第一篇：英语演讲撒切尔夫人英国国会辩论经典片段(双语)
撒切尔夫人英国国会辩论经典片段（双语）
【名人简介】
玛格丽特·希尔达·撒切尔，英国右翼政治家，第49任英国首相，1979年-1990年在任，她是至今为止英国唯一一位女首相，也是自19世纪初利物浦伯爵以来连任时间最长的英国首相。她的政治哲学与政策主张被通称为“撒切尔主义”，在任首相期间，对英国的经济、社会与文化面貌作出了既深且广的改变。在担任首相前后高姿态地反对共产主义，而被前苏联媒体戏称为“铁娘子”，这个绰号甚至已成为了她的主要标志。
1970年，进入爱德华·希思内阁担任教育及科学大臣。1975年的出任保守党党魁，1979年率领保守党重夺政权，展开保守党长达18年执政。其领导保守党在1979年、1983年和1987年三次大选中接连胜出，仅次于哈罗德·威尔逊。1990年未能击败党内对手迈克尔·赫尔塞廷，宣布辞职，其后她所属意的候选人财政大臣约翰·梅杰参选并最终获胜，11月28日正式离任，结束长达11年半的执政。1990年下台后，继任的保守党约翰·梅杰政府以及工党托尼·布莱尔政府，依然沿行了她所推行的经济变革，该政策方向持续到2008年世界金融危机爆发。
2013年4月8日，撒切尔夫人因中风病逝，终年87岁，骨灰被安葬在切尔西皇家医院墓地、亡夫丹尼斯的坟墓旁边。
撒切尔夫人曾四次访问中国，并于1984年在北京代表联合王国和时任国务院总理的赵紫阳签署了《中英关于香港问题的联合声明》。为香港回归中国奠定了坚实的政治基础。（以上来自百度百科）
下面来看看她在英国国会辩论经典片段吧~
【双语文稿】
On economic and monetary union, I stressed that we would be ready to move beyond thepresent position to the creation of a European monetary fund and a common communitycurrency which we have called a hard ECU.But we would not be prepared to agree to set a datefor starting the next stage of economic and monetary union before there is any agreement onwhat that stage should comprise.And I again emphasised that we would not be prepared tohave a single currency imposed upon us, nor to surrender the use of the pound sterling as ourcurrency.关于经济和货币联盟，我强调过我们需要做好准备，跨越目前的处境，来建立一个欧洲货币基金和共同的通用货币，也就是我们所说的欧洲货币单位。但在开始为下一阶段的经济和货币联盟登上舞台做好准备之前，我们并不会为这个协议的实现设定一个日期。我再次强调，我们不愿被逼使用统一货币，也不会屈服于把英镑作为我们的使用货币的做法。
It is our purpose to retain the power and influence of this House, and not to denude it of manyof the powers.I wonder what the right honourable gentleman's policy is, in view of some of thethings he said.Would he have agreed to a commitment to extend the Community's powers toother supplementary sectors of economic integrations without having any definition of what theyare? Would he? Because you would've thought he would from what he said.One of them wasthat the Commission wants to extend its powers and competence into the area of health.Wesaid no.We weren't going to agree to those since on what he says, he sounded as if he would,for the sake of agreeing, for the sake of being little sir echo, and saying, “Me too.” 我们的目的就是保留政府的权利以及影响，而不是剥夺他们的权利。鉴于刚刚你所说的事情，这位正直尊贵的绅士，我想知道你的政策是什么？在没有任何明确定义的情况下，他会同意扩大联盟的权力来补充其他行业没有的经济融合吗？他会吗？你们会认为他会说到做到。其中之一是，欧盟委员会希望将权力和能力扩展至医疗健康领域。我们不赞成，我们并不打算同意他所说的一切，他听起来似乎是会这样做，仅仅是为了一种妥协而已，或者是一种绅士的态度，所以他会说 “我也会。”
Would the he have agreed to extending qualified majority of voting within the Council, todelegating implementing powers to the Commission, to a common security policy, all without anyattempt to define or limit them? The answer is yes.He hasn't got a clue about the definition ofsome of the things he is saying, let alone securing a definition of others.在没有任何限制和定义的情况下，他会同意理事会扩大合格的多数投票来将权力委托给委员会或制定一个常见的安全政策，吗？答案是肯定的。他还搞不清楚的他所定义的一些事情，更别提关于其他的定义了。
Yes, the Commission does want to increase its powers.Yes, it is a non-elected body and I donot want the Commission to increase its powers against its House.So of course we are differing.Of course the chairman or the president of the Commission, Mr.Delors, said at a pressconference the other day that he wanted the European Parliament to be the democratic body ofthe Community, he wanted the Commission to be the executive and he wanted the Council ofMinisters to be the Senate.No.No.No.的确，委员会并不想要增加它的权利。是的，这是一个非选举产生的主体，我并不希望委员会增加权利来对抗政府。所以我们当然在改变。Delors先生作为委员会的主席或总统，在新闻发布会上说有一天他希望欧洲议会是一个民主机构，他希望委员会执行力能更强，他希望内阁会议由参议院指出，但这些都没能实现。
Or, or perhaps the Labour Party would give all those things up easily.Perhaps they would agreeto a single currency to total abolition of the pound sterling.Perhaps being totally incompetent withmonetary matters, they'd be only too delighted to hand over the full responsibility as they did tothe IMF, to a central bank.The fact is, they have no competence on money, no competenceon the economy, so, yes, the right honourable gentleman would be glad to hand it all over.Andwhat is the point in trying to get elected to Parliament only to hand over your sterling and tohand over the powers of this House to Europe? 也许工党会将所有这些事情变得很容易。也许他们会同意用一个单一货币来废除英镑。也许这完全算不上是货币问题，他们会非常高兴地将所有责任转交给中央银行。事实是，他们在货币政策上无所作为，在经济发展上同样一事无成，所以这位正直尊贵的绅士很愿意完全交出责任。那么你们在议会中获选，仅仅是为了将手中的金钱和权利移交给欧洲政府吗？
