第一篇：名词性从句讲解、历届高考名词性从句习题及详解
名词性从句
名词性从句，即指性质相当于名词的从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句记一句话 缺什么填什么 什么都不缺填that 1.this is the factory(where)he worked for 20 years。
2.this is the factory(which or that)is far away from his house。
3.he will nerve forget the days(which or that)them spent together.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词： whether, if（不充当从句的任何成分），that,（不充当从句的任何成分，无词义）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 连接副词：when, where, how, why
名词性从句的三个基本要素
要素一：引导词 也就是引导名词性从句的关联词。这些引导词可分为三类,一是that类，二是if / whether类，三是疑问词类。既然是引导词，所以这些词就总是位于名词性从句的最前面。
要素二：语序 名词性从句都必须与陈述句语序相同，即“主语＋谓语”。尤其是当名词性从句由“疑问词”引导时，不能受疑问句的影响而误用疑问句词序。事实上，任何一种从句，其语序都必须与陈述句的语序相同。
误：I didn’t know where did he live.正：I didn’t know where he lived.我不知道他住哪儿。误：Who will he marry remains unknown.正：Who he will marry remains unknown.他同谁结婚还不知道
要素三：时态 1.当主句的谓语动词是过去式时，宾语从句若不是一个客观事实或真理，其谓语动词也必须用某种过去时态。如：
She said that she didn't want to know.她说她不想知道。
I asked her whether she would agree.我问她是否会同意(from www.xiexiebang.com)。2.when, if 这两个词既可引导名词性从句，也可引导状语从句。当它们引导名词性从句且表示将来意义时，要直接使用将来时态；但当它们引导状语从句且表示将来意义时，则必须用一般现在时表示将来意义。如：
I don’t know when he will come, but when he comes, I’ll call you.我不知道他什么时候，但当他来的时候，我会打电话给你。
句中第一个when 引导的是宾语从句，故用将来时态表示将来意义；第二个when 引导的是时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表示将来意义。
1.备考主语从句应注意以下三点
一是从句作主语，主句谓语动词用第三人称单数；
二是主语从句通常用it作形式主语，尤其是在It is +名词 / 形容词 / 过去分词+that„中，或在It seems / happens that„中，或疑问句中；
三要注意由what, whatever, whoever引导的主语从句一般不用形式主语。2.备考宾语从句应注意以下四点
一是介词后(except等除外)一般不跟that引导的宾语从句，但可接疑问词引导的宾语从句；
二是在that引导的宾语从句后若还有补语时，要用it作形式宾语，而将that从句置于补语之后；
三是当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等时，若宾语从句要表示否定意义，往往要通过否主句来实现，即所谓否定转移；
四是虽然引导宾语从句的that有时可以省略，但若宾语从句前有插入语或有间接宾语时，that不能省略；that在与之并列的另一个宾语从句之后或者在“形式宾语it+宾补”之后时也不能省略；that从句单独回答问题时，that也不能省略。
3.备考表语从句应注意以下三点
一是除that, whether和疑问词外，as, as if, as though, because也可引导表语从句；
二要注意“that’s why+结果”以及“that’s because+原因”的区别； 三是注意the reason(why / for„)is that„句式。3.备考同位语从句应注意以下三点
一是同位语从句多在news, order, word(=news / order), idea, hope, suggestion, information, plan, thought, doubt, fear, belief等抽象名词后，说明其具体内容；
二是同位语从句与所说明的名词有时会被谓语所分开，做题时需注意；
三是引导同位语从句的有that, whether和连接副词when, where, why, how等，但绝大多数由that引导，注意同位语从句不能用which引导。
主语从句学习指要
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分在主语从句中须注意。
1.主语从句一般用it作形式主语，放在句首，而将主语从句放到句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句
（2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句
（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句
（4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：
It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that „
It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that„(1)It is possible that he has stolen the car.很可能他偷了小车。
(2)Isn’t it strange that he should not have passed the test? 他测试没有通过，难道不奇怪吗？
2.if引导主语从句时，只能用it作形式主语，放在句首，而将if引导的主语从句放到句末。如：
It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow.明天他是否去北京还不敢肯定。
3.that引导主语从句放在句首时，that不可省，但在句末口语中可省。如： That he was ill yesterday is known now.大家都已知道他昨天生了病。4.连接代词引导主语从句只能放在句首。如；
(1)Who has broken the glass is unknown.谁打破了玻璃现在还不知道。(2)What he wants is all here.他所要的东西都在这里。
5.主语从句中主句的谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式，但what引导主语从句的主句谓语动词的形式须根据句子的意思来判断。如(from www.xiexiebang.com)：
(1)How he worked it out is still a secret.他是如何把它做出来的还是一个秘密(2)What they makes in this factory are TV sets.他们在工厂里所做的东西就是电视机。
宾语从句学习指要
名词从句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。如：
He asked what you were doing last night.他问你昨天夜晚在干什么。
I didn’t know that he was wounded in the accident.我原来不知道他在那事故中受了伤。
在宾语从句中须注意：
1.that 在口语中常被省略，但在正式的文体中，不能省；并且它一般不能引导介词的宾语从句，但可引导except, but, in 等少数介词的宾语从句。如：
I didn’t know(that)he was Li Lei.我不知道他就是李蕾。
I will do anything I can to help you except that I’m ill.只要我身体舒服，我愿做任何事情来帮助你。
2.动词advise, ask, demand, desire, insist(坚决主张), order, propose, request, suggest(建议)等代的宾语从句须用虚拟语气，即：(should)do的形式。
He asked that we(should)get there before nine o’clock.他要求我们在九点钟之前赶到那儿。
The teacher advised us that we(should)not waste our time.老师劝告我们不要浪费时间了。
4.宾语从句的时态与主句的时态须呼应。即：
1)当主句谓语动词的时态是现在时或将来时，从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态表示。如：He always says that he is our good friend.他总是说他是我们的好朋友。
When the teacher knows what we have done, he will say that we have done a good deed.当老师知道我们所干的事情时，他会说我们做了一件好事。
2)当主句谓语动词的时态为过去时（could, would除外），从句的谓语动词须用响应的过去时。如：
He didn’t tell us he came from Shanghai.他没有告诉我们他来自上海。He said he had read the book.他说他读过这本书。
3)但当从句的内容是客观真理或客观事实，而不受时间的限制时，即使主句谓语动词为过去时，从句仍用一般现在时。如：
When we were children, we were told that China is in the east of the world.我们还是小孩子的时候，人们就告诉我们说中国在世界的东方。
表语从句学习指要
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。如：
My idea is that he can teach children English in this school.我的想法是他能够在这所学校教孩子们英语。
表语从句中应注意：
1.连接词that一般不能省略，但当主句中含动词do的某种形式时，that可以省略。如：
What I want to do is(that)I can go up to him and thank him.我想做的事是走到身边去感谢他。
2.当句子的主语是：advice, demand, decision, desire, idea, insistence, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish等名词时，表语从句须用虚拟语气，即：should +do。如：
My advice is that you should go to apologize to him.我的建议是你应该去向他道歉。
同位语从句学习指要
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，这个从句就是同位语从句。如：
He told us the truth that he fell down from his bike this afternoon.他告诉了我们他从单车上摔下来这一真相。
同位语中应注意：
1.高中所学能带同位语从句的名词不多，常见的有：answer, belief, conclusion, decision, discovery, doubt, explanation, fact, hope, idea, information, knowledge, law, message, news, opinion, order, possibility, problem, promise, proof, proposal, question, report, risk, rumor, story, suggestion, truth, theory, thought, wish, word等。如：
