乔布斯在斯坦福大学的毕业典礼演讲稿

乔布斯在斯坦福大学的毕业典礼演讲稿

乔布斯在斯坦福大学的毕业典礼演讲稿1

史蒂夫·乔布斯(Steve Jobs)在斯坦福大学的演讲中谈到了他生活中的三次体验，这三次体验不仅在斯坦福大学的毕业生、也在硅谷乃至其他地方的技术同行中引起了巨大反响。尤其The Whole Earth Catalog提到的话，作为杂志，这是一种精神，一种气质。

乔布斯斯坦福大学的毕业典礼演讲：求知若渴，大智若愚

Thank you. I'm honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. Truth be told, I never graduated from college and this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation.

谢谢大家。很荣幸能和你们，来自世界最好大学之一的毕业生们，一块儿参加毕业典礼。老实说，我大学没有毕业，今天恐怕是我一生中离大学毕业最近的一次了。

Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That's it. No big deal. Just three stories.

今天我想告诉大家来自我生活的三个故事。没什么大不了的，只是三个故事而已。

The first story is about connecting the dots.

第一个故事，如何串连生命中的点滴。

I dropped out of Reed College after the first six months but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife, except that when I popped out, they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking, “We've got an unexpected baby boy. Do you want him?” They said, “Of course.” My biological mother found out later that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would go to college.

我在里得大学读了六个月就退学了，但是在18个月之后--我真正退学之前，我还常去学校。为何我要选择退学呢?这还得从我出生之前说起。我的生母是一个年轻、未婚的大学毕业生，她决定让别人收养我。她有一个很强烈的信仰，认为我应该被一个大学毕业生家庭收养。于是，一对律师夫妇说好了要领养我，然而最后一秒钟，他们改变了主意，决定要个女孩儿。然后我排在收养人名单中的养父母在一个深夜接到电话，“很意外，我们多了一个男婴，你们要吗?”“当然要!”但是我的生母后来又发现我的养母没有大学毕业，养父连高中都没有毕业。她拒绝在领养书上签字。几个月后，我的养父母保证会让我上大学，她妥协了。

This was the start in my life. And 17 years later, I did go to college, but I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life, and no idea of how college was going to help me figure it out, and here I was, spending all the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back, it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out, I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me and begin dropping in on the ones that looked far more interesting.

这是我生命的开端。十七年后，我上大学了，但是我很无知地选了一所差不多和斯坦福一样贵的学校，几乎花掉我那蓝领阶层养父母一生的积蓄。六个月后，我觉得不值得。我看不出自己以后要做什么，也不晓得大学会怎样帮我指点迷津，而我却在花销父母一生的积蓄。所以我决定退学，并且相信没有做错。一开始非常吓人，但回忆起来，这却是我一生中作的最好的决定之一。从我退学的那一刻起，我可以停止一切不感兴趣的必修课，开始旁听那些有意思得多的课。

It wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms. I returned Coke bottles for the five-cent deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the seven miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example.

事情并不那么美好。我没有宿舍可住，睡在朋友房间的地上。为了吃饭，我收集五分一个的旧可乐瓶，每个星期天晚上步行七英里到哈尔-克里什纳庙里改善一下一周的伙食。我喜欢这种生活方式。能够遵循自己的好奇和直觉前行后来被证明是多么的珍贵。让我来给你们举个例子吧。

Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer was beautifully hand-calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and sans-serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I found it fascinating.

当时的里德大学提供可能是全国最好的书法指导。校园中每一张海报，抽屉上的每一张标签，都是漂亮的手写体。由于我已退学，不用修那些必修课，我决定选一门书法课上上。在这门课上，我学会了“serif”和“sans-serif”两种字体、学会了怎样在不同的字母组合中改变字间距、学会了怎样写出好的字来。这是一种科学无法捕捉的微妙，楚楚动人、充满历史底蕴和艺术性，我觉得自己被完全吸引了。

None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me, and we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts, and since Windows just copied the Mac, it's likely that no personal computer would have them.

当时我并不指望书法在以后的生活中能有什么实用价值。但是，十年之后，我们在设计第一台 Macintosh计算机时，它一下子浮现在我眼前。于是，我们把这些东西全都设计进了计算机中。这是第一台有这么漂亮的文字版式的计算机。要不是我当初在大学里偶然选了这么一门课，Macintosh计算机绝不会有那么多种印刷字体或间距安排合理的字号。要不是Windows照搬了 Macintosh，个人电脑可能不会有这些字体和字号。

If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on that calligraphy class and personals computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do.

要不是退了学，我决不会碰巧选了这门书法课，个人电脑也可能不会有现在这些漂亮的版式了。

Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college, but it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later. Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward. You can only connect them looking backwards, so you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something--your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever--because believing that the dots will connect down the road will give you the confidence to follow your heart, even when it leads you off the well-worn path, and that will make all the difference.

