美国副总统切尼2004年在复旦大学的演讲词开场白

第一篇：美国副总统切尼2004年在复旦大学的演讲词开场白

美国副总统切尼2004年在复旦大学的演讲词开场白

Thank you very much, Mr.Mayor.I appreciate your kind words of introduction.And we are delighted to be here today.My wife and I are privileged to have the opportunity once again to travel in China.// We are grateful for the welcome we have received, especially for the kind of reception here at Fudan University.We thank you for the honor, and we bring you good wishes from President George W.Bush and the People of the United States.//

I know that many of you will soon graduate from this great university.I am told the standards are extremely demanding here, and a degree from Fudan University signifies years of hard work and discipline.// I congratulate each of you on your achievement, and I commend your teacher for upholding the tradition of excellence that marks the 99-year history of Fudan University.美国副总统切尼2004年在复旦大学的演讲词开场白译文

[切尼]:非常感谢市长先生，感谢您刚才的美言介绍。今天来到这里，我们非常高兴。有幸再次来到贵国访问，我和我夫人都感到非常高兴。感谢贵国对我们的欢迎，尤其是复旦大学的款待，谢谢你们给我们的这份荣幸。我们此行带来了布什总统以及美国人民的良好祝愿。我知道在座很多同学很快就要从这所伟大的学府毕业，我听说这里的标准严格，复旦大学的学位代表着多年勤学苦练的结晶，我祝贺在座各位学生取得的成就，同时，我也非常赞赏你们的老师，是他们将拥有99年历史的复旦大学的优良传统发扬光大。

王光亚在普林斯顿大学的演讲词开场白译文

女士们、先生们：

晚上好。

很荣幸应邀到普林斯顿大学参加你们的研讨会。对我本人、我的同事及许多中国人来讲，普林斯顿大学的名字早已是耳熟能详。她的历史比这个国家还长，从这个校园里走出了美国第28任总统伍德罗·威尔逊、伟大科学家爱因斯坦、著名诗人T.S.艾略特等众多杰出人物。正如前总统克林顿先生在1996年普大建校250周年时所说：“在美国历史上的每一个紧要关头，普林斯顿大学及其师生都

发挥了关键作用。”

令人高兴的是，在座诸位对中国事务都抱有研究兴趣。虽然我们两国地理上相距万里，但在日常生活中却非常相近。好莱坞影片、麦当劳快餐成了许多中国人生活中的内容。而中国加工的服装、日用品也天天伴随着美国人民。我希望通过今天的交流，能增进在座诸位对中国和中国外交政策的了解，为未来彼此的友

谊与合作锦上添花。

Ladies and Gentlemen，Good evening.It is an honor for me to be invited to your seminar tonight.For me, for my colleagues and many other Chinese, Princeton has long been a familiar name.With a history longer than the country, it has produced many outstanding people, Woodrow Wilson, the 28th US President, Albert Einstein, the great scientist, and T.S.Eliot, the famous poet, to name but a few.As the former President Bill Clinton said in 1996 in the 250 anniversary celebration of Princeton，“At every critical moment in American history, Princeton, its leadership, its students have played a crucial role.”

I am more pleased to learn that all of you have a keen interest in China.Though our two countries are geographically far apart, we have lots in common.While many Chinese enjoy Hollywood movies and McDonald's fast food, many Americans find that their clothes and daily necessities are made in China.I hope that today's seminar will help you gain a better understanding of China and its foreign policy, thus further deepening our friendship and

cooperation.1.5 新工厂落成典礼上的讲话各位尊敬的来宾，女士们，先生们：下午好！

欢迎大家前来参加我们公司在中国的首家新厂房的落成典礼！感谢各位拨冗光临，与我们共同庆祝这一盛大的活动！

我谨代表公司对今天来参加典礼的各位供应商、客户嘉宾、各位员工和业务伙伴说声“谢谢！”

公司管理层深深为我们的新工厂感到骄傲，我们能干的员工感到骄傲，他们发展了工厂的业务，使之达到国际水平。

新厂房标志着公司对中国业务的重视和承诺。

各位供应商，我们希望与你们携手共进，使我们的业务更上一层楼。各位经销商，我们将继续向你们提供尖端的高质量产品，以协助你们做好客户支持，改善中国和东南亚许许多多人士的生活。

