十八大报告要点中英对照

第一篇：十八大报告要点中英对照

十八大报告要点中英对照

科学发展观

Scientific Outlook on Development

总结十年奋斗历程，最重要的就是我们形成和贯彻了科学发展观。

The most important achievement in our endeavors in the past ten years is that we have formed the Scientific Outlook on Development and put it into practice.科学发展观对新形势下实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大问题作出了新的科学回答。The Scientific Outlook on Development provides new scientific answers to the major questions of what kind of development China should achieve in a new environment and how the country should achieve it.科学发展观同马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想一道，是党必须长期坚持的指导思想。

Together with Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development is the theoretical guidance the Party must adhere to for a long time.中国特色社会主义

socialism with Chinese characteristics

坚定不移走中国特色社会主义道路

We must unswervingly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.总布局是五位一体，总任务是实现社会主义现代化和中华民族伟大复兴。

Our overall approach is to promote economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress, and our general task is to achieve socialist modernization and the great renewal of the Chinese nation.我们要准确判断重要战略机遇期内涵和条件的变化，全面把握机遇，沉着应对挑战，赢得主动，赢得优势，赢得未来，确保到二0二0年实现全面建成小康社会宏伟目标。

We need to have a correct understanding of the changing nature and conditions of this period, seize all opportunities, respond with cool-headedness to challenges, and gain initiative and advantages to win the future and attain the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020.综观国际国内大势，我国发展仍处于可以大有作为的重要战略机遇期。

An examination of both the current international and domestic environments shows that China remains in an important period of strategic opportunities for its development, a period in which much can be achieved.在发展平衡性、协调性、可持续性明显增强的基础上，实现国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比二0一0年翻一番。

On the basis of making China's development much more balanced, coordinated and sustainable, we should double its 2010 GDP and per capita income for both urban and rural residents.全面建成小康社会，必须以更大的政治勇气和智慧，不失时机深化重要领域改革，坚决破除一切妨碍科学发展的思想观念和体制机制弊端。

To complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must, with greater political courage and vision, lose no time in deepening reform in key sectors and resolutely discard all notions and systems that hinder efforts to pursue development in a scientific way.以经济建设为中心是兴国之要，发展仍是解决我国所有问题的关键。

Taking economic development as the central task is vital to national renewal, and development still holds the key to addressing all the problems we have in China.经济体制改革的核心问题是处理好政府和市场的关系，必须更加尊重市场规律，更好发挥政府作用。

The underlying issue we face in economic structural reform is how to strike a balance between the role of the government and that of the market, and we should follow more closely the rules of the market and better play the role of the government.要牢牢把握扩大内需这一战略基点，加快建立扩大消费需求长效机制，扩大国内市场规模。We should firmly maintain the strategic focus of boosting domestic demand, speed up the establishment of a long-term mechanism for increasing consumer demand, unleash the potential of individual consumption, increase investment at a proper pace, and expand the domestic market.解决好农业农村农民问题是全党工作重中之重。

We should give high priority to rural areas in developing infrastructure and social programs in the country.政治体制改革

political structure reform

必须继续积极稳妥推进政治体制改革，发展更加广泛、更加充分、更加健全的人民民主。We must continue to make both active and prudent efforts to carry out the reform of the political structure, and make people's democracy more extensive, fuller in scope and sounder in practice.要把制度建设摆在突出位置，充分发挥我国社会主义政治制度优越性，积极借鉴人类政治文明有益成果，绝不照搬西方政治制度模式。

We should place high importance on systemic building, give full play to the strength of the socialist political system and draw on the political achievements of other societies.However, we will never copy a Western political system.在学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居上持续取得新进展，努力让人民过上更好生活。

We should keep making progress in ensuring that all the people enjoy their rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care, and housing so that they will lead a better life.把生态文明建设放在突出地位，融入经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设各方面和全过程，努力建设美丽中国，实现中华民族永续发展。

We must give high priority to making ecological progress and incorporate it into all aspects and the whole process of advancing economic, political, cultural, and social progress, work hard to build a beautiful country, and achieve lasting and sustainable development of the Chinese nation.建设与我国国际地位相称、与国家安全和发展利益相适应的巩固国防和强大军队，是我国现代化建设的战略任务。

Building strong national defense and powerful armed forces that are commensurate with China's international standing and meet the needs of its security and development interests is a strategic task of China's modernization drive.高度关注海洋、太空、网络空间安全，积极运筹和平时期军事力量运用，不断拓展和深化军事斗争准备，提高以打赢信息化条件下局部战争能力为核心的完成多样化军事任务能力。We should attach great importance to maritime, space and cyberspace security.We should make active planning for the use of military forces in peacetime, expand and intensify military preparedness, and enhance the capability to accomplish a wide range of military tasks, the most important of which is to win local war in an information age.对台湾任何政党，只要不主张“台独”、认同一个中国，我们都愿意同他们交往、对话、合作。We are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue and cooperation with any political party in Taiwan as long as it does not seek Taiwan independence and recognizes the one-China principle.希望双方共同努力，探讨国家尚未统一特殊情况下的两岸政治关系，作出合情合理安排。We hope that the two sides will jointly explore cross-Straits political relations and make reasonable arrangements for them under the special condition that the country is yet to be reunified.商谈建立两岸军事安全互信机制，稳定台海局势；协商达成两岸和平协议，开创两岸关系和平发展新前景。

We hope the two sides will discuss the establishment of a cross-Straits military security confidence-building mechanism to maintain stability in their relations and reach a peace agreement through consultation so as to open a new horizon in advancing the peaceful growth of these relations.中国将始终不渝走和平发展道路，坚定奉行独立自主的和平外交政策。

China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development and firmly pursue an independent foreign policy of peace.我们坚决维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，决不会屈服于任何外来压力。

We are firm in our resolve to uphold China's sovereignty, security and development interests and will never yield to any outside pressure.我们根据事情本身的是非曲直决定自己的立场和政策，秉持公道，伸张正义。

We will decide our position and policy on an issue on its own merits and work to uphold fairness and justice.中国主张和平解决国际争端和热点问题，反对动辄诉诸武力或以武力相威胁，反对颠覆别国合法政权，反对一切形式的恐怖主义。

China is committed to peaceful settlement of international disputes and hotspot issues, opposes the wanton use of force or threat to use it, opposes any foreign attempt to subvert the legitimate government of any other countries, and opposes terrorism in all its manifestations.中国反对各种形式的霸权主义和强权政治，永远不称霸，永远不搞扩张。

China opposes hegemonism and power politics in all their forms and will never seek hegemony or engage in expansion.反对腐败、建设廉洁政治，是党一贯坚持的鲜明政治立场，是人民关注的重大政治问题。这个问题解决不好，就会对党造成致命伤害，甚至亡党亡国。

Combating corruption and promoting political integrity, which is a major political issue of great concern to the people, is a clear-cut and long-term political commitment of the Party.If we fail to handle this issue well, it could prove fatal to the Party, and even cause the collapse of the Party and the fall of the state.各级党组织和广大党员、干部特别是主要领导干部一定要自觉遵守党章，自觉按照党的组织原则和党内政治生活准则办事，任何人都不能凌驾于组织之上。要坚决维护中央权威，在思想上政治上行动上同党中央保持高度一致，坚决贯彻党的理论和路线方针政策。加强监督检查，严肃党的纪律特别是政治纪律，形成全党上下步调一致、奋发进取的强大力量。

Leading officials at all levels, especially high-ranking officials, must readily observe the code of conduct on clean governance and report all important matters.They should both exercise strict self-discipline and strengthen education and supervision over their families and their staff;and they should never seek any privilege.

第二篇：十八大报告要点中英对照

Hu Jintao, general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and Chinese president, delivers a keynote report during the opening ceremony of the 18th CPC National Congress at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Nov.8, 2012.The 18th CPC National Congress was opened in Beijing on Thursday.(Xinhua/Huang Jingwen)

BEIJING, Nov.8(Xinhua)--Chinese leader Hu Jintao delivered a report on Thursday at the opening of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC).The following are key quotes from his report:

On Scientific Outlook on Development

科学发展观

--The most important achievement in our endeavors in the past ten years is that we have formed the Scientific Outlook on Development and put it into practice.总结十年奋斗历程，最重要的就是我们坚持以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想为指导，于推进实践基础上的理论创新，围绕坚持和发展中国特色社会主义提出一系列紧密相连、相互贯通的新思想、新观点、新论断，形成和贯彻了科学发展观。

--This theory provides new scientific answers to the major questions of what kind of development China should achieve in a new environment and how the country should achieve it.科学发展观对新形势下实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大问题作出了新的科学回答，把我们对中国特色社会主义规律的认识提高到新的水平，开辟了当代中国马克思主义发展新境界。

--Together with Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development is the theoretical guidance the Party must adhere to for a long time.科学发展观同马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想一道，是党必须长期坚持的指导思想。

On socialism with Chinese characteristics 中国特色社会主义

--We must unswervingly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.胡锦涛同志在十八大报告中强调，坚定不移走中国特色社会主义道路，夺取中国特色社会主义新胜利。

--Our overall approach is to promote economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress, and our general task is to achieve socialist modernization and the great renewal of the Chinese nation.建设中国特色社会主义，总依据是社会主义初级阶段，总布局是五位一体，总任务是实现社会主义现代化和中华民族伟大复兴。

On building moderately prosperous society 全面建成小康社会

--We need to have a correct understanding of the changing nature and conditions of this period, seize all opportunities, respond with cool-headedness to challenges, and gain initiative and advantages to win the future and attain the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020.我们要准确判断重要战略机遇期内涵和条件的变化，全面把握机遇，沉着应对挑战，赢得主动，赢得优势，赢得未来，确保到二0二0年实现全面建成小康社会宏伟目标。

--An examination of both the current international and domestic environments shows that China remains in an important period of strategic opportunities for its development, a period in which much can be achieved.综观国际国内大势，我国发展仍处于可以大有作为的重要战略机遇期。

--On the basis of making China's development much more balanced, coordinated and sustainable, we should double its 2010 GDP and per capita income for both urban and rural residents.经济持续健康发展。转变经济发展方式取得重大进展，在发展平衡性、协调性、可持续性明显增强的基础上，实现国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比二0一0年翻一番。

--To complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must, with greater political courage and vision, lose no time in deepening reform in key sectors and resolutely discard all notions and systems that hinder efforts to pursue development in a scientific way.胡锦涛指出，全面建成小康社会，必须以更大的政治勇气和智慧，不失时机深化重要领域改革，坚决破除一切妨碍科学发展的思想观念和体制机制弊端，构建系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系，使各方面制度更加成熟更加定型。On economy

加快转变经济发展方式

--Taking economic development as the central task is vital to national renewal, and development still holds the key to addressing all the problems we have in China.以经济建设为中心是兴国之要，发展仍是解决我国所有问题的关键。

--The underlying issue we face in economic structural reform is how to strike a balance between the role of the government and that of the market, and we should follow more closely the rules of the market and better play the role of the government.经济体制改革的核心问题是处理好政府和市场的关系，必须更加尊重市场规律，更好发挥政府作用。

--We should firmly maintain the strategic focus of boosting domestic demand, speed up the establishment of a long-term mechanism for increasing consumer demand, unleash the potential of individual consumption, increase investment at a proper pace, and expand the domestic market.要牢牢把握扩大内需这一战略基点，加快建立扩大消费需求长效机制，扩大国内市场规模。

--We should give high priority to rural areas in developing infrastructure and social programs in the country.推动城乡发展一体化。解决好农业农村农民问题是全党工作重中之重，城乡发展一体化是解决“三农”问题的根本途径。要加大统筹城乡发展力度，促进城乡共同繁荣。

On political structure reform

推进政治体制改革

--We must continue to make both active and prudent efforts to carry out the reform of the political structure, and make people's democracy more extensive, fuller in scope and sounder in practice.必须继续积极稳妥推进政治体制改革，发展更加广泛、更加充分、更加健全的人民民主。

--We should place high importance on systemic building, give full play to the strength of the socialist political system and draw on the political achievements of other societies.However, we will never copy a Western political system.要把制度建设摆在突出位置，充分发挥我国社会主义政治制度优越性，积极借鉴人类政治文明有益成果，绝不照搬西方政治制度模式。On improving people's wellbeing

加强社会建设

--We should keep making progress in ensuring that all the people enjoy their rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care, and housing so that they will lead a better life.解决好人民最关心最直接最现实的利益问题，在学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居上持续取得新进展，努力让人民过上更好生活。On ecological progress

大力推进生态文明建设

--We must give high priority to making ecological progress and incorporate it into all aspects and the whole process of advancing economic, political, cultural, and social progress, work hard to build a beautiful country, and achieve lasting and sustainable development of the Chinese nation.面对资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统退化的严峻形势，必须树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念，把生态文明建设放在突出地位，融入经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设各方面和全过程，努力建设美丽中国，实现中华民族永续发展。On military modernization

推进国防和军队现代化

--Building strong national defense and powerful armed forces that are commensurate with China's international standing and meet the needs of its security and development interests is a strategic task of China's modernization drive.建设与我国国际地位相称、与国家安全和发展利益相适应的巩固国防和强大军队，是我国现代化建设的战略任务。

--We should attach great importance to maritime, space and cyberspace security.We should make active planning for the use of military forces in peacetime, expand and intensify military preparedness, and enhance the capability to accomplish a wide range of military tasks, the most important of which is to win local war in an information age.与时俱进加强军事战略指导，高度关注海洋、太空、网络空间安全，积极运筹和平时期军事力量运用，不断拓展和深化军事斗争准备，提高以打赢信息化条件下局部战争能力为核心的完成多样化军事任务能力。

On Taiwan

推进祖国统一

--We are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue and cooperation with any political party in Taiwan as long as it does not seek Taiwan independence and recognizes the one-China principle.对台湾任何政党，只要不主张“台独”、认同一个中国，我们都愿意同他们交往、对话、合作。

--We hope that the two sides will jointly explore cross-Straits political relations and make reasonable arrangements for them under the special condition that the country is yet to be reunified.希望双方共同努力，探讨国家尚未统一特殊情况下的两岸政治关系，作出合情合理安排。

--We hope the two sides will discuss the establishment of a cross-Straits military security confidence-building mechanism to maintain stability in their relations and reach a peace agreement through consultation so as to open a new horizon in advancing the peaceful growth of these relations.商谈建立两岸军事安全互信机制，稳定台海局势；协商达成两岸和平协议，开创两岸关系和平发展新前景。On foreign affairs

促进人类和平与发展

--China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development and firmly pursue an independent foreign policy of peace.中国将始终不渝走和平发展道路，坚定奉行独立自主的和平外交政策。

--We are firm in our resolve to uphold China's sovereignty, security and development interests and will never yield to any outside pressure.我们坚决维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，决不会屈服于任何外来压力。

--We will decide our position and policy on an issue on its own merits and work to uphold fairness and justice.我们根据事情本身的是非曲直决定自己的立场和政策，秉持公道，伸张正义。

--China is committed to peaceful settlement of international disputes and hotspot issues, opposes the wanton use of force or threat to use it, opposes any foreign attempt to subvert the legitimate government of any other countries, and opposes terrorism in all its manifestations.中国主张和平解决国际争端和热点问题，反对动辄诉诸武力或以武力相威胁，反对颠覆别国合法政权，反对一切形式的恐怖主义。

--China opposes hegemonism and power politics in all their forms and will never seek hegemony or engage in expansion.中国反对各种形式的霸权主义和强权政治，永远不称霸，永远不搞扩张。

第三篇：十八大报告全文(中英对照)

@CATTI考试资料与资讯

坚定不移沿着中国特色社会主义道路前进 为全面建成小康社会而奋斗

——在中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会上的报告

(2012年11月8日）

胡锦涛

FIRMLY MARCH ON THE PATH OF SOCIALISM WITH CHINESE CHARACTERISTICS AND STRIVE TO COMPLETE THE BUILDING OF A MODERATELY PROSPEROUS

SOCIETY IN ALL RESPECTS

Report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China on Nov 8, 2012

Hu Jintao

同志们：

现在，我代表第十七届中央委员会向大会作报告。

Comrades，I now wish to deliver the following report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China on behalf of the Seventeenth Party Central Committee.中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会，是在我国进入全面建成小康社会决定性阶段召开的一次十分重要的大会。大会的主题是：高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，解放思想，改革开放，凝聚力量，攻坚克难，坚定不移沿着中国特色社会主义道路前进，为全面建成小康社会而奋斗。

The Eighteenth National Congress is one of great importance being held when China has entered the decisive stage of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.The underlying theme of the congress is to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development, free up the mind, implement the policy of reform and opening up, pool our strength, overcome all difficulties, firmly march on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and strive to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.此时此刻，我们有一个共同的感觉：经过九十多年艰苦奋斗，我们党团结带领全国各族人民，把贫穷落后的旧中国变成日益走向繁荣富强的新中国，中华民族伟大复兴展现出光明前景。我们对党和人民创造的历史伟业倍加自豪，对党和人民确立的理想信念倍加坚定，对党肩负的历史责任倍加清醒。

At this moment when I address you, we are convinced that thanks to over 90 years of hard

@CATTI考试资料与资讯

struggle, our Party has rallied and led the people of all ethnic groups of the country in turning the poor and backward old China into an increasingly prosperous and powerful new China and opening up bright prospects for the great renewal of the Chinese nation.We are all the more proud of the historic achievements of the Party and the people, we are all the more firm in the ideal and conviction of the Party and the people, and we are all the more aware of the historic responsibility of the Party.当前，世情、国情、党情继续发生深刻变化，我们面临的发展机遇和风险挑战前所未有。全党一定要牢记人民信任和重托，更加奋发有为、兢兢业业地工作，继续推动科学发展、促进社会和谐，继续改善人民生活、增进人民福祉，完成时代赋予的光荣而艰巨的任务。

At present, as the global, national and our Party’s conditions continue to undergo profound changes, we are faced with unprecedented opportunities for development as well as risks and challenges unknown before.The whole Party must keep in mind the trust the people have placed in us and the great expectation they have of us.We must aim higher and work harder and continue to pursue development in a scientific way, promote social harmony, and improve the people’s lives so as to complete the glorious and arduous tasks bestowed on us by the times.一、过去五年的工作和十年的基本总结

I.Our Work in the Past Five Years and the Basic Experience We Have Gained in the Past Ten Years

十七大以来的五年，是我们在中国特色社会主义道路上奋勇前进的五年，是我们经受住各种困难和风险考验、夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利的五年。

Over the past five years since the Seventeenth Party Congress, we have marched boldly on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.During these five years, we have overcome numerous difficulties and risks and achieved new successes in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.十七大对推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设、实现全面建设小康社会宏伟目标作出全面部署。为贯彻十七大精神，中央先后召开七次全会，分别就深化行政管理体制改革、推进农村改革发展、加强和改进新形势下党的建设、制定“十二五”规划、推进文化改革发展等关系全局的重大问题作出决定和部署。五年来，我们胜利完成“十一五”规划，顺利实施“十二五”规划，各方面工作都取得新的重大成就。

The Seventeenth Party Congress adopted a comprehensive plan for promoting reform and opening up and socialist modernization and attaining the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.To implement this decision of the Seventeenth Party Congress, the Central Committee has held seven plenary sessions, at which decisions were made and implementing steps adopted on the following issues of underlying importance: deepening reform of the administrative system, promoting rural reform and development, improving and strengthening Party building in a new environment, formulating the Twelfth Five-Year Plan and promoting reform and development

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of the cultural sector.During the past five years, we have fulfilled the goals of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and made good progress in implementing the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and we have made new and major achievements in all fields of our work.经济平稳较快发展。综合国力大幅提升，二０一一年国内生产总值达到四十七点三万亿元。财政收入大幅增加。农业综合生产能力提高，粮食连年增产。产业结构调整取得新进展，基础设施全面加强。城镇化水平明显提高，城乡区域发展协调性增强。创新型国家建设成效显著，载人航天、探月工程、载人深潜、超级计算机、高速铁路等实现重大突破。生态文明建设扎实展开，资源节约和环境保护全面推进。

The economy has developed steadily and rapidly.China’s overall national strength has grown considerably.The gross domestic product(GDP)reached 47.3 trillion yuan in 2011, and government revenue increased by a wide margin.The overall agricultural production capacity has increased and grain output has gone up year after year.Fresh progress has been made in adjusting the industrial structure, and the infrastructure has been extensively upgraded.Urbanization has been steadily advanced, and development between urban and rural areas and between regions has become better balanced.Notable progress has been made in making China an innovative country, and major breakthroughs have been made in manned spaceflights, the lunar exploration program, and in the development of a manned deep-sea submersible, supercomputers and high-speed railways.Solid steps have been taken to promote ecological progress, and comprehensive progress has been made in resource conservation and environmental protection.改革开放取得重大进展。农村综合改革、集体林权制度改革、国有企业改革不断深化，非公有制经济健康发展。现代市场体系和宏观调控体系不断健全，财税、金融、价格、科技、教育、社会保障、医药卫生、事业单位等改革稳步推进。开放型经济达到新水平，进出口总额跃居世界第二位。

Major progress has been registered in reform and opening up.China’s overall rural reform, the reform in tenure of collective forests and the reform of state-owned enterprises have been deepened, and the non-public sector of the economy has registered sound growth.The country’s modern market system and macro-regulatory system have been steadily improved, and its reform of finance and taxation, banking, prices, science and technology, education, social security, medicine and public health, and public institutions has progressed steadily.China’s open economy has reached a new level, and its import and export volume now ranks second in the world.人民生活水平显著提高。改善民生力度不断加大，城乡就业持续扩大，居民收入较快增长，家庭财产稳定增加，衣食住行用条件明显改善，城乡最低生活保障标准和农村扶贫标准大幅提升，企业退休人员基本养老金持续提高。

