第一篇：be动词后面的动词形式有三种可能
be动词后面的动词形式有三种可能：
-ing:现在进行时, I'm trying to give you the right answer.-ed:被动语态, I'm told that you don't know her.to do: 1.表示按计划或安排要做的事。例如：
When are you to leave for home?你什么时候回家？
They said goodbye, little knowing that they were never to meet again.他们告了别，不知道以后再也不会见面了。2.表示“应该”，相当于should, ought to。例如： You are to report to the police.你应该报警。3.表示“必须”，相当于must, have to。例如：
The letter is to be handed to him in person.这封信必须亲手交给他。4.表示“想，打算”，相当于intend, want。例如：
If we are to be there before ten, we’ll have to go now.如果我们要在十点前到，我们现在就得走。
5.用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求对方意见。例如： Am I to go on with the work?要我继续完成这项工作吗？ What are we to do next?我们下一步该怎么办？ 6.用于否定句，表示“禁止”，相当于mustn’t。例如：
You are not to smoke in the reading-room.你不可以在阅览室里吸烟。7.表示“可以，可能”，相当于may, can。例如：
The news is to be found in the evening paper.这条消息可以在晚报上见到。
8.were to do sth.用于if或even if / even though从句中，表示对未来的假设。例如：
If I were to tell you that I killed him, would you believe me?要是我告诉你是我杀了他，你会相信吗？
9.be to blame(该受责备，对某坏事应负责任)与be to let(待出租)两种结构中，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例如：
Which driver is to blame for the accident?这事故是哪个司机的责任？ This house is to let.这房子要出租。
第二篇：动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形式
动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形式。
(1)一般动词在词尾加-s，-s在清辅音后读／s／，在浊辅音或元音后读／z／ds读／dz／，ts 读／ts／。
如：
help→helps／helps／，know→knows／nuz／，get→gets／gets／，read→reads／ridz／
(2)以字母s，x，ch，sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es，-es读／iz／。
如：
guess→guesses／'siz／，fix→fixes／'fiksiz／，teach→teaches／'titiz／，wash→washes／'wiz／
注意：go→goes／uz／，do→does／dz／
(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es，-ies读／iz／。
如：
carry→carries／'kriz／，fly→flies／flaiz／
注：在play→plays／pleiz／，say→says／sez／中，字母y前为元音字母，第三人称单数形式直接在动词后面加-s。
(4)特殊词例外。如：
be→is，have→has
以不发音字母―e‖结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是[s]，[z]时，加―s‖后字母―e‖发音，与所加―s‖，一起读做[iz]。
如：
close－closes [iz]
规则动词和不规则动词的过去式变化如下：
一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed，如：
work—worked piay—played want--wanted act--acted
以不发音的-e 结尾动词，动词词尾加-d，如： live--lived move--moved decide--decided decline--declined hope--hoped judge—judged raise--raised wipe--wiped
以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如：
study--studied try--tried copy--copied justify--justified
cry--cried carry--carried embody--embodied empty--emptied
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed，如： stop--stopped beg--begged fret--fretted drag--dragged
drop—dropped
plan--planned dot--dotted drip--dripped
注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。
go – went make – made get – got buy – bought come-came fly-flew
动词过去式,过去分词不规则变化
AB型
can--could
shall--should
will--would
may--might AAA型
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
hit hit hit
hurt hurt hurt
let let let
must must must
put put put
set set set
shut shut shut
read read read
AAB型
beat beat beaten
ABA型
become became become
run ran run come came come
ABB型
bring
brought
brought
buy
bought
bought
think
thought
thought
catch
caught
caught
teach
taught
taught
build
built
built