各位邻居和朋友，我们将成为良好的企业公民，与各位同行一起维护在中国开展业务的规范性。

最后，我们承诺给员工们提供一个安全、舒适的工作环境。再次感谢各位与我们共同庆祝今天的典礼！

Lesson 1010.3 中与欧盟的关系女士们、先生们、朋友们：

今天，我很荣幸给大家介绍欧盟的一些情况以及欧盟与中国的关系。

欧盟全称为欧洲联盟，是在欧洲共同体基础上由25个（27）独立的国家组成的，目的是为了加强政治、经济和社会合作。原来称“欧共体”或“欧洲经济共同体”。

目前的25个成员国是奥地利、比利时、丹麦、芬兰、法国、希腊、爱尔兰、意大利、卢森堡、荷兰、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典、英国、塞浦路斯（希腊部分）、捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、马耳他、波兰、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚。

欧盟25国总面积400万平方公里，接近半个中国的面积。总人口数为4.544亿，排行第三，仅次于中国和印度，约占世界总人口的7%。

欧盟统一货币为欧元，2002年1月1日正式启用。到目前为止，已经有12个欧盟成员国用欧元取代其本国货币。统一货币是旅行和价格比较变得容易些，它还为欧洲的商业往来、刺激增长与竞争创造了一个稳定的环境。

到目前为止，欧盟的国内生产总值逾10万亿美元。作为一个整体，这个规模与它的主要竞争对手美国差不多。经济总量和贸易总额分别占全球25%和35%。

欧盟与中国关系十分友好。今年5月欧盟与中国就建交30周年了。去年，欧盟与中国的进出口贸易总额达到2，000亿欧元。德国是中国最大的贸易伙伴，英国、荷兰名列第二和第三。

欧盟正抓住当前这一打好的历史机遇——团结曾经分裂的欧洲大陆，创造一个和平、稳定、民主的欧洲。这次欧盟的扩大还将创造一个几乎拥有5亿消费者的统一市场，这个市场饱含经济增长和不断繁荣的极大潜力。我的话讲完了，谢谢大家！

第二篇：副总统切尼在美国共和党全国代表大会上的演讲

[dvnews_page]ASaferAmerica,AMoreHopefulAmerica

第38届美国共和党全国代表大会于8月30日在纽约麦迪逊花园广场(MadisonSquareGarden)开幕，全面启动共和党为入主白宫进行的角逐，这次代表大会预定正式提名现任总统布什和副总统切尼为共和党正副总统候选人。共

和党自成立以来首次在纽约市举行全国代表大会，会场内外共聚集了约50,000人，其中有共和党代表、助选人员、家属和媒体人员等。会场外，对布什政府的政策表示抗议的人群和布什总统的支持者都举行了大规模示威。这次大会还通过了共和党非约束性的保守派“政纲”(platform)，即共和党对本党原则、政策和已取得的成就发表的声明以及布什如当选连任希望达到的目标。以下是副总统切尼在美国共和党全国代表大会上的演讲。

第三篇：副总统切尼在共和党全国代表大会上的演讲

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A Safer America, A More Hopeful America

第38届美国共和党全国代表大会于8月30日在纽约麦迪逊花园广场(Madison Square Garden)开幕，全面启动共和党为入主白宫进行的角逐，这次代表大会预定正式提名现任总统布什和副总统切尼为共和党正副总统候选人。共和党自成立以来首次在纽约市举行全国代表大会，会场内外共聚集了约50,000人，其中有共和党代表、助选人员、家属和媒体人员等。会场外，对布什政府的政策表示抗议的人群和布什总统的支持者都举行了大规模示威。这次大会还通过了共和党非约束性的保守派“政纲”(platform)，即共和党对本党原则、政策和已取得的成就发表的声明以及布什如当选连任希望达到的目标。以下是副总统切尼在美国共和党全国代表大会上的演讲：

Vice President Dick Cheney:

Mr.Chairman, delegates, distinguished guests, and fellow Americans: I accept your nomination for vice president of the United States.I am honored by your confidence.And tonight I make this pledge: I will give this campaign all that I have, and together we will make George W.Bush president for another four years.Tonight I will talk about this good man and his fine record leading our country.And I may say a word or two about his opponent.I am also mindful that I have an opponent of my own.People tell me that Senator Edwards got picked for his good looks, his sex appeal, and his great hair.I say to them how do you think I got the job?

