名词性从句用法讲解与专项练习题及答案

第一篇：名词性从句用法讲解与专项练习题及答案

名词性从句用法讲解与专项练习题及答案

名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。高考常从连接词的选择、语序、语气、时态等方面来考查。名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which /whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where /when /why / how / wherever / whenever。

第1讲 引导名词性从句的连接词

考点1.引导名词性从句的连接词有哪些

有学生认为，引导同位语从句只能用that, 这句话对吗？先看下面几个句子。① I have no question that he will come.② I have a question whether he will come ③ I have a question when he will come.我们可以看出：上面三个句子中question后面都是同位语从句，都是说明question的内容的。

在句①中，同位语从句的原句是陈述句，由that引导； 在句②中，原句是一般疑问句，由whether引导；

在句③中，同位语从句的原句是特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词也起着连接作用。其实，所有名词性从句的连接词都有上面的三种情况。宾语从句：

I don’t know that he will come.I don’t know whether/if he will come.I don’t know when he will come.表语从句：

What I don’t know is that he will come.What I don’t know is whether he will come.What I don’t know is when he will come.主语从句

That he will come is obvious.Whether he will come isn’t known yet.When he will come isn’t known yet.1.【2010浙江】It is uncertain ______ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.A.that B.what C.how D.whether 2.【2012全国新课标】It is by no means clear ______ the president can do to end the strike.A.how B.which C.that D.what 3.【2012山东】It doesn’t matter ______ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A.how B.whether C.what D.why 4.【2013陕西】It remains to be seen ______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.A.that B.which C.what D.whether 5.【2009天津】It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.A.as B.which C.whether D.that

6.【2012江西】It suddenly occurred to him ______ he had left his keys in the office.A.whether B.where C.which D.that 考点2.引导词that的省略问题

主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中连词that不能省略。That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem is that we don’t have enough money.She expressed her hope that they would come to China one day.只有宾语从句中的连接词that可省略，但在以下几种情况中that也不能省略：

A.当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略。

He judged that, because he was a child, he did not understand.B.当两个名词性从句并列作宾语时，后面的that不能省。Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.C.当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。

The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.7.______ we need more practice is quite clear.A.When B.What C.That D./ 8.______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A.What B.That C.This D.Which 9.【2010上海】One reason for her preference for city life is ______ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A.that B.how C.what D.why 10.The reason why I didn’t go to Shanghai was ______ a new job.A.because I got B.because of getting

C.I got D.that I got 11.【2011全国I】The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house.A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen 12.Having checked the doors were closed, and ______ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A.why B.that C.when D.where 13.I know nothing about the young lady—______ she is from Beijing.A.except B.except for C.except that D.besides 14.Human beings are different from animals ___ they can use language as a tool to communicate.A.for that B.in that C.in which D.for which(如果不理解本题，可以参看P.151考点5)考点3.whether 与if引导名词性从句时的区别 A.在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中只能用whether,不能用if。Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.The question is whether they have so much money.We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.B.在宾语从句中whether和if可以互换，但： i.作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如： It all depends on whether they will come back.ii.后面直接跟or not 时用whether。如：

I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.C.whether也可与动词不定式连用，但if不能。I have not decided whether to go or not.D.whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用：

The question of whether they are male or female is not important.E.whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而if不能。如： Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.F.discuss后通常用whether。

15.______ you can succeed in the end will mainly depend on ______ you do and ______ you do it.A.If;what;why B.Whether;what;how C.Whether;how;why D.That;whether;how 16.【2009上海】It is not immediately clear ______ the financial crisis will soon be over.A.since B.what C.when D.whether 17.They discussed ______ they could settle the problem without others’ help.A.if B.that C.what D.whether 18.What the doctor is uncertain about is ______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A.when B.how C.whether D.why 19.Mr.Hopkins has not yet answered my question ______ I can go with him to ______ he calls the Underground Treasure House next week.A.that;which B.that;where C.whether;that D.whether;what 20.I have no idea ______ or not he has finished the work.A.if B.that C.whether D.which 考点4.question 与doubt 后跟同位语从句时的连接词问题

doubt，question用于肯定结构时，后面用whether引导名词性从句；用于否定结构或疑问结构时，后面用that引导名词性从句。be sure 用于肯定句或疑问句时，后接that引导的名词性从句；用于否定句时，后接whether/ if引导的名词性从句。21.I have no question ______ he will succeed.A.whether B.that C.when D.how 22.Then I had a question ______ a spore（孢子）could quickly get around and form mould(霉菌).A.why B.that C.that how D.if 23.The question came up at the meeting ______ we had enough money for our research.A.that B.what C.which D.whether 24.I don’t doubt ______ he’ll come.A.that B.if C.what D.whether 25.After three days’ waiting, there was a little doubt in the mother’s mind ______ the police could find her lost child.A.how B.that C.where D.whether 考点5.名词性从句是复合句时，不要忘了带that(双连接词)改错: ① The question was that whether he could get a job at the center.② You have no idea that how busy we were those days.③ It is well known what a person eats causes changes in the body.答案及解析：

①去掉that,。后面whether本身就起着连接作用。

②去掉that。who, how, when, what等本身就有两个作用：作从句的成分；起连接作用。③在what前面加that。what只是把主语从句的两个分句连接起来，但其作为一个整体来作主语从句时还需要用that引导。

26.Father made a promise ______ I passed the exam he would buy me a bike.A.that B.that if C.if D.whether 27.It was true ______ she did delighted every one of us.A.that B.what C.that what D.that which 28.Some language experts think ______ we learn language in the same way ______ we learn other things, and ______ we’re born with is a general ability to learn and adapt.A./;/;that what B.that;which;what C./;that;what that D.that;in which;that 29.She often thinks of ______ she can do more for her motherland.A.what B.how C.that D.that how 30.At that time I had no idea ______ I could hand it to him without being seen.A.if B.how C.which D.that how

I.单句改错

1.【2005重庆】One may not agree to the examination system, but at present it is basically the only measure that the teacher and the rest of the world can depend on to decide if or not each of us meets the requirement.2.If you come or not is up to you.3.I have no idea if he will come tomorrow.4.My suggestion is we go by bus instead of by train.5.Athletes are awarded some money is reasonable.6.Everyone knows the fact Taiwan belongs to China.7.He told me he had got used to the life there and he was making progress.8.That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill.II.语法填空（每空至多填三词）

9.It’s uncertain ______ he will do tomorrow.10.______ is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two countries are making progress.11.______ talks between the two countries are making progress is reported in the newspaper.12.____ is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two countries are making progress.13._____ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.14.There is no doubt ______ my friend was not important to them all.III.写作技能提升