Norman Tebbit：My right honourable friend not agree that the mark of a single currency is thatall other currencies must be extinguished.And not nearly extinguished, but that the capacity ofother institutions to issue currency has to be extinguished.And that in the case of the UnitedKingdom, would involve this parliament binding its successors in a way which we have hithertoregarded as unconstitutional.Norman Tebbit: 我亲爱的朋友并不认为单一货币是其他货币必须消失的标志。或者并不是消失，而是其他部门对金钱的控制力应该消除。在英国的情况来说，应该让议会将其继承者和我们认为的非宪法行为结合起来。
This government has no intention of abolishing the pound sterling.If the hard ECU evolved intomuch much greater use, that would be a decision for future parliaments and future generations.It would be a decision which could only be taken once, and a decision which should not beapproached in this atmosphere, but only after the greatest possible consideration.I believe bothParliament and sterling have served our country and the rest of the world very well.I believe weare more stable and more influential with it, I believe it is an expression of sovereignty.ThisGovernment believe in the pound sterling.政府并不打算废除英镑。如果欧元的能力越来越强大，也许该由未来的议会和下一代来做出决定。这个决定只能做一次，但并不是现在，需要在进行过非常谨慎的思考之后。我相信议会和英镑为我们的国家以及其他国家服务得非常好。政府相信英镑。Dr.David Owen: Is it not perfectly clear that what was being attempted at Rome was a bounceand a bounce that led only one way, and that was to a single federal united states of Europe?And is it not vital that in this House, across party lines, it is possible for a prime minister to goand make it clear, if necessary, that Britain is prepared to stand alone? We don's relish it, butthat if necessary, if we are faced by the imposition, by treaty of an obligation to a singlecurrency and a situation which would prevent enlargement to Poland, Hungary andCzechoslovakia, Britain would be entitled and right to use the veto? Dr.David Owen：我们现在还不是很清楚，罗马经济是否在反弹，经济反弹又会给这个联邦制的欧洲合众国造成怎样的影响？并不是至关重要的，在这政府里，跨越党派界线，就有可能靠一个首相去弄清楚，如果有必要，英国正在准备孤军奋战？我们不喜欢它，但是，如果有必要，如果我们面临的实施，通过条约的义务统一的货币和情况来防止欧盟东扩至波兰、匈牙利和捷克斯洛伐克，英国将拥有和有权使用否决权吗？
Mr.Ron Leighton: There is no majority in the House for EMU, but is the Prime Minister awarethat I attended a conference in Italy last year at which an Italian Minister spoke to me aboutEMU? I said, “What if Mrs.Thatcher opposes it?” And ungallantly, he laughed loud and he said, “We have met Mrs.Thatcher many times-she squawks and makes a noise at the beginningbut always comes round and gives way in the end.” Now what assurances and guarantees canseek of this House today that she will not give way on this issue, as she did give way on theMadrid condition about British inflation before joining the ERM? Mr.Ron Leighton：支持货币不统一化的占多数，但是部长你还记得去年我在意大利参加会议时，意大利部长和我说的这件事吗？我当时说；“如果撒切尔夫人反对的话怎么办？”他笑的很大声，然后说，“我们见过撒切尔夫人很多次了，她总是在一开始意见很多，反对不休，但最终会妥协。”在这种情况下，什么样的担保和保证能够确保她一开始的反对不会化为最终的妥协呢？尤其是她曾在英国通货膨胀之后妥协于马德里条约加入了汇率机制。
That is what they said, Mr Speaker, when I was negotiating for a better budget deal for Britain.Twice, they and the people in the Commission and our people in the Commission and we had thepresidency of the Commission, advised me to give way.They found out differently.这是他们说的，当我曾为了英国进行更好的财务沟通时，他们以及委员会的人以及我们的人沟通之后，劝我还是妥协。但他们现在的说法完全不一样。
Mr.Tony Favell: Mr Speaker, next Wednesday, the doors of this Chamber will be closed to BlackRod as a symbol of the independence of this House.What would be the effect on theindependence of this House and the nation which elects it if the power to veto proposalsaffecting social affairs, the environment and taxation were to be removed? Mr.Tony Favell：下周三，这个房间的门将会对黑人关闭，作为政府独立的象征。那么政府的独立会有什么样的效果？投反对票的国家呢？受到影响的社会事件，环境以及税率会变吗？
Mr Speaker, I hope that, when the next election comes, people who want to come to this Housewill come to uphold its powers and its responsibilities, and not to denude the House of them.Wehave surrendered some of them to the Community.In my view we have surrendered enough.我希望，当下一届选举到来之时，人们想要进入政府的能够担当好自己的权利和责任，而不是屈服于政府中的其他人。我们已经向某些人妥协了，我认为已经足够了。