lend
lent
lent
send
sent
sent
spend
spent
spent
dig
dug
dug
hang
hung
hung
feel
felt
felt
keep
kept
kept
sleep
slept
slept
sweep
swept
swept
leave
left
left
smell
smelt
smelt
pay
paid
paid
say
said
said
sell
sold
sold
tell
told
told
sit
sat
sat
spit spat spat
stand
stood
stood
understand
understood
understood
learn
learnt
learnt
mean
meant
meant
win
won
won
have
had
had
make
made
made
hear
heard
heard
find
found
found
hold
held
held
ABC型
begin
began
begun
drink
drank
drunk
ring
rang
rung
sing
sang
sung
sink
sank
sunk
swim
swam
swum
blow
blew
blown
fly
flew
flown
grow
grew
grown
know
knew
known
throw
threw
thrown
draw
drew
drawn
show
showed
shown
break
broke
broken
choose
chose
chosen
forget
forgot
forgotten
freeze
froze
frozen
speak
spoke
spoken
wake
woke
woken
drive
drove
driven
eat
ate eaten
fall
fell
fallen
give
gave
given
hide
hid
hidden
ride
rode
ridden
rise
rose
risen
take
took
taken
mistake
mistook
mistaken
write
wrote
written
am,is
was
been
are
were
been
do
did
done
go
went
gone
lie
lay
lain
see
saw
seen
wear
wore
worn
易错型
show
showed
shown
draw
drew
drawn
fall
fell
fallen
feel
felt
felt
hold
held
held
help
helped
helped
think
thought
thought
thank
thanked
thanked
take
took
taken
talk
talked
talked
get
got
got
forget
forgot
forgotten
meet
met
met
mean
meant
meant
hit
hit
hit
hide hid hidden ring
rang
rung
bring
brought
brought eat
ate
eaten
beat
beat
beaten
lie
lay
lain
lay
laid
laid
find
found
found
found
founded
founded
buy
bought
bought
bring
brought
brought
learn
learnt
learnt
hear
heard
heard
第三篇：动词ing形式教案
动词的ing形式
1.-ing分词的构成
-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化.-ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如：
Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。
His not coming made all of us angry.他没来使我们大家都很生气。
2.-ing分词的一般式和完成式：
-ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作
Being a student, he was interested in books.作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。
3.-ing分词的被动式：
-ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。
The question being discussed is very important.正在被讨论的问题很重要。
注意：在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后，作宾语的-ing分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如：
Your shoes need cleaning.= Your shoes need to be cleaned.你的鞋需要清洗一下了。
This book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一看。
4.-ing分词的语法作用
-ing分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。
1)–ing分词（短语）作主语：
Laying eggs is the ant queen„„s full-time job.产卵是蚁后的专职工作。
Saying is easier than doing.说比做容易。
2)-ing分词（短语）作表语：
His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是收集邮票。
The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令人困惑。
3)-ing分词作宾语：
①–ing分词作动词宾语。如：I suggest doing it in a different way.我建议用另一种方法做这件事。
We enjoy attending Miss Li„„s class.我们喜欢听李老师的课。
②-ing分词作宾语也可用在复合宾语中作真正的宾语，而用it作形式宾语。如：
I don‟t think it possible living in such a cold place.我认为住在这么寒冷的地方是不可能的。
Do you consider it any good trying again? 你觉得再试一次会有好处吗？
③-ing分词作介词宾语，经常用在一些短语的后面。如：
I„„m against inviting him to dinner.我反对邀请他来吃饭。
They don‟t feel like walking that much.他们不喜欢走那么多路。