15.【2006上海】一本书是否畅销取决于诸多因素。(Whether...)16.他的成功是因为他为比赛作了充分的准备。（his success, lie in the fact, be well prepared）17.他近来没有尽最大努力，我们都很清楚。（do one’s best, recently, be obvious to）18.我反对这个工程的原因是，它花费太多的钱，而这些钱应当用来提高当地人们的生活水平。（the reason why „is that, to improve the lives of the local people）19.使我们这个学校特别的是，她的大多数毕业生都被名校录取。（make „special, graduate, be admitted to, famous colleges）

20.在我看来，这个公寓很完美，除去窗户稍微有点小外。（personally, perfect, except that）21.从你们发布在网站的广告我知道，你们学校发展很快，你们想要聘用能说一口流利英语的人。(advertisement/ad, post, website, develop, rapidly, employ, fluently)22.【2011湖北】他突然想到，第二天上午他有重要的会议要参加。（occur to, conference）23.【2014上海】将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。(up to)24.毫无疑问，玩电脑游戏过多对他们的健康有害，对他们的学习有负面影响。（there is no doubt, be harmful to, have a negative effect on）

25.我相信有志者事竟成，成功属于做出不断努力的人。

第2讲 同位语从句与定语从句的区别(参看P.137第8讲)

第3讲 what, when, where, how, why等引导的名词性从句

考点1.what引导的名词性从句 that和what的区别：

that引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的“先行词 + 关系代词”即常说的“先行词 + that”。what从句，在功能上相当于一个名词，常译作“„„的事/话/地方/时间/„„”，可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。1.A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.A.that B.where C.what D.which 2.What a different man he is ______ he was four years ago.A.from what B.with what C.from whom D.by whom 3.【2014江苏】—What a mess!You are always so lazy!—I’m not to blame, mum.I am ______ you have made me.A.how B.what C.that D.who 4.The city is no longer ______.A.what it is B.that it used to be C.which it was D.what it used to be 5.Our school is no longer ______ it was 10 years ago, ______ it was not well equipped.A.what;which B.that;which

C.what;when D.that;where 6.After ______ seemed like hours, he came out with a bitter smile.A.which B.it C.what D.that

7.The teacher returned after ______ seemed to be a long time.A.it B.that C.what D.when 8.I was close to being killed the other day.A car passed me at ______ I thought was a dangerous speed.A.as B.which C.what D.that 9.Generally speaking, ______ we have seen seems more believable than ______ we have been told.A.what;that B.what;what C.that;what D.that;that 10.【2011四川】Our teachers always tell us to believe in ______ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A.why B.how C.what D.which 11.I think that this meal was well worth ______ was charged for it.A.that B.what C.which D.how many 12.The shopkeeper didn’t want to sell for ______ he thought was not enough.A.how B.after C.what D.when 13.Output is now six times ______ it was before liberation.A.that B.which C.what D.of which 14.Mr.Smith told me ______ he was doing was important.A.that B.why C.what that D.why what 15.【2013新课标I】Police have found ______ appears to be the lost ancient statue.A.which B.where C.how D.what 考点2.when, where, how, why引导的名词性从句 why，„„的原因；when，„„的时间； how，„„的方法；where，„„的地方

16.—Do you think it a must for me to try to do everything for my children? —No, that’s ______ you’re mistaken;they should do everything on their own.A.where B.when C.what D.that 17.【2010江苏】—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.—That’s ______ I don’t agree.You should have a more active life.A.where B.how C.when D.what 18.Is this ______ we met each other two years ago? A.place B.place in which

C.where D.place which 19.Go and get your coat.It’s ______ you left it.A.there B.where C.there where

D.where there 20.【2010全国2】— Have you finished the book? —No, I’ve read up to ______ the children discover the secret cave.A.which B.what C.that D.where 21.【2011山东】 I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.A.that B.when C.where D.why 22.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that ______ you had a few days off? A.why B.when C.what D.where 23.【2015北京】______we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.A.Where B.How C.Why D.When 24.【2008天津】The last time we had great fun was ______ we were visiting the Water Park.A.where B.how C.when D.why

考点3.when表示“„„时候的事情”

25.I remember ______ this used to be a quiet place.A.when B.how C.that D.if 26.I remember ______ we had our lessons in a shed(小棚子).A.when B.which C.where D.what 考点4.感叹句作名词性从句

27.The travelers drank up ______ little water there was in the bottles.A.how B.which C.what D.that 28.Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she’s now buying a big house.Carol: Yes.Because she’s always saved ______.A.what little she earns B.how little she earns C.for little she earns D.with little she earns 29.Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children’s future.A.that B.how C.such D.so 30.【2011北京】The shocking news made me realize ______ terrible problems we would face.A.what B.how C.that D.why

I.单句改错

1.【2010全国Ⅰ】So if they had said was true, I would have a chance of winning the prize.2.【2005江苏】Leaving him at home all day, we would return at night to hear that he’d picked up from the radio in the day.3.That he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.4.They do these is because they want to earn some money.(两处错误)II.语法填空（每空至多填三词）

5.【2014上海】Perhaps ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind.I just did as she had expected.6.【2014山东】It is difficult for us to imagine______ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.7.Mr.Hopkins has not yet answered my question whether I can go with him to ______ he calls the Underground Treasure House next week.8.【2015上海】______ makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to cope with problems in real life.III.写作技能提升

9.近几年，我们的学校发生了很大的变化，已不再是过去的样子了。（great changes, take place, what it used to be）

10.【2012湖北】事情往往不是它们看上去的那样。(appear)11.她变化很大，看起来与过去不同了。（change, look different from）12.过了数小时的样子，他苏醒过来了。（what seemed like hours, come to oneself）13.如果我们想成功，我们应当相信我们做的事情，相信我们自己。（succeed, believe in what we do, who we are）

14.与我期望的相反，我的英语考试又一次不及格。（contrary to, expect, fail, a second time.）15.我们得不到的似乎总比我们拥有的好。（seem better than）

16.【2008湖北】由于科技的快速发展，我很难想象我的家乡十年后会是什么样子。（with, can’t imagine）

17.你很难想象我在学英语中遇到多么大的困难。（you can’t imagine, have difficulty in doing something）

18.我的家乡与过去有多么大的不同啊！（how different, my hometown, what it used to be）

第4讲 whatever, whoever, whichever与whenever, wherever, however

“连接词 + ever”可分为两类： “连接代词 + ever”： whatever / whichever /

whoever（宾格 whomever）“连接副词 + ever”： wherever / whenever / however 不论是“连接代词 + ever”还是“连接副词 + ever ”，其意义都是“不管 / 无论 + 该连接词的本义”。

考点1.“连接代词 + ever”既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语性从句 A.引导名词性从句时，既作主句成分又作从句成分。

Whoever smokes here will be punished.（whoever引导主语从句，在主句和从句中都作主语）Beggars will eat whatever they are given.（whatever引导宾语从句，在主句和从句中都作宾语）

Whichever he likes will be given to him.（whichever引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语，在主句中作主语）

