信件常用开头和结尾句型[五篇范例]

第一篇：信件常用开头和结尾句型

英 语

考核目标与要求

书面表达

一．.书面表达的体裁以应用文为主。

新课标全国卷的书面表达体裁仍然会以应用文为主，以考查书信和电子邮件为主，话题贴近考生的实际生活。这种考查方式不仅体现了高考重视对考生英语语言运用能力的考查，而且还引导考生关注英美国家的文化和社会生活，关注中国传统文化和社会主义核心价值观。高考注重在一个比较真实的交际语境中让考生把英语当作一个工具使用，为考生的终生发展打下基础。

其中，信件又分为两类，一类是写给陌生人，另一类是写给熟人。下面就开头段和结尾段常用句型和模板进行总结。

（一）写给陌生人的书信包括：

1.申请信

◇ 词句模板 ◇

1．说明应聘原因常用语：

(1)I learned from sb/the newspaper that your company wanted to hire…(2)I was told that…

(3)I have just read in the newspaper that…(4)I am writing to inquire opportunities for… 3．表示感谢，请求答复并提供联系方式常用语：(1)Thank you very much.(2)Thank you for your consideration of my application.(3)If you agree with me，I'll work hard and try to be a(n)…(4)I am available for an interview…(5)I look forward to hearing from you.2.投诉信

1．段首常用语：(1)I am writing to make a complaint about…(2)I am most reluctant to complain，but…(3)One annoying aspect of your service is…

(4)I would like to draw your attention to the problem/fault… 2．段尾常用语：

(1)It would be highly appreciated if you could…(2)I believe you will take my complaints seriously and…(3)I hope you will give due attention to this matter.(4)I would like to get this matter settled by the end of this month.(5)I could not be more satisfied if you can kindly…(6)I would appreciate it very much if you could…

3.通知

1．段首常用语：

(1)May I have/call your attention, please?(2)Attention, please, everybody!(3)I have an announcement to make.(4)I have something to tell you.3．段尾常用语：

(1)Please be there on time and don't be late.(2)I hope you can have a good time.(3)That's all.Thank you.4.倡议书

1．段首常用语：

(1)I think/suggest we should…(2)In my opinion, we had better…(3)In order to…，I advise…(4)It is required that we… 3．段尾常用语：

(1)It's time that we should do something to…(2)Let's join our hands and take action immediately.(3)In my opinion, we should be polite and spare no effort to do something…(4)Only in this way can we make a great success.5.演讲致辞 ◇ 词句模板 ◇ 1．欢迎辞常用语：

(1)We are glad to have a chance to get together with…(2)We feel greatly honoured to have a chance to be with…(3)Let's give our warm welcome to…

(4)Thank you for your accepting our invitation to come to… 2．欢送辞常用语：(1)In bidding farewell to sb…

(2)To convey our profound friendship to sb…(3)To convey our best regards and respects to sb…(4)To wish sb a pleasant journey home and good health…(5)May the friendship between…be further developed!

3结尾常用语

（1）That's all.Thank you!（2）Thank you for your listening(attention)．

6.招聘

◇ 词句模板 ◇ 1．句首常用语：

(1)Our school paper is in great need of…(2)Our school paper is starving for…(3)Our school paper is looking for… 2．句尾常用语：

(1)Those who are interested in the job please get in touch with…(2)If anyone is interested in the job, please get in touch with…(3)If anyone is interested in the job, please contact…

（二）写给熟人的书信包括：

1.建议信 ◇ 词句模板 ◇ 1．段首常用语：

(1)I am writing to express my views concerning…

(2)You have asked for my advice about…and I will try to make some suggestions.2．段尾常用语：

(1)I think it would be more beneficial if you could…

(2)I believe you will take my advice into account/consideration.(3)I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions practical/useful/helpful.(4)I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.(5)I will be ready for discussing this matter into further details.3.邀请信

1．段首常用语：

(1)I am writing to invite you to…

(2)I think it would be a great idea if you could participate in…(3)I wonder if you can come…(4)How would you like to join us in…？ 2．段尾常用语：

(1)Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come to…？(2)My family and I would feel much honoured if you could come.(3)We would be looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.(4)I would like to meet you there and please let me know your decision soon.4.电子邮件

1．段首常用语：

(1)Thank you for your letter of Dec.15th…(2)I'm glad/pleased to tell you that…

(3)I am very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.(4)Thanks for your invitation to the Christmas party.(5)How are you getting along with your study? 2．段尾常用语：

(1)Please write to me soon and tell me about your…(2)I'm looking forward to your reply…(3)With kind/ best regards/wishes.(4)If so, please e­mail me in response…