Living standards have been significantly improved.Efforts to improve the people’s wellbeing have been intensified;urban and rural employment has continued to increase;individual income has increased rapidly;household assets have grown steadily;people’s need for daily necessities such as clothing, food, housing and transportation is better met;subsistence allowances for both urban and rural residents and the rural poverty line have been raised by a big margin;and basic

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pensions for enterprise retirees have increased continually.民主法制建设迈出新步伐。政治体制改革继续推进。实行城乡按相同人口比例选举人大代表。基层民主不断发展。中国特色社会主义法律体系形成，社会主义法治国家建设成绩显著。爱国统一战线巩固壮大。行政体制改革深化，司法体制和工作机制改革取得新进展。

New strides have been made in developing democracy and the legal system.Further progress has been made in reforming the political structure.Urban and rural deputies to people’s congresses are now elected on the basis of the same population ratio.Community-level democracy has steadily developed.The socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics has been established, and notable achievements have been made in building a socialist country based on the rule of law.The patriotic united front has been consolidated and expanded.The reform of the administrative system has deepened, and further progress has been made in the reform of the judicial system and the work mechanisms of the judiciary.文化建设迈上新台阶。社会主义核心价值体系建设深入开展，文化体制改革全面推进，公共文化服务体系建设取得重大进展，文化产业快速发展，文化创作生产更加繁荣，人民精神文化生活更加丰富多彩。全民健身和竞技体育取得新成绩。

Development of the cultural sector has reached a new stage.Intensive efforts have been made to promote core socialist values;comprehensive progress has been made in the reform of the cultural system;important headway has been made in providing public cultural services;the cultural industry has grown rapidly;cultural creation and production is flourishing;and people enjoy richer intellectual pursuits and cultural entertainment.New progress has been made in public fitness programs and competitive sports.社会建设取得新进步。基本公共服务水平和均等化程度明显提高。教育事业迅速发展，城乡免费义务教育全面实现。社会保障体系建设成效显著，城乡基本养老保险制度全面建立，新型社会救助体系基本形成。全民医保基本实现，城乡基本医疗卫生制度初步建立。保障性住房建设加快推进。加强和创新社会管理，社会保持和谐稳定。

Fresh progress has been made in social development.Basic public services have improved markedly, and access to them has become much more equitable.Education has developed rapidly, and free compulsory education is now available in all urban and rural areas.Marked progress has been made in developing the social security system;the basic old-age insurance system covering both the urban and rural population has been fully established, and a new type of social assistance system is taking shape.The whole population is now basically covered by medical insurance;the basic urban and rural healthcare systems are taking shape.Construction of low-income housing has been accelerated.We have strengthened and made innovations in social management and maintained social harmony and stability.国防和军队建设开创新局面。中国特色军事变革取得重大成就，军队革命化现代化正规化建设协调推进、全面加强，军事斗争准备不断深化，履行新世纪新阶段历史使命能力显著增强，出色完成一系列急难险重任务。

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A new stage has been reached in efforts to strengthen national defense and the armed forces.Significant achievements have been made in the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics.Coordinated and all-around progress has been made in efforts to ensure the revolutionary nature of the armed forces and that they are modern and follow standard procedures in all operations.Military preparedness has been enhanced.The armed forces have greatly enhanced their capability of carrying out their historic mission in this new stage in the new century, and they have accomplished a host of urgent, difficult, dangerous and arduous tasks.港澳台工作进一步加强。香港、澳门保持繁荣稳定，同内地交流合作提高到新水平。推动两岸关系实现重大转折，实现两岸全面直接双向“三通”，签署实施两岸经济合作框架协议，形成两岸全方位交往格局，开创两岸关系和平发展新局面。

Work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan affairs has been further strengthened.Hong Kong and Macao have remained prosperous and stable, and their exchanges and cooperation with the mainland have reached a new stage.We have achieved a major transition in the relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits, with direct and two-way links of mail service, transport and trade fully established, and the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement between them has been signed for implementation.All this has promoted extensive mutual contacts and ushered in a new stage of peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations.外交工作取得新成就。坚定维护国家利益和我国公民、法人在海外合法权益，加强同世界各国交流合作，推动全球治理机制变革，积极促进世界和平与发展，在国际事务中的代表性和话语权进一步增强，为改革发展争取了有利国际环境。

New progress has been made in China’s diplomacy.We have staunchly protected China’s interests and the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese nationals and legal persons overseas.We have increased exchanges and cooperation with other countries.We have promoted reform in global governance, enhanced world peace and development, secured more representation and a greater say for China in international affairs, and created favorable international conditions for China’s reform and development.党的建设全面加强。党的执政能力建设和先进性建设继续推进，思想理论建设成效明显，学习实践科学发展观活动取得重要成果，党的建设改革创新迈出重要步伐。党内民主进一步扩大。干部队伍建设取得重要进展，人才工作开创新局面。创先争优活动和学习型党组织建设深入进行，基层党组织不断加强。党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争取得新成效。

All-around progress has been made in Party building.Further progress has been registered in strengthening the Party’s governance capacity and its advanced nature.Notable results have been achieved in strengthening the Party theoretically.Significant achievements have been made in studying and applying the Scientific Outlook on Development.Major progress has been made in conducting reform and innovation in Party building.Intra-Party democracy has been further expanded.Major progress has also been made in strengthening the ranks of Party officials;and new progress has been registered in managing qualified professionals.We have intensified

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activities to encourage Party members and organizations to excel in their work and to build learning Party organizations.Community-level Party organizations have been strengthened.New progress has been made in improving Party conduct, promoting integrity and combating corruption.同时，必须清醒看到，我们工作中还存在许多不足，前进道路上还有不少困难和问题。主要是：发展中不平衡、不协调、不可持续问题依然突出，科技创新能力不强，产业结构不合理，农业基础依然薄弱，资源环境约束加剧，制约科学发展的体制机制障碍较多，深化改革开放和转变经济发展方式任务艰巨；城乡区域发展差距和居民收入分配差距依然较大；社会矛盾明显增多，教育、就业、社会保障、医疗、住房、生态环境、食品药品安全、安全生产、社会治安、执法司法等关系群众切身利益的问题较多，部分群众生活比较困难；一些领域存在道德失范、诚信缺失现象；一些干部领导科学发展能力不强，一些基层党组织软弱涣散，少数党员干部理想信念动摇、宗旨意识淡薄，形式主义、官僚主义问题突出，奢侈浪费现象严重；一些领域消极腐败现象易发多发，反腐败斗争形势依然严峻。对这些困难和问题，我们必须高度重视，进一步认真加以解决。

On the other hand, we must be keenly aware that there is still much room for improvement in our work and there are a lot of difficulties and problems on our road ahead.They include the following: Unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable development remains a big problem.The capacity for scientific and technological innovation is weak.The industrial structure is unbalanced.Agricultural infrastructure remains weak.Resource and environmental constraints have become more serious.Many systemic barriers stand in the way of promoting development in a scientific way.The tasks of deepening reform and opening up and changing the growth model remain arduous.The development gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is still large, and so are income disparities.Social problems have increased markedly.There are many problems affecting people’s immediate interests in education, employment, social security, healthcare, housing, the ecological environment, food and drug safety, workplace safety, public security, law enforcement, administration of justice, etc.Some people still lead hard lives.There is a lack of ethics and integrity in some fields of endeavor.Some officials are not competent to pursue development in a scientific way.Some community-level Party organizations are weak and lax.A small number of Party members and officials waver in the Party’s ideal and conviction and are not fully aware of its purpose.Going through formalities and bureaucratism as well as extravagance and waste are serious problems.Some sectors are prone to corruption and other misconduct, and the fight against corruption remains a serious challenge for us.We must take these difficulties and problems very seriously and work harder to resolve them.过去五年的工作，是十六大以来全面建设小康社会十年实践的重要组成部分。

Our work in the past five years is an important part of our endeavor to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the past ten years since the Sixteenth National Congress of the Party.这十年，我们紧紧抓住和用好我国发展的重要战略机遇期，战胜一系列重大挑战，奋力把中国特色社会主义推进到新的发展阶段。进入新世纪新阶段，国际局势风云变幻，综合国力竞 6

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争空前激烈，我们深化改革开放，加快发展步伐，以加入世界贸易组织为契机，变压力为动力，化挑战为机遇，坚定不移推进全面建设小康社会进程。前进过程中，我们战胜突如其来的非典疫情，认真总结我国发展实践，准确把握我国发展的阶段性特征，及时提出和全面贯彻科学发展观等重大战略思想，开拓了经济社会发展的广阔空间。二００八年以后，国际金融危机使我国发展遭遇严重困难，我们科学判断、果断决策，采取一系列重大举措，在全球率先实现经济企稳回升，积累了有效应对外部经济风险冲击、保持经济平稳较快发展的重要经验。我们成功举办北京奥运会、残奥会和上海世博会，夺取抗击汶川特大地震等严重自然灾害和灾后恢复重建重大胜利，妥善处置一系列重大突发事件。在十分复杂的国内外形势下，党和人民经受住严峻考验，巩固和发展了改革开放和社会主义现代化建设大局，提高了我国国际地位，彰显了中国特色社会主义的巨大优越性和强大生命力，增强了中国人民和中华民族的自豪感和凝聚力。

During these ten years, we have seized and made the most of the important period of strategic opportunities for China’s development, successfully met major challenges and brought socialism with Chinese characteristics to a new stage of development.Facing a volatile global environment and fierce competition in overall national strength unseen before in this new stage in the new century, we have deepened reform and opening up and accelerated development.We took China’s accession to the World Trade Organization as an opportunity to turn pressure into motivation and turn challenges into opportunities, and we have forged ahead in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.While we were on the way, we overcame the unexpected outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS).On the basis of reviewing China’s development practices, we gained a good understanding of the essential features of its development in the current stage, set forth in a timely way major strategic thinking including the Scientific Outlook on Development, and have fully applied it, and thus greatly expanded the space for economic and social development.After 2008, the global financial crisis caused acute difficulties to China’s development.By making resolute decisions and taking major countermeasures on the basis of sizing up the overall development in a scientific way, we made China’s economy the first in the world to make a turnaround, and we have gained important experience in effectively defusing external economic risks and maintaining steady and robust growth.We successfully hosted the Games of the XXIX Olympiad and the XIII Paralympic Games in Beijing and the World Expo in Shanghai.We won great victories in responding to the massive Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province and other natural disasters and in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction and settled major emergencies.Bracing ourselves against complex domestic and international developments, our Party and people have stood severe tests, consolidated and developed the cause of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, and raised China’s international standing.All this shows the superiority and vitality of socialism with Chinese characteristics and has enhanced the pride and cohesiveness of the Chinese people and nation.十年来，我们取得一系列新的历史性成就，为全面建成小康社会打下了坚实基础。我国经济总量从世界第六位跃升到第二位，社会生产力、经济实力、科技实力迈上一个大台阶，人民生活水平、居民收入水平、社会保障水平迈上一个大台阶，综合国力、国际竞争力、国际影响力迈上一个大台阶，国家面貌发生新的历史性变化。人们公认，这是我国经济持续发展、民主不断健全、文化日益繁荣、社会保持稳定的时期，是着力保障和改善民生、人民得到实惠更多的时期。我们能取得这样的历史性成就，靠的是党的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领、7

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基本经验的正确指引，靠的是新中国成立以来特别是改革开放以来奠定的深厚基础，靠的是全党全国各族人民的团结奋斗。

Over the past ten years, we have achieved new historic successes and laid a solid foundation for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.China’s economy has risen from the sixth to the second place in the world.The country has undergone new historic changes: Its productive forces and economic, scientific and technological strength have increased considerably, the people’s living standards, individual income and social security have improved significantly, and its overall national strength and international competitiveness and influence have been enhanced substantially.During this period, China has seen continuous economic development, steady improvement in democracy, and increasing cultural prosperity and social stability, and we have worked hard to ensure and improve the people’s wellbeing and brought them more benefits than ever before.And all this is widely recognized.These historic successes are attributable to the correct guidance of the Party’s basic theory, line, program and experience;they have been achieved on the firm foundation laid since the founding of New China in 1949 and particularly since the adoption of the policy of reform and opening up in 1978;and they are the fruits of the united efforts of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China.在这里，我代表中共中央，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界爱国人士，向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞和台湾同胞以及广大侨胞，向一切关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国朋友，表示衷心的感谢！

Here, on behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, I wish to express our heartfelt thanks to the people of all ethnic groups in China, to the democratic parties, people’s organizations and patriots from all walks of life, to our compatriots in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese, and to our foreign friends who view favorably and support China’s modernization drive.总结十年奋斗历程，最重要的就是我们坚持以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想为指导，勇于推进实践基础上的理论创新，围绕坚持和发展中国特色社会主义提出一系列紧密相连、相互贯通的新思想、新观点、新论断，形成和贯彻了科学发展观。科学发展观是马克思主义同当代中国实际和时代特征相结合的产物，是马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现，对新形势下实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大问题作出了新的科学回答，把我们对中国特色社会主义规律的认识提高到新的水平，开辟了当代中国马克思主义发展新境界。科学发展观是中国特色社会主义理论体系最新成果，是中国共产党集体智慧的结晶，是指导党和国家全部工作的强大思想武器。科学发展观同马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想一道，是党必须长期坚持的指导思想。

The most important achievement in our endeavors in the past ten years is that we have formed the Scientific Outlook on Development and put it into practice by following the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and by making courageous theoretical innovations on the basis of practices and developing closely interconnected new ideas and viewpoints on upholding and building socialism

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with Chinese characteristics.The Scientific Outlook on Development was created by integrating Marxism with the reality of contemporary China and with the underlying features of our times, and it fully embodies the Marxist worldview on and methodology for development.This theory provides new scientific answers to the major questions of what kind of development China should achieve in a new environment and how the country should achieve it.It represents a new level of our understanding of the laws of socialism with Chinese characteristics and reaches a new realm in the development of Marxism in contemporary China.The Scientific Outlook on Development is the latest achievement in developing the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and it is the crystallization of the collective wisdom of the Communist Party of China and a powerful theoretical weapon for guiding all the work of the Party and country.Together with Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development is the theoretical guidance the Party must adhere to for a long time.面向未来，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，对坚持和发展中国特色社会主义具有重大现实意义和深远历史意义，必须把科学发展观贯彻到我国现代化建设全过程、体现到党的建设各方面。全党必须更加自觉地把推动经济社会发展作为深入贯彻落实科学发展观的第一要义，牢牢扭住经济建设这个中心，坚持聚精会神搞建设、一心一意谋发展，着力把握发展规律、创新发展理念、破解发展难题，深入实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略、可持续发展战略，加快形成符合科学发展要求的发展方式和体制机制，不断解放和发展社会生产力，不断实现科学发展、和谐发展、和平发展，为坚持和发展中国特色社会主义打下牢固基础。必须更加自觉地把以人为本作为深入贯彻落实科学发展观的核心立场，始终把实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民根本利益作为党和国家一切工作的出发点和落脚点，尊重人民首创精神，保障人民各项权益，不断在实现发展成果由人民共享、促进人的全面发展上取得新成效。必须更加自觉地把全面协调可持续作为深入贯彻落实科学发展观的基本要求，全面落实经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设五位一体总体布局，促进现代化建设各方面相协调，促进生产关系与生产力、上层建筑与经济基础相协调，不断开拓生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。必须更加自觉地把统筹兼顾作为深入贯彻落实科学发展观的根本方法，坚持一切从实际出发，正确认识和妥善处理中国特色社会主义事业中的重大关系，统筹改革发展稳定、内政外交国防、治党治国治军各方面工作，统筹城乡发展、区域发展、经济社会发展、人与自然和谐发展、国内发展和对外开放，统筹各方面利益关系，充分调动各方面积极性，努力形成全体人民各尽其能、各得其所而又和谐相处的局面。

As we advance toward the future, thoroughly applying the Scientific Outlook on Development is of major immediate significance and far-reaching historical significance for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must apply it throughout the course of modernization and to every aspect of Party building.The whole Party must more purposefully make promoting economic and social development the top priority in applying the Scientific Outlook on Development.We must pursue economic development as the central task and concentrate on it with every determination.We should master the laws of development, develop new thinking on development and solve problems hindering development.We must implement the strategies for making China strong by developing science and education and training competent personnel and the strategy for pursuing sustainable

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development.We must step up efforts to create development models as well as institutions and mechanisms that facilitate development in a scientific way.We must continue to release and develop the productive forces and promote scientific, harmonious and peaceful development so as to lay a solid foundation for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.The whole Party must more purposefully take putting people first as the core requirement for thoroughly applying the Scientific Outlook on Development.We must always make realizing, safeguarding and developing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people the starting point and goal of all the work of the Party and country.We must respect the people’s creativity, protect their rights and interests, and make continued progress in enabling the people to share in the fruits of development and in promoting well-rounded development of the person.The whole Party must more purposefully make pursuing comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development the basic requirement for applying the Scientific Outlook on Development.We must fully implement the overall plan for promoting economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress, ensure coordinated progress in all areas of endeavors in the modernization drive, balance the relations of production with the productive forces as well as the superstructure with the economic base, and continue to expand the path of development that leads to increased production, prosperity and a good ecosystem.The whole Party must more purposefully take the holistic approach as the fundamental way of thoroughly applying the Scientific Outlook on Development.We must base ourselves on reality in everything we do, gain a full understanding of the major issues in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and handle them properly.We must take a holistic approach to our work relating to reform, development and stability, to domestic and foreign affairs as well as national defense, and to running the Party, the country and the military.We must coordinate urban and rural development, development between regions, economic and social development, relations between man and nature, and domestic development and opening to the outside world.We must balance the interests of all parties and keep them fully motivated so that all people do their best, find their proper places in society and live in harmony.解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进、求真务实，是科学发展观最鲜明的精神实质。实践发展永无止境，认识真理永无止境，理论创新永无止境。全党一定要勇于实践、勇于变革、勇于创新，把握时代发展要求，顺应人民共同愿望，不懈探索和把握中国特色社会主义规律，永葆党的生机活力，永葆国家发展动力，在党和人民创造性实践中奋力开拓中国特色社会主义更为广阔的发展前景。

Freeing up the mind, seeking truth from facts, keeping up with the times and being realistic and pragmatic – these are the salient features of the Scientific Outlook on Development.There is no end to practice, to seeking truth, or to making theoretical innovations.The whole Party must boldly engage in practice and make changes and innovations.We must respond to the call of the times, follow the aspirations of the people and explore and master the laws of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must ensure that the Party is always full of vigor and that China always has the driving force for development.By doing so, we will open up a bright future for

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developing socialism with Chinese characteristics through the creative practices of the Party and the people.二、夺取中国特色社会主义新胜利

II.Achieving New Victory for Socialism with Chinese Characteristics 回首近代以来中国波澜壮阔的历史，展望中华民族充满希望的未来，我们得出一个坚定的结论：全面建成小康社会，加快推进社会主义现代化，实现中华民族伟大复兴，必须坚定不移走中国特色社会主义道路。

Looking back at China’s eventful modern history and looking to the promising future of the Chinese nation, we have drawn this definite conclusion: We must unswervingly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics in order to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, accelerate socialist modernization, and achieve the great renewal of the Chinese nation.道路关乎党的命脉，关乎国家前途、民族命运、人民幸福。在中国这样一个经济文化十分落后的国家探索民族复兴道路，是极为艰巨的任务。九十多年来，我们党紧紧依靠人民，把马克思主义基本原理同中国实际和时代特征结合起来，独立自主走自己的路，历经千辛万苦，付出各种代价，取得革命建设改革伟大胜利，开创和发展了中国特色社会主义，从根本上改变了中国人民和中华民族的前途命运。

The issue of what path we take is of vital importance for the survival of the Party, the future of China, the destiny of the Chinese nation, and the wellbeing of the people.Exploring a path to national renewal in China that was economically and culturally backward is an extremely arduous task.Over the past 90-plus years, relying firmly on the people and adapting the basic tenets of Marxism to China’s conditions and the underlying trend of the times, our Party has pursued its own course independently.It has, enduring untold hardships and sufferings and paying various costs, achieved great success in revolution, development and reform, and created and developed socialism with Chinese characteristics, thus fundamentally changing the future and destiny of the Chinese people and nation.以毛泽东同志为核心的党的第一代中央领导集体带领全党全国各族人民完成了新民主主义革命，进行了社会主义改造，确立了社会主义基本制度，成功实现了中国历史上最深刻最伟大的社会变革，为当代中国一切发展进步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基础。在探索过程中，虽然经历了严重曲折，但党在社会主义建设中取得的独创性理论成果和巨大成就，为新的历史时期开创中国特色社会主义提供了宝贵经验、理论准备、物质基础。The Party’s first generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Mao Zedong at the core led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China in completing the new-democratic revolution, carrying out socialist transformation and establishing the basic system of socialism, thereby accomplishing the most profound and the greatest social transformation in China’s history.This created the fundamental political prerequisite and systemic foundation for development and progress in contemporary China.In the course of socialist development, the Party developed distinctively creative theories and made tremendous successes despite serious setbacks it went through, thus providing invaluable experience as well as the theoretical and material basis for launching the great initiative of building socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new historical period.以邓小平同志为核心的党的第二代中央领导集体带领全党全国各族人民深刻总结我国社会主义建设正反两方面经验，借鉴世界社会主义历史经验，作出把党和国家工作中心转移到经 11

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济建设上来、实行改革开放的历史性决策，深刻揭示社会主义本质，确立社会主义初级阶段基本路线，明确提出走自己的路、建设中国特色社会主义，科学回答了建设中国特色社会主义的一系列基本问题，成功开创了中国特色社会主义。