Hw sent us a message that he won’t come next week.他送信来告诉我们说，下周他不来了。
There is no doubt that he is fit for this job.毫无疑问，它适合这一工作。2.表示“命令、建议、要求” advice, demand, decision, desire, idea, insistence, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish 等名词的同位语，须用虚拟语气。如：
He made clear his desire that he should work hard to go to college.他已清楚的表明了他要努力学习考上大学这一愿望。
Soon came the order that all the people should obey the rules.不久命令下来了，所有的人不得违犯制度。
3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
(1)被修饰的词不同。同位语从句的前面一般是数量有限的、表示抽象意义的名词；而定语从句的先行词是无数的指人或物名词。
(2)从句的作用不同。同位语从句表示同位名词的具体内容；而定语从句是对先行词—名词的限制、描绘或说明。
(3)引导词的作用不同。引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不担任任何成分，但不能省略；而引导定语从句的that为关系代词，在从句中担任句子的某种成分，当担任定语从句中的宾语时，that可以省略。
I had no idea that you were here．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
(4)引导词不同。定语从句不能用what, how, whether引导；而同位从句可以用what, how, whether引导。
(5)判定定语从句和同位语从句的方法。同位语从句可充当同位名词的表语；而定语从句不能充当先行词的表语。
注意2 连接词的选用问题
A．that，whether，if，as if(限用于表语从句)都不作句子的任何成分。因此，它们所引导的句子结构必须完整。that 一般用于确定的语气中，引导宾语从句时，口语中的that可省略，而其他情况中的that一般不可省；而whether，if一般用于不确定的语句中。如：
(1)That he learnt English before is certain.他学过英语是肯定的。(2)I don’t know whether / if he will come.我不知道他是否会来。(3)He looks as if he knows the answer.看起来他好像知道答案。B．whether和if 1)whether可用于任何名词性从句中，而一般只能用于宾语从句中。如果if引导主语从句时，只能放在句中，而不能置于句首。如：
(1)Whether he will come or not doesn’t matter.—It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not.他来还是不来都没关系。
(2)Do you know if / whether his words are true.你知道他的话是否真实吗？ 2)whether可与or not连用，而if则不可以。如
(1)I’m not sure whether / if he can overcome the difficulties.我没有把握他能否克服这些困难。
(2)The radio didn’t say whether it would rain or not tomorrow.收音机并没有报道明天是否下雨。
3)若用if会产生歧义时，则用whether。
(1)Let me know whether he will come.告诉我他是否会来。
(2)Let me know if he will come.可理解为：告诉我他是否会来。也可理解为：如果他愿意来，就告诉我一声。
4)whether可与不定式连用，而if不可以。
Have you decided whether to go there tomorrow? 明天是否去那儿，你决定了吗？(句子中的whether不能用if替换)5)whether引导的从句可作某些介词及动词discuss的宾语，而if则不可以。如：(1)They are talking about whether they will take part in the strike.他们在谈论他们是否要参加这次罢工。
(2)They are discussing whether they can employ the new way.他们在讨论他们是否可以采用这种新的方法。
(以上两个句子中的whether 不能用if替换)6)宾语从句若为否定句，连接词则用if 而不用whether。如：
Do you know if he hasn’t been to Washington? 你知道他是否没有去过华盛顿吗？ 此句子中的If不能用whether替换。
C．连接代词、连接副词都作句子的成分，因此，选用时须确定从句是否缺少成分，然后再确定选用适当的连接词。如：
(1)I don’t know ________ he lives.(2)I don’t know ________ he lives there.(3)I don’t know ________ he lives there by fishing.(4)I don’t know ________ he likes.根据从句里面的成分，句子(1)可填地点、方式等连接词where / how；句子(2)可填that, whether / if，原因连接副词why 或方式连接副词how；句子(3)可填that, whether / if，原因连接副词why；句子(4)缺少宾语，可填what。否定转移
1)将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don't think I know you.我想我并不认识你。
I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回来。
注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
I hope you weren't ill.我想你没有生病吧。
2)将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。
It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪去。
It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。
3)有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。
I don't remember having ever seen such a man.我记得从未见过这样一个人。(not否定动名词短语 having„)
It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。
(anyone 作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。)
4)有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。
The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.(否定状语)蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。
He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so.(否定because状语)他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何，就轻信此事。
She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty.(否定状语many weeks)她结婚还不到几个星期，这个人的弟弟就看见她了，并对她的美貌着了迷。
1.See the flags on top of the building? That was______ we did this morning.A.when B.which C.where D.what 解析：what引导表语从句，在从句中做did的宾语。when引导表语从句时，在从句中作时间状语，表示“当„„的时候”。which引导表语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，意为“哪一个”，表示在有限的范围内中的某一个。where引导表语从句时，在从句中作状语，表示“在„„地方”。
2.Please remind me______ he said he was going.I may be in time to see him off..(全国卷Ⅰ)
A.where B.when C.how D.What 解析：when引导宾语从句，在从句中作时间状语，意为“当„„的时候”。根据所提供的情景I may be in time to see him off.可判断出说话人请求对方提醒的是走的时间。在这个句子中，he said是插入语，remind me when he was going表示“提醒我他什么时候走”。where引导宾语从句表示“在„„地方”。how引导宾语从句表示“如何”。what在宾语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
3.--–What did your parents think about your decision? — They always let me do I think I should.(全国卷Ⅱ)A.when B.that C.how D.what 解析：what引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。should后省略了do，所以what应该是做宾语。when引导宾语从句时，在从句中作状语，表示“当„„的时候”。that引导宾语从句时，只起连接作用，不作任何成分。how引导宾语从句时，表示“如何”。4.— Could you do me a favor? — It depends on ______it is.(北京卷)A.which B.whichever C.what D.whatever 解析：what引导宾语从句，作is的表语。which引导宾语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，意为“哪一个”，表示在有限的范围内中的某一个。whichever引导宾语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，意为“任何哪一个”，表示在有限的范围内中的某一个。whether引导宾语从句时的意思是“是否”。5.There is much chance ______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.(天津卷)A.that B.which C.until D.If 解析：that引导同位语从句，具体说明chance的内容。that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何成分。which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。until引导时间状语从句，表示某个动作一直延续到until从句的谓语所表示的动作发生。if引导条件状语从句。6.One advantage of playing the guitar is _____ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.A.how B.why C.that D.when 解析：that引导的是表语从句。空格后的句子是一个成分完整的句子。That只起连接作用，在表语从句中不充当任何成分
