初二阅读理解教案

第一篇：初二阅读理解教案

语文阅读考试技巧总汇

一、描绘类

提问方式：某句话中某个词换成另一个行吗？为什么？或：文章的某个句子说成另一个句子好不好？为什么？

答题模式：不行。因为该词生动具体（形象、准确）地写出了＋对象＋效果，换了后就变成＋不好的效果。或：不行，因为该词比另一词的感情更强烈（或该词比另一词更切合对象的性格特征）。

答题示例：山间林密，泉隐其中，有时，泉水在林木疏朗处闪过亮亮的一泓，再向前寻，已不可得。那半含半露、欲近故远的娇态，使我想起在家散步时，常常绕我膝下的爱女。每见我伸手欲揽其近前，她必远远地跑开，仰起笑脸逗我；待我佯作冷淡而不顾，她却又悄悄跑近，偎我腰间。好一个调皮的孩子！（节选自谢大光《鼎湖山听泉》）

问：“好一个调皮的孩子”，为什么不说成“真是可爱的孩子”？

答：因为“好一个”比“真是”感情更强烈，“调皮”比“可爱”更切合爱女的性格特征。

二、结构类

提问方式：某两个或三个词的顺序能否调换？为什么？

答题模式：不能。因为（1）与人们认识事物的规律（由浅入深、由表入里、由现象到本质）不一致（2）该词与上文是一一对应的关系（3）这些词是递进关系，环环相扣，表达了……

答题示例：“记住：想占便宜的人，往往占不到便宜！”父亲指着碗里的荷包蛋告诫儿子……“记住，想占便宜的人，可能要吃亏！”父亲指着蛋教训儿子说……“不想占便宜的人，生活也不会让他吃亏！”父亲意味深长的对儿子说。（节选自《荷包蛋》）

问：文中的“告诫”“教训”“意味深长”三个词的顺序能否调换？为什么？

答：不能。因为文中这三个词语是递进关系，表达了父亲对儿子的关爱之情。循序渐进通过加强语气来表达出让儿子了解生活本质的一种关爱心理。

三、修辞类

提问方式：这句话运用了什么修辞方法？这样写在表达上有什么好处？答题模式：确认修辞手法＋修辞本身的作用＋结合句子语境 1.比喻、拟人：生动形象地写出了＋对象＋特性。

2.排比：有气势，加强语气，一气呵成；层层铺开，逐步扩大，对点明主旨起强化作用，条理清晰，节奏鲜明，增强语势，长于抒情等；强调了＋对象＋特性 3.对比：强调了……突出了……

4.设问：自问自答，引人注意，启发思考，引起读者对＋对象＋特性的注意和思考

5.反问：态度鲜明，加强语气，强烈抒情，表强调，加强语气等； 6.反复：强烈抒情，富有感染力；强调了＋加强语气 7.夸张：突出特征，揭示本质，给读者以鲜明而强烈的印象。8.对偶：形式整齐，音韵和谐，互相映衬，互为补充。

答题示例：两千多年前的这个关于知音的传说，已经深深地珍藏在无数华夏子孙的心坎里，有时发出细微的声响，让人们欣慰地咀嚼和回味；有时却又像飓风似地咆哮，催促人们赶快付诸行动。神往和渴求充满了崇高友谊的知音，是一种多么纯洁而神圣的情操。（节选自2002年全国卷《话说知音》）

问：怎样理解这一段中“有时发出细微的声响，让人们欣慰地咀嚼和回味；有时却又像飓风似地咆哮，催促人们赶快付诸行动”的表达作用？

答题模式：此处运用了比喻、比拟的修辞手法，比拟赋予事物以人的性格、思想、感情和动作，使物人格化，比喻形象生动、简洁凝练地描写事物、讲解道理从而达到形象生动的效果。在文章中运用比喻、比拟能够形象生动地表达了知音的传说带给人们的美感和鞭策作用。

二、有关布局谋篇的题型:

提问方式：某句（段）话在文中有什么作用？ 答题模式：

1.文首：开篇点题；照应题目；总领全文；渲染气氛，埋下伏笔；设置悬念，为下文作辅垫。

2.文中：承上启下；总领下文；总结上文；呼应前文。

3.文末：点明中心；升华感情，深化主题；照应开头，结构严谨；画龙点睛；言有尽而意无穷。

答题示例：我怕我父亲，他打我是真打。看着他瞪圆了眼，一步一步逼近，还不敢躲，绷紧了肌肉等着，于是一巴掌扇过来，于是脑袋嗡的一声……（节选自韩羽《父子之间的怯意》）

问：请简析第一自然段（即上文）在作品中的作用。

答：（1）为下文写父亲对“我”的爱作反衬；（2）为文末写父亲对“我”的怯意作铺垫；（3）照应了“父子之间的怯意”这个题目。专项训练

亲情如水绵延不绝

王

猛

什么样的思绪在安静的夜晚里悄悄泛起，随即便涨满整个心房?是什么样的感动在一个毫不相关的瞬间突然掠过心头，让我们不由自主地回忆往事?是祖父粗糙的手掌，是外婆慈祥的笑容，是父亲不苟言笑的脸庞，是母亲没完没了的叮咛，是兄弟姐妹互相争吵嬉闹的画面……一张张平凡如水的剪影沉淀在岁月之河的深处，随着时间的流逝，和年龄一起慢慢变得深沉耐读。

是生命中最难忘的感动——亲情。

情没有隆重的形式，没有华丽的包装，它不需要费心费力地呵护，它逶迤在生活的长卷中，如水般静静地流淌在我们生活的每一个角落，悄悄滋养、温暖着我们的身体和心灵。亲情是饭桌窗前的谈笑，是柴米油盐间的琐碎细腻；是满怀爱意的一个眼神，是求全责备的一声抱怨；是离别后辗转难眠的牵挂，是重逢时相对无语的瞬间。一个简单的电话，一句平常的问候，都是对亲情最生动的演绎和诠释。

亲情是最朴素最美丽的情感，它不像爱情那样浓郁热烈，也不像友情那样清新芬芳，它缠绵不绝、余韵悠长。它不似爱情那样缘于两情相悦，也不像友情那样有着共同的需求，它和我们的血脉相连，与我们的生命相始终。爱情也许会流散死亡，友情也可能反目成仇，只有亲情永远是我们心中最温柔的角落。虽然我们常常会因为它平常而忽视它，因为它朴素而忘记它，可是当我们伤痕累累、身心疲惫时，我们最先想到的却是它，只有它会不计得失，敞开胸怀接纳我们。