On this night, as we celebrate the opportunities that America offers, I am filled with gratitude to a nation that has been good to me, and I remember the people who set me on my way in life.My grandfather noted that the day I was born was also the birthday of Franklin Delano Roosevelt.And so he told my parents they should send President Roosevelt an announcement of my birth.Now my grandfather didn't have a chance to go to high school.For many years he worked as a cook on the Union Pacific Railroad, and he and my grandmother lived in a railroad car.But the modesty of his circumstances didn't stop him from thinking that President Roosevelt should know about my arrival.My grandfather believed deeply in the promise of America, and had the highest hopes for his family.And I don't think it would surprise him much that a grandchild of his stands before you tonight as Vice President of the United States.It is the story of this country that people have been able to dream big dreams with confidence they would come true, if not for themselves, then for their children and grandchildren.And that sense of boundless opportunity is a gift that we must pass on to all who come after us.洛基国际英语

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From kindergarten to graduation, I went to public schools, and I know that they are a key to being sure that every child has a chance to succeed and to rise in the world.When the President and I took office, our schools were shuffling too many children from grade to grade without giving them the skills and knowledge they need.So President Bush reached across the aisle and brought both parties together to pass the most significant education reform in 40 years.With higher standards and new resources, America's schools are now on an upward path to excellence and not for just a few children, but for every child.Opportunity also depends on a vibrant, growing economy.As President Bush and I were sworn into office, our nation was sliding into recession, and American workers were overburdened with federal taxes.Then came the events of September 11th, which hit our economy very hard.So President Bush delivered the greatest tax reduction in a generation, and the results are clear to see.Businesses are creating jobs.People are returning to work.Mortgage rates are low, and home ownership in this country is at an all-time high.The Bush tax cuts are working.Our nation has the best healthcare in the world, and President Bush is making it more affordable and accessible to all Americans.And there is more to do.Under this President's leadership, we will reform medical liability so the system serves patients and good doctors, not personal injury lawyers.These have been years of achievement, and we are eager for the work ahead.And in all that we do, we will never lose sight of the greatest challenge of our time: preserving the freedom and security of this nation against determined enemies.Since I last spoke to our national convention, Lynne and I have had the joy of seeing our family grow.We now have a grandson to go along with our three wonderful granddaughters, and the deepest wish of my heart and the object of all my determination is that they, and all of America's children, will have lives filled with opportunity and that they will inherit a world in which they can live in freedom, in safety, and in peace.Four years ago, some said the world had grown calm, and many assumed that the United States was invulnerable to danger.That thought might have been comforting;it was also false.Like other generations of Americans, we soon discovered that history had great and unexpected duties in store for us.September 11th, 2001, made clear the challenges we face.On that day we saw the harm that could be done by 19 men armed with knives and boarding passes.America also awakened to a possibility even more lethal: this enemy, whose hatred of us is limitless, armed with chemical, biological, or even nuclear weapons.Just as surely as the Nazis during World War Two and the Soviet communists during the Cold War, 洛基国际英语

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the enemy we face today is bent on our destruction.As in other times, we are in a war we did not start, and have no choice but to win.Firm in our resolve, focused on our mission, and led by a superb commander in chief, we will prevail.The fanatics who killed some 3,000 of our fellow Americans may have thought they could attack us with impunity because terrorists had done so previously.But if the killers of September 11th thought we had lost the will to defend our freedom, they did not know America and they did not know George W.Bush.From the beginning, the President made clear that the terrorists would be dealt with and that anyone who supports, protects, or harbors them would be held to account.In a campaign that has reached around the world, we have captured or killed hundreds of Al-Qaeda.In Afghanistan, the camps where terrorists trained to kill Americans have been shut down, and the Taliban driven from power.In Iraq, we dealt with a gathering threat, and removed the regime of Saddam Hussein.Seventeen months ago, he controlled the lives and fortunes of 25 million people.Tonight he sits in jail.President Bush does not deal in empty threats and half measures, and his determination has sent a clear message.Just five days after Saddam was captured, the government of Libya agreed to abandon its nuclear weapons program and turn the materials over to the United States.Tonight, uranium, centrifuges, and plans for nuclear weapons that were once hidden in Libya are locked up and stored away in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, never again to be a danger to Americans.The biggest threat we face today is having nuclear weapons fall into the hands of terrorists.The president is working with many countries in a global effort to end the trade and transfer of these deadly technologies.The most important result thus far and it is a very important one is that the black-market network that supplied nuclear weapons technology to Libya, as well as to Iran and North Korea, has been shut down.The world's worst source of nuclear weapons proliferation is out of business and we are safer as a result.In the global war we are fighting, we owe a mighty debt to the men and women of the United States armed forces.They have fought the enemy with courage and reached out to civilians with compassion, rebuilding schools and hospitals and roads.They have won stunning victories.They have faced hard duty and long deployments.And they have lost comrades, more than 1100 brave Americans, whose memory this nation will honor forever.The men and women who wear the uniform of the United States represent the very best of America.They have the thanks of our nation.And they have the confidence, the loyalty, and the respect of their commander in chief.In this election, we will decide who leads our country for the next four years.Yet there is more in the balance than that.Moments come along in history when leaders must make fundamental decisions about how to confront a long term challenge abroad and how best to keep the American people secure.We faced such a moment after World War Two, when we put in place the policies 洛基国际英语