Mr.Tony Benn: And then is the Prime Minister aware that what we are really discussing is notmatter of economic management, but the whole future of the relation between this country andEurope? Are the British people when they vote in a general election to be able to change thepolicies of the government that has previously veto? And it is already a fact, as the Houseknows full well, that whatever Government is in power, our agricultural policy is now controlledfrom Brussels, our trade policy is controlled from Brussels and our industrial policy is controlledfrom Brussels and if we go into EMU, our financial policy will be controlled.It is a democraticargument, not a nationalistic argument.But now as they say this is the Prime Minister and it’d bethe member of the Government who took us into the EC without consulting the British people,having been the Prime Minister of the Government who agreed to the Single European Actwithout consulting the British people, having now agreed to the ERM without consulting the Britishpeople.We find it hard to believe that she is really intent on preserving democracy rather thangaining some political advantage from waving some national argument in the eve of a generalelection.That is why we do not trust her own judgment on the matter.Mr.Tony Benn：部长意识到我们实际上讨论的并不是经济的管理问题，而是我们国家和欧洲未来关系的走向问题。英国人民在大选当中投票能够改变政府先前的投票结果吗？这已是一个事实，政府心里也很清楚，无论政府有着什么样的权利，我们的农业政策是掌控在布鲁塞尔手里，我们的贸易政策，工业政策也是如此。如果我们加入统一汇率机制，我们的金融政策也会被控制。这是一个共和的争辩，并不是一个国家的争辩。但是他们说这是部长，政府的一员使英国人在不知情的情况下加入了欧盟，那么也可以在英国人不知情的情况下加入统一的货币机制。我们觉得很难去相信她真正的目的保留共和而不是在大选前夕从一些国家辩论中获得更多的政治优势。这也是为什么我们不相信她在这件事上将会做出合理决断的原因。
Mr Speaker, I think that I would put it just a little bit differently from the right honorableGentleman, although I recognise some of the force of some of the points that he is making.Ithink when the Delors proposals for EMU came out, the economic and monetary union, it wassaid immediately by my right hon.Friend, the then Chancellor of the Exchequer that this was notreally about monetary policy at all.It is really about a back door to a federal Europe, a federalEurope taking many many democratic powers away from democratically elected bodies to non-elected ones.I believe fervently that that is true, which is why I will have nothing to do with theirdefinition of economic and monetary union.我认为想对那位绅士提出一点点不同的意见，尽管我在某种程度上承认他说的话。我认为Delors对统一货币机制的建议来自于经济和货币协会。朋友们，这一切和货币政策毫无相关。这实际上是对联邦欧盟开后门的表现，联邦的欧盟用很多共和的手段来使得有选举机制的国家朝着无选举机制发展。这是我的想法。这也是我为什么认为他们的经济和货币联盟定义毫无意义的原因。
第二篇：撒切尔夫人英国国会辩论经典片段(双语文本)
撒切尔夫人英国国会辩论经典片段（双语文本）
英国前首相撒切尔夫人国会辩论现场，在议会辩论中，撒切尔夫人猛烈抨击工党的新税制，认为新税制不单是大步奔向社会主义，更是通往共产主义之路，从而奠定了她强而有力的议会辩手的名声。铁娘子最经典的“No,No,No!”把工党杀得体无完肤。面对质疑和不满，撒切尔夫人强有力的应对，不失夫人本色，也不忘适度“发飙”。
On economic and monetary union, I stressed that we would be ready to move beyond the present position to the creation of a European monetary fund and a common community currency which we have called a hard ECU.But we would not be prepared to agree to set a date for starting the next stage of economic and monetary union before there is any agreement on what that stage should comprise.And I again emphasised that we would not be prepared to have a single currency imposed upon us, nor to surrender the use of the pound sterling as our currency.关于经济和货币联盟，我强调过我们需要做好准备，跨越目前的处境，来建立一个欧洲货币基金和共同的通用货币，也就是我们所说的欧洲货币单位。但在开始为下一阶段的经济和货币联盟登上舞台做好准备之前，我们并不会为这个协议的实现设定一个日期。我再次强调，我们不愿被逼使用统一货币，也不会屈服于把英镑作为我们的使用货币的做法。
It is our purpose to retain the power and influence of this House, and not to denude it of many of the powers.I wonder what the right honourable gentleman's policy is, in view of some of the things he said.Would he have agreed to a commitment to extend the Community's powers to other supplementary sectors of economic integrations without having any definition of what they are? Would he? Because you would've thought he would from what he said.One of them was that the Commission wants to extend its powers and competence into the area of health.We said no.We weren't going to agree to those since on what he says, he sounded as if he would, for the sake of agreeing, for the sake of being little sir echo, and saying, “Me too.” 我们的目的就是保留政府的权利以及影响，而不是剥夺他们的权利。鉴于刚刚你所说的事情，这位正直尊贵的绅士，我想知道你的政策是什么？在没有任何明确定义的情况下，他会同意扩大联盟的权力来补充其他行业没有的经济融合吗？他会吗？你们会认为他会说到做到。其中之一是，欧盟委员会希望将权力和能力扩展至医疗健康领域。我们不赞成，我们并不打算同意他所说的一切，他听起来似乎是会这样做，仅仅是为了一种妥协而已，或者是一种绅士的态度，所以他会说 “我也会。”
Would the he have agreed to extending qualified majority of voting within the Council, to delegating implementing powers to the Commission, to a common security policy, all without any attempt to define or limit them? The answer is yes.He hasn't got a clue about the definition of some of the things he is saying, let alone securing a definition of others.在没有任何限制和定义的情况下，他会同意理事会扩大合格的多数投票来将权力委托给委员会或制定一个常见的安全政策，吗？答案是肯定的。他还搞不清楚的他所定义的一些事情，更别提关于其他的定义了。
