TED励志演讲稿：怎么讲话别人才更愿意听

第一篇：TED励志演讲稿：怎么讲话别人才更愿意听

人类的声音： 是我们所有人都弹奏的乐器。可能是这个世界上最有力的声音。它绝无仅有，或能引起战争，或能说我爱你。

然而，很多人有这种经历，当他们说的时候，人们并不在听。这是为什么呢? 我们怎样有力地说 而让世界发生某种改变? 我所提议的是，我们需要改变一些习惯。在此我为你们收集整理了，说话的七宗罪。我没打算假装这是一个详细的列表，但这七个，我以为是我们相当容易犯的坏习惯。

第一就是：流言蜚语

在背后说某些人的坏话。这不是一个好习惯，我们都很明白 那个说闲话的人在五分钟以后 就会在别人跟前说我们的闲话。

第二，评判

我们知道有些人在谈话中是这样的，这让人很难听进别人的话，如果你知道你被人评判 且被认为不合格。

第三，消极

你能陷入这个泥潭。我的母亲，在她生命的最后几年里，变得非常非常消极，很难让人听她说话。我记得有一天，我对她说，今天是十月一号，她说，我知道，这不可怕吗? 当某人那么消极的时候是很难让人听进去的。

另外一种消极，就是抱怨

这是英国的全国性艺术。是我们的全国性运动。我们抱怨天气，体育和政治，几乎每件事，但实际上抱怨是病毒性的悲催，它不会在这个世界上传播太阳和光明。

借口

我们都遇上过这个家伙。也许我们都曾经是这个家伙。有些人有指责癖好。他们怪罪任何人 而不是对自己的行为负责任，所以，这又是让人难以聆听的一种。

七件里面的老六，倒数第二，浮夸，吹牛

它有时贬低了我们的语言，事实上。比如，如果我看见 什么真的很神奇的事情，那我该说什么呢?(笑声)当然这种夸大后来就变成了说谎。彻头彻尾的说谎，我们就不想听 这种我们知道会说谎的人。

最后是，固执己见

把事实和意见混淆。当这两件事混为一谈，你就像在听风一样。你知道，有人用他们自己的意见来强迫你。这很难让我们听讲。

这就是说话的七宗罪。我认为这些是我们需要避免的。

但有没有比较正面的呢? 的确有。我想建议四种我们可以牢靠站立的，真正强有力的基石或者基础，如果我们想让我们的言语有力 并且让世界产生变化。

幸运的是，这些事情连起来是一个单词。这个词就是hail，它有着特别好的定义。我不是讲那个天上掉下来的，砸在你头上的东西。我在谈论的是热情地致敬或赞扬这个定义。我认为我们的言辞会如此被接受，如果我们坚持这四件事。

那么它们到底是什么呢? 看看你是否能猜到。

H，代表了诚实(Honesty)，当然，说真话，直接了当并且清楚明白。

A，代表了真实(Authenticity)，做一个自然而然的自己。我的一个朋友把它描述为 坚持真实的自己，我觉得这是一个优美的表述。

I，代表了正气(Integrity)，言而有信，说到做到，成为别人能信任的人。

L，代表爱(Love)。我不是指罗曼蒂克的爱情，而是指对别人有良好的祝愿，这出于两个原因。第一，我认为绝对的诚实，也许不是我们所想要的。我的意思是，天哪，今天早上你真难看。那可能不必要。诚实是很重要的。当然，适当地带着爱。但还有，当你真的很希望别人好，就很难同时评判他们。我不知道你们是否能同时做到这两点。那么hail。

上面提到的是你所说的内容。另外，就像老歌里唱的，你所说的很重要，还有你的表达方式也很重要。你有一个很神奇的工具盒。里面有难以置信的工具，然而这个工具盒只有不多的人打开过。

我愿意跟你们在这里 做一点儿探查，并且找出几种工具。你也许想拿来试一下，这些将会增加你说话的力量。

比如说，音域

假声大部分时候可能是没用的，但在两者之间会有一种是有用的。对于在座的语音教练们，我不会在这个问题上很深入。然而，你能定位你的声音。如果我把声音提到鼻子这儿，你可以听出不同。如果我把声音降到嗓子这里，这是我们大部分人大多数时候所做的。但是如果你想有份量，你需要降到胸腔。你听出了不同吗? 我们给声音低沉的政治家投票，那是真的，因为我们把深沉 和权力、权威联系在一起。那是音域。

然后我们再说音色

那是你的声音让人感觉如何。研究显示我们喜欢那种 丰厚，平滑，温暖，像热巧克力一样的声音。当然如果你没有那样的声音，这也不是世界末日。因为你可以训练。去找到一个声音教练。你可以做很神奇的事情，利用呼吸，姿势，还有锻炼 来提高你嗓音的音色。

然后是韵律

我喜欢韵律。那是唱歌，是元语言，我们用来传送意味。在谈话中是意思的根基。那种说话一个声调的人 很难让人听讲，如果他们没有一点儿韵律。那就是单调这个词的来源，或者说枯燥无味，一成不变。我们还有重复性的韵律，每个句子的结尾好像是一个疑问句，但事实上，它不是疑问句，而是陈述句。(笑声)如果你一遍一遍地重复某个东西，它会限制你 用韵律来交流的能力，我认为这是一件憾事，让我们努力打破那个习惯。

语速

我可以非常非常兴奋地 飞快地说着什么，或者我能慢下来强调，在结尾处，当然是我们的老朋友，沉默。在讲话中，有一点儿沉默 没关系，是吗? 我们不需要用嗯 和 啊来填充。沉默就很有力。

当然，音调常常跟语速一起 来指示兴奋度，但你能仅仅用音调就显示出来。你把我的钥匙放在哪儿啦? 你把我的钥匙放在哪儿啦? 那么轻微的差别 在这两个表达中。

最后，是音量

我能用音量表示极端的兴奋。如果我打扰了任何人的话，抱歉。或者，我能用很轻的声音 让你认真地注意。有人全程一直都在说话。别那样。那叫做公放音乐，把你的声音不假思索 和草率地强加给别人。不好。

当然，这些工具真正发挥作用的地方，是当你有什么很重要的事情要做的时候。这可能是像这样站在演讲台上 对着人演讲。它可能是求婚，要求加薪，或者婚礼上的讲话。不管是什么，如果它非常重要，你应该看着这个工具盒，以及将要工作运行的发动机，没有预热的发动机不会好好工作。预热你自己的声音。