亲情不是浓烈的醇酒，不是甜美的饮品，它只不过是一杯纯净平淡的白开水，虽然无色无味，却是我们生活中须臾不能离开的。亲情中自有一份纯朴和自然，不用刻意雕琢，早已悄悄浸润我们的指尖脉络。

在纷繁的红尘中，因为有亲情在，不管距离远近，无论喧嚣寂寞，我们的心始终是温暖幸福的。

亲情如水，纯净透明，绵延不绝……

1．本文主要运用了哪些修辞手法?结合文章谈谈其作用。

2．亲情有哪些本质特征?请你从文中摘选词句并写在下面的横线上。

3．阅读第③段，请在文中的横线上续写一句。这句话是

4．品味并分析下列语句，指出其表达作用及含义。亲情如水，纯净透明，绵延不绝……

5．亲情是相互的，我们为人子女的不能只求父母长辈付出。请从“孝”的角度谈谈如何孝敬父母。

答案：

1．主要用了排比、设问、比喻的修辞手法。好处：以设问开头，具有吸引力。③④⑤段使用排比，句式整齐，结构清晰。文章还有许多优美的比喻，使“亲情”更加形象可感。

2．没有浓重的形式，没有华丽的包装；最朴素最美丽；纯净平淡。3．示例：一个不经意的眼神。

4．运用比喻的修辞手法结束全篇，对亲情做了全面总结，以亲情喻水，使亲情化虚为实，真实可感。

5．示例：青少年不能一味安于父母的无私奉献，要积极回报父母、体谅父母，做孝敬父母的好孩子。

大自然的语言

几千年来，劳动人民注意了草木荣枯、候鸟去来等自然现象同气候的关系。据以安排农事。杏花开了，就好像大自然在传语要赶快耕地；桃花开了，又好像在暗示要赶快种谷子。布谷鸟开始唱歌，劳动人民懂得它在唱什么：“阿公阿婆，割麦插禾。”这样看来，花香鸟语，草长莺飞，都是大自然的语言。

这些自然现象，我国古代劳动人民称它为物候。物候知识在我国起源很早。古代流传下来的许多农谚就包含了丰富的物候。到了近代，利用物候知识来研究农业生产，已经发展为一门科学，就是物候学。物候学记录植物的生长荣枯，动物的养育往来，如桃花开、燕子来等自然现象，从而随着时节推移的变化和这种变化对动植物的影响。

物候观测使用的是“活的仪器”，是活生生的生物。它比气象仪器复杂得多，灵敏得多。物候观测的数据反映气温、温度等气候条件的综合，也反映气候条件对于生物的影响。应用在农事活动，比较简便，容易掌握。物候对于农业的重要性就在这里。

1、第1自然段中杏花、桃花、布谷鸟分别用了“传语”、“暗示”、“唱歌”三个词，作者这样写在修辞手法和内容上与 “大自然的语言”或“语言”保持了一致。2．根据所供材料，请你给物候学下个定义（所填不超过15字）。

物候学就是利用物候知识来研究农业生产的科学。文中划

的句子分别采用了举例子和作比较 说明方法。

3.第2自然段对物候知识、物候学的介绍古代、近代的顺序是时间顺序 4.第3自然段的内容是写物候对于农业的重要性(不超过12个字)。

5、第一自然段中所选的三个例子能否调换顺序，为什么？

A、紧扣“草木荣枯，候鸟去来”这句；B、前两中是植物后一种是动物；C、按季节顺序举例。

6.请联系你所观察到的生活实际举一个物候现象的例子(用一、二句话表述)，或举出一个含有物候学道理的谚语。

如“月晕午时风”“山雨欲来风满楼”“朝霞不出门，晚霞行千里”“东虹轰隆西虹雨”

第二篇：初二英语阅读理解

初二第六周英语阅读

A

One fine winter day some ants were working in the field.They were very busy.Just then a grasshopper（蚱蜢）passed by.“Good day, kind ants,” said the grasshopper.“I am very hungry.Won't you lend（借给）me a little food?（AI will pay you before the next autumn.” “Have you no food of your own?（B）You know there was much food in the field last summer.What were you doing then?” asked an old ant.The grasshopper answered;“I（C）all day and night during the summer.And so I had no time to gather any food.Please lend me some food.” “Well, then,” said the ant.“（D）You only played and did not work during the summer.We'll never lend you any food.”（E）1.将（A）处画线句子翻译成英语。

2.写出（B）处画线句子的同义句。3.根据上下文可知在（C）处应填入的单词或词组是

4.从下列句子中选择合适的句子填入文中（D）处。

A.You sang very well and we all liked your songs very much.B.You could sing all the summer, you also could dance all the winter.C.You are one of the best singers here and we cheer you.D.Would you like to perform one for us?

5.将（E）处画线句子翻译成汉语。B

Do you get angry when your friends sing loudly while you are trying to walk ? Or when your best friend does not wait for you after school?

If you do, you need to take control of(控制)your feelings and stop getting angry so easily.Getting angry with people can cause you to lose friends.Gary Egeberg, an American high school teacher , has written My Feelings Are Just Like Wild Animals to help you control your feelings.It tells teens how to stay cool when bad things happen to them.The book says that getting angry only makes problems worse.It can never make them better.Getting angry is not a natural（自然的）way to act.The book says you can control your anger easily----all you have to do is tell yourself not to be angry.When a baby falls over, it only cries if people are watching it.Like a baby, you should only get angry if you are sure it is the right thing to do.The book gives many tips to help you get angry easily.Here are our top three:

1.Keep a record.Every time you get angry ,write down you are angry.Look at it later and you will see you get angry too easily.2.Ask your friends to stop talking to you when you get angry.This will teach you not to be angry.3.Do something different.When you get angry, walk away from problem and go somewhere else Try to laugh!

1.The writer wants to tells us ______.A.not to get angryB.to walk hard at school

C.to do more exerciseD.to help each other

2.The writer thinks that if you get angry easily you will ______.A.get ill very easilyB.lose your friendsC.put on weight easilyD.eat less

3.My Feelings Are Just Like Wild Animals is a ___A.storyB.bookC.picture D.film

4.My Feelings Are Just Like Wild Animals mainly tells us ______.A.what to readB.how to readC.how to stay coolD.how to learn English well

5.In the fourth paragraph, the underlined（画线的）word “it” refers to（指的是）______.A.the bookB.angerC.habitD.the baby

C

It was Mother’s Day.John was so busy with his work that he couldn’t go back home.When he passed by a flower shop in the evening , an idea came to his mind.“ I’ll send Mom some roses.While John was picking his flowers , a young man went inside.“ How many roses can I get for only five dollars, Madam?” he asked.The assistant was trying to tell him roses were as

expensive as forty dollars a dozen（一打）.Maybe he would be happy with carnations.“ No, I have to have red roses.” He said: “ My mom was badly ill last year and I didn’t get to spend much time with her.Now I want to get something special, and it has to beroses, as roses are her favorite.”