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that defended America throughout the Cold War.Those policies containing communism, deterring attack by the Soviet Union, and promoting the rise of democracy were carried out by Democratic and Republican presidents in the decades that followed.This nation has reached another of those defining moments.Under President Bush we have put in place new policies and created new institutions to defend America, to stop terrorist violence at its source, and to help move the Middle East away from old hatreds and resentments and toward the lasting peace that only freedom can bring.This is the work not of months, but of years and keeping these commitments is essential to our future security.For that reason, ladies and gentlemen, the election of 2004 is one of the most important, not just in our lives but in our history.And so it is time to set the alternatives squarely before the American people.The President's opponent is an experienced senator.He speaks often of his service in Vietnam, and we honor him for it.But there is also a record of more than three decades since.And on the question of America's role in the world, the differences between Senator Kerry and President Bush are the sharpest, and the stakes for the country are the highest.History has shown that a strong and purposeful America is vital to preserving freedom and keeping us safe yet time and again Senator Kerry has made the wrong call on national security.Senator Kerry began his political career by saying he would like to see our troops deployed “only at the directive of the United Nations.” During the 1980s, Senator Kerry opposed Ronald Reagan's major defense initiatives that brought victory in the Cold War.In 1991, when Saddam Hussein occupied Kuwait and stood poised to dominate the Persian Gulf, Senator Kerry voted against Operation Desert Storm.Even in this post-9/11 period, Senator Kerry doesn't appear to understand how the world has changed.He talks about leading a “more sensitive war on terror,” as though Al Qaeda will be impressed with our softer side.He declared at the Democratic Convention that he will forcefully defend America after we have been attacked.My fellow Americans, we have already been attacked, and faced with an enemy who seeks the deadliest of weapons to use against us, we cannot wait for the next attack.We must do everything we can to prevent it and that includes the use of military force.Senator Kerry denounces American action when other countries don't approve as if the whole object of our foreign policy were to please a few persistent critics.In fact, in the global war on terror, as in Afghanistan and Iraq, President Bush has brought many allies to our side.But as the President has made very clear, there is a difference between leading a coalition of many, and submitting to the objections of a few.George W.Bush will never seek a permission slip to defend the American people.Senator Kerry also takes a different view when it comes to supporting our military.Although he voted to authorize force against Saddam Hussein, he then decided he was opposed to the war, and 洛基国际英语

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voted against funding for our men and women in the field.He voted against body armor, ammunition, fuel, spare parts, armored vehicles, extra pay for hardship duty, and support for military families.Senator Kerry is campaigning for the position of commander in chief.Yet he does not seem to understand the first obligation of a commander in chief and that is to support American troops in combat.In his years in Washington, John Kerry has been one of a hundred votes in the United States Senate and very fortunately on matters of national security, his views rarely prevailed.But the presidency is an entirely different proposition.A senator can be wrong for 20 years, without consequence to the nation.But a president a president always casts the deciding vote.And in this time of challenge, America needs and America has a president we can count on to get it right.On Iraq, Senator Kerry has disagreed with many of his fellow Democrats.But Senator Kerry's liveliest disagreement is with himself.His back-and-forth reflects a habit of indecision, and sends a message of confusion.And it is all part of a pattern.He has, in the last several years, been for the No Child Left Behind Act and against it.He has spoken in favor of the North American Free Trade Agreement and against it.He is for the Patriot Act and against it.Senator Kerry says he sees two Americas.It makes the whole thing mutual America sees two John Kerrys.The other candidate in this race is a man our nation has come to know, and one I've come to admire very much.I watch him at work every day.I have seen him face some of the hardest decisions that can come to the Oval Office and make those decisions with the wisdom and humility Americans expect in their president.George W.Bush is a man who speaks plainly and means what he says.He is a person of loyalty and kindness and he brings out these qualities in those around him.He is a man of great personal strength and more than that, a man with a heart for the weak, and the vulnerable, and the afflicted.We all remember that terrible morning when, in the space of just 102 minutes, more Americans were killed than we lost at Pearl Harbor.We remember the President who came to New York City and pledged that the terrorists would soon hear from all of us.George W.Bush saw this country through grief and tragedy he has acted with patience, and calm, and a moral seriousness that calls evil by its name.In the great divide of our time, he has put this nation where America always belongs: against the tyrants of this world, and on the side of every soul on earth who yearns to live in freedom.Fellow citizens, our nation is reaching the hour of decision, and the choice is clear.President Bush and I will wage this effort with complete confidence in the judgment of the American people.The signs are good even in Massachusetts.According to a news account last month, people leaving the Democratic National Convention asked a Boston policeman for directions.He replied, “Leave here and go vote Republican.”