当然，我在大学里不可能从这一点上看到它与将来的关系。十年之后再回头看，两者之间关系就非常、非常清楚了。你们同样不可能从现在这个点上看到将来;只有回头看时，才会发现它们之间的关系。所以你必须相信，那些点点滴滴，会在你未来的生命里，以某种方式串联起来。你必须相信一些东西——你的勇气、宿命、生活、因缘，随便什么——因为相信这些点滴能够一路连接会给你带来循从本觉的自信，它使你远离平凡，变得与众不同。

My second story is about love and loss. I was lucky. I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents' garage when I was 20. We worked hard and in ten years, Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4,000 employees. We'd just released our finest creation, the Macintosh, a year earlier, and I'd just turned 30, and then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew, we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so, things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge, and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our board of directors sided with him, and so at 30, I was out, and very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating. I really didn't know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down, that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure and I even thought about running away from the Valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me. I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I'd been rejected but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.

第二个故事是关于爱与失的。我很幸运，很早就发现自己喜欢做的事情。我二十岁的时候就和沃茨在父母的车库里开创了苹果公司。我们工作得很努力，十年后，苹果公司成长为拥有四千名员工，价值二十亿的大公司。我们刚刚推出了最好的创意，Macintosh操作系统，在这之前的一年，也就是我刚过三十岁，我被解雇了。你怎么可能被一个亲手创立的公司解雇?事情是这样的'，在公司成长期间，我雇佣了一个我们认为非常聪明，可以和我一起经营公司的人。一年后，我们对公司未来的看法产生分歧，董事会站在了他的一边。于是，在我三十岁的时候，我出局了，很公开地出局了。我整个成年生活的焦点没了，这很要命。一开始的几个月我真的不知道该干什么。我觉得我让公司的前一代创建者们失望了，我把传给我的权杖给弄丢了。我与戴维德·帕珂德和鲍勃·诺埃斯见面，试图为这彻头彻尾的失败道歉。我败得如此之惨以至于我想要逃离硅谷。但有个东西在慢慢地叫醒我：我还爱着我从事的行业。这次失败一点儿都没有改变这一点。我被逐了，但我仍爱着我的事业。我决定重新开始。

I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods in my life. During the next five years I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the world's first computer-animated feature film, “Toy Story,” and is now the most successful animation studio in the world.

当时我没有看出来，但事实证明“被苹果开除”是发生在我身上最好的事。成功的重担被重新起步的轻松替代，对任何事情都不再特别看重，这让我感觉如此自由，进入一生中最有创造力的阶段。接下来的五年，我创立了一个叫NeXT的公司，接着又建立了Pixar，然后与后来成为我妻子的女人相爱。Pixar出品了世界第一个电脑动画电影：“玩具总动员”，现在它已经是世界最成功的动画制作工作室了。

In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT and I returned to Apple and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance, and Lorene and I have a wonderful family together.

在一系列的成功运转后，苹果收购了NeXT，我又回到了苹果。我们在NeXT开发的技术在苹果的复兴中起了核心作用，另外劳琳和我组建了一个幸福的家庭。

I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple. It was awful-tasting medicine but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life's going to hit you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You've got to find what you love, and that is as true for work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking, and don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it, and like any great relationship it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking. Don't settle.

我非常确信，如果我没有被苹果炒掉，这些就都不会发生。这个药的味道太糟了，但是我想病人需要它。有些时候，生活会给你迎头一棒。不要丧失信心。我确信唯一让我一路走下来的是我对自己所做事情的热爱。你必须去找你热爱的东西，对工作如此，对你的爱人也是这样的。工作会占据你生命中很大的一部分，你只有相信自己做的是伟大的工作，你才能怡然自得。如果你还没有找到，那么就继续找，不要停。全心全意地找，当你找到时，你会知道的。就像任何真诚的关系，随着时间的流逝，只会越来越紧密。所以继续找，不要停。

My third story is about death. When I was 17 I read a quote that went something like “If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right.” It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself, “If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?” And whenever the answer has been “no” for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something. Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important thing I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life, because almost everything--all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure--these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.

我的第三个故事关于死亡。我17岁的时候读到过一句话“如果你把每一天都当作最后一天过，有一天你会发现你是正确的”。这句话给我留下了深刻的印象。从那以后，过去的33年，每天早上我都会对着镜子问自己：“如果今天是我的最后一天，我会不会做我想做的事情呢?”如果连着一段时间，答案都是否定的的话，我就知道我需要改变一些东西了。提醒自己就要死了是我遇见的最大的帮助，帮我作了生命中的大决定。因为几乎任何事——所有的荣耀、骄傲、对难堪和失败的恐惧——在死亡面前都会消隐，留下真正重要的东西。提醒自己就要死亡是我知道的最好的方法，用来避开担心失去某些东西的陷阱。你已经赤裸裸了，没有理由不听从于自己的心愿。

About a year ago, I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn't even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctors' code for “prepare to die.” It means to try and tell your kids everything you thought you'd have the next ten years to tell them, in just a few months. It means to make sure that everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.

大约一年前，我被诊断出患了癌症。我早上七点半作了扫描，清楚地显示在我的胰腺有一个肿瘤。我当时都不知道胰腺是什么东西。医生们告诉我这几乎是无法治愈的，我还有三到六个月的时间。我的医生建议我回家，整理一切。在医生的辞典中，这就是“准备死亡”的意思。就是意味着把要对你小孩说十年的话在几个月内说完;意味着把所有东西搞定，尽量让你的家庭活得轻松一点;意味着你要说“永别”了。

I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope, the doctor started crying, because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and, thankfully, I am fine now.