第二篇：TED励志英文演讲稿

我知道你们在想什么，你们觉得我迷路了，马上就会有人走上台温和地把我带回我的座位上。（掌声）。我在迪拜总会遇上这种事。“来这里度假的吗，亲爱的？”（笑声）“来探望孩子的吗？这次要待多久呢？ 恩，事实上，我希望能再待久一点。我在波斯湾这边生活和教书已经超过30年了。（掌声）这段时间里，我看到了很多变化。现在这份数据是挺吓人的，而我今天要和你们说的是有关语言的消失和英语的全球化。我想和你们谈谈我的朋友，她在阿布达比教成人英语。在一个晴朗的日子里，她决定带她的学生到花园去教他们一些大自然的词汇。但最后却变成是她在学习所有当地植物在阿拉伯语中是怎么说的。还有这些植物是如何被用作药材，化妆品，烹饪，香草。这些学生是怎么得到这些知识的呢？当然是从他们的祖父母，甚至曾祖父母那里得来的。不需要我来告诉你们能够跨代沟通是多么重要。but sadly, today, languages are dying at an unprecedented rate.a language dies every 14 days.now, at the same time, english is the undisputed global language.could there be a connection? well i dont know.but i do know that ive seen a lot of changes.when i first came out to the gulf, i came to kuwait in the days when it was still a hardship post.actually, not that long ago.that is a little bit too early.but nevertheless, i was recruited by the british council along with about 25 other teachers.and we were the first non-muslims to teach in the state schools there in kuwait.we were brought to teach english because the government wanted to modernize the country and empower the citizens through education.and of course, the u.k.benefited from some of that lovely oil wealth.但遗憾的是，今天很多语言正在以前所未有的速度消失。每14天就有一种语言消失，而与此同时，英语却无庸置疑地成为全球性的语言。这其中有关联吗？我不知道。但我知道的是，我见证过许多改变。初次来到海湾地区时，我去了科威特。当时教英文仍然是个困难的工作。其实，没有那么久啦，这有点太久以前了。总之，我和其他25位老师一起被英国文化协会聘用。我们是第一批非穆斯林的老师，在科威特的国立学校任教。我们被派到那里教英语，是因为当地政府希望国家可以现代化并透过教育提升公民的水平。当然，英国也能得到些好处，产油国可是很有钱的。okay.now this is the major change that ive seen--how teaching english has morphed from being a mutually english-speaking nation on earth.and why not? after all, the best education--according to the latest world university rankings--is to be found in the universities of the u.k.and the u.s.so everybody wants to have an english education, naturally.but if youre not a native speaker, you have to pass a test.言归正传，我见过最大的改变，就是英语教学的蜕变如何从一个互惠互利的行为变成今天这种大规模的国际产业。英语不再是学校课程里的外语学科，也不再只是英国的专利。英语（教学）已经成为所有英语系国家追逐的潮流。何乐而不为呢？毕竟，最好的教育来自于最好的大学，而根据最新的世界大学排名，那些名列前茅的都是英国和美国的大学。所以自然每个人都想接受英语教育，但如果你不是以英文为母语，你就要通过考试。now can it be right to reject a student on linguistic ability well, i dont think so.we english teachers reject them all the time.we put a stop sign, and we stop them in their tracks.they cant pursue their dream any longer, till they get english.now let me put it this way, if i met a dutch speaker who had the cure for cancer, would i stop him from entering my british university? i dont think so.but indeed, that is exactly what we do.we english teachers are the gatekeepers.and you have to satisfy us first that your english is good enough.now it can be dangerous to give too much power to a narrow segment of society.maybe the barrier would be too universal.但仅凭语言能力就拒绝学生这样对吗？譬如如果你碰到一位天才计算机科学家，但他会需要有和律师一样的语言能力吗？我不这么认为。但身为英语老师的我们，却总是拒绝他们。我们处处设限，将学生挡在路上，使他们无法再追求自己的梦想，直到他们通过考试。现在容我换一个方式说，如果我遇到了一位只会说荷兰话的人，而这个人能治愈癌症，我会阻止他进入我的英国大学吗？我想不会。但事实上，我们的确在做这种事。我们这些英语老师就是把关的。你必须先让我们满意，使我们认定你的英文够好。但这可能是危险的。把太多的权力交由这么小的一群人把持，也许会令这种障碍太过普及。okay.but, i hear you say, what about the research? its all in english.so the books are in english, the journals are done in english, but that is a self-fulfilling.it feeds the english requirement.and so it goes on.i ask you, what happened to translation? if you think about the islamic golden age, there was lots of translation then.they translated from latin and greek into arabic, into persian, and then it was translated on into the germanic languages of europe and the romance languages.and so light shone upon the dark ages of europe.now dont get me wrong;i am not against teaching english, all you english teachers out there.i love it that we have a global language.we need one today more than ever.but i am against using it as a barrier.do we really want to end up with 600 languages and the main one being english, or chinese? we need more than that.where do we draw the line? this system equates intelligence with a knowledge of english which is quite.于是，我听到你们问但是研究呢?研究报告都要用英文。”的确，研究论著和期刊都要用英文发表，但这只是一种理所当然的现象。有英语要求，自然就有英语供给，然后就这么循环下去。我倒想问问大家，为什么不用翻译呢？想想伊斯兰的黄金时代，当时翻译盛行，人们把拉丁文和希腊文翻译成阿拉伯文或波斯文，然后再由拉伯文或波斯文翻译为欧洲的日耳曼语言以及罗曼语言。于是文明照亮了欧洲的黑暗时代。但不要误会我的意思，我不是反对英语教学或是在座所有的英语老师。我很高兴我们有一个全球性的语言，这在今日尤为重要。但我反对用英语设立障碍。难道我们真希望世界上只剩下600种语言，其中又以英文或中文为主流吗？我们需要的不只如此。那么我们该如何拿捏呢？这个体制把智能和英语能力画上等号这是相当武断的。