The Party’s second generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Deng Xiaoping at the core led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China in conducting a thorough review of China’s experiences in building socialism, both positive and negative.On this basis and drawing on the experience of world socialism, they made the historic decision to shift the focus of the Party and country’s work to economic development and to pursue the policy of reform and opening up.They gained a keen appreciation of the underlying goal of socialism and established the Party’s basic line for the primary stage of socialism.They called for taking our own road and building socialism with Chinese characteristics and provided scientific answers to basic questions in this regard.On this basis, the great initiative of building socialism with Chinese characteristics was successfully launched.以江泽民同志为核心的党的第三代中央领导集体带领全党全国各族人民坚持党的基本理论、基本路线，在国内外形势十分复杂、世界社会主义出现严重曲折的严峻考验面前捍卫了中国特色社会主义，依据新的实践确立了党的基本纲领、基本经验，确立了社会主义市场经济体制的改革目标和基本框架，确立了社会主义初级阶段的基本经济制度和分配制度，开创全面改革开放新局面，推进党的建设新的伟大工程，成功把中国特色社会主义推向二十一世纪。The Party’s third generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Jiang Zemin at the core led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China in adhering to the Party’s basic theory and line.Standing the severe tests posed by complex domestic and international developments and major setbacks in world socialism, they upheld socialism with Chinese characteristics.Based on China’s new realities, they reaffirmed the Party’s basic program and its basic experience, set the goal of reform and developed a basic framework for achieving this goal, namely, developing a socialist market economy.They reaffirmed the basic economic system and the system of income distribution in the primary stage of socialism, ushered in a new phase in carrying out all-around reform and opening up, and pressed ahead with the great new undertaking of Party building, thus advancing socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century.新世纪新阶段，党中央抓住重要战略机遇期，在全面建设小康社会进程中推进实践创新、理论创新、制度创新，强调坚持以人为本、全面协调可持续发展，提出构建社会主义和谐社会、加快生态文明建设，形成中国特色社会主义事业总体布局，着力保障和改善民生，促进社会公平正义，推动建设和谐世界，推进党的执政能力建设和先进性建设，成功在新的历史起点上坚持和发展了中国特色社会主义。

In the new stage in the new century, the Party Central Committee has seized this important period of strategic opportunities and promoted innovation in practice, theory and institutional building in the course of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We have emphasized the need to put people first and to pursue comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development;we have called for building a harmonious socialist society and speeding up ecological progress, and we have adopted overall implementing steps for advancing the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We have strived to ensure and improve the people’s wellbeing, promoted social fairness and justice, worked to build a harmonious world, and strengthened the Party’s governance capacity and advanced nature.We have thus upheld and developed socialism with Chinese characteristics from a new historical starting point.在改革开放三十多年一以贯之的接力探索中，我们坚定不移高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗 12

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帜，既不走封闭僵化的老路、也不走改旗易帜的邪路。中国特色社会主义道路，中国特色社会主义理论体系，中国特色社会主义制度，是党和人民九十多年奋斗、创造、积累的根本成就，必须倍加珍惜、始终坚持、不断发展。

Throughout the past 30-plus years of continuous exploration for reform and opening up, we have held high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics and rejected both the old and rigid closed-door policy and any attempt to abandon socialism and take an erroneous path.The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the socialist system with Chinese characteristics are the fundamental accomplishments made by the Party and people in the course of arduous struggle over the past 90-plus years.We must cherish these accomplishments, uphold them all the time and continue to enrich them.中国特色社会主义道路，就是在中国共产党领导下，立足基本国情，以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则，坚持改革开放，解放和发展社会生产力，建设社会主义市场经济、社会主义民主政治、社会主义先进文化、社会主义和谐社会、社会主义生态文明，促进人的全面发展，逐步实现全体人民共同富裕，建设富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。中国特色社会主义理论体系，就是包括邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观在内的科学理论体系，是对马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想的坚持和发展。中国特色社会主义制度，就是人民代表大会制度的根本政治制度，中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度以及基层群众自治制度等基本政治制度，中国特色社会主义法律体系，公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度，以及建立在这些制度基础上的经济体制、政治体制、文化体制、社会体制等各项具体制度。中国特色社会主义道路是实现途径，中国特色社会主义理论体系是行动指南，中国特色社会主义制度是根本保障，三者统一于中国特色社会主义伟大实践，这是党领导人民在建设社会主义长期实践中形成的最鲜明特色。

Taking the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics means we must, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and basing ourselves on China’s realities, take economic development as the central task and adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles and the policy of reform and opening up.It means we must release and develop the productive forces, develop the socialist market economy, socialist democracy, an advanced socialist culture and a harmonious socialist society, and promote socialist ecological progress.It also means we must promote well-rounded development of the person, achieve prosperity for all over time, and make China a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious.The system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a system of scientific theories that includes Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development, and this system represents the Party’s adherence to and development of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought.The socialist system with Chinese characteristics includes the following: the fundamental political system – the system of people’s congresses;the basic political systems – the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of community-level self-governance;the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics;the basic economic system in which public ownership is the mainstay and economic entities of diverse ownership develop together;and the specific economic, political, cultural, and social institutions based on these systems.The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the way to reach the goal, the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics offers a guide to action, and the socialist system with Chinese

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characteristics provides the fundamental guarantee.The three function as an integral whole in the great practice of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, and this is the salient feature of the long-term endeavors of the Communist Party of China leading the people in building socialism.建设中国特色社会主义，总依据是社会主义初级阶段，总布局是五位一体，总任务是实现社会主义现代化和中华民族伟大复兴。中国特色社会主义，既坚持了科学社会主义基本原则，又根据时代条件赋予其鲜明的中国特色，以全新的视野深化了对共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律、人类社会发展规律的认识，从理论和实践结合上系统回答了在中国这样人口多底子薄的东方大国建设什么样的社会主义、怎样建设社会主义这个根本问题，使我们国家快速发展起来，使我国人民生活水平快速提高起来。实践充分证明，中国特色社会主义是当代中国发展进步的根本方向，只有中国特色社会主义才能发展中国。

In building socialism with Chinese characteristics, we base ourselves on the basic reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism.Our overall approach is to promote economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress, and our general task is to achieve socialist modernization and the great renewal of the Chinese nation.Socialism with Chinese characteristics both upholds the basic principles of scientific socialism and has distinctive Chinese features that reflect contemporary conditions.It offers from new perspectives a deeper understanding of the laws of governance by the Communist Party, laws of building socialism, and laws of the development of human society.By integrating theory with practice, it has systematically addressed the fundamental questions of what kind of socialism we should build and how we should build it in China, a big country in the East with a huge population and a weak economy to start with.Socialism with Chinese characteristics has brought about fast development and rising living standards in China.This fully shows that socialism with Chinese characteristics is what we must pursue if we are to achieve development and make progress in contemporary China and that only socialism with Chinese characteristics can enable China to develop itself.发展中国特色社会主义是一项长期的艰巨的历史任务，必须准备进行具有许多新的历史特点的伟大斗争。我们一定要毫不动摇坚持、与时俱进发展中国特色社会主义，不断丰富中国特色社会主义的实践特色、理论特色、民族特色、时代特色。

Developing socialism with Chinese characteristics is a long-term arduous task of historic importance, and we must be prepared to carry out a great struggle with many new historical features.We must unswervingly adhere to socialism with Chinese characteristics, develop it as required by the times, constantly enrich it in both practice and theory and enhance its distinctive national features in keeping up with the times.在新的历史条件下夺取中国特色社会主义新胜利，必须牢牢把握以下基本要求，并使之成为全党全国各族人民的共同信念。

To achieve new victory for socialism with Chinese characteristics under new historical conditions, we must have a firm grasp of the following basic requirements and make them shared convictions of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China.——必须坚持人民主体地位。中国特色社会主义是亿万人民自己的事业。要发挥人民主人翁精神，坚持依法治国这个党领导人民治理国家的基本方略，最广泛地动员和组织人民依法管理国家事务和社会事务、管理经济和文化事业、积极投身社会主义现代化建设，更好保障人民权益，更好保证人民当家作主。

– We must maintain the people’s principal position in the country.Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a cause for the people in their hundreds of millions.We should ensure that the

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people are the masters of the country and we should uphold the rule of law as a fundamental principle by which the Party leads the people in running the country.We should mobilize and organize as many people as possible to manage state and social affairs as well as the economy and cultural programs in accordance with the law and to devote themselves to socialist modernization, and we should better protect the people’s rights and interests and ensure that the people determine their own destiny.——必须坚持解放和发展社会生产力。解放和发展社会生产力是中国特色社会主义的根本任务。要坚持以经济建设为中心，以科学发展为主题，全面推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设，实现以人为本、全面协调可持续的科学发展。

– We must continue to release and develop the productive forces.This is the fundamental task of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should take economic development as the central task and pursuing development in a scientific way as the underlying guideline, advance in an all-around way economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and achieve in a scientific way development that puts people first and is comprehensive, balanced and sustainable.——必须坚持推进改革开放。改革开放是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的必由之路。要始终把改革创新精神贯彻到治国理政各个环节，坚持社会主义市场经济的改革方向，坚持对外开放的基本国策，不断推进理论创新、制度创新、科技创新、文化创新以及其他各方面创新，不断推进我国社会主义制度自我完善和发展。

– We must persevere in reform and opening up.Reform and opening up are crucial to adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should always apply the spirit of reform and innovation to all aspects of governance, keep improving the socialist market economy, adhere to the basic state policy of opening to the outside world, continue to make innovations in theory, in institutions, in science and technology, in culture and in other fields, and continuously promote the self-improvement and self-development of China’s socialist system.——必须坚持维护社会公平正义。公平正义是中国特色社会主义的内在要求。要在全体人民共同奋斗、经济社会发展的基础上，加紧建设对保障社会公平正义具有重大作用的制度，逐步建立以权利公平、机会公平、规则公平为主要内容的社会公平保障体系，努力营造公平的社会环境，保证人民平等参与、平等发展权利。

– We must safeguard social fairness and justice.Fairness and justice are inherent requirements of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must, relying on the concerted efforts of all the Chinese people and based on economic and social development, step up efforts to develop institutions that are vital to ensuring social fairness and justice;establish in due course a system for guaranteeing fairness in society featuring, among other things, equal rights, equal opportunities and fair rules for all;and foster a fair social environment and ensure people’s equal right to participation in governance and to development.——必须坚持走共同富裕道路。共同富裕是中国特色社会主义的根本原则。要坚持社会主义基本经济制度和分配制度，调整国民收入分配格局，加大再分配调节力度，着力解决收入分配差距较大问题，使发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民，朝着共同富裕方向稳步前进。– We must strive for common prosperity.This is the fundamental principle of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should adhere to the basic socialist economic system and the socialist income distribution system.We should adjust the pattern of national income distribution, tighten its regulation by secondary distribution and work hard to narrow income gaps so that all the people can share in more fruits of development in a fair way and move steadily toward common prosperity.@CATTI考试资料与资讯

——必须坚持促进社会和谐。社会和谐是中国特色社会主义的本质属性。要把保障和改善民生放在更加突出的位置，加强和创新社会管理，正确处理改革发展稳定关系，团结一切可以团结的力量，最大限度增加和谐因素，增强社会创造活力，确保人民安居乐业、社会安定有序、国家长治久安。

– We must promote social harmony.Social harmony is an inherent attribute of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should give higher priority to ensuring and improving the people’s wellbeing, strengthen and conduct social management in an innovative way, strike a balance between reform, development and stability, rally all the forces that can be rallied, maximize factors conducive to harmony and increase the creative vitality of society.We should ensure that the people live and work in contentment, society is stable and orderly, and the country enjoys enduring peace and stability.——必须坚持和平发展。和平发展是中国特色社会主义的必然选择。要坚持开放的发展、合作的发展、共赢的发展，通过争取和平国际环境发展自己，又以自身发展维护和促进世界和平，扩大同各方利益汇合点，推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。

– We must pursue peaceful development.Peaceful development is the sure choice of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should pursue development through opening up and cooperation to benefit all.We should develop ourselves by securing a peaceful international environment and uphold and promote world peace through our own development.We should expand common interests with all others and work to build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.——必须坚持党的领导。中国共产党是中国特色社会主义事业的领导核心。要坚持立党为公、执政为民，加强和改善党的领导，坚持党总揽全局、协调各方的领导核心作用，保持党的先进性和纯洁性，增强党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力，提高党科学执政、民主执政、依法执政水平。

– We must uphold the leadership of the Party.The Communist Party of China is the leadership core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should uphold the principle that the Party was founded for the public good and that it exercises state power for the people, enhance and improve the Party’s leadership and ensure that the Party plays its role as the leadership core in exercising overall leadership and coordinating the efforts of all.We should maintain the Party’s advanced nature and purity, strengthen its creativity, cohesiveness and capability and enhance its capacity to govern in a scientific and democratic way and in accordance with the law.我们必须清醒认识到，我国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情没有变，人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾这一社会主要矛盾没有变，我国是世界最大发展中国家的国际地位没有变。在任何情况下都要牢牢把握社会主义初级阶段这个最大国情，推进任何方面的改革发展都要牢牢立足社会主义初级阶段这个最大实际。党的基本路线是党和国家的生命线，必须坚持把以经济建设为中心同四项基本原则、改革开放这两个基本点统一于中国特色社会主义伟大实践，既不妄自菲薄，也不妄自尊大，扎扎实实夺取中国特色社会主义新胜利。

We must be soberly aware that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will long remain so.This basic condition of China has not changed;nor has the principal problem in our society, that is, how we can meet the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people with backward social production;nor has China’s international position as the largest developing country in the world.We must bear in mind under any circumstances the paramount reality that China remains in the primary stage of socialism and will long remain so and base ourselves on this

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reality in pursuing all of our endeavors of reform and development.The Party’s basic line is the lifeblood of the Party and country.We must adhere to the central task – economic development – and the two basic points – the Four Cardinal Principles and the policy of reform and opening up – in our great endeavor to develop socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should neither look down upon ourselves nor be arrogant.We must take solid steps to achieve new victory for socialism with Chinese characteristics.只要我们胸怀理想、坚定信念，不动摇、不懈怠、不折腾，顽强奋斗、艰苦奋斗、不懈奋斗，就一定能在中国共产党成立一百年时全面建成小康社会，就一定能在新中国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。全党要坚定这样的道路自信、理论自信、制度自信！

As long as we remain true to our ideal, are firm in our conviction, never vacillate in or relax our efforts or act recklessly, and forge ahead with tenacity and resolve, we will surely complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects when the Communist Party of China celebrates its centenary and turn China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious when the People’s Republic of China marks its centennial.The whole Party should have every confidence in our path, in our theories and in our system.三、全面建成小康社会和全面深化改革开放的目标

III.The Goal of Completing the Building of a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects and Deepening Reform and Opening Up in an All-Around Way 综观国际国内大势，我国发展仍处于可以大有作为的重要战略机遇期。我们要准确判断重要战略机遇期内涵和条件的变化，全面把握机遇，沉着应对挑战，赢得主动，赢得优势，赢得未来，确保到二０二０年实现全面建成小康社会宏伟目标。

An examination of both the current international and domestic environments shows that China remains in an important period of strategic opportunities for its development, a period in which much can be achieved.We need to have a correct understanding of the changing nature and conditions of this period, seize all opportunities, respond with cool-headedness to challenges, and gain initiative and advantages to win the future and attain the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020.根据我国经济社会发展实际，要在十六大、十七大确立的全面建设小康社会目标的基础上努力实现新的要求。

Basing ourselves on China’s actual economic and social development, we must work hard to meet the following new requirements while working to fulfill the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects set forth at the Sixteenth and Seventeenth National Congresses of the Party.——经济持续健康发展。转变经济发展方式取得重大进展，在发展平衡性、协调性、可持续性明显增强的基础上，实现国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比二０一０年翻一番。科技进步对经济增长的贡献率大幅上升，进入创新型国家行列。工业化基本实现，信息化水平大幅提升，城镇化质量明显提高，农业现代化和社会主义新农村建设成效显著，区域协调发展机制基本形成。对外开放水平进一步提高，国际竞争力明显增强。

– The economy should maintain sustained and sound development.Major progress should be made in changing the growth model.On the basis of making China’s development much more balanced, coordinated and sustainable, we should double its 2010 GDP and per capita income for

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both urban and rural residents.The contribution of scientific and technological progress to economic growth should increase considerably and China should become an innovative country.Industrialization should be basically accomplished.IT application should be significantly expanded.The quality of urbanization should improve markedly.Notable progress should be made in modernizing agriculture and building new socialist rural areas.The basic mechanism for promoting balanced development between regions should be in place.Opening up should be further improved and China’s international competitiveness should increase significantly.——人民民主不断扩大。民主制度更加完善，民主形式更加丰富，人民积极性、主动性、创造性进一步发挥。依法治国基本方略全面落实，法治政府基本建成，司法公信力不断提高，人权得到切实尊重和保障。

– People’s democracy should be expanded.The institutions of democracy should be improved and its forms enriched.People’s enthusiasm, initiative and creativity should be fully leveraged.The rule of law should be fully implemented as a basic strategy, a law-based government should be basically in function, judicial credibility should be steadily enhanced, and human rights should be fully respected and protected.——文化软实力显著增强。社会主义核心价值体系深入人心，公民文明素质和社会文明程度明显提高。文化产品更加丰富，公共文化服务体系基本建成，文化产业成为国民经济支柱性产业，中华文化走出去迈出更大步伐，社会主义文化强国建设基础更加坚实。

– The country’s cultural soft power should be improved significantly.Core socialist values should take root among the people, and both the level of civility of citizens and the moral and ethical standards of the whole society should be significantly raised.More cultural works should be created;a system of public cultural services should be basically in place, and the cultural sector should become a pillar of the economy.Even greater progress should be made in taking Chinese culture to the global stage.By taking these steps, we will lay a more solid foundation for developing a strong socialist culture in China.——人民生活水平全面提高。基本公共服务均等化总体实现。全民受教育程度和创新人才培养水平明显提高，进入人才强国和人力资源强国行列，教育现代化基本实现。就业更加充分。收入分配差距缩小，中等收入群体持续扩大，扶贫对象大幅减少。社会保障全民覆盖，人人享有基本医疗卫生服务，住房保障体系基本形成，社会和谐稳定。

– Living standards should be fully raised.Equal access to basic public services should be generally achieved.The educational level of the entire population should be significantly raised and training of innovative professionals markedly improved.China should have a large pool of competent professionals and be rich in human resources, and it should basically modernize its education.There should be more employment opportunities.Income gaps should be narrowed, middle-income groups should keep growing, and the number of people living below the poverty line should drop by a large margin.Social security should cover all the people.Everyone should have access to basic medical and public health services.The system of housing for low-income groups should take shape, and there should be social harmony and stability.——资源节约型、环境友好型社会建设取得重大进展。主体功能区布局基本形成，资源循环利用体系初步建立。单位国内生产总值能源消耗和二氧化碳排放大幅下降，主要污染物排放总量显著减少。森林覆盖率提高，生态系统稳定性增强，人居环境明显改善。

– Major progress should be made in building a resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society.The establishment of functional zones should be basically completed, and a system for recycling resources should begin to take shape.Energy consumption and carbon

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dioxide emissions per unit of GDP as well as the discharge of major pollutants should decrease sharply.Forest coverage should increase, the ecosystem should become more stable, and the living environment should improve markedly.全面建成小康社会，必须以更大的政治勇气和智慧，不失时机深化重要领域改革，坚决破除一切妨碍科学发展的思想观念和体制机制弊端，构建系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系，使各方面制度更加成熟更加定型。要加快完善社会主义市场经济体制，完善公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度，完善按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度，更大程度更广范围发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用，完善宏观调控体系，完善开放型经济体系，推动经济更有效率、更加公平、更可持续发展。加快推进社会主义民主政治制度化、规范化、程序化，从各层次各领域扩大公民有序政治参与，实现国家各项工作法治化。加快完善文化管理体制和文化生产经营机制，基本建立现代文化市场体系，健全国有文化资产管理体制，形成有利于创新创造的文化发展环境。加快形成科学有效的社会管理体制，完善社会保障体系，健全基层公共服务和社会管理网络，建立确保社会既充满活力又和谐有序的体制机制。加快建立生态文明制度，健全国土空间开发、资源节约、生态环境保护的体制机制，推动形成人与自然和谐发展现代化建设新格局。

To complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must, with greater political courage and vision, lose no time in deepening reform in key sectors and resolutely discard all notions and systems that hinder efforts to pursue development in a scientific way.We should set up a well-developed, scientific, procedure-based and effective framework of systems and ensure that operating institutions in all sectors are fully functioning.We should speed up improvements to the socialist market economy.We should improve the basic economic system in which public ownership is the mainstay of the economy and economic entities of diverse ownership develop together, and we should improve the system of income distribution in which distribution according to work is the main form that coexists with other forms of distribution.We should leverage to a greater extent and in a wider scope the basic role of the market in allocating resources, improve the system of macro-regulation, and perfect the open economy to ensure more efficient, equitable and sustainable economic development.We should work harder to enhance socialist democracy in a systemic way by adopting due standards and procedures, expand people’s orderly participation in governance at all levels and in all fields, and ensure that all governance functions are performed in accordance with the law.We should accelerate improvement of the system for managing the cultural sector and the mechanism for cultural production and operation, establish the basic framework of a modern cultural market system, improve the system for managing state-owned cultural assets, and foster a cultural environment that encourages creativity.We should step up efforts to form a scientific and effective social management system, improve the social security system, and strengthen networks of community-level public services and social management.We should establish institutions and mechanisms to ensure that society is full of vigor, harmonious and orderly.We should move faster to set up a system for ecological progress, improve institutions and mechanisms for developing geographical space, conserving resources and protecting the ecological environment and promote modernization featuring harmonious development between man and nature.如期全面建成小康社会任务十分艰巨，全党同志一定要埋头苦干、顽强拼搏。国家要加大对农村和中西部地区扶持力度，支持这些地区加快改革开放、增强发展能力、改善人民生活。鼓励有条件的地方在现代化建设中继续走在前列，为全国改革发展作出更大贡献。

Completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020 is an arduous

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task, and all the comrades in the Party must work single-mindedly and with fortitude to reach this goal.The state should give more support to rural areas and the central and western regions to accelerate their reform and opening up, strengthen their capacity for development and raise their living standards.We should encourage areas with good conditions to keep taking the lead in pursuing modernization and to make greater contribution to nationwide reform and development.四、加快完善社会主义市场经济体制和加快转变经济发展方式

IV.Accelerating the Improvement of the Socialist Market Economy and the Change of the Growth Model 以经济建设为中心是兴国之要，发展仍是解决我国所有问题的关键。只有推动经济持续健康发展，才能筑牢国家繁荣富强、人民幸福安康、社会和谐稳定的物质基础。必须坚持发展是硬道理的战略思想，决不能有丝毫动摇。

Taking economic development as the central task is vital to national renewal, and development still holds the key to addressing all the problems we have in China.Only by promoting sustained and sound economic development can we lay a solid material foundation for enhancing the country’s prosperity and strength, improving the people’s wellbeing and ensuring social harmony and stability.We must unwaveringly adhere to the strategic thinking that only development counts.在当代中国，坚持发展是硬道理的本质要求就是坚持科学发展。以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，是关系我国发展全局的战略抉择。要适应国内外经济形势新变化，加快形成新的经济发展方式，把推动发展的立足点转到提高质量和效益上来，着力激发各类市场主体发展新活力，着力增强创新驱动发展新动力，着力构建现代产业发展新体系，着力培育开放型经济发展新优势，使经济发展更多依靠内需特别是消费需求拉动，更多依靠现代服务业和战略性新兴产业带动，更多依靠科技进步、劳动者素质提高、管理创新驱动，更多依靠节约资源和循环经济推动，更多依靠城乡区域发展协调互动，不断增强长期发展后劲。In contemporary China, pursuing development in a scientific way best embodies the thinking that only development counts.Taking the pursuit of development in a scientific way as the underlying guideline and accelerating the change of the growth model as a major task is a strategic choice we have made for promoting China’s overall development.In response to changes in both domestic and international economic developments, we should speed up the creation of a new growth model and ensure that development is based on improved quality and performance.We should fire all types of market participants with new vigor for development, increase motivation for pursuing innovation-driven development, establish a new system for developing modern industries, and create new favorable conditions for developing the open economy.This will make economic development driven more by domestic demand, especially consumer demand, by a modern service industry and strategic emerging industries, by scientific and technological progress, by a workforce of higher quality and innovation in management, by resource conservation and a circular economy, and by coordinated and mutually reinforcing urban-rural development and development between regions.Taking these steps will enable us to sustain long-term development.坚持走中国特色新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化道路，推动信息化和工业化深度融合、工业化和城镇化良性互动、城镇化和农业现代化相互协调，促进工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展。

We should keep to the Chinese-style path of carrying out industrialization in a new way and advancing IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization.We should promote integration of IT application and industrialization, interaction between industrialization and

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urbanization, and coordination between urbanization and agricultural modernization, thus promoting harmonized development of industrialization, IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization.（一）全面深化经济体制改革。深化改革是加快转变经济发展方式的关键。经济体制改革的核心问题是处理好政府和市场的关系，必须更加尊重市场规律，更好发挥政府作用。要毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，推行公有制多种实现形式，深化国有企业改革，完善各类国有资产管理体制，推动国有资本更多投向关系国家安全和国民经济命脉的重要行业和关键领域，不断增强国有经济活力、控制力、影响力。毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展，保证各种所有制经济依法平等使用生产要素、公平参与市场竞争、同等受到法律保护。健全现代市场体系，加强宏观调控目标和政策手段机制化建设。加快改革财税体制，健全中央和地方财力与事权相匹配的体制，完善促进基本公共服务均等化和主体功能区建设的公共财政体系，构建地方税体系，形成有利于结构优化、社会公平的税收制度。建立公共资源出让收益合理共享机制。深化金融体制改革，健全促进宏观经济稳定、支持实体经济发展的现代金融体系，加快发展多层次资本市场，稳步推进利率和汇率市场化改革，逐步实现人民币资本项目可兑换。加快发展民营金融机构。完善金融监管，推进金融创新，提高银行、证券、保险等行业竞争力，维护金融稳定。

1.Deepen economic structural reform across the board Deepening reform is crucial for accelerating the change of the growth model.The underlying issue we face in economic structural reform is how to strike a balance between the role of the government and that of the market, and we should follow more closely the rules of the market and better play the role of the government.We should unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy;allow public ownership to take diverse forms;deepen reform of state-owned enterprises;improve the mechanisms for managing all types of state assets;and invest more of state capital in major industries and key fields that comprise the lifeline of the economy and are vital to national security.We should thus steadily enhance the vitality of the state-owned sector of the economy and its capacity to leverage and influence the economy.At the same time, we must unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector, and ensure that economic entities under all forms of ownership have equal access to factors of production in accordance with the law, compete on a level playing field and are protected by the law as equals.We should improve the modern market system and strengthen institutional procedures for setting macro-regulation targets and employing policy tools.We should accelerate the reform of the fiscal and taxation systems and ensure that the central and local governments have sufficient financial resources to exercise their respective powers and fulfill their respective responsibilities.We should improve the public finance system to ensure equal access to basic public services and promote the building of functional zones.We should also institute local tax systems and improve the structure of the taxation system to promote social fairness.We should establish a mechanism for equitable sharing of proceeds from public resource transfers.We should deepen reform of the financial system and improve the modern financial system so that it will better contribute to macroeconomic stability and support development of the real economy.We should accelerate development of a multilevel capital market, take steady steps to make interest rates and the RMB exchange rate more market-based, and promote the RMB’s convertibility under capital accounts in due course.We should speed up the development of private financial institutions.We should improve financial supervision and oversight, promote financial innovations, improve the competitiveness of banking, securities, insurance and other sectors, and ensure

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financial stability.（二）实施创新驱动发展战略。科技创新是提高社会生产力和综合国力的战略支撑，必须摆在国家发展全局的核心位置。要坚持走中国特色自主创新道路，以全球视野谋划和推动创新，提高原始创新、集成创新和引进消化吸收再创新能力，更加注重协同创新。深化科技体制改革，推动科技和经济紧密结合，加快建设国家创新体系，着力构建以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系。完善知识创新体系，强化基础研究、前沿技术研究、社会公益技术研究，提高科学研究水平和成果转化能力，抢占科技发展战略制高点。实施国家科技重大专项，突破重大技术瓶颈。加快新技术新产品新工艺研发应用，加强技术集成和商业模式创新。完善科技创新评价标准、激励机制、转化机制。实施知识产权战略，加强知识产权保护。促进创新资源高效配置和综合集成，把全社会智慧和力量凝聚到创新发展上来。2.Implement the strategy of innovation-driven development Scientific and technological innovation provides strategic support for raising the productive forces and boosting the overall national strength, and we must give it top priority in overall national development.We should follow a path of making innovation with Chinese features and take steps to promote innovation to catch up with global advances.We should increase our capacity for making original innovation and integrated innovation and for making further innovation on the basis of absorbing advances in overseas science and technology, and place greater emphasis on making innovation through collaboration.We should deepen reform of the system for managing science and technology, promote close integration of science and technology with economic development, and speed up the development of the national innovation system.We should establish a system of technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market points the way, and enterprises, universities and research institutes work together.We should improve the knowledge-based innovation system, and strengthen basic research, research in frontier technologies, and public benefit-oriented research and development;and we should improve research and our capacity for applying research results to production to ensure that we can obtain the leading strategic position in research and development.We should launch important national science and technology projects to remove major technological bottlenecks.We should speed up the research, development and application of new technologies, products and production processes, strengthen innovation in integration of technologies and develop new business models.We should improve standards for evaluating scientific and technological innovations and mechanisms for rewarding such innovations and applying them to production.We should implement the strategy concerning intellectual property rights and strengthen their protection.We should efficiently allocate and fully integrate innovation resources, and ensure that the wisdom and strength of the whole society are directed toward promoting innovation-driven development.（三）推进经济结构战略性调整。这是加快转变经济发展方式的主攻方向。必须以改善需求结构、优化产业结构、促进区域协调发展、推进城镇化为重点，着力解决制约经济持续健康发展的重大结构性问题。要牢牢把握扩大内需这一战略基点，加快建立扩大消费需求长效机制，释放居民消费潜力，保持投资合理增长，扩大国内市场规模。牢牢把握发展实体经济这一坚实基础，实行更加有利于实体经济发展的政策措施，强化需求导向，推动战略性新兴产业、先进制造业健康发展，加快传统产业转型升级，推动服务业特别是现代服务业发展壮大，合理布局建设基础设施和基础产业。建设下一代信息基础设施，发展现代信息技术产业体系，健全信息安全保障体系，推进信息网络技术广泛运用。提高大中型企业核心竞争力，支持小微企业特别是科技型小微企业发展。继续实施区域发展总体战略，充分发挥各地区比较优势，优先推进西部大开发，全面振兴东北地区等老工业基地，大力促进中部地区崛起，积极支持 22

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东部地区率先发展。采取对口支援等多种形式，加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区、贫困地区扶持力度。科学规划城市群规模和布局，增强中小城市和小城镇产业发展、公共服务、吸纳就业、人口集聚功能。加快改革户籍制度，有序推进农业转移人口市民化，努力实现城镇基本公共服务常住人口全覆盖。

3.Carry out strategic adjustment of the economic structure This is the major goal of accelerating the change of the growth model.We must strive to remove major structural barriers to sustained and sound economic development, with a focus on improving the demand mix and the industrial structure, promoting balanced development between regions and advancing urbanization.We should firmly maintain the strategic focus of boosting domestic demand, speed up the establishment of a long-term mechanism for increasing consumer demand, unleash the potential of individual consumption, increase investment at a proper pace, and expand the domestic market.We should focus on developing the real economy as a firm foundation of the economy.We should adopt policies and measures to better facilitate the development of the real economy.We should make the economy more demand-driven, promote the sound growth of strategic emerging industries and advanced manufacturing industries, speed up the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, develop and expand the service sector, especially modern service industries, and make the geographical and structural layout of the development of infrastructure and basic industries more balanced.We should develop next-generation information infrastructure and modern IT industry, better ensure information security, and promote the application of information network technologies.We should enhance the core competitiveness of large and medium-sized enterprises and support development of small and micro businesses, especially small and micro science and technology companies.We should continue to implement the master strategy for regional development and fully leverage the comparative advantages of different regions.We should give high priority to large-scale development of the western region, fully revitalize old industrial bases in northeast China, work vigorously to promote the rise of the central region, and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We should increase support for old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas through pairing assistance and other means.We should make scientific plans for the scale and layout of urban agglomerations;and we should make small and medium-sized cities and small towns better able to develop industries, provide public services, create jobs, and attract population.We should accelerate reform of the household registration system, conduct registration of rural migrant workers as permanent urban residents in an orderly way, and endeavor to ensure that all permanent urban residents have access to basic urban public services.（四）推动城乡发展一体化。解决好农业农村农民问题是全党工作重中之重，城乡发展一体化是解决“三农”问题的根本途径。要加大统筹城乡发展力度，增强农村发展活力，逐步缩小城乡差距，促进城乡共同繁荣。坚持工业反哺农业、城市支持农村和多予少取放活方针，加大强农惠农富农政策力度，让广大农民平等参与现代化进程、共同分享现代化成果。加快发展现代农业，增强农业综合生产能力，确保国家粮食安全和重要农产品有效供给。坚持把国家基础设施建设和社会事业发展重点放在农村，深入推进新农村建设和扶贫开发，全面改善农村生产生活条件。着力促进农民增收，保持农民收入持续较快增长。坚持和完善农村基本经营制度，依法维护农民土地承包经营权、宅基地使用权、集体收益分配权，壮大集体经济实力，发展农民专业合作和股份合作，培育新型经营主体，发展多种形式规模经营，构建集约化、专业化、组织化、社会化相结合的新型农业经营体系。改革征地制度，提高农民在 23

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土地增值收益中的分配比例。加快完善城乡发展一体化体制机制，着力在城乡规划、基础设施、公共服务等方面推进一体化，促进城乡要素平等交换和公共资源均衡配置，形成以工促农、以城带乡、工农互惠、城乡一体的新型工农、城乡关系。4.Integrate urban and rural development Resolving issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers is the number one priority in the Party’s work, and integrating urban and rural development provides the fundamental solution to these issues.We should better balance urban and rural development, boost rural development, work to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, and promote their common prosperity.We should continue to encourage industry to support agriculture in return for agriculture’s earlier contribution to its development and encourage cities to support rural areas.We should give more to farmers, take less from them and lift restrictions over their economic activities.We should increase policy support to boost agriculture, benefit farmers and increase rural prosperity, and encourage the rural population to participate in modernization on an equal footing and share in its fruits.We should speed up the development of modern agriculture, raise the overall production capacity of agriculture, and ensure food security and effective supply of major agricultural products in China.We should give high priority to rural areas in developing infrastructure and social programs in the country.We should work harder to build new rural areas, carry out programs of poverty alleviation through development and fully improve rural working and living conditions.We should ensure sustained and fast growth of rural income.We should uphold and improve the basic system for rural operations and protect in accordance with the law farmers’ rights to farm the land they have contracted, to use the land on which their houses sit, and to share in the proceeds from rural collective operations.We should strengthen the collective economy, develop specialized cooperatives and joint stock partnerships for farmers, foster new types of agricultural business entities, and develop large-scale agricultural operations in diverse forms.We should establish a new type of system for intensive agricultural operations that are specialized, well organized and commercialized.We should reform the land expropriation system and increase the share of gain in land value to farmers.We should speed up improvements to institutions and mechanisms for promoting integrated urban and rural development, with a focus on integrating urban and rural planning, infrastructure and public services.We should ensure equal exchange of factors of production between urban and rural areas and balance allocation of public resources between them.What we aim to achieve is a new type of relations between industry and agriculture and between urban and rural areas in which industry promotes agriculture, urban areas support rural development, agriculture and industry benefit each other, and there is integrated urban and rural development.（五）全面提高开放型经济水平。适应经济全球化新形势，必须实行更加积极主动的开放战略，完善互利共赢、多元平衡、安全高效的开放型经济体系。要加快转变对外经济发展方式，推动开放朝着优化结构、拓展深度、提高效益方向转变。创新开放模式，促进沿海内陆沿边开放优势互补，形成引领国际经济合作和竞争的开放区域，培育带动区域发展的开放高地。坚持出口和进口并重，强化贸易政策和产业政策协调，形成以技术、品牌、质量、服务为核心的出口竞争新优势，促进加工贸易转型升级，发展服务贸易，推动对外贸易平衡发展。提高利用外资综合优势和总体效益，推动引资、引技、引智有机结合。加快走出去步伐，增强企业国际化经营能力，培育一批世界水平的跨国公司。统筹双边、多边、区域次区域开放合作，加快实施自由贸易区战略，推动同周边国家互联互通。提高抵御国际经济风险能力。5.Promote all-around improvements to China’s open economy

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In response to new developments in economic globalization, we must implement a more proactive opening up strategy and improve the open economy so that it promotes mutual benefit and is diversified, balanced, secure and efficient.We should move faster to change the way the external-oriented economy grows, and make China’s open economy become better structured, expand in scope and yield greater returns.We should make innovations in the mode of opening up;encourage coastal, inland and border areas to draw on each other’s strengths in opening up;develop open areas that take the lead in global economic cooperation and competition;and form leading areas of opening up that drive regional development.We should continue to attach equal importance to export and import, better coordinate trade and industrial policies, and make China’s exports more competitive in terms of technology, brand, quality and service.We should transform and upgrade processing trade, develop service trade, and promote balanced development of foreign trade.We should make full use of our overall advantageous position in utilizing foreign capital and make better use of such investment.We should step up efforts to attract investment, technology and high-caliber professionals from overseas.Chinese companies should expand overseas presence at a faster pace, enhance their operation in an international environment, and develop a number of world-class multinational corporations.We should make overall planning for bilateral, multilateral, regional and sub-regional opening up and cooperation, accelerate implementation of the strategy of building free trade areas, and promote infrastructure connectivity with our neighboring countries.We should become better able to defuse international economic risks.我们一定要坚定信心，打胜全面深化经济体制改革和加快转变经济发展方式这场硬仗，把我国经济发展活力和竞争力提高到新的水平。

We must have firm confidence in winning the tough battle of deepening reform of the economic structure across the board and of accelerating the change of the growth model so as to increase the vitality and competitiveness of China’s economy.五、坚持走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路和推进政治体制改革

V.Keeping to the Socialist Path of Making Political Advance with Chinese Characteristics and Promoting Reform of the Political Structure 人民民主是我们党始终高扬的光辉旗帜。改革开放以来，我们总结发展社会主义民主正反两方面经验，强调人民民主是社会主义的生命，坚持国家一切权力属于人民，不断推进政治体制改革，社会主义民主政治建设取得重大进展，成功开辟和坚持了中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，为实现最广泛的人民民主确立了正确方向。

People’s democracy is a brilliant banner that has always been held high by our Party.Since the policy of reform and opening up was introduced, we have reviewed our experience, both positive and negative, in developing socialist democracy and reaffirmed that people’s democracy is the life of socialism.We have ensured that all power of the state belongs to the people and worked to steadily promote reform of the political structure.As a result, we have made major progress in developing socialist democracy and opened up and kept to the socialist path of making political advance with Chinese characteristics, thus charting the correct course for achieving the most extensive possible people’s democracy in China.政治体制改革是我国全面改革的重要组成部分。必须继续积极稳妥推进政治体制改革，发展更加广泛、更加充分、更加健全的人民民主。必须坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，以保证人民当家作主为根本，以增强党和国家活力、调动人民积极性为目标，扩 25

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大社会主义民主，加快建设社会主义法治国家，发展社会主义政治文明。要更加注重改进党的领导方式和执政方式，保证党领导人民有效治理国家；更加注重健全民主制度、丰富民主形式，保证人民依法实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督；更加注重发挥法治在国家治理和社会管理中的重要作用，维护国家法制统一、尊严、权威，保证人民依法享有广泛权利和自由。要把制度建设摆在突出位置，充分发挥我国社会主义政治制度优越性，积极借鉴人类政治文明有益成果，绝不照搬西方政治制度模式。

The reform of the political structure is an important part of China’s overall reform.We must continue to make both active and prudent efforts to carry out the reform of the political structure, and make people’s democracy more extensive, fuller in scope and sounder in practice.We must ensure the unity of the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country and law-based governance.To guarantee the fundamental position of the people as masters of the country and to reach the goal of enhancing the vitality of the Party and country and keeping the people fully motivated, we should expand socialist democracy, accelerate the building of a socialist country based on the rule of law, and promote socialist political progress.We should place greater emphasis on improving the way the Party exercises leadership and governance to ensure that it leads the people in effectively governing the country.We should attach greater importance to improving the system of democracy and diversifying the forms of democracy to ensure that the people conduct democratic elections, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law.We should give greater scope to the important role the rule of law plays in the country’s governance and in social management, uphold the unity, sanctity and authority of the country’s legal system and ensure that the people enjoy extensive rights and freedoms as prescribed by law.We should place high importance on systemic building, give full play to the strength of the socialist political system and draw on the political achievements of other societies.However, we will never copy a Western political system.（一）支持和保证人民通过人民代表大会行使国家权力。人民代表大会制度是保证人民当家作主的根本政治制度。要善于使党的主张通过法定程序成为国家意志，支持人大及其常委会充分发挥国家权力机关作用，依法行使立法、监督、决定、任免等职权，加强立法工作组织协调，加强对“一府两院”的监督，加强对政府全口径预算决算的审查和监督。提高基层人大代表特别是一线工人、农民、知识分子代表比例，降低党政领导干部代表比例。在人大设立代表联络机构，完善代表联系群众制度。健全国家权力机关组织制度，优化常委会、专委会组成人员知识和年龄结构，提高专职委员比例，增强依法履职能力。

1.Support and ensure the exercise of state power by the people through people’s congresses The system of people’s congresses is China’s fundamental political system for guaranteeing that the people decide their own destiny.We should make good use of legal procedures to turn the Party’s propositions into the will of the state.We should support people’s congresses and their standing committees in fully playing their role as organs of state power, in exercising legislative, oversight, policymaking, and personnel appointment and dismissal powers in accordance with the law, in strengthening organization and coordination of legislative work, in stepping up their oversight of people’s governments, courts and procuratorates, and in tightening examination and oversight of all government budgets and final accounts.The proportion of community-level deputies to people’s congresses, particularly those elected from among workers, farmers and intellectuals on the frontlines of various fields of endeavor should be raised, while that of deputies from among leading Party and government officials should be reduced.Deputy liaison offices should be established in people’s congresses to improve the mechanism for deputies to maintain

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contact with the people.The organizational system for organs of state power should be improved.The age mix of the members of the standing committees and special committees of people’s congresses should be improved and the areas of their expertise should be widened.The proportion of the full-time members of these committees should be raised.Deputies to people’s congresses and members of these committees should enhance their capability to perform their duties pursuant to law.（二）健全社会主义协商民主制度。社会主义协商民主是我国人民民主的重要形式。要完善协商民主制度和工作机制，推进协商民主广泛、多层、制度化发展。通过国家政权机关、政协组织、党派团体等渠道，就经济社会发展重大问题和涉及群众切身利益的实际问题广泛协商，广纳群言、广集民智，增进共识、增强合力。坚持和完善中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度，充分发挥人民政协作为协商民主重要渠道作用，围绕团结和民主两大主题，推进政治协商、民主监督、参政议政制度建设，更好协调关系、汇聚力量、建言献策、服务大局。加强同民主党派的政治协商。把政治协商纳入决策程序，坚持协商于决策之前和决策之中，增强民主协商实效性。深入进行专题协商、对口协商、界别协商、提案办理协商。积极开展基层民主协商。