He went to London in the hope of being a famous painter.他去了伦敦，希望能成为一个著名的画家。
此类短语还有很多。如：look forward to（渴望，盼望）, be proud of（以……自豪）, insist on（坚持）, think of（考虑，想到）, dream of（梦想）, hear of（听说）, prevent…from（防止，阻止）, keep…from（防止，阻止）, stop…from（防止，阻止）, depend on（依靠，依赖）, thank…for（因……而道谢）, excuse…for（因……而道歉）, aim at（目的在于）, devote…to（献身于）, set about（着手做）, be/get used to（习惯于）, be fond of（喜欢）, be afraid of（害怕）, be tired of（对……厌烦）, be interested in（对……感兴趣）
注意：在有些句子中，介词常可省去。如：
I have no difficulty(in)talking with foreigners.我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。
He used to spend a lot of time(in)playing games.过去他常花很多时间玩游戏。
另外，-ing分词可以和一些介词如in, on, after, against, before, by, for, without, besides等构成短语，在句中作状语。
He left ahead of time without saying a word.他一句话也没说就提前离开了。
Besides cooking and sewing, she had to take care of four children.除了做饭和缝纫以外，她还要照顾四个孩子。
4)-ing分词作定语：
①单个的分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面。如：
reading room 阅览室 swimming pool 游泳池 dining car 餐车 sleeping car 卧车 singing competition 歌咏比赛 waiting room 候车室 a waiting car 一辆等待着的车 a sleeping child一个酣睡的孩子 flying fish 飞鱼 the exciting news令人振奋的消息 a boring speech令人乏味的演出
②-ing分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面，也相当于一个定语从句。如：
Who is the comrade standing by the door? 站在门边的同志是谁？ They lived in a house facing south.他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
5)-ing分词做状语：
①-ing分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when, while引出。如：
While reading the book, he nodded from time to time.他一边看书，一边不时地点头。
Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.看到那些画，他想起了她的童年。
②-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：
Not knowing his address, I can‟t send this book to him.因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。
Many of us, being so excited, couldn‟t go to sleep that night.因为非常激动，那晚我们许多人都没睡着。
③–ing分词短语作结果状语。如：
His father died, leaving him a lot of money.他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。
④-ing分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如：
They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。
Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。
⑤-ing分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个状语从句。如：
A person standing at the foot of a high mountain will find himself very small.一个人如站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。
Knowing all this, they made me pay for the books.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我把书买下。
注：-ing分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。
⑥“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+-ing分词”结构在句中作状语，表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。如：
His hair became grey with the years passing.随着时间的推移，他的头发变花白了。
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window.没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。
6)-ing分词作补语：
①--ing分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等动词后面和一个名词或代词构成一个复合宾语，作宾语补语。如：
I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.我下车的时候注意到一个男人匆匆忙忙地从银行里跑出来。
Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop.昨晚，店主在商店里抓到一个小孩在偷东西。