After hearing it, John said he would pay the rest of the money for the young man.Moved by both of them, the assistant said, “Well, lovely young men, thirty dollars a dozen, only for you.” Taking the roses ,the young man almost jumped into the air and ran out of the shop.It was well worth twenty-five dollars John paid to see the exciting moment.Then John paid for his dozen of roses and told the assistant to send them to his mother.As he walked out, he felt nice.Suddenly he saw the young man crossing the street and going into a park.But soon he realized it was not a park but a cemetery（坟墓）.Crying, the young man carefully laid the roses, “ Mom, oh , Mom, why didn’t I tell you I loved you when you were with me?”

1.The assistant tried to ask the young man to buy carnations of roses because ______

A.carnations are nicer than rosesB.roses were saved for John

C.roses were more expensive than carnationsD.carnations were special flowers for Mother’s Day

2.Do you know what is the meaning of the underlined word?

A.郁金香B。康乃馨C。玫瑰D。菊花

3.John spent ___ altogether（总共）in the flower shop that day.A.$5B.$25C.$30D.$55

4.The young man cried at the tomb（坟墓）because he ______.A.had spent all his money on the roses

B.wasn’t able to tell his mother he loved her by himself

C.felt sorry to ask John to pay for his sick mother

D.hadn’t got enough money for his sick mother

5.The writer writes the passage to tell us “______”

A.Buy roses for your mother when she is ill

B.Let your mother know how much you love her

C.Work hard to get more money for your mother

D.Send your mother flowers on Mothers’ Day

D

It was the final examination for physics at a school.The examination was two hours long, and exam papers were given.The teacher was very strict and told the class that any exam paper which was not on his desk in two hours would be refused(拒绝)and the student would fail（不及格）.A half hour into the exam, a student came rushing in and asked the teacher for an exam paper.“You're not going to have time to finish this,” the teacher said slowly as he gave the student a paper.“Yes, I will,” answered the student.He then took a seat and began writing.After two hours, the teacher began to call for the exam papers, and the students stood up and put them on the teacher’s desk, all except the late student, who went on writing.A half hour later, the last student came up to the teacher who was sitting at his desk and busy writing something.He tried to put his exam paper on the stack（摞）of the other papers already there.“No, you can't, I'm not going to take that in.It's late.”

The student became worried.He thought for a while, then he asked the teacher in a low voice,“ Do you know WHO I am?”

“No, surely I don't,” answered the teacher.“DO YOU KNOW WHO I AM?” The student asked again.“No, and I don't care,” said the teacher in a louder voice.“Good,” answered the student, who quickly put his paper in the middle of the stack of exam papers, and rushed out of the room.1.What did the teacher do before the exam began?

A.He called the names of the students in the classroom.B.He helped the students write the papers.C.He told the students some rules about the exam.D.He said he was very strict and no one can pass it.2.Why did the student ask “Do you know who I am?” twice?

A.He would play a joke on the teacher.B.He wanted to tell the teacher he was angry.C.He was afraid that he would fail the exam.D.He already had a plan in his mind.3.What do you think of the teacher’s attitude(态度)to the late student?

A.He was friendly.B.He was polite.C.He was cold.D.He was careless.E

Diving or Drowning

A rich young man decided that he would like to do some diving in the sea, so he bought a rubber suit and all the other things that he needed, and took some lessons at a diving school.Then one day he walked into the water by himself and began to explore the bottom of the sea.He saw a lot of beautiful fish and other things, and then, after half an hour, he suddenly saw a man waving his arms and legs around wildly near the bottom of the sea.He was wearing only a bathing suit.The rich young man was very surprised to see him, so he took out a plastic

notebook and a special pencil, which could write under water, and wrote, “What are you doing here?”

He showed the notebook to the other man, who then took the pencil and wrote, “Drowning!”

1.What did the rich young man want to do?A.driving B.diving C.walking D.swimming

2.How did he prepare himself for this?

A.He bought all the things needed for diving.B.He took a diving lesson.C.He bought a rubber suit and a bathing suit.D.both a and b.3.What did he first see at the bottom of the ocean?

A.some fishB.some plantsC.a man with a bathing suitD.a man with a diving suit

4.What did he see later?

A.some sea animalsB.some rocksC.a man with a bathing suitD.other things

5.What was the man doing?A.swimmingB.divingC.searching for fishD drowning

6.What was he wearing?

A.a rubber suitB.a swimming suitC.a diving suitD.a bathing suit

7.What did the rich young man do?

A.He talked with him.B.He pulled the man out of water.C.He communicated with the man by writing.D.He gave his suit to the man.8.What did the other man write in the notebook?A.It’s none of your business.B.Who are you?C.What are you doing here?D.Drowning

第三篇：初二英语阅读理解(含答案)

英语阅读

A A young man asked Albert Einstein , the great German scientist , what the secret of success is.The scientist told him that the secret of success is hard work.A few days later the young man asked the same question again.Einstein was very annoyed ． He did not say anything ,but wrote a few words on a piece of paper.On it was written: A=X+Y+Z.“What does this mean ?” asked the young man.“A means “ success”” explained the old scientist.“X stands for hard work ,Y for good method(方法)and Z Z means stop talking and get down to work.” 1.The young man _________.A.wanted to meet Einstein B.wanted to be a great scientist like Einstein C.was eager(渴望)to know the secret of success D.wanted to be a student of Einstein 2.In Einstein’s opinion the secret of success was ________.A.to work with great energy(精力，活力)B.to study hard day and night C.to learn from great scientists D.to raise(提出)questions as many as you could 3.“Y” stands for _______.A.hard work B.great energy C.great success D.good manner(方法)4.The word “annoyed” means ________.A.angry B.sad C.lovely D.glad 5.Einstein was a man who ______ A.liked to talk with young people B.liked to help others C.liked to make friends with young people D.liked to work , but didn’t like to talk