and i want to remind you that the giants upon whose shoulders todays stand did not have to have english, they didnt have to pass an english test.case in point, einstein.he, by the way, was considered remedial at school because he was, in fact, dyslexic.but fortunately for the world, he did not have to pass an english test.because they didnt start until 1964 with toefl, the american test of english.now its exploded.there are lots and lots of tests of english.and millions and millions of students take these tests every year.now you might think, you and me, those fees arent bad, theyre okay, but they are prohibitive to so many millions of poor people.so immediately, were rejecting them.我想要提醒你们，扶持当代知识分子的这些“巨人肩膀不必非得具有英文能力，他们不需要通过英语考试。爱因斯坦就是典型的例子。顺便说一下，他在学校还曾被认为需要课外补习，因为他其实有阅读障碍。但对整个世界来说,很幸运的当时他不需要通过英语考试，因为他们直到1964年才开始使用托福。现在英语测验太泛滥了，有太多太多的英语测验，以及成千上万的学生每年都在参加这些考试。现在你会认为，你和我都这么想，这些费用不贵，价钱满合理的。但是对数百万的穷人来说，这些费用高不可攀。所以，当下我们又拒绝了他们。it brings to mind a headline i saw recently: education: the great divide.now i get it, i understand why people would focus on english.they want to give their children the best chance in life.and to do that, they need a western education.because, of course, the best jobs go to people out of the western universities, that i put on earlier.its a circular thing.这使我想起最近看到的一个新闻标题：“教育：大鸿沟”现在我懂了。我了解为什么大家都重视英语，因为他们希望给孩子最好的人生机会。为了达成这目的，他们需要西方教育。毕竟，不可否认，最好的工作都留给那些西方大学毕业出来的人。就像我之前说的，这是一种循环。

okay.let me tell you a story about two scientists, two english scientists.they were doing an experiment to do with genetics and the forelimbs and the hind limbs of animals.but they couldnt get the results they wanted.they really didnt know what to do, until along came a german scientist who realized that they were using two words for forelimb and hind limb, whereas genetics does not differentiate and neither does german.so bingo, problem solved.if you cant think a thought, you are stuck.but if another language can think that thought, then, by cooperating, we can achieve and learn so much more.好，我跟你们说一个关于两位科学家的故事：有两位英国科学家在做一项实验，是关于遗传学的，以及动物的前、后肢。但他们无法得到他们想要的结果。他们真的不知道该怎么办，直到来了一位德国的科学家。他发现在英文里前肢和后肢是不同的二个字，但在遗传学上没有区别。在德语也是同一个字。所以，叮！问题解决了。如果你不能想到一个念头，你会卡在那里。但如果另一个语言能想到那念头，然后通过合作我们可以达成目的，也学到更多。我的女儿从科威特来到英格兰，她在阿拉伯的学校学习科学和数学。那是所阿拉伯中学。在学校里，她得把这些知识翻译成英文，而她在班上却能在这些学科上拿到最好的成绩。这告诉我们，当外籍学生来找我们，我们可能无法针对他们所知道的给予赞赏，因为那是来自于他们母语的知识。当一个语言消失时，我们不知道还有什么也会一并失去。this is--i dont know if you saw it on cnn recently--they gave the heroes award to a young kenyan shepherd boy who couldnt study at night in his village like all the village children,篇二：杨澜ted演讲稿中英文 yang lan: the generation thats remaking china the night before i was heading for scotland, i was invited to host the final of chinas got talent show in shanghai with the 80,000 live audience in the stadium.guess who was the performing guest?susan boyle.and i told her, im going to scotland the next day.she sang beautifully, and she even managed to say a few words in chinese.[chinese]so its not like hello or thank you, that ordinary stuff.it means green onion for free.why did she say that? because it was a line from our chinese parallel susan boyle--a 50-some year-old woman, a vegetable vendor in shanghai, who loves singing western opera, but she didnt understand any english or french or italian, so she managed to fill in the lyrics with vegetable names in chinese.(laughter)and the last sentence of nessun dorma that she was singing in the stadium was green onion for free.so [as] susan boyle was saying that, 80,000 live audience sang together.that was hilarious.so i guess both susan boyle and this vegetable vendor in shanghai belonged to otherness.they were the least expected to be successful in the business called entertainment, yet their courage and talent brought them through.and a show and a platform gave them the stage to realize their dreams.well, being different is not that difficult.we are all different from different perspectives.but i think being different is good, because you present a different point of view.you may have the chance to make a difference.my generation has been very fortunate to witness and participate in the historic transformation of china that has made so many changes in the past 20, 30 years.i remember that in the year of 1990,when i was graduating from college, i was applying for a job in the sales department of the first five-star hotel in beijing, great wall sheraton--its still there.so after being interrogated by this japanese manager for a half an hour, he finally said, so, miss yang, do you have any questions to ask me?i summoned my courage and poise and said,yes, but could you let me know, what actually do you sell? i didnt have a clue what a sales department was about in a five-star hotel.that was the first day i set my foot in a five-star hotel.my life, and i feel proud of that.but then we are also so fortunate to witness the transformation of the whole country.i was in beijings bidding for the olympic games.i was representing the shanghai expo.i saw china embracing the world and vice versa.but then sometimes im thinking, what are todays young generation up to? how are they different, and what are the differences they are going to make to shape the future of china, or at large, the world? so making a living is not that easy for young people.college graduates are not in short supply.in urban areas, college graduates find the starting salary is about 400 u.s.dollars a month, while the average rent is above $500.so what do they do? they have to share space--squeezed in very limited space to save money--and they call themselves tribe of ants.and for those who are ready to get married and buy their apartment, they figured out they have to work for 30 to 40 years to afford their first apartment.that ratio in americawould only cost a couple five years to earn, but in china its 30 to 40 years with the skyrocketing real estate price.so through some of the hottest topics on microblogging, we can see what young people care most about.social justice and government accountability runs the first in what they demand.for the past decade or so, a massive urbanization and development have let us witness a lot of reports on the forced demolition of private property.and it has aroused huge anger and frustrationamong our young generation.sometimes people get killed, and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest.so when these incidents are reported more and more frequently on the internet,people cry for the government to take actions to stop this.so the good news is that earlier this year, the state council passed a new regulation on house requisition and demolition and passed the right to order forced demolition from local governments to the court.similarly, many other issues concerning public safety is a hot topic on the internet.we heard about polluted air, polluted water, poisoned food.and guess what, we have faked beef.they have sorts of ingredients that you brush on a piece of chicken or fish, and it turns it to look like beef.and then lately, people are very concerned about cooking oil, because thousands of people have been found [refining] cooking oil from restaurant slop.so all these things have aroused a huge outcry from the internet.and fortunately, we have seen the government responding more timely and also more frequently to the public concerns.while young people seem to be very sure about their participation in public policy-making, but sometimes theyre a little bit lost in terms of what they want for their personal life.china is soon to pass the u.s.as the number one market for luxury brands--thats not including the chinese expenditures in europe and elsewhere.but you know what, half of those consumers are earning a salary below 2,000 u.s.dollars.theyre not rich at all.theyre taking those bags and clothes as a sense of identity and social status.and this is a girl explicitly saying on a tv dating show that she would rather cry in a bmw than smile on a bicycle.but of course, we do have young people who would still prefer to smile, whether in a bmw or [on] a bicycle.so happiness is the most popular word we have heard through the past two years.happiness is not only related to personal experiences and personal values, but also, its about the environment.people are thinking about the following questions: are we going to sacrifice our environment further to produce higher gdp? how are we going to perform our social and political reform to keep pace with economic growth, to keep sustainability and stability? and also, how capable is the systemof self-correctness to keep more people contentwith all sorts of friction going on at the same time?i guess these are the questions people are going to answer.and our younger generation are going to transform this country while at the same time being transformed themselves.thank you very much.杨澜ted演讲：重塑中国的一代 中文演讲稿