②上面这类句子也可变成被动语态，这时，-ing分词可看成是主语补语。如：
We were kept waiting for quite a long time.让我们等了好长时间。
Jily was never heard singing that song again.人们再也没有听到吉丽唱这首歌了。
5.-ing分词的复合结构：
-ing分词的复合结构通常由物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格+-ing分词构成，在句子开头时必须用物主代词和名词所有格，通常在句中作主语和宾语。如：
His coming made us very happy.他的到来使我们大家都很高。
He was awakened by someone‟s knocking at the door.他被某人的敲门声吵醒了。
1.–ing分词作主语和表语时与不定式的区别：
-ing分词和动词不定式作主语和表语的主要区别在于：在表示比较抽象的一般的多次性行为时多用-ing分词；在表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作时，多用不定式。如：
Smoking is forbidden here.（泛指吸烟）这里禁止吸烟。
It‟s not good for you to smoke so much.（指你吸烟）吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。
My job is teaching.我的工作是教书。
My job is to teach you English this term.我这一学期的工作是教你们英语。
2.能接-ing分词作宾语的常见动词：
mind（介意）, enjoy（欣赏，）, finish（完成）, keep（保持）, miss（错过）, 等。
3.有些动词既能接不定式，又能接-ing分词，含义有所不同。如：
①forget, remember, regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作，而后接-ing分词作宾语表示分词动作先于谓语动作。如：
Do you remember seeing me before? 你记得以前见过我吗？
Remember to lock the door when you leave.离开时要记得锁门。
②动词mean, stop, try, go on等动词后面接分词和接不定式作宾语，意思也有所不同。如：
I try not to think about that.我尽量不去想那件事。
Would you please try doing that again? 请你再试一次好吗？
He stopped talking when the bell rang.铃响的时候，他停止了讲话。While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times.工作的时候，他不时地停下来和汤姆谈话。
注意：有时人们把stop后的动词不定式理解为目的状语。
③动词allow, advise等可直接跟-ing分词作宾语，不可以接动词不定式作宾语，但可接不定式作宾语补语。如：
Please allow me to say a few words.请允许我说几句话。
We don‟t allow smoking here.我们这儿不允许吸烟。
④动词need, require, want作“需要”解时，后面接-ing分词或不定式的被动式。如：
The room wants cleaning/to be cleaned.这个房间需要打扫。
These little children require looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.这些小孩需要细心地照料。
⑤动词like, hate, prefer等后面，如表示一般性动作，多用-ing分词；如指特定的具体的某次动作，多用不定式。
I like swimming, but I don‟t like to swim with you.我喜欢游泳，但我不喜欢和你一起游泳。
I prefer walking to school every day.我情愿每天步行去学校。
I prefer to stay at home today.今天我情愿呆在家里。
V-ing形式的用法和意义
V-ing形式包括动名词和现在分词（短语）1.动名词
动名词是指具有名词性质，可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语。但不能单独做谓语的v-ing形式； 1)动名词作主语的用法：
动名词作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。e.g.Painting is his hobby.(绘画是他的爱好。)注意：①动名词作主语和不定式作主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。e.g.It is no use talking without doing.(光说不做没有用。)②不定式作主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作；
e.g.It‟s so hot, what I want to do now is to have a swim in a river.(天这么热，现在我想做的事就是在河里游泳。)2)动名词作宾语的用法：
(1)有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语；
e.g.advise, advise, admit, appreciate, avoid, can‟t help, consider, delay, excuse, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep(on), mind, practice, suggest, understand, miss, give up, insist on, think of, dream of, hear of, depend on, feel like, devote…to…, get used to, can‟t stand, prevent / stop / keep…from…, look forward to, have difficulty in, be fond of…, be proud of, object to, set about, thank for, put off , stick to, suggest, think of, dream of, hear of, depend on, get used to, prevent / stop / keep…from ,have difficulty in, be fond of, be proud of, object to, set about, thank for等。