7.He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ____ his teammates had done.(上海卷)A.what B.which C.why D.while 解析：what引导的从句是mentioning的宾语从句，what在从句中充当宾语。8.We haven’t settled the question of ______ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A.if B.where C.whether D.That 解析：whether引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，表示“是否”，表示“我们还没有解决对他来说是否出国学习的问题”。if引导宾语从句时，不用于介词后。where引导宾语从句时，在从句中作状语，意为“在„„地方”。that引导宾语从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分。
9.makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever 解析：what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。表示这个商店经常提供个性化服务使得它与众不同。who引导主语从句表示“谁”。whatever引导主语从句表示“无论什么”，表示强调任何一件事都可使这个商店与众不同与上文矛盾。whoever引导主语表示“无论谁”，表示无论谁都可以使这个商店与众不同。
10._______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.A.As B.That C.This D.It 解析：本句是that从句作主语，it作先行词，that从句在句末。that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。
11.With his work completed,the businessman stepped back to his seat,feeling pleased________he was a man of action.(湖南卷)A.which B.that C.what D.whether 解析：feeling pleased后接宾语从句。that引导宾语从句时，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略。which引导宾语从句时，在从句作主语、宾语、表语或定语，意为“哪一个”，表示在有限的范围内的某一个。what引导宾语从句时，在从句作主语、宾语、表语。whether引导宾语从句的意思是“是否”。12.___ _ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A.No matter what B.No matter which C Whatever D.whichever 解析：周六无论哪个队获胜都将进入国家队锦标赛。no matter how(what, when, where, who)意思是“不管怎样/什么/何时/哪里/谁”；whichever，“无论哪一个，任何一个”；whenever“无论何时，随时，只要”。
13.I just wonder ____ that makes him so excited.(山东卷)A.why it does B.what he does C.how it is D.what it is 解析：这个题要分两部分来分析，前一部分是宾语从句，用what引导，后一部分是强调句，对what进行强调。
14.Engines are to machines ____ hearts are to animals.(山东卷)A.as B.that C.what D.which 解析：what引导表语从句，在从句中在表语。to machines和to animals作状语，意为“对机器来说”、“对动物来说”。as用于引导定语从句，意为“正如”。that引导表语从句只起连接作用，不作任何成分。which引导表语，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，意为“哪一个”。
15.A warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday．(安徽卷)A．if B．when C．that D．which 解析：that引导同位语从句，具体说明thought的内容。that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何成分。if不用于同位语从句，表示“是否”要用whether。when引导同位语从句表示“当„„的时候”，for my mother’s birthday已表明了时间，所以这是错误选项。which引导同位语从句表示“哪一个”，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。16.— It’s thirty years since we last met.— But I still remember the story, believe it or not,________ we got lost on a rainy night.(四川卷)A.which B.that C.what D.when 解析：我们可以把此题的结构作一调整来看，就会发现此题很简单：But believe it or not, I still remember the story ____ we got lost on a rainy night.很明显，此题应该是一个同位语从句。因为we got lost on a rainy night就是story的具体内容。而且空白处所填的词在后面的从句中没有任何意思，也不做任何成分。
1.____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.(全国卷II)A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which 解析：what引导主语从句,在从句中作主语。句意为“学习英语至关重要的是最足够的练习”。故选A项。why引导主语从句时,在从句中作状语,意为“为什么”。where引导主语从句时,在从句作地点状语,意为“在„„地方”。which引导主语从句时,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语,意为“哪一个”。
2.______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.A.That B.What C.Whether D.Where 解析：what引导主语从句，并在从句中作referred to的宾语。that引导主语从句时，在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分。whether意为“是否”。where意为“在„„地方”。3.The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.(上海卷)A.when B.why C.whether D.That 解析：that引导表语从句，在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分。“...we sleep because our brain is” programmed “to make us to so”是一个完整的句子，所以要用that引导。when和where在表语从句中作状语，分别表示“在„„的时候”和“在„„地方”。whether意为“是否”。
4.Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales ,please? A．anyone B．someone C．whoever D．nomatter who 解析：whoever意为“任何人,无论谁”,引导宾语从句,作介词to的宾语。同时whoever在从句中作主语。anyone意为“任何一个人”。someone意为“有人,某人”。都不能引导宾语从句。no matter who意为“无论谁”,用于引导让步状语从句,而不能引导宾语从句。5.You can only be sure of_________ you have at present;you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future.(安徽卷)A.that;what B.what;/ C.which;that D./;that 解析：what引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，what在宾语从句中作have的宾语。something后接定语从句，可以省略that。
6.It is none of your business other people think about you.Believe yourself.(福建卷)A.how B.what C.which D.when 解析：what引导主语从句，并在从句中作think about的宾语。it作形式主语。为了使句子保持平衡，常用it代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面。how引导主语从句时，在从句中作方式状语，意为“如何”。which引导主语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语，意为“哪一个”。when引导主语从句时，在从句中作时间状语，意为“当„„的时候”。
7.Having checked the doors were closed , and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.(湖南卷)A.why B.that C.when D.where 解析：that引导宾语从句,在从句中只起连接作用,不作任何成分,常被省略,但当谓语后接两个或两个以上宾语从句时,第一个that可以省略,第二个that不能省略。故选B项。why引导宾语从句意为“为什么”。when引导宾语从句，意为“当„„的时候”。where引导宾语从句意为“在„„地方”。
8.Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______ you want to use it for.A.what B.why C.how D.Whether 解析：what引导宾语从句,作介词on的宾语。what在从句中作for的宾语,表示选择正确的词典依赖于你使用它做什么，故选A项。why引导宾语从句时,在从句作原因状语,意为“为什么”。how引导宾语从句时,在从句作方式状语,意为“如何”。whether引导宾语从句时,意为“是否”。
9.parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A.That B.Which C.What
D.As 解析：what引导主语从句，在从句中作say和do的宾语，表示“父母说的话和做的事”。which和what都可以引导宾语从句，并都可以在宾语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语，但which指已知中的未知，范围较窄，所指事物比较明确，含有选择的意味。what却指未知，范围较宽，所指事物比较含糊。that引导宾语从句时，在从句只起连接作用不担当任何成分。as用于引导定语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、时间状语从句等。
10.The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer.Warm sunshine and soft sands make ________ it is.(天津卷)A.what B.which C.how D.Where 解析：what引导宾语从句,同时在从句中作is的表语。which引导宾语从句意为“哪一个”,含有选择的意味。how引导宾语从句，意为“如何”,表示动作的方式。where引导宾语从句，意为“在„„地方”。