在来爱尔兰的前一晚，我应邀主持了中国达人秀在上海的体育场和八万现场观众。猜猜谁是表演嘉宾？——苏珊大妈。我告诉她，“我明天要去爱尔兰了。” 她歌声犹如天籁。而且她还可以说点中文。

“送你葱。” 这不是“你好、谢谢”之类的日常用语。这组词翻译过来是免费给你青葱，为什么她要说这个呢？因为这是我们中国版的苏珊大妈很有名的一句歌词。

这位五十几岁的大妈在上海以贩卖蔬菜为生。她喜欢西方的歌剧，但是她不懂任何外语，所以她就把中文蔬菜名填做歌词。当她在体育场里 唱到今夜无人入眠的最后一句时，她唱的是“送你葱”。苏珊大妈和全场八万观众一起唱“送你葱”，多有意思的场面。我想苏珊大妈和这位在上海做蔬菜买卖的都属于不同寻常的人。在业界所谓的娱乐圈，他们最不可能取得成功，但是他们的勇气和才华让他们成功了。一场秀，一个平台给了他们实现梦想的舞台。与众不同不难，从不同的角度看我们都是不一样的。我认为与众不同是好的，因为你有不同的看法，这给你机会去产生不同的影响。我们这代人有幸见证和参与了过去二三十年中国的历史性的转型。

我记得在九十年代，刚从大学毕业的我申请了一份在北京五星级酒店销售部的工作。在日本经理一个半小时的面试后，他最后说：“杨小姐，你有什么问题要问我吗？”我鼓起勇气，定定神然后问道：“您能告诉我销售部到底销售什么？”我对于五星级酒店的销售部的职责一点都摸不着头脑。那是我在五星级酒店的第一天。

同时，我和上千名大学女生参加了一场由中国中央电视台举办的史无前例的公开选拔。制作人告诉我们他们想找一位可爱，天真，美丽的新面孔。当轮到我时，我站起来说道，“为什么女孩在电视上必须是漂亮，甜美，无邪的，像个花瓶？为什么她们不能有她们的想法，她们自己的声音？”

我想我一定得罪了评委。但是事实上，我的发言给他们留下了深刻的印象。接下来我进入了第二轮的选拔，然后是第三轮，第四轮。在经过七轮的选拔后，我胜出了。成为了一个国家电视台黄金时段节目的主持人。

不管你们相不相信，那是中国电视上第一个节目可以允许主持人自由发挥而不是去读审查后的稿子。这个节目的观众人数高达两到三千万。

几年后，我决定去美国哥伦比亚大学进修。之后我有了自己的传媒公司，这是在我刚毕业的时候想都不敢想的。

我和我的团队做了很多事情。在过去的这些年，我采访了上千人。有时候有年轻人走过来对我说：“杨澜，你改变了我的生活。”我也为此而自豪。

今天我想讲讲在社交媒体这个大舞台上的年轻人 matt cutts ted中英文对照双语演讲稿 try something new for 30 days 小计划帮你实现大目标

——google工程师matt cutts在ted的励志演讲稿 a few years ago, i felt like i was stuck in a rut, so i decided to follow in the footsteps of the great american philosopher, morgan spurlock, and try something new for 30 days.the idea is actually pretty simple.think about something you’ve always wanted to add to your life and try it for the next 30 days.it turns out, 30 days is just about the right amount of time to add a new habit or subtract a habit — like watching the news — from your life.几年前，我感觉对老一套感到枯燥乏味，所以我决定追随伟大的美国哲学家摩根·斯普尔洛克的脚步，尝试做新事情30天。这个想法的确是非常简单。考虑下，你常想在你生命中做的一些事情 接下来30天尝试做这些。这就是，30天刚好是这么一段合适的时间 去养成一个新的习惯或者改掉一个习惯——例如看新闻——在你生活中。当我在30天做这些挑战性事情时，我学到以下一些事。第一件事是，取代了飞逝而过易被遗忘的岁月的是 这段时间非常的更加令人难忘。挑战的一部分是要一个月内每天我要去拍摄一张照片。我清楚地记得那一天我所处的位置我都在干什么。我也注意到随着我开始做更多的，更难的30天里具有挑战性的事时，我自信心也增强了。我从一个台式计算机宅男极客变成了一个爱骑自行车去工作的人——为了玩乐。甚至去年，我完成了在非洲最高山峰乞力马扎罗山的远足。在我开始这30天做挑战性的事之前我从来没有这样热爱冒险过。