我整日都想着那诊断书的事情。后来有天晚上我做了一个活切片检查，他们将一个内窥镜伸进我的喉咙，穿过胃，到达肠道，用一根针在我的胰腺肿瘤上取了几个细胞。我当时是被麻醉的，但是我的妻子告诉我，那些医生在显微镜下看到细胞的时候开始尖叫，因为发现这竟然是一种非常罕见的可用手术治愈的胰腺癌症。我做了手术，现在，我痊愈了。

This was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope it's the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept. No one wants to die, even people who want to go to Heaven don't want to die to get there, and yet, death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because death is very likely the single best invention of life. It's life's change agent; it clears out the old to make way for the new. right now, the new is you. But someday, not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it's quite true. Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma, which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice, and most important, have the courage to follow heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.

这是我最接近死亡的时候，我也希望是我未来几十年里最接近死亡的一次。这次死里逃生让我比以往只知道死亡是一个有用而纯粹书面概念的时候更确信地告诉你们，没有人愿意死，即使那些想上天堂的人们也不愿意通过死亡来达到他们的目的。但是死亡是每个人共同的终点，没有人能够逃脱。也应该如此，因为死亡很可能是生命最好的发明。它去陈让新。现在，你们就是“新”。但是有一天，不用太久，你们有会慢慢变老然后死去。抱歉，这很戏剧性，但却是真的。你们的时间是有限的，不要浪费在重复别人的生活上。不要被教条束缚，那意味着会和别人思考的结果一块儿生活。不要被其他人的喧嚣观点掩盖自己内心真正的声音。你的直觉和内心知道你想要变成什么样子。所有其他东西都是次要的。

When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalogue, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stuart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras. it was sort of like Google in paperback form 35 years before Google came along. It was idealistic, overflowing with neat tools and great notions. Stuart and his team put out several issues of the The Whole Earth Catalogue, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitch-hiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath were the words, “Stay hungry, stay foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off. “Stay hungry, stay foolish.” And I have always wished that for myself, and now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you. Stay hungry, stay foolish.

我年轻的时候，有一份叫做《完整地球目录》的好杂志，是我们这一代人的圣经之一。它是一个叫斯纠华特·布兰的、住在离这不远的曼罗公园的家伙创立的。他用诗一般的触觉将这份杂志带到世界。那是六十年代后期，个人电脑出现之前，所以这份杂志全是用打字机、剪刀和偏光镜制作的。有点像软皮包装的google，不过却早了三十五年。它理想主义，全文充斥着灵巧的工具和伟大的想法。斯纠华特和他的小组出版了几期“完整地球目录”，在完成使命之前，他们出版了最后一期。那是七十年代中期，我和你们差不多大。最后一期的封底是一张清晨乡村小路的照片，如果你有冒险精神，可以自己找到这条路。下面有一句话，“保持饥饿，保持愚蠢”。这是他们的告别语，“保持饥饿，保持愚蠢”。我常以此勉励自己。现在，在你们即将踏上新旅程的时候，我也希望你们能这样。保持饥饿，保持愚蠢。

Thank you all, very much.

非常感谢。

乔布斯在斯坦福大学的毕业典礼演讲稿2

我当时没有觉察，但后来发现，被苹果公司解雇可能是我这辈子发生的最好的事情。一个成功者的包袱没有了，有的只是一个初出茅庐者的轻松感觉，我对各种事情也不再那么胸有成竹。这让我轻装上阵，进入了我生命中最有创造力的阶段之一。

今天，我很荣幸能来到贵校这所世界顶尖大学，参加你们的毕业典礼。我没有念完大学。老实说，今天是我一生中最接近大学毕业的日子。今天我想告诉你们我生活中的三个故事，仅此而已。不是什么大不了的事情，只是三个故事。

第一个故事是关于串连起生活的点滴

我在里德大学读了六个月之后就退学了，但之后我又像在校生一样读了十八个月左右才彻底退学。那么，我为什么要退学呢？

这要从我出生前讲起。我母亲生我的时候还是一个年轻、未婚的在校研究生，所以她决定让别人收养我。她十分希望收养者是大学毕业生，并办妥了一切，我出生后就会由一位律师和他的妻子收养。意外的是，我出生后，那对夫妻突然变卦，说他们其实想要一个女孩。于是，当时还在等待名单上的我的养父母在半夜接到了一个电话，问他们说：“我们这儿有一个未婚出生的男婴，你们想要他吗？”他们回答：“当然要。”但是，随后我的生母发现，我的养母从来没有上过大学，我的养父甚至连高中都没读完。她拒绝签订收养合同。几个月以后，我的养父母承诺一定会让我上大学，她才让步。