B British newspapers are much smaller than they used to be and their readers are often in a hurry ,so newspapermen write as few words as possible.They tell their readers at once what happened ,where ,when and how it happened and what was the result : how many people were killed ,what change was done and so on.Readers want the fact(事实)set out as fully and accurately as possible.Readers are also interested in the people who have seen the accident.So a newspaperman always likes to get some information(信息)from someone who was there, which can be given in the person’s own words.Because he can use only a few words ,the newspaperman must choose those words carefully ,every one must be effective(有效).Instead of “he called out in a loud voice”, he writes” he shouted”;instead of “the loose stones rolled noisily down the side of the mountain”, he will write” they thundered down the mountainside”.Because many of the readers aren’t very clever, and most of them are in a hurry.1.From the text, we learn that newspapermen write as few words as possible ,because readers___.A.want to know more about the news B.take no interest in what has happened

英语阅读

3.The old man got up and ran in his room to ________.A.keep healthy B.Forget he was sad and hungry C.Make him warm D.Find a way to forget he was hungry 4.The old man shouted outside the police station because______ A.he hated Hitler very much B.he hoped the policeman could help him C.he wanted to make the policemen angry D.he thought the he would be given some food in prison(监狱)5.Which statement is true? A.The old policeman hated Hitler , too B.The old policeman found that the old man his best friend C.The old policeman would send the old man in prison D.The old policeman liked Hitler better than pigs

D Miss Gorgers taught physices in a New York school.Last month she explained to one of her classes about sound, and she decided to test them to see how successful she had been in her explanation.She said to them, “Now I have a brother in Los Angeles.If I was calling him on the phone and at the same time you were 75 feet away, listening to me from across the street, which of you would hear what I said earlier, my brother or you and for what reason?”

Tom at once answered, “Your brother.Because electricity travels faster than sound waves.” “That’s very good,” Miss Gorgers answered;but then one of the girls raised her hand, and Miss Gorgers said, “Yes, Kate?”

“I disagree,” Kate said.“Your brother would hear you earlier because when it’s 11 o’clock here it’s only 8 o’clock in Los Angeles.” 1.Miss Gorgers was teaching her class.A.how to telephone

B.about electricity C.about time zone（时区）

D.about sound 2.Miss Gorgers asked this question because she wanted to know whether.A.it was easy to phone to Los Angeles

B.her student could hear her from 75 feet away C.her students had grasped（理解）her lesson D.sound waves were slower than electricity 3.Tom thought that electricity was.A.slower than sound waves

B.faster than sound waves C.not so fast as sound waves D.as fast as sound waves 4.Kate thought Tom was wrong because.A.clocks in Los Angeles showed a different time from those in New York B.electricity was slower than sound waves C.Tom was not good at physics at all D.Tom’s answer had nothing to do with sound waves 5.Whose answer do you think is correct acoording to the law of physics? A.Tom’s B.Kate’s C.Both A and B D.Neither A nor B

英语阅读

a long beard（胡子）and takes good care of it.It was Sunday yesterday.There was a big football match of the year on the playground in the centre of the city.Mr.King likes the game very much and of course he was going to watch it.With his friends’ help he got a ticket a few days ago.After breakfast he hurried to the bus stop, but a lot of people were waiting there.A bus came and he hardly got on.There were plenty of people in it and it was difficult for them to put their feet.He had to grip（抓住）the back of a chair.At the next stop a boy got on the bus.He looked around and saw Mr.King’s beard and grip it.The man found it at once and called out, “Let go of（松开）my beard, boy!”

“Are you going to get off, sir?” asked to boy.11.Mr.King is a.A.player B.runner

C.teacher D.driver 12.Mr.King was going to watch the match because.A.he teaches P.E.in a middle school B.he likes football very much C.he had already got a ticket

D.he didn’t go to work yesterday 13.It was difficult for Mr.King to stand because.A.he had drunk too much B.the bus was too small C.he got on the bus too late D.it was very crowded in the bus 14.The boy gripped Mr.King’s beard because.A.he was afraid to fall again

B.he wanted to make the man angry C.he hoped the man to find a seat for him D.he hoped the man to get off soon 15.Mr.King was afraid , so he shouted at him.A.the boy would pull him down B.the boy would hurt his beard C.the boy could be hurt again

D.the boy would borrow his ticket

G My friend is a taxi drives.He has been a taxi driver for ten years.It’s a nice job most of the time.He can meet a lot of people.He always works at night because there is too much traffic during the day.He usually goes home between two o’clock in the morning.There are some very strange things, which often happen at night.One day my friend was taking a woman back home from a party at three o’clock in the morning.She had her little dog with her.When they got to her house, she found she had lost her key.So my friend waited in the car with the dog while she climbed in through the window.My friend waited and waited.After half an hour of honking he decided to find out what was going on.He tied the dog to a tree and started to climb in through the window.At that moment some policemen came.They thought my friend was a thief.Luckily, the woman came downstairs.She must have gone to sleep and forgotten about my friend and the dog.16.The driver always works at night because it is easier to.A.drive B.climb in through window C.make money D.meet a lot of people 17.The woman climbed in through the window because.A.she wanted to have a sleep B.her husband didn’t open the door for her C.she didn’t want to pay the money D.she couldn’t find her key 18.The story happened.英语阅读

D.The three men had to land because they felt cold.I Americans with small families own a small car or a large one.If both parents are working, they usually have two cars.When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van(住房汽车)A small car can hold(容纳)four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded(拥挤).A van hold seven persons easily, so a family three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel They could all travel together.Mr.Hagen and his wife had a third child last year.This made them sell a second car and buy a van.Their children sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family of five must carry many suitcases(衣箱)when they travel.When they arrive at their grandparents’ home, the suitcases are brought into the two seats can then carry the grandparents.Americans call vans motor homes.A motor home is always used for holidays.When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks.All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together.That is why motor homes have become very popular.In America there are many parks for motor homes.6.From the passage, a van is also called ____________.A.a motor car B.a motor home C.a motorbike D.a big truck 7.Before Mr.Hagen and his wife bought a van, they__________.A.sold their old house B.moved to their grandparents’ house C.built a new place for a van D.sold their second car 8.A motor home is usually owned by a family with__________.A.a baby B.much money C.more than two children D.interest in vans 9.Americans usually use motor homer____________.A.to travel with all the family members of holiday B.to do some shopping with all the family members C.to visit their grandparents at weekends D.to drive their children to school every day 10.Motor homes have become popular because___________.A.they can take people to another city when people are free B.they can let families have a happier life when they go out for their holidays C.some people think motor homes are cheap D.big families can put more things in motor homes

J One day he went on a long way alone.Before he left home，his wife said，Now you have all these things.You need them on your way.Take care of your things on the way.He went to the station.He bought a ticket and got on the train with it.About an hour later，the conductor began to see the tickets.He came to the old man and said，Will you please show me your ticket?The old man looked for his ticket in all his pockets but he could not find it.He was very worried.I cant find my ticket.I really bought a ticket before I got on the train，said the old man.I think you are right.I believe you bought a ticket.All right，you dont have

英语阅读

A few days later，Mrs.Weeks read another newspaper story to the class Some school pupils brought toys to Children’s Hospital last week.The toys were made by the pupils of Grade Three in Green Street School.The doctor said，We have never had so many wonderful toys.Our children are very happy with them.They say，‘THANK YOU，GRADE THREE.’

