第一篇：新概念二84课讲义
Lesson 84On strike
【New words and expressions】（11）
striken.罢工
busmann.公共汽车司机
statev.正式提出，宣布
agreementn.协议
relievev.减轻
pressuren.压力，麻烦
extentn.程度
volunteerv.自动提出，自愿
gratituden.感激
Pressn.新闻界
objectv.不赞成，反对
★strike
及物动词 vt.1.打,击,攻击[O1]
He was struck by lightning.他被闪电击中。
She struck him with a stick.她用棒打他。
3.(钟)敲响报(时)
The clock struck twelve.钟敲十二点。
5.打(火);划(火柴);盖(章)
The girl struck a match to light a cigarette.那女孩划火柴点燃一根烟。
不及物动词 vi.1.打,击;袭击;进攻[(+out)]
His knee struck against the chair.他的膝盖撞到了椅子上。
The enemy struck at dawn.敌人于拂晓时发起进攻。
2.(钟)敲,鸣;(时间)被鸣报
Twelve has just struck.刚刚敲过十二点。
3.突然想到;突然发现[(+on/upon)]
He struck on a solution to the problem.他突然想到一个解决问题的办法。
4.(火柴)被划着;(火)被点燃The match wouldn't strike.这火柴划不着。
7.罢工[(+for)]
The coal miners struck for better safety conditions.煤矿工人罢工要求改善安全状况。
名词 n.[C]1.打击;攻击;空袭
The commander decided to make an air strike on the enemy's supply line.指挥官决定空袭敌人的补给线。
2.罢工,罢课,罢市
The steel workers called a strike.钢铁工人发动了罢工。
The bus drivers' strike stopped all traffic.公共汽车司机罢工使一切交通停顿。
3.射门。
State
及物动词 vt.1.陈述;声明;说明
The witness stated that she had never seen Mr.Smith.证人宣称她以前从未见过史密斯先生。
n
1状况,状态[C]
The vice president is in a state of poor health.副总统健康状况不佳。
2.情况;形势[C]
3.形态;心态;兴奋状态[C]
Ice is water in a solid state.冰是水的固体状态。
4.国家,政府,国土[C][U]
All the land belongs to the state in this country.在这个国家土地全属国有。
6.(常大写)美国的州[C]
7.(大写)美国,合众国[the P][J]
8.身份,地位[U]
The superstar lives in state.那个超级明星过着豪华的生活。
形容词 a.1.国事的;官方的;国家的,政府的Yesterday a state dinner was given in honor of the visiting president.昨天设国宴款待来访的总统。
agreement
1同意,一致[U]
My parents are in agreement on what color to paint the house.我父母亲对于用什么颜色漆房子意见一致。
2.协定,协议[C]
gentlemen's 君子协定 shotgun 强迫达成的original 原始loan 贷款协定
: 普通用词，含义最确定，泛指个人、团体或国家之间取得一致而达成的任何协议、协定或合同、契约等，可以是口头的，也可以是书面的。: 侧重指双方或多方订立的具有法律效力的正式的书面合同或契约。: 指国家之间经外交谈判后依照国际法签订的正式条约。: 通常指商业交往中的购销合同
: 指不具约束力的非正式的协议
★relievev.减轻
① vt.缓解，减轻
This will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent.This medicine has relieved my toothache.② vt.使„„宽心/宽慰，松一口气
The news relieved the whole family..Go ahead,yourself!请方便吧!