引导名词性从句不能换为no matter+连接代词。Whatever you say is of no use now.√ No matter what you say is of no use now.× 1.I don’t believe ______ he says now.He is a cheat.A.no matter what B.everything C.whatever D.how 2.______ comes to the party will receive a gift.A.No matter who B.Who C.Which one D.Whoever B.引导让步状语从句时，可换为no matter+连接代词； Whatever happened，he wouldn’t say a word.= No matter what happened, he wouldn’t say a word.3.Do ______ you think is right, ______ difficulties you may have.A.what;however B.that;whatever C.whatever;whoever D.what;whatever 4.She liked the ancient Chinese vase so much that she would like to take it, ______ it cost.A.how much B.what

C.no matter what D.how expensive 5.【2011重庆】To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ______ we are to shake hands with.A.whichever B.whenever C.whoever D.wherever 考点2.“连接副词 +ever ”：只能引导让步状语从句，可以替换为“ no matter + where / when /how ”

Wherever he goes(may go)，I’ll follow him.= No matter where he goes(may go), I’ll follow him.无论他去哪里，我都会跟随他。

Whenever I visited him, he was always busy working.= No matter when I visited him, he was always busy working.无论我什么时候去看他，他总是在忙于工作。

6.【2013山东】_______ I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.A.Whatever B.Whenever C.Whoever D.However 7.No matter ______ hard it may be, I will carry it out.A.what B.whatever C.how D.however 8.If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ______ great it is.A.how B.what C.however D.whatever 9.【2010上海】______ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A.However a serious problem B.What a serious problem C.However serious a problem D.What serious a problem 考点3.“连接代词+ever ”和“连接副词+ever ” 都可用于加强语气 与原疑问词的意思、用法完全相同，只是表达的语气更为强烈，翻译时可加上“到底；究竟”等。如：

Which(ever)do you want to buy ？

你(究竟)要买哪一个？

When(ever)can I enjoy a long vacation？

(究竟)什么时候才能给我放个长假呢？ How(ever)did you collect so much money？

你(到底)是怎样筹到这么多钱的？ 注意：这种强调的特殊疑问句往往是简单句。如： It was a matter of ______ would take the position.A.who

B.whoever C.whom

D.whomever 答案与解析：一些同学可能选B，理解为“这是一个有关到底谁将取得这个职位的问题”。但whoever这类词用于强调时，往往是简单句。所以选A。

考点4.whatever与however引导的让步状语从句可省去连系动词 whatever省略后面的系动词be, however 省略后面的主语和系动词。The old tower must be restored, whatever the cost.(cost后省略了is)In our company, every body is well taken care of, no matter what his position(is).在我们公司，每人都得到很好照顾，不管他地位如何。I refuse, however favorable the conditions.不管条件如何有利，我都不干。(conditions后省去了are)I’d rather have a room of my own, however small(it is), than share a room.无论房间多么小，我宁愿一个人住一间，也不愿意与别人合住一个房间。10.______ reason, you should not have refused his invitation.A.However B.What

C.Whatever D.No matter 11.【2008全国I】The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ______ the season.A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however 12.【2005浙江】The old tower must be saved, ______ the cost.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever 考点5.不管是引导名词性从句还是让步状语从句，从句都用陈述语序（从句一般都用陈述语序。参看P.186考点8）

13.______, his wife will stand at the gate to wait for him to come back.A.However he is late B.However is he late C.However late he is D.However late is he 14.【2007上海春】______ tomorrow, our ship will set sail for Macao.A.However the weather is like B.However is the weather like C.Whatever is the weather like D.Whatever the weather is like 考点6.让步状语从句也遵循“主将从现”规则(参看P.94)注意：这类从句中应用一般现在时表将来，从句中也常用情态动词 may / might。Whichever dictionary you（may）take, you will have to pay at least 20 dollars.Whenever he comes back, he will never escape being punished.考点7.其他考点

A.whatever与whichever 如果句中明确指出选择对象时，用whichever, 否则用whatever 15.【2012辽宁】The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ______ he could find about Mark Twain.A.wherever B.however C.whatever D.whichever 16.【2009湖南】She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do ______ it takes to save her life.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whoever 17.【2012 陕西】As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ______ suits you best.A whatever B.whichever C.whenever D.wherever 18.【2013江西】______ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.A.Whoever B.Whatever C.Whichever D.Wherever B.whoever与whomever 这两个词引导名词性从句时，既可作主句成分，又可作从句成分。用主格（whoever）还是宾格（whomever）关键是要看在从句中作什么成分（在现代英语中，常用 whoever 代替whomever）。如：

This prize will be awarded to whoever runs fastest.(whoever虽然在主句中作宾语，但在从句中作主语，看在从句中作的成分，因此要用whoever, 而不用whomever)19.【2012福建】We promise ______ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A.who B.whom C.whoever D.whomever 20.【2010重庆】To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions _______ had used the products.A.whoever B.who C.whichever D.which 21.【2009全国I】Could I speak to ______ is in charge of International Sales please? A.who B.what C.whoever D.whatever C.however much work 虽然much work是名词短语，但however修饰的是much, 而不是work, 因此用however, 不用whatever。22.【2004湖北】You should try to get a good night’s sleep ______ much work you have to do.A.however B.no matter C.although D.whatever

23.【2006陕西】This is a very interesting book.I’ll buy it, ______.A.how much may it cost B.no matter how it may cost C.however much it may cost D.how may it cost

I.单句改错

1.You can choose whatever book you like among these.2.You can ask whomever is good at it to help you.3.No matter who gets a gold medal will get a bonus.II.语法填空（每空至多填三词）

4.【2008浙江】______ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.5.We shall defend our city, ______ the cost.III.写作技能提升

6.我们必须尽一切努力来保护我们的环境。（whatever）7.无论什么原因，你都不应当顶撞你的父母亲。（contradict your parents）8.无论谁想成功，都必须尽最大努力。（whoever, succeed, do one’s best）9.如果我们有坚强的意志，我们就能战胜任何困难，不管它多么大。（work with a strong will, overcome any difficulty）

10.无论我回来多么晚，母亲总是在那里等我。（however late, always）11.【2014湖北】任何人提供有用信息帮助抓住劫匪，警方将予以奖励。12.【2011上海】如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高。(whatever)13.【2007上海】无论风多大、雨多急，警察一直坚守在岗位上。（no matter„）

第5讲 间直引语（宾语从句）

直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“

”标出，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号这叫做间接引语。实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句。考点1.时态变化问题

A.主句是一般现在时和一般将来时，从句仍用原时态。He says, “I like English best.”