十七年之后，我真的上了大学。但是，我很幼稚地选择了一所学费几乎和你们斯坦福一样贵的学校。我父母是工薪阶层，他们倾尽积蓄，支付了我的学费。过了六个月，我却看不到这笔钱的价值。我不知道我想要做什么，也不知道大学会怎样帮我找到答案，而我却在浪费着我父母一辈子的积蓄。所以我决定退学，并坚信这是个正确的决定。我当时非常害怕，但是现在回头看，那是我一生中最棒的决定之一。一退学，我就可以不去读那些我不感兴趣的必修课，并开始上那些看起来很有意思的课程。

但是，这并没有多浪漫。我没有宿舍，只能睡在朋友房间的地板上。我收集别人喝完的可乐瓶子，来换5美分买吃的。每周日晚上，我都会步行七英里，穿越城市到Hare Krishna神庙，去免费饱餐一顿。我喜欢那里的饭菜。后来我发现，先前追随好奇和直觉而经历的种种遭遇其实是无价之宝。

我给你们举个例子：

当时，里德大学的书法课也许是全国最好的。校园里的每一张海报，抽屉上的每一张标签，全都是漂亮的手写字。因为我退学了，不用去上常规课程，所以我决定去上书法课，学学怎样写。我学会了serif 和san serif字体，学会了怎样调整字母组合的间距，学会了怎样做出最棒的印刷排字式样。那种美丽、典雅和精雕细琢，是科学无法体现的，它令我着迷。

当时，在我的生命中，这些东西连一线实际应用的希望都没有。但是十年后，当我们设计第一台Macintosh电脑的时候，就完全不同了。我们把当时我学的那些东西全都融入进了Mac的设计中。那是第一台使用漂亮字体的电脑。如果我当时没有去上那门课，Mac就绝不会有这些丰富多彩、赏心悦目的字体。Windows只是纯粹地抄袭Mac，所以，我们可以说，除了Mac，没有一台个人电脑会有这些字体。如果我当时没有退学，我就不可能去上这门书法课，那么个人电脑可能也就不会有如今这么美妙的字体了。当然，我在大学的时候，还不可能先知先觉地把这些点滴串连起来。但是，十年后回顾这一切的时候，却豁然开朗，无比清晰。

再说一遍，你在向前看的时候，不可能将这些点滴串连起来，只有在往回看的时候可以。所以你必须坚信，这些点滴一定会在将来的某一天以某种形式串连起来。你必须执着于某些东西——你的勇气、命运、生命、因果，等等。这个想法屡试不爽，而且还是我生命中一切改变的源泉。

我的第二个故事是关于爱和失去

我很幸运，因为我很早就找到了自己爱做的事。我二十岁时和Woz在我父母的车库里面创立了苹果公司。我们努力工作，十年之后，苹果公司已经从车库里两个人的小打小闹发展成了拥有四千多名员工、价值二十亿美元的大公司。当时，我们最好的产品——Macintosh——才推出仅仅一年，我也刚刚年满三十。然后，我被解雇了。你怎么可能被你自己亲手创立的公司解雇呢？嗯，在苹果公司不断壮大的过程中，我们雇用了一个我觉得很有才能的人和我一起管理公司。第一年，一切顺利。但后来我们对未来的设想产生了分歧，最终我们吵了起来，当时董事会站在了他那边。所以，三十岁时，我出局了，在众目睽睽之下出局。我生命的支柱崩塌了，这次打击是毁灭性的。

在最初的几个月里，我真是不知道该做些什么。我觉得，我令上一代的企业家们失望了，我把他们传给我的接力棒弄掉了。我与David Pack和Bob Noyce见了面，为自己把事情弄糟向他们道歉。我的失败众所周知，我甚至想过逃离硅谷。但是，我渐渐想通了一些事情——我依然喜爱我做的事情，在苹果公司的滑铁卢丝毫没有改变这一点。我被解雇了，但我仍然喜爱我做的事情。所以，我决定东山再起。

我当时没有觉察，但后来发现，被苹果公司解雇可能是我这辈子发生的最好的事情。一个成功者的包袱没有了，有的只是一个初出茅庐者的轻松感觉，我对各种事情也不再那么胸有成竹。这让我轻装上阵，进入了我生命中最有创造力的阶段之一。

在之后的五年里，我创立了一家名叫NeXT的公司和一家叫Pixar的公司，并和一个非凡的女子坠入爱河，她后来成为了我的妻子。Pixar 制作了世界上第一部用电脑制作的动画电影《玩具总动员》。Pixar现在是全世界最成功的动画工作室。在一系列因缘际会之后，苹果公司收购了NeXT，我又回到了苹果公司。我们在NeXT开发的技术成了今天苹果公司复兴的关键。我还和Laurence建立了一个幸福的家庭。

我确信，如果我不被苹果公司解雇，这些事情都不会发生。这是苦口良药，但我觉得病人需要它。有些时候，生活会用砖头砸你的脑袋，但不要丧失信念。我坚信，让我前行的惟一动力，就是我在做自己喜爱的事情。你要找到你爱做的事情。工作如此，爱情也是如此。你的工作将会占据你生活中的很大一块。你只有相信自己在做着伟大的工作，才能真正心满意足。而做伟大的工作的前提，是你喜爱自己所做的事情。如果你现在还没有找到，那么继续找，不要停。只要是内心向往的东西，你就会找到。这和任何美好的爱情一样，随着岁月的流逝只会渐入佳境。所以继续找，直到你找到，不要停。

