英语阅读理解

第一篇：英语阅读理解

阅读理解。Arthur Miller(1915-2005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century.Miller's father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary,drawn like so many others by the“ Great American Dream”.However, he experienced severefinancial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early l930s.Millers' s most famous play, Death of a Salesman , is a powerful attack on the Americansystem, with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth.In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into trouble with his worth.Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business thereis no room for sentiment: if he can't do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go.Willy is painfully aware of this, and at loss as to whatto do with his lack of success.He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.When it was first staged in 1949, the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews, and it won the Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama Critics Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut, on the evening of February10,2005,the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.阿瑟·米勒（1915-2005）是举世公认的最伟大的剧作家之一20世纪。米勒的父亲已经从奥地利匈牙利移居美国，绘制像许多其他的“伟大的美国梦”。不过，他经历了严重的当他的家族企业是毁在了大萧条时期的经济困难早l930s。?米勒最著名的发挥，推销员之死，是美国强大的攻击系统凭借其积极的做生意的方式及其对金钱和社会的坚持地位，价值的指标。在威利·洛曼，剧中的主人公，我们看到谁拥有一个男人钻进他的身价麻烦。威利被“烧毁”，并在企业的残酷世界里没有空间感悟：如果他不能做的工作，那么他是没有好他的雇主，瓦格纳公司，他必须去。威利痛苦地意识到了这一点，并在无所适从做他的缺乏成功。他不肯面对事实，他已经失败，杀死自己到底。?当它在1949年首次上演，该剧是迎接热情的评论，和它赢得了托尼奖最佳戏剧，纽约戏剧批评家奖，并普利策戏剧奖。这是第一次发挥赢得所有这三个重要奖项。?米勒在他的家在罗克斯伯里，康涅狄格死于心脏衰竭，对日晚10,2005，在百老汇推销员之死的首场演出56周年。1.Why did Arthur Miller' s father move to the USA?______ A.He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.B.He was attracted by the “Great American Dream”.C.He hoped to make his son a dramatist.D.His family business failed.2.The play Death of a Salesman _______.A.exposes the cruelty of the American business world B.discusses the ways to get promoted in a company C.talks about the business career of Arthur Miller D.focuses on the skills in doing business 3.What can we learn about Willy Loman? A.ded as a hero by his colleagues.4.What is the text mainly about?______ A.Arthur Miller and his family..The awards Arthur Miller won.C.The hardship Arthur Miller experienced.D.Arthur Miller and his best-known play.答案：BACD阅读理解。

When I lived in Spain, some Spanish friends of mine decided to visit England by car.Before they left, they asked me for advice about how to find accommodation(住所).I suggested that they should stay at 'bed and breakfast' houses, because this kind of accommodation gives a foreign visitor a good chance to speak English with the family.My friends listened to my advice, but they came back with some funny stories.“We didn't stay at bed and breakfast houses,” they said, “because we found that mostfamilies were away on holiday.” I thought this was strange.Finally I understood what had happened.My friends spoke little English, and they thought 'VACANCIES' meant 'holidays', because the Spanish word for 'holidays' is 'vacaciones'.So they did not go to house where the sign outside said 'VACANCLES', which in English means there are free rooms.Then my friends went to house where the sign said 'NO VACANCLES', because they thought this meant the people who owned the house were not away on holiday.But they found that these houses were all full.As a result, they stayed at hotels!We laughed about this and about mistakes my friends made in reading other signs.In Spanish, the word 'DIVERSION' means fun.In English, it means that workmen are repairing the road, and that you must take a different road.When my friends saw the word 'DIVERSION' on a road sign, they thought they were going to have fun.Instead, the road ended in a large hold.English people have problems too when they learn foreign languages.Once in Paris, when someone offered me some more coffee, I said “Thank you” in French.I meant that I would like some more.However, to my surprise, the coffee pot was taken away!Later I found out that “Thank you” in French means “No, thank you.”当我住在西班牙，我的一些西班牙朋友决定去英国的车程。在他们离开之前，他们问我的意见如何找到住宿（住所）。我建议他们应该留在“床和早餐”的房子，因为这种住宿给外国游客的好机会讲英语的家庭。我的朋友听了我的意见，但他们带回来一些有趣的故事。“我们没有停留在床和早餐的房子，”他们说，“因为我们发现，大多数家庭外出度假。“我认为这是奇怪的。我终于明白发生了什么事。我的朋友说话一点英语，他们认为'空缺'的意思'假期'，因为西班牙语单词对于“假期”是“ vacaciones ”。因此，他们没有去房子里的符号表示外“ VACANCLES '，这在英文的意思是有免费的客房。然后我的朋友去房子里的牌子上写着“ NO VACANCLES '，因为他们认为这意味着人们谁拥有房子并没有外出度假。但他们发现，这些房子都是全部爆满。因此，他们住在酒店！我们笑了一下，并约在阅读其他标志犯了错误我的朋友。在西班牙语，单词“引水”是指fun.In英语，这意味着工人是修复道路，你必须采取不同的road.When我的朋友看到这个词上一个路标“引水”，他们认为他们将不得不fun.Instead，道路在一个大抱结束。英国人也有问题，当他们学习外语。一次在巴黎，当有人给我一些更多的咖啡，我说法语“谢谢”。我的意思是我想多一些。然而，出乎我的意料，咖啡壶被抢走了！后来我发现在法语中的意思是“谢谢你” “不，谢谢你。”

1.My Spanish friends wanted advice about _____.[ ] A.learning English

B.finding places to stay in England

C.driving their car on English roads

D.going to England by car 2.'NO VACANCIES' in English means _____.[ ] A.no free rooms

B.free rooms

C.not away on holiday

D.holidays 3.When someone offered me more coffee and I said “Thank you” in French, I _____.[ ] A.didn't really want any more coffee

B.wanted them to take the coffee pot away C.really wanted some more coffee

D.wanted to express my politeness 4.I was surprised when the coffee pot was taken away because I _____.[ ] A.hadn't finished drinking my coffee B.was expecting another cup of coffee C.meant that I didn't want any more D.was never misunderstood 答案：BACB

An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to（归因于）the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works.Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service.A.spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.Professor john Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecture at St Andrews University, said his first-year lectures-which are open to students from all departments—were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250.“There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it.One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn’t traditionally done.” He added.University applications rose 7% last year.But there were rises above average in several subjects.Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people’s renewed interest in caters in the pubic sector（部门）, which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.A.recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said: “It’s possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that’s financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty.”

在学生申请学习经济学，大学增加被归因于（归因于）全球经济危机唤醒公众对知识的渴求对金融系统是如何工作的。申请学位课程开始今年秋季分别增长15 ％今年一月，根据UCAS，大学及院校招生事务处。A.发言人皇家经济学会说应用在A级从事经济学研究也上升。约翰比思教授，社会的总裁和圣安德鲁斯大学的领导讲课，说他的第一年的讲座，这是开放给学生来自各个部门，都绘制的400人群，而不是通常的250。?“有大量的学生谁不是经济学专业的学生，谁愿意了解一些有关它的。有一件事我今年做的是与我的教学的方式，一句都没有做传统的当代事件。“他补充说。大学申请去年同期上涨了7 ％。但有几个学科上升到高于平均水平。护士看到了一个15 ％的涨幅，在迎合在耻骨界人士的新的兴趣（部门），这被看作是在经济危机更安全。答：最近的研究表明，几乎三分之二的家长认为学校应该做更多的讲授财务问题的学生，几乎一半的人说他们的孩子曾问他们发生了什么事，虽然父母的少数觉得他们不理解自己不够好来解释。扎克霍金，儿童信托基金的负责人说： “这可能是从低迷到出现一个好处将是这一代人的经济更聪明，更有能力通过经济不稳定时期来管理他们的钱。”

71.Professor John Beath’s lectures are.A.given in a traditional way B.connected with the present situation C.open to both students and their parents D.warmly received by economics 72.Incomes in the public sector are more attractive because of their.A.greater stability B.higher pay C.fewer applications D.better reputation 73.in the opinion of most parents.A.eccentrics should be the focus of school teaching B.more students should be admitted to universities C.the teaching of financial matters should be strengthened.D.children should solve financial problems themselves 74.According to Hocking, the global economic crisis might make the youngsters.A.wiser in money management B.have access to better equipment C.confide about their future careers D.get jobs in Child Trust Funds 75.What’s the main idea of the text?

A.Universities have received more applications.B.Economics is attracting an increasing numbers students C.college students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty D.parents are concerned with children’s subject selection.答案 71.B 72.A 73.C 74.A 75.B

第二篇：英语阅读理解（定稿）

In the early 1990s,the word”Internet”was strange to most people.But today,Internet has become a useful tool for people all over the world.Maybe Internet has been the greatest invention in the field of communication in the history of mankind（人类）

Communicating with others on the Internet is much faster.We can chat with a person who is sitting in the other part of the world.We can e-mail our friends and they can read the e-mails within a minute.Giving all kinds of information is probably the biggest advantage of the Internet.We can use search engines to find the information we need.Just type in a keyword or keywords and the search engine will give us a list of suitable websites to look at.We can enjoy a lot on the Internet by downloading games,visiting chat rooms or surfing（浏览）websites.There are some games for free.We can meet new and interesting people in the chat now.We can also listen to music and see films.Now ,there is a lot of service on the Internet such as online banking ,job finding and ticket buying.We can also do shopping and find nearly all kinds of goods.Sometimes we can find something that is quite good but very cheap.26.How many main advantages of the Internet are talked about in the passage?

A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.27.What fact doesn‟t the passage provide?

A.We can find almost anything we want to know on the Internet.B.Some games on the Internet are free.C.We can buy most things we need on the Internet.D.Goods on the Internet are more expensive than those in real shops.28.Which title best gives the main idea of the passage?

