Inside Job 监守自盗的观后感

第一篇：Inside Job 监守自盗的观后感

Inside Job---Big Crisis

Inside Job, a documentary, was filmed to explore the cause of the outbreak of the financial crisis in 2008.Starting with the situations of Iceland, interviewing the Wall Street financial elite, economists, government officials, financial consumers and showing the real objective data materials, the documentary, including four parts, shows us the reasons of the crisis and some of its influences subtly and logically.From the documentary, we can find out the reasons of the crisis as follows: Firstly, it is the broad policy of deregulation with easing credit conditions.Besides, greedy Wall Street financial elites and some greedy government officials accounts for it.What’s more, misguidance of the credit rating agencies also makes ―a contribution‖ to the crisis.Finally, it could be the dereliction of duty of the U.S.financial regulatory bodies.Among the reasons stated above, the broad policy of deregulation with easing credit conditions and dereliction of duty of the financial regulatory bodies seem to count much.The word, ―regulation‖ appears fluently, and it seems that every time when it mentioned, lack of regulation and dereliction of duty of the financial regulatory bodies are obvious to us.Now, let’s learn about how these causes account for the big crisis in detail.As we know, nothing could happen without reasons, and of course, together with its consequences.The crisis appeared when an industry was out of control.That’s the collapse of the financial markets.And the most important reason of the collapse is, obviously, the dereliction of duty of the regulation.But, why the regulation could not take its responsibility well? How could that happened?

Well, thanks to the fact that the financial industry was tightly regulated with most regular banks were local businesses, and prohibited from speculating with depositors' savings, the United States had 40 years of economic growth without a single financial crisis after the Great Depression.This great achievement, unfortunately, just could not last forever.When it came to the 1980s, with the thought that he highest order of business before the nation is to restore American economic prosperity, President Ronald Reagan together with his administration deregulated savings and loan companies, allowing them to make risky investments with their depositors' money.The deregulation continued or even worse situation it is when presidents Clinton and George W.Bush were in power.For example, by the late 1990s, the financial sector had consolidated into a few gigantic firms.Each of them was so large that their failure could threaten the whole system;the Clinton administration, however, helped them grow even larger.What’s worse, in 1999, at the urging of Summers and Rubin, Congress passed the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, which overturned Glass-Steagall, a law which prevented banks with consumer deposits from engaging in risky investment banking activities.The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act played an important part in clearing the way for future mergers.Thus, the broad policy of deregulation continued, and the crisis was in the corner.In fact, when the deregulation continued, there came the chance for the financial industry and those greedy guys.Beginning in the 1990s, deregulation and advances in technology led to an explosion of complex financial products, called derivatives.In order to maximize the profit, financial enterprises focused on derivatives trading.What is worse, In December of 2000, Congress passed the Commodity Futures Modernization Act.It banned the regulation of derivatives.Financial derivatives were flourishing from that moment.Regulators, politicians, and businesspeople did not take seriously the threat of financial innovation on the stability of the financial system.Using derivatives such as CDO, CDS and subprime loan as well as credit default swaps, financial firms and bankers could gamble on virtually anything to earn a large fortune.The world's biggest financial firms started laundering money, defrauding customers, and cooking their books.The market became more unstable gradually.In other word, the wind was blowing, and it would rain at any time.Now, it comes to the misguidance of the credit rating agencies.As for investors, Rating is the scale and orientation or direction.But major rating agencies, such as Moody's, Standard & Poor's and Fitch, did not fulfill their own responsibility.The investment banks paid rating agencies to evaluate the CDOs, and many of them were given a AAA rating.Those agencies just wanted to earn as much money as they can.AAA means nothing to them.They gave out 2A even when some financial firms, such as Lehman Brothers, Merrill Lynch, AIG, were becoming impoverished.These people did a lot to blow the world up.Finally, when we say that the dereliction of duty of financial regulatory bodies was also an important cause, that means sometimes financial regulatory bodies did nothing when they did can do something with their rights in hand.They were just unwilling to do their jobs.Take the Securities and Exchange Commission;it conducted no major investigations of the investment banks during the bubble.It is their dereliction of duty made the situation even worse---to big crisis.When we finished learning the reasons of the crisis, we now turn to the influences.The global economic crisis of 2008 cost tens of millions of people their savings, their jobs, and their homes.This is the very fact without any overstatement.The consequences, actually, was disastrous.Here are the evidences we could find from the documentary.When it refers to Iceland, we must be impressed by her suffer.When the finance took over, a massive bubble was there with stock prices went up by a factor of nine and house prices more than doubled.Thus, When Iceland's banks collapsed, losing $100 billion, at the end of 2008, unemployment tripled in six months.There is nobody unaffected in Iceland.So a lot of people lost their savings.Isn’t it terrible?

