新世纪英语专业本科生综合教程(第二版)第3册 单词汇总(含部分近反义词)

第一篇：新世纪英语专业本科生综合教程(第二版)第3册 单词汇总(含部分近反义词)

Unit 1 anthology n.(诗、文等的)选集 brigade n.旅

clasp n.紧握；紧攥；紧抱

crunchy a.发嘎吱嘎吱声的,易碎的 discreetly ad.谨慎地,小心地

S:carefully demeanor n.风度，举止，行为 S:behavior,manner flail v.鞭打;抽打 S:shake,wave

goody n.特别吸引人的东西, 美味的食品 grope v.暗中摸, 摸索 S:fumble ketchup n.番茄酱

malicious a.恶意的, 恶毒的 S:deliberate maneuver n.策略 S:method puddle n.水坑;(尤指道路上的)雨水坑 sandal n.凉鞋

shackle n.手铐,脚镣,镣铐,束缚

S:limit

reserve n.矜持,拘谨;寡言

S:shyness,modesty slink v.偷偷溜走 S:sneak sneak v.偷偷溜走 S:slink spaghetti n.意大利面条 square v.使成正方形 rear a.后面的；后部的 whereabouts n.下落, 去向 junk food 垃圾食品

tip off暗示, 警告

sb.'s heart goes out to sb.十分同情，怜悯 catch glimpse of 一瞥 live up to 不辜负

Unit 2 board v.搭伙(并寄宿)conceivably ad.可想像地，有理由相信地 coronary thrombosis n.冠状动脉血栓形成 deceased n.已故的人 S:living executive n.主管领导，管理人员，行政领导 lineup n.列队

instantly ad.马上地 S:immediately obituary n.讣告，讣闻

overweight a.过重的 A:underweight,slim precisely ad.精确地 S:accurately,exactly replacement n.更换，替代 S:successor survive v.比…活得长，幸存 S:outlive widow n.寡妇

workaholic n.工作狂 A:slacker,idler

Unit 3

anew ad.重新，再 S:again calorie n.卡路里 cappuccino n.热牛奶咖啡 contortion n.扭弯

coo v.柔声地说

debonair a.快活的 S:carefree dodge v.躲闪

eccentric a.古怪的，反常的 S:ridiculous A:conventional

esthetically ad.审美地

exasperating a.激怒的，气人的 S:furious extravagant a.放纵的 S:luxurious A:economical

habituate v.使习惯于

ludicrous a.滑稽的 S:ridiculous,foolish motel n.汽车旅馆 negotiate v.越过 pedestrian n.步行者

sedate a.安静沉着的 S:calm,quiet squash n.壁球

thrive v.繁荣，兴旺 S:flourish treadmill n.脚踏车 triumph n.胜利 unfurl v.展开 S:open

venerable a.值得尊敬的S:respectable A:dishonorable,disrespectable pull up 拔起

Unit 4

blaspheme v.亵渎;咒骂 S:curse,understate bumper n.(汽车上的)保险杠, 缓冲器 damper n.扫兴

epitome n.代表，缩影 S:representative fetish n.迷恋，盲目崇拜

flunk v.(使)(考试、某学科的成绩等)不及格 S:fail licentiousness n.放肆；无法无天 mirth n.欢乐;欢笑 A:sadness overshadow v.使(某人)相形见绌

outing n.远足 S:excursion puritan n.清教徒 reverently ad.恭敬地;虔诚地 S:respectfully A:disrespectfully

scan v.粗略地读；浏览；翻阅 S:examine swill v.大口喝,痛饮(尤指酒类)traipse v.漫步,拖曳 S:walk

Unit 5

associate n.同事，伙伴 astound v.使震惊

S:astonish

compliment v.称赞 A:criticize,insult confound v.使混淆 S:confuse consultant n.咨询师

cynicism n.玩世不恭，愤世嫉俗 A:optimism deceit n.欺骗 谎言 distinction n.明显差异 ethics n.道德标准 falter v.摇晃 feign v.假装是 fid n.小谎言