(2)在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“～名词/代词+to do sth.(宾补)”形式。
e.g.We don’t allow smoking here.(我们这儿不允许吸烟。)We don‟t allow anybody to smoking here.(我们这儿不允许任何人吸烟。)(3)动词need, regret want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词得到主动式(表示被动的含义，)或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别；
e.g.The window needs / requires / wants cleaning.= The window needs / requires / wants to be cleaned.(4)下列动词可用动名词，也可用不定式作宾语，意义区别不大：
begin, continue, like, love, prefer, start, hate等。(5)下列动词可用动名词，也可用不定式作宾语，意义有明显的区别：
to do sth.：忘记去做某事(未做)①forget
doing sth.：忘记做过某事(已做)
to do sth.：记着去做某事（未做）②remember
doing sth.：记着做了某事（已做）
to do sth.：对即将做的事表示遗憾 ③regret
doing sth.：对做过的事表示遗憾 e.g.I regret to tell you that his father died.(很抱歉告诉你他父亲过世了。)
I regret having done such a thing.(很后悔做了这样的事。)
to do sth.：停下做另一件事（状语）④stop
doing sth.：停止正在做的事情（宾语）
to do sth.：尽力去做某事
⑤try
doing sth.：试着做某事
to do sth.：打算要做某事
⑥mean
doing sth.：意味着，意思是，就是 e.g.Accepting the job means living abroad.(接受这项工作就意味着在国外居住。)
I didn‟t mean to start an argument.(我不想和你吵。)
to do sth.：做完一件，继续另一件事 ⑦go on
doing sth.：继续原来做的那件事
e.g.Go on reading Lesson 3.Go on to read Lesson 3.⑧be used to
doing sth.习惯于做某事
to do sth.被用来作某事
e.g.He id used to getting up early.Wood is used to make paper.⑨can’t help doing sth.禁不住做某事
to do sth.不能帮助做某事
e.g.After hearing the story, we couldn‟t help laughing.I‟m sorry that I can‟t help you to finish the task.3)动名词的复合结构：
(1)形容词性的形容词性的物主代词 + 动名词
e.g.his coming(2)名词’s + 动名词
e.g.Tom’s arriving(3)代词的宾格 + 动名词
e.g.him finishing(4)名词 + 动名词
e.g.Tom coming 4)动名词的时态
在时态上，动名词有一般时(doing)和完成时(having dong)两种形式。当动名词表示的动作发生地时间不明确或与谓语动词同时发生，或发生在谓语动词动作之后，用动名词的一般式；当动名词表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，常用动名词的完成式。
e.g.I enjoy playing football.(playing 的时间不明确)
He’s been used to going to bed late.(①和②两个动作同时发生)
①
②
He is looking forward to seeing you soon.(②在①之后)①
②
I’m sorry for not having kept my promise.(②在①之前)
①
② 5)动名词的语态
在语态上，动名词有主动式(doing, having done)和被动式(being done, having been done).e.g.He insisted on sending her to hospital.He insisted on being sent to work in the countryside.2.现在分词
由于V-ing形式的用法比较复杂，故在此只是对现在分词作状语做一总结，(其与动名词的异同见3.)因此在这要特别注意现在分词所表示的动作和主句谓语动词所表示的动作之间的时间关系：
在时态上，现在分词有一般式(doing)和完成式(having done)两种形式。当现在分词所表示的动作与主句的谓语动词所表示的的动作同时进行，用现在分词的一般式；当现在分词所表示的动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的的动作之前，则用现在分词的完成式；
e.g.Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.(当她在公园散步时，他看到了一个老朋友。)
Having lived in the city for many years, I know it well.(因为在这个城市住了多年，所以我对它非常了解。)
在语态上，现在分词有主动式(doing, having done)和被动式(being done, having been done)两种形式。一般式表示一个被动动作正在进行或与主句的谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行；完成式表示一个被动动作在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成了；
e.g.When being asked why he was late, he made no answer.(当被问及为什么迟到的时候，他没有回答。)
Having been rebuilt this way, these temples look even more beautiful.(这些寺庙经过这样重建以后，更加美丽了。)现在分词作状语
现在分词（短语）作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是主句的主语，分词必须和主句的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