Yes, the Commission does want to increase its powers.Yes, it is a non-elected body and I do not want the Commission to increase its powers against its House.So of course we are differing.Of course the chairman or the president of the Commission, Mr.Delors, said at a press conference the other day that he wanted the European Parliament to be the democratic body of the Community, he wanted the Commission to be the executive and he wanted the Council of Ministers to be the Senate.No.No.No.的确，委员会并不想要增加它的权利。是的，这是一个非选举产生的主体，我并不希望委员会增加权利来对抗政府。所以我们当然在改变。Delors先生作为委员会的主席或总统，在新闻发布会上说有一天他希望欧洲议会是一个民主机构，他希望委员会执行力能更强，他希望内阁会议由参议院指出，但这些都没能实现。
Or, or perhaps the Labour Party would give all those things up easily.Perhaps they would agree to a single currency to total abolition of the pound sterling.Perhaps being totally incompetent with monetary matters, they'd be only too delighted to hand over the full responsibility as they did to the IMF, to a central bank.The fact is, they have no competence on money, no competence on the economy, so, yes, the right honourable gentleman would be glad to hand it all over.And what is the point in trying to get elected to Parliament only to hand over your sterling and to hand over the powers of this House to Europe? 也许工党会将所有这些事情变得很容易。也许他们会同意用一个单一货币来废除英镑。也许这完全算不上是货币问题，他们会非常高兴地将所有责任转交给中央银行。事实是，他们在货币政策上无所作为，在经济发展上同样一事无成，所以这位正直尊贵的绅士很愿意完全交出责任。那么你们在议会中获选，仅仅是为了将手中的金钱和权利移交给欧洲政府吗？
Norman Tebbit：My right honourable friend not agree that the mark of a single currency is that all other currencies must be extinguished.And not nearly extinguished, but that the capacity of other institutions to issue currency has to be extinguished.And that in the case of the United Kingdom, would involve this parliament binding its successors in a way which we have hitherto regarded as unconstitutional.Norman Tebbit: 我亲爱的朋友并不认为单一货币是其他货币必须消失的标志。或者并不是消失，而是其他部门对金钱的控制力应该消除。在英国的情况来说，应该让议会将其继承者和我们认为的非宪法行为结合起来。
This government has no intention of abolishing the pound sterling.If the hard ECU evolved into much much greater use, that would be a decision for future parliaments and future generations.It would be a decision which could only be taken once, and a decision which should not be approached in this atmosphere, but only after the greatest possible consideration.I believe both Parliament and sterling have served our country and the rest of the world very well.I believe we are more stable and more influential with it, I believe it is an expression of sovereignty.This Government believe in the pound sterling.政府并不打算废除英镑。如果欧元的能力越来越强大，也许该由未来的议会和下一代来做出决定。这个决定只能做一次，但并不是现在，需要在进行过非常谨慎的思考之后。我相信议会和英镑为我们的国家以及其他国家服务得非常好。政府相信英镑。
Dr.David Owen: Is it not perfectly clear that what was being attempted at Rome was a bounce and a bounce that led only one way, and that was to a single federal united states of Europe? And is it not vital that in this House, across party lines, it is possible for a prime minister to go and make it clear, if necessary, that Britain is prepared to stand alone? We don's relish it, but that if necessary, if we are faced by the imposition, by treaty of an obligation to a single currency and a situation which would prevent enlargement to Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia, Britain would be entitled and right to use the veto? Dr.David Owen：我们现在还不是很清楚，罗马经济是否在反弹，经济反弹又会给这个联邦制的欧洲合众国造成怎样的影响？并不是至关重要的，在这政府里，跨越党派界线，就有可能靠一个首相去弄清楚，如果有必要，英国正在准备孤军奋战？我们不喜欢它，但是，如果有必要，如果我们面临的实施，通过条约的义务统一的货币和情况来防止欧盟东扩至波兰、匈牙利和捷克斯洛伐克，英国将拥有和有权使用否决权吗？ Mr.Ron Leighton: There is no majority in the House for EMU, but is the Prime Minister aware that I attended a conference in Italy last year at which an Italian Minister spoke to me about EMU? I said, “What if Mrs.Thatcher opposes it?” And ungallantly, he laughed loud and he said, “We have met Mrs.Thatcher many times-she squawks and makes a noise at the beginning but always comes round and gives way in the end.” Now what assurances and guarantees can seek of this House today that she will not give way on this issue, as she did give way on the Madrid condition about British inflation before joining the ERM? Mr.Ron Leighton：支持货币不统一化的占多数，但是部长你还记得去年我在意大利参加会议时，意大利部长和我说的这件事吗？我当时说；“如果撒切尔夫人反对的话怎么办？”他笑的很大声，然后说，“我们见过撒切尔夫人很多次了，她总是在一开始意见很多，反对不休，但最终会妥协。”在这种情况下，什么样的担保和保证能够确保她一开始的反对不会化为最终的妥协呢？尤其是她曾在英国通货膨胀之后妥协于马德里条约加入了汇率机制。That is what they said, Mr Speaker, when I was negotiating for a better budget deal for Britain.Twice, they and the people in the Commission and our people in the Commission and we had the presidency of the Commission, advised me to give way.They found out differently.这是他们说的，当我曾为了英国进行更好的财务沟通时，他们以及委员会的人以及我们的人沟通之后，劝我还是妥协。但他们现在的说法完全不一样。