invariably ad.一直 S:constantly,always lubricant n.润滑剂

perception n.看法，洞察力 S:observation preoccupation n.当务之急

prevarication n.搪塞，支吾，闪烁其辞 S:evasion profess v.声称

proliferation n.激增 S:multiplication，growth pundit n.专家 S:expert

serial a.系列的 S:chronic,repeated tangle a.杂乱的

ubiquitous a.普遍的 S:common undermine v.逐渐削弱 A:strengthen volunteer v.自愿

warp v.曲解 偏见 S:distort blurt out 脱口而出 wear down 逐渐减弱

Unit6 accomplished a.熟练的 S:skilled aroma n.芳香

aura n.气氛，气质 S:air bard n.行吟诗人

cuddle v.拥抱 S:hug

comradeship n.友谊 S:friendship elevate v.提升 A:lower,degrade epic a.史诗般的 S:grand evolve v.进化，逐步形成 imponderable n.无法衡量的事物 lyric n.歌词

mediocre a.平凡的 S:moderate,average prosaic a.乏味的 S:simple squalid a.肮脏的 S:dirty,sordid stimulating a.刺激的 S:exciting veritable a.名副其实的 S:genuine verse n.诗

conjure up 唤起

Unit 7

apprehensively ad.担心地 S:anxiously autopsy n.验尸 S:postmortem

bountifully ad.慷慨地,大量地 S:generously A:chinchy buff n.浅黄褐色

chaser n.(饮烈酒后喝的)淡酒

confidential a.受信任的，委以机密的 creaky a.嘎吱作响的 draught n.通风

fervently a.热情地 S:eagerly,passionately A:indifferently

giddy a.眩晕的,轻浮的,不稳重的

imperceptible a.感觉不到的,细微的, 难以察觉的 S:unnoticeable A:noticeable

intensely ad.强烈的 S:profoundly A:slightly indulge v.纵容，满足 S:tolerate laxative n.轻泻药

oblige v.（根据要求或需要）帮忙，效劳 , overwhelm v.覆盖, 淹没;使某人不知所措 迫使做;使负义务，peer v.凝视, 盯着看, 端详, 仔细看 phial n.小药瓶

permanent a.永久的，永恒的 A:temporary potion n.魔力药水

rapture n.极度欢喜(a.rapt 全神贯注的，迷人的)scorn n.鄙视;轻蔑

substitute v.以...代替，取代

better off 比较富裕，更有余裕

make somebody's acquaintance与某人初次相见；结识某人 Unit 8 admixture n.混合物，附加剂

appalling a.骇人的，可怕的 S: horrifying, shocking atom n.原子

cease v.停止，结束 S:stop confer v.授予，赋予

correlative a.相关的 S:corresponding due a.适当的，充分的

egoism n.自我主义，利己主义 elixir n.长生不老药

eminent a.出众的，卓越的 S:prominent emancipation n.释放，解放S:restrain horizon n.见识，眼界

impartiality n.不偏不倚，公平

S:fairness,justice A:partiality inculcate v.反复灌输 S:instill lunatic n.疯子，狂人 populous a.人口稠密的 prejudice n.偏见，成见 proportion n.比例；均衡

promote v.促成，促进，推动 S:enhance,advance spectacular a.壮观的，引人入胜的

S:impressive,tremendous

vice n.缺点，恶习S:shortage,sin

A:virtue contribute to有助于…，促成

Unit11 acquisition n.获得 approach n.方法

badger v.纠缠 S:annoy,pester complacency n.满足 A:dissatisfaction correspondence n.来往信件

cumulative a.累积的 demon n.恶魔 S:evil discrete a.离散的

embody v.体现 S:symbolize formulate v.阐明 initiative n.主动性 S:lead livelihood n.生计

mundane a.平凡的 A:interesting ongoing a.前进的 partake v.分享

pertinent a.有关S:relevant A:irrelevant pitfall n陷阱 S:trap

precedence n.优S:priority A:subsequence prior a.先前的

proportional a.成比例的 receptivity n.接受能力

relinquish v.放弃 S:abandon,yield repository n.贮藏室，仓库

rigid a.僵硬的，死板的 S:uncompromising A:flexible

scathing a.严厉的 S:strict A:gentle stigma n.耻辱 S:stain,shame strain v.全力以赴 therapy n.治疗，疗法

unethical a.不道德的 S:immoral yoga n.瑜伽

live up to实现，达到，取得

go out of one’s way 格外努力去做某事

第二篇：新世纪英语专业综合教程3(单词)