A.Online Shopping

B.Exchanging Information on the Internet

C.The Advantages of the Internet

D.Surfing the Websites on the Internet

You want to know about my staying inAmerica,right?Well,to tell you the truth,it is

really an eye-opening experience study here.In China,I had English classes five times a week since fifth grade.However,I didn‟t

know how different textbook English could be from everyday English until I came to

Hotchkiss School,Conmecticut.When I first studied English,I was told to say, “I am fine.”when people say “How are

you ?”But in the US,I found that people say, “I am good.”or “Ilm tired.”

One day ,someone greeted me with “What‟s up ?”It ,made me confused.I thought for

a moment and then smiled because I didn‟t know what to say.Sincethen,I have discovered more and more differences between Chinese and US

cultures.China ,girls try every possible way to get their skin paler,or “whiter.”

I alsosurprised by how hard-working.US students are.In China,schoolwork is

almost everything ,so we study hard and that‟ it.But here,a “good”student gets good

grades,does a lot for the public and plays sports or music.The kids here are so talented ,I am starting to be sorry that I gave up playing the piano

at an early age and that I have never thought about sports.61.According to the writer,textbook English is _________everyday English.A.quite different fromB.the same asC.more difficult than

62.What does the word “tan ”in the sixth paragraph mean in Chinese?

A晒黑B晒白C 能量

63.A good US student spends his/her time ________.A.only in doing homework

B.only on sports or music

C.on studies ,sports or music and public work

64.Which of the following is NOT true?

A.The writer is now in US.B.American girls love to have white skin.C.US students are talented and hard-working.65.Which is the best title for the passage?

A.My Own Travel in the US

B.My Studying in the US

C.My Opinion about the US

People often say that the Englishman‟s home is his castle.They mean that the home is very important and personal to him.Most people in Britain live in houses ratherthan flats,and many people own their homes.This means that they can make them individual（个体的）;they can paint them,and change them in any way they like.Most house have a garden,even if it is a very small one,and the garden is usually loved.The house and the garden are the private（私人的）space of the individual.People usually like to mark their space.Are you sitting now in your home or on a train?have you marked the space around yourself as your?If you are on the train you may put your coat or small bag on the seat beside you.If you share a flat you may have one corner or chair which is your own.Once I was travelling on a train to London.I was in a section for four people and there was a table between us.The man on the space on my side of the table at all.I was angry.Maybe he thought that he owned the whole table.I had read a book about non-verbal communication,so I took various papers out of my bag and put them on his briefcase!When I did this he stiffened and his eyes nearly popped(瞪出)out of his head.I had invaded(侵犯)his space!A few minutes later I took my papers off his case in order to read them.He immediately moved his case to his side ofthe table.Of course,it is possible that he just wanted to be helpful to me!

If you are visiting another country you may feel that you don‟t have any private space.Hotel rooms look much the same in every country in the world.All day long ,you share public spaces with o ther pople.You see the local people in their private spaces and.Local people can create their private spaces by talking about things you don‟t know about.And you even feel that they like you to be outside one of the difficulties of being a traveler!But if you understand it then it helps you.Haven‟t you enjoyed being part of a group and “owning”a bit of space?

41.The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because______.A.he had no place to sitB.someone had invaded his “space”

C.too many people shared a section with him

D.some other people talked about things he didn‟t know about

42.“… ‟”in paragraph 4 means that_______.A.you are alone outside the house

B.you feel lonely because you travel on your own

C.you are alone and therefore you go outside to have some fun

D.you feel lonely and you don‟t belong to that place or that group of people

43.In Paragraph 4 ,the pronoun “（所指）“___________”.A.public spacesB.private spacesC.local peopleD.other countries

44.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.British people dislike marking their space.B.You always feel at home in another country.C.Most British people prefer living in houses to flats.D.You can‟t mark your private space in a foreign country.45.Tha main purpose of the passage is to tell readers to _______.A.own private spaces by living in houses

B.have one corner of their own in public places

C.realize the importance of “space”in communication

D.create their private spaces by talking with local people

When I was a foreign teacher in China,every day I taught English to my students and they taught me about China.One day the topic turned to saying “I love you”.I was shocked to learn that not one of my students had saidthis to their mothers,nor had their mothers said it to them.“Does your mom love you?” “Of course ,”they answered.“How do you know ?”was my logical question.They responded that their mons cooked and always toldthem what they were doing wrong to showtheir caring.I was stunned.So mon‟s cooking and criticzing read out as “I love you ”.“Then how do you say „I love you ‟to her?”They agreed that getting good gradws,followed by god jobs would be how they showed their love.I come from a culture where most people are expressive enough,so I repeated these queries in classes over time.Gradually,I began to get different response.Some of them had exchanged those sentiments with their moms.One of my favorite stories of change came from a girl.When she came home from university,her mother met her at the door and hugged（拥抱）her.This had never happened before,but her mom said, “Now that you have gone I have more time to myself.I noticed that in some places mothers and children hug each other and I decided it was a good idea and that I would begin hugging you.”

In my family we all say “I love you”a lot.While it is true that we often say the words without having great depth of feelings at that moment,it is almost like a blessing we give each other.Those three little words carry a world of meaning ,even when said as a greeting,but most especially if they are the last words we say to or hear from those we love.52.The foreign teacher_______.A.comes from AmericaB.is a young woman

C.is expressive enoughD.knows much about China

53.Chinese people prefer to show love by________.A.saying “I love you”B.cooking

C.getting good gradesD.doing something helpful;

54.In paragraph 4,what‟s the real meaning of the mom‟s hugging?

A.She is meeting her daughter at the door.B.She loves her daughter and misses her.C.She is glad that she has more timeto herself

D.She finds it interesting to hug her daughter.55.What‟s the main idea of the passage?

A.Say “I love you”more to your family.B.Say “I love you ”a lot to Chinese people.C.Say “I love you ”as a greeting to others.D.Say “I love you ”without great depth of feelings.Every year there is a Spring Festival in China.Usually it is in January or February.It is the most important festival in China.So before it comes，everyone has to prepare things.They buy pork，beef，chicken，fruits and many other things.And they often make a special kind of food—“dumplings”.It means “come together”.On the day before the festival，parents buy new clothes for their children.Children also buy presents for their parents.On the Spring Festival Eve（除夕），all the family members come back to their hometown.This is a happy moment.Some sing and dance，some play cards and others get the dinner ready.When they enjoy the meal，they give each other the best wishes for the coming year.They all have a good time.

26.Which is the most important festival in China?

A.The Mid-Autumn Festival.B.The Spring Festival. C.Children‟sDay.

27.When is the Chinese Spring Festival usually celebrated?

A.In March or April.B.In May or June.C.In January or February.

A.ChickenB.DumplingC.Fish

29.What‟s the meaning of the food “dumplings” for Chinese people in the Spring Festival?

A.Look up.B.Help yourself.C.Come together.

30.The family 

A.give each other the best wishes

B.buy each other presents

C.sing，dance and play cards

第三篇：初二英语阅读理解

初二第六周英语阅读

A

One fine winter day some ants were working in the field.They were very busy.Just then a grasshopper（蚱蜢）passed by.“Good day, kind ants,” said the grasshopper.“I am very hungry.Won't you lend（借给）me a little food?（AI will pay you before the next autumn.” “Have you no food of your own?（B）You know there was much food in the field last summer.What were you doing then?” asked an old ant.The grasshopper answered;“I（C）all day and night during the summer.And so I had no time to gather any food.Please lend me some food.” “Well, then,” said the ant.“（D）You only played and did not work during the summer.We'll never lend you any food.”（E）1.将（A）处画线句子翻译成英语。

2.写出（B）处画线句子的同义句。3.根据上下文可知在（C）处应填入的单词或词组是

4.从下列句子中选择合适的句子填入文中（D）处。

A.You sang very well and we all liked your songs very much.B.You could sing all the summer, you also could dance all the winter.C.You are one of the best singers here and we cheer you.D.Would you like to perform one for us?

5.将（E）处画线句子翻译成汉语。B

Do you get angry when your friends sing loudly while you are trying to walk ? Or when your best friend does not wait for you after school?

If you do, you need to take control of(控制)your feelings and stop getting angry so easily.Getting angry with people can cause you to lose friends.Gary Egeberg, an American high school teacher , has written My Feelings Are Just Like Wild Animals to help you control your feelings.It tells teens how to stay cool when bad things happen to them.The book says that getting angry only makes problems worse.It can never make them better.Getting angry is not a natural（自然的）way to act.The book says you can control your anger easily----all you have to do is tell yourself not to be angry.When a baby falls over, it only cries if people are watching it.Like a baby, you should only get angry if you are sure it is the right thing to do.The book gives many tips to help you get angry easily.Here are our top three:

1.Keep a record.Every time you get angry ,write down you are angry.Look at it later and you will see you get angry too easily.2.Ask your friends to stop talking to you when you get angry.This will teach you not to be angry.3.Do something different.When you get angry, walk away from problem and go somewhere else Try to laugh!

1.The writer wants to tells us ______.A.not to get angryB.to walk hard at school

C.to do more exerciseD.to help each other

2.The writer thinks that if you get angry easily you will ______.A.get ill very easilyB.lose your friendsC.put on weight easilyD.eat less

3.My Feelings Are Just Like Wild Animals is a ___A.storyB.bookC.picture D.film

4.My Feelings Are Just Like Wild Animals mainly tells us ______.A.what to readB.how to readC.how to stay coolD.how to learn English well

5.In the fourth paragraph, the underlined（画线的）word “it” refers to（指的是）______.A.the bookB.angerC.habitD.the baby

C

It was Mother’s Day.John was so busy with his work that he couldn’t go back home.When he passed by a flower shop in the evening , an idea came to his mind.“ I’ll send Mom some roses.While John was picking his flowers , a young man went inside.“ How many roses can I get for only five dollars, Madam?” he asked.The assistant was trying to tell him roses were as

expensive as forty dollars a dozen（一打）.Maybe he would be happy with carnations.“ No, I have to have red roses.” He said: “ My mom was badly ill last year and I didn’t get to spend much time with her.Now I want to get something special, and it has to beroses, as roses are her favorite.”