第二篇：英语优美句型,漂亮的开头和结尾

Mores, which embodied each culture’s ideal principles for governing every citizen, were developed in the belief that the foundation of a community lies in the cultivation of individual powers to be placed in service to the community.Convinced of the importance of education, modern states ‘invest’ in institutions of learning to get back ‘interest’ in the form of a large group of enlightened young man and women who are potential leaders.2.In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all.3.Atomic power is associated in the public mind with the destructive force of atom bombs and partly for this reason, though it is claimed that there is no danger to be associated with atomic power stations, they are being sited away from popular centers.4.Although the speaker overlooks certain circumstances in which undue skepticism might be counterproductive, and even harmful, on balance I agree that we should not passively accept whatever is passed off as fact;otherwise, human knowledge would never advance.5.One of the wildest and most inaccessible parts of the United States is the Everglades where wildlife is abundant and largely protected.1.The wisdom of our sages and the blood of our heroes have been devoted to their attainment.2.And should we wander from them in moments of error or alarm, let us hasten to retrace our steps and regain the road which alone leads to peace, liberty and safety.3.History bears witness to the fact that a just nation is trusted on its word when recourse is had to armaments and wars to bridle others.4.Will you hazard so desperate a step while there is any possibility that any potion of ills you fly from have no real existence? Will you, while the certain ills you fly to are greater than all the real ones you fly from, will you risk the commission of so fearful a mistake?

5.Heretofore, only menaced, is now formidably attempted.6.east, west, home’s best.1.If we define a “ better” society as one characterized by greater tolerance of differing viewpoints and people who are different from ourselves, greater respect for individual rights, and greater cooperation across cultural and national boundaries, then the children of the most recent half-century are creating a better society.2.And, while reasonable people with differing political and social viewpoints might disagree about what makes for a “better” society, in my observation our society is steadily evolving into a more civilized, respectful and tolerant one.3.If too many parties become involved in making decisions about day-to-day instruction, the end result might be infighting, legal battles, boycotts, and other protests, all of which impede the educational process;and the ultimate victims are the children themselves.4.Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.5.Encouraging students to question and criticize helps students not only to learn more productively but also become qualified citizens that will be able to actively participate in social affairs.A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling.Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a person's education is a most important aspect of his life.$ |: s9 v7 P6 t6 ]* z/ M许多人存在这样的误解，认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然，他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。

The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.3 J A0 V(Y, J-w.Z-Y1 T0 W 大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

* Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills.They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness./ {3 N# Q)[2 X 而且，由于要额外地学习，孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流，很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。

People differ in their attitudes towards failure.Faced with it, some of them can stand up to it, draw useful lessons from it and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do.Others, however, lose heart and give in..v+ |: J5 i$ c+ N1 m$ P4 x人们对失败持有不同的态度。面对失败，有人能够经得起考验，从失败中汲取教训，并努力去完成他们下定决心要做的事情。然而，另一些人却丧失信心并退却了。

As a popular saying goes, “everything has two sides.” Now the public are benefiting more and more from scientific and technological inventions.On the other hand, the progress of science and technology is bringing us a lot of trouble.People in many countries are suffering from public hazards.' g7 c+ U6 k0 B5 p)V3 z“ a常言道：事情总是一分为二的。如今人们从科技发明中得到越来越多的好处。另一方面，科技进步也给我们带来了许多麻烦。现在许多国家 的人民饱受公害之苦。

Examples of important films underscore the point that creative accounts of the human experience hold more lasting significance than bare factual accounts.Without any sure way to evaluate the legitimacy of these avenues of inquiry, participant become vulnerable to self-deception, false hopes, fantastic ideas, and even delusion.Socialization is only one factor influencing the extent to which an individual will ultimately contribute to a better society.The speaker asserts that government of countries where lesser-known languages are spoken should intervene to prevent these languages from becoming extinction.Indeed, on a systemic scale undue emphasis on the exploration of our emotion can have deleterious societal consequences.It is the test of imagination, while imagination without experience is like tree without roots and thus is useless fantasies.As one famous executive once said, “The better a man is, the more mistakes he will make, for the more new things he will try.I would never promote to a top-level job a man who was not making mistakes.Regard every one as a tree in the garden, then the laws is like the gardener, who pollard redundant leaves and twigs in order to restrict these trees’ growth in a certain way and thus help them grow healthily and properly.What is the most important, consider the item “better society” as equality, prosperity, stabilization, then we do have experienced great improvement and progress during the last decades.Nevertheless, it is often the interior factors, rather than the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life that prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals.we are all trying our best to finish everything effectively to catch up with other’s pace

Common sense tells us that a face to face communication and discussion brings information and knowledge more directly and acceptably.Try your best;you will be a better pilot of your life.According to a recent survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Social Science It is too presumptuous to make the judgment that… Although the speaker’s assertion has some merit when it comes to the education of young people, I find it erroneous when it comes to higher education.The empirical evidence supporting this position is overwhelming;yet one need look no further than a television set.In my view, the speaker’s threshold and ultimate claims are both specious.However, upon further reflection it becomes evident that following the speaker’s advice would on balance do disservice to students and to society.1，Popular musical acts with nothing truly innovative to offer musically eventually disappear form the music scene.2，Anyone who frequents yards sales knows that today’s best-selling books often become tomorrow’s pulp.3，This combination of very high density of population, goods and services, and machines, all increasing with almost brutal speed, does account for some really antisocial tendencies in modern urban growth.4，The major problem with the argument is that the stated similarities between Company A and B are insufficient to support the conclusion that Company A will suffer a fate similar to Company B’s.5，Experience alone is far from being enough to guarantee minimized processing costs.3 1.The difference between a man who succeeds and one who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities.The successful person always makes adequate preparations to meet opportunities as they duly arrive.The unsuccessful person, on the other hand, works little and just waits to see pass by.2.Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.3.Television, the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth, is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world.4.”The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them.“ Such is the remark made by Bernard Shaw, a great writer.This view has been shared now by more and more people.5.In my opinion, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly can make use of them to achieve purpose.# s7 h' 5 1.Technologyhas made fantastic advances that have affected us beneficially in nearly every aspect of life: better health, more wealth, less drudgery, greater access to information.2.The continuation of such activities in the twenty-first century will result in an even greater boon to humanity: in pure sciencea more equitable distribution of material benefits, and better protection of the environment.3.William Shakespeare said: ”The web of our life is of a mingled yarn, good and ill together."