President Bush and I are honored to have the support of that police officer, and of Democrats, Republicans, and independents from every calling in American life.We are so fortunate, each and every one of us, to be citizens of this great nation and to take part in the defining event of our 洛基国际英语

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democracy: Choosing who will lead us.The historian Bernard DeVoto once wrote that when America was created, the stars must have danced in the sky.Our president understands the miracle of this great country.He knows the hope that drives it and shares the optimism that has long been so important a part of our national character.He gets up each and every day determined to keep our great nation safe so that generations to come will know the freedom and opportunities we have known and more.When this convention concludes tomorrow night, we will go forth with confidence in our cause, and in the man who leads it.By leaving no doubt where we stand, and asking all Americans to join us, we will see our cause to victory.Thank you very much.“成千上万人疯狂下载。。。

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第四篇：肯尼迪在美国大学的演讲词

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John F.Kennedy

American University Speech

约翰．肯尼迪 在美国大学的演讲词

肯尼迪对和平的愿望像一条缕缕不绝的线贯穿着他的许多演讲词。但他于一九六三年六月十日在华盛顿市美国大学所发表的这篇演讲中对和平愿望所作的阐述，是最激动人心不过的了。

伍德鲁．威尔逊教授曾经说过，每个大学毕业生都应是爱国者，应有时代精神。我坚信，从本校荣幸毕业的男女学生，会继续把年华和才智奉献出来，悉心为公众服务，充当社会的栋梁。

约翰．梅斯菲尔德在给英国各大学题辞时写道：「世间事物几乎没有什么比大学更美好的。」他的这番话在这里也同样适用。他指的不是高耸的塔尖和巍峨的高楼，也不是绿树成荫的校园和长满常春藤的围墙。他说。他赞美大学的美，因为那是「痛恨愚昧的人孜孜求知之所，领悟真理的人诲人不倦之处」。

因此，我选择此时此地来讨论一个问题，对这个问题，目前无知者太多，悟理者太少。然而它却是天下头等重要的课题，那就是世界和平。

我所指的是什么样的和平呢?我们所寻求的又是什么样的和平呢?不是那种靠美国的战争武器强加于世界的美国统治下的和平。不是坟墓般的平静，也不是奴隶式的安全。我所讲的是真正的和平，是使人活在世上有意义的那种和平，是使人和国家能够兴旺发达，满怀希望，并为子孙后代创造更美好生活的和平；不仅仅是美国人的和平，而且是所有男女的和平，不仅仅是我们这一时代的和平，而且是永久的和平。

我所以要谈论和平，是因为战争的面貌不同了。在大国能够维持庞大而较难击破的核武力，并且不会在使用这些武力之前投降的时代里，在一枚核武器的爆炸力几乎十倍于第二次世界大战期间所有盟国空军所投炸弹的爆炸力总和的时代里，在核战争产生的致命毒素将被风、水、土和种子传播到地球每个角落并将影响尚未出世后裔的时代里，总体战已失去了意义。

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现在每年要花数十亿美元来生产武器，目的是为了确保我们永远不需要使用这些武器，这对维持和平是必要的。但是贮存这些闲置不用的武器，而且这些武器只能破坏而不能创造财富，这肯定不是唯一的、更不是最有效的维护和平的手段。

因此我认为，和平是有理性的人应该追求的合理目标。我知道，致力于和平事业不像从事战争那样引人注目，而且人们对于呼吁和平往往置若罔闻。但我们现在没有比这个更紧迫的任务了。