我的第三个故事是关于死亡

我十七岁时读到过一句话，大意是：“如果你把每一天都当作生命中最后一天去过，那么有一天你会走上人生的正轨。”这句话给我留下了深刻的印象。从那时起，之后33年的每天早晨，我都会对着镜子问自己：“假如今天是我生命中的最后一天，我会不会想要做今天本要做的事情？”只要连续很多天得到的答案都是“不”的时候，我就知道自己需要做些改变了。

牢记我即将死去是帮助我做出生命里重大决定的最重要手段。因为几乎所有的事情——所有外界的期待，所有的'荣耀，所有对难堪和失败的恐惧——所有这些在死亡面前都不堪一击，剩下的才是真正重要的东西。牢记你即将死去是我知道的最好的方法，可以使你避开觉得有所损失的思维陷阱。当你已经赤条条、无牵无挂的时候，就没有理由不去追随自己的心声。

大约一年前，我被诊断出患有癌症。我在早晨七点半做了一个扫描，清楚地显示在我的胰腺有一个肿瘤。我当时甚至不知道胰腺是什么东西。医生告诉我，可以肯定那是一种无法治愈的癌症，我还可以活三到六个月。我的我回家，安顿好我的一切，那是医生对临终病人的暗示。那意味着要把在未来十年对你小孩说的话在短短几个月里说完。那意味着把每一件事都安排妥当，让你的家人会尽可能轻松地生活。那意味着说再见。

我拿着那份诊断书过了一整天，那天晚上我做了一个活切片检查，医生将一个内窥镜从我的喉咙伸进去，通过我的胃，然后进入我的肠子，把一根针插进我的胰腺，在肿瘤上取了几个细胞。我当时被麻醉了，但我的妻子在那里。后来她告诉我，医生在显微镜下观察这些细胞时欣喜若狂，因为这是一种极其罕见的可以手术治愈的胰腺癌。我做了手术，现在我痊愈了。

那是我最接近死亡的时刻，我希望这也是在以后的几十年里我最接近死亡的一次。以前，死亡对于我只是一个有用的、但是仅限于知识层面的概念。从死亡线上活过来后，我现在可以更加确定地告诉你们：

没有人想死。即使是想上天堂的人，也不会以死亡为手段。但死亡又是我们每个人共同的终点，从来没有人能够逃脱。死亡就应该这样。因为死亡很可能是生命最好的一个创造。死亡是改变生命的因子，推陈出新。现在，你们是新的，但是不久之后，你们将会逐渐变旧，然后被清除。很抱歉，这样说太戏剧性，却是事实。

你们的时间是有限的，所以不要把它浪费在重复他人的生活上。不要被教条束缚——那是生活在他人思维的产物之下。不要让他人喧嚣的观点淹没你自己内心的声音。最重要的是，你要有勇气去追随你的心声和直觉。在某种程度上，它们知道你想要变成什么样子，其他的事都是次要的。

我年轻时，有一本精彩的书，名叫《全球目录》，它是我们那代人的圣经之一。它由一个叫Stewart Brand的人创办，创办地点是离这里不远的门罗公园。他如诗一般的魔力让这本书异彩纷呈。那是六十年代后期，还没有个人电脑和桌面出版，所以这本书全部是用打字机、剪刀还有偏光镜制作的。它有点像书本形式的Google，在真正的Google诞生的三十五年前：它是理想主义的，充满了灵巧的方法和非凡的想法。

Stewart和他的团队出版了几期《全球目录》，后来当它完成了自己的使命时，他们出版了最后一期。那是在七十年代的中期，当时我和你们现在一样大。在最后一期的封底上是一条清晨乡间道路的照片，就是那种如果你喜欢探险，自己搭便车会去的路。照片下方有这样一段话：求知若渴，大智若愚。这是他们停刊的告别语。求知若渴，大智若愚。这是我一直以来的座右铭。现在，在你们即将毕业，开始新的旅程的时候，我与你们共勉。

求知若渴，大智若愚。

谢谢大家！

乔布斯斯坦福大学毕业典礼演讲稿

i am honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world.truth be told, i never graduated from college.and this is the closest i’ve ever gotten to a college graduation.today i want to tell you three stories from my life.that’s it.no big deal.just three stories.今天，我很荣幸能和你们一起参加毕业典礼，斯坦福大学是世界上最好的大学之一，乔布斯斯坦福大学毕业典礼演讲稿。说实话，(虽然)我从来没有从大学中毕业，但今天是我生命中离大学毕业最近的一天了。今天我想向你们讲述我生活中的三个故事。不说大道理，就是三个故事而已。

the first story is about connecting the dots.第一个故事是关于如何把生命中的点点滴滴串连起来。

i dropped out of reed college after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before i really quit.so why did i drop out?