Mr.Tony Favell: Mr Speaker, next Wednesday, the doors of this Chamber will be closed to Black Rod as a symbol of the independence of this House.What would be the effect on the independence of this House and the nation which elects it if the power to veto proposals affecting social affairs, the environment and taxation were to be removed? Mr.Tony Favell：下周三，这个房间的门将会对黑人关闭，作为政府独立的象征。那么政府的独立会有什么样的效果？投反对票的国家呢？受到影响的社会事件，环境以及税率会变吗？
Mr Speaker, I hope that, when the next election comes, people who want to come to this House will come to uphold its powers and its responsibilities, and not to denude the House of them.We have surrendered some of them to the Community.In my view we have surrendered enough.我希望，当下一届选举到来之时，人们想要进入政府的能够担当好自己的权利和责任，而不是屈服于政府中的其他人。我们已经向某些人妥协了，我认为已经足够了。Mr.Tony Benn: And then is the Prime Minister aware that what we are really discussing is not matter of economic management, but the whole future of the relation between this country and Europe? Are the British people when they vote in a general election to be able to change the policies of the government that has previously veto? And it is already a fact, as the House knows full well, that whatever Government is in power, our agricultural policy is now controlled from Brussels, our trade policy is controlled from Brussels and our industrial policy is controlled from Brussels and if we go into EMU, our financial policy will be controlled.It is a democratic argument, not a nationalistic argument.But now as they say this is the Prime Minister and it’d be the member of the Government who took us into the EC without consulting the British people, having been the Prime Minister of the Government who agreed to the Single European Act without consulting the British people, having now agreed to the ERM without consulting the British people.We find it hard to believe that she is really intent on preserving democracy rather than gaining some political advantage from waving some national argument in the eve of a general election.That is why we do not trust her own judgment on the matter.Mr.Tony Benn：部长意识到我们实际上讨论的并不是经济的管理问题，而是我们国家和欧洲未来关系的走向问题。英国人民在大选当中投票能够改变政府先前的投票结果吗？这已是一个事实，政府心里也很清楚，无论政府有着什么样的权利，我们的农业政策是掌控在布鲁塞尔手里，我们的贸易政策，工业政策也是如此。如果我们加入统一汇率机制，我们的金融政策也会被控制。这是一个共和的争辩，并不是一个国家的争辩。但是他们说这是部长，政府的一员使英国人在不知情的情况下加入了欧盟，那么也可以在英国人不知情的情况下加入统一的货币机制。我们觉得很难去相信她真正的目的保留共和而不是在大选前夕从一些国家辩论中获得更多的政治优势。这也是为什么我们不相信她在这件事上将会做出合理决断的原因。
Mr Speaker, I think that I would put it just a little bit differently from the right honorable Gentleman, although I recognise some of the force of some of the points that he is making.I think when the Delors proposals for EMU came out, the economic and monetary union, it was said immediately by my right hon.Friend, the then Chancellor of the Exchequer that this was not really about monetary policy at all.It is really about a back door to a federal Europe, a federal Europe taking many many democratic powers away from democratically elected bodies to non-elected ones.I believe fervently that that is true, which is why I will have nothing to do with their definition of economic and monetary union.我认为想对那位绅士提出一点点不同的一件，尽管我在某种程度上承认他说的话。我认为Delors对统一货币机制的建议来自于经济和货币协会。朋友们，这一切和货币政策毫无相关。这实际上是对联邦欧盟开后门的表现，联邦的欧盟用很多共和的手段来使得有选举机制的国家朝着无选举机制发展。这是我的想法。这也是我为什么认为他们的经济和货币联盟定义毫无意义的原因。
第三篇：撒切尔夫人英国国会辩论经典片段
撒切尔夫人英国国会辩论经典片段（双语文本）
英国前首相撒切尔夫人国会辩论现场，在议会辩论中，撒切尔夫人猛烈抨击工党的新税制，认为新税制不单是大步奔向社
英国前首相撒切尔夫人国会辩论现场，在议会辩论中，撒切尔夫人猛烈抨击工党的新税制，认为新税制不单是大步奔向社会主义，更是通往共产主义之路，从而奠定了她强而有力的议会辩手的名声。铁娘子最经典的“No,No,No!”把工党杀得体无完肤。面对质疑和不满，撒切尔夫人强有力的应对，不失夫人本色，也不忘适度“发飙”。