11.Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are.A.where B.what C.when D.why 解析：where在此引导表语从句，表示“„„的地方”，又如：This is where the river is deepest.这是河流的最深处。This is where I first met her.这就是我初次与她会面的地方。The coat is where you left it.大衣还在你原来放的地方。1．The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T-shirt ______ the season.A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however 解析：此题考查 — ever 的用法, whatever 后接名词或陈述性的句子.2．Students are always interested in finding out_____they can go with a new teacher.A.how far B.how soon C.how often D.how long 解析：how far 在这儿表示相处到什么程度，3． _____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A.It B.What C.As D.Which 解析：此题是由it引导的主语从句，it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的陈述句.如果用as,则应该说As is known to us all , the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.4．When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.（湖南卷）
A.what B.why C.whom D.which 解析：what 引导宾语从句, 从句中缺少宾语
5.______ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A.It
B.This C.What
D.As 解析：分析可知what 引导主语从句, 主语从句中缺少主语
6.Animals suffered at the hands of Man ___ they were destroyed by people to make way for agriculture had to provide food for more people.A.in which B.for which C.so that D.in that 解析：in 介词, 在 „„方面, that 引导宾语从句, 做介词in的宾语, 例如, Human beings are different from animals in that man can create and use tools.7.______wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.（浙江卷）A.Anyone B.The one C.Whoever D.Who 解析：whoever 引导主语从句,从句缺少主语, 表示无论是谁, 不强调具体人, 等于any one who 8.Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.（浙江卷）A.what B.that C.which D.one 解析： what 引导宾语从句, 做介词from的宾语, 宾语从句缺少宾语
9.The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.（北京卷）
A.which B.that C.what D.who 解析：what 引导宾语从句, 做动词create的宾语, 宾语从句缺少will be的主语
10.The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.A.where B.how C.when D.why 解析：when 引导表语从句
11.People in Chongqing are proud of _ _ they have achieved, in the past ten years.（重庆卷）
A.that B.which C.what D.how 解析：what 引导宾语从句, 宾语从句中缺少宾语
12.All people, __ they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.（重庆卷）
A.even if B.whether C.no matter D.however 解析：Whether引导状语从句，不管是年轻的还是年纪大的, 穷的还是富的
13.As his best friend , I can make accurate guesses about ___he will do or think.A.what B.which
C.whom D.that 解析：what引导宾语从句, 做介词about 的宾语, 宾语从句中缺少宾语.14.It has been proved ___ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.(上海卷)A.if B.because
C.when D.That 解析：此题考查that引导的主语从句的用法。句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是eating vegetables in „life,所以要that引导这个主语从句，而that不作任何成分，也没有意义.1.___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET 1995)
A.There B.This C.That D.It
答案D。当名词从句在句中作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语从句放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无实义。此句也可以改写为：That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.2．A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001）
A．how B．after C．what D．when
答案C。从句子结构可知，句子的空白处应该填引导宾语从句的连词，做主句谓语动词do的宾语，同时该连接词还是从句中的do的宾语，因此，此处的连接词应该用what。
3.What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．（上海2001年春季招生）
A.when B.how C.whether D.why
答案C。这是一个表语从句。根据 doubt一词可知，所怀疑的应是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。这句话的意思是“医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能很快从重病中恢复过来。”
4．It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever
答案B。根据句意“一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不好的。”可以看出后面的从句应是一个宾语从句，而从句中wants缺少宾语，A.however 和D.whenever是不能作宾语的；排除A和D，whichever表示“无论哪一个，无论哪些”，应表示一定范围内的人或物，此处没有涉及事物的范围，所以应选 B．whatever，表示“无论什么”。
5.______leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.(MET1988)
A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who
答案C。本题句子的意思是：无论谁最后离开房间一定要把灯关掉。本题考查连接代词whoever引导的名词性从句，连接代词whoever可以引导名词性从句，并在从句中作主语，相当于any person who或The person who, 意为“一切„„的人”。而anyone和the person均非连词，不能引导从句，况who leaves the room last意为“某个最后离开房间的人”，与题意不符，如果要选A.Anyone或B.The person，都必须在它们后面再加上引导定语从句的关系代词who。如果要选D.Who就体现不出“无论谁”的含义了。
6.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who
答案为C。本题句子的意思是：Sarah希望跟自己有共同爱好的人交朋友。疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别是：前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句；后者只能引导让步状语从句。首先排除A和D，从句中需要的是主语，所以whomever也不行。
7.I still remember ______ this used to be a quiet village.(NMET1993)
A.when B.how C.where D.what
答案A。根据从句中缺少的句子成分是状语，排除D．what，而答案C, D均与题意不符，所以应选A．when。used to be表示一种过去存在的状态，本句的意思是“我仍然记得这里在什么时候是个宁静的地方。”
8．I read about it in some book or other，does it matter ____ it was？
A．where B．what C．how D．which
答案D。这是一个主语从句。主语从句中缺少表语。从上句的意思分析，应是哪本书，所以要填which，这句话的意思是“我在某本书中读到过有关这方面的内容，是哪一本书重要吗？”。
9.Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C when D.as(2001年上海)
答案B。该题考查that引导的同位语从句。同位语从句通常由that引导，接在fact, news, promise, possibility, information, doubt, message名词后，用来解释或说明名词的内容。
10.—I think it is going to be a big problem.—Yes, it could be.—I wonder ______ we can do about it.(北京 2002春季)
A、if B、how C、what D、that
答案C。本题考察名词性从句的连接词的用法。wonder后面应跟宾语从句，而从句中的谓语动词do是及物动词，可见从句缺少一个代替宾语的成分，我们可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引导方式状语的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我们能就此做些什么”。
第二篇：名词性从句讲解
名词性从句讲解
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下5个方面 1.考查名词性从句的语序问题
2.考查引导词that与what的区别
3.考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法
4.考查whether与if的区别
5.考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题 语法要点剖析
一、名词性从句
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连接词：that, whether, if（不充当从句的任何成分）
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词：when, where, how, why 1.主语从句
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句
（2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句
（4）It + 不及物动词 + that从句 It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that„