After hearing it, John said he would pay the rest of the money for the young man.Moved by both of them, the assistant said, “Well, lovely young men, thirty dollars a dozen, only for you.” Taking the roses ,the young man almost jumped into the air and ran out of the shop.It was well worth twenty-five dollars John paid to see the exciting moment.Then John paid for his dozen of roses and told the assistant to send them to his mother.As he walked out, he felt nice.Suddenly he saw the young man crossing the street and going into a park.But soon he realized it was not a park but a cemetery（坟墓）.Crying, the young man carefully laid the roses, “ Mom, oh , Mom, why didn’t I tell you I loved you when you were with me?”

1.The assistant tried to ask the young man to buy carnations of roses because ______

A.carnations are nicer than rosesB.roses were saved for John

C.roses were more expensive than carnationsD.carnations were special flowers for Mother’s Day

2.Do you know what is the meaning of the underlined word?

A.郁金香B。康乃馨C。玫瑰D。菊花

3.John spent ___ altogether（总共）in the flower shop that day.A.$5B.$25C.$30D.$55

4.The young man cried at the tomb（坟墓）because he ______.A.had spent all his money on the roses

B.wasn’t able to tell his mother he loved her by himself

C.felt sorry to ask John to pay for his sick mother

D.hadn’t got enough money for his sick mother

5.The writer writes the passage to tell us “______”

A.Buy roses for your mother when she is ill

B.Let your mother know how much you love her

C.Work hard to get more money for your mother

D.Send your mother flowers on Mothers’ Day

D

It was the final examination for physics at a school.The examination was two hours long, and exam papers were given.The teacher was very strict and told the class that any exam paper which was not on his desk in two hours would be refused(拒绝)and the student would fail（不及格）.A half hour into the exam, a student came rushing in and asked the teacher for an exam paper.“You're not going to have time to finish this,” the teacher said slowly as he gave the student a paper.“Yes, I will,” answered the student.He then took a seat and began writing.After two hours, the teacher began to call for the exam papers, and the students stood up and put them on the teacher’s desk, all except the late student, who went on writing.A half hour later, the last student came up to the teacher who was sitting at his desk and busy writing something.He tried to put his exam paper on the stack（摞）of the other papers already there.“No, you can't, I'm not going to take that in.It's late.”

The student became worried.He thought for a while, then he asked the teacher in a low voice,“ Do you know WHO I am?”

“No, surely I don't,” answered the teacher.“DO YOU KNOW WHO I AM?” The student asked again.“No, and I don't care,” said the teacher in a louder voice.“Good,” answered the student, who quickly put his paper in the middle of the stack of exam papers, and rushed out of the room.1.What did the teacher do before the exam began?

A.He called the names of the students in the classroom.B.He helped the students write the papers.C.He told the students some rules about the exam.D.He said he was very strict and no one can pass it.2.Why did the student ask “Do you know who I am?” twice?

A.He would play a joke on the teacher.B.He wanted to tell the teacher he was angry.C.He was afraid that he would fail the exam.D.He already had a plan in his mind.3.What do you think of the teacher’s attitude(态度)to the late student?

A.He was friendly.B.He was polite.C.He was cold.D.He was careless.E

Diving or Drowning

A rich young man decided that he would like to do some diving in the sea, so he bought a rubber suit and all the other things that he needed, and took some lessons at a diving school.Then one day he walked into the water by himself and began to explore the bottom of the sea.He saw a lot of beautiful fish and other things, and then, after half an hour, he suddenly saw a man waving his arms and legs around wildly near the bottom of the sea.He was wearing only a bathing suit.The rich young man was very surprised to see him, so he took out a plastic

notebook and a special pencil, which could write under water, and wrote, “What are you doing here?”

He showed the notebook to the other man, who then took the pencil and wrote, “Drowning!”

1.What did the rich young man want to do?A.driving B.diving C.walking D.swimming

2.How did he prepare himself for this?

A.He bought all the things needed for diving.B.He took a diving lesson.C.He bought a rubber suit and a bathing suit.D.both a and b.3.What did he first see at the bottom of the ocean?

A.some fishB.some plantsC.a man with a bathing suitD.a man with a diving suit

4.What did he see later?

A.some sea animalsB.some rocksC.a man with a bathing suitD.other things

5.What was the man doing?A.swimmingB.divingC.searching for fishD drowning

6.What was he wearing?

A.a rubber suitB.a swimming suitC.a diving suitD.a bathing suit

7.What did the rich young man do?

A.He talked with him.B.He pulled the man out of water.C.He communicated with the man by writing.D.He gave his suit to the man.8.What did the other man write in the notebook?A.It’s none of your business.B.Who are you?C.What are you doing here?D.Drowning

第四篇：英语阅读理解等

考博英语阅读：

1.中心思想是解—主题型、细节型的细节也是围绕中心的细枝末节 2.隐蔽处有解—同位语、插入语、定语、长句后半句、从句等 3.不合理项是解；无关项是解；事实是解—反其道而行之

4.同义替换是解—照抄原文不是解，同义替换、词类转换等是解

5.含义不肯定的是解—can, could, may, usually, might, most, more or less, relatively, be likely to, whether or, not necessarily, dubious, hesitate, suggest…是解 6.潜在的是解—potential, trend, threat…是解 7.未知的是解—unknown…是解

8.相对的是解—绝对的不是解，如must, always, never, the most, all, only, any, none, entirely, absolute, 最高级等不是解

9.概括性的是解；—both, various, and, many, general, not only …but also,名词复数，系表结构等是解；

10.抽象的是解—approach, concept, misconception, awareness, property, character, chance, opportunity等是解

11.some是解—someone, somebody, something, someday, some time, certain(一些)等是解

12.重要是解—important, necessity, essential, significant, dominant, special, vital, particular, fundamental等是解

13.基础是解—basis, be based on, basic, in the nature, origin, originate等是解

14.虚词型的是解—another, other, more, either, also, beside, additional, extra, same 等是解 15.部分是解—nearly, not enough, part, inadequate等是解

16.复杂的是解—(简单的非解)含义矛盾的，中庸的，复合句，长的，比较结构，深刻含义，双重否定，三重否定，难的，different, separation, division, X and not X, instead of , complex, discuss, difficult是解

17.相互作用是解—interfere, effect, each other, affect, respond, adapt to, influence, compensate, associate with, relationship, cooperation, depend等是解

18.变化是解—change, shift, vary, alter, variation, formation, no longer, delay, improve, postpone, increase, convert等是解

19.积极向上是解—objective, new, inventive, 独出心裁的等是解

20.主观是解—忽视，neglect, ignore, expect, speculate, suspect, overlook, overestimate, like, dislike等是解

你把真题的解比较一下，是不是命题有规律！

最后再说一句：阅读的技巧只是在有好的阅读基础上才能使用！

技巧一：看懂

阅读理解其实主要考的是“阅读”之后的“理解”，所以，看得懂乃是第一项技巧。

任何一篇文章，若要能看懂它，至少需要两个条件：认识单词和看明白句子。单词就像盖房的砖瓦，考博词汇大约为5500个，这不是一个小数字，也并非三两天时间可以记住的，所以，考生必须先买一本考博英语词汇书进行系统、长期的学习和记忆。（推荐《考博英语词汇真题词频语境记忆》，该书打破了传统考博词汇书按字母顺序排序的做法，而是采用历年真题作为单词出现频率的统计依据，将所有大纲单词及超纲单词按照历年真题出现的频率从高到低排列，而且全部按照考过的不同词义配不同的真题例句，可以使学生用最少的时间获得最好的学习效率）.拿到词汇书之后，首先用大约一周的时间把这些单词中你根本不认识的挑出来，如rear, tedious, deteriorate, plausible, jargon, isotope, ……,（因为这些单词你可能完全不认识，看到之后两眼漆黑，所以称之为“黑”字）.“黑”字是阅读的头一个障碍，单词不认识，句子当然看不懂，所以，消灭“黑”字是当务之急。（争取用一个月左右的时间消灭它们！)

考博词汇中，除“黑”字外，还有大量意思非常明白的所谓“白”字，如：able, benefit, culture, space, topic, ……。此类单词可一掠而过，除“黑”（完全不认识）和“白”（完全明白）字两类外，还有许多似会不会的“灰”字，如：treaty, tutor, sample, saddle, fuss, ……。甚至还有大量你觉得会但其实并非如此的“灰”字，如：spring 除了“春天”之外，还当“泉水”、“弹簧”讲;account除了“帐户”，还作“原因;理由;解释;说明;报告;占……”解。affect除了“爱，深情”之外，还有“做作……”之义。背诵单词时，一定要多看词汇书中所给的例句才能牢记其意义。