4.I am not an authority in genetics, but from my readings and life-long observation I do not see any evidence that we are genetically condemned to commit evil.5.The human species may be brought to an end by the use of the tools of destruction, themselves the product of science and technology.8 In my view, the speaker unfairly generalizes about the……, while completely missing the function and value of science.To some extent the speaker overstates fiction’s comparative significance.On balance, however, I tend to agree with the speaker.And it is human experience, and not bare facts and figures, that endures in our minds and souls.Finally, when it comes to the political area, again at first blush it might appear that pragmatism is the best, if not the only, way to succeed.At the first glance the balance of empirical evidence would seem to lend considerable credence to the speaker’s claim.10 Being abreast with the ever-increasing pace of industrialization, environmental problems are also on their way to undermine our prosperous and contented life.These people inadvertently lose the large picture on such an issue.Strict legislations should be correspondently promulgated to thwart those people who have the penchant to undermine the environment.There are countless ways of attaining greatness, but any road to reaching one’s maximum potential must be built on bedrock of respect for the individual, a commitment to excellent, and a rejection of mediocrity.What ethical conduct and socially responsible behavior have in common is they both start from values and, when applied effectively, both enhance the company's reputation and so contribute to performance and shareholder value.11 1.Democracy and efficiency don't always go together.2.Firsthand observations and satellite images show that the immediate area around the geographic North Pole is now mostly annual, or first-year, ice—thin new ice that forms each year during the winter freeze.3.A fundamental change is coming sooner than you might think.4.As his reign at Microsoft comes to an end, so does the era he dominated.5.That no one should be above the law is perfectly true, but it is feasible in a dream world in which the legal system is similar to the Common Law one of Britain and it's(ex)colonies where they have a long tradition of civil rights & manners and, mostly, the public prosecutor and the judge are not even allowed to talk to each other.飘aiq 1.“Draw your strength in the days ahead from your faith in God.Let it be the moral compass that guides you in the decisions you make.”

2.The groups of cadets and midshipmen, who do not know each other, echo the same view: that the military, regardless of its official policies, by emphasizing religion, especially Christianity, at events that students are required to attend sends the message that to be considered successful officers they have to believe in God.3.No midshipmen have wanted to take action until now, Ms.Jeon said.Three recent graduates, who spoke on condition of anonymity for fear of retaliation

4.Moreover, increased production by other countries would tend to offset reduced production by the United States, so that the effect on global warming and global pollution is likely to be modest.5.The primary long-term threat to newspapers is the Internet’s siphoning away of ad revenue, a trend that has been under way for more than a decade, but one that has picked up speed in the last year.2，1号

emotion can serve as important catalysts for academic accomplishment in the arts.When it comes to the war on drags, free speech and religion, abortion issues, and sexual choices, public policy today seems mirror the vote’s fears and prejudices.In the long term, however, the significance of image wanes considerably.As our lives become busier, our attention spans briefer, and our choices among products and services greater, I expect this trend to continue unabated-for better or worse.Through ability to inspire others and lift human spirit Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King were eminently effective in leading others to effect social change through civil disobedience.2号

1.The world is full of conflicts: Jews and Arabs;Indians and Pakistanis;white men and Negroes in Africa;and, overshadowing all minor conflicts, the titanic struggle between communism and anticommunism

2.As geological time is reckoned, Man has so far existed only for a very short period one million years at the most.3.For countless ages the sun rose and set, the moon waxed and waned, the stars shone in the night, but it was only with the coming of Man that these things were understood.4.If you can do so, the way lies open to a new Paradise;if you cannot, nothing lies before you but universal death.5.Is all this to end in trivial horror because so few are able to think of Man rather than of this or that group of men? Is our race so destitute of wisdom, so incapable of impartial love, so blind even to the simplest dictates of self-preservation, that the last proof of its silly cleverness is to be the extermination of all life on our planet?-for it will be not only men who will perish, but also the animals, whom no one can accuse of communism or anticommunism.-----------------------shall we choose death Bertrand Russell

编号4 apprentice_ll26 第一次

1.If we define a “ better” society as one characterized by greater tolerance of differing viewpoints and people who are different from ourselves, greater respect for individual rights, and greater cooperation across cultural and national boundaries, then the children of the most recent half-century are creating a better society.2.And, while reasonable people with differing political and social viewpoints might disagree about what makes for a “better” society, in my observation our society is steadily evolving into a more civilized, respectful and tolerant one.3.If too many parties become involved in making decisions about day-to-day instruction, the end result might be infighting, legal battles, boycotts, and other protests, all of which impede the educational process;and the ultimate victims are the children themselves.4.Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.5.Encouraging students to question and criticize helps students not only to learn more productively but also become qualified citizens that will be able to actively participate in social affairs.第二次