1.What was the first newspaper story mainly(主要)about? A.Sick children in Children’s Hospital B.Doctors in Children’s Hospital.C.Mrs.Weeks and her students.D.Toys made by the boys and girls.2.What idea did Mrs.Weeks have in mind? A.Ask the class to give some money to the children in the hospital.B.Ask the class to send some of their own toys to the children in the hospital.C.Let the class make some toys themselves and give them to the children in the hospital.D.Tell the class to go to see the children in the hospital.3.Doctors in Children’s Hospital didn’t have ____ to keep the children happy and quiet.A.enough time B.enough boys and girls C.get money to buy toys for D.enough doctors 4.At first，the doctors in Children’s Hospital wanted to ____ the sick children.A.give some money to B.make some toys for C.get money to buy toys for D.borrow some toys for 5.What Mrs Weeks really wanted to do is to ____.A.let everyone know her class B.save some money for toys C.make herself famous D.teach the pupils to do things themselves and be helpful to others

L Mr Smith made many tests(作试验)with different animals and the monkey was the cleverest of all the animals.One day Mr Smith put a monkey in a room.He also put some small boxes in it.In one of the boxes there was some food.“ How long will it take the monkey to find the food? ” Mr Smith said to himself.“ Let me wait and see.” He left the room and waited outside.Three minutes later, he put his eye to the keyhole(钥匙眼).What did he see? He saw the eye of the monkey.The monkey was on the other side of the door and looked at Mr Smith through the keyhole.1.Mr Smith made tests with __________.A.different animals B.the monkey only C.all the monkeys D.all of the cleverest animals 2.There was some food in _______ of the small boxes.A.some B.none C.one D.each 3.Mr Smith put a monkey and some boxes in a room because he wanted to know___________.A.how much food monkey could find B.how many boxes the monkey could carry C.how long it would take the monkey to put its eye to the keyhole

第四篇：初二英语阅读理解练习题

英语阅读理解练习题

(A)Mr Smith made many tests(作试验)with different animals and the monkey was the cleverest of all the animals.One day Mr Smith put a monkey in a room.He also put some small boxes in it.In one of the boxes there was some food.“ How long will it take the monkey to find the food? ” Mr Smith said to himself.“ Let me wait and see.” He left the room and waited outside.Three minutes later, he put his eye to the keyhole(钥匙眼).What did he see? He saw the eye of the monkey.The monkey was on the other side of the door and looked at Mr Smith through the keyhole.1.Mr Smith made tests with __________.A.different animals B.the monkey only C.all the monkeys D.all of the cleverest animals 2.There was some food in _______ of the small boxes.A.some B.none C.one D.each 3.Mr Smith put a monkey and some boxes in a room because he wanted to know___________.A.how much food monkey could find B.how many boxes the monkey could carry C.how long it would take the monkey to put its eye to the keyhole D.how long it would take the monkey to find the food 4.What was the monkey doing when Mr Smith was putting his eye to the keyhole? A.The monkey was eating food.B.The monkey was looking for food.C.The monkey was eating on the other side of the door.D.The monkey was looking at Mr Smith through the keyhole.5.Mr Smith is a ________.A.teacher B.scientist(科学家)C.doctor D.farm worker(B)Do you need friends? I'm sure your answer is “Yes,of course.Everybody does!” You need friends when you play and when you work.If you have friends, you will feel happy.If you have no friends.you will feel lonely(寂寞的).Do you know how to make friends? There is only one good way—You make friends by being friendly.A friendly person is interested in other people.He is always helpful if you want to make friends with a new classmate, you can talk with him, tell him about the other classmates in your class and try your best to be helpful to him.6.We need friends __________.A.because we must play with them B.Because we must work with them C.when we play and when we work D.when we talk with them 7.If we want to make friends, we should __________.A.be politely to them B.be friendly to them.C.be afraid of them D.when we talk with them.8.A friendly person is _________ other people.A.interested in B.worried about C.surprised at D.like them 9.If we want to make friends with a new classmate, ___________.A.we can talk with them B.we must try to help him C.we can tell him about the other classmates in our class D.A、B and C 10.Which of the following is true? A.No one needs friends.B.Everyone needs friends.C.Only classmates need friends.D.Someone needs friends.英语练习题(A)In the world ,soccer of football is the most popular sport.This is because many countries have wonderful teams for the World Cup.The World Cup is held every four years.To remember 2002 FIFA World Cup ,children from different countries and more than 60 children from Japanese schools came together and spent three weekends drawing a big picture called“Dream(梦幻)World Cups”in Japan.The children drew animals, flowers and people playing soccer under a bule bright sky.They wished each football team good luck by drawing the flags(旗帜)of all the countries that will take part in the World Cup in Japan and South Korea.The picture was put up in a park near a playground in Yokohama.Some football teams will have games there.Are you a football fan(迷),The World Cup makes more and more people interested in football.Teenagers(青少年)like playing and watching football.Many of them love some football stars so much that they get the pictures of their favourite players on the walls of their rooms.That is the way to show their love for the World Cup as children in Japan.1.If a country wants to take part in the World Cup ,she must have______.A.Many football fans B.a very good team C.many football player D.a big playground 2.The next World Cup will be held in_______.A.2006 B.2007 C.2005 D.2004 3.From the passage ,in the picture children drew many things except_________.A.people playing football B.pictures of some football stars C.a sunny sky D.flowers 4.In“Dream World Cup”,the children drew the flags of some countries______.A.to show their love for their owe country B.to tell the people their stories C.to show their good wishes for the football teams D.to show their new ideas about football 5.Many teenagers owe the pictures of some football stars because______.A.they are interested in football B.they are football fans C.they think their favourite players are great D.all of A,B and C(B)In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business.But he was not a good artis.So he invented a very simple camera(照相机).He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden.That was the first photo.The next important date in the history of photography(摄影术)was in 1837.That year ,Daguere,another Frenchman ,took a picture of his reading room.He used a new kind of camera in a different way.In his picture you could see exerything very clearly ,even the smallest thing.This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.Soon, other people began to use Daguerre's way.Travellers brought back wondeful photos from all around the world.people took picture of famous buildings,cities and mountains.In about 1840, photography was developed.Then photographers could take picture of people and moving things.That was not simple.The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines.But this did not stop them ,for example,some in the United Ststes worked so hard.Mathew Brady was a famous American photographers.He took many picture of great people.The picture were unusual beause they were very lifelike(栩栩如生的)Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century.Some photos were not just copies of the real world.They showed feelings,like other kinds of art.6.The first photo taken by Niepce was a picturte of ____________ A.his business B.his house C.his garden D.his window 7.The Daguerrotype was____________.A.a Frenchman B.a kind of picture C.a kind of camera D.a photographer 8.If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to__________.A.watch lots of films B.buy an expensive camera C.stop in most cities D.take many films and something else with him.9.Mathew Brady______________.A.was very lifelike B.was famous for his unusual pictures C.was quite strong D.took many pictures of moving people 10.This passage tells us_____________.A.how photography was developed B.how to show your ideas and feelings in pictures C.how to take pictures in the world D.how to use different cameras(C)Americans with small families own a small car or a large one.If both parents are working, they usually have two cars.When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van(房车)A small car can hold(容纳)four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded(拥挤).A van hold seven persons easily, so a family, three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel.They could all travel together.Mr.Hagen and his wife had a third child last year.This made them sell a second car and buy a van.Their children sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family of five must carry many suitcases(衣箱)when they travel.When they arrive at their grandparents'home , the suitcases are brought into the two seats ,then they can carry the grandparents.Americans call vans motor homes.A motor home is always used for holidays.When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks.All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together.That is why motor homes have become very popular.In America there are many parks for motor homes.11.From the passage, a van is also called ____________.A.a motor car B.a motor home C.a motorbike D.a big truck 12.Before Mr.Hagen and his wife bought a van, they__________.A.sold their old house B.moved to their grandparents'house C.built a new place for a van D.sold their second car 13.A motor home is usually owned by a family with__________.A.a baby B.much money C.more than two children D.interest in vans 14.Americans usually use motor home____________.A.to travel with all the family members of holiday B.to do some shopping with all the family members C.to visit their grandparents at weekends D.to drive their children to school every day 15.Motor homes have become popular because___________.A.they can take people to another city when people are free B.they can let families have a happier life when they go out for their holidays C.some people think motor homes are cheap D.big families can put more things in motor homes 试题