除单词外，有时句子太长也会对阅读造成致命的伤害，如：

If you add to this the effects of a sonar set mounted in the small nose of a torpedo rushing through the water at speeds up to 80 miles per hour with its consequent noise and vibration, plus hullborne vibrations from the power plant, it can be seen that only the most advanced electronic filtering gives any chance of success.看完此句，很多考生如坠五里雾中，不知所云。其实，看懂长难句有点像撒网捕鱼，收网时应收紧网绳（叫纲），渔网自然会合拢。不要去乱抓网眼（那叫目）。看长难句亦应该做到“纲举目张”，先找句子的骨架（主＋谓＋宾），再解决修饰成份（定、状等）.此句it后为主句，但it不是其真正主语，叫形式主语，真正主语为后边的that从句，一般来说，英语的“主＋谓＋宾”也应像汉语那样按顺序放好，主语放谓语前，即：“只有最先进的电子过滤器才有成功的可能这一点可以被看得很明白。“（形式主语it不必译）但英译汉中，应尽量少用被动句型。所以，此句可译为：“可以很清楚地看出：只有最先进的电子过滤器才有可能获得成功”.（形式主语it不必译）

it前边不是句子的主要部分，而是一个由if 所引领的长长的状语从句。（如果说主＋谓＋宾是树干的话，定、状则像树叶，要繁杂和麻烦得多。）在整个if...这样一个句子构成的状语中，if you（主语）add（谓语）the effect to this（双宾语）为基本框架;那第二个宾语为何要倒过来呢？因为第一个宾语effects 后面跟了那么长那么多的定语。（注意：英语常将定语写在名词后，这一点与中文大相径庭：中文的定语一律放在名词前）

第一个定语为介词词组“of a sonar set ”，修饰effects，译为：“一套声纳设施的效果”;第二个定语为“mounted in the small nose“，过去分词当定语：“被安装在一个小鼻子上的”;第三个定语“of a torpedo” : “一个鱼雷的”;第四个定语“rushing...”译为：“以每小时80英里速度穿行于水里的”;后边还有一个“with...“(”plus...”为两逗号间的插入语)英文定语在名词后，中文却将定语放在名词effects前边。若定语不止一个，常采用倒着翻译的方法，我们称之为“倒解连环”.故整句意思为：“如果你把带着巨大噪音和震动的、以每小时80英里速度穿过水中的一个鱼雷的鼻尖部位上所安装的一套声纳设备的效果也加进去考虑的话，再加上还有由电机部分所造成的外壳的震动，那么，可以清楚地看到：只有最先进的电子过滤器才有可能获得成功。“

这就是考博英语的实情，怪不得每年的考博大军中，过60分者寥寥无几，每年也只有18%左右，英语考得好的同学，前途自然也比其他人更为光明。

大家切记，英语的句子中，“主＋谓＋宾”基本与中文一致，是按顺序摆放的，而定、状语经常倒着放，又长又多，比主、谓、宾要难很多。定、状语放好了，句子才能看明白，想看懂阅读理解中的长难句，语法基本功一定要扎实。

技巧二：选题

看懂文章之后，还有一个如何选题的问题，所以第二项技巧是选题问题。

众所周知，读完文章之后就要对文章后面的问题作出选择：是选A呢？还是选B、C？还是选D？许多考生说，文章有时看懂了，题就是选不对。其实选题也是大有技巧的，阅读的问题基本上分为五大类：

1.主旨题（又称中心思想题）: 这类题基本上是问main idea, 或best title是什么；也可以问作者写此文章的purpose何在；或问此文的conclusion可总结为什么。碰到这类题最简单的方法是把文中每段的首句串起来考虑。若是仅问其中某一段的中心思想为何，则可将该段的首、尾句加起来考虑。

2.词汇题（又称词语释义题）: 这类题常问考生一些不认识、从未见过的一些生词或词组的意思是什么。解题技巧为参考上、下文，尤其是下文。因为下文常常是对该词的解释、说明、举例等等。

3.作者态度题：常问作者对某事是什么态度：主观（subjective）还是客观（objective);肯定（positive）还是否定（negative);赞成（approval）还是反对（opposition）等等。解题的关键是要看作者在文中用了什么样的口气。若用褒义词，显然是赞成。若用贬义词，显然是反对。若客观陈述，则是中性的立场，不偏不倚。注意：作者态度常常在转折词后表明出来。所以，but一词至关重要（还有类似的yet, however, although, nevertheless等）.4.推理性问题：其典型词有两个：infer和imply。如：What can you infer from the story? 或What is the implied meaning of this sentence?

切记，推理性问题原文中没有现成的答案。答案是你自己推想出来的，但不能凭空瞎想，必须以原文中某句话或某个词语为依据去合理推测才能找到合适的答案。

注意：以上四种题型顶多占阅读理解考试总分的1/4左右，而其他约30分的题都属于以下提到的：细节性问题！

5.细节性问题：（声明：本书中没有指出题型的，大多为细节题）

此类题占阅读总分40分中的30分左右，因此十分重要。注意，这类问题与推理性问题截然相反，都可以从原文中找到答案，只不过为了迷惑考生，常常将原文进行改写，换一种说法。所以，照抄原文，一字不改的不一定就是答案，而与原文意思相同的，才是正确的。

除了将文章看懂，把题目选对之外，阅读理解还有两个非常重要的注意事项：速度与步骤。

技巧三：速度

大家都知道，仅仅把题选对是不够的，因为考试还有时间的限制。（你就算选对，每篇文章花一个小时那能行吗？！）记住，考试总共180分钟，四篇阅读最多占70～80分钟（即17～20分钟一篇），其余时间还要写作文、做翻译、英语知识运用等。

那么，对于速度过慢的考生，郭老师有什么建议呢？

第一、加大词汇量，这样读起来才会势如破竹，一气呵成。若生词太多，自然会磕磕跘跘，走不了太快。

第二、阅读中最忌讳的是一个字一个字地去读，那样又慢又差。正确的方法是用眼去抓句子的大致结构（叫意群阅读法）。还记得前面那个长难句吗？郭老师并没有孤零零地去看每一个词，而是先找到了it后面的主句，前头的if句虽然很长，只不过是个状语而已。而在主句中，我又抓住了它的主语that only the most advanced electronic filtering gives any chance of success和谓语can be seen。这种提纲挈领的读法，不仅可以使速度加快，更可以使准确率提高。

第三、考博是一场艰苦卓绝的拼搏。考博英语又比四、六级要难，所以保持头脑清醒和旺盛的斗志也至关重要。因此，考试前一天晚上的充足睡眠十分重要，可以在考场上保持敏锐、清醒的头脑，这对提高速度和专注精力大有裨益！

技巧四：步骤

阅读的步骤也十分重要。许多考生拿到文章之后从头读起，读完再去一个一个选答案。这种方法十分传统，叫整体阅读法。其优点是可以有一种全局感或整体感。缺点是文章太长，读后细节记不住，再去找答案又费劲又容易出错，许多细节都混淆在一起了，得分经常不高。郭老师建议同学们用一下查找阅读法：读完第一段就做第一题。然后看第二个问题问的什么，带着这个问题去看第二段，然后是第三段、第四段，依此类推。（注意，有一种问题可能此方法不太适用，那就是：主旨性问题）。查找式阅读法虽然把文章看得支离破碎，但得分往往很高，因为你刚看一段就去做一道题，这样记得住细节，抓得很准，广大考生不妨一试！

考博英语阅读理解 1、什么是技巧？

什么是技巧呢，简单的说，技巧就是通过实践检验出来的能够对迅速准确的确定正确答 案的具有通用性和普遍性的解题方法。

技巧绝不是天外来客，更不是上帝赐与的馅饼，她只是在实践中通过无数次摸爬滚打摔 打出来的必杀技。

任何脱离开实践的所谓“技巧”都只是水中之花、镜中之月。

而如果这种技巧既使是经过了实践的检验，而不具有通用性和普遍性的话，那么这也不 是技巧，因为本书的宗旨是保证高分，而不是寄希望于通过某一道两道题得出的一个没有通 用性、普遍性和实用性的“技巧”。、技巧和实力

没有会怀疑技巧和实力的关系，他们是相辅相成、相互促进的。但是理论是一回事，应 用到实践又是一回事，正如当年的马克思主义，从理论上来说是完美的，但是应用到中国实 践却远远不能解决问题，如果不是毛泽东救中国于水火之中恐怕现在的好日子还没有到来。所以说尽管许多考生心里明明知道实力和技巧的关系，但应用到实践之中却往往偏向了 不用费太多气力的技巧方面，这可能导致的后果就是使技巧失去实力的支撑变成了空中楼阁； 当然也有考生根本不相信技巧，一味凭实力说话，不过这也可能导致一个后果就是为了成功 花费了太多的时间和精力，甚至可能影响其他专业课的学习，这不符合用最小的代价获取最 大的成功的原则。

技巧的应用必需以实力为基础，一个简单的道理就是如果你不能完全看懂考博阅读理解 的短文，那么你如何保证你的选择一定是正确的，你如何保证自己一定可以拿到阅读满分？ 保证英语过关？

本书绝不主张赌博，本书主张的是把成功、把命运牢牢控制在自己手中！

②、技巧的两大类——真技巧和伪技巧

这里技巧的分类是从是否有用是否为总则服务的角度来划分的，有的技巧虽然听起来有 道理，但却和总则（即直接依据是检验真理的唯一标准）相背离，这样的技巧在某些模拟题 中可能适用，但却难以适应难度更高的考博真题。所以技巧可以分为两大类：实用的“真技 巧”和华而不实的“伪技巧”。

实用的“真技巧”指的是有助于迅速排除干扰项或澄清思维的方法，如在绝大多数情况 下符合短文中心思想的选择项都是正确的选择，除非有题问陷阱的干扰项。

华而不实的“伪技巧”是指从个别题目而来或从字面分析得来的不具有普遍性的，似乎 带有某种规律性的方法。如许多考博高手宣扬的“ some 判断法”，认为选项中只要出现了含 有“ some ”一词的选项就一定是对的。而这的确在前几年的考博真题中得到了验证，或者说 因为真题而总结出了这样一个“规律”，但这却仅仅是一种偶合，而不是真正放之任何真题都 适用的规律性的技巧，所以连续几年来的考博阅读真题中很少出现“ some ”这个单词，既使 出现也是作为一种人为的有意识的干扰项。