In the American case, don’t expect it to be any better.When it dated back to 1980s, in America, hundreds of savings and loan companies had failed.That crisis cost tax payers 124 billion dollars, and cost many people their life savings.The next crisis came at the end of the '90s.The investment banks fueled a massive bubble in Internet stocks, which was followed by a crash in 2001 that caused 5 trillion dollars in investment losses.This time, unfortunately, the result was the biggest financial bubble in history.In September 2008, the bankruptcy of the U.S.investment bank Lehman Brothers, and the collapse of the world's largest insurance company, AIG, triggered a global financial crisis.Stocks fell off a cliff – the largest single point drop in history.Share prices continued to tumble in the aftermath of the Lehman collapse.The financial industry turned its back on society, corrupted America’s political system.For the first time in history, average Americans have less education and are less prosperous than their parents.They face a financial crisis as serious as any that we have faced since the Great Depression.On October 4th, 2008, President Bush signs a 700-billion-dollar bailout bill.But world stock markets continue to fall.Unemployment in the United States and Europe quickly rises to 10 percent.The national debt of the United States doubled.The result, in fact, was a global recession, which cost the world tens of trillions of dollars;rendered 30 million people unemployed.And as U.S.consumers cut back on spending, Chinese manufacturers see sales plummet.Over 10 million migrant workers in China lose their jobs.Life gets harder for those who lost their jobs.And when looked at the cost of the crisis — destruction of equity wealth, of housing wealth;the destruction of income, of jobs, about 9 million homeowners lost their homes and 50 million people globally could end up below the poverty line again…

Isn’t it a hugely, hugely expensive crisis? When those greedy traders and CEOs became enormously wealthy during the bubble, ironically, the poor have to pay for the crisis.Isn’t the culprits punished? When the reasons of the big crisis are obvious, that’s, when the root of the problem gets clear, isn’t it the very right time to take real action? Anyway, wisdom comes from experience.Governments, financial elite, and economists have to think twice before they make a decision.I hope that we are not going to experience such a hugely expensive crisis any more.

第二篇：《监守自盗》观后感

金融监管失职引发的金融危机

----《监守自盗》观后感 《监守自盗》是探究2008年金融危机爆发原因的纪录片，本片主要是通过采访华尔街金融精英、经济学家、政府要员、金融消费者等和展示客观真实的数据材料，给观众呈现出了金融危机爆发的诸多原因。

从影片中可以找出金融危机爆发的原因如下：低利润和宽松的信贷条件；贪婪的华尔街金融精英对金钱的无止尽的追求；信用评价机构的错误引导；美国金融监管机构的失职。在上述原因中，美国金融机构监管的缺陷和失职是主要原因，2007年诺贝尔经济学奖得主之一马斯金教授曾指出：美国次贷危机爆发的主要责任在政府的监管失职。在影片中“监管”这个词出现的频率很高，但是几乎每次提到监管都意在指出金融监管在市场经济运行中的失职。

美国在金融危机前采取的是“多重多头”的监管体制，多重是指联邦和各州均享有金融监管的权力，多头是指在一个国家有多个履行金融监管职能的机构。美国危机前的监管机构在联邦层面主要有美国联邦储蓄系统(FRS)，货币监管署（OCC），联邦存款保险公司（FDIC），证券交易委员会（SEC）)，商品期货交易委员会（CFTC），储蓄管理局（OTS），信用合作社管理局（NCUA）等七个机构。上述机构的分工是：FRS、OCC、FDIC三家机构负责对商业银行的监管，SEC负责对商业银行的监管，CFTC负责期货交易机构和期货市场的监管，OTS负责对储蓄存款协会和储蓄贷款控股公司的监管，NUCA负责对信用合作社的监管。美国这种专业化分工和多重监管机制很长时间是许多国家效仿的对象，这套制度在自由主义主导的美国确实支持过美国经济大繁荣，但是不可否认的是这套制度确实让美国经济秩序极度失控。