现在分词（短语）可以在句中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，用来表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步和伴随状况。其句型是：“现在分词（短语），主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分”
e.g.Standing on the top of the mountain, I could see the whole city.(站在山顶上，我能看见整个城市。)1)现在分词作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句；
Not knowing her telephone, we couldn‟t get in touch with her.2)现在分词作时间状语，相当于when, while所引导的时间状语从句；
(1)当分词的动作一发生，主句的动作随之也发生时，可用分词作状语，放在主句前面，译作“当„的时候”，此时它可以置换成“on + 动名词”结构，这种用法的动词都是瞬间动词，如：look, hear, see, return, open, leave, close等；
e.g.Hearing the news, they couldn‟t help jumping.= On hearing the news, they couldn‟t help jumping.(2)当分词的动作正在进行时，主句的动作发生了，此时可以用现在分词作状语，译作“当„的时候”，但它的前面一般加“when / while”。
e.g.When leaving the station, he waved again and again to me.(离开车站时，他向我频频挥手。)(3)当分词的动作完成以后，主句的动作才发生，用现在分词的完成时态作状语，译作“在„之后”，此时可以置换为“after + 动名词”。
3)现在分词作方式状语或伴随状语，说明动作发生地背景或情况；
当分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生时，它可以转换成并列句。
e.g.We explored the cave, Black acting as a guide.= We explored the cave, and Black acted as a guide.4)现在分词作结果状语，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种自然的结果
e.g.The snow lasted a week, resulting in serious traffic confusion in the whole city.(雪下了一星期，造成整个城市交通瘫痪。)5)现在分词作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句，有时分词前可带有连词although, whether, even if, even though等；
e.g.Admitting what she said, I still think that she hasn‟t tried her best.(尽管承认她所说的话，但我仍然认为她没有尽最大努力。)6)现在分词作条件状语，分词短语有时表示一种假设的条件情况，相相当于一个条件状语从句。在这种情况下，有时在分词前面加上if, unless使条件更明显；
e.g.Working hard, you‟ll succeed.= If you work hard, you‟ll succeed.3.动名词和现在分词的异同点 1)V-ing形式作表语
(1)名词和现在分词作表语的区别：
①动名词作表语一般表示抽象性的、习惯性的动作，主语和表语的位置可以互换；
e.g.Her job is teaching.②现在分词作表语说明主语的性质、特征，主语和表语不能交换位置；
e.g.He is washing the dishes.(2)表语是动名词或现在分词的判断方法：
①倒置法：即将句子中的主语和表语位置互换，谓语动词不动，若新组成的句子与原句的意思相符，则句中的V-ing形式就是动名词，否则为现在分词；
e.g.Her job is teaching English.(动名词)
Her job is interesting.(现在分词)②加入法：在表语前加上副词very，so, 或more, most等，句子意思通顺、明确，则句中的V-ing形式为现在分词，否则为动名词；
e.g.My job is(very)interesting.(现在分词)
My job is(so)teaching English.(动名词)同时，还可以在表语后加个能作宾语的名词，若句子正确则V-ing为动名词，否则为现在分词； e.g.My job is interesting(you).(×)(现在分词)
My job is teaching(you)English.(√)(动名词)③提问法：能用how对表语提问的是现在分词，反之为动名词；能用what对表语提问的是动名词，反之为现在分词；
e.g.My job is interesting.How is your job?(现在分词)
My job is teaching English.What is your job?(动名词)2)V-ing形式作定语
单个的V-ing形式作定语时，一般放在被修饰词的前面，而V-ing短语(一般为现在分词短语)作定语时，一般放在被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句； e.g.a waiting room
a dancing girl The man talking in my headmaster is my father.动名词和现在分词作定语的区别：
(1)现在分词(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。即：将被修饰的名词作主语，用be连接V-ing形式，逻辑上行得通，v-ing形式就为现在分词，否则为动名词。
e.g.a sleeping boy = a boy is sleeping(现在分词)
a dinning room ≠ a room is dinning(动名词)(2)动名词作定语通常表示它所修饰的名词的用途，它们之间不存在逻辑上的主谓关系。即：我们也可以把be换成for来判断。
e.g.a barking dog ≠ a dog for barking(现在分词)
a sleeping car = a car is sleeping(动名词)3)V-ing形式(一般为现在分词短语)作宾语补足语
在感管动词(see, find, notice, watch等)后面作宾语补足语，这时V-ing形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，并且V-ing形式表示宾语正在进行的动作。
e.g.They saw the boys playing on the playground.