On economic and monetary union, I stressed that we would be ready to move beyond the present position to the creation of a European monetary fund and a common community currency which we have called a hard ECU.But we would not be prepared to agree to set a date for starting the next stage of economic and monetary union before there is any agreement on what that stage should comprise.And I again emphasised that we would not be prepared to have a single currency imposed upon us, nor to surrender the use of the pound sterling as our currency.关于经济和货币联盟，我强调过我们需要做好准备，跨越目前的处境，来建立一个欧洲货币基金和共同的通用货币，也就是我们所说的欧洲货币单位。但在开始为下一阶段的经济和货币联盟登上舞台做好准备之前，我们并不会为这个协议的实现设定一个日期。我再次强调，我们不愿被逼使用统一货币，也不会屈服于把英镑作为我们的使用货币的做法。It is our purpose to retain the power and influence of this House, and not to denude it of many of the powers.I wonder what the right honourable gentleman's policy is, in view of some of the things he said.Would he have agreed to a commitment to extend the Community's powers to other supplementary sectors of economic integrations without having any definition of what they are? Would he? Because you would've thought he would from what he said.One of them was that the Commission wants to extend its powers and competence into the area of health.We said no.We weren't going to agree to those since on what he says, he sounded as if he would, for the sake of agreeing, for the sake of being little sir echo, and saying, “Me too.” 我们的目的就是保留政府的权利以及影响，而不是剥夺他们的权利。鉴于刚刚你所说的事情，这位正直尊贵的绅士，我想知道你的政策是什么？在没有任何明确定义的情况下，他会同意扩大联盟的权力来补充其他行业没有的经济融合吗？他会吗？你们会认为他会说到做到。其中之一是，欧盟委员会希望将权力和能力扩展至医疗健康领域。我们不赞成，我们并不打算同意他所说的一切，他听起来似乎是会这样做，仅仅是为了一种妥协而已，或者是一种绅士的态度，所以他会说 “我也会。”
Would the he have agreed to extending qualified majority of voting within the Council, to delegating implementing powers to the Commission, to a common security policy, all without any attempt to define or limit them? The answer is yes.He hasn't got a clue about the definition of some of the things he is saying, let alone securing a definition of others.在没有任何限制和定义的情况下，他会同意理事会扩大合格的多数投票来将权力委托给委员会或制定一个常见的安全政策，吗？答案是肯定的。他还搞不清楚的他所定义的一些事情，更别提关于其他的定义了。
Yes, the Commission does want to increase its powers.Yes, it is a non-elected body and I do not want the Commission to increase its powers against its House.So of course we are differing.Of course the chairman or the president of the Commission, Mr.Delors, said at a press conference the other day that he wanted the European Parliament to be the democratic body of the Community, he wanted the Commission to be the executive and he wanted the Council of Ministers to be the Senate.No.No.No.的确，委员会并不想要增加它的权利。是的，这是一个非选举产生的主体，我并不希望委员会增加权利来对抗政府。所以我们当然在改变。Delors先生作为委员会的主席或总统，在新闻发布会上说有一天他希望欧洲议会是一个民主机构，他希望委员会执行力能更强，他希望内阁会议由参议院指出，但这些都没能实现。
Or, or perhaps the Labour Party would give all those things up easily.Perhaps they would agree to a single currency to total abolition of the pound sterling.Perhaps being totally incompetent with monetary matters, they'd be only too delighted to hand over the full responsibility as they did to the IMF, to a central bank.The fact is, they have no competence on money, no competence on the economy, so, yes, the right honourable gentleman would be glad to hand it all over.And what is the point in trying to get elected to Parliament only to hand over your sterling and to hand over the powers of this House to Europe? 也许工党会将所有这些事情变得很容易。也许他们会同意用一个单一货币来废除英镑。也许这完全算不上是货币问题，他们会非常高兴地将所有责任转交给中央银行。事实是，他们在货币政策上无所作为，在经济发展上同样一事无成，所以这位正直尊贵的绅士很愿意完全交出责任。那么你们在议会中获选，仅仅是为了将手中的金钱和权利移交给欧洲政府吗？ Norman Tebbit：My right honourable friend not agree that the mark of a single currency is that all other currencies must be extinguished.And not nearly extinguished, but that the capacity of other institutions to issue currency has to be extinguished.And that in the case of the United Kingdom, would involve this parliament binding its successors in a way which we have hitherto regarded as unconstitutional.Norman Tebbit: 我亲爱的朋友并不认为单一货币是其他货币必须消失的标志。或者并不是消失，而是其他部门对金钱的控制力应该消除。在英国的情况来说，应该让议会将其继承者和我们认为的非宪法行为结合起来。This government has no intention of abolishing the pound sterling.If the hard ECU evolved into much much greater use, that would be a decision for future parliaments and future generations.It would be a decision which could only be taken once, and a decision which should not be approached in this atmosphere, but only after the greatest possible consideration.I believe both Parliament and sterling have served our country and the rest of the world very well.I believe we are more stable and more influential with it, I believe it is an expression of sovereignty.This Government believe in the pound sterling.政府并不打算废除英镑。如果欧元的能力越来越强大，也许该由未来的议会和下一代来做出决定。这个决定只能做一次，但并不是现在，需要在进行过非常谨慎的思考之后。我相信议会和英镑为我们的国家以及其他国家服务得非常好。政府相信英镑。