综合教程3

unit1

brigade n.旅；大部队；队列 vt.把…编成旅；把…编成队

clasp n.扣子，钩子；握手 vt.紧抱；扣紧；紧紧缠绕vi.扣住

crunchy adj.易碎的；发嘎吱嘎吱声的 discreetly adv.谨慎地；小心地

flail n.连枷（打谷物用的工具）vt.打；用连枷打vi.打；用连枷打

goody n.糖果；身份低微之老妇；吸引人的东西；伪君子adj.感伤的；伪善的；假正经的

int.太好啦

funk food

ketchup

malicious adj.恶意的；恶毒的；蓄意的；怀恨的

maneuver vt.[军] 机动；演习；用计；调遣 vi.[军] 机动；演习；调遣；用计谋 n.[军] 机动；演习；策略；调遣

puddle n.水坑，泥潭；胶土vt.使泥泞，搅浑；把…捣制成胶土；搅炼；用胶土填塞vi.搅泥浆；在水坑中嬉戏

reserve n.储备，储存；自然保护区；预备队；储备金vt.储备；保留；预约vi.预订

sandal n.凉鞋；檀香；檀香木；便鞋

shackle n.束缚；桎梏；脚镣 vt.束缚；加枷锁

slink n.早产的动物；鬼鬼祟祟的人 vt.早产；潜逃vi.潜逃；溜走adj.早产的 sneak n.鬼鬼祟祟的人；偷偷摸摸的行为；告密者adj.暗中进行的vi.溜；鬼鬼祟祟做事；向老师打小报告vt.偷偷地做；偷偷取得