危机并不是凭空发生的，而是由某个行业失控引起的，某个行业就是金融行

业，而金融行业的失控的主要责任在于监管的失职。1982年里根政府实行的是金融监管宽松政策，放宽了对储蓄贷款公司的限制，允许贷款公司动用储蓄存款进行风险投资，这最终导致了80年代末上百家储蓄贷款公司倒闭，直接经济损失1240亿美元，无数人损失了一生积蓄。在这场储贷危机中，OTS并没有很好地履行自己的职责，进行有效监管。OTS是不是应该存续存款公司的存款进行核计，是不是该对风险投资进行有效的督查和监控，进而限制储蓄存款风险投资。在90年代末发生的危机中，针对投资银行对因特网泡沫的股票投资崩溃导致5万亿美元凭空蒸发的事实，证券交易委员会对此毫无作为。这些只是监管不力的具体表现，对于影片中所展示的金融监管失职远不于此。

在危机前美国实行的是“多边监管”机制，这种机制随着次贷证券化、金融创新以及监管者为提高市场竞争力放松监管的发展，就会出现监管重复和监管疏漏。花旗在危机前是世界上最大的金融服务企业，监管它的不仅有货币管理署、联邦储备银行、联邦存款保险机构、储蓄机构监管署以及交易委员会，还有其他50个州的监管机构，这些机构存在监管重复的现象。不同的监管文化、监管理念、监管标准，没有统一的监管标准确要做到高效监管确实不易。另外监管重复也可能会在造成无人监管局面，有一名美联储委员在接受采访时表示美联储没有对不断发放的抵押贷款进行深入的调查是因为他们以为有人在进行调查，这种推脱中可以看到多重监管缺失是会导致无监管局面的出现。当一个金融机构处于低效监管或者无监管状态时，在利益的驱使下，就会出现类似抵押贷款呈倍数增加的不合理现象。

多标准监管和金融机构之间的竞争，各监管机构监管区存在监管漏洞是很正常的，于是就出现了影片中呈现出的诸多监管真空。随着金融创新，各种金融衍生品蓬勃发展，为了最求利益的最大化，各类金融企业把焦点瞄准了衍生品交易。

美联储主席格林斯潘和萨默斯部长合作提议金融衍生品不应受到监管，2000年12月国会通过了商品交易现代化法案，规定禁止对金融衍生品的监管，不受法律约束的衍生品交易从此一发不可收拾，愈演愈烈。除了传统的期权、期货等衍生品，新出现的CDO和CDS等金融衍生品在不受监管的前提下为投资银行所用来大发财。抵押债务责任证券和信用违约互换都是风险分散、收益极高的金融产品，这些产品都处在资产证券化的链条中，具有明显的蝴蝶效应。由于资产证券化的发展，放贷者不再担心还款，投资银行同样也不在乎，于是销售的CDO越来越多，在短短三年内抵押贷款总量增加了四倍，这使得原本就不稳定的金融交易市场不稳定性倍增。除了金融衍生品不受监管外，对冲基金、私募基金、高杠杆率运作等也都处于监管真空或监管不充分。游离于金融监管之外的产品和交易逐渐酿成此次金融危机。

08年金融危机追本溯源，我们可以发现那些打上“3A”标志的次债是一切问题的根源。“3A”是谁给的，当然是美国的评级机构。我记得影片中对冲基金经理说：“有价证券没有评级机构的认定就买不出去”。由此可以看出信用评级机构的重要性，在整个金融交易链条中，评级对于投资者而言就是向标和导向。但是美国的三大评级机构穆迪、标普、惠誉却没有尽好自己的责任。一方面评级更新比较滞后，另一方面美国的评级机构评级与评级费用呈正相关，评级越高，评级费用也就越多。穆迪作为最大的评级机构，其利润从2000年到2007年番四了倍。于是“3A”证书也就成百上千的发放出去，每年都有上千亿美元的投资被评级，甚至五大投资银行在破灭前其评级仍至少是A级。美国证券交易委员会对于评级机构的贪婪行为并没有采取措施，这也助长了评级机构进行虚假评级。如果对美国的信用评议制度进行规范化和立法化，把它作为金融监管体系的一部分，那么次债的破坏程度就不会那么深，次债危机的影响也会减少。可以说疏于