2.Improve the system of socialist consultative democracy Socialist consultative democracy is an important form of people’s democracy in our country.We should improve its institutions and work mechanisms and promote its extensive, multilevel, and institutionalized development.Extensive consultations should be carried out on major issues relating to economic and social development as well as specific problems involving the people’s immediate interests through organs of state power, committees of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, political parties, people’s organizations and other channels to solicit a wide range of opinions, pool wisdom of the people, increase consensus, and build up synergy.We should adhere to and improve the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and make the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference serve as a major channel for conducting consultative democracy.The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference should, focusing on the themes of unity and democracy, improve systems of political consultation, democratic oversight, and participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs, and deliver a better job in coordinating relations, pooling strength and making proposals in the overall interests of the country.We should strengthen political consultation with the democratic parties, make political consultation a part of the policymaking process, conduct consultations before and when policy decisions are made, and make democratic consultation more effective.We should conduct intensive consultations on special issues with those who work on these issues, with representatives from all sectors of society, and with relevant government authorities on the handling of proposals.We should actively carry out democratic consultation at the community level.（三）完善基层民主制度。在城乡社区治理、基层公共事务和公益事业中实行群众自我管理、自我服务、自我教育、自我监督，是人民依法直接行使民主权利的重要方式。要健全基层党组织领导的充满活力的基层群众自治机制，以扩大有序参与、推进信息公开、加强议事协商、强化权力监督为重点，拓宽范围和途径，丰富内容和形式，保障人民享有更多更切实的民主权利。全心全意依靠工人阶级，健全以职工代表大会为基本形式的企事业单位民主管理制度，保障职工参与管理和监督的民主权利。发挥基层各类组织协同作用，实现政府管理和基层民主有机结合。

3.Improve community-level democracy

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An important way for the people to directly exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law is for them to conduct self-management, self-service, self-education, and self-oversight in exercising urban and rural community governance, in managing community-level public affairs and in running public service programs.We should improve the mechanism for community-level self-governance under the leadership of community-level Party organizations to make it full of vitality.We should broaden the scope and channels of such self-governance and enrich its content and forms, with the focus on expanding orderly participation, promoting transparency in information, improving deliberation and consultation on public affairs, and strengthening oversight of the exercise of power, to ensure that the people have greater and more tangible democratic rights.We should rely wholeheartedly on the working class, improve the democratic management system in enterprises and public institutions with workers and employees’ congress as its basic form, and protect workers and employees’ democratic rights to participate in management and oversight.Community-level organizations of various types should also get involved to integrate government administration and community-level democracy.（四）全面推进依法治国。法治是治国理政的基本方式。要推进科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法，坚持法律面前人人平等，保证有法必依、执法必严、违法必究。完善中国特色社会主义法律体系，加强重点领域立法，拓展人民有序参与立法途径。推进依法行政，切实做到严格规范公正文明执法。进一步深化司法体制改革，坚持和完善中国特色社会主义司法制度，确保审判机关、检察机关依法独立公正行使审判权、检察权。深入开展法制宣传教育，弘扬社会主义法治精神，树立社会主义法治理念，增强全社会学法尊法守法用法意识。提高领导干部运用法治思维和法治方式深化改革、推动发展、化解矛盾、维护稳定能力。党领导人民制定宪法和法律，党必须在宪法和法律范围内活动。任何组织或者个人都不得有超越宪法和法律的特权，绝不允许以言代法、以权压法、徇私枉法。4.Promote law-based governance of the country in an all-around way The rule of law is the basic way for running the country.We should make laws in a scientific way, enforce them strictly, administer justice impartially, and ensure that everyone abides by the law.We must make sure that all are equal before the law and that laws are observed and strictly enforced and lawbreakers are prosecuted.We should improve the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics, strengthen legislation in key areas, and expand channels for people’s orderly participation in the legislative process.We should exercise government administration in accordance with the law and ensure that law enforcement is conducted in a strict, fair, and civilized way according to due procedures.We should continue to deepen reform of the judicial structure, uphold and improve the socialist judicial system with Chinese characteristics, and ensure that judicial and procuratorial bodies independently and impartially exercise their respective powers pursuant to law.We should carry out intensive publicity and education about the law, foster socialist spirit of the rule of law, and adopt the socialist concept of law-based governance.We should enhance the whole society’s awareness of the need to study, respect, observe, and apply the law.We should ensure that leading officials are guided by law in both thinking and action in their effort to deepen reform, promote development, solve problems, and maintain stability.As the Constitution and laws are adopted by the Party and the people under its leadership, the Party must act within the scope prescribed by the Constitution and laws.No organization or individual has the privilege of overstepping the Constitution and laws, and no one in a position of power is allowed in any way to take one’s own words as the law, place one’s own authority above the law or abuse the law.@CATTI考试资料与资讯

（五）深化行政体制改革。行政体制改革是推动上层建筑适应经济基础的必然要求。要按照建立中国特色社会主义行政体制目标，深入推进政企分开、政资分开、政事分开、政社分开，建设职能科学、结构优化、廉洁高效、人民满意的服务型政府。深化行政审批制度改革，继续简政放权，推动政府职能向创造良好发展环境、提供优质公共服务、维护社会公平正义转变。稳步推进大部门制改革，健全部门职责体系。优化行政层级和行政区划设置，有条件的地方可探索省直接管理县（市）改革，深化乡镇行政体制改革。创新行政管理方式，提高政府公信力和执行力，推进政府绩效管理。严格控制机构编制，减少领导职数，降低行政成本。推进事业单位分类改革。完善体制改革协调机制，统筹规划和协调重大改革。5.Deepen reform of the administrative system Reform of the administrative system is a necessary requirement for making the superstructure compatible with the economic base.To reach the goal of establishing a socialist administrative system with Chinese characteristics, we should separate government administration from the management of enterprises, state assets, public institutions, and social organizations, and build a well-structured, clean and efficient service-oriented government that has scientifically defined functions and satisfies the people.We should deepen the reform of the system concerning matters subject to government examination and approval, continue to streamline administration and delegate more power to lower levels, and make the government better perform its functions of creating a favorable environment for development, providing quality public services, and maintaining social fairness and justice.We should steadily advance the reform to establish larger government departments and improve division of functions among them.We should improve the structure of administrative setup and geographical administrative divisions, experiment with the reform to place counties and county-level cities directly under the jurisdiction of provincial governments where conditions permit, and deepen reform of the administrative system at the town and township level.We should exercise government administration in an innovative way, increase public trust in the government, and improve its competence so as to make the government performance-oriented.We should strictly control the size of government bodies, cut the numbers of their leading officials, and reduce their administrative costs.We should continue the reform of public institutions based on the classification of their functions.We should improve the mechanism for coordinating structural reforms and conduct major reforms in a holistic way according to the overall plan.（六）健全权力运行制约和监督体系。坚持用制度管权管事管人，保障人民知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权，是权力正确运行的重要保证。要确保决策权、执行权、监督权既相互制约又相互协调，确保国家机关按照法定权限和程序行使权力。坚持科学决策、民主决策、依法决策，健全决策机制和程序，发挥思想库作用，建立健全决策问责和纠错制度。凡是涉及群众切身利益的决策都要充分听取群众意见，凡是损害群众利益的做法都要坚决防止和纠正。推进权力运行公开化、规范化，完善党务公开、政务公开、司法公开和各领域办事公开制度，健全质询、问责、经济责任审计、引咎辞职、罢免等制度，加强党内监督、民主监督、法律监督、舆论监督，让人民监督权力，让权力在阳光下运行。

6.Improve the mechanism for conducting checks and oversight over the exercise of power To ensure proper exercise of power, it is important to put power, Party and government operations and personnel management under institutional checks and uphold people’s right to stay informed about, participate in, express views on, and oversee Party and government operations.We should make sure that decision-making, executive and oversight powers check each other and function in concert and that government bodies exercise their powers in accordance with statutory mandate

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and procedures.We should continue to conduct scientific, democratic, and law-based policymaking, improve decision-making mechanisms and procedures, seek advice of think tanks, and establish sound mechanisms for decision-making accountability and remedy.Whenever we make a decision involving the immediate interests of the people, we must solicit their views on it.We must not do anything that may harm the interests of the people and must correct any action that causes damage to their interests.We should make the exercise of power more open and standardized, and increase transparency of Party, government and judicial operations and official operations in other fields.We should improve the systems of inquiry, accountability, economic responsibility auditing, resignation and dismissal.We should tighten intra-Party, democratic and legal oversight as well as oversight through public opinion to ensure that the people oversee the exercise of power and that power is exercised in a transparent manner.（七）巩固和发展最广泛的爱国统一战线。统一战线是凝聚各方面力量，促进政党关系、民族关系、宗教关系、阶层关系、海内外同胞关系的和谐，夺取中国特色社会主义新胜利的重要法宝。要高举爱国主义、社会主义旗帜，巩固统一战线的思想政治基础，正确处理一致性和多样性的关系。坚持长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共的方针，加强同民主党派和无党派人士团结合作，促进思想上同心同德、目标上同心同向、行动上同心同行，加强党外代表人士队伍建设，选拔和推荐更多优秀党外人士担任各级国家机关领导职务。全面正确贯彻落实党的民族政策，坚持和完善民族区域自治制度，牢牢把握各民族共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展的主题，深入开展民族团结进步教育，加快民族地区发展，保障少数民族合法权益，巩固和发展平等团结互助和谐的社会主义民族关系，促进各民族和睦相处、和衷共济、和谐发展。全面贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针，发挥宗教界人士和信教群众在促进经济社会发展中的积极作用。鼓励和引导新的社会阶层人士为中国特色社会主义事业作出更大贡献。落实党的侨务政策，支持海外侨胞、归侨侨眷关心和参与祖国现代化建设与和平统一大业。7.Consolidate and develop the broadest possible patriotic united front The united front is a powerful instrument for winning new victory for socialism with Chinese characteristics by pooling the strength of all quarters and harmonizing relations between political parties, ethnic groups, religions, social groups and compatriots at home and overseas.We should hold high the banner of patriotism and socialism, consolidate the theoretical and political foundation of the united front, and strike a balance between commonality and diversity.Guided by the principle of long-term coexistence, mutual oversight, treating each other with sincerity and sharing of both good and bad times, we should strengthen unity and cooperation with the democratic parties and public figures without party affiliation, pursue the common goal with unity in thought and action, strengthen the ranks of non-Party representative figures and select and recommend more outstanding individuals with no Party affiliation for taking up leading positions in government bodies at all levels.We should fully and faithfully implement the Party’s policies concerning ethnic groups and uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy.We should, keeping to the goal of all ethnic groups working together for common prosperity and development, conduct intensive education about ethnic unity and progress, speed up development of ethnic minority areas, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of ethnic minorities.We should consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations of equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony so that all ethnic groups in China will live and develop together in harmony.We should comprehensively implement the Party’s basic policy on religion and fully leverage the positive role of religious figures and believers in promoting economic and social development.We should encourage and guide members of new social groups to contribute more to the cause of socialism

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with Chinese characteristics.We should continue to implement the Party’s policy on overseas Chinese affairs and support overseas Chinese, returned overseas Chinese and their families in endorsing and participating in China’s modernization endeavors and its great cause of peaceful reunification.中国特色社会主义政治发展道路是团结亿万人民共同奋斗的正确道路。我们一定要坚定不移沿着这条道路前进，使我国社会主义民主政治展现出更加旺盛的生命力。

The socialist path of making political advance with Chinese characteristics is a correct path that rallies people in their hundreds of millions in pursuing a common cause.We must advance unwaveringly along this path to ensure that China’s socialist democracy has ever greater vitality.六、扎实推进社会主义文化强国建设

VI.Developing a Strong Socialist Culture in China 文化是民族的血脉，是人民的精神家园。全面建成小康社会，实现中华民族伟大复兴，必须推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣，兴起社会主义文化建设新高潮，提高国家文化软实力，发挥文化引领风尚、教育人民、服务社会、推动发展的作用。

Culture is the lifeblood of a nation, and it gives the people a sense of belonging.To complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieve the great renewal of the Chinese nation, we must create a new surge in promoting socialist culture and bring about its great development and enrichment, increase China’s cultural soft power, and enable culture to guide social trends, educate the people, serve society, and boost development.建设社会主义文化强国，必须走中国特色社会主义文化发展道路，坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务的方向，坚持百花齐放、百家争鸣的方针，坚持贴近实际、贴近生活、贴近群众的原则，推动社会主义精神文明和物质文明全面发展，建设面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的，民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化。

To develop a strong socialist culture in China, we must take the socialist path of promoting cultural advance with Chinese characteristics.We should adhere to the goal of serving the people and socialism, the policy of having a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, and the principle of maintaining close contact with reality, life and the people.We should fully promote socialist cultural and ethical progress and material progress, and develop a national, scientific, and people-oriented socialist culture that embraces modernization, the world, and the future.建设社会主义文化强国，关键是增强全民族文化创造活力。要深化文化体制改革，解放和发展文化生产力，发扬学术民主、艺术民主，为人民提供广阔文化舞台，让一切文化创造源泉充分涌流，开创全民族文化创造活力持续迸发、社会文化生活更加丰富多彩、人民基本文化权益得到更好保障、人民思想道德素质和科学文化素质全面提高、中华文化国际影响力不断增强的新局面。To develop a strong socialist culture in China, it is critical to inspire the cultural creativity of the whole nation.We should deepen reform of the cultural sector, release and develop cultural productive forces, foster a democratic atmosphere in both academic research and artistic pursuit, create a vast cultural arena for the people and encourage the free flow of cultural inspiration from all sources.By doing so, we will open up a new horizon in promoting China’s cultural advance: The Chinese nation’s cultural creativity will continuously burst forth;China’s cultural life will flourish as never before;people’s basic cultural rights and interests will be better protected;the ethical and moral standards as well as the scientific and cultural standards of the people will be fully raised, and the international influence of Chinese culture will steadily

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increase.（一）加强社会主义核心价值体系建设。社会主义核心价值体系是兴国之魂，决定着中国特色社会主义发展方向。要深入开展社会主义核心价值体系学习教育，用社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮、凝聚社会共识。推进马克思主义中国化时代化大众化，坚持不懈用中国特色社会主义理论体系武装全党、教育人民，深入实施马克思主义理论研究和建设工程，建设哲学社会科学创新体系，推动中国特色社会主义理论体系进教材进课堂进头脑。广泛开展理想信念教育，把广大人民团结凝聚在中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜之下。大力弘扬民族精神和时代精神，深入开展爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义教育，丰富人民精神世界，增强人民精神力量。倡导富强、民主、文明、和谐，倡导自由、平等、公正、法治，倡导爱国、敬业、诚信、友善，积极培育和践行社会主义核心价值观。牢牢掌握意识形态工作领导权和主导权，坚持正确导向，提高引导能力，壮大主流思想舆论。1.Strengthen core socialist values Core socialist values are the soul of the Chinese nation and serve as the guide for building socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should carry out thorough study of and education in these values and use them to guide social trends of thought and forge public consensus.We should continue to adapt Marxism to China’s conditions in keeping up with the times and increase its appeal to the people, work hard to equip the whole Party with the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics and educate the people in these theories.We should further implement the national project to study and develop Marxist theory, build an innovation system in philosophy and the social sciences, incorporate the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics into the curriculum and make it a way of thinking.We should carry out extensive education about our ideal and conviction, and rally the people under the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should vigorously foster China’s national character and promote the underlying trend of the times, intensify education in patriotism, collectivism and socialism, and enrich people’s cultural life and enhance their moral strength.We should promote prosperity, democracy, civility, and harmony, uphold freedom, equality, justice and the rule of law and advocate patriotism, dedication, integrity, and friendship, so as to cultivate and observe core socialist values.We should maintain leadership and initiative in theoretical work, provide correct guidance, enhance our ability to guide public opinion, and strengthen the influence of the underlying trend of thought in our country.（二）全面提高公民道德素质。这是社会主义道德建设的基本任务。要坚持依法治国和以德治国相结合，加强社会公德、职业道德、家庭美德、个人品德教育，弘扬中华传统美德，弘扬时代新风。推进公民道德建设工程，弘扬真善美、贬斥假恶丑，引导人们自觉履行法定义务、社会责任、家庭责任，营造劳动光荣、创造伟大的社会氛围，培育知荣辱、讲正气、作奉献、促和谐的良好风尚。深入开展道德领域突出问题专项教育和治理，加强政务诚信、商务诚信、社会诚信和司法公信建设。加强和改进思想政治工作，注重人文关怀和心理疏导，培育自尊自信、理性平和、积极向上的社会心态。深化群众性精神文明创建活动，广泛开展志愿服务，推动学雷锋活动、学习宣传道德模范常态化。2.Improve civic morality in an all-around way This is the basic task for strengthening socialist morals.We should integrate the rule of law with the rule of virtue, intensify education in public morality, professional ethics, family virtues, and individual integrity, and advocate traditional Chinese virtues and new trends of the times.We should press ahead with the program for improving civic morality, exalt the true, the good, and the beautiful and reject the false, the evil, and the ugly.We should encourage people to willingly meet

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their statutory duties and obligations to society and family.We should create a social atmosphere in which work is honored and creation is lauded, and cultivate social trends of recognizing honor and disgrace, practicing integrity, encouraging dedication, and promoting harmony.We should carry out thorough education to address serious ethical problems, and step up efforts to enhance government integrity, business and social ethics and judicial integrity.We should strengthen and improve education in values, provide compassionate care and psychological counseling, and cultivate self-respect, self-confidence, a sense of being rational, composure, and a desire to excel oneself among the people.We should conduct more public activities to promote cultural and ethical progress, encourage volunteer service, and carry out regular activities to learn from paragons of virtue such as Lei Feng and publicize their exemplary deeds.（三）丰富人民精神文化生活。让人民享有健康丰富的精神文化生活，是全面建成小康社会的重要内容。要坚持以人民为中心的创作导向，提高文化产品质量，为人民提供更好更多精神食粮。坚持面向基层、服务群众，加快推进重点文化惠民工程，加大对农村和欠发达地区文化建设的帮扶力度，继续推动公共文化服务设施向社会免费开放。建设优秀传统文化传承体系，弘扬中华优秀传统文化。推广和规范使用国家通用语言文字。繁荣发展少数民族文化事业。开展群众性文化活动，引导群众在文化建设中自我表现、自我教育、自我服务。开展全民阅读活动。加强和改进网络内容建设，唱响网上主旋律。加强网络社会管理，推进网络依法规范有序运行。开展“扫黄打非”，抵制低俗现象。普及科学知识，弘扬科学精神，提高全民科学素养。广泛开展全民健身运动，促进群众体育和竞技体育全面发展。3.Enrich people’s intellectual and cultural lives Enabling the people to lead healthy and rich intellectual and cultural lives is an important part of our efforts to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We should pursue people-centered cultural creation, and create better cultural products to provide the people with more and better nourishments for the mind.We should be community-and people-focused in our cultural work, carry out at a faster pace key cultural projects that benefit the people, increase support for promoting cultural progress in rural areas and underdeveloped areas and open more public cultural service facilities to the public free of charge.We should develop a system for carrying forward fine traditional culture and promote outstanding traditional Chinese culture.We should extend and standardize the use of the standard Chinese language.We should promote the development and flourishing of cultural activities of ethnic minorities.We should carry out public cultural activities and guide the people to express, educate, and serve themselves in the course of developing culture.We should launch reading programs for the general public.We should improve the contents of online services and advocate healthy themes on the Internet.We should strengthen social management of the Internet and promote orderly network operation in accordance with laws and regulations.We should crack down on pornography and illegal publications and resist vulgar trends.We should extend scientific knowledge, foster respect for science, and make the whole nation better educated in science.We should carry out fitness activities across the country and fully promote both recreational and competitive sports.（四）增强文化整体实力和竞争力。文化实力和竞争力是国家富强、民族振兴的重要标志。要坚持把社会效益放在首位、社会效益和经济效益相统一，推动文化事业全面繁荣、文化产业快速发展。发展哲学社会科学、新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术事业。加强重大公共文化工程和文化项目建设，完善公共文化服务体系，提高服务效能。促进文化和科技融合，发展新型文化业态，提高文化产业规模化、集约化、专业化水平。构建和发展现代传播体系，提高传播能力。增强国有公益性文化单位活力，完善经营性文化单位法人治理结构，繁荣文化 33

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市场。扩大文化领域对外开放，积极吸收借鉴国外优秀文化成果。营造有利于高素质文化人才大量涌现、健康成长的良好环境，造就一批名家大师和民族文化代表人物，表彰有杰出贡献的文化工作者。

4.Enhance the overall strength and international competitiveness of Chinese culture The strength and international competitiveness of Chinese culture are an important indicator of China’s power and prosperity and the renewal of the Chinese nation.We should promote rapid development and all-around flourishing of the cultural industry and cultural services and ensure both social effect and economic benefits, with priority on the former.We should develop philosophy and the social sciences, the press and publishing, radio, television and films, and literature and art.We should launch more major public cultural projects and programs, improve the public cultural service system, and make such services more efficient.We should promote integration of culture with science and technology, develop new forms of cultural operations, and make cultural operations larger in size and more specialized.We should develop a modern communications network to improve our capacity for communications.We should invigorate state-owned non-profit cultural institutions, improve corporate governance of profit-oriented cultural entities, and create a thriving cultural market.We should open the cultural sector wider to the outside world and draw on cultural achievements of other countries.We should foster a fine environment that enables a large number of talented cultural figures, particularly eminent cultural figures and representatives of Chinese culture, to distinguish themselves in artistic pursuit.We should honor cultural personalities with outstanding contribution.我们一定要坚持社会主义先进文化前进方向，树立高度的文化自觉和文化自信，向着建设社会主义文化强国宏伟目标阔步前进。

We must adhere to the goal of advancing socialist culture, deepen our awareness of and confidence in Chinese culture, and strive to meet the grand goal of developing a strong socialist culture in China.七、在改善民生和创新管理中加强社会建设