Dr.David Owen: Is it not perfectly clear that what was being attempted at Rome was a bounce and a bounce that led only one way, and that was to a single federal united states of Europe? And is it not vital that in this House, across party lines, it is possible for a prime minister to go and make it clear, if necessary, that Britain is prepared to stand alone? We don's relish it, but that if necessary, if we are faced by the imposition, by treaty of an obligation to a single currency and a situation which would prevent enlargement to Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia, Britain would be entitled and right to use the veto? Dr.David Owen：我们现在还不是很清楚，罗马经济是否在反弹，经济反弹又会给这个联邦制的欧洲合众国造成怎样的影响？并不是至关重要的，在这政府里，跨越党派界线，就有可能靠一个首相去弄清楚，如果有必要，英国正在准备孤军奋战？我们不喜欢它，但是，如果有必要，如果我们面临的实施，通过条约的义务统一的货币和情况来防止欧盟东扩至波兰、匈牙利和捷克斯洛伐克，英国将拥有和有权使用否决权吗？
Mr.Ron Leighton: There is no majority in the House for EMU, but is the Prime Minister aware that I attended a conference in Italy last year at which an Italian Minister spoke to me about EMU? I said, “What if Mrs.Thatcher opposes it?” And ungallantly, he laughed loud and he said, “We have met Mrs.Thatcher many times-she squawks and makes a noise at the beginning but always comes round and gives way in the end.” Now what assurances and guarantees can seek of this House today that she will not give way on this issue, as she did give way on the Madrid condition about British inflation before joining the ERM? Mr.Ron Leighton：支持货币不统一化的占多数，但是部长你还记得去年我在意大利参加会议时，意大利部长和我说的这件事吗？我当时说；“如果撒切尔夫人反对的话怎么办？”他笑的很大声，然后说，“我们见过撒切尔夫人很多次了，她总是在一开始意见很多，反对不休，但最终会妥协。”在这种情况下，什么样的担保和保证能够确保她一开始的反对不会化为最终的妥协呢？尤其是她曾在英国通货膨胀之后妥协于马德里条约加入了汇率机制。That is what they said, Mr Speaker, when I was negotiating for a better budget deal for Britain.Twice, they and the people in the Commission and our people in the Commission and we had the presidency of the Commission, advised me to give way.They found out differently.这是他们说的，当我曾为了英国进行更好的财务沟通时，他们以及委员会的人以及我们的人沟通之后，劝我还是妥协。但他们现在的说法完全不一样。
Mr.Tony Favell: Mr Speaker, next Wednesday, the doors of this Chamber will be closed to Black Rod as a symbol of the independence of this House.What would be the effect on the independence of this House and the nation which elects it if the power to veto proposals affecting social affairs, the environment and taxation were to be removed? Mr.Tony Favell：下周三，这个房间的门将会对黑人关闭，作为政府独立的象征。那么政府的独立会有什么样的效果？投反对票的国家呢？受到影响的社会事件，环境以及税率会变吗？
Mr Speaker, I hope that, when the next election comes, people who want to come to this House will come to uphold its powers and its responsibilities, and not to denude the House of them.We have surrendered some of them to the Community.In my view we have surrendered enough.我希望，当下一届选举到来之时，人们想要进入政府的能够担当好自己的权利和责任，而不是屈服于政府中的其他人。我们已经向某些人妥协了，我认为已经足够了。
Mr.Tony Benn: And then is the Prime Minister aware that what we are really discussing is not matter of economic management, but the whole future of the relation between this country and Europe? Are the British people when they vote in a general election to be able to change the policies of the government that has previously veto? And it is already a fact, as the House knows full well, that whatever Government is in power, our agricultural policy is now controlled from Brussels, our trade policy is controlled from Brussels and our industrial policy is controlled from Brussels and if we go into EMU, our financial policy will be controlled.It is a democratic argument, not a nationalistic argument.But now as they say this is the Prime Minister and it’d be the member of the Government who took us into the EC without consulting the British people, having been the Prime Minister of the Government who agreed to the Single European Act without consulting the British people, having now agreed to the ERM without consulting the British people.We find it hard to believe that she is really intent on preserving democracy rather than gaining some political advantage from waving some national argument in the eve of a general election.That is why we do not trust her own judgment on the matter.Mr.Tony Benn：部长意识到我们实际上讨论的并不是经济的管理问题，而是我们国家和欧洲未来关系的走向问题。英国人民在大选当中投票能够改变政府先前的投票结果吗？这已是一个事实，政府心里也很清楚，无论政府有着什么样的权利，我们的农业政策是掌控在布鲁塞尔手里，我们的贸易政策，工业政策也是如此。如果我们加入统一汇率机制，我们的金融政策也会被控制。这是一个共和的争辩，并不是一个国家的争辩。但是他们说这是部长，政府的一员使英国人在不知情的情况下加入了欧盟，那么也可以在英国人不知情的情况下加入统一的货币机制。我们觉得很难去相信她真正的目的保留共和而不是在大选前夕从一些国家辩论中获得更多的政治优势。这也是为什么我们不相信她在这件事上将会做出合理决断的原因。