1.Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world;they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.2.indeed, as one imagine the underground world to become increasingly elaborate, one can visualize much of the food supply eventually deriving from growth in artificially illuminated areas underground.3.Where there was once intimacy and contact, now there is only absence and despair.4.A leader must stir our blood, not appeal to our reason.5.He gave the greatest pleasure to the greatest number of people in the world today.第三次

Also, while many working adults might temporarily define themselves in terms of their work for practicality’s sake, at bottom we humans are nothing if not social animals.Whether certain means are justifiable in reaching a goal must be determined on a case-by-case basis, by weighing the benefits of attaining the goal against the costs, or harm that might accrue along the way.Although I agree that technology cannot ultimately prevent us from harming one another, the statement fails to account for the significant positive impact that modern industrial and computer revolutions have had on the quality of life-at least in the developed world.Since colds are the reason most frequently given for absences from school and work, we recommend the daily use of Ichthaid, a nutritional supplement derived from fish oil, as a good way to prevent colds and lower absenteeism.Research is also the chief means by which we humans attempt to satisfy our insatiable appetite for knowledge, and our craving to understand ourselves and the world around us.Sjn(eaglewatch)It is common knowledge that we are always living in a society with limitations, and as the development of society we can gradually have a comprehensive realization of the world.though their ideas and activities may have transcended the understanding of the masses at that time and thus tarnished, disdained or even buried, it will finally be uncovered and enshrined by descendants.3，Only combine the evaluation made by both contemporaries and descendants, can we decide the greatness of individuals more objectively.4，Actually, the latter can embrace the former in many cases.As the social development and responding the needs of city life, many buildings with great historic values were replaced with（by）new buildings or restyled with new forms.the modernization in today will be the tradition in tomorrow.1.At the time when technology means ever more harmful carbon in the air we breathe, we need these forests now more than ever.2.As for me, the declining of traditional technology and methods is not a bad thing;it is the natural result of progress of society.3.There is much discussion over science and technology.One of the questions under debate is whether traditional technology and methods are bound to die out when a country begins to develop modern science and technology.4.It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.5.To average people, they often tend to live under the illusion that English often means a good opportunity for one's career, is this really the case? 11号

From farmers' markets to happy chickens, sales of organic food have rocketed in recent years.Darkness fell, not the dark of a moonless or cloudy night, but as if the lamp had been put out in a dark room.Even the expected can sometimes be disquieting.The competition to claim the title of the world’s worst-run bank has seldom been more intense, but Bradford & Bingley, a British mortgage lender, must fancy its chances.Given their history, a lot of Israelis will run almost any risk to prevent a state that calls repeatedly for their own state’s destruction from acquiring the wherewithal to bring that end about.For all his bluster, it is the sad province of man that he cannot choose his triumph.He can only choose how he will stand when the call of destiny comes.Hoping that he'll have the courage to answer.Suddenly, the change in your life that should have been wonderful, comes as a betray.It may seem cruel, but the goal is nothing short of self-preservation.Survival.When a change comes, some species feel the urge to migrate.They call it zugunruhe.The pull of the soul to a far-off place.Following a scent in the wind, star in the sky.The ancient message comes, calling the kindred to take flight and to gater together.Only then can they hope to survive the cruel season to come.The earth is large.Large enough that you think you can hide from anything.From fate.From god.If only you found a place far enough away.So you run.You can run far.You can take your small precautions.But have you really gotten away? Can you ever escape?

Or is the truth that you do not have the strength or cunning to hide from destiny.But the world is not small, you are.And fate can find you anywhere.Sometimes questions are more powerful than answers.How are these happening? What are they? Why them , not others? Why now?

What does it all mean?

第三篇：英语文章开头结尾常用句型

以下是各种开头写法常用的句型。

一、常用提出概括的句型。

1.The following characteristics may best demonstrate certain advantages of …

2.„ In general, the situation is still serious.3.The bright side and the dark side of … have been summarized as follows.4.Different people have different opinions（ideas）about „

5.In daily life, we often meet with various situations concerning …

6.People enjoy several benefits from …

7.Different attitudes towards … may be listed as follows.二、常用点明主题的句型。

1.It has been said that …

2.In my opinion, it is right to …

3.In a certain sense, …

三、常用介绍评述对象的句型。

1.„refer to …

2.„may be described as …

3.…can be defined as …

四、常用交代目的的句型。

1.In order to … I write this passage.2.The present author（笔者、本文作者）has written this essay so as to „

3.This article is written not for the purpose of …, but for the purpose of …

4.The composition is written for the sake of …

5.I have this report published in the hope of …

6.Owing to（Because of, Due to）„, I write these words.五、常用提出问题的句型。

1.What has caused the problem?

2.Have you ever thought about the factors which can be attributedto the phenomenon?

3.What is the nature of …?

4.What are the causes of this new phenomenon?

5.____ now plays such an influential part in people’s lives that it is essential for us to try to decide whether it is a blessing(福)or a curse(祸).Obviously ____ has both bright side and dark side.But does the former outweigh the latter?