It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that „ It is said(reported, believed, known, etc.)that„ It does not matter(seems,appears etc)„ 2.宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可略，且并列句之间由and连接。He has told me(that)he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。He found(that)he lost himself in the forest and that he had no way to dicide the right directions.他发现自己在树林里迷路了，而他又无法确定正确的方向。
注意：在demand、order、suggest、insist, desire,等表示要求、命令、建议、等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。
I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。2.用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句实为一般疑问句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；
c.引导从句作介词宾语时；
d.从句后有“or not”时；
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用 不同时态。
I know(that)he will study English next year.（从句用一般将来时）
当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。
The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America． Our teacher told us that the earth runs around the sun
5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。We don’t think you are here.我们认为你不在这。I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不会这样做。3.表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。
The fact is that we have lost the game.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.那就是他为什么不到会的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning 4.同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如： The news that we won the game is exciting.我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。I have no idea when he will come back home.我不知道他什么时候回来。同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
I had no idea that you were here．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life ？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
第三篇：名词性从句讲解
名词性从句与高考试题
名词性从句的界定与分类：
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句中的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。从属连词that, if, whether;
连接代词who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever, what, whatever, whose;连接副词where, when, why, how。
其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分，而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分.名词性从句均不能用逗号和主句分开。
一、主语从句：
定义：一个从句在复合句中作主句的主语，这个从句就叫主语从句。
二、主语从句的表现形式： １.由从属连词引导的主语从句：
a.Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is something we must discuss.b.That light travels in straight line is known to all.２.由连接代词引导的主语从句： a.What we need is more time.b.Whichever book you choose doesn’t matter to me.c.Whoever comes will be welcome.３.由连接副词引导的主语从句：
a.When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced ． b.Where he has been is still a puzzle.c.How much water is flowing can be measured easily.三、关于形式主语 it
主语从句放在句首往往显得头重脚轻，不太平衡，因此，在大多数情况下都是在主语的位置上用一个形式主语 it，而把主语从句移到句未去。
关于形式主语 it: 以 it 作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用句型有：（1）It + be + 形容词 + that/wh-从句
It is quite clear that Tom was fond of music.（2）It + be + 名词 + that/wh-从句
It is a pity that she has made such a foolish mistake.可应用于此句型的名词还有fact / shame / honor / question等。（3）It + be + 过去分词 + that/wh-从句
It’s not yet decided that when the test will be given.（4）It seems, happens 等不及物动词 + that/wh-从句 It happened that I didn’t take any money with me.但以下情况往往必须用it作形式主语，主语从句一般不能放在句首。a.It doesn’t matter whether he likes or not.b.It’s said that the highway will be open to traffic next year.c.Is it likely that it will snow in the afternoon? 练习：
1． ____ you don't like him is none of my business．（92上海）A．What B．Who C．That D．Whether A．What B．That C．This D．Which
2． ____ she couldn't understand was _____fewer and fewer students showed interests in her lessons．（2000上海）
A．What；why B．That；what C．What；because D．Why；that
3． ____has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising．（99上海）A．Who B．The one C．Anyone D．Whoever
4． ____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have．（NMET96）A．What；what B．What；that C．That；that D．That；what
5． ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather．（NMET96）A．If B．Whether C．That D．Where
6． ____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present．（MET93）A．What B．That C．The fact D．The matter 二, 表语从句：
定义：一个从句在复合句中作主句的表语，这个从句就叫作表语从句。可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。
1.The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking.2.The question remains whether we can win the people.3.That’s just what I want.4.This is where our problem lies.5.The difficulty is how I can help smokers kick their habit.值提注意的是：
1.表语从句的表现形式除了用从属连词，连接代词和连接副词引导以外，还可以由as, as if ,as though引导.Things were not as they seemed.It looks as if it is going to rain.2、另外还要注意以下常用的两种结构：
The reason why…is that …(而不用 because。)It(this, that)is because…
The reason why he was dismissed is that he didn’t work hard.It is because the tobacco companies want to remain in business.练习：
1.What the doctors really doubt is____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．
A．when B．how C．whether D．why
2.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week． —Is that ____ you had a few days off？（NMET99）A．why B．when C．what D．where
3.Go and get your coat．It's____ you left it．（MET92）A．there B．where C．there where D．where there
4.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella．____I got wet all through．（98上海）A．It's the reason B．That's why C．There's why D．It's how 三，同位语从句：
定义：在复合句中，用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。
同位语从句一般由 that, whether 等连词引导，常放在 advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, question, reason, truth, word, suggestion.等名词的后面，说明该名词的具体内容。