我在里德学院读了六个月之后就退学了，但是在十八个月以后，我还经常去学校。我为什么要退学呢?

it started before i was born.my biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption.she felt very strongly that i should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife.except that when i popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl.so my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: “we have an unexpected baby boy;do you want him?” they said: “of course.” my biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school.she refused to sign the final adoption papers.she only relented a few months later when my parents promised that i would someday go to college.this was the start in my life.故事要从我的出生说起。我的亲生母亲是一名年轻未婚的大学毕业生。她决定让别人收养我，她十分想让大学毕业生收养我。所以在我出生前，她已经准备一切，让一位律师和他的妻子收养。但是她没有料到，在我出生后，律师夫妇突然决定要一个女孩。所以，我的养父养母(他们当时还在候选名单上)突然在半夜接到了一个电话：“我们有一个意外降生的男婴，你们想收养他吗?”他们回答说： “当然!” 但是我亲生母亲随后发现，我的养母从未上过大学，我的养父高中没毕业。于是她拒绝签订收养合同。但在几个月以后，因为我的养父养母答应她一定要让我上大学，她才心软同意了。

and 17 years later i did go to college.but i naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as stanford, and all of my working-class parents’ savings were being spent on my college tuition.after six months, i couldn’t see the value in it.i had no idea what i wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out.and here i was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life.so i decided to drop out and would all work out ok.it was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions i ever made.the minute i dropped out i could stop taking the required classes that didn’t interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked far more interesting.在十七岁那年，我的确上大学了。但我天真地选择了一个几乎和斯坦福大学一样贵的学校，我父母还处于工薪阶层，为了交学费，他们几乎耗光所有积蓄。六个月后，我几乎看不到在学校的价值。我不知道(我生命中)要追求什么，我也不知道学校是否能帮我找到答案。但在学校，我将花光我父母这一辈子的积蓄。所以，我决定退学，并且我相信车到山前必有路。(不可否认)，我当时非常害怕，但现在回头来看，这个决定是我一生中最明智决定之一。在我做出退学决定后，我再也不用去上那些我丝毫没有兴趣的必修课，我开始去听那些看起来有趣的课程。

it wasn’t all romantic.i didn’t have a dorm room, so i slept on the floor in friends’ rooms, i returned coke bottles for the 5￠ deposits to buy food with, and i would walk the 7 miles across town every sunday night to get one good meal a week at the hare krishna temple.i loved it.and much of what i stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on.let me give you one example:

这一点也不罗曼蒂克。没了宿舍，所以我要到朋友家睡地板;为了填饱肚子，我捡过值5美分的可乐罐;为了每周一顿的好一点的饭，每个星期天晚上，我穿街过巷，步行7英里到hare krishna教堂。我喜欢那里的饭菜。在好奇和直觉的引导下，我跌跌撞撞地遇到很多东西，这些后来被证明是无价瑰宝。我给你们举一个例子吧：

reed college at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country.throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed.because i had dropped out and didn’t have to take the normal classes, i decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this.i learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great.it was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can’t capture, and i found it fascinating.那时候，里德学院的书法课程也许是全美最好的。学校里的每个海报，抽屉上的每个标签，上面全都是漂亮的书法。因为我退学了，没有了正常的课程，所以我决定去上/书法课，去学学怎样写出漂亮的字。我学到了san serif 和serif字体，我学会了怎么样在不同的字母组合之中变化间距，还有怎么样做最好的版式。那种美感、真实感和艺术感，是科学永远不能捕捉到的，(我发现)那实在是太迷人了。

none of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life.but ten years later, when we were designing the first macintosh computer, it all came back to me.and we designed it all into the mac.it was the first computer with beautiful typography.if i had never dropped in on that single course in college, the mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts.and since windows just copied the mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them.if i had never dropped out, i would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do.of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when i was in college.but it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.当时这些东西似乎在我生命中没什么可用之处。但十年之后，当我们在设计第一台macintosh计算机的时候，就全部派上用场。我把当时我学的那些东西全都融入到mac。那是拥有漂亮字体的第一台计算机。如果我当时没有退学，我没机会沉迷于书法课程，mac就不会有种类繁多或的行距整齐的字体。如果windows没有抄袭mac，个人电脑很可能就不会这么多字体。如果我没有退学，我不会沉迷于书法课程，个人电脑很可能就不会这么多字体。当然了，我在学校的时候不可能把这些点点滴滴提前串连起来。但在十年之后回顾过去，这些东西历历在目。

again, you can’t connect the dots looking forward;you can only connect them looking backwards.so you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.you have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever.this approach has never let me down, and it would made all the difference.再说一次，你不可能把这些点点滴滴提前串连起来;你只能在回顾的时候把它们串连起来。所以你必须相信这些点点滴滴是和你的未来项链的。你必须要相信某些东西：直觉、命运、生命、因缘等等。这个方法从未让我失望过，它让我与众不同。