再比如说，笔者也绝不相信某些大师所说的是“体现否定的是答案”这一类粗糙的技巧，因为这些技巧根本来说都是从答案导技巧，而不是从技巧导答案，一旦没有推导出来，他们 也可能自园其说。但笔者却信奉的以技巧来验证答案的准确与否，而绝非从（偶然的）答案 推导不实用的伪技巧。任何人都可以从给定的答案说出一大篇道理来，但如果给定一道题目，大多数人却无法从他们的这些技巧推导处正确答案，其结果只能是误人子弟、毁人前途了。所以从本质上来说，实用的“真技巧”是放之四海皆准的解题思路，退一万不说，既使 她没有起到应有的作用她也绝不会害人，绝不会干扰你自身实力的发挥。而华而不实的“伪 技巧”既使蒙对了也是运气，而一旦运气离开了你，那你的前途就握在了不可知的上帝手里，而不会在你自己手里了。

③、不可不知的实用技巧、“中道”——技巧应用的核心

我们以 1996 年的一道考博真题为例：

The best title for this passage might be ____.{A} Inventive Mind {B} Effective Schooling {C} Ways of Thinking

{D} Outpuring of Tnventions

什么是中道呢，就是既不前进半步也不会退后半步，一个词“恰当”。对于这个例子来说，选项 B 和 D 范围太窄太具体，而选项 C 范围太宽，显然进一步到 C 落下悬崖，退一步到 B 或 D 掉进陷阱，恰当的表达中心思想的只有 A。所以说对于技巧的应用也是一样，太左或太右都是绝不可取的。、“正确≠答案”——大多数考生的误区

我们以 1993 年的一道考博真题为例：

The passage is mainly about ____.{A} an approach to patents {B} the application for patents {C} the use of patents {D} the access to patents

从全篇短文来看四个选项都有道理，可以说都是对的。但是正确绝不是最优，而大多数 考生往往面对这种局面不知所措，难以从中选出正确的选项。上述的例子还只是比较简单的 比较，偏重于四个单词的细微区别，而现在考博的难度日益加大，这种正确不等于最优的选 项绝对会越来越多，分辩将会越来说难，所以在看懂全文的基础上时不是在心里提个醒，别 一小心掉进了陷阱。3、“主旨≈答案”——体现文章主旨的往往是答案，但要看清题问中的陷阱

任何一篇文章都是围绕着中心思想展开论述的，所以说既使是细节也往往是中心思想的 体现，不过也要小心题问中的陷阱，正如前面所论述的题问陷阱，有时候一不小心白白丢掉 两分，岂不可惜？

我们以 1996 年的一道考博真题为例：

From the passage we can infer that ____.{A} reasoning has played a decisive role in the devate {B} creationists do not base their argument on reasoning {C} evolutionary theory is too difficult for non-specialists {D} creationism is supported by scientific findings

首先我们应当看到本题考的是 infer，而不是字面含义的总结。本文的主题思想就是对 creationists 的批判，从四个选项来看，只有 B 体现了文章的中心思想，而且在文章中也有直 接的依据，所以答案只能是她了。

我们再来看看 1998 的一道真题：

What the author tries to suggest may best be interpreted as ____.{A} ”It's no use crying over spilt milk“ {B} ”More haste, less speed“ {C} ”Look before you leap“

{D} ”He who laughs last laughs best“

这是一道非常典型的考文章中心思想的题目，选项 A “覆水难收”，选项 B “欲速则不达，心急吃不得热豆腐”，选项 C “三思而后行”，选项 D “笑到最后才是最好”。本文的主题论述 的是建造大坝之前要多方考证，否则会带来不良的后果。所以答案是 C。

如前所述，题问陷阱是主题是答案的克星，前述例子中考的是“ currently ”而不是考

“ should、could ”，在应试时更要小心。、“似是而非，半段正确”最可怕

我们先来看看 1998 年的一道真题：

Which of the following is true according to the passage?

{A} Environmentalists were blamed for antiscience in an essay.{B} Politicians are not subject to the labeling of antiscience.{C} The ”more enlightened“ tend to tag others as antiscience.{D} Tagging environmentalists as ”antiscience“ is justifiable.这是一道设计非常巧妙的考题，据说当年答对本题的考生不到 5%，因为这道题考了太多 的细节，而且每一个选项都有似曾相识的感觉，更何况本题如果以中心思想来判断的话是非 常难的，因为选项中本身就暗藏着陷阱。本题的直接依据是文中的这样一句话： But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay is US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest。

这里提醒所有考生注意一点：当你感觉到每一个选项似乎都对、都不对的时候千万要回 头再看看那些你认为一定不正确的选项，也许一个小小的留意就可以让你轻易拿到两分，而 且是和别人拉开差距的两分。本题的关键是 A 项中的短语 in an essay，这个隐藏在角落里的 小东西直接决定了答案是 A。

我们再来看看 1992 年的一道真题：

It can be concluded that a concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would ____.{A} prevent the sun's rays from reaching the earth's surface {B} mean a warming up in the Arctic {C} account for great changes in the climate in the northern hemisphere {D} raise the temperature of the earth's surface

本题的答案是 D, 尽管 D 看起来太短了一点太直接了一点，这一点令许多大师高手认为的 答案应当复杂化深刻化的感觉不快。我们现在看看为什么 C 不对，因为 C 也有直接依据： Also, the increase in atmospheric would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere, possible resulting in an alteration of the earth's chief food-growing zones。因为 carbon dioxide 导致 raise the temperature of the earth's surface，那当然也可能导致 great changes in the climate。也就是说单单从短文的角度来说选项 C 是正确的，不过短文中的 great changes in the climate 却是未来的推测，不是现时的影响，所以选项 C 是一个似是而非不符 合题意的选项，错。、“近义替换≠照抄原文”——照抄原文含义肤浅的选项一般不会是正确选项，但有时表面肤浅而内涵深刻的选项却是答案

我们可以想见，出题者的目的是设定最难的系数，让考生无从适从，而绝不会轻易的送 给你两分，那么从反面来说，那些照抄原文的、仅仅是从字面推导的肤浅的意思的选项应当 不会是答案。但是我们在处理这个技巧的时候，要记住任何时候“依据”都是处于绝对的最 高的位置的，所以正确的选项又绝对不能脱离开“依据”，所以往往“近义替换”的选项是答案。

我们先来看看 1993 年的一道真题：

From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those ____.{A} who are at the bottom of the society {B} who are higher up in their social status

{C} who prove better than their fellow-compeitors

{D} who could keep far away from this competitive world

显然选项 A、B、C 不仅是并列项，而且太具体、太片面、含义太肤浅，相对而言，选项 D 含义深刻，而且和“直接依据”中的“ competitor ”表达的意思是近义替换，所以答案就是 她了。

不过有时也有特例，我们再来看看 1999 年的一道有点意思的真题：

It seems that some young scientists ____.{A} have a keen interest in prediction {B} often speculate on the future {C} think highly of creative thinking {D} stick to ”scientific method“

本题考的直接依据是文中的这样一句话： In talking to some scientists, particularly younger ones, you might gather the impression that they find the ”scientific method“ a substitute for imaginative though。在这里笔者并不想讨论答案的原委，因为选项 A、B 和 C 是三个并列项，一对皆对、一错皆错，所以答案是 D。笔者想要说的却是尽管如此简单的题 可还是有大量考生在考试中答错了，为什么呢？因为他们认为 scientific method 是照抄的原文，似乎太简单而直接，但却没有看到这依然是一种最接近原文的近义替换，所以他们不仅没有想到如此，而且抛开了“直接依据是答案的唯一最终标准”的总则，最终饮恨不已。

表面肤浅而内涵深刻的例子还有一点，比如刚刚在上面举的这个例子 {D} raise the temperature of the earth's surface，看起来似乎太简单了一点，可她恰恰就是你的追求。所以 在技巧的应用过程中要细心体察“近义替换”和“照抄原文”的区别，根据实际情况与时俱进。、“送分主题”——主题性问题中必然有一个“范围太宽”的选项和两个“范围太窄” 的选项

正如我们在“中道”——把握技巧的关键中已经看到了的，在轻易排除两个选项之后往 往会在含义相近的一对选项中选择，紧扣中心思想不偏不倚的才是答案。所以从某种意义上 来说，主题性问题就是送分的题目。

我们来看看 1991 的一道真题：

This passage is mainly about ____.{A} the functions of carbon dioxide and water {B} the role of water in a growing plant {C} the process of simple sugar formation {D} the synthesis of water with carbon dioxide

这是一个典型的主题判断题，选项 A 范围太宽，选项 C 和 D 只是文章论述的两个方面，和主题相比显得太具体，所以答案在 B。

我们再来看看 1994 年的一道真题：

What is this passage mainly about?