第四篇：后接动词的 ing形式有哪些动词
后接动词的 ing形式有哪些动词？
1.finishenjoylikepractiselook forward tokeepcontinuegive one’s life to
2.所有的介词后面接动词的ing 形式如：thank you for doing sthbe good at doing sth
3．What about doing sth
4.mindmisssuggestadmitcan’t help
give upconsiderexcuseimagine
put offkeep on
后接动词原形的动词有哪些 ？ 1．
2．3．
4．5．
6．7． let sb do sthwhy not do sth ? make sb do sthget sb do sth had better do sthhad better not do sth help sb do sth see sb do sthwatch sb do sthhear sb do sth have to do sth
第五篇：动词时态三种变化总结
动词时态三种变化总结
一般现在时
动词第三人称单数形式的构成规则: a)直接在动词词尾加s。如:help→helps, play→plays。
b)以-s,-x,-ch,-sh,-o等结尾的动词,在词尾加-es。如:guess→guesses, watch→watches, go→goes。
c)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为 i再加-es。如:carry→carries, fly→flies。
动词的现在分词
1.一般情况下，在动词后加-ing构成： work→working 工
作
sleep→sleeping
睡
wait→waiting
等待 study→studying 学习read→reading 读 talk→talking 谈话 2.不发音的-e结尾的动词去掉e后再加-ing：
smile→smiling 微笑 move→moving write→writing 写 但是，若是发音的e结尾，则不能去e： see→seeing 看见 agree→agreeing 同意
3.以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing：
sit→sitting 坐 plan→planning 计划 prefer→preferring 宁愿
4.以字母ie结尾的动词，通常将ie改为y，再加ing： die→dying 死 lie→lying 躺
动词的过去式： 【过去式的变化规则】
① 一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed。如：wanted，played。② 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。如：hoped，lived。
③ 重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stopped, shipped。④ 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词去y加ed。如：studied，worried。2 am,is-was are--were 击败;敲打beat--beat 成为/变成become--became 开始begin--began 吹;刮blow—blew 折断;打破break—broke 带来bring--brought 建设;建造build--built 买buy—bought 能,能够can—could 抓/捉住;乘车catch-cought 选择;选choose--chose 来come--came 值cost—cost 切;割;砍cut-cut-做do—did 绘画;画draw--drew 喝drink--drank 驾驶drive--drove 吃eat--eat 掉下;降落fall--fell 感到;感觉feel--felt 发现;找到find--found 飞fly--flew 忘记forget-forgot 取;获得get--got 给give--gave 去;走go--went 种植;成长grow—grew 有/吃have/has--had 听见
hear--heard 保持
keep—kept 知道;认识know--knew 学习;学会learn-learnt/learned 离开;落下leave--left 借出/给lend— lent 让let--let 位于lie--lay 丢失lose--lost 可以may--might 意味;意思mean---meant 遇见/到meet--met 放put--put 读read--read注意读法不同/e/ 骑ride--rode 铃响ring--rang 跑run--ran 说say—said 看见;看望see--saw 卖 sell--selt 送send--sent 将;应该shall--should 照耀shine--shone 唱sing--sang 坐sit--sat 睡觉sleep--slept 闻;嗅smell--smelt 说;讲speak--spoke 花费;度过spend--spent 站stand—stood 扫;拖地sweep--swept 游泳
swim--swam 拿走;带走
take--took 教teach--taught 告诉;讲tell--told 想;认为think--thought 扔;掷throw--threw 理解/明白understand--understood 醒wake--woke 穿;戴wear--wore 将;愿will--would 赢得;战胜win--won 写write—wrote
一、下列结构含有ing: 1.keep doing 2.keep /carry on doing 3.keep sb.Doing 4.enjoy doing 5.finish doing 6.be afraid of doing 7.be worth doing 8.be busy doing 9.how about doing//what about doing 10.spend some time(in)doing 11.spend some money(in)buying 12.feel like doing 13.stop/keep/prevent … from doing 14.thank you for doing 15.thanks for doing 16.do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing 17.go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 18.mind/practise doing 19.prefer doing … to doing… 20.can’t help doing 21.there is/are +n.+ doing …
二、下列结构用不带to的动词不定式：
1.had better(not)do sth.2.would you please(not)do sth.3.why n ot do sth.4.why don’t you do sth.5.Shall we do sth.? 6.let do sth.7.make sb.do sth.三、下列结构用带to的动词不定式：
1.It’s time to do sth.2.It takes sb.some time to do sth.3.tell/ask/want/encourage sb.to do sth.4.Would you like to do sth.? 5.It’s good/bad to do sth.6.It’s good/bad for sb.to do sth.7.be+adj.+enough to do sth.8.sb.is ready to do sth.9.It’s+adj.+ for sb.to do sth.10.It’s+adj.+ of sb.to do sth.11.would like/love /decide/want/wish/to do sth.12.would like/love sb.to do sth.13.Prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.14.what/how/ when/where/whether to do sth 15.can’t wait to do 16.too … to do … 17.be afraid /ready/able/sure to do