下面的开篇句子虽然不是一个问句，但它实际上提出了一个问题，因此也可以归入这一类型。

6.It has never been explained why „

7.No one could explain why „

六、引用名人名言或谚语俗语开头时，常用以下句型。

1.An ancient Chinese saying goes, “ … ”.2.As an English proverb exposes one truth , “ … ”.3.A motto(箴言，座右铭)reads, “ „ ”.4.A famous philosopher once said, “ … ”.文章结尾

结尾部分可能使用的结束语

一.意犹未尽。此类结束语往往能唤起读者的期待感。

1)The suggestion(proposal, plan, scheme, etc.)is open to question(discussion, argument, etc.).2)The phenomenon remains to be further studied.3)This article is only the beginning of a long essay.4)What has been discussed above is only the tip of an iceberg(冰山一角).5)The story is hardly unique.There are many similar stories in reality.6)This is not the only case.It is worth conducting further research.7)But this new application is another story — one we will talk about in another article.二.号召呼吁。有的作者往往在此类结束语中提出一些具体建议。

1)It’s time for us to realize the urgency of the situation.Complaint and gloom are useless;we should readjust to new challenges.Today we must take immediate actions to preserve a hopeful tomorrow.2)Though we have made much progress, we must remember that it is only the first step in the right direction.Let’s continue to contribute our efforts and ideas.To solve the problem(To reach our goals, To realize our dreams, To carry out the project further, etc.), we still have a long way to go.3)To realize „, we should initiate(开始，着手)a series of measures.Firstly, government must enforce strategic policy in the long run.Secondly, the development of has to come along with the perfecting of the country’s laws(or democracy or social security network, etc.).Thirdly, the power to implement laws(执法力度)should be strengthened.All this means that we must take immediate and efficient actions.4)Ways of coping with the issue are many, but what really counts is that we should do more than talk about handling the problem.Only when the whole country(or the whole world)all go into action can we really solve it.Bear in mind the old saying, “Actions speak louder than words.”

5)To deal with the serious crisis, governments at all levels or governments worldwide(各级政府或各国政府)have had to adopt legal, economic and administrative(行政的)means.Besides, common folks should make consistent efforts.Let’s keep a close watch over the progress.6)In order to prevent the bad situation from turning worse, all sides concerned must find an efficient way to cope with it.The authorities related should improve the system and carry out regulations more strictly.Meanwhile ordinary citizens should abide by(遵守)laws and regulations.7)I am making this appeal for society to pay overwhelming attention to this essential issue.It is not enough for government to strengthen supervision of the management of ______(加强对······管理的监督).All the concerned citizens musttranslate high spirit into more concrete(具体的)and practical actions.We need to work harder to achieve our goal.三.预测展望

1)Much of the worsening situation could be changed if all sides make more effective efforts.We have high hopes for people because they may translate high spirit into more concrete and practical actions.2)Fortunately the solutions are in sight.The success of previous practice indicates a new dimension（direction方向）.Advanced science and technology will be introduced and applied in solving the problem.The road is tough, but the future is bright.3)Clearly, as the economy develops and society advances, ____ will play increasingly important roles in modern life, and will thus become an indispensable part for people’s life.4)Every old game has a definite end, and every new one is a world reborn.The change will be a turning point from poverty to prosperity(繁荣).We are confident that we will bring our hopes to fruition, and we are certain that tomorrow will be better than today.5)If the decline continues, the situation will soon be out of control.In this sense, the fighting is a life-and-death struggle.Therefore, the industrial insiders(业内人士)are likely to seek immediate solutions to halt(阻止)the worsening trend(趋势).6)After carefully weighing the pros and cons(权衡利弊), the government will probably take some actions to prevent the current situation from worsening.四.归纳总结

1)Obviously, the use of ____（某种技术、发明、革新项目如克隆技术、互联网、转基因食品、数码电视或生活用品如汽车、电话、空调等）, like anything else, has both advantages and disadvantages.While they are so indispensable to mankind they also bring serious problems.We can only hope that people, while making the best use of ____, will eventually find a satisfactory solution to the problems caused by them.2)So we can conclude: ____ can give us enjoyment, and also bring some troubles.All that depends on how we make use of it.We should make it our good servant, not our bad master.3)From the discussion above, it can be summed up that ____ is one of the most useful things in modern life.Its advantages are self-evident（不言自明）, while its disadvantages are headaches.Now we must try our best to make it serve us well.At the same time, we should take measures to limit and reduce its side effects.4)Clearly, like everything else, ____ has two sides — the bright side and the dark side.The dark side does not mean that we should abandon ____, of course.It does mean that we have had to find ways to deal with the problems ____ causes.The

key to the question is how we use it to its best advantage.5)Weighing the two sides, both arguments seem to be reasonable.It is no denying（不可否认）that as a miracle（奇迹）of technology created by human beings, ____ has penetrated（渗透）nearly every aspect of our life, therefore, its influences on society are of a big concern.It also goes without saying（不言而喻）that ___ may be applied by evil people to harm public, thus____ should be brought under control.6)There are many other arguments for and against____.I think, we must realize that in itself ____ is neither good nor bad.Actually, it is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to people and society.7)In view of the mentioned features of ____, the use of ____ should be well controlled.We ought to find a safer means which will bring joy and comfort rather than blood and tears.