一、Tom arrived at the bus station quite early for Paris bus.The bus for Paris would not leave until five to twelve.He saw a lot of people waiting in the station.Some were standing in line(排队), others were walking around.There was a group of schoolgirls.Their teacher was trying to keep them in line.Tom looked around but there was no place for him to sit.He walked into the station cafe(咖啡馆).he looked up at the clock there.It was only twenty to twelve.He found a seat and sat down before a large mirror(镜子)on the wall.Just then, Mike, one of Tom’s workmates came in and sat with Tom.“What time is your bus?” asked Mike.“There’s plenty of time yet,” answered Tom.“Well, I’ll get you some more tea then,” said Mike.They talked while drinking.Then Tom looked at the clock again.“Oh!It’s going backward(倒行)!” he cried.“A few minutes ago it was twenty to twelve and now it’s half past eleven.”

“You’re looking at the clock in the mirror.” said Mike.Tom was so sad(难过).The next bus was not to leave for another hour.Since then Tom has never liked mirrors.根据以上短文内容，从下列各题所给的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。

1、Tom went into the station cafe because.A(Mike asked him to have a cup of tea B(it was quite early and he could find a seat there C(he didn’t like to stay with the schoolgirls D(he wanted to have a drink with his workmate there

2、What time was it in fact when Tom looked at the clock in the mirror? A(Half past twelve B(Twenty to twelve C(Half past eleven D(Half past one

3、From the story we know that when we look at a clock in a mirror, we will find.A(the time is right B(it’s going slower C(it’s going backward D(it’s going faster

4、Which of the following is true? A(Tom arrived in Paris on time B(The next bus would leave in half an hour C(After that, Tom didn’t like clocks any longer D(Tom looked at the clock in the mirror only once

5、Which of the following is the title(题目)of the story? A(The Mirror of the Station B(Not A Careful Man C(Missing A Bus D(The Clock In The Mirror

二、When Mr.David retired(退休),he bought a small house in a village near the sea.He liked it and hoped to live a quiet life in it.But to his great surprise, many tourists(游客)came to see his house in summer holidays, for it was the most interesting building in the village.From morning to night there were tourists outside the house.They kept looking into the rooms through the windows and many of them even went into Mr.David’s garden.This was too much for Mr.David.He decided to drive the visitors away.So he put a notice on the window.The notice said: “If you want to satisfy your curiosity(好奇心), came in and look round.Price(价格): twenty dollars.” Mr.David was sure that the visitors would stop coming, but he was wrong.More and more visitors came and Mr.David had to spend every day showing them around his house.“I came here to retire, not to work as a guide(导游).” he said angrily.In the end, he sold the house and moved away.根据短文内容，从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择正确答案。

1、Mr.David’s house was that many tourists came to see it.A(so small B(so quiet C(so interesting D(such interesting

2、Mr.David put a notice on the window in order.A(to drive the visitors away B(to satisfy the visitor’s curiosity C(to let visitors come in and look round D(to get some money out of the visitors

3、The notice made the visitors.A(more interested in his house B(lost interest in his house C(angry at the unfair price D(feel happy about the price

4、After Mr.David put up the notice.A(the visitors didn’t come any longer B(fewer and fewer visitors came to see his house C(more and more tourists came for a visit D(no tourist would pay the money for a visit

5、At last he had to sell his house and move away because.A(he did not like it at all B(he could not work as a guide C(he made enough money and wanted to buy a new expensive house D(he could not live a quiet life in it

三、Sigmund Freud was a world-famous doctor of Vienna(维也纳).He was also a man full of humour(幽默).Once, at his 70th birthday party, a friend asked Freud how he could put his work into several words.“Well,” said Freud, “we take the sick out of their trouble and return them to the common suffering.”