监管的评级机构发出的引导投资者投资的“3A”次债是此次危机爆发的重要原因。

此次危机的导火线是美国银行利润上涨以及房地产价格下降带来的资金断裂，这其中监管失职负主要责任。业主公平保护法案广泛授权联邦储备委员会对抵押贷款行业进行规范，但是格林斯潘拒绝使用，抵押贷款行业处于放任自由的状态。一些金融机构为了更快更多的发放次级贷款，有意放松对贷款人基本贷款资质和条件的审查，由于过度竞争一些机构和开发商达成“默契”，部分借贷人购房时可以是“零首付”。每个人都可以申请抵押贷款，借款人用高额的次贷置地，房价和对房的需求急剧增加，形成了历史上最大的经济泡沫，证券交易委员会在泡沫期间没有对投资银行进行任何调查。疏于监管的抵押贷款行业发放巨额得到贷款并且获得巨额利润，全国信贷公司放出970亿的贷款从中获利110亿美元。在次贷证券化的链条中，风险巨大在于消费者的还款能力是个未知数，当消费者还不起次贷时，次级债就欠款，进而使得银行或者信托倒闭，接着联储调控，从而信贷紧缩，之后带来一系列的资金断裂短缺，引爆金融危机的导火线就是如此。

把油轮比做的市场，为了防止巨大的油轮倾覆后原油泄漏所以要把巨大的油轮用水密隔舱加以分割，而市场中的监管机制就相当与于水密隔舱，监管失职或放松监管就相当于去掉这些隔舱，没有隔舱的油轮容易发生原油泄漏，所以要预防金融危机的发生就必须要监管有效充分。

班级：09政教姓名：肖冬学号：0903040063

第三篇：监守自盗观后感

《监守自盗》观后感

看完了这部纪录片之后给我带来的震撼是非常大的，那些所谓的华尔街精英竟然为了自己的利益将全美乃至世界的经济置于危机之中。纪录片开头以冰岛政府破产为开头，讲述了2008年金融危机爆发的前因后果。本片中邀请了很多金融界的名人，其中有华尔街的银行高管、美联储委员以及其它美国金融监管部门职员等等。他们各自站在各自的角度讲述自己对于这场危机的看法以及自己当时的所作所为。

本片客观的反应出了金融危机的产生的原因以及华尔街的银行高管如何通过对金融衍生品的运用来赚取高额的薪水。华尔街的银行家通过自己手里雄厚的资本首先将政府里面的一切阻力扫除以使政府制定有利于维护自己利益的法规，其次还通过与国际三大评级机构的相互勾结使其对所谓的垃圾债券给出比较高的评级，最后通过金融衍生品的运用将次贷危机巧妙的转移到普通大众身上。

从金融工程的角度来看，这次危机到底是怎么形成的呢？首先我们来分析一下美国的金融监管部门，美国在金融危机前采取的是“多重多头”的监管体制，多重是指联邦和各州均享有金融监管的权力，多头是指在一个国家有多个履行金融监管职能的机构。美国危机前的监管机构在联邦层面主要有美国联邦储蓄系统(FRS)、货币监管署（OCC）、联邦存款保险公司（FDIC）、证券交易委员会（SEC）)、商品期货交易委员会（CFTC）、储蓄管理局（OTS）、信用合作社管理局（NCUA）等七个机构。上述机构的分工是：FRS、OCC、FDIC

三家机构负责对商业银行的监管，SEC负责对商业银行的监管，CFTC负责期货交易机构和期货市场的监管，OTS负责对储蓄存款协会和储蓄贷款控股公司的监管，NUCA负责对信用合作社的监管。美国这种专业化分工和多重监管机制很长时间是许多国家效仿的对象，这套制度在自由主义主导的美国确实支持过美国经济大繁荣，但是不可否认的是这套制度确实让美国经济秩序极度失控。

1982年里根政府实行的是金融监管宽松政策，放宽了对储蓄贷款公司的限制，允许贷款公司动用储蓄存款进行风险投资，这最终导致了80年代末上百家储蓄贷款公司倒闭，直接经济损失1240亿美元，无数人损失了一生积蓄。在这场储贷危机中，OTS并没有很好地履行自己的职责，进行有效监管。OTS是不是应该存续存款公司的存款进行核计，是不是该对风险投资进行有效的督查和监控，进而限制储蓄存款风险投资。在90年代末发生的危机中，针对投资银行对因特网泡沫的股票投资崩溃导致5万亿美元凭空蒸发的事实，证券交易委员会对此毫无作为。这些只是监管不力的具体表现，对于影片中所展示的金融监管失职远不于此。