VII.Strengthening Social Development by Improving the People’s Wellbeing and Making Innovations in Management 加强社会建设，是社会和谐稳定的重要保证。必须从维护最广大人民根本利益的高度，加快健全基本公共服务体系，加强和创新社会管理，推动社会主义和谐社会建设。

Strengthening social development is an important guarantee for maintaining social harmony and stability.We must intensify our efforts to improve the basic public service system, strengthen and make innovations in social management, and boost the building of a harmonious socialist society in order to uphold the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.加强社会建设，必须以保障和改善民生为重点。提高人民物质文化生活水平，是改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的根本目的。要多谋民生之利，多解民生之忧，解决好人民最关心最直接最现实的利益问题，在学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居上持续取得新进展，努力让人民过上更好生活。

In strengthening social development, we must give high priority to ensuring and improving the people’s wellbeing.To improve people’s material and cultural lives is the fundamental purpose of reform and opening up and socialist modernization.We should bring as much benefit as possible to the people, resolve as many difficulties as possible for them, and solve the most pressing and real problems of the greatest concern to them.We should keep making progress in ensuring that all

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the people enjoy their rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care, and housing so that they will lead a better life.加强社会建设，必须加快推进社会体制改革。要围绕构建中国特色社会主义社会管理体系，加快形成党委领导、政府负责、社会协同、公众参与、法治保障的社会管理体制，加快形成政府主导、覆盖城乡、可持续的基本公共服务体系，加快形成政社分开、权责明确、依法自治的现代社会组织体制，加快形成源头治理、动态管理、应急处置相结合的社会管理机制。To strengthen social development, we must accelerate social structural reform.With the aim of establishing a socialist system of social management with Chinese characteristics, we should quicken the pace of building the following mechanisms and systems: a law-based social management system featuring Party committee leadership, government execution, nongovernmental support and public participation;a basic public service system that is government-led and sustainable and covers both urban and rural areas;a system of modern social organizations in which functions of the government are separated from those of social organizations, rights and responsibilities are clearly established, and social organizations exercise autonomy in accordance with the law;and a social management mechanism that resolves public complaints at the source, exercises dynamic administration, and responds to emergencies.（一）努力办好人民满意的教育。教育是民族振兴和社会进步的基石。要坚持教育优先发展，全面贯彻党的教育方针，坚持教育为社会主义现代化建设服务、为人民服务，把立德树人作为教育的根本任务，培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。全面实施素质教育，深化教育领域综合改革，着力提高教育质量，培养学生社会责任感、创新精神、实践能力。办好学前教育，均衡发展九年义务教育，基本普及高中阶段教育，加快发展现代职业教育，推动高等教育内涵式发展，积极发展继续教育，完善终身教育体系，建设学习型社会。大力促进教育公平，合理配置教育资源，重点向农村、边远、贫困、民族地区倾斜，支持特殊教育，提高家庭经济困难学生资助水平，积极推动农民工子女平等接受教育，让每个孩子都能成为有用之才。鼓励引导社会力量兴办教育。加强教师队伍建设，提高师德水平和业务能力，增强教师教书育人的荣誉感和责任感。

1.Work hard to run education to the satisfaction of the people Education is the cornerstone of national renewal and social progress.We must give high priority to developing education, implement the Party’s education policy to the letter, ensure that education serves socialist modernization and the people, take fostering integrity and promoting rounded development of people as the fundamental task of education, and train participants of and successors to the socialist cause who develop morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically.We should provide well-rounded education for all students, deepen overall education reform, focus on improving the quality of education, and cultivate in students a sense of social responsibility, a spirit of innovation and the ability to acquire practical skills.We should develop preschool education, promote balanced development of nine-year compulsory education, make senior secondary education basically universal, accelerate development of modern vocational education, and bring out the full potential for development of higher education.We should actively develop continuing education, improve the system of lifelong education, and build a learning society.We should vigorously promote fairness in education, and ensure balanced allocation of educational resources with a focus on rural, remote, poor and ethnic minority areas.We should support special education, increase subsidies to students from poor families, and ensure that children of rural migrant workers in cities have equal access to education.All this is designed to help all children gain required knowledge and skills.We should encourage and guide

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nongovernmental entities to run educational programs.We should strengthen the ranks of teachers, and enhance their work ethics and professional competence as well as their sense of honor and responsibility as teachers.（二）推动实现更高质量的就业。就业是民生之本。要贯彻劳动者自主就业、市场调节就业、政府促进就业和鼓励创业的方针，实施就业优先战略和更加积极的就业政策。引导劳动者转变就业观念，鼓励多渠道多形式就业，促进创业带动就业，做好以高校毕业生为重点的青年就业工作和农村转移劳动力、城镇困难人员、退役军人就业工作。加强职业技能培训，提升劳动者就业创业能力，增强就业稳定性。健全人力资源市场，完善就业服务体系，增强失业保险对促进就业的作用。健全劳动标准体系和劳动关系协调机制，加强劳动保障监察和争议调解仲裁，构建和谐劳动关系。

2.Deliver a better job in creating employment Employment is crucial to the people’s wellbeing.We must implement the principle of promoting self-reliant employment, market-regulated employment and government-backed employment and entrepreneurship, the strategy of giving top priority to employment and a proactive employment policy.We should ensure that people have realistic expectations about employment, encourage creating employment through multiple channels and forms, and expand job opportunities by creating new businesses.We should increase job opportunities for young people, especially university graduates, the rural migrant labor force, urban residents who have difficulty finding jobs, and ex-servicepersons.We should strengthen vocational skill training;improve people’s ability to find jobs and start up their own businesses;and enhance employment stability.We should improve the human resources market and employment services, and make unemployment insurance play a bigger role in promoting employment.We should improve the system of labor standards and the mechanism for harmonizing labor relations, strengthen supervision of labor protection and labor dispute mediation and arbitration, and build harmonious labor relations.（三）千方百计增加居民收入。实现发展成果由人民共享，必须深化收入分配制度改革，努力实现居民收入增长和经济发展同步、劳动报酬增长和劳动生产率提高同步，提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重。初次分配和再分配都要兼顾效率和公平，再分配更加注重公平。完善劳动、资本、技术、管理等要素按贡献参与分配的初次分配机制，加快健全以税收、社会保障、转移支付为主要手段的再分配调节机制。深化企业和机关事业单位工资制度改革，推行企业工资集体协商制度，保护劳动所得。多渠道增加居民财产性收入。规范收入分配秩序，保护合法收入，增加低收入者收入，调节过高收入，取缔非法收入。

3.Make every effort to increase individual income To ensure that the people share in the fruits of development, we must deepen reform of the income distribution system, and increase individual income in step with economic development and work remuneration in step with improvement in labor productivity, and we should raise the share of individual income in the distribution of national income and increase the share of work remuneration in primary distribution.A proper balance should be struck between efficiency and fairness in both primary and secondary distribution, with particular emphasis on fairness in secondary distribution.We should improve the primary distribution system to allow factors of production such as labor, capital, technology and managerial expertise to have their due share of income according to their respective contribution;and we should take speedy steps to improve the mechanism of secondary distribution regulating income distribution mainly through taxation, social security, and transfer payments.We should deepen reform of the wage and salary system in

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enterprises, government bodies and public institutions, promote collective bargaining on wages in enterprises, and protect income earned through work.We should increase proprietary individual income through multiple channels.We should improve the way in which income is distributed, protect lawful income, increase the income of low-income groups, adjust excessively high income, and prohibit illicit income.（四）统筹推进城乡社会保障体系建设。社会保障是保障人民生活、调节社会分配的一项基本制度。要坚持全覆盖、保基本、多层次、可持续方针，以增强公平性、适应流动性、保证可持续性为重点，全面建成覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系。改革和完善企业和机关事业单位社会保险制度，整合城乡居民基本养老保险和基本医疗保险制度，逐步做实养老保险个人账户，实现基础养老金全国统筹，建立兼顾各类人员的社会保障待遇确定机制和正常调整机制。扩大社会保障基金筹资渠道，建立社会保险基金投资运营制度，确保基金安全和保值增值。完善社会救助体系，健全社会福利制度，支持发展慈善事业，做好优抚安置工作。建立市场配置和政府保障相结合的住房制度，加强保障性住房建设和管理，满足困难家庭基本需求。坚持男女平等基本国策，保障妇女儿童合法权益。积极应对人口老龄化，大力发展老龄服务事业和产业。健全残疾人社会保障和服务体系，切实保障残疾人权益。健全社会保障经办管理体制，建立更加便民快捷的服务体系。

4.Promote coordinated development of the social security system in urban and rural areas Social security is a basic system for ensuring people’s livelihood and adjusting social distribution.We should institute a complete, multi-tiered and sustainable system for providing basic social security for both the urban and rural population, with emphasis on making the system more equitable and sustainable and ensuring the smooth transfer of social security accounts between localities.We should reform and improve the social insurance system for enterprises as well as government bodies and public institutions, integrate the basic old-age insurance and basic medical insurance systems for non-working urban residents and the rural population, provide sufficient funding for personal accounts for old-age insurance in a phased way, place basic pensions under unified national planning, and establish mechanisms for setting standards on social security benefits and regularly adjusting them that give due consideration to the interests of people from all walks of life.We should widen channels for raising money for social security funds, introduce a system to manage investment operations of social insurance funds, and ensure that these funds are safe and appreciate over time.We should improve the social assistance system and the social welfare system, support the development of charities, and ensure preferential treatment to entitled groups.We should put in place a housing system that combines market supply and government support, strengthen construction and management of low-income housing, and better meet poor families’ basic housing needs.We should adhere to the basic state policy of gender equality and protect the legitimate rights and interests of women and children.We should actively address population aging and vigorously develop old-age services.We should improve the social security and service systems for the disabled and effectively protect their rights and interests.We should improve the mechanism for supervising the work of social security agencies and make social security services more convenient and efficient.（五）提高人民健康水平。健康是促进人的全面发展的必然要求。要坚持为人民健康服务的方向，坚持预防为主、以农村为重点、中西医并重，按照保基本、强基层、建机制要求，重点推进医疗保障、医疗服务、公共卫生、药品供应、监管体制综合改革，完善国民健康政策，为群众提供安全有效方便价廉的公共卫生和基本医疗服务。健全全民医保体系，建立重特大疾病保障和救助机制，完善突发公共卫生事件应急和重大疾病防控机制。巩固基本药物制度。37

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健全农村三级医疗卫生服务网络和城市社区卫生服务体系，深化公立医院改革，鼓励社会办医。扶持中医药和民族医药事业发展。提高医疗卫生队伍服务能力，加强医德医风建设。改革和完善食品药品安全监管体制机制。开展爱国卫生运动，促进人民身心健康。坚持计划生育的基本国策，提高出生人口素质，逐步完善政策，促进人口长期均衡发展。5.Improve people’s health Good health is a prerequisite for promoting well-rounded development of the person.Keeping to the goal of improving people’s health, we should put disease prevention first, make rural areas the focus of our work, support both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, establish a sound mechanism for basic medical and health care and strengthen such endeavor at the community level.We should give high priority to carrying out overall reform in medical insurance, medical treatment, public health, drug supply, and the mechanism of monitoring and supervision, and we should improve the policy for enhancing people’s health and provide them with safe, effective, convenient and affordable public health services and basic medical care.We should improve the medical insurance system that covers the whole population, establish a mechanism to provide insurance and aid in treating major and very serious diseases, and improve mechanisms for handling public health emergencies and for preventing and controlling major diseases.We should consolidate the system for using basic drugs.We should improve the rural medical and health service network at county, township and village levels and the system of urban community health services, deepen reform of public hospitals, and encourage the development of private hospitals.We should support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the traditional medicine of ethnic minorities.We should ensure that medical personnel provide better services and improve their work ethics.We should reform and improve institutions and mechanisms for managing and supervising food and drug safety.We should launch patriotic sanitation campaigns and ensure that people have good health and a sense of contentment.We must adhere to the basic state policy of family planning, improve the health of newborns, steadily improve the population policy and promote long-term and balanced population growth.（六）加强和创新社会管理。提高社会管理科学化水平，必须加强社会管理法律、体制机制、能力、人才队伍和信息化建设。改进政府提供公共服务方式，加强基层社会管理和服务体系建设，增强城乡社区服务功能，强化企事业单位、人民团体在社会管理和服务中的职责，引导社会组织健康有序发展，充分发挥群众参与社会管理的基础作用。完善和创新流动人口和特殊人群管理服务。正确处理人民内部矛盾，建立健全党和政府主导的维护群众权益机制，完善信访制度，完善人民调解、行政调解、司法调解联动的工作体系，畅通和规范群众诉求表达、利益协调、权益保障渠道。建立健全重大决策社会稳定风险评估机制。强化公共安全体系和企业安全生产基础建设，遏制重特大安全事故。加强和改进党对政法工作的领导，加强政法队伍建设，切实肩负起中国特色社会主义事业建设者、捍卫者的职责使命。深化平安建设，完善立体化社会治安防控体系，强化司法基本保障，依法防范和惩治违法犯罪活动，保障人民生命财产安全。完善国家安全战略和工作机制，高度警惕和坚决防范敌对势力的分裂、渗透、颠覆活动，确保国家安全。

6.Strengthen and make innovations in social management To conduct social management in a more scientific way, we must improve the laws, institutions and mechanisms concerning and capacity for social management, and train more personnel and promote IT application in this field.We should improve the way in which the government provides public services, strengthen the system of social management and services at the community level, and ensure that urban and rural communities provide better services.Enterprises，38

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public institutions and people’s organizations should play a better role in conducting social management and providing related services.We should guide social organizations to develop in a healthy and orderly way and fully leverage the fundamental role of the people in social management.We should improve and make innovations in the management relating to and services for the floating population and special groups.We should correctly handle problems among the people, and put in place a sound mechanism in which the Party and the government play the leading role in upholding the rights and interests of the people.We should improve the system for handling people’s complaints expressed in letters or visits, and improve the integrated system of mediation by the people, administrative mediation and judicial mediation.We should maintain regular and open channels for the people to voice their demands, for coordinating their interests and for protecting their rights and interests.We should establish a sound mechanism for assessing potential risks major policy decisions may pose to social stability.We should improve the public safety system and the workplace safety environment in enterprises to curb major and very serious accidents.We should strengthen and improve the Party’s leadership over the work of judicial, procuratorial, and public security organs, and strengthen their ranks, so that they can fulfill their duties in carrying forward and protecting the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should intensify efforts to ensure law and order, improve the multi-dimensional system for crime prevention and control, strengthen the infrastructure of judicial bodies, and prevent and punish criminal and illegal activities in accordance with the law to protect the people’s lives and property.We should improve the national security strategy and its work mechanism, and keep high vigilance against and resolutely forestall separatist activities and activities of infiltration and subversion carried out by hostile forces, so as to ensure national security.全党全国人民行动起来，就一定能开创社会和谐人人有责、和谐社会人人共享的生动局面。As long as the whole Party and all the people make concerted efforts, we can foster a dynamic environment in which everyone contributes to social harmony and benefits from a harmonious society.八、大力推进生态文明建设

VIII.Making Great Efforts to Promote Ecological Progress 建设生态文明，是关系人民福祉、关乎民族未来的长远大计。面对资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统退化的严峻形势，必须树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念，把生态文明建设放在突出地位，融入经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设各方面和全过程，努力建设美丽中国，实现中华民族永续发展。

Promoting ecological progress is a long-term task of vital importance to the people’s wellbeing and China’s future.Faced with increasing resource constraints, severe environmental pollution and a deteriorating ecosystem, we must raise our ecological awareness of the need to respect, accommodate to and protect nature.We must give high priority to making ecological progress and incorporate it into all aspects and the whole process of advancing economic, political, cultural, and social progress, work hard to build a beautiful country, and achieve lasting and sustainable development of the Chinese nation.坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策，坚持节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主的方针，着力推进绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展，形成节约资源和保护环境的空间格局、产业结构、生产方式、生活方式，从源头上扭转生态环境恶化趋势，为人民创造良好生产生活环境，为全球生态安全作出贡献。

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We should remain committed to the basic state policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment as well as the principle of giving high priority to conserving resources, protecting the environment and promoting its natural restoration, and strive for green, circular and low-carbon development.We should preserve our geographical space and improve our industrial structure, way of production and way of life in the interest of conserving resources and protecting the environment.We should address the root cause of deterioration of the ecological environment so as to reverse this trend, create a sound working and living environment for the people, and contribute our share to global ecological security.（一）优化国土空间开发格局。国土是生态文明建设的空间载体，必须珍惜每一寸国土。要按照人口资源环境相均衡、经济社会生态效益相统一的原则，控制开发强度，调整空间结构，促进生产空间集约高效、生活空间宜居适度、生态空间山清水秀，给自然留下更多修复空间，给农业留下更多良田，给子孙后代留下天蓝、地绿、水净的美好家园。加快实施主体功能区战略，推动各地区严格按照主体功能定位发展，构建科学合理的城市化格局、农业发展格局、生态安全格局。提高海洋资源开发能力，发展海洋经济，保护海洋生态环境，坚决维护国家海洋权益，建设海洋强国。

1.Improve development of China’s geographical space It is in geographical space that ecological progress can be advanced, and we must cherish every bit of it.Guided by the principle of maintaining balance between population, resources and the environment and promoting economic, social and ecological benefits, we should keep the pace of development under control and regulate its space composition.We should ensure that the space for production is used intensively and efficiently, that the living space is livable and proper in size, and that the ecological space is unspoiled and beautiful;and we should leave more space for nature to achieve self-renewal.We should keep more farmland for farmers, and leave to our future generations a beautiful homeland with green fields, clean water and a blue sky.We should ensure the speedy implementation of the functional zoning strategy and require all regions to pursue development in strict accordance with this strategy, and advance urbanization, agricultural development and ecological security in a scientific and balanced way.We should enhance our capacity for exploiting marine resources, develop the marine economy, protect the marine ecological environment, resolutely safeguard China’s maritime rights and interests, and build China into a maritime power.（二）全面促进资源节约。节约资源是保护生态环境的根本之策。要节约集约利用资源，推动资源利用方式根本转变，加强全过程节约管理，大幅降低能源、水、土地消耗强度，提高利用效率和效益。推动能源生产和消费革命，控制能源消费总量，加强节能降耗，支持节能低碳产业和新能源、可再生能源发展，确保国家能源安全。加强水源地保护和用水总量管理，推进水循环利用，建设节水型社会。严守耕地保护红线，严格土地用途管制。加强矿产资源勘查、保护、合理开发。发展循环经济，促进生产、流通、消费过程的减量化、再利用、资源化。

2.Promote all-around resource conservation Resource conservation is an important way to protect the ecological environment.We should conserve resources and use them efficiently and bring about a fundamental change in the way resources are utilized.We should strengthen conservation efforts all the way, drastically reduce energy, water and land consumption per unit of GDP, and use such resources in a better and more efficient way.We should launch a revolution in energy production and consumption, impose a ceiling on total energy consumption, save energy and reduce its consumption.We should support

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the development of energy-efficient and low-carbon industries, new energy sources and renewable energy sources and ensure China’s energy security.We should better protect water sources, impose a cap on total water consumption, promote water recycling, and build a water-conserving society.We should ensure that the red line for protecting farmland is not crossed and strictly control land uses.We should strengthen exploration, protection and proper exploitation of mineral resources.We should develop a circular economy to reduce waste and resource consumption, reuse resources and recycle waste in the process of production, distribution and consumption.（三）加大自然生态系统和环境保护力度。良好生态环境是人和社会持续发展的根本基础。要实施重大生态修复工程，增强生态产品生产能力，推进荒漠化、石漠化、水土流失综合治理，扩大森林、湖泊、湿地面积，保护生物多样性。加快水利建设，增强城乡防洪抗旱排涝能力。加强防灾减灾体系建设，提高气象、地质、地震灾害防御能力。坚持预防为主、综合治理，以解决损害群众健康突出环境问题为重点，强化水、大气、土壤等污染防治。坚持共同但有区别的责任原则、公平原则、各自能力原则，同国际社会一道积极应对全球气候变化。3.Intensify protection of the ecosystem and the environment A sound ecological environment is the fundamental basis for sustainable human and social development.We should launch major projects for restoring the ecosystem, increase our capacity for producing ecological products, take integrated steps to control desertification, stony deserts and soil erosion, enlarge forests, lakes and wetlands, and protect biodiversity.We should accelerate construction of water conservancy projects, and enhance our capacity for responding to floods, drought and waterlogging in urban and rural areas.We should improve the system for preventing and mitigating natural disasters and become better able to respond to meteorological, geological and seismic disasters.We should take a holistic approach to intensifying prevention and control of water, air and soil pollution, putting prevention first and placing emphasis on serious environmental problems that pose health hazards to the people.We will work with the international community to actively respond to global climate change on the basis of equity and in accordance with the common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities of all countries.（四）加强生态文明制度建设。保护生态环境必须依靠制度。要把资源消耗、环境损害、生态效益纳入经济社会发展评价体系，建立体现生态文明要求的目标体系、考核办法、奖惩机制。建立国土空间开发保护制度，完善最严格的耕地保护制度、水资源管理制度、环境保护制度。深化资源性产品价格和税费改革，建立反映市场供求和资源稀缺程度、体现生态价值和代际补偿的资源有偿使用制度和生态补偿制度。积极开展节能量、碳排放权、排污权、水权交易试点。加强环境监管，健全生态环境保护责任追究制度和环境损害赔偿制度。加强生态文明宣传教育，增强全民节约意识、环保意识、生态意识，形成合理消费的社会风尚，营造爱护生态环境的良好风气。

4.Enhance system building to promote ecological progress System building is crucial to protecting the ecological environment.Resource consumption, environmental damage and ecological benefits should be covered by the system of standards for evaluating economic and social development, and related goals, evaluation methods and reward and punishment mechanisms should be adopted in keeping with the need of promoting ecological progress.We should establish a system for developing and protecting China’s geographical space and improve the system for providing the strictest possible protection for farmland and systems for managing water resources and protecting the environment.We should deepen reform of prices, taxes and fees for resource products, and establish a system for paying for resource consumption