l.The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world.2.I have no idea when he will be back.3.The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.4.He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
I had no idea that you were here．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
练习：
1.Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities．（2001上海）
A．while B．that C．when D．as
2.______ is no possibility _______.Bob can win the first prize I the match.(上海2001春)A、There;that B、It;what C、There;whether D、It;whether 四，宾语从句
定义：一个从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，这个从句就叫作宾语从句。宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾词，介词的宾语，某些形容词的宾语以及非谓语动词的宾语。1．及物动词后的宾语从句：
She will give whoever needs help a warm support.I wonder why she refused my invitation.2．介词后的宾语从句：
I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.The teacher is satisfied with what she has said.3．某些形容词后的宾语从句：
I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work.We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us.关于形式宾语it
We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.练习：
1.When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule：Always give the monky exactly____ he wants．（2002年春季上海）A．what B．which C．when D．that
2.—I think it's going to be a big problem ． —Yes，it could be．
—I wonder ____ we can do about it．（2002春季北京、安徽、内蒙古）A．if B．how C．what D.that
3.A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001）A．how B．after C．what D．when
4.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster____ he had done the day before． A．that B．how C．where D．what
5.These wild flowers are so special that I would do ____ I can to save them（2000春季北京、安徽）A．whatever B．that C．which D．whichever
6.Eat ____ cake you like and leave the others for ____ comes in late．（2000春季上海）A．any；who B．every；whoever C．whichever；whoever D．either；whoever
7.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants．（NMET97）A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever
8.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____shares her interests．（95上海）A．anyone B．whom ever C．whoever D．no matter who
学习名词性从句时要注意以下几点：
1.在名词性从句中，疑问句要用陈述句的语序。例如：
Someone is ringing the doorbell．Go and see ____．（2000上海）A．who is he B．who he is C．who is it D．who it is Can you make sure ____the gold ring ？（MET90）
A．where Alice had put B．where had Alice put C．where Alice has put D．where has Alice put
You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents．（94上海）A．how they were excited B．how excited they were C．how excited were they D．they were how excited
2.动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句时，其后宾语从句常用 that 作连接词；用在肯定句时，连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用 that。
Do you doubt that he will win ? I don't doubt that your proposition is wrong.He doubt whether I know it.3.否定转移问题。在主句为第一人称主语后跟 think , believe , suppose , expect , guess , imagine 等动词时，宾语从句的否定形式应转移到主句中。We don't expect he will come tonight , will he ? 4.主谓一致问题。
What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world． What I bought were three English books． 5.语气问题
a.在含有 suggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , insist, desire, require, advise 等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，that从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”的结构
I suggest we(should)set off at once.b.在It is ＋过去分词＋that的主语从句中 decided，demanded，desired，insisted，ordered，proposed，suggested，recommended，requested，required等。It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening． c.在表语从句或同位语从句中。
The suggestion that the mayor(should)present the prizes was accepted by everyone．
d.在It is（was）＋形容词＋that从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should ＋）动词原形，表示建议或不满、惊奇等情绪。常用于此类的形容词有 essential，important，natural，necessary，possible，strange，等。It is necessary that a college student ________ at least a foreign language．（上海1993）
A．masters B．should master C．mastered D．will master 6．What引导名词从句的特殊含义:
What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality．
(what为“所……的事”，相当于“the thing that．．．；all that．．．；everything that．．．”)After ________ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed．
A．what B．when C．that D．which
He is not what he was a few years ago． Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？ What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world． Our income is now double what it was ten years ago
第四篇：名词性从句及习题
高中语法
名词性从句
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 语法要点剖析
一、名词性从句
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连接词：that, whether, if（不充当从句的任何成分）
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词：when, where, how, why
主语从句
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义,不充当成分，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
What he wants to tell us is not clear.（what既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，并从句中充当成分）
It is known to us how he became a writer.（how既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，并从句中充当成分）
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.（where既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，并从句中充当成分）
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句
（2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句（4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：
It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that „ It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that„
It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that„
表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。
其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。例如： The fact is that we have lost the game.That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.It looks as if it is going to rain.需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train this morning