金融危机发生之前，美国的“多边监管”机制随着次贷证券化、金融创新以及监管者为提高市场竞争力放松监管的发展，就会出现监管重复和监管疏漏。花旗在危机前是世界上最大的金融服务企业，监管它的不仅有货币管理署、联邦储备银行、联邦存款保险机构、储蓄机构监管署以及交易委员会，还有其他50个州的监管机构，这些机构存在监管重复的现象。不同的监管文化、监管理念、监管标准，没

有统一的监管标准确要做到高效监管确实不易。另外监管重复也可能会在造成无人监管局面，有一名美联储委员在接受采访时表示美联储没有对不断发放的抵押贷款进行深入的调查是因为他们以为有人在进行调查，这种推脱中可以看到多重监管缺失是会导致无监管局面的出现。当一个金融机构处于低效监管或者无监管状态时，在利益的驱使下，就会出现类似抵押贷款呈倍数增加的不合理现象。

接下来再让我们分析一下美国乃至世界的三大评级机构：美国标准普尔公司、穆迪投资服务公司、惠誉国际信用评级有限公司。08年金融危机追本溯源，我们可以发现那些打上“3A”标志的次债是一切问题的根源。“3A”是谁给的，当然是美国的评级机构。一位对冲基金经理曾说：“有价证券没有评级机构的认定就买不出去”。由此可以看出信用评级机构的重要性，在整个金融交易链条中，评级对于投资者而言就是向标和导向。但美国的三大评级机构却没有尽好自己的责任，一方面评级更新比较滞后，另一方面美国的评级机构评级与评级费用呈正相关，评级越高，评级费用也就越多。穆迪作为最大的评级机构，其利润从2000年到2007年番四了倍。于是“3A”证书也就成百上千的发放出去，每年都有上千亿美元的投资被评级，甚至五大投资银行在破灭前其评级仍至少是A级。美国证券交易委员会对于评级机构的贪婪行为并没有采取措施，这也助长了评级机构进行虚假评级。如果对美国的信用评议制度进行规范化和立法化，把它作为金融监管体系的一部分，那么次债的破坏程度就不会那么深，次债危机的影响也会减少。可以说疏于监管的评级机构发出的引导投资者

投资的“3A”次债是此次危机爆发的重要原因。

最后让我们来分析一下，这次的危机导火线即次贷危机的产生。在这里我们要着重“感谢”一下美联储的主席格林斯潘先生，正应为他坚持认为抵押贷款行业应当处于放任自由的状态。一些金融机构为了更快更多的发放次级贷款，有意放松对贷款人基本贷款资质和条件的审查，由于过度竞争一些机构和开发商达成“默契”，部分借贷人购房时可以是“零首付”。每个人都可以申请抵押贷款，借款人用高额的次贷置地，房价和对房的需求急剧增加，形成了历史上最大的经济泡沫，证券交易委员会在泡沫期间没有对投资银行进行任何调查。疏于监管的抵押贷款行业发放巨额得到贷款并且获得巨额利润，全国信贷公司放出970亿的贷款从中获利110亿美元。在次贷证券化的链条中，风险巨大在于消费者的还款能力是个未知数，当消费者还不起次贷时，次级债就欠款，进而使得银行或者信托倒闭，接着联储调控，从而信贷紧缩，之后带来一系列的资金断裂短缺，引爆金融危机的导火线就是如此。

从金融行业的发展历史来看，金融危机的产生是必然现象而不是偶然现象。只要资本家这个群体还存在，那么他们就会毫不留情的用各种手段夺走你手中的财富。而且还是在你不知情的情况下悄无声息的进行着财富转移，这次危机就体现的非常明显。危机也只是他们的一种手段，从这次危机中华尔街那些精英赚的盆满钵盈。这些钱的背后是数以万计的普通人破产，很多人甚至回到了贫困线以内。我觉得避免危机最好的办法就是向共产主义迈进，要逐步消除资本家这个阶