{A} Approaches to the commercial use of computers.{B} Conveniences brought about by computers in business.{C} Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.{D} Advantages of credit cards in business.这也是一个比较典型的题目，不同的只是选项设置的稍微复杂一些。选项 A 只是短文所 论述的一个方面，过于片面化。选项 C 的重点是 automation 显然范围大于文章的重点 computers，范围太宽，而选项 D 显然范围过小，只是 credit cards，所以可以迅速断定答案 是 B。、顺序出题：“后发”、“先发”不会是答案

我们来看看 1995 年的一道真题：

When the author says ”a new way of being“(Line 4,Para 3)he is referring to ____.{A} a new approach to experiencing the world {B} a new way of taking risks

{C} a new method of perceiving ourselves {D} a new system of adaptation to change

比较而言，选项 B 包含在选项 A 之中，选项 C 没有依据，选项 D 在所考语句之后相隔 太远的地方出现，从文法上来说和所考点无关，即“后发”不会是答案。

同样的道理，如果选项中有的和所考语句相隔太前的话，这样的选项一般不会是答案，比方说所考语句在第三自然段，而选项 A 的出处在第一自然段，那么选项 A 一般不会是解。

因为这体现了出题者“顺序出题”的思路，通常而言，考博阅读理解题问的设置，尤其 是细节题绝对是按照短文顺序出题的，而绝不会是第一题考最后一段，第二题又跳回来考第 一段。这也是“先发”、“后发”不是答案的实践基础。

不过既使如此，技巧也有相对性和例外性，如 2001 年的一道真题：

The direct reason for specialization is ____.{A} the development in communication {B} the growth of professionalisation {C} the expansion of scientific knowledge {D} the splitting up of academic societies

本题答案 C 对应的并不是最后几个自然段，其直接依据是短文的第一段： Specialization can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge。这显然和“后发”非答案有矛盾，不过它体现了文章的中心思想，也不无道理。所以在应试中要仔细考虑、思量，务必不要放走任何一个。、“窘境”——当选项模拟两可的时候如何把握最优

这是所有考生都遇到过的情况，所有的选项都看起来似乎是对的，如何确定答案呢？这 时就要极其小心的根据“直接依据”进行“比较”，体察选项之间的细微区别，这样才能立于不败之地。

我们来看看 1997 年的一道真题：

According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? {A} Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner.{B} Gerald Levin is liable to compromise.{C} Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate.{D} Steve Ross is no longer alive.因为这道题考的是第二、第三两个大自然段的细节题，所以在紧张的考场上很难迅速找 到每一个选项的直接依据，四个选项看起来都正确但似乎又都有问题，这个时候的比较是非 常重要的，仔细看来，选项 A、B 和短文中的直接依据恰好相反，选项 C 中的 united as one 在短文中没有根据支持，现在只剩下了选项 D，初看起来 D 在四个选项中是最象“坏蛋”的，但此时比较的结果是必须给予它直接的依据，结果在文中找到这样一句话： At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992。用即读即 译阅读短文时对于 late 的理解可以是“过去的、上一任的、已故的”意思，在无法给予选项 A、B、C 以充分的依据的情况下，比较而言 D 更有道理。应当是最优答案。果然如此。

④、应当了解的辅助判断技巧、难度系数——最难的往往是答案

这本身就是考博英语阅读理解和其他任何英语考试的不同点，考博英语阅读理解的难度 是深层次的、内涵性的，它既不同于四六级的直接，而不同于托福只是考察大量单词的掌握 情况，所以考博英语阅读理解的关窍或者说陷阱特别多，这就是难的体现。

难度的体现在于难于理解、难于推导、难于比较、难以在文章中找到直接依据„„出题 者的思路是首先确定一个正确答案，当然这种答案绝不是你一眼就能看出的，然后围绕这个 最难的答案设置其他三个选择项，所以说，当你觉得拿不定主意的时候不妨用这个小技巧判 断一下。

不过即便判断是正确的，它也只能作为一种辅助的判断方式。为什么说只是一种辅助判 断呢？因为所有的辅助判断的目的在于当你无法迅速找到答案、或者找到了答案但心存疑虑 的时候，能够给你以证明，除此之外单独使用这些技巧是毫无意义的。、太具体的、绝对性的、太极端的选项一般不是答案，抽象的、概括性的、中庸的可

能是答案 这也只是一个辅助性的判断技巧，因为出乎意外的例子也有不少。上面这个技巧符合难 度原则，太具体、太极端、太绝对的选项一眼就可以看出，如果她就是答案，岂不是太简单 了一点？所以出题者往往喜好那些抽象一点的、概括一些的、中庸一些的选项。

不过太抽象、太概括、太中庸的也未必是答案，尤其是主题性的题问。一旦太概括，超出了本文的范围，就是“范围太泛”，泛则滥矣。、语义消极的一般不是答案，语义积极的选项机率更大

我不知道这是不是象某些大师高手所说的那样要注重对考生的教育，所以选项一般是积 极的，因为所选的文章内容一般都是中性和积极的。不过这的确可以在一些考博真题中得到 验证。

在这里我需要提醒考生的是在短文的阅读过程中要特别注意语气的变化，尤其是当作者 话风一改，由赞扬变成批判、由消极变成积极的时候，因为这往往意味着出题者的考点。

不过语义消极的也未必一定就是干扰项，比如说 1993 年的一道真题：

The word ”plagiarize“(Line 9, Para.5)most probably means ”____“.{A} steal and use {B} give reward to {C} make public {D} take and change 从四个选项来看，选项 B 和 C 偏重于褒义，选项 D 是中性的选项，选项 A 显然是贬义，所以许多考生选择的结果是 C 或 D，但这道题的答案恰恰是语义消极的选项 A。所以说，任 何技巧都有相对性，尤其是辅助判断选项。、正确答案一般隐藏于反义、近义、相似的两个选项之中，除非两项都是干扰项

这方面的例子举不胜举，因为设置一个干扰项对于出题者来说也不是一件轻松的工作，设置的原则往往是设置一个和答案相似、相反、近义的选项，所以正确的答案往往隐藏于这 些项目之中。

除非两项都是干扰项，这个道理也很好理解，因为出题者要设置一对干扰项也不是一件 轻松的工作，这需要耗费大量的脑力才能设置一对有相当难度和品味的干扰项。对于同义项 的判断是极其简单的，因为两个干扰项同义，当然不是完全意思一样，只是裙带关系。如果 选项 A 对那么选项 B 也一定对，所以选项 A 和 B 一定都错。

明了这个小技巧的目的在于提高答题的速度和准确率，尤其是速度。

⑤、辩证及综合应用技巧

前面已经说了许多关于技巧如何应用的话，现在笔者来重新总结一下：在任何时候考生 都要记住一个自明的原则，那就是技巧应应时、应地、应人而根据实际情况来使用，如果把 技巧当作一个僵化的、一成不变的东西，那么技巧作为一把双刃剑可能伤害的就是你自身。另一个原则就是任何技巧都是为了“直接依据是真理的最终判断标准”这个总则服务的，绝对不能本末倒至。

最后，技巧的辩证应用还在于在解题的过程中要综合应用多种技巧进行多方判断，尤其 是心有疑虑的时候。

我们还是以上述的 1995 年的一道真题为例来进行说明：

When the author says ”a new way of being“(Line 4,Para 3)he is referring to ____.{A} a new approach to experiencing the world {B} a new way of taking risks

{C} a new method of perceiving ourselves {D} a new system of adaptation to change 技巧应用：

选项 A 和选项 B 是相似项，从范围来看，B 包含在 A 之中；

选项 A 和选项 B 相比 A 更加抽象、更加概括，B 偏重于具体经历；

选项 C 在短文中没有直接依据，似是而非；

选项 D 的依据相距太远，“后发”不是答案。

综合判断：选项 A 是答案。

我们再来看看 1994 年的一道真题：

The author implies that by the year 2000, ____.{A} there will be a drastic rise in the five-year survival rate of skin-cancer patients {B} 90 percent of the skin-cancer patients today will still be living

{C} the survival statistics will be fairly even among patients with various cancers {D} there won't be a drastic increase of survival rate of all cancer patients 技巧应用：

看清题问，题问问的是 author implies，千万要完全忘记“真我”的干扰；

选项 A 和选项 B 都是对具体事物的描述，表面化，没有难度，如果选项 A 是答案那么没 有理由选项 B 不是答案，所以选项 A、B 一般不是答案；这里不要匆忙下结论，必须看完所有选项再做出判断；

选项 C 隐藏着一个选项陷阱 fairly even，这个小小的东西使得 C 在文中没有依据的支撑，一定不是答案；

选项 D 体现了这个段落的整个中心思想，而且有直接依据的支撑，所以是答案。

这里需要注意的是本题考的是复杂长句的理解，所以在即读即译的时候要仔细看清复杂长句的意思，这样可以迅速做出判断。

最后，我们来看看 1999 年的一道真题：

We learn from the last paragraph that ____.{A} pushing information on the Web is essential to Internet commerce {B} interactivity, hospitality and security are important to online customers {C} leading companies began to take the online plunge decades ago

{D} setting up shops in silicon is independent of the cost of computing power 技巧应用：

选项 A 体现了所考自然段的中心思想，似乎她应当是所求，但是题问中用了一个误导性的词 essential，所以至少选项 A 和实际情况有出入；

选项 B 表面上来看照抄了大量原文，怀疑不是答案；

选项 C 与直接依据不符合；

选项 D 在文中没有任何依据，虽然可以凭“自我”推断出来，但一定错；

回头再比较选项 A 和 B, 选项 A 虽然体现了段中心，但毕竟总则是“直接依据是唯一最终 标准”，所以本题的答案是 B。

五、完美的答题流程——使阅读满分握在你手

综上所述，我们可以制定出一个相对完美的答题流程：

①、先看懂所有题问和选项的含义，划出关键词；

②、“即读即译”看短文，搜索关键词的同时注意转折、强烈语气词以及对复杂长句、超 纲词的理解，没完全看懂的地方一定要作出记号（真我）；

③、做题，对应短文中的关键词处查找；如果有拿不准的选项，一定要在短文处和题问 处前后对照，并且每一个选项一定要在文中找到证明其对错的直接依据。万万不能凭自己的 主观臆断而不在文中查找直接依据（忘我），尤其是当你左右为难的时候千万不能草率的认定 某项一定错，要前后多斟酌；