3救济;救援;解围
Rescue workers were sent to relieve the trapped coal miners.抢险人员被派去解救被困在井下的煤矿工人
tothe poor救济贫民sb.in need济人之急
4解除职务[(+of)relieve sb of sth
The minister was relieved of his post.部长被解除了职务
relieve sb.of 1.帮助某人解脱
Let me relieve you of your suitcase.我来帮你拿手提包吧。
2.从某人处偷取 The thief relieved him of his watch.小偷偷走了他的手表。
pressure
压;按;挤;榨[U]
The small box was flattened by the pressure of the heavy book on it.小盒子被这本厚厚的书压扁了。
2.压力;压迫;紧迫;催促[U][C]
He works well under pressure.他在有压力的情况下工作很出色。
These old people are unaccustomed to the pressure of modern life.这些老人不习惯现代生活的紧张压力。
pressurize vt(气密/密封)增压,加压
the airplane cabin is pressurized;a space suit.机舱被密封了；密封太空服
impossible to;resisting compression.不可能；耐
Extent程度;限度;范围[U][the S]
To a certain extent, I am responsible for the delay.在一定程度上,我对拖延负有责任
★volunteerv.自动提出，自愿
① vt.&vi.自愿，自动提出，自愿提供
Some college students have volunteered to drive buses while the strike lasts.After the fire, many people volunteered their services.Frank has volunteered for the army.② n.自愿参加者，志愿者
Are there any volunteers for a try?有自愿试一试的人吗？
Gratitude 感激之情,感恩,感谢[U][(+to/for)]
Debt of 人情债
He acted so out of gratitude.他是出于感激而这么做的。
She felt an immense gratitude to Wilson.她对威尔逊无比感激。
Makea lifelong habit.让感激成为终生的习惯。is the best attitude.感恩是最好的态度。
★Pressn.新闻界（集合名词）
Ian is a member of the press.The press is/are waiting to see the president.记者们在等着见总统。Pressconference 新闻发布会，记者招待会（新闻发布会 又称记者招待会，是一个社会组织直接向新闻界发布有关组织信息，解释组织重大事件而举办的活动。）
记者招待会是：党政部门、社会团体或个人邀请新闻记者参加的公开新闻发布会，它既为发言人（或主持人）提供了同一个场所面对较多记者的机会，也为新闻界提供了获得新闻材料的一种有效而又简便的采访方式。⑴新闻发布会则是：国家、政党、社会团体任命或指定的专职（比较小的部门为兼职）新闻发布人员，其一般是该职能部门中层以上的负责人，在一定时间内就某一重大事件或时局的问题，约见个别记者，发布有关新闻或阐述本部门的观点立场，并代表有关部门回答记者的提问
object1
名词 n.1.物体[C]
I don't know the names of the objects in this lab.我不知道这个实验室里物件的名称。unidentified flying 不明飞行物 UFO
2.对象;目标[C][(+of)]of proof证明
3.目的,宗旨[C]
What is the object of his visit? 他这次访问的目的是什么?
4.【语】宾语[C]
object2 [əbˈdʒekt]
不及物动词 vi.1.反对[(+to)]
No one objected to the plan.没有人反对这项计划。
I.我反对
及物动词 vt.1.反对（说）[Y][+(that)]
Mother objected that Jimmy was too weak to take up the job.母亲反对说,吉米身体虚弱,不可承担那份工作。
【Text】
Busmen have decided to go on strike next week.The strike is due to begin on Tuesday.No one knows how long it will last.The busmen have stated that the strike will continue until general agreement is reached about pay and working conditions.Most people believe that the strike will last for at least a week.Many owners of private cars are going to offer 'free rides' to people on their way to work.This will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent.Meanwhile, a number of university students have volunteered to drive buses while the strike lasts.All the students are expert drivers, but before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test.The students are going to take the test in two days' time.Even so, people are going to find it difficult to get to work.But so far, the public has expressed its gratitude to the students in letters to the Press.Only one or two people have objected that the students will drive too fast!
参考译文
公共汽车司机决定下星期罢工。罢工定于星期二开始，谁也不知道会持续多久。司机们声称此次罢工将一直持续到就工资和工作条件问题达成全面协议的时候为止。多数人认为此次罢工至少会持续一个星期。很多私人汽车的车主正准备为乘车上班的人们提供“免费乘车”的服务，这将在某种程度上减轻对火车的压力。与此同时，有一部分大学生自愿在罢工期间驾驶公共汽车。所有的学生都是开车的能手，但在驾驶公共汽车之前，他们必须通过一项专门测验。学生们准备在两天后就接受测验。即使这样，人们仍会感到上班有困难。但到目前为止，公众已经向新闻界写信表达他们对学生们的感激之情了。只有一两个人提出反对意见，说学生们会把车开得太快！
【课文讲解】
1、Busmen have decided to go on strike next week.go on strike举行罢工
on strike在罢工
It is not clear yet when the teachers on strike will return to their classrooms.Theymonday in demand of a 30 percent wage increase.他们於星期一举行罢工，要求增加百分之三十工资。: 多指通过劳动或投资等手段所得到的收入。: 指收入中的补贴部分。: 与earnings含义很相近，但前者强调总收入。: 指按年定下，按月或星期平均给予的报酬，指脑力劳动者的薪水。
: 多用复数形式，指按小时、日或星期的报酬，通常指体力劳动者的工资。: 是个通用词，可取代salary与wage.2、The strike is due to begin on Tuesday.dueadj.预定的，约定的be due to do sth.定于（某时做某事）
The plane is due(to arrive)in London at 9 o’clock.be due to +n.由于„„，因为„„
Our delay was due to the heavy traffic.3、Many owners of private cars are going to offer 'free rides' to people on their way to work.free ride免费乘车
4、This will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent.to some extent =to a certain extent在某种程度上
The weather has helped me to some/a certain extent.5、Only one or two people have objected that the students will drive too fast!object that„提出异议，反对
They objected that the book was too difficult for them.object to 名词/动名词反对，不喜欢，不赞成A lot of people object to smoking in public places.Do you object to my sitting beside you?