my second story is about love and loss.我的第二个故事是关于爱和失去。

i was lucky — i found what i loved to do early in life.woz and i started apple in my parents garage when i was 20.we worked hard, and in 10 years apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees.we had just released our finest creation — the macintosh — a year earlier, and i had just turned 30.and then i got fired.how can you get fired from a company you started? well, as apple grew we hired someone who i thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well.but then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out.when we did, our board of directors sided with him.so at 30 i was out.and very publicly out.what had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.我非常幸运，因为我在很早的时候就找到了我钟爱的东西。我在二十岁的时候，沃兹和我在父母的车库里面开创了苹果公司。我们努力工作，十年之后，苹果从只有两个的穷小子的车库公司，发展到了员工超过四千名、市值超过二十亿的大公司。在公司成立的第九年，我们刚刚发布了最好的产品——macintosh。我也快要到而立之年了。后来，我被炒鱿鱼了。你怎么可能被你自己创立的公司炒了鱿鱼呢? 在苹果快速成长的时候，我们雇用了一个很有天分的家伙和我一起管理这个公司，在最初的几年风调雨顺。但是后来我们对公司未来的看法有了分歧，最终我们吵了起来。当吵的不可开交的时候，董事会站在了他的那一边。所以在三十岁的时候，我被炒鱿鱼了。公开地把我扫地出门了。曾经是我整个生命的中心已经不再有了，这让我不知所措。

i really didn’t know what to do for a few months.i felt that i had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down – that i had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me.i met with david packard and bob noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly.i was a very public failure, and i even thought about running away from the valley.but something slowly began to dawn on me — i still loved what i did.the turn of events at apple had not changed that one bit.i had been rejected, but i was still in love.and so i decided to start over.有几个月，我真是不知道该做些什么，演讲稿《乔布斯斯坦福大学毕业典礼演讲稿》。我觉得我很令上一代的企业家们很失望，因为我把他们交给我的接力棒弄丢了。我把事情搞砸了，我和(创办hp的)david packard和(创办intel的)bob noyce见面，并试图向他们道歉。在公众面前，我是个失败者，我甚至想过逃离硅谷。但我后来慢慢看到了曙光，我仍然喜爱我从事的一切。在苹果发生的**，并没有丝毫改变这一点。虽然我被驱逐了，但是我仍然钟爱我所做的事情。所以我决定从头再来。

i didn’t see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me.the heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything.it freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.我当时没有觉察，但是事后证明，被苹果扫地出门是我这一生经历的最好的事。因为，作为一个创业者的轻松感觉重新替代作为一个成功者的负重感，不要把每件事情都看得那么重。它(扫地出门)把我释放出来，让我进入了我生命中最有创造力的一个阶段。

during the next five years, i started a company named next, another company named pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife.pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, toy story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world.in a remarkable turn of events, apple bought next, i returned to apple, and the technology we developed at next is at the heart of apple’s current renaissance.and laurene and i have a wonderful family together.在接下来的五年里，我创立了一个名叫next的公司，还有一个叫pixar的公司，还有和一位魅力女士相识并相爱，她后来成为我的妻子。pixar 制作了全球第一部由电脑制作的动画电影——“玩具总动员”，pixar现在也是全球上最成功的电脑制作工作室。在随后一系列运作中，苹果收购了next，我重返苹果。我们在next研发的技术是苹果重焕生机的关键。而且，我还和laurence共同建立了一个幸福完美的家庭。

i’m pretty sure none of this would have happened if i hadn’t been fired from apple.it was awful tasting medicine, but i guess the patient needed it.sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick.don’t lose faith.i’m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that i loved what i did.you’ve got to find what you love.and that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers.your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work.and the only way to do great work is to love what you do.if you haven’t found it yet, keep looking.and don’t settle.as with all matters of the heart, you’ll know when you find it.and, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on.so keep looking.don’t settle.如果苹果没有开除我的话，我可以非常肯定，这其中的任何一件事情都不会发生的。虽然这剂良药的味道非常苦涩，但我这个病人需要它。虽然命运有时候会拿起板砖，猛拍你的脑袋。但你不要失去信仰。我很清楚，唯一使我一直走下去的，就是我钟爱着我从事的事。你必须去找到你所钟爱的东西。对于你的工作是如此，对于你的爱人亦如此。你的工作将会占据你的大部分生活时间，你惟一获得成就感方法就是相信你从事工作是高尚的;做高尚工作的惟一方法就是钟爱你的事业。如果你还没有找到，那么你要继续寻找，不要半途而废。心中有信念，你就会找到的。而且，这和其他任何事情一样，随着岁月流逝，它会越来越好。所以，不要半途而废，继续寻找。

my third story is about death.我的第三个故事是关于死亡的。

when i was 17, i read a quote that went something like: “if you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.” it made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, i have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: “if today were the last day of my life, would i want to do what i am about to do today?” and whenever the answer has been “no” for too many days in a row, i know i need to change something.在我十七岁的时候，我曾看过一句名言：“如果你把每一天看成是生命中的最后一天，那么有一天你会发现你是正确的。”这句话我印象颇深。从那时开始已有33年了，每个早晨，我都会对着镜子问自己：“如果今天是我生命中的最后一天，你会不会完成你今天想做的事情呢?”如果连续几天的答案都是“不”的时候，我知道我要做些改变了。