Mr Speaker, I think that I would put it just a little bit differently from the right honorable Gentleman, although I recognise some of the force of some of the points that he is making.I think when the Delors proposals for EMU came out, the economic and monetary union, it was said immediately by my right hon.Friend, the then Chancellor of the Exchequer that this was not really about monetary policy at all.It is really about a back door to a federal Europe, a federal Europe taking many many democratic powers away from democratically elected bodies to non-elected ones.I believe fervently that that is true, which is why I will have nothing to do with their definition of economic and monetary union.我认为想对那位绅士提出一点点不同的一件，尽管我在某种程度上承认他说的话。我认为Delors对统一货币机制的建议来自于经济和货币协会。朋友们，这一切和货币政策毫无相关。这实际上是对联邦欧盟开后门的表现，联邦的欧盟用很多共和的手段来使得有选举机制的国家朝着无选举机制发展。这是我的想法。这也是我为什么认为他们的经济和货币联盟定义毫无意义的原因。
第四篇：英国前首相撒切尔夫人沟通艺术评析
英国前首相撒切尔夫人
沟通艺术评析
英国前首相撒切尔夫人
沟通艺术评析
英国前首相撒切尔夫人1979年至1990年任职，是英国历史上唯一一位女首相，也是英国20世纪连续执政时间最长的首相。她被苏联《红星报》称为“铁娘子”，她被认为是继丘吉尔以后英国最有影响力的人。
这样一位传奇女性，如何与家人、大臣们、普通民众沟通的呢？身为保守党的一员，与工党辩论时语言有什么特点呢？我们来共同探讨。我主要从2部作品大致了解撒切尔夫人经历、沟通方式与语言，从中推断总结撒切尔夫的的语言特点。一是电影《铁娘子》（英语：The Iron Lady），英国女导演菲利达〃劳埃德执导，美国著名演员梅丽尔〃斯特里普主演的传记电影。一是《通往权利之路》撒切尔夫人的传记（电子网络版）。
从这两部作品中，了解到撒切尔夫人沟通艺术来源于她的家庭、父亲影响、执政经历等方面。她出生在杂货铺的家庭，每天都要打理生意、做好清整工作。她父亲是保守党的议员，做过格兰瑟姆市市长（1945年－1946年），父亲的执政理念对她的从政生涯有深远影响。
她的“铁娘子”称号不仅在她的执政风格上，更在她的沟通方式上表现尤为突出。总体来说，英国人绅士，讲起话来注重语法、刻板、有风度、礼貌、避讳坦白与直言。在沟通行为上，公共场合一般不主动和别人搭讪，没有美国人热情。而她语直白，举例生动鲜活，内容多来源于生活，充满希望、振奋人心。
经过总结，她的沟通艺术存在以下特点：
一、语言内容与生活息息相关
形成背景。开杂货铺的家庭，让她必须了解生活、懂得生活，为了生活奔波碌命，深知其中的艰辛。她离不开生活中鸡毛蒜皮，什么时候要节省开支，什么时候要购入什么样的货品；接触人群大多为英国家庭妇女；知道普通家庭的需求与追求。这都注定她与其他首相质的不同（可谓出身平民）。
表现形式。她代表保守党与工党在议会上辩论时，对方曾耻笑她的辩论内容过为“小儿科”，不足登“大雅之堂”，遭到工党代表大声耻笑。但她所揭示的，正与人们息息相关、亟须解决的。让所有人接触到一个新的领域，虽让人不以为是，但却能给英国民众带来长足影响。她无论是与家人还是与党内要员、国会议员交谈，谈话内容肯定都是生活密切相关。“XX品牌的牛奶多少钱”、“XX品牌的黄油多少钱”、“当我们这个月的生活费不够的时候，我们就得过几天拮据的日子” ……并以此为证与人辩驳。这是家庭背影与生活经历带给她与众不同礼物（指国家要员们），像基因一样塑造她的性格，构成她与人沟通要素，一生一世。
二、常引用名言句典。
形成原因。执政初期引用句典，是缺乏政治地位而提高话语权的一种有效方式与途径。后期表现在说服能力与政客观点的一致性上。
用别人的话为自己佐证，是用更有权威的话鼓舞士气，更是自己内心深处思絮的共鸣。初登政坛，她用名人名言为自己代言，表示决心，争得大家的认可。在她成功竞选为首相的时候，用 “方济各”（Francis of Assisi，1182-1226年，罗马天主教方济各会的创始人，最为人尊崇的圣徒之一）的话来表明自己的立场与执政理念。
“凡是有不和的地方，我们都要为和谐而努力。凡是有谬误的地方，我们都要为真理而努力。凡是有疑虑的地方，我们都要为信任而努力。凡是有绝望的地方，我们都要为希望而努力。”
这种沟通方式上不仅能够让各界人士接受，更有效提高自己的形象，达到一种“人神合一”的效果，强化自身形象与气势。
三、说话方式直截了当、直言不讳
形成原因。说话直截了当，是实用主义、功利主义的一种表现形式。执政中期的时候，撒切尔夫人奔波政务，没有更多精力厘清充满各种目的、玄机语言的真正涵义，这让她很是苦恼。注重实用、注重效果的她，喜欢直来直去，表达即是字面意思。在一定程度来讲，她是英国文化大背景下的异类——语言绅士、内容隐晦风格相左。而她沟通方式的这一特点恰恰让她更能了解事实真相、大臣们的真实想法，实现最高效沟通。
表现形式。她不喜欢背后议论、不喜欢语言隐讳，她喜欢对面锣当面鼓的说话方式。内阁、大臣们背后议论、窃窃私语的交流方式她不买账。她当面批评他们有什么话当面说出来。
四、语言严谨、字斟句酌
形成原因。与她的个人性格和所学专业相关。她性格倔强，不达目的誓不罢休：“我要继续战斗，我要战斗直至胜利”，这是她1990年11月21日票选保守党主席是的宣言，但她并未取得足够选票，次日辞去首相职务。她在牛津大学自学拉丁文，仅用1年时间完成了一般人用4年时间才能完成学努习，可见其性格特点。大学期间，她学习自然科学，主攻化学专业。做为一名理工类学生，做事公式化、程序化是理工类学习普遍方法论。这2方面导致了她讲话字斟句酌，语言谨慎。
表现形式。1984年10月12日午夜，她在布莱顿大饭店正在准备一篇演讲稿。凌晨2点50分，她所住饭店遭到爱尔兰共和军袭击，她和丈夫险些丧命。即使这样，她仍保持夜间工作习惯，毫不倦待。大小讲话稿她都要样亲自重读修改，这个习惯构筑了她语言的一个特点：有气势、严谨、注重语法、好修辞、打动人心、没有瑕疵。（语不惊人死不休的严要求、高标准！）
五、说话有气势、语气强势
多用：“必须”、“一定”等语气词语。
形成背景。她初期参加竞选时，有意识的去塑造自己的讲话风格。她请老师对她的讲话方式和语调、语式作系统化练习，强化个人魅力。经过长期执政，英国经济由衰落走向复苏，她个人的影响与魅力得到英国人的认可，自身价值得已实现，执政理念——“撒切尔主义”得到贯彻，自我认知与实践达到空前一致，信心增长，语言则显得更有气势，或者称为霸道。
表现事件。在马岛（马尔维纳斯群岛或称福克兰群岛）战争前后，这种语气常常出现，让人有巨大的压力感。美国国务卿访英意图说服她，通过和平方式解决时，她的强势语言与有力说辞让美国务卿哑口无言、无言以对。她与军事家、军官沟通时的语气，坚定他们夺取战争胜利信心的时候，与死难军人家属进行书信与广播的时候，她在马岛战争后与工党辩论的时候，压倒一切的语言魅力与气势，都体现得淋漓尽致。
六、说话刻薄，直中要害、不留余地
这是她执政后期主要的语言特点。这时候的撒切尔夫人自信爆棚，到了她人生巅峰时刻。她固执己见，听不进去他人意见（执政以来英国的辉煌，让她更为自信），给人带来强烈危机感、不适感。形成原因。这是她执政后期形成的一种状态，理性智慧超然的一种精神状态：一切事物、人都看在她的眼里，有掌握一切的信心，看得懂一切；只要她稍加操作，就有扳到巨人的信心。是种“我是救世主、拯救世人”的精神状态，是种“愚蠢的人类等待我的解放和求赎”的思维模式。这时她目中无人，其他人都是“低能”、“易犯错误”的。导致她对人不尊重、不留情面、语言尖酸刻薄、让人很难相处。
表现形式。在国会、议会、商讨国家政策得到党内泛支持会议，当众羞辱内阁，纠正低级错误，对其他人不放在眼里，用语言刺激众人。（也是因为这种状态）拟定政策缺乏人性、要求苛刻，使得自己秘书辞职、党内其他派系分道扬镳、党内同仁失去信任与忠诚、英国民众对她及其不满。在党内票选党首过程中，她自信到没有回国为自己拉票，而是在国外见证国际冷战结束的欢愉时刻（撒切尔夫人帮助结束冷战）。当她意识到大势不妙的时候，为时已晚。在几次票选失利，使得她不得不辞去首相职务。
撒切尔夫人的一生是传奇的，她的执政风格硬朗，语言犀利，铸成“铁娘子”形象，把这些因素综合起来，在她的执政道路上起着积极作用。最后，用撒切尔夫人的座佑铭来作结语，“人们已不习惯思考和想法，只习惯于去感觉。注意你所想的，因为它会变成你嘴里的话。注意你所说的，因为它会变成你实际的行动。注意你所行为，因为它会形成你的习惯。注意你所习惯，因为它会形成你的人格。注意你所人格，因为它会影响你的命运。所以，你所想的是什么，你就会形成什么样的人！”
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