As a devoted(忠实的)son, Freud often visited his old mother.His mother usually spent her summers in a small mountain town in Austria(奥地利).The King Josef usually spent his summers there, too.One day in the summer, a band(乐队)was playing a lively tune(曲子)when Freud’s mother was sitting at the window and watching the people singing and dancing on Main Street.The old woman had a poor memory.She heard the band playing, but forgot it was the King’s birthday.Freud was visiting his mother on her 95th birthday.He told his mother, “Mama, the band is playing for your birthday.” She believed him and had a wonderful day.根据短文内容，从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择正确答案。

1、Freud was a famous of.A(doctor, Austria B(general, Vienna C(King, Austria D(doctor, Australia

2、From what Freud said at his 70th birthday party, we can see that he was.A(a brave man B(a sick man C(a devoted man D(a man full of humour

3、One day Freud came to the small mountain town for.A(his 70th birthday B(the King Josef’s birthday C(his mother’s birthday D(for his holiday

4、Which of the four sentences is wrong? A(Freud’s mother and the King Josef usually spent their summers in the same place.B(Freud’ mother’s birthday and the King’s birthday were on the same day.C(Freud’s mother was so old that her memory was very bad.D(She knew that the band was playing for the King.5、Freud’s mother felt very happy on her 95th birthday because.A(the King Josef himself came to celebrate(庆贺)her birthday B(the people of the town came out to celebrate her birthday C(she believed that the band was playing for her birthday D(she heard the band playing a lively tune so wonderfully

四、We each have a memory(记忆力).That’s why we can still remember things after a long time.Some people have very good memories and they can easily learn many things by heart, but some people can only remember things when they say or do them again and again.Many of the great men of the world have got surprising memories.A good memory is a great help in learning a language.Everybody learns his mother language when he is a small child.He hears the sounds, remembers them and then he learns to speak.Some children are living with their parents in foreign countries.They can learn two languages as easily as one because they hear, remember and speak two languages every day.In school it is not so easy to learn a foreign language because the pupils have so little time for it, and they are busy with other subjects, too.But your memory will become better and better when you do more and more exercises.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

1、Some people can easily learn many things by heart because.A(they always sleep very well B(they often eat good food C(they read a lot of books D(they have very good memories

2、Everybody learns his mother language.A(at the age of six B(when he is a small child C(after he goes to school D(when he can read and write

3、Before a child can speak, he must.A(read and write B(make sentences C(hear and remember the sounds D(think hard

4、In school the pupils can’t learn a foreign language well because.A(they have no good memories B(they have no recorders C(they have too much time for it D(they are busy with other subjects

5、Your memory will become better and better.A(if you have plenty of good food B(if you do more and more exercises C(if you do morning exercises every day D(if you get up early

五、We spent a day in the country and picked a lot of flowers.Our car was full of flowers inside!On the way home we had to stop at traffic lights, and there my wife saw the bookshelf.It stood outside a furniture(家具)shop.“Buy it,” she said at once.“We’ll carry it home on the roof-rack(车顶架).I’ve always wanted one like that.”

What could I do? Ten minutes later I was twenty dollars poorer, and the bookshelf was tied on to the roof rack.It was tall and narrow, quite heavy too.As it was getting darker, I drove slowly.Other drivers seemed more polite than usual that evening.The police even stopped traffic to let us through.Carrying furniture was a good idea.After a time my wife said, “There’s a long line of cars behind.Why don’t they overtake(超车)?”

Just at that time a police car did overtake.The two officers(警官)inside looked at us seriously when they went past.But then, with a kind smile they asked us to follow their car through the busy traffic.The police car stopped at our village church(教堂).One of the officers came to me.“Right, sir,” he said.“Do you need any more help now?” I didn’t quite understand.“Thanks, officer,” I said.“You’ve been very kind.I live just down the road.”

He was looking at our things: first at the flowers, then at the bookshelf.“Well, well,” he said and laughed.“It’s a bookshelf you’ve got there!We thought it was——er, something else.”

My wife began to laugh.Suddenly I understood why the police drove here.I smiled at the officer.“Yes, it’s a bookshelf, but thanks again.” I drove home as fast as I could.1、From the story we know that.A(the writer was poor and didn’t buy the bookshelf for his wife B(the writer’s wife didn’t like the bookshelf at all C(the writer was always glad to buy something for his wife D(the writer was not very glad to buy the bookshelf for his wife

2、What made the writer think that carrying furniture was “a good idea”?

A(He could drive slowly and it was safe.B(Other drivers would let him go first.C(His wife could use a new bookshelf.D(He could save a lot of money and time.3、Why were the police and other drivers so kind to the writer? A(Because they thought the writer liked studying very much and needed a bookshelf.B(Because they didn’t think it was polite to overtake a car with a bookshelf on it.C(Because they thought somebody in the writer’s family had died and he needed help.D(Because they thought it was dangerous to carry a bookshelf on a car.4、Why did the writer’s wife begin to laugh?

A(Because now she knew what mistake the police had made.B(Because at last her husband understood why the police had driven to the church.C(Because the officer was always looking at the flowers and the bookshelf.D(Because the police had helped them a lot.5、When did the officers begin to realize(意识到)they had made a mistake? A(Before they arrived at the church.B(Before they overtook(overtake的过去式)the writer’s car.C(After one of them looked at the flowers and the bookshelf carefully at the church.D(After the writer’s family left the church.六、Mr.and Mrs.Bell are very forgetful(健忘的).For example, Mr.Bell sometimes goes to his office for work on Sunday morning, for he thinks it is Monday.And Mrs.Bell sometimes forget to cook supper for the family.One summer they planned(计划)to fly to New York for their holidays.They got to the airport only ten minutes before the plane took off.So time was short.But suddenly Mrs.Bell said she must tell Alice, their daughter,not to forget to lock the front door when she went to school.As Alice was then at school, they couldn’t tell her about it by telephone.So they hurried to the post office.Mrs.Bell wrote a short note to Alice while Mr.Bell bought a stamp and an envelope(信封).Soon the note was ready.They put the stamp on the envelope in a hurry and dropped it in the letter box, but suddenly Mrs.Bell began to cry.The short note was still in her hand.She had put the plane tickets in the envelope.根据短文内容判断各句是否符合短文意思，符合的划“?”，否则划“×”。

1、Mr.Bell is so forgetful that sometimes he takes Sunday for Monday and goes to work on Sunday morning.2、One summer they planned to fly to New York to see their daughter.3、There was no telephone at the airport, so they had to write a note to Alice.4、In a hurry they dropped their tickets in the letter box.5、Suddenly Mrs.Bell began to cry because she had forgotten to put the stamp on the envelope.答案:ACDDB CBADB