我也认识到如果你真想一些槽糕透顶的事，你可以在30天里做这些事。你曾想写小说吗？每年11月，数以万计的人们在30天里，从零起点尝试写他们自己的5万字小说。这结果就是，你所要去做的事就是每天写1667个字要写一个月。所以我做到了。顺便说一下，秘密在于除非在一天里你已经写完了1667个字，要不你就甭想睡觉。你可能被剥夺睡眠，但你将会完成你的小说。那么我写的书会是下一部伟大的美国小说吗？不是的。我在一个月内写完它。它看上去太可怕了。但在我的余生，如果我在一个ted聚会上遇见约翰·霍奇曼，我不必开口说，“我是一个电脑科学家。”不，不会的，如果我愿意我可以说，“我是一个小说家。” so here’s one last thing i’d like to mention.i learned that when i made small, sustainable changes, things i could keep doing, they were more likely to stick.there’s nothing wrong with big, crazy challenges.in fact, they’re a ton of fun.but they’re less likely to stick.when i gave up sugar for 30 days, day 31 looked like this.我这儿想提的最后一件事。当我做些小的、持续性的变化，我可以不断尝试做的事时，我学到我可以把它们更容易地坚持做下来。这和又大又疯狂的具有挑战性的事情无关。事实上，它们的乐趣无穷。但是，它们就不太可能坚持做下来。当我在30天里拒绝吃糖果，31天后看上去就像这样。so here’s my question to you: what are you waiting for? i guarantee you the next 30 days are going to pass whether you like it or not, so why not think about something you have always wanted to try and give it a shot for the next 30 days.所以我给大家提的问题是：大家还在等什么呀？我保准大家在未来的30天定会经历你喜欢或者不喜欢的事，那么为什么不考虑一些你常想做的尝试并在未来30天里试试给自己一个机会。thanks.谢谢。matt cutts简介： matt cutts是google所有工程师中最广为人知的一个，因为他几乎每天都在自己的blog上面和读者们分享与google相关的一切信息，包括技术与非技术类。matt写的文章深入浅出，简明易懂，实用价值很高，因此他在互联网上具有相当高的名气。简言之，matt cutts是google的anti-spam之王。

第三篇：励志演讲稿：没有人愿意贫穷

人生的过程中尽管不无遗憾，但我学到最价值连城的一课——逆境和挑战只要能激发起生命的力度，我们的成就是可以超乎自己所想像的。

我成长的年代，香港社会艰苦，是残酷而悲凉的。那时候没有什么社会安全网，饥饿与疾病的恐惧是强烈迫人。求学的机会不是每一个人的权利，贫穷常常像一种无期徒刑。今天社会前行，新的富足为大部分人带来相对的缓冲保障，贫穷不一定是缺乏金钱，而是对希望及机遇憧憬破灭的挫败感。很多人害怕可上升的空间越来越窄，一辈子也无法冲破匮乏与弱势的局限。我理解这些恐惧，因我曾经一一身受。没有人愿意贫穷，但出路在哪里?

七十年前这问题每一个晚上都在我心头，当年十四岁时已需要照顾一家人，没有接受教育的机会，没有可以依靠的人脉网路，我很怀疑只凭刻苦耐劳，和一股毅力，是否足以让我渡过难关?我们一家人的命运是否早已注定?纵使我能餬口存活，但我有否出人头地的一天?

我迅速发现没有什么必然的成功方程式，首要专注的是，把能掌控的因素区分出来。若果成功是我的目标，驾驭一些我能力内可控制的事情是扭转逆境十分重要的关键。我要认清楚什么是贫穷的枷锁—我一定要有摆脱疾病、愚昧、依赖和惰性的方法。

比方说，当我发觉染上肺结核病，在全无医疗照顾之下，我便下定决心，对饮食只求营养不求喜恶、适当地运动及注重整洁卫生，扞卫健康和活力。此外，我要拒绝愚昧，要持恒地终身追求知识，经常保持好奇心和紧贴时势增长智慧，避免不学无术。在过去七十多年，虽然我每天工作十二小时，下班后我必定学习，告诉你们一个秘密，在过去一年，我费很大的力气，努力理解进化论演算法里错综复杂的道理，因为我希望了解人工智慧的发展，以及它对未来的意义。

无论在言谈、许诺及设定目标各方面，我都慎思和严守纪律，一定不能给人嚣惰脆弱和倚赖的印象。这个思维模式不但是对成就的投资，更可建立诚信;你的魅力，表现在你的自律、克己和谦逊中。

所有这些元素连接在一起功效非凡：它能渐渐凝聚与塑造一个成功基础，帮助你应付控制范畴以外的环境。当机遇一现，你已整装待发，有本领和勇气踏上前路。纵使没有人能告诉你前路是什么一道风景，生命长河将流往何方，然而，在这过程中，你会领悟到邱吉尔多年的名言：“只要克服困难就是赢得机会。一点点的态度，但却能造成大大的改变。”

生命抛来一颗柠檬，你是可以把它转榨为柠檬汁的人。要描绘自己独特的心灵地图，你才可发现热爱生命的你、有思维、有能力、有承担，建立自我的你;有原则、有理想，追求无我的你。

第四篇：父母怎样讲话孩子才愿意听

父母怎样讲话孩子才愿意听

北京二中 程中一

生活中，作为父母，总希望自己的孩子，我们说啥，他就听啥，我们不让干啥，他立刻马上就停止，一丝一毫犹豫都没有。

但是，事实却往往是：

你越害怕什么，孩子偏偏就越干什么；你越不让干什么，孩子似乎就越喜欢什么；而你越鼓励干什么，他却往往越提不起劲来。

好像他生下来，专门就是为着和你作对而来。

因此，家里经常闹得鸡飞狗跳，不得安宁，父母指责孩子不听话，后脑勺长反骨；孩子痛斥父母不理解自己，对自己实施法西斯专政。

每当此时，很多父母都会感慨：自己的话在孩子那里越来越没有分量了，自己一片苦心却得不到孩子的认同，这孩子简直太不懂事了。

其实，你不知道的是：这一切都是你自己造成的。

前段日子有位妈妈和我抱怨，几乎是哭诉了。她似乎确实应该愤慨。孩子上高一，脑袋瓜子挺聪明，就是爱上网玩游戏。有一天妈妈忍无可忍，一怒之下把电脑给砸了。孩子也忍无可忍，一气之下不去学校上学了。

妈妈这下急了，给我电话，老师，我该怎么办？我问妈妈，孩子在学校学6天，周末休息想放松放松，玩一玩，过分吗？也不太过分。孩子每天在学校呆10个小时，回家想放松放松，玩一玩，过分吗？也不太过分。

是的，如果他不是你儿子，他是别人的儿子，也许你能客观地看问题。打一场篮球，要半小时，一般打上瘾了，怎么着也要2-3个小时；逛一趟街，要逛得满足了，保守讲，2小时；一个孩子玩游戏，你给30分钟，45分钟，瘾才上来，就戛然而止，你说难受吗？就像睡觉睡到半拉，生生把人拖起来，还横眉冷对，怒不可遏，你难受吗？吃饭吃了5成饱，生生不让吃了，你难受吗？