宾语从句
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.234567891011-
第五篇：名词性从句
名词性从句
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。一．引导名词性从句的连接词
1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if(whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。二.名词性从句的分类如下
（一）主语从句
主语从句的句型.引导词有疑问词wh-及whether/if及that.1、主语从句在复合句作主语。疑问词引导e.g.Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。
3、If/whether 引导e.g.It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.4．It+be+adj(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,likely,certain,probable,etc)/名词词组（no wonder,an honor , a good thing,a pity,etc)+that从句 e.g.It’s certain that she will do well in the exam/It’s no surprise that our team has won the game.5．It+be+过去分词（said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,etc)+that从句
e.g.It’s said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing.Note:that引导主语从句时，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略，但that从句置于开头时不能省略。e.g.That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.（二）表语从句
表语从句的句型及要点。引导词疑问词wh-及whether及that.1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。疑问词引导的： e.g.The question was who could go there.Note: 引导表语从句的连接词that一般不可省去。
e.g.My idea is that we can get more comrades to help in the work.连接词that一般不能省略，但当主句中含动词do的某种形式时，that可以省略。如： What I want to do is(that)I can go up to him and thank him.我想做的事是走到身边去感谢他
（三）宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导词有疑问词wh-及whether、if(if 和whether 有区别）及that.引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。e.g.I hope(that)everything is all right.Note:以下情况that不可省略：(不考查）
1.当宾语从句的主语是that时。2.2.当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时 Father promised that I studied harder he would take me to Beijing.3.当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可以省略外，其余从句中的that都不可以省略。
4当that偶尔作except和in的宾语时。This book is unsatisfactory in that it lacks a good index.中，that it lacks a good index就是介词 in 的宾语从句，这当中的that就不能省略。
（四）同位语从句。引导词wh-及whether及that.同位语从句引导词有疑问词wh-及whether及that.同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。e.g.I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.名词性从句易混知识归纳
易混点一 ：同位语从句与定语从句的区别
that引导的从句，是定语从句还是同位语从句，我们我们采用“试加 法”，来判断。The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.This is the fact that you must know clearly.1.when、where、why引导的从句
引导定语从句时，其意义与先行词有关，与先行词的意义基本相同，没有疑问意义；但引导同位语从句时，其意义完全与疑问词相同，即when表示什么时候，where表示哪儿，引导两种从句时，都在从句中做状语。如： I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.句中的when相当于“on the day”它没有疑问词“什么时候”的意义，因此是定语从句。
I have no idea when she will be back.when与idea毫无意义上的关联，其意思是“什么时候”,因而是同位语从句。易混点二：reason后面的名词性从句
reason做主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因是要用that引导，一般不用because或why，而用it，this或that做主语时，后面的表语从句可用because或why引导。
1.“The reason +连系动词+that“引导的表语从句。本句型的意思是：理由是：。。。The reason was that he fell ill.2.It（或This、That）+连系动词+the reason+why引导的定语从句。本句型意为：这就是。。。的原因（理由）That is the reason why he failed in the contest, 3.It（或This、That）+连系动词+the reason+because引导的表语从句。本句型意为：这是因为。。。；这是由于。。。的缘故。That was because he fell ill.4.It（或This、That）+连系动词+why引导的表语从句。本句型意为：这就是。。。的原因。
That was why he fell ill.易混点三：what、whatever、who、whoever等引导的名词性从句 我们可以通过与定语从句的转化知道两组在意义上的差别。Whatever=anything that（无论什么）Whoever=anyone who（无论谁）
Whenever=any time=no matter when（无论何时）Wherever=any place=no matter where（无论何地）这都是泛指。而what、who、when、where则是特指。如： Who spoke at the meeting is unknown The person that spoke at the meeting is unknown.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.注意：1.whatever、whoever、whenever、wherever等常引导主语从句、宾语或表语从句，也可以引导状语从句，等于“no matter +疑问词”。而no matter +疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。Eg：Whatever I said/No matter what I said, he wouldn’t listen to me..2whoever的宾格还是whoever，一般不用whomever。易混点 whether与if（不做考查）
二者都可以作“是否”讲，能引导名词性从句，都不能省略。1.在及物动词后引导宾语从句时可以互换；
注意：在某些动词后（如:discuss）只能接whether，不能跟if。如： We discussed whether we should close the shop.2.引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时都用whether，不用if。如：
The question whether he should come himself or send another man hasn’t been decided.Whether he will win is all the same to me.The question is whether you can go there yourself.但如果主语从句是有It用作形式主语，if和whether都可以 It is unknown whetherif she is ill.3宾语从句中，如果whether后紧跟or not，不用换做if；若whether与or not分开使用，则可以换作if。如： I wonder whether or not he has arrived at the destination.I don’t know whetherif I can come or not.4.若宾语从句为否定结构，则多用if，而不用whether。如： I don’t care if he doesn’t show up.（炫耀）
5.在介词后引导宾语从句或与带to的动词不定式结合而构成不定式的复合结构时，只能用whether，而不用if。如：
I haven’t settled the question of whether I will go back home.She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait.练习：名词性从句