五、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和
ing形式含义不同： 1.stop to do/ doing 2.forget to do/ doing 3.remember to do/doing 4.go on to do/doing 5.like to do/doing 6.love to do/doing 7.prefer to do/doing 8.hate to do/doing
六、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和
ing形式含义相同： 1.begin to do/doing 2.start to do/doing 3.learn to do/doing
七、下列结构用不带to的动词不定式和现在分词的含义不同： 用不带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程；用现在分词强调动作的进行状 态。1．hear sb do sth./doing 2.listen sb do sth./doing 3.look at sb do sth./doing 4.see sb do sth./doing 5.watch sb do sth./doing 6.notice sb do sth./doing 三单练习
I.写出下列动词的相应形式： 1.第三
人
称
单数： wash_________ match _______guess______ study______ finish_________ go________ snow______ carry_________ 2.写出下列动词的过去式：stop______ see________ drive ________let_______ carry______ keep_____ join______ find_______ think________ teach______ catch______ 3.写出下列动词的现在分词
形式： stay_______ begin______ forget_______ forget______ lie________ die _______ run_______ prefer______ give________ ring_______ dance______ hope_______ II.用所给动词的适当形式填空：
1．I ________(write)to you as soon as I _______(get)to London.2.He doean’t feel well and ____________(not eat)any food this morning.3.He ______ not _______(see)me come in, for he ___________(read)something with great interest.4.I _________(l;et)you have the book as soon as I _________(finish)it.5.While we ________(wait)for our teacher, a little boy ________(run)up to us.6.Don’t make a niose.Grandpa __________(sleep).7.It’s seven now, Tom’s family__________(watch)TV.8.It ________(take)me two hours to finish my homework last night.9.What ______ your mother _______(do)at eight yesterday evening? She _______(wash)clothes.10._______ it ______(rain)when school was over yesterday? 11.What _______(do)_______ tomorrow? We ________(play)football.12.There ________(be)a football match on TV this evening.13.They said they ________(visit)the Great Wall the next summer holiday.14.Who _______(dance)the best in your class? 15.Will you come if he _____________(not come)? 16.The teacher told us the earth __________(move)round the sun.17.They _______(have)a party in the garden if it ________(not rain)to morrow.18 She ________(buy)a sweater yesterday.19.I don’t know if Mr.Wang ______(go)to Shanghai tomorrow.If he _____(go), I ______(ask)him _______(take)some books to my daughter, because she _______(study)there.III单项选择：
1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _____ tomorrow.A.don’t rain B.doesn’t rain C.won’t rain
2.There _____ an English film next week.A.will have B.is going to have C.is going to be D.was going to be 3.The picture _______ nice.A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking 4.She ______ down and soon fell asleep.A.live B.lain C.laid D.lay 5.They _____ the office at nine yesterday morning.A.reached to B.arrived C.went D.get to 6.We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _____ back next week.A.wil come B.came C.would come D.come 7.Don’t smoke until the plane ______ off.A.takes B.took C.was taken D.is take 8.I saw her ____ the room this morning.A.to enter()B.entered C.enter D.enters 9.the teacher asked us ______ to school on time.A.to come B.coming C.come D.comes 10.John is always ______ others.A.help B.helping C.helps D.to help 11.He told us ______ at eight.A.working B.to work C.work D.worked 12.You’d better ______ at home and ______ your homework.A.to stay, do B.stay, do C.to stay, to do D.stay, to do 13.He sat down ______ a rest.A.having B.have C.to have D.had 14.Uncle Wang knows _______ a washing machine.A.how to make B.to make C.how making D.what to make 15.Jim decided _______ Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England.A.to leave B.left C.leaving D.leave
点击咨询 