不但不让吃了，现在还把碗给摔了，换成是你，你愤怒吗？ 愤怒。

我说，一个成年人上了一天班，回家想放松，会看电视、上网、玩游戏，找朋友喝点小酒等等，没有人会指责他，我们甚至很体谅他，这么累，放松放松嘛。但一个孩子这样做了，我们就不依不饶。

这是其一。其二，我们渴望孩子放学回家，除了吃饭，就是学习。但是，其实一个孩子真正的学习在学校里，如果学校里的学习是无效的，那么回了家里再努力，你收获也不会太大。而事实上是，一个孩子如果在学校的学习都没有努力，那回了家也不太可能好好学习。你看见的是他回了家没有学习，但你看不见的是他在学校都干了啥。我们要解决的是他在学校的学习，而不是回了家的学习。如果孩子在学校的时间是有效的，甚至效率很高的，那么回了家为什么不能玩一玩？毕竟人生除了课本上、试卷上那点点东西，还有很多有趣的事情，如果上学学习、回家学习、周末还学习，人生就像遥遥无期的苦役，抬头一望，就看到边了，那我们还活着干什么。

我们今天努力工作，不就是因为工作中能体现出我们的价值，工作后有不错的物质回报，拿着这样的物质回报，可以过上美好的生活吗？如果有人告诉你，这个工作要一直一直干下去，看上去遥遥无期，没有停歇，到你生命终了的那一天，除了工作，其他美好的事你都不能干，连个懒都不能偷，我看，即使这个工作再有趣，你再爱它，你也会撞墙而死。是的，一直一直做一件事，生命中没有其他的点缀，这悲催的人生不要也罢。孩子们也是一样。再爱学习的孩子，他也需要调剂，需要喘息。况且，我们现在所指的学习，是狭隘的学习，主要指学习课本知识、为考试服务，它的指向性是很单一的。

而一个孩子健康成长，是需要多方面的学习。比如：情绪控制、对人生的理解、对自我的认识、对自己行为的控制、对责任的担当、对美（文字、外形、道德等）的品味等等，都要学习，没有这些垫底，你知识的学习也必然学不到家。咱家孩子现在正在学习非常重要的一课，如何管理自己的欲望，如何平衡玩乐和工作？高一数学学函数，老师还要先引入，再讲解，再做题检验、再通过做作业巩固、再复习；过上一段时间后，再回过头来再来一遍，不经过这样一个较长时间的反复、起伏、思索、发酵、等待，我们对这点点知识的认知都不可能到位。

那今天孩子要学习非常非常重要的一课，会对他一生的人生、事业起到关键作用的一课：如何管理自己的欲望。我们却不给他的生命留白、留空间、留余地，让他自己完成思考、反复、发酵、再认识的过程，而妄图一步到位，直接就会，如果孩子做不到。我们就生气地吼他：这孩子怎么这样呢？一点都不会规划自己的时间，一玩上了就什么都忘了。而我们恰恰忘了，不是他不会，是你没有给他时间学；不是他不想，是他还来不及对自己做要求的时候，你就急吼吼地冲上去了。生命需要留白，只有留白，孩子的智慧才有空间生发。我跟这位妈妈讲，把电脑给孩子安上吧。砸了电脑，人可以出去玩。心跑了，留住身子有什么用？孩子现在这么大，腿那么长，迈开腿，你追都追不上。孩子越大，你管的越不是身子，越是心；孩子再大，心就要让他自己保管了。只有自己保管，才能管到家。如果你强行要替人家管，那结果只有两个，要不人家一走了之，你彻底没招了；要不这孩子一辈子没心了，你得管一辈子，这两种结果，我想我们都不愿意看到。

去年冬天的时候，有位妈妈给我打电话，孩子高二，玩游戏玩疯了，经常夜不归宿。因为这个，父母与孩子经常发生冲突，非常严重的冲突。家里闹得鸡犬不宁。孩子甚至经常“恐吓”父母，暗示他们如果再管他，学也不上了。妈妈受不了。我跟妈妈讲，你要用心来换心，不要再冲突了，冲突下去，家里的门就朝孩子关闭了。妈妈听进去了。有一天，孩子又要出门。妈妈很恳切地讲：玩累了，就回家睡觉吧。毕竟网吧不舒服，不像家里的床，又软又舒服。饿了，家里也有吃的。结果，孩子当晚凌晨3点就回家了。现在孩子在学校里，成绩也不错，慢慢地越来越好了。

其实，每一个孩子都有一颗心，这颗心可以杀人放火，也可以柔软如水晶。取决于什么呢？取决于他心中是不是有爱。只有爱可以唤醒良知！电影《放牛班的春天》中莫朗德和蒙丹，虽然都是问题学生，但莫朗德有深爱他的母亲，赏识他的马修老师，他的心被爱牵制，再恶作剧，再闹腾，他也不会出格，反倒后来因为音乐回归自我，成为享誉世界的音乐家；但蒙丹呢，他所遭遇的不是遗弃、就是排斥、怀疑、殴打、辱骂，当世界对他怀有深深恶意的时候，他对这个世界也抱有刻骨的仇恨。教育是心对心的呼唤，是灵魂对灵魂的唤醒。学校、家庭不是劳教所，要教会孩子的是爱，是善，是信任，不是怀疑，不是指责，不是谩骂，不是冷漠。

这些道理，那位妈妈听进去了。把电脑安上了。孩子也发誓好好学习。之后一周的学习非常认真，每天回家还要学一会。妈妈很高兴。可到了周五，孩子因为肚子疼，在家休息一下午，妈妈很恐慌，给我信息：老师，咋办？我担心孩子又会撂挑子？我给这位焦虑中的妈妈回了5个字：平常心待之。又过了好几天，这位妈妈给我回了几条信息，充满了深深的愧疚和反省。

家长们，您要欣赏自己的孩子。我给你讲一个真实的故事：

又是一个大周末，学生可以回家呆两天半。我习惯地接到了家长们的电话，“我儿子xxx不想上学了„„”我说：“无论发生什么情况，你都要欣赏自己的孩子。我给你讲一个真实的故事，或许对你有些启发。”

第一次参加家长会，幼儿园的老师说：“你的儿子有多动症，在凳子上连三分钟都坐不了，您最好带他去看看。”

回家的路上，儿子问他，老师都说了些什么，她鼻子一酸，差点流下眼泪来。因为全班三十位小朋友，唯有他表现最差，老师表现出不屑。然而她还是告诉儿子：“老师表扬你了，说宝宝原来在板凳上坐不了一分钟，现在能做三分钟了。其他的妈妈都非常羡慕我，因为全班只有宝宝进步了。”