第五篇：理解教案

第三单元 第一课

第一课时

内乡县王店初中

理解与宽容理解

周继芳

第三单元 第一课

理解与宽容

第一课时

理解

内乡县王店初中

周继芳

一、教学内容分析：

《理解与宽容》第一课时是粤教版八年级《思想品德》第三单元《相处有方》的第一课题第一课时的内容。在此之前，学生们已经学习了第二单元《善待他人》,懂得了待人的基本原则；本单元是第二单元内容的延续和扩展，帮助学生进一步掌握与人相处的道德准则、相处艺术和相处技巧。通过学习，使学生懂得理解是人与人和谐相处的基本要求，只有做到理解他人、才能建立和谐融洽的人际关系。学会理解也为后面学习《欣赏与赞美》的相处艺术和技巧教学做了铺垫。可见本课题在第二单元与第三单元知识体系中起到了承上启下的作用，处于十分关键的地位。

二、学生学习情况分析：

八年级学生喜欢与人交往，具有一定的情绪控制能力及社会经验。大多数学生很少甚至没有受过挫折，深受父母长辈疼爱。自我意识强烈，缺少应有的对同伴的关心与爱护，对长辈的理解与尊重，导致了不少学生的自我中心倾向。他们又正处于情绪情感的敏感期，人际误解和矛盾冲突时常发生。不和谐的人际关系会让他们感到困惑和苦恼，他们渴望了解其中的原因，但他们还没有清楚地认识到形成和谐人际关系方面自己的责任，不太懂得人际相处中需要相互理解与宽容，更不知道如何作到理解与宽容。所以学会理解、懂得理解对这个年龄阶段的学生尤为重要。

三、教学目标：

1、知识目标：知道理解的内涵，认识理解在建立和谐人际关系中的重要作用；学习如何做到理解他人。

2、能力目标：学会理解他人；以尊重和善意积极与人交往沟通；学会理解他人，自觉在生活中拓展自己的眼光和胸怀；学会避免和化解误解与纠纷的技巧，营造和谐的人际关系。

3、情感态度、价值观目标:认识理解在人际关系中的重要性，克服“以自我为中心”的心态和行为方式，努力把自己培养成为一个设身处地为他人着想的人，懂得尊重他人，为他人着想，有宽以待人的胸怀，能将心比心，体谅他人，检讨自我，化解矛盾。

四、教学重点：让学生认识理解在建立和谐人际关系中的重要性、学会理解他人。

教学难点：克服“以自我为中心”的心理，在行动中真正做到体谅、尊重他人，理解他人。

教学方法：

1、目标教学法

2、情景教学法

3、讨论法

4、活动探究法

五、教学过程设计：

（一）导入新课： 情景导入法：

先让学生欣赏老师课前准备的特殊图片，让学生知道同样的画，从不同的角度看，有不同的结果。说明看问题的角度、立场不同，对同一事物就会有不同的理解。从而引出课题：理解。

（二）新课教学

自学提纲：

1、为什么人们之间需要理解？

2、理解他人的内涵是什么？

3、怎样才能做到理解他人？

温馨提醒：时间5分钟，自己阅读，看书批注，并把问题写在书的空白处；把回答的内容用序号标出。

自学反馈:检查自学效果。深化理解：

1、人们之间需要理解

（课堂活动一）为了加深学生对理解重要性的认识，结合探究园我设计了如下课堂互动练习“你说我说”：

a、同学之间没有理解就不能_________________。

b、师生之间没有理解就不能_________________。

c、亲子之间没有理解就不能_________________。

在学生讨论、发言的基础上老师进一步提问“既然同学们都懂得理解的重要性，那么我们又应该怎样去做呢？”

2、在人际交往中，如何理解她人？

（1）理解他人的含义：就是超越狭隘的个人经验和个人好恶，以开放的胸怀去体察他人的处境、感受和想法，从而消除误解与隔阂，造就和谐融洽的人际关系。

（2）怎样理解他人？（课堂活动二）在这个问题我先创设情景进行了课堂活动：遇到下列情况，我该怎么办？讨论并说说理由：

a、朋友不赞同你的意见，与你意见有分歧

b、同桌的墨水不小心溅到你的衣服

c、老师批评你上课不认真，你觉得冤枉

（在学生讨论的基础上老师进一步指出）

尊重—善意—沟通是学会理解的重要方法：

尊重是理解的前提；善意使理解成为可能；达到理解需要积极的沟通

3、总结得出：怎样理解他人？ ①、要学会尊重，因为尊重是理解的前提；②、要满怀善意，因为善意使理解成为可能；③、要学会积极的沟通（主动接近、真心赞美、坦诚交流、细心领会）

（三）知识梳理：强化记忆

（四）学以致用

▲单项选择（下列各题的四个选项中，只有一个最符合题意）

1、社会是由千差万别的个人组成的。建立和谐的人际关系必须由＿＿开始（）。

A、消除差异

B、树立自信

C、消除误解

D、相互理解

2、理解的前提是（）

A、尊重

B、宽容

C、善意

D、沟通

3、对同一件事，不同的人会站在不同的立场，给出不同的解读，表达不同的情绪。当你就某社会事件的看法与好友产生分歧时，你会（）A、对好友持否定、排斥和嘲笑的态度 B、因好友关系而放弃自己独立的思考 C、对好友不同的看法持积极理解的态度 D、强烈地要求好友与自己的看法一致

▲多项选择（下列各题的四个选项中，至少有两个符合题意）

4、为了“驱邪”、图吉利、庆祝“乔迁之喜”，某市经常有人在夜里零点整或是早上6点整燃放鞭炮，对周边居民的休息以及身体虚弱的老人造成很大的影响。燃放“扰民炮”的人（）

A、没用心体察他人的处境和感受

B、应换位思考，明白他人的要求 C、积极弘扬中华民族的传统文化

D、没有做到理解他人和尊重他人

5、要做到理解他人，就要（）A、懂得尊重别人

B、设身处地体谅别人的处境和感受

C、相处中努力做到主动地接近，坦诚地交流 D、满足他人的任何意愿和要求

辨析：只要学会尊重就能理解别人。答：①理解他人就是超越狭隘的个人经验和个人好恶，以开放的胸怀去体察他人的处境、感受和想法，从而消除误解与隔阂，造就和谐融洽的人际关系。

②理解别人首先要尊重别人，因为尊重是理解别人的前提。没有尊重，就不会实现理解。

③理解别人，要满怀尊意地去理解别人，要和别人换位思考。只有这样，才能设身处地体谅别人的处境和感受，才能站在对方的角度考虑问题，从而才会理解别人。

④理解别人还要善于和别人积极沟通。(五)课堂总结：

通过本节课的学习，大家了解了理解的内涵，懂得了理解的意义，掌握了理解自己、理解别人的小故事，让我们真正体验了理解的魅力。让我们在以后的生活中，学会理解别人吧！做一个理解的践行者！为造就和谐人际关系、构建和谐社会而努力！