④、当选项或短文中不懂的生词难以理解、或选项难以用直接依据区分其细微差别的时 候，这时可以运用实用技巧以及辅助技巧进行综合判断，以从另一个角度验证答案的正确性。这里应当注意的是：

①、必须养成一遍看懂全文的习惯，但应试时的“即读即译”以泛译为主，以理解为目 的，在保证理解的前提下尽可能提高阅读的速度；

②、通常来说，细节对应于短文中具体的话语，概括题对应于中心句或全文的语气基调（体现为强烈语气词），即便要推论也只能从短文中的具体语句展开，而不能从“常识”展开；

③、不要陷入纯技巧的误区，只有在看懂全文的基础上技巧才有真正的用武之地，毕竟 本书的目的是保证满分，而不是用技巧进行赌博，既使是赌博也没有谁能够输得起的。所以 说即便是那些实用性更强的技巧也是为“直接依据”服务的，绝不能颠倒主次。技巧只是提 升速度和增加准确率，但技巧本身不是速度，更不是准确率。

不过，为了让阅读理解的满分牢牢握在自己手里，除了一个完美的答题流程之外，你还 需要注意以下的细节：

①、信心：要时刻相信自己绝对不是平庸的人，自己绝对应该是属于超越平凡人的那一 类人。而且当你仔细研究了历年阅读理解的真题之后，你本身也一会具有那种觉得洞悉一切 真谛的信心；

②、心态：欲速则不达，尤其在枯燥而相对漫长的复习过程中。所以这时候的心态非常 重要，你必需要有自己的相对固定的学习方法，不能因为别人的影响而轻易改变自己的复习计划，除非经过全面的考证觉得应该改进自己的学习方法、调整自己的复习进度；

③、毅力：克制住自己的欲望和惰性，人都有一个驱乐避苦的本性，在神与动物的漫长 的直线两头，你克制自己的欲望越多，你就会上升向着神的方向（在这里，神的方向至少也 是成功的方向）前进的更多，而你放纵自己的越多的时候，也是你越堕落的时候；

④、实力：实力是一个相对的东西，而且只有在你具备了信心、心态、毅力之后你的实 力才会稳步上升，而实力和技巧是决定是否能够拿到阅读满分的坚实基础；

⑤、临场状态：只有考虑到每一点微小的细节，准备到十分的充分，这样才能调整到自 己的状态接近到一个巅峰的状态，这时你想的绝对不会是英语及格的问题，而是击败所有对 手，取得绝顶成绩的问题。

以上说了这么多，也许有的考生会觉得有些高不可攀，其实本书所述的都是经过实践证 明的大实话，因为考博是人生的一个伟大转折，只有各方面考虑周全才能取得最好的成绩、上最好的院校。考博英语阅读理解也一样，只有也只要完全做到了上述的几个基本条件，那么满分就一定会牢牢握在你的手中！

关于词汇问题（Vocabu1ary）

词汇（Vocabulary）是四级阅读理解测试中非常重要的一项。词汇类其实也是就细节进行提问，所不同的是这是唯一关于词或词组的练习项目，词汇题往往要求对文章中的某个单词、短语甚至句子等找出近义词或最合适的解释。解答这类题需要学生拥有较大的词汇量。可是，单词记忆似乎已成为学生普遍反映最头痛的难题。阅读理解中词汇类问题的常见提问方式有下列几种：

(1)According to the author ,the word ”…“means_______.(2)Which of the following is nearest in meaning to ”…“?

(3)The term ”..“in paragraph… can be best replaced by ….(4)What's the meaning of ”…“in line …of paragraph….?

(5)As used in the line …, the word ”…“refers to _______.一般来说，在文章的阅读中解决释义的最邓办法是猜测词义。猜测词义也需要一定的技巧，可以通过1)上下文间意义的联系；2）同义关系，反义关系；3）词的定义；4）对词的解释和举例；5）构词法知识猜测词义。

1.利用上下文词语意义的互相联系猜测词义 Example : The fishermen make their canoes from tree trunks.They go from island to island in these light marrow boats and collect turtles' eggs

我们从上下文中可以得出以下信息：”canoes“是一种渔夫用树木做的、来回于岛屿之间的、轻狭长的、类似于小船之类的东西。尽管我们可能还不能肯定它的确切解释，但这一生词已经不会影响我们的阅读和理解了。Example ：

Jogging has become very popular in some countries ,It is believed to be a good exercise for old people.”Jogging“的意思通过”a good exercise for old people “可以推断出是一种适合老年人的剧烈的运动方式。

2.利用文章中词与词的同义和反义关系猜测词义

Example :

If you happened to be sitting in the woods outside the city ,you might have witnessed a strange sight.You would have seen a very proud looking man riding along horseback , saying something 在文章中可以很容易地判断出”witnesss“的同义关系词是”seen“,因此”witness“就是看见的意思。

Example : In the northern regions the winters are generally cold and humid ,and the summers hot and dry.显然，冬天和夏天的气候是截然相反的，它们的修饰词的意思也应该截然相反。”cold“与”hot“对应，”humid“与”dry“对应。因此，”humid“是”潮湿" 意思。

第五篇：学位英语阅读理解

阅读理解

Among all the animals,the ape is most like human beings….1.What does the fist paragraph tell us? The ape looks like human beings most.2.Which of the following sentences is TRUE? Apes have weak legs but very strong arms.3.Apes build nests in the trees but seldom sleep there for more than a night or two because They like to move from place to place in search of more food.4.Among the three kinds of apes, the gorilla is the biggest.5.The last paragraph tells us that the intelligence of chimpanzees is similar to that of human children.Among the more colorful characters of Leadville’s golden age wee H.A.W….1.Leadville got its name for the following reasons EXCEPT ? because Tabor became its leading citizen.2.The word”grubstake”in paragraph 2 means ? to supply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine, if one was discovered.3.Tabor made his first fortune ? by supplying two prospective miners and getting in return a one-third interest in the findings.4.The underlying reason for Tabor’s life career is ? based on the analysis of miner’s being very poor and their possibility of discovering profitable mining site.5.If this passage is the first part of an article,WHOmight be introduced in the folling part ? Tabor’s second wife,Elizabeth McCourt.Amtrak was experiencing a downswing in ridership along the lines….1.What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage? To illustrate the important role of persuasive communication in changing consumer attitudes.2.It can be inferred from the passage

that the drop in Amrrak ridership was due to the fact that ? trains were not the fastest and most convenient form of transportation.3.To encourage consumers to travel by

train,DDB Needham emphasized ? the adventurous aspects of train trips.4.The train ads were placed among

family-oriented TV programs involving

nature

and

America

because ? most travel-lovers and nervous fliers were believed to be among the audiences.5.According to the passsage,the

Empire Builder enjoyed an increase in ridership and profits because ? the attractiveness of its name and route was effectively advertised.As regards social conventions,we must say a word about the….1.The middle class mainly refers to

people ? who are prosperous businessmen or who work in some professions.2.The

most

obvious

difference between the working class and the middle

class

in

English

is

their ?accent

3.Why isn’t the word”sir”commonly

used in Britain ? because it sounds too servile and is likely to cause embarrassment.4.The”upper class”in England today ?

includes the hereditary aristocracy 5.Which of the following is not true

about the English class system ? Working-class

students

cannot

receive a unibersity education.Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international maike….1.According to the passage,which of

the following is true? Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.2.According to the author,the model of

Pepsi ? is in line with the theories of the school advocating the business is business the world around.3.The two schools of thought ? admit

the existence of cultural diversity in business world.4.This article is supposed to be most

useful for those ? who want to run business on International Scale 5.According to Fortune,successful

international companies ? all have the quality of patience

“Family” is of course an elastic word.But when British people say that….1.What does the author mean

by”Family is of course an elastic word”? Different definitions could be given to the word.2.For an English family,the husband’s

duty is? Financial while the wife is running the home.3.Everything is decided in a family? By

the couple.4.What is TRUE concerning the book

Pride and Prejudice? It gives quite some ideas of English social life in the past.5.With regard to marriage in

Britain,present day girls differ from

former time girls in? social position.It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory….1.Which of the following is TRUE

about memory? It connects our past experiences with the present.2.According to the passage,memory

is helpful in one’s life in the following aspects EXCEPT that? it warns people not to do things repeatedly.3.What is the author’s view about

computers and human beings in terms of intelligence? Human beings are far superior to computers.4.What is the major characteristic of

man’s memory capacity according to the author? It can be expanded by language.5.Human beings make themselves

different from other animals by? Having a far greater memory capacity.Long after the 1998World Cup was won,disappointed fans were still….1.The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ? analyze the causes of errors made by football referees.2.The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ? quite unexpected.3.The findings of the experiment show that ? errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball.4.The word”officials”most probably refers to ? the referees of the football tournament.5.What is one of the possible conclusions of the experimen? Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.Most Shoplifters agree that the January sales offer wonderful opportunities….1.January is a good month for shoplifters because? There are so many people in the store.2.The sputniks hanging from the ceiling are intended? To make films that can be used as evidence 3.The case last October was important because ? knew that the detective had seen her 4.The woman stealing perfume ? guessed what the sputniks were for.5.The woman’s action before leaving the store shows that she ? was afraid she would be arrested More and more,the operations of our business, governments,and financial….1.It can be concluded from the passage that ? computer crimes are the one of most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions.2.It is implied in the third paragraph that ? many more computer crimes go undetected than are discovered.3.Which of the following is mentioned in the passage ? Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes.4.The underlying reason for the

comuter criminals to get

recommendations he needs is that ? the employers are much afraid of bringing the public into disbelief towards them through the criminals words in open court.5.What may happen to computer

criminals once they are caught ? They may walk away and easily find another job.Material culture refers to what can be seen,held,felt,used-what….1.Research into the material culture of

a nation is of great importance because? it helps understand the nation’s past and present.2.It can be learned from this passage

that? Near Eastern music had an influence on the development of the instruments in the symphony orchestra.3.According to the author,music

notation is important because? is has a great effect on the music culture as more and more people are able to read it.4.It can be concluded from the

passage that the introuduction of electronic media into the world of music? Has given rise to new forms of music culture.5.Which of the following best

summarizes the main idea of the passage? The development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect.President