那天晚上，她儿子破天荒地吃了两碗米饭，并且没有让她喂。儿子上小学了。家长会上，老师说：“全班五十名同学，这次数学考试，你儿子排第四十名，我们怀疑他智力上有障碍，您最好能带他去医院查查。”

回去的路上，她流下了泪。然而，当回到家里，却对坐在桌前的儿子说：“老师对你充满信心。他说了，你并不是个笨孩子，只要细心些，会超过你的同桌，这次你同桌排在第二十一名。”

说这话时，她就发现，儿子黯淡的眼神一下子充满了神采，沮丧的脸也一下子舒展开来。她甚至发现，儿子温顺得让他吃惊，好像长大了许多。第二天上学，去得比平常都要早。

孩子上初中了，有一次家长会。她坐在儿子的位置上，等着老师点她儿子的名字，因为每次家长会议，她儿子的名字在差生中被点到。然而，这次出乎意料她的意料，直到结束，都没有点到。她有些不习惯。临别，去问老师，老师告诉她：“按你儿子现在的成绩，考重点高中有点危险。”

她怀着惊喜的心情走出校门，此时她发现儿子正在等她。路上他扶着儿子的肩膀，心里有一种说不出的甜蜜，她告诉儿子：“班主任对你非常满意，他说了，只要努力，很有希望考上重点中学。”

高中毕业了。第一批大学录取通知书下达时，学校打电话让她儿子去学校一趟。她有一种预感，她儿子被清华大学录取了，因为报考时，她给儿子说过，她相信他有能力考取这所学校。

她儿子从学校回来，把一封印有清华大学招生办室的特快专递交到她的手里，突然转身跑到自己的房间里哭了起来，边哭边说：“妈妈，我知道我不是个聪明的孩子，只有你欣赏我„„”

这时她悲喜交加，再也按耐不住十几年的泪水，任它落在手中的信封上。家长们，我的故事讲完了，您或许有所感悟。

第五篇：TED英语演讲稿：如何让选择更容易

TED英语演讲稿：如何让选择更容易

简介：面对商场里五花八门的商品，你的选择恐惧症又犯了吗? 美国哥伦比亚大学商学教授sheena iyengar研究如何让你在做选择时更容易。为了让你的选择省时省力，商家又会有哪些诀窍呢?

do you know how many choices you make in a typical day? do you know how many choices you make in typical week? i recently did a survey with over 2,000 americans, and the average number of choices that the typical american reports making is about 70 in a typical day.there was also recently a study done with ceos in which they followed ceos around for a whole week.and these scientists simply documented all the various tasks that these ceos engaged in and how much time they spent engaging in making decisions related to these tasks.and they found that the average ceo engaged in about 139 tasks in a week.each task was made up of many, many, many sub-choices of course.50 percent of their decisions were made in nine minutes or less.only about 12 percent of the decisions did they make an hour or more of their time.think about your own choices.do you know how many choices make it into your nine minute category versus your one hour category? how well do you think you're doing at managing those choices?

today i want to talk about one of the biggest modern day choosing problems that we have, which is the choice overload problem.i want to talk about the problem and some potential solutions.now as i talk about this problem, i'm going to have some questions for you and i'm going to want to know your answers.so when i ask you a question, since i'm blind, only raise your hand if you want to burn off some calories.(laughter)otherwise, when i ask you a question, and if your answer is yes, i'd like you to clap your hands.so for my first question for you today: are you guys ready to hear about the choice overload problem?(applause)thank you.so when i was a graduate student at stanford university, i used to go to this very, very upscale grocery store;at least at that time it was truly upscale.it was a store called draeger's.now this store, it was almost like going to an amusement park.they had 250 different kinds of mustards and vinegars and over 500 different kinds of fruits and vegetables and more than two dozen different kinds of bottled water--and this was during a time when we actually used to drink tap water.i used to love going to this store, but on one occasion i asked myself, well how come you never buy anything? here's their olive oil aisle.they had over 75 different kinds of olive oil, including those that were in a locked case that came from thousand-year-old olive trees.so i one day decided to pay a visit to the manager, and i asked the manager, “is this model of offering people all this choice really working?” and he pointed to the busloads of tourists that would show up everyday, with cameras ready usually.we decided to do a little experiment, and we picked jam for our experiment.here's their jam aisle.they had 348 different kinds of jam.we set up a little tasting booth right near the entrance of the store.we there put out six different flavors of jam or 24 different flavors of jam, and we looked at two things: first, in which case were people more likely to stop, sample some jam? more people stopped when there were 24, about 60 percent, than when there were six, about 40 percent.the next thing we looked at is in which case were people more likely to buy a jar of jam.now we see the opposite effect.of the people who stopped when there were 24, only three percent of them actually bought a jar of jam.of the people who stopped when there were six, well now we saw that 30 percent of them actually bought a jar of jam.now if you do the math, people were at least six times more likely to buy a jar of jam if they encountered six than if they encountered 24.now choosing not to buy a jar of jam is probably good for us--at least it's good for our waistlines--but it turns out that this choice overload problem affects us even in very consequential decisions.we choose not to choose, even when it goes against our best self-interests.so now for the topic of today: financial savings.now i'm going to describe to you a study i did with gur huberman, emir kamenica, wei jang where we looked at the retirement savings decisions of nearly a million americans from about 650 plans all in the and what we looked at was whether the number of fund offerings available in a retirement savings plan, the 401(k)plan, does that affect people's likelihood to save more for tomorrow.and what we found was that indeed there was a correlation.so in these plans, we had about 657 plans that ranged from offering people anywhere from two to 59 different fund offerings.and what we found was that, the more funds offered, indeed, there was less participation rate.so if you look at the extremes, those plans that offered you two funds, participation rates were around in the mid-70s--still not as high as we want it to be.in those plans that offered nearly 60 funds, participation rates have now dropped to about the 60th percentile.now it turns out that even if you do choose to participate when there are more choices present, even then, it has negative consequences.so for those people who did choose to participate, the more choices available, the more likely people were to completely avoid stocks or equity funds.the more choices available, the more likely they were to put all their money in pure money market accounts.now neither of these extreme decisions are the kinds of decisions that any of us would recommend for people when you're considering their future financial well-being.well, over the past decade, we have observed three main negative consequences to offering people more and more choices.they're more likely to delay choosing--procrastinate even when it goes against their best self-interest.they're more likely to make worse choices--worse financial choices, medical choices.they're more likely to choose things that make them less satisfied, even when they do objectively better.the main reason for this is because, we might enjoy gazing at those giant walls of mayonnaises, mustards, vinegars, jams, but we can't actually do the math of comparing and contrasting and actually picking from that stunning display.so what i want to propose to you today are four simple techniques--techniques that we have tested in one way or another in different research venues--that you can easily apply in your businesses.the first: cut.you've heard it said before, but it's never been more true than today, that less is more.people are always upset when i say, “cut.” they're always worried they're going to lose shelf space.but in fact, what we're seeing more and more is that if you are willing to cut, get rid of those extraneous redundant options, well there's an increase in sales, there's a lowering of costs, there is an improvement of the choosing experience.when proctor & gamble went from 26 different kinds of head & shoulders to 15, they saw an increase in sales by 10 percent.when the golden cat corporation got rid of their 10 worst-selling cat litter products, they saw an increase in profits by 87 percent--a function of both increase in sales and lowering of costs.you know, the average grocery store today offers you 45,000 products.the typical walmart today offers you 100,000 products.but the ninth largest retailer, the ninth biggest retailer in the world today is aldi, and it offers you only 1,400 products--one kind of canned tomato sauce.now in the financial savings world, i think one of the best examples that has recently come out on how to best manage the choice offerings has actually been something that david laibson was heavily involved in designing, which was the program that they have at harvard.every single harvard employee is now automatically enrolled in a lifecycle fund.for those people who actually want to choose, they're given 20 funds, not 300 or more funds.you know, often, people say, “i don't know how to cut.they're all important choices.” and the first thing i do is i ask the employees, “tell me how these choices are different from one another.and if your employees can't tell them apart, neither can your consumers.”