级才能从根本上消除金融危机。

第四篇：监守自盗观后感

监守自盗观后感

银行家天生的贪婪会使得他们将个人的利益置于国家利益之上，为了自己的富裕而置民众于不顾。花旗银行的Chuck Prince有一句名言：“在音乐停下之前（金融危机之前）我们要不停的跳舞（捞钱）。”而此时伴随着音乐，被蒙在鼓里的民众也会跟着跳舞，可当他们停下舞步的时候，才发现音乐早已停止了。

著名投资家索罗斯把金融市场比做超大型油轮，为了防止巨大的油轮倾覆要把巨大的油轮用水密隔舱加以分割，而市场中的监管机制就相当与于水密隔舱，监管失职或放松监管就相当于去掉这些隔舱，没有隔舱的油轮液体容易发生晃动，造成船体倾覆。所以要预防金融危机的发生就必须要监管有效充分。

然而，从80年代初里根政府开始，启动了长达30年的对金融业放松监管的进程。1982年，里根政府对经营存贷款业务的银行放松监管，允许他们用储户存款进行风险投资。联邦储备银行拥有广泛的权力去规范抵押品市场，但美联储主席拒绝使用这些权力。在泡沫飞涨期间，证券和交易所监督管理委员会对各家投资银行没有进行过哪怕一次大一点规模的调查。随着金融创新，各种金融衍生品蓬勃发展，为了最求利益的最大化，各类金融企业把焦点瞄准了衍生品交易。美联储主席格林斯潘和萨默斯部长合作提议金融衍生品不应受到监管，2000年12月国会通过了商品交易现代化法案，规定禁止对金融衍生品的监管，不受法律约束的衍生品交易从此一发不可收拾，愈演愈烈。除了传统的期权、期货等衍生品，新出现的CDO和CDS等金融衍生品在不受监管的前提下为投资银行所用来大发其财。抵押债务责任证券和信用违约互换都是风险分散、收益极高的金融产品，这些产品都处在资产证券化的链条中，具有明显的蝴蝶效应。由于资产证券化的发展，放贷者不再担心还款，投资银行同样也不在乎，于是销售的CDO越来越多，在短短三年内抵押贷款总量增加了四倍，这使得原本就不稳定的金融交易市场不稳定性倍增。除了金融衍生品不受监管外，对冲基金、私募基金、高杠杆率运作等也都处于监管真空或监管不充分。游离于金融监管之外的产品和交易逐渐酿成此次金融危机。

最终，次贷的多米诺骨牌彻底坍塌，经济危机对世界经济造成重大冲击。影片开头的小国冰岛的一片凄惨景象和中国东南沿海无数工厂关门、工人失业的景象让人触目惊心。

第五篇：《监守自盗》 观后感

《监守自盗》观后感

这个世界，可怕的不是那些站在明处挑衅的人，而是那些躲在背后操控全局的人。话说：经济基础决定上层建筑，但又有多少国家政治被经济绑架。掌握游戏规则的银行家们，肆意的宣泄着他们的本性，沦丧着他们的道德底线，为了一己私欲，让全球投资者为之买单，把99%的财富聚集到1%的人手中，然后低调离去，看起来似乎不带走一纸证券。英格兰银行、美联储以及世界上诸多中央银行的成立如此，一战二战的本质如此，08年的金融危机亦是如此。

把2008年全球金融危机归咎于次贷是片面的。事实上次贷是美国政府以改善低收入家庭的住房条件为初衷，通过房地美和房利美实施的贷款政策。债务人还款能力有限，存在坏账风险，但是只要放贷人有严格的风险控制意识，以及政府的扶持，不至于造成什么严重的后果。然而人类特别是经济人贪婪的本性，使他们为了企业、个人利益的最大化，创新推出了风险巨大的衍生证券CDO，这完全是不负责任的。除了既得利益之外，评级机构失去本身的职责所在，并非客观的评级；保险公司不顾投保人的利益，盲目承保。于是一切向利益看齐的氛围下，就没有人关注风险了（还是看到风险的人都躲在背后偷笑），加之市场的狂热追捧，投资者更加疯狂。泡沫吹的太大了，总会饱和，总会因为一件小事成为导火索从而破灭，从此便开始了一连串的恶性循环。