Coolidge’s

statement,”The

business of America is business,”….1.The statement”The business of

America

is

business”probably

means ? Business is of primary concern to Americans.2.Americans believe that they can

realize their personal values only ? by way of competition.3.Who can benefit from business

competition? Both businessmen and their custmers.4.Government is believed to differ

strikingly from business in that government is characterized by ? its absolute control of power.5.It can be inferred from the passage

that the author believes ? in many countries success often depends on one’s social status.Sixteen years ago,Eileen Doyle’s husband,an engineer,took his….1.When her husband left home,Eileen

Doyle?could not understand why.2.Most people who leave their families

behind them? Do so without warning.3.The man or woman left behind

usually? Feels embarrassed and useless.4.Paul Brown regards leaving home in

such circumstances as? An act of selfishness.5.The Salvation Army believes that?

some women never give their men another chance.So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching an learning….1.The problem with the reading course

as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ? too much time is spent in teaching about reading.2.The teaching of reading will be

successful if ? teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading.3.The word”scrutiny”most probably

means” “ ? observation

4.According to the passage,learning

to read will no longer be a difficult task when ? children become highly motivated.5.The main idea of the pasage is that ?

reading ability is something acquired rather than taught.There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer….1.The passage is mainly concerned

with ? the attraction of baseball.2.Those who don’t like baseball may

complain that ? it is not exciting enough.3.The author admits that ? baseball may seem boring when boring when watched on TV.4.By stating ‘I could have had my eyes closed.”the author means ? Even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago,it could make no difference to the result.5.We can safely conclude that the author ? like baseball The view over a valley of a tiny village with thatched roof cottages….1.Which of the following remains a unique feature of the English countryside? Cottages with thatched roofs.2.What do we know about thatching as a craft ? It is in most cases handed down among family members.3.Thatched houses are still preferred because of ? their style and comfort 4.People in developing countries also live under thatch because ? thatched roof houses are the cheapest 5.We can learn from the passage that ? the English people have a special liking for thatched houses The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist….1.The passage is mainly about ? a possible cause of aircraft crashes.2.What is said about the over 100 aircraft incidents in the past 15 years ?They were suspected to have resulted from electromagnetic interference.3.Few airlines want to impose a total ban on their passengers using electronic devices because ? most passengers refuse to take a palne which bans the use of radio and cassette players.4.Why is it difficult to predict the possible effects of electromagnetic fields on an airplane’s computers ? Because research scientists have not been able to produce the same effects in labs.5.It can be inferred from the passage

that the author ? hasn’t formed his own opinion on this problem.Today,there many avenues open to those who wish to continue their education….] 1.According to the passage,which of

the folling is NOT a disadvantage of part time education? It requires some bread in one’s career.2.Which of the following isNOT an

advantage of distance learning? Their tutorial assistance comes through

regular

airmail,telephone,facsimile machine,etc.3.What benefit will distance learning

rogram bring to a business? Includes subject evaluation tool

4.Good distance learning program

have the following characteristic EXCEPT?

Professor-student

relationship is srictly one to one all through the course.5.What benefit will distance learning

bring to an employee of a business? Professional growth

The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative….1.Advertising

can

persuade

the

cosumer to buy worthless products by ? appealing to his bying motives.2.The

reason

why

the

bread

advertisement is misleading is that ? the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same.3.The passage tells us that ?

sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needsl.4.It can be inferred from the passage

that a smart consumer should ? think carefully

about

the

benefits

described in the advertisements.5.The passage is mainly about ? the

positive and negative aspects of advertising.The

rise

of

multinational corporations,global marketing,new communications….1.According

to

the

passage,U.S.leadership in public relations

is

being

threatened

because of ? increased efforts of other countries in public relations.2.London could soon replace New

York as the center of Prbecause ? British

conpanies

place more importance on

PR

than

U.S.companies.3.The word”provincial”most probably

means” “ ?limited in out look 4.We learn from the third paragraph

that employees in the American PR industry ? are not as sophisticated as their European counterparts.5.What lesson might the PR industry

take from Ted Turner of CNN? American

PR

industry

should

develop global communications technologies.The English have the reputation of being very different from all other nationalities…..1.One explanation for the different

character of English people is that? they are geographically isolated from the European continent.2.The word “inhibited” in this passage

probably means?unable to express and relax freely.3.According to the passage,on

entering a railway compartment,an overseas visitor is expected to? Shake hands with all the passengers.4.The English way of commenting on

something or somebody suggests that? the English tend to dispay less emotion than they feel.5.What does the passage mainly

discuss ? The different character of the Englishman and its reason.The largest shark known to us, Megalodon, is extinct.Or is it ? 1.The following is commonly known EXCEPT ? Megalodon is not extinct but just out of reach.2.What makes scientists doubt about the belief that Megalodon is ectinct ? The discovery of a live Coelacanth.3.What was special in their recorded sounds ? To follow the track of the Soviet warships under water.4.What was special in their recorded sounds ? A strange, powerful animal sound was heard.5.What can be concluded from the passage ? Megalodon may be still alive deep in the ocean.There are many ways of defining success,It is accurate to say….1.In the first paragraph,the author implies that ability and environment are essential in achieving success.2.The word”frugal”means thrifty 3.Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because they are not rich enough by their own standards.4.The last paragraph implies that success means trying one’s best at what one really likes.5.This passage mainly talks about the definition of success.Videodisc holds great promise of helping to meet the needs of American…..1.The special education mentioned in the text is mainly concerned with students who are either mentally or physically disabled.2.A videodisc courseware is beneficial to those who have study difficulties because it allows the user to go back to where he wants to restudy.3.According to Professor Healey,we may infer that mentally retarded children perhaps need graphic representations in order to understand higher-order language concepts.4.The best phrase that summarizes the main idea of the text is videodisc and special education.5.The word “impairment”probably means disability

When Mike Kelly first set out to build his own pribate space-ferry service….1.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? Take Vacations in Space 2.The

phrase

“

berad-and-butter

business”most probably means the business to make a living

3.How much is the two-hour space tour for each person according to Space Adventures in Arlington? $98000

4.Which of the following is TRUE according to

the

passage?The

government has little interests in this

project.5.What’s the author’s tone in the last sentence of the passage? Ironical What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home?....1.Americans enjoy fast food mainly

because? It is time-saving and convenient

2.It can be inferred that children? are

not good at using forks and knives while eating

3.Many Americans are eating out and

not cooking at home nowadays because? many of them live alone or don’t like taking trouble to cook.4.According to the text,a drive-in

window is a? window in the restaurant from which you get your meal in the car.5.The expressin”pitch in with”probably

means? help

While still in its early stages,welfare reform has already been judged a….1.From the passage,it can be seen that

the author? Considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful.2.Why aren’t people enjoying better

lives when they have jobs? Because their wages are low.3.What is worth noting from the

example of Athens County is that? Greater efforts should be made to improve people’s living standards.4.From the passage we know that

welfare reform aims at? Rebuilding the work ethic.5.According to the passage before the

welfare reform was carried out? the poor used to rely on government aid.When school was out,I hurried to find my sister and get out of the schoolyard….1.The tone of this passage as a whole

is ? reflective

2.The narrator had most probably

been placed in the C class because ? all children of transient laborers were placed in the C class

3.The basic reason why the people in

the community distrusted the transient workers was that the transient workers ? were temporary residents.4.Which of the following is not

characteristic of Gypsies ? Make ginger ale in their house.5.Immediately after the narrator was

moved to the A class,what was the atttitude of Barbara and Barbara’s friends towards her? Acceptance While the cities of China have undergone modernization evident in the rising….1.According to the author,dramatic

changes took place in ?cities but not countryside of China.2.It can be inferred from the second

paragraph

that

?peasants

in

Midwest America raise more corns while Chinese peasants taise more rice.3.The author was traveling to Wuhu ?in

order to visit his grandparents.4.The author’s grandparents ?live in

an apartment similar to westerners.5.Which of the following is the best

title for this passage ? Flash back to China.When one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the english….1.In contrast to the earlier linguists,modern linguists tend to ? evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patterns 2.Choose the appropriate meaning for the word”inflection”used in line 5 of paragraph 2?Chnges in the forms of words.3.Which of the following statements is not mentioned in the passage? It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginning of the modern English language.4.The author of these paragraphs is probably a(an)？linguist 5.Which of the following can be best used as the title of the passage ? Our changing language.Why does cream go bad faster than butter?Some researchers think they have the….1.The significance of Brocklehurst’s research is that ? it suggested a way to keep some foods fresh without preservatives.2.According to the researchers,cream souns fast than butter because bacteria ? multiply more easily in cream than in butter.3.According to Brocklehurst,we can keep cream fresh by ? altering its structure 4.The word”colonies”refers to ? bacteria communities.5.Commercial application of the research finding will be possible if salad cream can be made resistant to bacterial attack ? while retaining its form.You’re busy filling out the application form for a position you really need….1.The main idea of this passage is that?

Lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem.2.According to the passage,”special

cases”refers to cases that? students never attended a school they listed on their application.3.We can infer from the passage that?

a degree from a famous school enables an applicant to gain advantage over others in job competition.4.This passage implies that? society

should be greatly responsible for lying on applications.5.The word “phony”means? false