now before we started our session this afternoon, i had a chat with gary.and gary said that he would be willing to offer people in this audience an all-expenses-paid free vacation to the most beautiful road in the world.here's a description of the road.and i'd like you to read it.and now i'll give you a few seconds to read it and then i want you to clap your hands if you're ready to take gary up on his offer.(light clapping)okay.anybody who's ready to take him up on his offer.is that all? all right, let me show you some more about this.(laughter)you guys knew there was a trick, didn't you.(honk)now who's ready to go on this trip.(applause)(laughter)i think i might have actually heard more hands.all right.now in fact, you had objectively more information the first time around than the second time around, but i would venture to guess that you felt that it was more real the second time around.because the pictures made it feel more real to you.which brings me to the second technique for handling the choice overload problem, which is concretization.that in order for people to understand the differences between the choices, they have to be able to understand the consequences associated with each choice, and that the consequences need to be felt in a vivid sort of way, in a very concrete way.why do people spend an average of 15 to 30 percent more when they use an atm card or a credit card as opposed to cash? because it doesn't feel like real money.and it turns out that making it feel more concrete can actually be a very positive tool to use in getting people to save more.so a study that i did with shlomo benartzi and alessandro previtero, we did a study with people at ing--employees that are all working at ing--and now these people were all in a session where they're doing enrollment for their 401(k)plan.and during that session, we kept the session exactly the way it used to be, but we added one little thing.the one little thing we added was we asked people to just think about all the positive things that would happen in your life if you saved more.by doing that simple thing, there was an increase in enrollment by 20 percent and there was an increase in the amount of people willing to save or the amount that they were willing to put down into their savings account by four percent.the third technique: categorization.we can handle more categories than we can handle choices.so for example, here's a study we did in a magazine aisle.it turns out that in wegmans grocery stores up and down the northeast corridor, the magazine aisles range anywhere from 331 different kinds of magazines all the way up to 664.but you know what? if i show you 600 magazines and i divide them up into 10 categories, versus i show you 400 magazines and divide them up into 20 categories, you believe that i have given you more choice and a better choosing experience if i gave you the 400 than if i gave you the 600.because the categories tell me how to tell them apart.here are two different jewelry displays.one is called “jazz” and the other one is called “swing.” if you think the display on the left is swing and the display on the right is jazz, clap your hands.(light clapping)okay, there's some.if you think the one on the left is jazz and the one on the right is swing, clap your hands.okay, a bit more.now it turns out you're right.the one on the left is jazz and the one on the right is swing, but you know what? this is a highly useless categorization scheme.(laughter)the categories need to say something to the chooser, not the choice-maker.and you often see that problem when it comes down to those long lists of all these funds.who are they actually supposed to be informing?

my fourth technique: condition for complexity.it turns out we can actually handle a lot more information than we think we can, we've just got to take it a little easier.we have to gradually increase the complexity.i'm going to show you one example of what i'm talking about.let's take a very, very complicated decision: buying a car.here's a german car manufacturer that gives you the opportunity to completely custom make your car.you've got to make 60 different decisions, completely make up your car.now these decisions vary in the number of choices that they offer per decision.car colors, exterior car colors--i've got 56 choices.engines, gearshift--four choices.so now what i'm going to do is i'm going to vary the order in which these decisions appear.so half of the customers are going to go from high choice, 56 car colors, to low choice, four gearshifts.the other half of the customers are going to go from low choice, four gearshifts, to 56 car colors, high choice.what am i going to look at? how engaged you are.if you keep hitting the default button per decision, that means you're getting overwhelmed, that means i'm losing you.what you find is the people who go from high choice to low choice, they're hitting that default button over and over and over again.we're losing them.they go from low choice to high choice, they're hanging in there.it's the same information.it's the same number of choices.the only thing that i have done is i have varied the order in which that information is presented.if i start you off easy, i learn how to choose.even though choosing gearshift doesn't tell me anything about my preferences for interior decor, it still prepares me for how to choose.it also gets me excited about this big product that i'm putting together, so i'm more willing to be motivated to be engaged.so let me recap.i have talked about four techniques for mitigating the problem of choice overload--cut--get rid of the extraneous alternatives;concretize--make it real;categorize--we can handle more categories, less choices;condition for complexity.all of these techniques that i'm describing to you today are designed to help you manage your choices--better for you, you can use them on yourself, better for the people that you are serving.because i believe that the key to getting the most from choice is to be choosy about choosing.and the more we're able to be choosy about choosing the better we will be able to practice the art of choosing.thank you very much.(applause)

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