remembering that i’ll be dead soon is the most important tool i’ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life.because almost everything — all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure – these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important.remembering that you are going to die is the best way i know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose.you are already naked.there is no reason not to follow your heart.谨记我随时死去，这是我一生中遇到的最有帮助的工具，它帮我做出了生命中重要的抉择。因为几乎所有的事情，包括所有的荣誉、所有的骄傲、来自难堪和失败所有的恐惧，这些在死亡面前统统消亡，剩下的爱是真正重要的东西。谨记我随时死去，这是我所知道的，来避开将要失去的一些东西的陷阱的最好方法。人生不带来，死不带去，我们没有理由不随心而安。

about a year ago i was diagnosed with cancer.i had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas.i didn’t even know what a pancreas was.the doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that i should expect to live no longer than three to six months.my doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor’s code for prepare to die.it means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you’d have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months.it means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family.it means to say your goodbyes.大概一年以前，我被诊断出癌症。早晨七点半，我做了一个检查，检查结果清楚地显示我胰腺有一个肿瘤。我当时甚至都不知道胰腺是什么东西。医生告诉我这是很可能一种无法治愈的癌症，我仅剩三到六个月的时间活在世上。我的医生建议我回家打理后事，这是医生对临终病人的标准程序。这也就是说，我必须在短短几个月之内，要把未来十年对你小孩说的话全部交待完;这也就是说，我要把事情安排妥当，让你的家人会尽可能轻松的生活;这也就是说，我要和他们说“再见了”。

i lived with that diagnosis all day.later that evening i had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor.i was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery.i had the surgery and i’m fine now.我拿着那个诊断书过了一整天。那天晚上，我又作了一个活切片检查，医生把一个内窥镜从我的喉咙伸进去，穿过我的胃，进入我的肠道，在我的胰腺上的肿瘤上，用一根针取了一些细胞。我当时打了麻醉/药，不醒人事，但是我的妻子一直在那里。她后来告诉我，当医生在显微镜下观察这些细胞，最后他们发现这些细胞竟然是一种非常罕见的可以用手术治愈的胰腺癌症细胞，于是他们都大叫起来。我做了这个手术，现在我痊愈了。

this was the closest i’ve been to facing death, and i hope its the closest i get for a few more decades.having lived through it, i can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:

那是我和死神距离最近的一次，我也希望这是以后几十年中的最近一次。以前我只把死亡看作是个概念，但经历此事后，我可以更肯定地对你们说：

no one wants to die.even people who want to go to heaven don’t want to die to get there.and yet death is the destination we all share.no one has ever escaped it.and that is as it should be, because death is very likely the single best invention of life.it is life’s change agent.it clears out the old to make way for the new.right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away.sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.没人想死，即便人们想上天堂，也是想活着去那里。但是人必有一死，你我都无法逃脱。这也本该如此，因为“死亡”很可能就是“生命”中最杰出的发明。它是生命的轮回，它为新生事物清理道路。现在你们是新生的，但终有一天，你们将逐渐变老，直至谢幕。很抱歉，我讲的这么戏剧化，但这就是现实。

your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life.don’t be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people’s thinking.don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice.and most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition.they somehow already know what you truly want to become.everything else is secondary.人生有限，所以不要把时间浪费在重复其他人的生活上;不要被教条束缚，那意味着你的思维和其他人没什么不一样;不要被其他人喧嚣的观点掩盖你真正的内心的声音。还有最重要的是，你要有勇气去跟随你直觉和心灵，因为它们在某种程度上已经知道你想要成为什么样子。所有其他的事情都是次要的。

when i was young, there was an amazing publication called the whole earth catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation.it was created by a fellow named stewart brand not far from here in menlo park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch.this was in the late 1960′s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras.it was sort of like google in paperback form, 35 years before google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.在我年轻的时候，有一本振聋发聩的杂志叫做《全球目录》，它是我们那一代人的圣经之一。它是由一位叫stewart brand的家伙在离这里不远的门罗帕克主刊的，他神奇般地将这本书带到了这个世界。那是六十年代后期，也就是在个人电脑出现之前，这本书完全是用靠打字机、剪刀还有偏光相机做出来的。它有点像用软皮包装的google，它比google早三十五年出现，它是理想主义的，其中包含了许多灵巧的工具和伟大的见解。

stewart and his team put out several issues of the whole earth catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue.it was the mid-1970s, and i was your age.on the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous.beneath it were the words: “stay hungry.stay foolish.” it was their farewell message as they signed off.stay hungry.stay foolish.and i have always wished that for myself.and now, as you graduate to begin anew, i wish that for you.stewart和他的团队出版了几期的《全球目录》，当它完成了自己使命的时候，他们发布了最后一期的。那是在七十年代的中期，我正好是你们这个的年纪。在最后一期的封底上，有一张乡村公路清晨的照片(如果你有冒险精神的话，你可以自己找到这条路的)，在照片下方有这样一句话：“求知若饥，虚心若愚。”这是他们停刊的告别语。“求知若饥，虚心若愚。”我总是希望自己能够那样。现在，在你们即将毕业，开始新的征程的时候，我也希望你们能这样：

stay hungry.stay foolish.求知若饥，虚心若愚。

thank you all very much

非常感谢你们!