第四篇：审题、开头和结尾

一、审题

1、分析下列作文题，按照要求把题目分类（在横线标出题号）

⑴ 早晨⑵ 好姑姑⑶ 友谊⑷ 比赛⑸ 上学路上⑹ 放学以后⑺ 我的妹妹⑻ 我和妹妹⑼ 我爱劳动⑽ 难忘的一天⑾ 和好⑿ 爱晚前⒀ 练毛笔字⒁ 这件事教育了我限制中心的题目有_______________________

限制时间的题目有_______________________

限制地点的题目有_______________________

限制叙事的题目有_______________________

限制写人的题目有_______________________

限制写人物关系的题目有_________________

2、用~~~~~~划出下列题目中的关键词，并体会它对表现文章中心思想的作用。

他家富起来了我和同桌比手劲妈妈教我洗衣服这件事做对了他的心灵美

二、为下面的文章补写开头和结尾。

我和我的四季

开

头：______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

春眠不觉晓

万物自沉睡复苏，春，复苏生命的活力。融雪浸润过的植物带着嫩芽花苞重返人间，迎着暖风和着暖韵去唤醒更多的生灵。„„„春天在努力过后也将过去，我只赶上春的尾巴，懵懂地万象更新的快车。

小荷尖尖角

万物躁动，夏，引导生命的力量。„„„夏天的我正在迎接烈日的考验。吸足水分、汲取养分、做足准备。洒下了一片绿荫。夏天在努力中过去，我正成为这个季节最骄傲的树。稻香说丰年

万物迎来收获，秋，带来成熟的喜悦。„„„金黄的树叶向众人展示了我获得的成绩，累累的果实传达了成熟的喜悦。而在这喜悦之秋中度过的我也成了一棵快乐的树。

独钓寒江雪

万物沉入寂静，冬，凝聚忍冬的沉默。在这寂静之乡，树叶飘落，花朵凋零，„„„而我仿佛看见了来年春泉的流动。冬天的我经历了喜悦便开始稳重的思考，为下一个春天做好基础，„„„在忍耐中，我已成为成熟的树。

结

尾：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

第五篇：记叙文开头和结尾

开 头

“良好的开端是成功的一半”，一篇文章的开头是很重要的。文章有了好的开头，不仅能带动全篇，使文章顺利展开，而且能抓住读者，引人入胜。古人说的文章的“凤头、猪肚、豹尾”就含有这个意思。这里，向大家介绍几种比较好掌握的记叙文的开头方法：

一、开门见山法

（1）交代事件基本要素的叙述法

《挥手之间》的开头，交代了事件的时间、地点：“一九四五年八月二十八日清早，从青凉山望下去，见有不少人顺着山上大路朝东门外飞机场走去。”

《记一次乒乓球赛》的开头,交代了时间的人物、起因和时间。

（2）开门见山、揭示主题的点题法

《背影》一文的开头写到：“我与父亲不相见已二年多了，我最不能忘记的是他的背影。”

《白杨礼赞》一文开头就说：“白杨树实在是不平凡的，我赞美白杨树。”

（３）把事情的开头作为文章开头的自然起笔法

一篇题目是《记一堂生物课》的作文开头是这样的:“上课铃声响了,大家都走进了生物实验室。”

二、非开门见山法

这里所说的“非开门见山法”,并非无“门”,而是使用写作技法(如议论、描写、抒情、引用等)、修辞方法(如设问、比喻等)或其它的方法(如设置悬念等)把“门”装饰的更美一些,使文章更添文采,进而更深刻、更生动地表现主题,更引人入胜。如:（1）环境描写、渲染气氛的描写法

《驿路梨花》的开头描写了自然环境：“山，好大的山啊！起伏的青色群山一座挨一座，延伸到远方，消失在迷茫的春色中。”渲染了哀牢山中深远迷茫的气氛，对后文写边疆军民助人为乐的感人事迹起了衬托的作用。

（2）深化主题的议论抒情法

课文《谁是最可爱的人》、例文《不寻常的考试》都是用了这种开头方法。

（3）名言、警句、诗歌的引用法

《人民的勤务员》的开头：“人的生命是有限的，可是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命，投入到无限的为人民服务之中去。”这是雷锋日记中一段著名的话，以这段话开头，对后文记述雷锋的事迹，无疑是起到了“文眼”的作用。

冰心的《每逢佳节》一文开头引用了王维的诗《九月九日忆山东兄弟》：“独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人。”入题新颖、感情真挚，点明了思念海外亲人的题旨。

（4）引人入胜的提示法

《第二次考试》的开头提出了一件奇怪的事情，引起读者的注意，自然会使人想到：“这是为什么？”急于从后文中寻找答案，因而增强了文章的吸引力。

（5）吸引读者的设问法

有一篇作文的题目是《我的家乡》,它的开头是这样的:“朋友,你到过我的家乡吗？你登过我家乡的山、游过我家乡的水、吃过我家乡的肥鲤鱼吗？”

文章开头的写法是多种多样的，这里不过提示了其中常见的几种。在写作当中，有时并不能单一地使用某一种方法，而是几种方法兼而有之。究竟使用什么方法开头，要从文章的整体构思出发考虑，要从表现中心思想的需要出发，通篇安排整体设计，选择最恰当的开头方法。