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and compensating for ecological damage – a system that responds to market supply and demand and resource scarcity, recognizes ecological values and requires compensation in the interests of later generations.We should carry out trials for trading energy savings, carbon emission rights, pollution discharge rights and water rights.We should strengthen environmental monitoring and improve the system of accountability for ecological and environmental protection and the system of compensation for environmental damage.We should increase publicity of and education in ecological progress, raise public awareness of the need to conserve resources, protect the environment and promote ecological progress, and foster a social atmosphere of practicing moderate consumption and cherishing the ecological environment.我们一定要更加自觉地珍爱自然，更加积极地保护生态，努力走向社会主义生态文明新时代。We must treasure nature more consciously, protect the ecosystem more actively, and strive to usher in a new era of socialist ecological progress.九、加快推进国防和军队现代化

IX.Accelerating the Modernization of National Defense and the Armed Forces 建设与我国国际地位相称、与国家安全和发展利益相适应的巩固国防和强大军队，是我国现代化建设的战略任务。我国面临的生存安全问题和发展安全问题、传统安全威胁和非传统安全威胁相互交织，要求国防和军队现代化建设有一个大的发展。必须坚持以国家核心安全需求为导向，统筹经济建设和国防建设，按照国防和军队现代化建设“三步走”战略构想，加紧完成机械化和信息化建设双重历史任务，力争到二０二０年基本实现机械化，信息化建设取得重大进展。

Building strong national defense and powerful armed forces that are commensurate with China’s international standing and meet the needs of its security and development interests is a strategic task of China’s modernization drive.China is faced with interwoven problems affecting its survival and development security as well as traditional and non-traditional security threats.To address these problems and threats, we must make major progress in modernizing national defense and the armed forces.We must, responding to China’s core security needs and following the three-step development strategy for modernizing national defense and the armed forces, ensure both economic development and development of defense capabilities, intensify efforts to accomplish the dual historic tasks of military mechanization and full IT application, striving to basically complete military mechanization and make major progress in full military IT application by 2020.国防和军队现代化建设，必须以毛泽东军事思想、邓小平新时期军队建设思想、江泽民国防和军队建设思想、党关于新形势下国防和军队建设思想为指导。要适应国家发展战略和安全战略新要求，着眼全面履行新世纪新阶段军队历史使命，贯彻新时期积极防御军事战略方针，与时俱进加强军事战略指导，高度关注海洋、太空、网络空间安全，积极运筹和平时期军事力量运用，不断拓展和深化军事斗争准备，提高以打赢信息化条件下局部战争能力为核心的完成多样化军事任务能力。

To modernize national defense and the armed forces, we must follow the guidance of Mao Zedong’s military thinking, Deng Xiaoping’s thinking on enhancing our military capabilities in the new historical period, Jiang Zemin’s thinking on strengthening our national defense and armed forces, and the Party’s thinking on strengthening our national defense and armed forces under new conditions.We should act to meet the new requirements of China’s national development and security strategies and ensure that the armed forces fully carry out their historic

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mission in the new stage in the new century.We should implement the military strategy of active defense for the new period, and enhance military strategic guidance as the times so require.We should attach great importance to maritime, space and cyberspace security.We should make active planning for the use of military forces in peacetime, expand and intensify military preparedness, and enhance the capability to accomplish a wide range of military tasks, the most important of which is to win local war in an information age.坚持以推动国防和军队建设科学发展为主题，以加快转变战斗力生成模式为主线，全面加强军队革命化现代化正规化建设。毫不动摇坚持党对军队的绝对领导，坚持不懈用中国特色社会主义理论体系武装全军，持续培育当代革命军人核心价值观，大力发展先进军事文化，永葆人民军队性质、本色、作风。坚定不移把信息化作为军队现代化建设发展方向，推动信息化建设加速发展。加强高新技术武器装备建设，加快全面建设现代后勤，培养大批高素质新型军事人才，深入开展信息化条件下军事训练，增强基于信息系统的体系作战能力。加大依法治军、从严治军力度，推动正规化建设向更高水平发展。

We should follow the guideline of strengthening national defense and the armed forces in a scientific way, take faster change of the way of raising military combat effectiveness as a major task, fully enhance the revolutionary nature of the armed forces and ensure that they are modern and follow standard procedures in all operations.We must unwaveringly adhere to the principle of the Party’s absolute leadership over the armed forces and continue to educate them in the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.We should constantly cultivate the core values of contemporary revolutionary service personnel, vigorously promote advanced military culture, and preserve the nature and the character of the military as the people’s army.We should unswervingly pursue full IT application as the goal in achieving military modernization and step up this effort.We should strengthen the development of new-and high-technology weapons and equipment, speed up the complete development of modern logistics, train a new type of high-caliber military personnel in large numbers, intensively carry out military training under computerized conditions, and enhance integrated combat capability based on extensive IT application.We should increase efforts to run the armed forces with strict discipline and in accordance with the law, and raise their standardization to a new level.紧跟世界新军事革命加速发展的潮流，积极稳妥进行国防和军队改革，推动中国特色军事变革深入发展。坚持以创新发展军事理论为先导，着力提高国防科技工业自主创新能力，深入推进军队组织形态现代化，构建中国特色现代军事力量体系。

We should closely follow the new global military revolution that is gathering pace, advance reform of our national defense and armed forces in a both active and prudent way, and deepen military transformation with Chinese characteristics.With innovative military theories taking the lead, we should enhance our capacity for innovation in defense-oriented research and industries, modernize the military organizational structure, and build a system of modern military forces with Chinese characteristics.坚持走中国特色军民融合式发展路子，坚持富国和强军相统一，加强军民融合式发展战略规划、体制机制建设、法规建设。加快建设现代化武装警察力量。增强全民国防观念，提高国防动员和后备力量建设质量。巩固和发展军政军民团结。

We should continue to follow a Chinese-style path that integrates the development of military and civilian sectors, combine efforts to make the country prosperous and the armed forces strong, and strengthen strategic planning, system building as well as related laws and regulations to boost the development of military and civilian sectors in an integrated way.We should speed up the building

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of a modern armed police force.We should raise public awareness of the importance of national defense and improve the capacity for national defense mobilization and the capability of our reserve forces.We should consolidate and increase unity between the military and the government and between the military and the civilians.中国奉行防御性的国防政策，加强国防建设的目的是维护国家主权、安全、领土完整，保障国家和平发展。中国军队始终是维护世界和平的坚定力量，将一如既往同各国加强军事合作、增进军事互信，参与地区和国际安全事务，在国际政治和安全领域发挥积极作用。

China pursues a national defense policy that is defensive in nature.Our endeavors to strengthen national defense aim to safeguard China’s sovereignty, security and territorial integrity and ensure its peaceful development.China’s armed forces have always been a staunch force upholding world peace and will continue to increase cooperation and mutual trust with the armed forces of other countries, participate in regional and international security affairs, and thus play an active role in international political and security fields.十、丰富“一国两制”实践和推进祖国统一 X.Enriching the Practice of “One Country, Two Systems” and Advancing China’s Reunification 香港、澳门回归以来，走上了同祖国内地优势互补、共同发展的宽广道路，“一国两制”实践取得举世公认的成功。中央政府对香港、澳门实行的各项方针政策，根本宗旨是维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定。全面准确贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，必须把坚持一国原则和尊重两制差异、维护中央权力和保障特别行政区高度自治权、发挥祖国内地坚强后盾作用和提高港澳自身竞争力有机结合起来，任何时候都不能偏废。

Since their return to the motherland, Hong Kong and Macao have embarked on a broad road along which they and the mainland draw on each other’s strengths and pursue common development, and the success of the “one country, two systems” principle has won global recognition.The underlying goal of the principles and policies adopted by the central government concerning Hong Kong and Macao is to uphold China’s sovereignty, security and development interests and maintain long-term prosperity and stability of the two regions.We must fully and faithfully implement the principle of “one country, two systems,” under which the people of Hong Kong govern Hong Kong and the people of Macao govern Macao and both regions enjoy a high degree of autonomy.We must both adhere to the one-China principle and respect the differences of the two systems, both uphold the power of the central government and ensure a high degree of autonomy in the special administrative regions, both give play to the role of the mainland as the staunch supporter of Hong Kong and Macao and increase their competitiveness.At no time should we focus only on one side to the neglect of the other.中央政府将严格依照基本法办事，完善与基本法实施相关的制度和机制，坚定支持特别行政区行政长官和政府依法施政，带领香港、澳门各界人士集中精力发展经济、切实有效改善民生、循序渐进推进民主、包容共济促进和谐，深化内地与香港、澳门经贸关系，推进各领域交流合作，促进香港同胞、澳门同胞在爱国爱港、爱国爱澳旗帜下的大团结，防范和遏制外部势力干预港澳事务。

The central government will act in strict accordance with the basic laws of the special administrative regions, improve work mechanisms for their enforcement, and firmly support the chief executives and governments of the two special administrative regions in governing the two regions in accordance with the law.The central government will firmly support them in leading

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the people from all walks of life in focusing on economic development, taking effective steps to improve the people’s wellbeing, and advancing orderly and phased-in democracy as well as inclusiveness, mutual support and harmony.The central government will increase economic ties and trade between the mainland and the two regions, and promote exchanges and cooperation between them in all fields.The central government will also firmly support the chief executives and governments of the two special administrative regions in promoting the unity of our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao under the banner of loving both the motherland and their respective regions and in guarding against and forestalling external intervention in the affairs of Hong Kong and Macao.我们坚信，香港同胞、澳门同胞不仅有智慧、有能力、有办法把特别行政区管理好、建设好，也一定能在国家事务中发挥积极作用，同全国各族人民一道共享做中国人的尊严和荣耀。We are convinced that our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao not only have the wisdom, ability and resourcefulness to successfully govern and develop the two regions;they can certainly also play an active role in national affairs and share with other people of all ethnic groups in China the dignity and glory of being Chinese.解决台湾问题、实现祖国完全统一，是不可阻挡的历史进程。和平统一最符合包括台湾同胞在内的中华民族的根本利益。实现和平统一首先要确保两岸关系和平发展。必须坚持“和平统一、一国两制”方针，坚持发展两岸关系、推进祖国和平统一进程的八项主张，全面贯彻两岸关系和平发展重要思想，巩固和深化两岸关系和平发展的政治、经济、文化、社会基础，为和平统一创造更充分的条件。

To resolve the Taiwan question and achieve the complete reunification of China is an irresistible historical process.Peaceful reunification is in the best interests of the Chinese nation, including our compatriots in Taiwan.To achieve peaceful reunification, we must, above everything else, ensure peaceful growth of relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits.We must adhere to the principle of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems” and the eight-point proposal for growing cross-Straits relations and advancing peaceful reunification of the motherland.We must put into full practice the important thought of peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations, consolidate and strengthen the political, economic, cultural and social foundation for such growth, and create even better conditions for achieving peaceful reunification.我们要始终坚持一个中国原则。大陆和台湾虽然尚未统一，但两岸同属一个中国的事实从未改变，国家领土和主权从未分割、也不容分割。两岸双方应恪守反对“台独”、坚持“九二共识”的共同立场，增进维护一个中国框架的共同认知，在此基础上求同存异。对台湾任何政党，只要不主张“台独”、认同一个中国，我们都愿意同他们交往、对话、合作。

We must continue to adhere to the one-China principle.Although the mainland and Taiwan are yet to be reunified, the fact that both belong to one China has never changed.China’s territory and sovereignty have always been indivisible and no division will be tolerated.The two sides of the Taiwan Straits should uphold the common stand of opposing Taiwan independence and of following the 1992 Consensus.Both sides should increase their common commitment to upholding the one-China framework and, on this basis, expand common ground and set aside differences.We are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue and cooperation with any political party in Taiwan as long as it does not seek Taiwan independence and recognizes the one-China principle.我们要持续推进两岸交流合作。深化经济合作，厚植共同利益。扩大文化交流，增强民族认同。密切人民往来，融洽同胞感情。促进平等协商，加强制度建设。希望双方共同努力，探 45

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讨国家尚未统一特殊情况下的两岸政治关系，作出合情合理安排；商谈建立两岸军事安全互信机制，稳定台海局势；协商达成两岸和平协议，开创两岸关系和平发展新前景。

We should sustain cross-Straits exchanges and cooperation.We should deepen economic cooperation to increase common interests.We should expand cultural exchanges to enhance a common sense of national identity, and further people-to-people contacts to cultivate mutual goodwill.We should promote consultation on an equal footing and strengthen institutional building.We hope that the two sides will jointly explore cross-Straits political relations and make reasonable arrangements for them under the special condition that the country is yet to be reunified.We hope the two sides will discuss the establishment of a cross-Straits confidence-building mechanism for military security to maintain stability in their relations and reach a peace agreement through consultation so as to open a new horizon in advancing the peaceful growth of these relations.我们要努力促进两岸同胞团结奋斗。两岸同胞同属中华民族，是血脉相连的命运共同体，理应相互关爱信赖，共同推进两岸关系，共同享有发展成果。凡是有利于增进两岸同胞共同福祉的事情，我们都会尽最大努力做好。我们要切实保护台湾同胞权益，团结台湾同胞维护好、建设好中华民族共同家园。

We should encourage the compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Straits to unite and pursue a common endeavor.The compatriots on both sides belong to the same Chinese nation and form a community of common destiny bound by blood ties;and we have every reason to care about and trust each other, jointly advance cross-Straits relations, and share in the fruits of development.We will make every effort to do anything that will promote the common wellbeing of the compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Straits.We should fully protect the rights and interests of our Taiwan compatriots and work with them to safeguard and build the common home of the Chinese nation.我们坚决反对“台独”分裂图谋。中国人民绝不允许任何人任何势力以任何方式把台湾从祖国分割出去。“台独”分裂行径损害两岸同胞共同利益，必然走向彻底失败。

We resolutely oppose any separatist attempt for Taiwan independence.The Chinese people will never allow anyone or any force to separate Taiwan from the motherland by any means.Any separatist attempt for Taiwan independence, which undermines the common interests of the compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Straits, is doomed to fail.全体中华儿女携手努力，就一定能在同心实现中华民族伟大复兴进程中完成祖国统一大业。Working hand in hand, we, the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, will surely accomplish the great cause of China’s reunification in the course of our common endeavor to achieve the great renewal of the Chinese nation.十一、继续促进人类和平与发展的崇高事业

XI.Continuing to Promote the Noble Cause of Peace and Development of Mankind 当今世界正在发生深刻复杂变化，和平与发展仍然是时代主题。世界多极化、经济全球化深入发展，文化多样化、社会信息化持续推进，科技革命孕育新突破，全球合作向多层次全方位拓展，新兴市场国家和发展中国家整体实力增强，国际力量对比朝着有利于维护世界和平方向发展，保持国际形势总体稳定具备更多有利条件。

The world today is undergoing profound and complex changes, but peace and development remain the underlying trends of our times.The global trends toward multipolarity and economic globalization are deepening.Cultural diversity is increasing, and an information society is fast emerging.New breakthroughs are in the making in the scientific and technological revolution.46

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Global cooperation is expanding at multiple levels and on all fronts.Emerging market economies and developing countries are gaining in overall strength, tipping the balance of international forces in favor of the maintenance of world peace.All this has created more favorable conditions for ensuring general stability in the international environment.同时，世界仍然很不安宁。国际金融危机影响深远，世界经济增长不稳定不确定因素增多，全球发展不平衡加剧，霸权主义、强权政治和新干涉主义有所上升，局部动荡频繁发生，粮食安全、能源资源安全、网络安全等全球性问题更加突出。

On the other hand, the world is still far from being peaceful.The global financial crisis is producing a far-reaching impact on the world.World economic growth is overshadowed by growing factors of instability and uncertainty, and imbalance in global development has widened.There are signs of increasing hegemonism, power politics and neo-interventionism, and local turmoil keeps cropping up.Global issues such as food security, energy and resource security and cyber security are becoming more acute.人类只有一个地球，各国共处一个世界。历史昭示我们，弱肉强食不是人类共存之道，穷兵黩武无法带来美好世界。要和平不要战争，要发展不要贫穷，要合作不要对抗，推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界，是各国人民共同愿望。

Mankind has only one earth to live on, and countries have only one world to share.History teaches us that the law of the jungle will not lead to the coexistence of human society and that the arbitrary use of force cannot make the world a better place.To pursue peace, development and cooperation and oppose war, eliminate poverty and avoid confrontation in order to build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity – this is what the people of all countries long for.我们主张，在国际关系中弘扬平等互信、包容互鉴、合作共赢的精神，共同维护国际公平正义。平等互信，就是要遵循联合国宪章宗旨和原则，坚持国家不分大小、强弱、贫富一律平等，推动国际关系民主化，尊重主权，共享安全，维护世界和平稳定。包容互鉴，就是要尊重世界文明多样性、发展道路多样化，尊重和维护各国人民自主选择社会制度和发展道路的权利，相互借鉴，取长补短，推动人类文明进步。合作共赢，就是要倡导人类命运共同体意识，在追求本国利益时兼顾他国合理关切，在谋求本国发展中促进各国共同发展，建立更加平等均衡的新型全球发展伙伴关系，同舟共济，权责共担，增进人类共同利益。

We call for promoting equality, mutual trust, inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutually beneficial cooperation in international relations and making joint efforts to uphold international fairness and justice.In promoting equality and mutual trust, we should observe the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and support equality among all countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor.We should advance democracy in international relations, respect sovereignty, share security, and uphold world peace and stability.In promoting inclusiveness and mutual learning, we should respect diversity of civilizations and development paths, respect and safeguard the rights of all peoples to independently choose their social system and development path, learn from others to make up for our shortcomings, and advance human civilization.In promoting mutually beneficial cooperation, we should raise awareness about human beings sharing a community of common destiny.A country should accommodate the legitimate concerns of others when pursuing its own interests;and it should promote common development of all countries when advancing its own development.Countries should establish a new type of global development partnership that is more equitable and balanced, stick together in times of difficulty, both share rights and shoulder obligations, and boost the common interests of

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mankind.中国将继续高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜，坚定不移致力于维护世界和平、促进共同发展。

China will continue to hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit and strive to uphold world peace and promote common development.中国将始终不渝走和平发展道路，坚定奉行独立自主的和平外交政策。我们坚决维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，决不会屈服于任何外来压力。我们根据事情本身的是非曲直决定自己的立场和政策，秉持公道，伸张正义。中国主张和平解决国际争端和热点问题，反对动辄诉诸武力或以武力相威胁，反对颠覆别国合法政权，反对一切形式的恐怖主义。中国反对各种形式的霸权主义和强权政治，不干涉别国内政，永远不称霸，永远不搞扩张。中国将坚持把中国人民利益同各国人民共同利益结合起来，以更加积极的姿态参与国际事务，发挥负责任大国作用，共同应对全球性挑战。

China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development and firmly pursue an independent foreign policy of peace.We are firm in our resolve to uphold China’s sovereignty, security and development interests and will never yield to any outside pressure.We will decide our position and policy on an issue on its own merits and work to uphold fairness and justice.China is committed to peaceful settlement of international disputes and hotspot issues, opposes the wanton use of force or threat to use it, opposes any foreign attempt to subvert the legitimate government of any other countries, and opposes terrorism in all its manifestations.China opposes hegemonism and power politics in all their forms, does not interfere in other countries’ internal affairs and will never seek hegemony or engage in expansion.China will continue to keep in mind both the interests of the Chinese people and the common interests of the people of all countries, get more actively involved in international affairs, play its due role of a major responsible country, and work jointly with other countries to meet global challenges.中国将始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略，通过深化合作促进世界经济强劲、可持续、平衡增长。中国致力于缩小南北差距，支持发展中国家增强自主发展能力。中国将加强同主要经济体宏观经济政策协调，通过协商妥善解决经贸摩擦。中国坚持权利和义务相平衡，积极参与全球经济治理，推动贸易和投资自由化便利化，反对各种形式的保护主义。

China will unwaveringly follow a win-win strategy of opening up and promote robust, sustainable and balanced growth of the global economy through increased cooperation.We are committed to narrowing the North-South gap and supporting other developing countries in enhancing their capacity for self-development.China will strengthen coordination with other major economies on macroeconomic policy and resolve economic and trade frictions with other countries through consultation.China upholds the principle of balancing rights with obligations.We will take an active part in global economic governance, promote and facilitate free trade and investment, and oppose protectionism in all its forms.中国坚持在和平共处五项原则基础上全面发展同各国的友好合作。我们将改善和发展同发达国家关系，拓宽合作领域，妥善处理分歧，推动建立长期稳定健康发展的新型大国关系。我们将坚持与邻为善、以邻为伴，巩固睦邻友好，深化互利合作，努力使自身发展更好惠及周边国家。我们将加强同广大发展中国家的团结合作，共同维护发展中国家正当权益，支持扩大发展中国家在国际事务中的代表性和发言权，永远做发展中国家的可靠朋友和真诚伙伴。我们将积极参与多边事务，支持联合国、二十国集团、上海合作组织、金砖国家等发挥积极作用，推动国际秩序和国际体系朝着公正合理的方向发展。我们将扎实推进公共外交和人文交流，维护我国海外合法权益。我们将开展同各国政党和政治组织的友好往来，加强人大、48

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政协、地方、民间团体的对外交流，夯实国家关系发展社会基础。