有人说，谈论世界和平、世界法律和世界裁军毫无用处，将来也毫无用处，除非苏联领导人采取较为开明的态度。我希望苏联领导人那样做。我相信我们能够帮助他们那样做。但是我也认为，我们个人和国家也必须重新检讨一下自己的态度，因为我们和他们的态度一样关系重大。本校的每一个毕业生，每一个反对战争希望和平的有识之士都应该内省，检查自己对和平的可能性、对苏联、对冷战进程和对本国的自由与和平的看法。

首先，让我们检查一下对和平的看法。我们当中认为和平不可能保持的人太多了，认为不可能有真正和平的人也太多了。然而这是一种危险的和失败主义的想法。它会使人得这种道理结论：战争是不可避免的，人类注定要灭亡，我们被一种无法控制的力量支配着。

我们没有必要接受这种看法。我们的问题都是人为的，因而能够由人来解决。事在人为。有关人类命运的问题，没有一个是人所不能解决的。人靠自己的理智和精神解决了一些似乎无法解决的问题。我们相信，他们还能这么做。

我所讲的和平与善意，不是一些幻想家和狂热分子所梦想的那种绝对而无限的普遍和平与善意的概念。我不否认希望与梦想的价值，但如果把它作为我们眼前唯一的目标，那就只会带来沮丧和怀疑。

让我们把注意力集中在比较实际的、比较能实现的和平上。这种和平不是建立在人性突变的基础上，而是建立在人类制度逐步演变的基础上，建立在符合众人利益的一系列具体行动和有效协议的基础上。要实现这种和平，没有任何快捷方式可走，也不是一两个大国采用任何宏伟、奇妙的方案所能实现的。真正的和平是许多国家采取许多行动才能实现的。它必然是充满活力而不是静止的，并能不断变化以应付每一代新人所提出的挑战，因为和平是解决问题的过程和途径。

有了这种和平，仍然会有争论和利害冲突，就像在家庭和国家内部那样。世界和平有如社会安宁，并不要求每个人爱他的邻居，只要求他们互相宽容共处，并用公正和平的方法解决纠纷。历史教导我们，国与国之间的仇恨如同人与人之间的仇恨一样，不是永世不能消除的。不管我们的爱与憎看起来多么根深蒂固，但随着时间的推移和事态的发展，国家之间和邻居之间的关系常常会发生意料不到的变化。

所以让我们坚持不懈地努力下去。和平不一定是不能实现的，战争也不一定是不

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可避免的。只要我们更加确切地表明我们的目标，使之显得较易处理，不那么渺茫，我们就能帮助各国人民看清目标，从中获得希望还勇往直前。

第二、让我们重新检查一下我们对苏联的看法。想到苏联领导人有可能真的相信他们宣传家的宣传，确实使人感到丧气。看到最近列登在苏联权威刊物[军事战略]上的一篇文章，就很使人失望。文章通篇都是毫无根据、难以置信的论断，诸如「美帝国主义集团正在准备发动不同类型的战争……现在存在着美帝国主义先发制人向苏联发动战争的真正威胁……美帝国主义的政治目标是在经济和政治上奴役欧洲和其它资本主义国家……并借助侵略战争达到其统治世界的目的。」

古语说：「作贼心虚。」确实如此。然而读到苏联的这些言论，意识到我们之间鸿沟为阻，却是很令人沮丧的。但这也提醒美国人民不要像苏联人那样上当，不要只看到对方那种歪曲和极端的观点，不要把冲突看成不可避免，不要把和解看成绝不可能，不要把对话看作只不过是相互威胁而已。

没有一个政府或社会制度会邪恶到这种程度，致使人们可以把那里的人民也看成乏善可陈。我们美国人，认为共产主义否定个人自由和尊严是极易令人反感的。但是我们同时也为俄罗斯人民在科学和太空、经济和工业发展以及文化方面取得的许多成就和英勇的行为而欢呼。

在我们两国人民所具有的许多共性中，最突出的莫过于憎恨战争。我们两国之间从未交战过，这在世界列强中几乎是绝无仅有的。在战争历史上，还没有哪一个国家比苏联在第二次世界大战中所遭受的苦难更深。至少有两千万人丧失了生命。不计其数的家庭和农场或化为灰烬，或被劫掠一空。全国三分之一地区，包括将近三分之二工业基地成了废墟，受害面积相常于我国芝加哥以东的整个地区。