结 尾

与开头一样，文章的结尾也是相当重要的。成功的结尾，能使读者更深入、更透彻地理解文章内容，进一步领会文章的中心思想；精彩的结尾，能唤起读者的思考与共鸣，增强文章的感染力。选择结尾的方法，也必须从全局来考虑，要使记叙的事件完整清楚，使文章的结构首尾呼应，以求得更好地表达中心，达到写作的目的。下面介绍几种常用的结尾方法。

（1）自然顺畅的结果交代法

聂华苓的《人，又少了一个》，写了一个女乞讨者三年前后的不同形象与神态，表现了人格的堕落这一深刻的主题。文中作者未加任何评论与分析，只是用白描的手法，记述了事件的经过。结尾写道：“砰地一声，大门被踢上了。那女人回过头来，冷笑了一声，然后漠然望了我一眼。她已经不认得我了！”这一不加修饰的自然结尾，给读者留下了无限的思考余地，令人回味无穷。例文《记一次乒乓球赛》使用的也是这种结尾方法。

（2）照应开头的首尾呼应法

结尾要呼应开头，这是记叙文的一般写法，很多文章都体现了这一特点。郭沫若先生的《白鹭》一文开头就说：“白鹭是一首精巧的诗。”结尾又说：“白鹭实在是一首诗，一首韵在骨子里的散文诗。”“白鹭是诗”，这一不寻常的比喻，特别是结尾具体化为“散文诗”，突出了白鹭的平凡而美好、朴素而高洁的特点，赞颂了白鹭的美。

（3）画龙点睛的全文总结法

这种方法，一般是用议论或抒情的方式概括全文中心或对文中的人物、事件加以评论。《谁是最可爱的人》一文的结尾段就属于这种类型，这段文字兼用议论与抒情的方式结束全文，最后一句话点题：“你一定会深深地爱我们的战士，——他们确实是我们最可爱的人！”例文《春天的色彩》、《分房》的结尾也是这样的。

有时，用来总结全文的还可以是名言、警句或诗句，这样的结尾更是言简意赅，起到画龙点睛的作用。如《驿路梨花》的末段“我望着这群充满朝气的哈尼小姑娘和那洁白的梨花，不由得想起了一句话‘驿路梨花处处开’。”

（4）含蓄深刻的启发联想法

鲁迅先生的《故乡》的结尾是最典型的例子：“我想：希望是本无所谓有，无所谓无的。这正如地上的路；其实地上本没有路，走的人多了，也便成了路。”这段话含蓄、深刻，一语双关。启发人们为创造新生活勇敢地开辟道路，使全文的思想感情得到升华，体现了鲁迅“韧”的战斗精神。例文《逝去的岁月》在结尾就做了这样的尝试。

（5）激励读者的感叹法

有些文章结尾既不是总结中心，也不是启发联想，而是作者直抒胸臆，表达强烈的爱与憎。《白杨礼赞》的结尾就大声疾呼道：“让那些看不起民众、贱视民众、顽固的倒退的人们去赞美那贵族化的楠木（那也是直挺秀颀的），去鄙视这极常见、极易生长的白杨树吧，我要高声赞美白杨树！”

文章结尾与开头一样，方法也是灵活多样的，而且没有固定的模式，以上提供的方法仅供参考，写作时要根据内容与中心的需要恰当运用，不能生搬硬套。

JLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJLKJ { 例文1 { 我的“倔脾气” 北京一考生

我就是有这么一个倔脾气，凡事总爱“叫劲”，上中学以后，与同学更是互不相让。本来嘛，都是血气方刚的“小子”，谁服谁？不服，比嘛！

一次，老师在课上表扬了×××同学坚持每天早起读外语的精神。于是，我和他又“叫上劲”了，你每天五点半起，我就五点钟起，你每天读二十个单词，我就背三十个。还有一次，一名同学闲谈中无意谈起，他每天在家里干不少家务。这下，又把我的“倔脾气”挑起来了。当天晚上，我一回到家便郑重宣布，“今天的饭我包了。”弄得家里人都“丈二和尚”摸不着头脑„„你瞧，我就是这么一个“倔脾气”。

记得刚上初二时，我还曾挑起过一次“竞赛”呢。那就是开学不久的一天，在与老师谈话时，我获悉：初二将建立团支部，发展团员啦！听了这个喜讯，我真是激动不已。早在初一时，我便向往有朝一日能戴上团徽，因为那是成熟的标志，那是先进的象征。于是，我急忙写一份入团“申请书”，郑重地交给老师。不料，我的行动在班里反映很大，很多同学争先恐后地递交了入团申请书，不少同学写得很深刻，读起来很感人。不行，我的那份比起他们差远了，于是，我用了整整三个晚上，查阅了大量资料，终于写成了一篇更生动、深刻的申请书„„这场竞赛的结果是，平均每个同学递交了三份半的申请书，你瞧，比着呢！

最“精彩”的一次莫过于那次“学习竞赛”了。初二下学期期末考试结束后，据有关人士透露，本班另外一名同学的平均分，仅超过我零点一分。我一听，立刻没话说了。但转念一想，本来这次考试我的确发挥得不理想，考得不好也应该。不过，咱们初三再见！