→He says that he likes English best.I will tell him, “I have got rid of the book.” →I will tell him that I have got rid of the book.B.主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态。改错：

① He said he enjoys reading English novels.② He said the girl is doing some washing.③ He told me that he has never been there before.④ He told me that he will never forgive me.答案与解析：

① enjoys → enjoyed

② is → was ③ has → had

④ will → would 一般的规律是：

一般现在时 →

一般过去时

现在进行时 →

过去进行时

现在完成时 →

过去完成时

一般将来时 →

过去将来时

一般过去时 →

过去完成时

过去完成时 →

不变

过去进行时 →

不变

C.当直接引语是客观真理或谚语时时态不需变化。Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.He said that practice makes perfect.D.直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时时态也不需变。He told us that he went to college in 1994.He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school.1.He said that he ______ for Shanghai the next day.A.will leave B.has left C.would leave D.had left

2.I never dreamed I ______ here discussing state affairs with the other deputies.A.will be sitting B.would be sitting

C.will have been sitting D.would have been sitting 3.【2012山东】The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers ______.A.will leave B.are leaving

C.have left D.were leaving 4.Darwin proved that natural selection ______ the chief factor in the development of species.A.has been B.had been C.is D.was

考点2.宾语从句中的连词问题（参看P.141）考点3.祈使句的间接引语 用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。如：ask sb.to do sth.He said, “Be seated, please.”

→ He asked us to be seated.考点4.宾语从句要用陈述语序

在名词性从句中一律用陈述句的语序。

（从句都是用陈述语序。参看P.186考点8）

注意：What’s the trouble? 和 What’s the matter?本身就是陈述语序。

5.Henry killed the dog.I’ll ask him why ______.A.did he do that B.he did that

C.he did D.he has done so 6.He asked me ______ with me.A.what is the trouble B.what wrong was C.what was the matter D.what trouble it is 7.Excuse me, would you please tell me ______? A.when the sports meet is taken place B.when is the sports meet going to be held C.when is the sports meet to begin

D.when the sports meet is to take place 8.Do you know ______? A.how many populations there are in the world B.how much population there is in the world C.how many the population of the world is D.what the population of the world is 9.—______?

—I think he is Charles.A.Who do you think he is

B.Do you think who he is C.Whom do you think he is D.Do you think who is he 10.【2010上海】When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know ______.A.he is entering which lane B.which lane he is entering C.is he entering which lane D.which lane is he entering 考点5.几个时间状语的变化 now →then

today → that day

yesterday → the day before

last week → the week before

tomorrow → the next(following)day

next year → the next year two days ago→ two days before

注意：

next和ago都是以现在为起点，the next和before是以过去为起点。因此，如果主句是一般过去时，后面的宾语从句一般要用the next和before。He said, “I will return next week.”

→ He said he would return the next week.He said, “I returned your book three days ago.”

→ He said he had returned my book three days before.I.单句改错

1.【2014新课标Ⅰ】Nearly five years before, and with the help of our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden.2.My father said Mother had gone to Beijing a week ago.3.【2004全国Ⅳ】I' m very glad to hear you are coming to visit me the next Friday.4.He asked me that where I lived.5.Our teacher said he has never seen such a good student.6.They said they are strongly against the idea.7.【2009浙江】I stood there and couldn’t believe that a complete stranger is so thoughtful.II.语法填空（每空至多填三词）

把下列直接引语变为间接引语（每空1词）8.“Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______.9.She said to us,“ I’ll come here tomorrow.”

She told us that she ______ go there _____ ______ _____.10.“We are going to study in Australia next month.” they said.They said they ______ going to study in Australia ______ ______ month.11..“I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______.12.“I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he ______ bought the house 10 years ______.13.They said, “We planted the tree last year.”

They said that they had planted the tree the year ______.14.“I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me.He told me that he ______ ______ my wallet.15.“You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I ______ to go there before five.16.My father said, “Practice makes perfect.” My father said that practice ______ perfect.17.He said to me, “I was born in 1978.He told me that he ______ born in 1978.III.写作技能提升

18.但是，其余的持相反观点。他们说短期的训练在增强他们的体质、锻炼他们的意志上效果不好。（hold, say, training, work well, build up, strengthen one’s will）19.他们争论到，做太多的作业对学生的身心健康有害。（argue, be harmful to）20.我想知道我什么时候报名，费用多少。（sign up）

21.答案

第一章 名词性从句

第1讲 引导名词性从句的连接词

1.B 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.D 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.B 16.D 17.D 18.C 19.D 20.C 21.B 22.A 23.D 24.A 25.D 26.B 27.C 28.A 29.B 30.B

26.if改为whether；后面紧跟or not时，只能用whether。27.if改为whether；主语从句只能用whether。28.if改为whether；同位语从句只能用whether。29.在we前加that；引导表语从句的that不能省略。

30.在句首加that, Athletes变小写；引导主语从句的that不能省略。31.在Taiwan前加that；引导同位语从句的that不能省略。

32.and后加that；并列的第二个宾语从句前的连接词that不能省略。33.去掉That, why改为大写；why本身就起连接作用。

34.what；do是及物动词要跟宾语,what本身也起连接作用。35.It；后面that从句是形式主语。

36.That；主语从句有that引导，且不能省略。37.What；报纸上被报道的事情是。

38.As；as是关系代词，起连接作用，作主语，意为“正如”。39.that；在否定句中，要用that。

40.Whether a book sells well depends on many/various factors.41.His success lies in the fact that he was well prepared for the exam.42.That he hasn’t been doing his best recently is obvious to us all.43.The reason why I am against the project is that it will cost too much money, which should be used to improve the lives of local people.44.What makes our school special is that most of its graduates are admitted to famous colleges.45.Personally, the apartment is perfect except that its windows are a bit too small.46.From the ad you post on the website, I know that your school is developing rapidly and that you want to employ someone who can speak English fluently.47.It occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.48.It's up to you what kind of life you will lead in the future.49.There is no doubt that playing computer games too much is harmful to their health and has a negative effect on their studies.50.I believe that where there is a will there is a way, and that success belongs to those who make constant efforts.第3讲 what, where, when, how, why等引导的名词性从句

1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.C 14.D 15.D 16.A 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.D 21.D 22.A 23.B 24.C 25.A 26.A 27.C 28.A 29.B 30.A

1.they前加what；强调说的内容。

2.that改为what；what he’d picked up他学到的东西。3.That改为What；what he referred to他提到的事情。

4.句首加Why，They改小写，because改为that。表语从句用that引导。5.what；我母亲告诉我的话。

6.what；what was life like生活是什么样子。

7.what；他称作the Underground Treasure House的地方。8.What；使这个游戏的独特之处。

9.In the past few years, great changes have taken place in our school and it is no longer what it used to be.10.Things aren’t always what they appear(to be).11.She had changed a lot and looked different from what she used to be.12.After what seemed like hours, he came to himself.13.We should believe in what we do and who we are if we are to succeed.14.Contrary to what I had expected, I failed my English for a second time.15.What we can’t get seems better than what we have.16.With the rapid development of science and technology, I can't imagine what my hometown will be like in ten years.17.You can’t imagine what difficulty I have in learning English.18.How different our hometown is from what it used to be!