今天一旦再爆发总体战，不管是怎么发生的，我们两国都会首当其冲。这两个最强大的国家遭受破坏的危险也最大，这似乎有点反常，但事实的确如此。我们的建设成果，我们努力获致的一切，将会在最初二十四小时的战斗内被摧毁殆尽，甚至在那给许多国家(包括我国最亲密盟国在内)带来风险和负担的冷战中，也是我们两国的负担最重，因为我们两国都把大量金钱花在武器上，而这笔钱本来是可以用来克服愚昧、贫穷和疾病的。我们双方都被卷进一个危险的恶性循环里，一方的疑心马上会引起另一方的猜测；一方有了新武武器，另一方也立即会有对抗的武器。

简言之，美国和它的盟国、苏联和它的盟国都深切希望有公正而真正的和平，希望停止军备竞赛。在这方面如能达成协议，则对苏联和我们都很有利。即使对于那些敌意最深的国家，也应相信他们会接受并遵守那些条约义务；他们只能接受和遵守那些条约义务，因为那符合他们本身的利益。

因此，我们不应对我们的分歧视若无睹，但是，也应该注意我们的共同利益和解决分歧的方法。如果我们现在不能消除分歧，至少我们应该努力使世界不致因分

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歧而不安全。因为归根结底我们最基本的共同点是都居住在这个星球上。我们都呼吸着同样的空气。我们都为子女的前途着想，而且我们的寿命都是有限的。

第三、让我们重新检查一下对冷战的看法。要记住我们现在不是在进行辩论，不是要列举各方的论点。我们并不是在这里责备别人或是判断他人的是非。我们必须从当前实况出发来处理世界问题，而不要将我们的看法建筑在如果过去十八年的历史不是这样的话，那么世界可能是另一番景象的假设上。

所以我们必须坚持不懈地去探求和平，希望共产主义集团内部建设性的变化会带来一些我们目前似乎是办不到的解决办法。我们处理事情的方式，必须使共产主义集团看到，达到真正的和平是对他们有利的。尤其重要的是，当核大国在维护本身的重大利益时，必须避免使其对手不得不在忍辱退却和原子战争二者之 间进行抉择的那种针锋相对的做法。在核时代，采取这种做法只不过证明我们政策的破产，或表示大家都希望世界毁灭。

为达此目的，美国的武器不用于挑衅，而且慎加控制，旨在起威慑作用，并能有选择地使用。我们的军队是致力于保卫和平的，在自我克制方面也是训练有素的。我们的外交官奉命避免发表不必要的刺激性言论和造成纯属论战的敌对状态。

我们可以在不放松警惕的情况下来寻求紧张局势的缓和。从我们方面来说，我们无须用威胁来证明我们的决心。我们也无须唯恐我们的信仰遭受腐蚀而去干扰别国的广播。我们不愿意把我们的制度强加给任何不愿意接受的人民，但是我们愿意并且能够与世界上任何国家的人民进行和平竞赛。

与此同时，我们努力加强联合国，帮助联合国解决经费问题，使它成为更有效的和平工具，将它发展成真正的世界安全体系，即成为一个能够根据法律解决争端、确保大小国家安全和为最终消灭军备而创造条件的体系。

我们同时努力维护非共产主义国家内部的和平。在非共产主义世界里，许多国家由于各种争端而发生分裂。这些国家都是我们的朋友，它们的争端削弱了西方的团结，容易招来共产党的干涉，或有导致战争的危险。尽管受到来自双方面的批评，我们在西新几内亚、刚果、中东和印度次大陆的努力是始终不懈的和极 有耐心的。我们也曾努力调整与最亲密的邻邦墨西哥和加拿大的微小但却重要的分歧，试图为别人树立榜样。

谈到其它国家，我想表明一点。我们与许多国家有联盟关系，这种联盟关系之所以存在，是因为我们和他们有相当多共同关心的问题。例如，由于我们切身利益的一致性，我们承担的保卫西欧和西柏林的义务一直没有减少。美国不会以牺牲其它国家和人民的利益为代价来与苏联进行交易。这不仅仅是因为这些国家和人民是我们的伙伴，而且也因为他们的利益和我们的利益是一致的。

我们利益的一致性，不仅表现在保卫自由的疆界上，而且也表现在追求和平的道路上。我们的希望和盟国政策的目标，是促使苏联认识到，它也应该让每个国家选择自己的前途，只要这种选择不妨碍其它国家的选择。共产党国家力图把他们