spaghetti n.意大利式细面条

square adj.平方的；正方形的；直角的；正直的vt.使成方形；与…一致vi.一致；成方形

n.平方；广场；正方形adv.成直角地

whereabouts n.下落；行踪；去向；所在之处adv.在何处；靠近什么地方

tip off 向…透露消息，泄密；暗中通知某人

go out to sb

unit2

board n.董事会；木板；甲板；膳食 vt.上（飞机、车、船等）；用板盖上；给提供膳宿vi.寄宿

conceivably adv.令人信服地；可相信地；想得到地

coronary thrombosis [内科] 冠状动脉血栓形成

deceased adj.已故的n.死者；[法]被继承人 vi.死亡（decease的过去式）

executive adj.行政的；经营的；执行的，经营管理的n.经理；执行委员会；执行者；经理主管人员

lineup n.阵容；一组人；电视节目时间表

obituary n.讣告adj.讣告的；死亡的

survive vt.幸存；生还；幸免于；比...活得长vi.幸存；活下来

widow vt.使成寡妇n.寡妇；孀妇

workaholic

unit3

anew adv.重新；再

calorie n.卡路里（热量单位

cappuccino n.热牛奶咖啡；卡普齐诺咖啡

contortion n.扭弯；扭歪

coo n.咕咕声；鸽子的叫声

debonair adj.高兴的，快活的；温文尔雅的；殷勤的

dodge n.躲闪；托词vt.躲避，避开 vi.躲避，避开

eccentric n.古怪的人 adj.古怪的，反常的

esthetical adj.美的，富美感的；美术的 exasperating adj.激怒人的；气死人的

extravagant adj.奢侈的；浪费的；过度的；放纵的 geranium n.天竺葵

habituate vt.使习惯于，使熟习于vi.上瘾

ludicrous adj.滑稽的；荒唐的 motel n.汽车旅馆

negotiate vi.谈判，交涉vt.谈判，商议；转让；越过

pedestrian n.行人adj.徒步的；缺想像力的 sedate adj.安静的沉着的vt.给…服镇静剂

squash vt.镇压；把…压扁；[口]使沉默 vi.受挤压；发出挤压声；挤入 n.壁球；挤压；咯吱声；南瓜属植物；（英）果汁饮料

treadmill n.踏车，跑步机；单调的工作

triumph n.胜利，凯旋；欢欣vi.获得胜利，成功

unfurl vt.展开；使…临风招展vi.展开公开

venerable adj.庄严的，值得尊敬的珍贵的 pull up

unit4

blaspheme vt.亵渎；咒骂，辱骂 vi.说亵渎的话；口出恶言

bumper n.缓冲器adj.丰盛的，丰富的 vt.装满；为…祝酒vi.干杯

damper n.[航][电子][机] 阻尼器；[车辆] 减震器；气闸

epitome n.缩影；摘要；象征

fetish n.恋物（等于fetich）；迷信；偶像

flunk n.不及格；失败vt.使…不及格 vi.失败；放弃；考试不及格

licentiousness n.放荡；放肆

mirth n.欢笑；欢乐；高兴

overshadow vt.使失色；使阴暗；遮阴；夺去…的光彩

puritan n.清教徒adj.清教徒的

reverently adv.虔诚地，恭敬地

scan n.扫描；浏览；审视；细看vt.扫描；浏览；细看；详细调查；标出格律vi.扫描；扫掠

swill n.泔水；冲洗；痛饮；涮vt.冲洗；痛饮；涮；倒出vi.大口地喝；发激荡声

traipse n.闲荡；漫步；无精打采者 vt.在…游荡；走过vi.疲惫地走；闲荡；拖曳

unit5

associate n.同事，伙伴；关联的事物

adj.副的；联合的vt.联想；使联合；使发生联系vi.交往；结交

astound vt.使惊骇；使震惊

compliment n.恭维；称赞；问候；致意；道贺vt.恭维；称赞

confound vt.使混淆；挫败；讨厌；使混乱

consultant n.顾问；咨询者；会诊医生

cynicism n.玩世不恭，愤世嫉俗；犬儒主义；冷嘲热讽

deceit n.欺骗；谎言；欺诈手段

distinction n.区别；差别；特性；荣誉

falter n.踌躇；支吾；颤抖vi.支吾；蹒跚地走vt.支吾地说；结巴地讲出

feign vt.假装；装作；捏造；想象 vi.假装；装作；作假；佯作

fib n.无伤大雅的谎言，；一击 vi.撒小谎

invariably adv.总是；不变地；一定地

lubricant n.润滑剂；润滑油adj.润滑的

perception n.知觉；[生理] 感觉；看法；洞察力；获取

preoccupation n.全神贯注，入神；当务之急；关注的事物；抢先占据；成见

pundit n.博学者；梵文学者

serial n.电视连续剧；[图情] 期刊；连载小说adj.连续的；连载的；分期偿还的 tangle n.纠纷；混乱状态 vt.使纠缠；处于混乱状态 vi.缠结；乱作一团

undermine vt.破坏，渐渐破坏；挖掘地基

volunteer n.志愿者；志愿兵 adj.志愿的vt.自愿vi.自愿

warp n.弯曲，歪曲；偏见；乖戾 vt.使变形；使有偏见；曲解 vi.变歪，变弯；曲解

第三篇：新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材(修订版)总主编戴炜栋 听力教程1 学生用书第二版 unit3