第4讲 whatever, whoever, whichever与whenever, wherever, however

1.C 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.C 16.C 17.B 18.C 19.C 20.A 21.C 22.A 23.C

1.whatever改为whichever；有明确的选择对象。

2.whomever改为whoever；用主格还是宾格看在从句中作什么成分。

3.No matter who改为Whoever；whoever引导名词性从句时不能换为no matter who。4.Whoever；既作主句成分又作从句成分。5.whatever；固定用法。

6.We must do whatever it takes to protect our environment.(We must protect our environment, whatever the cost.)7.Whatever the reason, you shouldn’t have contradicted your parents.8.Whoever wants to succeed must do his/their best.9.If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, however great it is.10.However late I came back, Mother was always there waiting for me.11.The police will reward whoever provides useful information to catch the robber.12.If you can find whatever learning method(that)suits you, your study/earning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably.13.No matter how hard the rain falls and the wind blows, the police keep to their posts.第5讲 间直引语

1.C 2.B 3.6.C 7.D 8.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.D D 4.9.C A 5.B 10.B before改为ago；以现在为起点用ago。ago改为before；以过去为起点用before。去掉next前的the；以现在为起点用next。

that去掉；where本身都起连接作用，不比用that。has改为had；主句是过去，宾语从句用相应过去时态。

said改为say, 或者把are改为were；主句是过去时，宾语从句用相应过去时态。is改为was。主句是过去时，宾语从句用相应过去时态。whether/ if, I, lived。would, the next day。were, the next。told, had, before。had, before。34.before。35.had found。

36.had；主句是过去时时，must要变为had to。37.makes；表示客观真理不用变化。

38.was；有具体表过去的时间状语，不必有过去完成时。

39.Others, however, hold the opposite view.They say that a short period of training cannot work well in building up their bodies or strengthen their will.40.They argue that doing too much homework is harmful to students’ health mentally and physically.41.I’d like to know when I shall sign up and how much the fee is.

第二篇：名词性从句讲解

名词性从句讲解

在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下5个方面 1.考查名词性从句的语序问题

2.考查引导词that与what的区别

3.考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法

4.考查whether与if的区别

5.考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题 语法要点剖析

一、名词性从句

主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：

连接词：that, whether, if（不充当从句的任何成分）

连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词：when, where, how, why 1.主语从句

作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。

有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句

（2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句

（4）It + 不及物动词 + that从句 It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that„

It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that „ It is said(reported, believed, known, etc.)that„ It does not matter(seems,appears etc)„ 2.宾语从句

名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句

由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可略，且并列句之间由and连接。He has told me(that)he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。He found(that)he lost himself in the forest and that he had no way to dicide the right directions.他发现自己在树林里迷路了，而他又无法确定正确的方向。

注意：在demand、order、suggest、insist, desire,等表示要求、命令、建议、等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。

I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。2.用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。

She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。

She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句实为一般疑问句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：

a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；

c.引导从句作介词宾语时；

d.从句后有“or not”时；

Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。

4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用 不同时态。

I know(that)he will study English next year.（从句用一般将来时）

当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。

The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America． Our teacher told us that the earth runs around the sun

5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。We don’t think you are here.我们认为你不在这。I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不会这样做。3.表语从句

在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。

The fact is that we have lost the game.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。

需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning 4.同位语从句

同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如： The news that we won the game is exciting.我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。I have no idea when he will come back home.我不知道他什么时候回来。同位语从句和定语从句的区别：

that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。

试比较下面两个例句:

I had no idea that you were here．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）

Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life ？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）

第三篇：名词性从句讲解

名词性从句与高考试题

名词性从句的界定与分类：

名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句中的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。从属连词that, if, whether;

连接代词who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever, what, whatever, whose;连接副词where, when, why, how。

其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分，而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分.名词性从句均不能用逗号和主句分开。

一、主语从句：

定义：一个从句在复合句中作主句的主语，这个从句就叫主语从句。

二、主语从句的表现形式： １.由从属连词引导的主语从句：

a.Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is something we must discuss.b.That light travels in straight line is known to all.２.由连接代词引导的主语从句： a.What we need is more time.b.Whichever book you choose doesn’t matter to me.c.Whoever comes will be welcome.３.由连接副词引导的主语从句：

a.When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced ． b.Where he has been is still a puzzle.c.How much water is flowing can be measured easily.三、关于形式主语 it

主语从句放在句首往往显得头重脚轻，不太平衡，因此，在大多数情况下都是在主语的位置上用一个形式主语 it，而把主语从句移到句未去。

关于形式主语 it: 以 it 作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用句型有：（1）It + be + 形容词 + that/wh-从句

It is quite clear that Tom was fond of music.（2）It + be + 名词 + that/wh-从句

It is a pity that she has made such a foolish mistake.可应用于此句型的名词还有fact / shame / honor / question等。（3）It + be + 过去分词 + that/wh-从句

It’s not yet decided that when the test will be given.（4）It seems, happens 等不及物动词 + that/wh-从句 It happened that I didn’t take any money with me.但以下情况往往必须用it作形式主语，主语从句一般不能放在句首。a.It doesn’t matter whether he likes or not.b.It’s said that the highway will be open to traffic next year.c.Is it likely that it will snow in the afternoon? 练习：

1． ____ you don't like him is none of my business．（92上海）A．What B．Who C．That D．Whether A．What B．That C．This D．Which

2． ____ she couldn't understand was _____fewer and fewer students showed interests in her lessons．（2000上海）

A．What；why B．That；what C．What；because D．Why；that

3． ____has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising．（99上海）A．Who B．The one C．Anyone D．Whoever

4． ____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have．（NMET96）A．What；what B．What；that C．That；that D．That；what

5． ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather．（NMET96）A．If B．Whether C．That D．Where

6． ____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present．（MET93）A．What B．That C．The fact D．The matter 二, 表语从句：

定义：一个从句在复合句中作主句的表语，这个从句就叫作表语从句。可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。

1.The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking.2.The question remains whether we can win the people.3.That’s just what I want.4.This is where our problem lies.5.The difficulty is how I can help smokers kick their habit.值提注意的是：

1.表语从句的表现形式除了用从属连词，连接代词和连接副词引导以外，还可以由as, as if ,as though引导.Things were not as they seemed.It looks as if it is going to rain.2、另外还要注意以下常用的两种结构：

The reason why…is that …(而不用 because。)It(this, that)is because…

The reason why he was dismissed is that he didn’t work hard.It is because the tobacco companies want to remain in business.练习：

1.What the doctors really doubt is____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．

A．when B．how C．whether D．why

2.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week． —Is that ____ you had a few days off？（NMET99）A．why B．when C．what D．where

3.Go and get your coat．It's____ you left it．（MET92）A．there B．where C．there where D．where there

4.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella．____I got wet all through．（98上海）A．It's the reason B．That's why C．There's why D．It's how 三，同位语从句：