自从一上初三，我便憋着一口气，一定要超过他。临近期中考试，我做了周密、系统的复习。就连平时要求我严格的父亲也不住夸我：“真知道读书了。”果然，功夫不负有心人，当成绩单一张贴出来。我急忙跑去看，哈，我荣登榜首。正欢喜时，人丛中有人拍我肩膀，原来正是我的“老对头”。他向我一笑，说：“祝贺你”。说罢，大大方方地伸出了手，“不过，咱们期末再分高低。”我也伸出了手，紧紧地握住了他的手会心地一笑„„真是，谁松一口气也不行。

转眼间，三年过去了。回顾我所走过的人生道路，我深深地体会到：这种向上的精神，这种进取的性格，在我的成长道路上，起了多么大的作用啊！它教我惭愧，催我自新，催我去追求更高的目标。九十年代的今天，不正需要这种性格吗？它使人振作，它使人奋进，她鼓舞人去创造更美好的明天。

我将继续保持这种性格。并在它的鞭策下，努力去学习、工作，力争成为一名合格的社会主义接班人！

［评析］ 这是一篇考试作文，考题只给了一个范围：“每个人都有自己的长处和短处。请用一件或几件事，写出自己的长处或短处。”题目是作者自拟的。文章开头的写法是“开门见山”，直接点题：“我就是有这么个倔脾气，凡事总爱‘叫劲’。”文章通过几件小事，写出了这股“倔”劲儿的表现：别人早起背单词，自己起得更早；积极申请入团，申请书要比别人写得好；学习竞赛中，更是“荣登榜首”。描述生动，语言风趣，选材能围绕中心。只是结尾稍显一般，若能新颖些则更好。{ 例文2 { 我最喜爱画奔马 安徽 王肖生

课余时间，我最大的爱好是画画，飞禽走兽、山光水色、花卉草木，都成了我笔下的对象，但我最喜爱的还是画奔马。

你一走进我的小房间，便会发现满墙贴着画，这全是我画的奔马图。画上的奔马有的健躯腾空、有的狂奔长嘶„„形态不一，各具特点。靠窗的桌子，放着笔墨和一堆画纸，纸上也全是我画的奔马。

为了画好奔马，我常常在星期日，带着笔和画纸到校外的村庄去。那里有来往不绝的马车。我便坐在村口，仔细观察拉车飞跑的奔马的动作和神态，手中的笔也飞速地画着，勾勒出一匹匹的骏马。这样一画就是半天，有时忘了吃饭，把妈妈急得到处找。

另外，我还注意搜集一些名画家的奔马图。在我的小柜里，堆满了名画家的奔马。一到假日或星期天，我就取出这些画放在桌上，反复琢磨，反复临摹，努力揣摩他们画马的技巧。不管在哪里，只要见到奔马图，我就一定要把它买下来。有一次，我听说公路旁的商店里有奔马图，立刻顶着炎炎赤日，一路小跑到商店。当满身是汗的我抢着买下了它，心里别提多高兴了，热和累也顿时烟消云散了！

由于我认真地画奔马，所以我画的奔马挺有精神。每次学校举行画展，都有我的奔马图。有一次参加全县中小学画展，还得了二等奖呢！难怪同学们都叫我“小悲鸿”。

我爱画奔马，是因为它能给人以力量和鼓舞，是使人热血沸腾、斗志昂扬；是因为它能唤起暂遭挫折的人去克服困难，使已经取得某些成功的人更加奋进。其实，我们的祖国不也是一匹奔马吗？解放以来，我国像奔马一样，踏上了新的征途，向前快速飞奔。虽然在十年**中被四个妖魔挡了道，但它们最终被“奔马”踩在脚下。现在，祖国这匹骏马，正以新的姿态，在通向共产主义的大道上飞驰。

我爱奔马，我爱画奔马，我更要当“奔马”！

［评析］ 这是一篇考试作文，要求写记叙文，题目是填充式《我最喜爱______》，此文首段就提出中心：“我最喜爱的是画奔马”。怎样表现这个中心呢？文中写了自己的小房间里贴满了奔马图；假日到村庄里去看马，画马；千方百计搜集名家的作品„„选材恰切，语言简洁。更值得称道的是，文章没有止步于对这一爱好的记述，而是更进一步揭示了爱画奔马的原因，用奔马比喻祖国飞速发展的英姿。结尾的“我爱奔马，我爱画奔马，我更要当‘奔马’”，直抒胸臆，使主题得到了升华。v 写作训练 v 1．试以“爱说爱笑的爸爸这两天怎么忽然变得少言寡语了呢？”为文章的首句，口头写一篇记叙文。

2．试以“最不爱唱歌的爸爸今天下班回来突然哼起了小曲”为文章的首句，口头写一篇记叙文。

3．试以下面一句话为文章的结尾，在其前边写一片断，或描写情境，或描写人物心理。

“此刻，响亮的‘嘟嘟嘟’的汽车喇叭声在她听来，真好象一首欢快而悠扬的乐曲。” 4．以下面一句话作为文章的结尾，写一篇记叙文。

“唉，有些东西渴望得到它时，往往憧憬得无比美好，可一旦拥有后，才会发现，它给你带来欢乐，同时也带来烦恼。”