金融危机，归根结底，是人与人心理的一场博弈。金融业作为一个新兴的行业，还存在许多问题，监管不到位，市场不够完善或者其他种种，但最终行为经济学起着绝大部分的作用。在利益面前，人类贪婪的本性显露无疑，追求更多，羊群效应引导着更多人加入游戏，人越来越多，游戏越来越狂热，以至于玩家们都失去本性，但总有几个保持着理性的银行家巨头，在玩够的时候轻轻那么一点，导致虚无的游戏崩盘，然后在背后冷笑着数钱。下一步便是经济引发的政治博弈。

Inside Job was a documentary film opened on 2008, a critical period of

global crisis exploded from the dilemma of bubble credit in several sectors like real state, stock.The documentary conducted face to face interviews with well known Economist, Politicians, and people evolved in main parts of

financial business.It also disclosed a sequence of objective data to illustrate the essential root of the cause of crises.As the main topic of movie, five parts have been indicated to narrate the truth happening during this economic catastrophe logically.There were.How to got here, The Bubble, The crises,Accountability and Where We are now.The starting points was detected from 1970, the first oil shock and earlier financial disaster up to 2008.The entire picture gives us a clear skeleton of complicated financial structure especially US.Virtually, it implies the domino effect generated by political system, bachelors, and all society in the whole financial system.Therefore, the

documentary is called Inside Job which exposures all inside works in this deep and intricate economic circle.Churchill said that there is no eternal friendship but permanent common interests.a story in movie shows a originally poor officer who works in

securities exchange agency in 1970 incredible became a millionaire just in 10 years.This is a reflection of credit crises in US.After 2000, the profit and size of mortgage, loan plan was the main concern.No one cares about the quality of it.In order to loan as many as possible, the majority of financial agencies lease the investigation of borrower`s affordability due to the serious

competition.Typically, in real estate sector, 0 first payment on mortgage was possible.Hence, almost everyone, they loan and invest in land.Indeed, the price of land and house were abruptly skyrocketed.Eventually, this

consequence became the most serious bubble economy in the history!

Another example was that while a selling group in Goldman Sachs was selling a speculated bond, Timberwolves whose actual grade was down to C level with pleased attitude to costumer, the conversation among group

members underground was “Hi!Dude, the Timberwolves is awful！!” They advertise some junk bond as the “most premium investment” by purchasing large amount of CDS(Credit Default Swap).They bet the loss of investment of those customers who bought these high risk bonds.It was just like a

gambling combined with cheating.In other words, the more their customers lose, the more they can earn from this dirty game.This is the moral default in financial crises among normal selling group and people.They clear notice that it is illegal to sell the high risk speculated bond to people, whereas they do it only for satisfying individual own greedy desire.Actually, at the point, all people in Wall Street was addicted on the similar gambling.One

neuroscientist did a interest experiment on the brain reaction d those who evolved in the CDS gambling when they successfully cheat on investors.The result surprisingly pointed that the part of brain stimulated is as same as people taking cocaine.In front of profit, most people have already fallen in the abyss of moral hazard.One counterpart is Lehman brothers, they against the Goldman Sachs` behaviors and refuse cheating on investors and buying CDS.Consequently, they bankrupted.Even though the above stories are truth,the head of Goldman Sachs denied what they have done on their customers during the crises.The purchasing of CDS is the necessary of company`s

business, he said to the public.It follows that the cause financial crises dose not only happen in the economic system self, but also our own moral level.According to the data mentioned in the film, most credit crises was

caused by the “premium bond” marked with AAA.Who gave this best A

grade to those actual speculated bond? Of course, that is the bond evaluating agency!Higher rank of the bond means more investor can be attracted to the program.As more company evaluated as A level, the investigation fee will be more to the agency.This demonstrate that those evaluating agencies have tremendously important rule in the entire bond trading system.In congress, “Big Three” agencies such as Moody, they defended for their behavior during the financial crises as a ridiculous reason----AAA grade is subjective to our own evaluations.Investor should not rely on our subjective judgment.Besides those inside jobs in the economic system, government sectors

also have trouble in moral problem.Rent Seeking is a main collusion between government servant and companies.From 1998 to 2008, Financial sector devoted more than 5 billion dollars to rent seeking.Therefore, under the

protection of government servant, those companies were able to play unfair gambling game with investors.Citibank, Chuck Prince said: until music stops, we will not stop dancing.The sentence in bracket implies the real meaning of his statement.Hence enhancing the management on both financial and

government sectors is critically significant to prevent the economic crises in the future.Otherwise, crises will possibly happen in every moment despite of inside system of financial itself.