China is committed to growing friendship and cooperation in all fields with other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.We will improve and grow our relations with developed countries by expanding areas of cooperation and properly addressing differences with them;and we will strive to establish a new type of relations of long-term stability and sound growth with other major countries.We will continue to promote friendship and partnership with our neighbors, consolidate friendly relations and deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with them, and ensure that China’s development will bring more benefits to our neighbors.We will increase unity and cooperation with other developing countries, work with them to uphold the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries and support efforts to increase their representation and voice in international affairs.China will remain a reliable friend and sincere partner of other developing countries.We will actively participate in multilateral affairs, support the United Nations, G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, BRICS and other multilateral organizations in playing an active role in international affairs, and work to make the international order and system more just and equitable.We will take solid steps to promote public diplomacy as well as people-to-people and cultural exchanges, and protect China’s legitimate rights and interests overseas.We will conduct friendly exchanges with political parties and organizations of other countries and encourage people’s congresses, national and local committees of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, local governments and people’s organizations to increase overseas exchanges so as to consolidate the social foundation for enhancing China’s relations with other countries.中国人民热爱和平、渴望发展，愿同各国人民一道为人类和平与发展的崇高事业而不懈努力。The Chinese people love peace and yearn for development.We are ready to work with the people of other countries to unremittingly promote the noble cause of peace and development for mankind.十二、全面提高党的建设科学化水平

XII.Making Party Building More Scientific in All Respects 我们党担负着团结带领人民全面建成小康社会、推进社会主义现代化、实现中华民族伟大复兴的重任。党坚强有力，党同人民保持血肉联系，国家就繁荣稳定，人民就幸福安康。形势的发展、事业的开拓、人民的期待，都要求我们以改革创新精神全面推进党的建设新的伟大工程，全面提高党的建设科学化水平。

Rallying and leading the people in completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, in advancing socialist modernization and in achieving the great renewal of the Chinese nation is an important mission for our Party.When the Party maintains its strength and close ties with the people, China enjoys prosperity and stability and the Chinese people live in peace and happiness.Facing the new developments, the progress in our cause and the expectation the people have of us, we should comprehensively carry out the great new undertaking of Party building in an innovative reform-driven manner and make Party building more scientific in all respects.全党必须牢记，只有植根人民、造福人民，党才能始终立于不败之地；只有居安思危、勇于进取，党才能始终走在时代前列。新形势下，党面临的执政考验、改革开放考验、市场经济考验、外部环境考验是长期的、复杂的、严峻的，精神懈怠危险、能力不足危险、脱离群众危险、消极腐败危险更加尖锐地摆在全党面前。不断提高党的领导水平和执政水平、提高拒 49

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腐防变和抵御风险能力，是党巩固执政地位、实现执政使命必须解决好的重大课题。全党要增强紧迫感和责任感，牢牢把握加强党的执政能力建设、先进性和纯洁性建设这条主线，坚持解放思想、改革创新，坚持党要管党、从严治党，全面加强党的思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、反腐倡廉建设、制度建设，增强自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高能力，建设学习型、服务型、创新型的马克思主义执政党，确保党始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心。

The whole Party must bear in mind that only by taking root among the people and delivering benefits to them can the Party remain invincible, and that only by being on guard against adversity in times of peace and forging boldly ahead can the Party remain in the forefront of the times.Under new conditions, the Party faces complicated and severe long-term tests in exercising governance, carrying out reform and opening up and developing the market economy as well as tests from the external environment.And the whole Party is confronted with increasingly grave dangers of lacking in drive, incompetence, being out of touch with the people, corruption and other misconduct.We should steadily improve the Party’s art of leadership and governance;and increase its ability to resist corruption, prevent degeneration and ward off risks – this is a major issue the Party must solve in order to consolidate its position as the governing party and carry out its mission of governance.All Party members must heighten their sense of urgency and sense of responsibility and focus on strengthening the Party’s governance capacity, advanced nature and purity.We should continue to free up our minds and carry out reform and innovation, and uphold the principle that the Party should supervise its own conduct and run itself with strict discipline.We should make all-around efforts to strengthen the Party theoretically and organizationally and improve its conduct.We should become better able to fight corruption, uphold Party integrity and improve Party rules and regulations.We should enhance our capacity for self-purity, self-improvement, self-development and self-innovation and build the Party into an innovative, service-oriented and learning Marxist governing party.By taking these steps, we can ensure that the Party is always the firm leadership core guiding the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.（一）坚定理想信念，坚守共产党人精神追求。对马克思主义的信仰，对社会主义和共产主义的信念，是共产党人的政治灵魂，是共产党人经受住任何考验的精神支柱。要抓好思想理论建设这个根本，学习马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、中国特色社会主义理论体系，深入学习实践科学发展观，推进学习型党组织创建，教育引导党员、干部矢志不渝为中国特色社会主义共同理想而奋斗。抓好党性教育这个核心，学习党的历史，深刻认识党的两个历史问题决议总结的经验教训，弘扬党的优良传统和作风，教育引导党员、干部牢固树立正确的世界观、权力观、事业观，坚定政治立场，明辨大是大非。抓好道德建设这个基础，教育引导党员、干部模范践行社会主义荣辱观，讲党性、重品行、作表率，做社会主义道德的示范者、诚信风尚的引领者、公平正义的维护者，以实际行动彰显共产党人的人格力量。1.Be firm in our ideal and conviction and remain true to the faith of Communists Communists’ faith in Marxism, socialism and communism is their political soul and sustains them in all tests.We should give high priority to developing the Party’s theory, which is essential for Party building.We should study Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics and intensively study and apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.We should build learning Party organizations, educate Party members and officials in our shared ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics and encourage them to unremittingly pursue this ideal.We should intensify education in the Party spirit, which is at the

第四篇：十八大报告要点

十八大报告解读 一、十八大“新意”十八大已经胜利闭幕。回顾历史，每一次党的全国代表大会都会提出一些新的思路和设想，统一全党全国人民认识，为下一个5年甚至10年更好更快发展奠定基础。十八大有些什么新思路新设想呢？笔者仔细研读胡锦涛同志代表党中央所作政治报告，梳理出若干新表述，此即十八大“新意”之所在也。

一条道路：十八大后，中国将走一条什么样的道路？此一问题，举国关注。十八大的回答非常明确：“坚定不移高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，既不走封闭僵化的老路，也不走改旗易帜的邪路。”既不“封闭僵化”，又不“改旗易帜”——此一全新表述，主要针对政治体制改革而言。可以肯定，中国既不会走固步自封、不深化经济体制改革和政治体制改革的老路，也决不会走生吞活剥、搞西方议会民主、多党执政那一套邪路。

一个目标：下一个5年或10年，共产党有具体的执政目标吗？当然有的，那就是，“确保到2020年实现全面建成小康社会宏伟目标。”全面“建设”改为全面“建成”，虽只是一字之改，但其意义重大，而且，任务相当艰巨，因为“确保”的最后期限，设定在2020年，距今只有8年时间！

两个翻番：到2020年，“实现国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比2010年翻一番。”查阅资料，建国以来历次党的全国代表大会从未提出过城乡居民收入发展的具体指标。十八大破天荒将此写进报告，既反映党中央贯彻“以人为本”宗旨的坚强决心，以及对提高人民生活水平的格外重视，也体现出执政党自我加压的一种信念，这为新一届中央委员会提出了更明确和具体的执政要求。

两个凡是：嗅觉敏锐的人注意到，报告中出现了“两个凡是”的新表述：“凡是涉及群众切身利益的决策都要充分听取群众意见，凡是损害群众利益的做法都要坚决纠正和防止。”在新世纪第二个10年的当下，中央明确提出“两个凡是”，显然有很强的针对性。倘若各级领导干部在实践中能认真切实做到“两个凡是”，可以避免多少群体事件，可以少走多少弯路！

核心价值：中央提出开展核心价值体系学习教育，并非始自今日，但到底什么是社会主义核心价值体系？从未有过具体表述。十八大首次明确表述为三个层面、24个字。

一、国家层面：富强、民主、文明、和谐。

二、社会层面：自由、平等、公正、法治。

三、公民个人层面：爱国、敬业、诚信、友善。这三个层面，既相互区别，又各有侧重，可谓高度提炼概括，凝聚全党智慧。

以德治国：“要坚持依法治国和以德治国相结合，加强社会公德、职业道德、家庭美德、个人品德教育。”“以德治国”这一全新概念的提出，既反映出人们对于当下社会公德缺失的担忧，又彰显出社会对于今后树立良好道德的企盼。而“社会公德、职业道德、家庭美德、个人品德”四个层次的排列，又为我们勾画出“四位一体，全面施教”的具体路径。美丽中国：这是报告“发明”的又一新词，也是党中央提出的

新的奋斗目标。“必须树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念，把生态文明建设放在突出地位，融入经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设各方面和全过程，努力建设美丽中国。”将“生态文明建设”与“经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设”放在一起，五位一体，五管齐下，并由此引申出“美丽中国”这一全新概念，这将激起人们多少遐想，引来民众多少期盼！可以预料，“新意”频出的十八大，在新一届党中央的带领之下，将为未来中国注入一泓清泉，带来新的气象。二、十八大关键词

两个“五位一体”构成党和国家战略新布局

党的十八大报告将中国特色社会主义事业总体布局从“四位一体”扩展为“五位一体”，这表明我们党对中国特色社会主义建设规律从认识到实践都达到新的水平。早在１９８６年，党的十二届六中全会首次提出以经济建设为中心、坚定不移地进行经济体制改革，坚定不移地进行政治体制改革、坚定不移地加强精神文明建设的总体布局，这一“三位一体”总体布局从党的十三大一直延续到十六大。党的十六届六中全会提出构建社会主义和谐社会的重大任务，总体布局拓展为“四位一体”，增加了社会建设。党的十八大提出生态文明建设，总体布局又拓展为“五位一体”。这“五位一体”的总体布局，对应着全国老百姓的经济、政治、社会、文化、生态五大权益。特别是通过生态文明建设，我们党和国家将在实现当代人利益的同时，给自然留下更多修复空间，给农业留下更多良田，给子孙后代留下天蓝、地绿、水净的美好家园。

党的十八大报告中提出党的建设总体布局也是“五位一体”，即思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、反腐倡廉建设、制度建设。中国特色社会主义事业“五位一体”总体布局中的生态文明，体现着自然界的净化，而我们党的建设新的伟大工程“五位一体”总体布局中的反腐倡廉建设，体现的是中国共产党党的肌体的自我净化。

科学发展观是党的指导思想的又一次与时俱进党的十八大报告进一步明确了科学发展观的历史定位，实现了党的指导思想又一次与时俱进。我们党在推进马克思主义中国化过程中有两次历史性飞跃，第一次飞跃形成了毛泽东思想；第二次飞跃是在改革开放新的伟大革命中，逐步形成的中国特色社会主义理论体系。这个理论体系实现了我们党的指导思想的三次与时俱进，第一次是将邓小平理论列为党的指导思想，第二次是将“三个代表”重要思想列为党的指导思想，第三次是将科学发展观列为党的指导思想，因而这是党的十八大报告最大的理论亮点和历史贡献。

“八项要求”丰富了中国特色社会主义内涵

党的十八大报告对中国特色社会主义作出新的理论概括，强调 在新的历史条件下，夺取中国特色社会主义新胜利，必须牢牢把握八个基本要求，分别是：必须坚持人民主体地位，必须坚持解放和发展社会生产力，必须坚持推进改革开放，必须坚持维护社会公平正义，必须坚持走共同富裕道路，必须坚持促进社会和谐，必须坚持和平发

展，必须坚持党的领导。这八条，不仅条条都有强烈的现实针对性、长远指导性，而且作为全党全国人民的共同信念，必将极大地推进解放思想、改革开放、凝聚力量、攻坚克难，扎扎实实夺取中国特色社会主义新胜利，奋力开拓中国特色社会主义更为广阔的发展前景。“两个目标”是夺取新胜利的两座里程碑

党的十八大报告提出两个百年奋斗目标，一个是在中国共产党

成立一百年时全面建成小康社会，一个是在新中国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。这两个百年奋斗目标最早是在党的十五大报告中提出的，此后，党的十六大、十七大报告以及胡锦涛同志在纪念党的十一届三中全会３０周年大会上的讲话中都作了重申。

党的十八大报告再次重申这两个百年目标，是要强调，此时此刻，我们正处于近代以来中国历史上最接近中华民族伟大复兴目标的重要时刻，我们既倍加自豪，又对党和人民确立的理想信念倍加坚定，对党肩负的历史责任倍加清醒。也可以这样说，这两个百年目标必将成为我们夺取中国特色社会主义新胜利的两座里程碑。从“五个方面”充实完善了全面建设小康社会目标要求

党的十八大报告提出“为全面建成小康社会而奋斗”，从“建设”

到“建成”，这一字之变，是个质的飞跃；这一字之改的“含金量”很高，为我们扎扎实实迈向中华民族伟大复兴提供了一个看得见、摸得着、感受得到的阶段性目标，把全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平小康

社会美好前景，更加清晰地呈现在全国人民面前，必将极大激发全国人民的奋斗热情。全面建成小康社会的新的目标要求分别是经济持续健康发展，人民民主不断扩大，文化软实力显著增强，人民生活水平全面提高，资源节约型、环境友好型社会建设取得重大进展。这里最引人注目的目标是到２０２０年“实现国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比２０１０年翻一番”。到那时，全国老百姓的衣食住行用水平将全面提高，基本公共服务均等化将总体实现，全民受教育程度和创新人才培养水平将明显提高，教育现代化将基本实现，农民工子女将平等接受教育，让每个孩子都能成为有用之才，城乡就业将更加充分，收入分配差距将会缩小，中等收入群体将持续扩大，扶贫对象将大幅减少，农业转移人口市民化进程将加快，城镇基本公共服务将实现常住人口全覆盖，人人享有基本医疗卫生服务，人居环境明显改善，住房保障体系基本形成。老百姓生活在社会主义中国的幸福感将普遍增强！

全面深化五大体制改革也在目标要求中全面呈现，明确了包括政治体制改革在内的深化改革开放的重点。用一个形象的概括，就叫做“高举旗帜走转改”，“高举旗帜”就是高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，“走”就是坚定不移走中国特色社会主义道路，“转”就是加快转变经济发展方式，“改”就是全面深化改革开放。社会主义协商民主是政治体制改革重要内容 第6/10页

党的十八大报告提出健全社会主义协商民主制度，这是我国人民民主的重要形式，有利于就经济社会发展重大问题和涉及群众切身利益的实际问题广泛协商，广纳群言、广集民智，增进共识、增强合力。把中国特色选举民主同社会主义协商民主相结合，将有利于健全民主制度、丰富民主形式，扩大社会主义民主，发展社会主义政治文明，为实现最广泛的人民民主确立正确方向。

２４个字分三个层次概括了社会主义核心价值观

党的十八大报告用２４个字提出覆盖全国各方面意见、反映现

阶段全国人民最大公约数的社会主义核心价值观的表述。这个表述是分别从国家、社会、个人三个层面进行的。

从国家层面看，是富强、民主、文明、和谐；从社会层面看，是自由、平等、公正、法治；从公民个人层面看，是爱国、敬业、诚信、友善。毛泽东同志一再强调正确处理国家、集体、个人三者利益关系，这三个层面的社会主义核心价值观的表述，也体现了同样的思想方法。在这个基础上，有利于积极培育社会主义核心价值观。“三型”是对执政党自身建设规律的更全面把握

党的十八大报告提出建设学习型、服务型、创新型的马克思主义

执政党。这“三型”目标，表明我们对执政党建设规律的把握更自觉、更全面、更深刻。在党的十八大报告中，人民是个关键词，服务也是个关键词。坚持人民主体地位，更好保障人民权益、更好保障人民当家做主贯穿报告始终，为人民服务也贯穿报告始终。在社会主义经济、政治、文化、社会、生态建设部分的论述和部署中，处处体现了我们 第7/10页

党和国家全方位为人民服务，加强各方面、各领域服务体系建设，服务各方面人群的服务功能、服务效能。同时，党的十八大报告也对基层“服务型”党组织建设作出了总体部署，必将充分发挥基层党组织推动发展、服务群众、凝聚人心、促进和谐的作用，进一步夯实党执政的基层组织基础。三、十八大部份要点：

全面提高党的建设科学化水平报告强调，全面提高党的建设科学化水平。必须抓好八个方面的重要任务：坚定理想信念，坚守共产党人精神追求；坚持以人为本、执政为民，始终保持党同人民群众的血肉联系；积极发展党内民主，增强党的创造活力；深化干部人事制度改革，建设高素质执政骨干队伍；坚持党管人才原则，把各方面优秀人才集聚到党和国家事业中来；创新基层党建工作，夯实党执政的组织基础；坚定不移反对腐败，永葆共产党人清正廉洁的政治本色；严明党的纪律，自觉维护党的集中统一。加大自然生态系统和环境保护力度

报告提出，大力推进生态文明建设。当前和今后一个时期，要重点抓好四个方面的工作：一是要优化国土空间开发格局；二是要全面促进资源节约；三是要加大自然生态系统和环境保护力度；四是要加强生态文明制度建设。科学发展观是党必须长期坚持的指导思想 第8/10页

报告强调，科学发展观是党必须长期坚持的指导思想，必须把科学发展观贯彻到我国现代化建设全过程、体现到党的建设各方面。

科学发展观是马克思主义同当代中国实际和时代特征相结合的产物，是马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现，对新形势下实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大问题作出了新的科学回答，把我们对中国特色社会主义规律的认识提高到新的水平，开辟了当代中国马克思主义发展新境界。

科学发展观是中国特色社会主义理论体系最新成果，是中国共产党集体智慧的结晶，是指导党和国家全部工作的强大思想武器。科学发展观同马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想一道，是党必须长期坚持的指导思想。全面建成小康社会目标

报告提出，根据我国经济社会发展实际，要在十六大、十七大确立的全面建设小康社会目标的基础上努力实现新的要求：经济持续健康发展，转变经济发展方式取得重大进展，在发展平衡性、协调性、可持续性明显增强的基础上，实现国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比二0一0年翻一番；人民民主不断扩大；文化软实力显著增强；人民生活水平全面提高；资源节约型、环境友好型社会建设取得重大进展。全面建成小康社会，必须以更大的政治勇气和智慧，不失时机深化重要领域改革，坚决破除一切妨碍科学发展的思想观念和体制机制弊端，构建系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系，使各方面制度更加成熟更加定型。第9/10页

加快完善社会主义市场经济体制

报告强调，要加快完善社会主义市场经济体制和加快转变经济发展方式。他指出，第一，全面深化经济体制改革。第二，实施创新驱动发展战略。第三，推进经济结构战略性调整。第四，推动城乡发展一体化。第五，全面提高开放型经济水平。扎实推进社会主义文化强国建设

报告提出，扎实推进社会主义文化强国建设。一是要加强社会主义核心价值体系建设。二是要全面提高公民道德素质。三是要丰富人民精神文化生活。四是要增强文化整体实力和竞争力。

在改善民生和创新管理中加强社会建设

报告提出，在改善民生和创新管理中加强社会建设。必须以保障和改善民生为重点，必须加快推进社会体制改革。他说，这方面的重要任务包括：努力办好人民满意的教育，推动实现更高质量的就业，千方百计增加居民收入，统筹推进城乡社会保障体系建设，提高人民健康水平，加强和创新社会管理。

第五篇：十八大报告要点

1.全面建成小康社会

从“建设小康社会”到“建成小康社会”，这一字之变，是个质的飞跃；这一字之改的“含金量”很高，为我们扎扎实实迈向中华民族伟大复兴提供了一个看得见、摸得着、感受得到的阶段性目标，把全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平小康社会美好前景，更加清晰地呈现在全国人民面前。2.两个翻一番

“在发展平衡性、协调性、可持续性明显增强的基础上，实现国内生产总值和城乡居民人均收入比二〇一〇年翻一番。”这是中共首次明确提出居民收入倍增目标。到那时，全国老百姓生活在社会主义中国的幸福感将普遍增强!3． 两个“五位一体”

（第一个五位一体）全面落实经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设五位一体总体布局；（第二个五位一体）全面加强党的思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、反腐倡廉建设、制度建设。两个“五位一体”都有一项具有净化功能：“第一个五位一体”总体布局中的生态文明，体现着自然界的净化； “第二个五位一体”总体布局中的反腐倡廉建设，体现的是中国共产党的自我净化。4.民主协商制度

党的十八大报告提出健全社会主义协商民主制度，这是我国人民民主的重要形式，有利于就经济社会发展重大问题和涉及群众切身利益的实际问题广泛协商、广纳群言、广集民智，增进共识、增强合力。5． 党的指导思想

“科学发展观同马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想一道，是党必须长期坚持的指导思想。”党的十八大报告进一步明确了科学发展观的历史定位，实现了党的指导思想的又一次与时俱进。6.牢记八个坚持

“必须坚持人民主体地位，必须坚持解放和发展社会生产力，必须坚持推进改革开放，必须坚持维护社会公平正义，必须坚持走共同富裕道路，必须坚持促进社会和谐，必须坚持和平发展，必须坚持党的领导。”这八条，条条都有强烈的现实针对性、长远指导性。7.两个“百年”实现现代化

“只要我们胸怀理想、坚定信念，不动摇、不懈怠、不折腾，顽强奋斗、艰苦奋斗、不懈奋斗，就一定能在中国共产党成立一百年时全面建成小康社会，就一定能在新中国成立一百年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。”这两个百年目标必将成为我们夺取中国特色社会主义新胜利的两座里程碑。8.24字社会主义核心价值观

从国家、社会、个人三个层面进行表述。从国家层面看，是富强、民主、文明、和谐；从社会层面看，是自由、平等、公正、法治；从公民个人层面看，是爱国、敬业、诚信、友善。9.三型目标建设执政党

党的十八大报告提出建设学习型、服务型、创新型的马克思主义执政党。这“三型”目标，表明我们对执政党建设规律的把握更自觉、更全面、更深刻。在党的十八大报告中，坚持人民主体地位，为人民服务贯穿报告始终。10． 增强全民族文化创造活力

从十六大提出“文化体制改革”的任务，到十七大将“文化软实力”写入大会报告；从十七届六中全会首次从完整意义上制定“文化强国战略”，到十八大报告再度强调“建设社会主义文化强国，关键是增强全民族文化创造活力”，我们党对文化建设规律的认识越来越全面，越来越深刻。