UNIT 4

Part 2 listening and note-taking

This table shows the number of commuters* into central London between 7.00 a.m.and 10.00 a.m.daily.The total number is 1,396,000.Of these, 405,000 travel by underground — that's 29% of the total, and 28% travel by British Rail— that's 391,000 people daily.13 %, 181,000 people use both rail and underground, and 9%, 126,000 people, travel by bus.That means a total of 1,103,000 people, 79%, on public transport.The remainder use private transport, 237,000 come by car and the rest come either by motorbike or bicycle.This means 4% come by motorbike or bicycle, and 17% by car.A: Listen to the conversation and take notes.Write down the total number of commuters into central London between 7.00 a.m..And 10.00 a.m..And the number and percentage of people, traveling by means of public transportation.1,396,000

1,103,000, 79%

B: Complete the following chart.Means of transportation(Public)

Number

Percentage Underground

405,000

29% British Rail

391,000

28% Both rail and underground

181,000

13% Bus

126,000

9% Total

1,103,000

79% Means of transportation(Private)

Number

Percentage Car

237,000

17% Motorbike or bicycle

56,000

4% Total

293,000

21%

Section Two Listening Comprehension

Part 1 Dialogues

Woman: hello, 2248818

Man: Hello, I'm phoning about the flat.Woman: Of course.What would you like to know?

Man: Well, first, can you tell me where it is, please? Is it near some shops, and the tube? Woman: Well, the flat is in Islington, We're only 100 meters from the shops and a five minutes' Walk from the tube.Man: And how much does it cost?

Woman: Three hundred and sixty pounds a month.And you have to pay a month's deposit.Man: I see, and is it a big flat? How many square meters is it? Woman: Oh, I don't know.There are two bedrooms and a very large living room.Would you like to see it?

Man: Yes, when can I come, please?

Woman: Uhm.Can you come this afternoon'? About four? It's No.2, Canbury Road.Man: Yes, that's fine.I'll see you then.Goodbye.Dialogue 2 The Magnificent Town Residence John: Hi, darling.Sally: Hello, John.Well, did you see the “magnificent town residence”? John: Yes.Sally: So what's it like?

John: Well, first of all it's four miles out of the town centre.Sally: Oh, no!

John: And it's not all that big.Three bedrooms: one quite big, one smallish, and one that would be OK for the cat.The luxury bathroom doesn't have a shower, and the downstairs cloakroom* is at the end of the garden at the end of the jungle*, I should say.The sitting and dining room are both pretty small.Sally: What about the kitchen? Is it big enough to have breakfast in?

John: Oh, yes.Easily, if you sit on the fridge and put your feet out of the window there's plenty of room.Sally: The garage?

John: Fine for a bicycle.A bicycle, mind.Not two bicycles.And there's oil-fired central heating, which doesn't work.And the walls and roof are in a very bad state.Apart from that, it's fine.Sally: Oh, good.Let's buy it at once!

MAGNIFCENT TOWN RESIDENCE Three bedrooms, luxury bathroom, downstairs cloakroom，sitting room, dining room, a small kitchen, garage, garden，Oil-fired central heating

￡90,000

Part 2 Passage Hide-and-Seek

My neighbor’s children love playing hide-and-seek as all children do, but no one expected that a game they played last week would be reported in the local newspaper.One afternoon, they were playing in the street just outside the post office.Young Ian, who is only five years old, found the perfect place to hide.His sister Janet had shut her eyes and was counting up to ten when Ian noticed that the small metal door of the letterbox had been left open.The postman had just taken all the letters out and had gone into the post office to see if there were any parcels.Ian climbed into the letterbox and pulled the door from the inside so hard that it locked.Soon realizing what he had done, he become very frightened and started crying.Meanwhile, Janet was looking for him everywhere but could not find him.It was lucky she happened to stop outside the letterbox and heard her brother's cries.She immediately ran to tell the postman who hurried out to unlock the metal door.Ian was now free, but he had such a bad fright* that he could not stop crying.The postman, however, soon found a way of making him laugh again.He told him that that next time

he wanted to hide in a letter-box, he should remember to stick a stamp on himself!