1.Do you see _____ I mean? 2.Tell me_____ is on your mind.3.We must stick to _____ we have agreed on.4.Let me see _____I can repair the radio or not.5.Keep in mind _____ the teacher said 6.Could you advise me _____ book I should read first? 7.He was criticized for _____ he had done.8.Would you kindly tell me _____ I can get to the Beijing Railway Station? 9.Mrs.Smith was very much impressed by _____ she had seen in China.10.We took it for granted ___ they were not coming.11.I really don't know _____ I should do next.12.I'm afraid _____ the little girl will have to be operated on.13.She walked up to _____ I stood.14.Can you tell me _____ that gentleman is? 15.We'll give you _____ you need.16.They want us to know _____ they can do to help us.17.We must put _____ we have learned into practice.18.Did she say anything about _____ the work was to be done yesterday? 19.He was never satisfied with _____ she had achieved in her work.20.These photographs will show you _____ our village looks like.21.Peter insisted _____ he pay the bill for the dinner.22.They urged _____ the library open during the vacation.23.We wish we could have learned _____ you did when we were at high school.24.1 will describe to you _____ I saw when I go there.25.From _____ 1 know of him I should say he is a good worker.26.I will give this dictionary to __ wants to have it.27._____ they will come here hasn' t been decided yet.28._____ was said here must be kept secret.29.It is still a question _____ we shall have our sports meet.30.It is strange _____ she have left without saying a word.31.It is very clear _____ our policy is a correct one.32._____ Mr Zhang said is quite right.33.It's a great pity _____ we won’t be able to finish the task on time.34._____ you have done might do harm to other people.35._____ leaves the room last ought to turn oft the lights.36._____ the 2008 Olympic Games were held in Beijing is known to all.37._____ fails to see this will make a big mistake.38.__ we need more equipment is quite obvious.39.Has it been announced _____ the planes are to take off? 40._____ is troubling me is _____ I don’t understand _____ he said 41.Things were not _____ they seemed to be.42.They are just _____ I want to have.43.That is _____ we decided to put the discussion off.44.My suggestion is _____ we should send a few comrades to help them.45.The idea _____ all people are selfish is wrong.46.We heard the news _____ our team had won.47.The fact _____ he hadn’t said anything surprised us all.48.We must keep in mind the fact _____ China is still a developing country.高考真题 2011--2013年高考
1._______ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.2.The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _____ others actually understand.3.I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is _____ he never finishes anything.4.We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know _____ she’ll accept it.5.It was never clear _____ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.6.Modern science has given clear evidence _____ smoking can lead to many diseases.7.When the news came ____ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.8.Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ____ the problem is.9.I’d like to start my own business—that’s _____ I’d do if I had the money.10.The villagers have already known ____ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.11.It is still under discussion _____ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.12.To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off _____ we are to shake hands with.13.Our teachers always tell us to belive in _____ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.14.There is clear evidence_____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret（表达）is bodily pain.2012年高考
1.We can not clear ____ the president can do to end the strike.2.The notice came around two in the afternoon _____ the meeting would be postponed.3.I made a promise to myself _____ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.4.We promise _____ attends the party a chance to have a phone taken with the movie star.5.The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ____ he reaches the limits will depend on his environment.6.It doesn’t matter____ you turn right or left at the crossing-both roads lead to the park.7.The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ____ he could find about Mark Twain.8.As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _____ suits you best.9._____ he had left keys in the office was known to us..10.Evidence has been found through years of study ___ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.2013年高考
1.I have no idea ____ the cell phone isn’t working, so could you fix it for me? 2.____ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.3.____ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.4.From space, the earth looks blue.This is ____ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.5.____ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.6.______ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.7.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ___ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.8.It’s good to know___ the dog will be well cared for while we’re away.9._____ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.10.Police have found ____ appears to be the lost ancient statue.名词性从句翻译练习
1.你不喜欢他与我无关 2.汤姆已经回来了这很清楚 3.纸是中国首先造出来的这是事实。4.你要的是两个苹果吗？ 5.老师问我们是否知道王芳在那里。6.我叔叔说他很快就会回来 7.他说的话没有一句是真的。8.这取决于你是否想做这件事。9.我为什么迟到的原因是我在半路上遇到塞车了。10.她的头发变白了使她有点担心。11.他们就何时何地举行这次多国会议达成了一致意见。
12.你们的任务是在六点钟以前想尽一切办法找些吃的回来,否则，今晚我们就得挨饿。13.我对你们学英语的建议就是多读，多听，多写。14.我们必须面对这个事实即我们已经花光了所有的钱。
15.他要医院给他做出解释的要求是合理的 16.他问我买小提琴花了多少钱。17.你想象不到他们在收到这份精美的礼物时有多么激动。
18.问题是我们应该做什么来帮助他。19.你同意我们后天去旅行的计划吗？20.什么时候，怎样回家那是他自己的决定。21.哪一只球队会取胜还不一定。22.三天后，我们听到了这样的消息我国有发射一颗人造卫星。23.任何对此事视而不见的（ignore / fail to do）人将回铸成大错。
24.运动会这个星期或是下星期开都没有关系。25.我们现在做的以前从来没有做过。36.你能告诉我这本字典是属于谁的吗？
高中名词性从句讲解与练习
参考答案 名词性从句
1~5 DBABD 6~10 DBBCA 11~15 CABCC 16~20 BADAB 21~25 CDAAA 26~30 CCCDB 31~35 ABCDB 36~40 BDACD 41~45 BCDBB 46~50 ADBAC 51~55 CCBDA 56~60 ADABB 61~65 ACDBA 高考题：2011：BDDCACCADCABDD 2012：DBCCB ADADD 2013: BCCCD CBDBD 1.That you don’t like her has nothing to do with me..2.It was very clear that Tom had returned 3.It is the fact that paper was first made in China 4 4.Are what you want two apples
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