定义：在复合句中，用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。

同位语从句一般由 that, whether 等连词引导，常放在 advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, question, reason, truth, word, suggestion.等名词的后面，说明该名词的具体内容。

l.The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world.2.I have no idea when he will be back.3.The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.4.He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：

that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。

试比较下面两个例句:

I had no idea that you were here．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）

Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）

练习：

1.Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities．（2001上海）

A．while B．that C．when D．as

2.______ is no possibility _______.Bob can win the first prize I the match.(上海2001春)A、There;that B、It;what C、There;whether D、It;whether 四，宾语从句

定义：一个从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，这个从句就叫作宾语从句。宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾词，介词的宾语，某些形容词的宾语以及非谓语动词的宾语。1．及物动词后的宾语从句：

She will give whoever needs help a warm support.I wonder why she refused my invitation.2．介词后的宾语从句：

I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.The teacher is satisfied with what she has said.3．某些形容词后的宾语从句：

I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work.We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us.关于形式宾语it

We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.练习：

1.When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule：Always give the monky exactly____ he wants．（2002年春季上海）A．what B．which C．when D．that

2.—I think it's going to be a big problem ． —Yes，it could be．

—I wonder ____ we can do about it．（2002春季北京、安徽、内蒙古）A．if B．how C．what D.that

3.A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001）A．how B．after C．what D．when

4.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster____ he had done the day before． A．that B．how C．where D．what

5.These wild flowers are so special that I would do ____ I can to save them（2000春季北京、安徽）A．whatever B．that C．which D．whichever

6.Eat ____ cake you like and leave the others for ____ comes in late．（2000春季上海）A．any；who B．every；whoever C．whichever；whoever D．either；whoever

7.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants．（NMET97）A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever

8.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____shares her interests．（95上海）A．anyone B．whom ever C．whoever D．no matter who

学习名词性从句时要注意以下几点：

1.在名词性从句中，疑问句要用陈述句的语序。例如：

Someone is ringing the doorbell．Go and see ____．（2000上海）A．who is he B．who he is C．who is it D．who it is Can you make sure ____the gold ring ？（MET90）

A．where Alice had put B．where had Alice put C．where Alice has put D．where has Alice put

You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents．（94上海）A．how they were excited B．how excited they were C．how excited were they D．they were how excited

2.动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句时，其后宾语从句常用 that 作连接词；用在肯定句时，连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用 that。

Do you doubt that he will win ? I don't doubt that your proposition is wrong.He doubt whether I know it.3.否定转移问题。在主句为第一人称主语后跟 think , believe , suppose , expect , guess , imagine 等动词时，宾语从句的否定形式应转移到主句中。We don't expect he will come tonight , will he ? 4.主谓一致问题。

What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world． What I bought were three English books． 5.语气问题

a.在含有 suggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , insist, desire, require, advise 等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，that从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”的结构

I suggest we(should)set off at once.b.在It is ＋过去分词＋that的主语从句中 decided，demanded，desired，insisted，ordered，proposed，suggested，recommended，requested，required等。It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening． c.在表语从句或同位语从句中。

The suggestion that the mayor(should)present the prizes was accepted by everyone．

d.在It is（was）＋形容词＋that从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should ＋）动词原形，表示建议或不满、惊奇等情绪。常用于此类的形容词有 essential，important，natural，necessary，possible，strange，等。It is necessary that a college student ________ at least a foreign language．（上海1993）

A．masters B．should master C．mastered D．will master 6．What引导名词从句的特殊含义:

What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality．

(what为“所……的事”，相当于“the thing that．．．；all that．．．；everything that．．．”)After ________ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed．

A．what B．when C．that D．which

He is not what he was a few years ago． Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？ What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world． Our income is now double what it was ten years ago

第四篇：名词性从句的用法

名词性从句的用法

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一、引导名词性从句的连接词

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连词：that（无任何词意）；whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）；as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）。以上在从句中均不充当任何成分

连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.Whichever, whomever 连接副词：when, where, how, why 不可省略的连词： 1.介词后的连词

2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较：

Whether与if 均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代： 1.Whether引导主语从句并在句首； 2.引导表语从句

3.Whether从句作介词宾语； 4.从句后有“or not”

Whether he will come is not clear.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.二、具体分类 1．主语从句

作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：

What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。Who will win the match is still unknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。

【典例1】(2009·上海卷)It is immediately clear ____ the financial crisis will soon be over.A.since B.what C.when D.whether 【答案】D

【解析】考查主语从句的用法。该句的意思时：经济危机是否会很快结束是很明显的事情。“是 1 否”用whether表示，不能选when是因为从句中由soon这一实践状语。

【典例2】(2008·山东卷)_____ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A.It B.This C.What D.As 【答案】C

【解析】she told me是插入语，可删除。what引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语。有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句（2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句（4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句

另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：

It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that … It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that…

It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that…

【典例】(2009·天津卷)It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.A.as B.which C.whether D.that 【答案】D

【解析】考查名词性从句。本空格处应是一个主语从句的引导词，因该主语从句不缺成分，且句意完整，故应用不作任何成分的连词that。2．宾语从句

名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。（1）由连接词that引导的宾语从句

由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：

He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。We must never think(that)we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。

注意：在demand，order，suggest，decide，insist，desire，request，command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。例如： I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。

The commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.司令员命令部队马上出发。（2）用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如： I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。

She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。

She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支 2 持。

【典例1】(2008·北京卷)The companies are working together to create _______ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.A.which B.that C.what D.who 【答案】C

【解析】create后为宾语从句，从句中they hope是插入语，可删除。因为从句中缺少主语，所以用what引导该从句。

【典例2】(2009· 全国卷Ⅰ)Could I speak tois in charge of International Sales please? A.who B.what C.whoever D.whatever 【答案】C

【解析】 考查名词性从句。题干中介词to后面为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，因此填whoever。（3）用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if： a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c.引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“or not”时；e.后接动词不定式时。例如：

Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。

The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?

Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。I wonder whether he will come or not.我想知道他来还是不来。Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告诉我是去还是留？

（4）注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用 不同时态。例如：

he studies English every day.（从句用一般现在时）he studied English last term.（从句用一般过去时）

I know(that)he will study English next year.（从句用一般将来时）he has studied English since 1998.（从句用现在完成时）

当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如：

The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．

（5）think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如： We don’t think you are here.我们认为你不在这。I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不会这样做。3．表语从句

在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。例如：

The fact is that we have lost the game.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。

That’s just what I want.这正是我想要的。

This is where our problem lies.这就是我们的问题所在。

That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。

需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.【点拨】whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。

【典例1】(2009·山东卷)The little girl who got lost decided to remain ________she was and wait tor her mother.A.where B.what C.how D.who 【答案】A

【解析】remain是系动词，后加表语从句，由句意可知，从句缺地点状语，所以选A。【典例2】(2008·天津卷)The last time we had grat fun was _______ we were visiting the Water Park.A.where B.how C.when D.why 【答案】C

【解析】was后为表语从句，此处when与the last time相呼应，根据句意可排除其他选项。4． 同位语从句

同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，problem，promise，question，request，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。例如：

The news that we won the game is exciting.我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。I have no idea when he will come back home.我不知道他什么时候回来。

The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.他想到可能玛丽生病了。【典例】(2009· 重庆卷)We should consider the students’ request ________ the school library provide more books on popular science.A.that B.when C.which D.where 【答案】A

【解析】考查名词性从句。根据题意知，空格处是同位语从句的引导词，修饰中心名词request，且在句子中不充当成分，故用that。这句话的意思是我们应该考虑学生的这个要求，即学校图书馆应该多提供一些大众科学方面的书籍。

三、对比与用法

1．同位语从句和定语从句的区别：

that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。试比较下面两个例句:

I had no idea that you were here．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）

Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）

2．that-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。

用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： a.It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明显…… b.It + be +-ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that… 人们相信…… It is known to all that… 从所周知…… It has been decided that… 已决定…… c.It + be +名词+ that-从句

It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事实是…… d.It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It appears that… 似乎…… It happens that… 碰巧……

It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。

It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。3．否定转移

（1）将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。I don't think I know you.我想我并不认识你。I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回来。注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。I hope you weren't ill.我想你没有生病吧。

（2）将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。【备考策略】

考生对于名词性从句的复习和应试关键要把握每个引导词的意义，因为在对于名词性从句的考查中，引导词在句子中都起作用，有意义，因此在分析句子结构，对比辨别名词性从句、状语从句、强调句式后，最后还是要选择引导词；另外还要注意以下几点：

1．what 引导词的考查，尤其位于介词后引导的宾语从句以及引导名词性从句时的双重作用。2．Whether和if 的区别，尤其注意他们的不同之处。

3．名词性从句和其它从句的兼容结构测试。4.句子语序和时态。具体说：

1.掌握名词性从句的分类功能

名词性从句根据其在主句的功能作用又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。(1)若从句在句中作主语为主语从句(2)若从句在句中作宾语为宾语从句(3)若从句在句中作表语为表语从句(4)若从句在句中作同位语为同位语从句 2.掌握连词的含义及分类

绝大多数名词性从句的连词都有其实在意义，称为有义连词，如what表“……的内容”，when表“……的时间”，where表“……的地点”，why表“……的原因”，how表“如何；怎样”，who表“谁”，if, whether表“是否”；没有实在意义的连词叫无义连词，无义连词只有that一个。

3.掌握名词性从句的语序 名词性从句用陈述语序。

4.掌握名词性从句和其它从句之间的关系

有些连词除引导名词性从句外还可引导其它从句，应掌握它们之间的关系。

(1)if ,whether表“是否”时引导名词性从句；if表“如果”时引导条件状语从句；whether表“无论是否；不管是否”时引导让步状语从句。

(2)when表“……的时间”，where表“……的地方”时引导名词从句；when表“当……的时候”引导时间状语从句，where表“……的地方”，且修饰行为动词时，引导地点状语从句；when, where从句作定语修饰先行词时引导定语从句。【专题突破】

高考中考查名词性从句时，经常考查连接词的选用。解题时应先判断从句的类型，然后判断从句是否缺少成分以及意义是否完整，最后根据引导名词性从句的连词的特点确定特定的连接词。要求学生在做题中要注意如下几点： 1.分析结构，辨析名词性从句和状语从句； 2.理解句意，正确区别引导词；

3.按照句意，出现那个引导词意思，便选择那个引导词。【专题巩固】

1.A warm thought suddenly came to me _______I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.A.if B.when C.that D.which

2.See the flag on top of the building ? That was _______ we did this morning.A when B.which C.where D.what

3． The government has announced that a modern city will be set up in _______is still a wasteland now.A.what B.which C.that D.where

4．Many people wrote articles on _______Liu Xiang had failed to compete in the event.6 A.why B.what C.who D.that

5．The couple are spending their holiday on _______is described as one of the most beautiful islands.A.that B.what C.which D.where 6．The book is meant to _______needs it.A.who B.whoever C.whomever D.whom

7.In his speech, Premier Wen Jiabao points out that creativity is_______it takes to keep a nation highly competitive.A.how B.what C.which D.that

8．The experience of the Chinese nation attests to a truth_______ a nation loses in times of disaster will be made up for by her progress.A.that what B.what C.that D.what that

9．_______has recently been done to provide more buses for the people ,a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem.A.That B.What C.In spite of what D.Though what

10._______is certain is _______prevention is more important than treatment.A.It;that B.What;that C.As;what D.What;what

11.Nobody would stand out admitting the fact, for some reason, _______they lost the game.A.that B.which C.what D.why

12.—The patient looks much better._______is it that has made him_______he is today? —Perhaps the special medicine and his family’s patient care.A．What;that B．That;that C．What;what D．What;which

13.After three hours’ climbing , they reached _______ they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of.A．what B．which C．where D．that

14.A plan has been put forward _______more graduates should go to work in the country

A.when B.that C.whether D.how

15.It is pretty well understood _______controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A.that B.when C.what D.how

16.(2009· 湖南卷)She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do _______it takes to save her life.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whoever

17.(2009·陕西卷)The how-to book can be of help to _______wants to do the job.A.who B.whomever C.no matter who D.whoever

18.(2009· 安徽卷)A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.A.how B.whom C.when D.which

19.(2009·江苏卷)Many young people in the West are expected to leave_______could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.A.as B.that C.which D.what

20.(2009·浙江卷)—Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport? —No problem.A.when B.that C.whether D.what 【参考答案及解析】

1.C 句意：我脑海中突然出现一个温情的念头，用我的零花钱给妈妈买些鲜花作为她的生日礼物。本题考察名词性从句用法。I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.做A warm thought 的同位语从句。中间被suddenly came to me隔开，增加了试题难度。此外，部分考生由于对同位语从句和定语从句不分，故错选D为答案。2.D 表语从句中缺did的宾语。

3.A “_______is still a wasteland now.”做介词in的宾语从句，从句中缺主语句意为：政府已经宣布一座现代化的城市将在这片现在仍是废墟的地方建成。

4.A“_______Liu Xiang had failed to compete in the event.”做介词on的宾语，宾语从句中不缺主干，故排除B和C。另外that不引导介词的宾语从句（固定搭配除外），所以排除D。5.B “_______is described as one of the most beautiful islands.”宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，6.B whoever在宾语从句中做主语，部分学生，因为只看到介词to，误认为要添whomever做介词的宾语。

7.B “_______it takes to keep a nation highly competitive.”做表语从句，从句中缺少takes的宾语，构成 it takes sth to do sth 结构。