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这需要作出新的努力来制定世界法律，为讨论世界上的问题提供新的条件。这就需要增强苏联和我们之间的相互了解。要加强了解就必须加强接触和交换意见。这方面的一个步骤，就是拟议中的在莫斯科和华盛顿之间安装一条直线电话，以避免彼此在危机时期可能出现的危险的延搁，以及对另一方行动的误会和误 解。

我们一直在日内瓦就有关武器控制的其它初步措施举行谈判，目的是限制军备竞赛的加剧和减少意外战争的危险性。然而我们在日内瓦会谈的首要和长远的目标是全面彻底裁军。裁军可分阶段进行，同时也在政治方面求得进展，建立新的和平体制以取代军备。自二十年代以来，我国政府一直为实现裁军而努力。前三届政府也为此进行了不懈的奋斗。不管今天裁军的前景是多么的黯淡，我们仍准备继续努力。我们继续这方面的工作是为了使所有的国家，包括我们自己，能更好地了解裁军方面存在的问题及其各种可能性。

这些谈判的一个重要方面，是签订禁止核试验的条约，条约的缔结已指日可待，然而却迫切需要取得新的进展。签订这样一个条约似乎近在眼前却又远不可及，条约的缔结可以制止军备竞赛中最危险的一个领域的恶性循环，而且将使得核大国能更有效地处理人类在一九六三年所面临的最大危害之一，即核武器进一步扩散的问题。条约的缔结将增加我们的安全，也将减少战争的可能性。这个目标确是极其重要的，需要我们不断努力追求，但是也不能因此受惑而放弃我们所坚持的至关重要的和可靠的保障措施。

因此，我借此机会宣布两项有关的重要决定。

第一：赫鲁晓夫主席、麦克米伦首相和我已经同意，最近将在莫斯科举行高级会议，期望能尽早达成一项全面禁止核试验的协议。我们怀着希望，同时也不要忘记历史的教训，但是我们所抱的希望是与全人类的希望一致的。

第二：为了表明我们对这个问题的诚意和庄严的信念，我现在宣布：只要其它国家不在大气层进行核试验，美国也不打算在大气层进行核试验。我们将不首先恢复大气层核试验。这个声明代替不了有约束力的正式条约，但是我希望它有助于我们缔结条约。这样一个条约也不能代替裁军，但是我希望它有助于我们实 现裁军。

我的美国同胞们，最后，让我们在这里检查一下我们对国内的和平自由的看法。我们社会的性质和精神，须能证明我们在国外所进行的努力是正确的，并且还能对那种努力起推动作用。我们必须以我们的献身精神来表明这一点。在今天毕业的同学中，许多人将有表现这种献身精神的极好机会，他们可在国外的和平队或国内筹建中的国民服务队里担任义务工作。

但是不管我们在哪里，我们在日常生活中，都必须遵循一条古训：和平与自由不

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可分割。今天在我们相当多的城市里，和平之仍无保障，因为自由还未臻完善。

地方、州和联邦各级政府的行政机构均有责任在他们的权力范围内，尽一切办法向所有公民提供自由和保障自由。举凡立法机构的权力有不完善之处，各级立法机构有责任使之臻于完善。我们各阶层的公民有责任尊重他人的权利和国家的法律。

所有这些都与世界和平有关。圣经说：「当一个人的行动使上帝满意时，他甚至也能使他的敌人与他和睦相处。」归根结底，和平基本上不就是一个人类的权利问题吗?不就是不虞受害而安度一生的权利，自由呼吸大自然所提供的空气的权利，以及让后代健康生活的权利吗?

当我们捍卫我们的国家利益时，让我们也来捍卫人类的利益。消灭战争和武器显然是符合上述两项利益的。任何条约不管给所有人带来多大的好处，也不管措辞多么严谨，都不能杜绝欺骗和漏洞。但是如果条约的实施相当有效，而且相当符合签约者的利益，那么它能够比毫无削减的、漫无控制的和难以预料的军备竞赛提供远为可靠的安全，人们所冒的风险也要少得多。

众所周知，美国决不会发动战争。我们不要战争。我们现在不盼望战争。这一代美国人已受够了战争、仇恨和压迫，并且受得太多了。如果别人想要战争，我们将严阵以待。我们将提高警惕，设法制止它。我们也会为建设一个弱者安全，强者公正的和平世界而尽我们的一点责任。要完成这个任务，我们不是无能为 力的，对实现这个目标，我们也不是毫无信心的。我们信心百倍，无所畏惧，努力奋斗－－不是旨在消灭他人，而是谋求和平。

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