Part 3 News item 1

French officials in the town of Frejus are questioning more than 900 Kurds*.The Iraqi Kurds were rescued after their ship hit the southern French coast and sank.The government expects the Kurds to seek asylum*.However, a government official warns that those who fail to defend their asylum requests will be expelled*.Some French political leaders want all the Kurds sent back to Iraq immediately.They say this will send a massage to others who are considering such a trip.French border police says a Turkish and Iraqi criminal group is responsible.Officials are still searching for the ship's commander and crew members.They reportedly fled after the ship struck land.A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.This news item is about the questioning of more 900 Kurds who entered France illegally by the French authorities.News item 2

Colombian officials say they have rescued 15 hostages held by leftist rebels, including a former presidential candidate Ingrid Betancourt and three U.S.defense contractors.Colombia’s Defense Minister Juan Manuel Santos said the hostages were in good condition following the operation in the southeastern department of Guaviare.Santos said the rescue involved intelligence officials who had infiltrated the rebel unit in charge of the hostages.He said the rescue operation was launched when the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia were planning to transport the hostages by helicopter.Betancourt was seized in 2002 while she was campaigning in rural Colombia Betancourt and the three Americans were among some 40 high-profile hostages the rebels were holding

in an effort to negotiate a prisoner exchange with Colombia's government.A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.This news item is about the release of Betancourt and 14 other hostages by Colombian military.News item 3

Kosovo is expected to declare its independence from Serbia in the coming days, possibly on Sunday.Serbia’s newly re-elected President Boris Tadic says he will never give up his fight for Kosovo, but will also fight for Serbia to join the European Union.He said Friday that Serbia would reduce diplomatic relations, but not cut ties, with countries that recognize an independent Kosovo.Kosovo’s leader, Hashim Thaci, is calling on displaced Serbs living outside Kosovo to return.Serbia and its chief ally, Russia, say Kosovo's independence will lead to separatist efforts

by other dissatisfied territories across the world.Serbia has offered self-rule for Kosovo, which it considers an important part of its history and territory.Yet Serbia has not controlled the southern province since 1999.A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.This news item is about the latest development of Kosovo's independence

Section 3 Oral Work

Part 1 Questions and Answers

Woman: Hello.Man: Hello.I wonder if you could help me? Would you mind if I left my bags here just for one minute? I have to make a phone call.Woman: No.I'm sorry, sir.It's not allowed.Man: It's only for a short time.Woman: It's against regulations.No baggage can be left in reception for security reasons.Man: Is there anywhere I can leave them?

Woman: I'll get a porter to take them to the left-luggage office.Man: Where's that?

Woman: It's next to the dining room.Man: No, don't bother.It doesn't matter.Woman: Pardon?

Man: I said don't worry, It’s OK.Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it.You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once.Answer each questions with a complete sentence after you have heard it.1.What did the man want to know?

(He wanted to know if he could leave his bags in reception just for one minute.)

2.Why would he leave his bags in reception?

(He had to make a phone call.)

3.The woman didn't agree to do so, did she?

(No, the woman did not agree.)4.Why didn't she agree?

(Because it was against the regulations.)5.What did the regulations say?

(The regulations said that no baggage could be left for the security reasons.)

6.Where could he leave his bags?

(He could leave his bags in the left-luggage office.)7.Where was the left-luggage office?

(It was next to the dining room.)

8.Was it convenient for the man to do that?

(No, I'm afraid not.)

Part 2 Retelling

About 11:00 a.m, a strange-looking man entered the City Savings Bank.Rosa noticed him right away.He looked very messy.There were paint marks on his pants and jacket.He carried a large shopping bag with him.He walked around the bank and looked at all the walls.Rosa watched him very carefully.He walked over to a table.He reached into his bag.Rosa expected him to pull out a gun.She touched the emergency alarm button, but she didn't push it.Then the man pulled something out of his bag.It wasn't a gun.It was a paintbrush.A few minutes later, the vice-president of the bank introduced Rosa to the man.He was a painter.At noon he started his work, and he painted all the walls in the bank.He finished his work the next day.Rosa said to Jerry, “Robbers never come into our bank.It's very dull here.”