8.A本题句子结构比较复杂，“_______ a nation loses in times of disaster will be made up for by her progress”做a truth的同位语从句，同位语从句中_______ a nation loses in times of disaster为主语从句。本句共有两个从句，故有两个引导词。句意为“中华民族的经验证明了一个真理，即，一个民族在灾难中失去的，必将从民族的进步中得到补偿。

9.C “_______has recently been done to provide more buses for the people”在句中做让步状语,而D.Though what错误, 因为, 一个单一的从句不能用两个连词引导.句意: 尽管在为人们提供更多公交车这件事上, 投入了很多, 但是公交工具的缺乏, 仍然是个问题.10.B “_______is certain”在句中做主语,主语从句缺少一个主语,需要用What;“_______prevention is more important than treatment.”系表语从句,句意与结构完整,只有that,可以这样用。

11.A“_______ they lost the game.”在句子中做the fact 的同位语从句,从句意思结构完整,结构完整。

12.C先将句子结构理清楚，it is _______that has made him _______he is today 就可以判断，第一个空是考察强调句型的特殊疑问形式；第二个空则是表语从句，表语从句中缺少he is的表语。句意：病人好多了，是什么使得他成为现在这个样子。

13.A考生误以为是地点状语从句，误选C．where。而reached是及物动词，后边接的是宾语从句，宾语从句除去插入语they thought，应该缺主语。

14.B 考察同位语从句，表达A plan的具体内容，has been put forward将名词与从句隔开，8 加大了难度。

15.C 主要测试主语从句。分析句子结构可知：句子属于形式主语格式；另外主句中缺少主语。双重作用的引导词只能是what。例如：It is still doubtful what he said at the meeting yesterday。昨天他在会上说的话仍然值得怀疑。

16.C 名词性从句的引导词。句意为：她对我们来说是非常宝贵，我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。

17.D 此处从句作介词to的宾语，是名词性从句，引导词作从句的主语，指人，意思是：无论是谁，选D。

18.C 考查名词性从句，介词from后除了接代词或名词作宾语外，还可接介词短语或副词短语作宾语；由后面“I was born”可以推测from后面可以指时间，也可以指地点，再由所给的选项可得出答案。

19.D 考查名词性从句。宾语从句中缺少主语，因此选what。

20.B考查同位语从句。此处是由what引导的同位语从句，表示“你有没有可能来机场接我？”。所以选B项。

第五篇：名词性从句分类及练习题

高中考点语法系统：名词性从句

名词性从句是由if, whether, that 和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，其功同名词一样。

一．主语从句

主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

1.It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：

It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.It is in the morning that the murder took place.It is John that broke the window.2.用it 作形式主语的结构(1)It is ＋名词＋从句

It is a fact that „ 事实是„ It is an honor that „非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that „是常识(2)it is ＋形容词＋从句

It is natural that„ 很自然„ It is strange that„ 奇怪的是„(3)it is ＋不及物动词＋从句

It seems that„ 似乎„ It happened that„ 碰巧„(4)it ＋过去分词＋从句

It is reported that„ 据报道„ It has been proved that„ 已证实„ 3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况

(1)if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。

(2)It is said ,(reported)„结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.(right)That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.(wrong)(3)It happens„, It occurs„ 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(right)That he failed in the examination occurred to him.(wrong)(4)It doesn’t matter how/whether „结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.(right)Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.(wrong)(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?(right)Is that will rain in the evening likely?(wrong)4.What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别

What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：

1)What you said yesterday is right.2)That she is still alive is a consolation.二．宾语从句

宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。

1.作动词的宾语

(1)由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,例如： I heard that be joined the army.(2)由what, whether(if)引导的宾语从句，例如： 1)She did not know what had happened.2)I wonder whether you can change this note for me.(3)动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：

She told me that she would accept my invitation.2.作介词的宾语

例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.3.作形容词的宾语

例如：I am afraid(that)I’ve made a mistake.That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：

Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。

4.It 可以作为形式宾语 It 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如：

We heard it that she would get married next month..5.后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词

这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。例如：

I admire their winning the match.(right)I admire that they won the match.(wrong)6.不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词

有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中，常见的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如： He impressed the manager as an honest man.(right)He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.(wrong)7.否定的转移

若主句谓语动词为Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：

I don’t think this dress fits you well.（我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。）

三．表语从句

表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that„ 和It is because 等结构。例如：

1)The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.2)This is why we can’t get the support of the people 3)But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.4)The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.四．同位语从句

同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.宾语从句表语从句精练： Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.A.has never gone B.had never gone C.has never been D.had never been 2 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.A.travelled B.has travelled C.travells D.had travelled 3I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.A.what B.if C.when D.where 4 I hardly understand.___ he has told me.A.that B.what C.which D.who 5.She didn't know___ back soon.A.whether he would be B.if would he be C.he will be D.if he will come 6.I want to know how long

A.has he been back

B．has he come back C.he has been back

D．he has come back 7..He said _________ there was going to be a meeting that evening.A.what

B.if

C.that

D.how 8.What the doctors really doubt is _____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A.when

B.how

C.whether

D.why 9.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ______ he had done the day before.A.that

B.how

C.where

D.what 10．The reporter said that the UFO ________east to west when be saw it.A．was travelling B．travelled C．had been traveling D．was to travel.11 It was _______ he said _________ disappointed me.A.what „ that B.that „ that C.what „ what D.that „ what 12._____ we can't get seems better than

we have.A.What;what

B.What;that C.That;that

D.That;what 13.—Do you remember ______ he came?

—Yes, I do, he came by car.A.how

B.when C.that

D.if

14._______she couldn’t understand was ______fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What …why

B.That …what

C.What …because

D.Why…that 15.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _______-.A.who is he

B.who he is

C.who is it

D.who it is 16.These wild flowers are so special I would do ________ I can to save

them.A.whatever

B.that C.which

D.whichever 17 I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full.A it

B this

C that

D them 18 A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do.A what

B that

C how

D which 19 The reason lies in ____ she works harder than the others do.A that

B how

C it

D what 20This is all ____our teacher explained to us in class.A.what

B.that C.which

D.of

21.After graduation she asked to be sent to ___.A.where she was mostly needed C.where was she needed

B.where she was most needed

D.where she needed

22.I don’t know if she ____tomorrow;if he ____, I’ll let you know.A.comes, will come

B.will come, will come

C.will come, comes

D.comes, comes 23.The old gentleman never fails to help ____is in need of his help.A.who

B.whoever

C.whomever

D.whom 24.Give it to ____you think can do the job well.A.whoever

B.whomever

C.who

D.whom 25.The problem ____overworking all day long will harm his health.A.is

B.is that

C.is which

D.that

26.The whole family were worried about Rose because no one was aware ____she had gone.A.where that B.of where C.the place where

D.the place

答案：1-5 DCBBA 6-10 CCCDA 11-15 AAAAD16-20 AAAAB 21-25 BCBAB 26 B