Section 4 Supplementary Exercises

Part 1 Listening Comprehension Passage 1 My Nephew

This year I decided to do something to regain my reputation as a kindly uncle.My nephew, Tony, had never forgiven me for the dictionary I had bought him as a birthday present last year.His parents had no reason to be grateful to me either because the year before, I had presented their dear son with a pot of paste* and some funny pictures.Instead of sticking* them into a book, Tony had naturally covered every wall in the house with them.This year, therefore, I decided to let him choose for himself.We went into a big toyshop but Tony was highly critical of everything he saw.In vain* did I show him toy after toy;he was not to be tempted*.Then I saw his eyes light up: he had discovered something he really did approve of: a large tin drum.I was quite pleased, too, until I thought what Tony's mother would say when she saw it.Nobody would get any sleep for weeks.I led Tony away quickly, saying that the drum was too expensive.If that was how I felt, Tony replied jokingly, then I could buy him the big model railway in the shop window.Now that was really expensive, so I quickly changed the subject.Tony asked for permission to go off on his own and I made the most of my opportunity to sit down and rest my aching feet.Fifteen minutes passed but there was still no sign of Tony.I began to get worried and got up to look for him, I asked a young lady if she had seen a little boy in a gray suit.She looked about her helplessly and pointed out that there were so many little boys in gray suits.I was just beginning to despair*, when I saw a strange figure dressed in peculiar purple* clothes.The figure was wearing a false beard and a cave man's* axe* in one hand, and a space gun in the other.It was, of course, Tony, who informed me at once that he was the first caveman to fly into space.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1.D

2.B

3.D

4.A

5.B

6.C

7.C

8.D

Passage 2

EPA’s Thirtieth Anniversary

The Unite States Environmental Protection Agency observes its 30th anniversary this month.This federal agency was established in 1970 to protect the nation's environment from pollution.It has fought against pollution of the air, water and atmosphere.After 30 years, the EPA* can point to progress against a number of environmental threats.For example, it has set new requirements for chemical factories.It has taken action to prevent rain from being polluted by chemicals.And, it has taken action to prevent rain from being polluted by chemicals.And, it has almost completely removed lead from the air.In addition, half of the nation's worst waste areas have been cleaned up.New homes have been built to resist radon gas*, found to be a leading cause of cancer.And the cars of today produce 75 percent less pollution than the cars of 1970.The EPA has dealt with a number of crises.For example, in 1989, the ship Exxon Valdez* leaked oil into Prince William Sound in the state of Alaska*.More than 41,000,000 liters of crude oil* poured into the water.The Exxon Oil Company* was ordered to pay 1,000,000,000 dollars.That was the largest criminal environmental damage settlement in history.During its 30 years, the EPA has won praise for its work.But not everyone approves of the agency.Companies forced to make costly changes sometimes oppose the agency.They say EPA requirements threaten their profits and the economy in general.Some companies say they have to dismiss* workers to pay for required changes.Listen to the report and complete the following chart about EPA.Name of this federal agency: The Unite States Environmental Protection Agency Time of its foundation: 1970

The purpose to establish this organization is to:

1.Protect the nation's environment from pollution;and 2.Fight against pollution of the air, water and atmosphere.Over the past 30 years, this federal agency has made some achievements in environmental protections.They are:

1.A number of environmental threats have been prevented;2.Half of the nation's worst waste areas have been cleaned up;3.A number of crises have been dealt with.Part Oral Work

Jeremy Taylor has had his market garden for 18 months now, growing fruit and vegetables for local consumption.He thought starting a business would be complicated, but in fact he found it was quite straightforward.He was given good advice by his bank manager, “Start small, consolidate and expand gradually.”There's been an increased demand for really fresh vegetables, and his produce is picked, packed and sold within 24 hours.He is most proud of his early potatoes and juicy raspberries.He says, “I've always loved gardening, and the thought of making a living out of a hobby is wonderful.”

Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topics.1.What do you think

of the bank manager's advice on starting a business? 2.Have you ever thought of the idea of making a living out of a hobby?