【Special Difficulties】
it作先行宾语
在主语+动词+宾语+宾语补足语的句型中，常用it作先行宾语，真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式或从句：
People are going to find it difficult to get to work.常用这种结构的动词有：find，think，consider，feel，make，keep等：She felt it right for them to arrest the thief.They consider it impossible to finish the work in three days.
第二篇：新概念3第五课讲义
Lesson5The facts
(1)Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics.go to extremes 走极端
The bossprovide sb with sth 向某人提供某物
Govementthese refugees food and tents.unimportantadj.不重要的。否定前缀还有un-, dis-, im-, in-, ir-, ab-un-unhappy, unable, unfriendly, uncormfortable
dis-dishonest, dislike, disagreement
im-impolite, impossible, impatient
in-ncorrect, inactive
ir-irregular, irrevocable
(2)Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president’s palace in a new African republic.1)had been instructed---过去完成时的被动语态。一般而言，过去完成时都会出现一个过去的动作，该动作发生在过去完成时之前。
He said he had visited there many times.2)well-known 有名的，近义词有famous, noted, notable, prestigious.well-known的构成是一个adj+v-ed, 即形容词+过去分词，又构成一个复合形容词，如： well-educatedadj.受过良好教育的well-behavedadj.很乖的；行为端正的；彬彬有礼的well-dressedadj.穿着漂亮的，考究的还有n+v-ed，即名词+过去分词，也可以构成一个符合形容词，如：
man-madeadj.人工制造的state-ownedadj.国有的heart-brokenadj.伤心的，心碎的3)write an article on--, on 表示关于，相当于about
(3)When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refused to publish it.1)Refusev.拒绝。refuse的近义词有reject, decline
refuse语气较重，指态度坚决，肯定无疑的拒绝
reject多指由于某物某事某行为不能让人满意而被当面直截了当地拒绝。
decline指婉言谢绝他人的帮助或邀请等
(4)The article began: “Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president’s palace.”
1)hundres of 数以百计的，可以衍生 thousands of, millions of，数以前计的，数以百万计的。
2)lead to 通向，导致
The road lowers.Smoking often3)surroundv.包围，围绕。N/adj.surrounding.周围，外围的环境/周围的，附近的The moon isby stars.The embassy was attacked and the buildings were damaged as well.(5)The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him to find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.1)a fax instructing him to---, instructing在这里做状语。
He sent me a short message 2)find out 找出，查明，必须费一番努力。
(6)The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.1)set out 动身，出发
We lived there for the night and set out to do sth 开始着手做某事
The government hasto make many needed reforms.set about doing sth 开始做某事
After the earthquake, the people 2)take表示花费时间时，有以下几种用法：
a.主语为人，如: Tom took about three hours to finishing a day’s work.b.主语为行为，如：Painting the room took me all week.c.主语为先行词，如：It took her three weeks to get the visa.(7)He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired.1)another 再，又 Do you wantice cream?
2)Informing that 在这里作状语
3)firev.开除，解雇。近义词有dismiss
(8)When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the articale as it had originally been written.1)fail两对词语辨析fail to do sth 和 fail in doing sth
fail to do sth没有做或没有做成某事。He promised to write me a letter, but heso. fail in doing sth 做某事失败了。Jim
2)reluctantlyadv.不情愿地，类似unwillingly
reluctantadj.She wasto admit she was wrong
3)as it had originally been writtenas引导的是一个方式状语从句, 表示按照原先写地样式。
He operated the machine Jim Smith treated his component
(9)Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.1)not only 位于句首，必须采用倒装形式。否定副词位于句首，要倒装。常用的否定副词：never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, nowhere, no soonerhave I read such stories.我从来没有读过这样的小说。can he find the book he wants.无论在哪儿他都找不到他想要的那本书。did I think it possible.我并不认为这是可能的。
2)含有only 的状语位于句首，句子要倒装.ea mistake.只有到那个时候，他才认识到自己犯了个错误。eal more informationhas been obtained will it be possible to plana trip.只有获得比较多的信息之后，才有可能计划去旅行。
3)还有not 的副词短语位于句首，要倒装。
not for a moment, not in the least , not for an instant, not untilis he interested in Englshliterature.他对英国文学一点都不感兴趣。4)含有no 的短语位于句首，句子要倒装。
at no time, in no way, in no sence, by no means, in no case, on no account, on no condition , under no circumstances.‘绝不’can we accpet the check.无论如何我们不能接受这笔钱。eave the baby in the house.你无论如何也不能把婴儿留在房间里。
5)so, such 位于句首，句子也要倒装。oes he work that he often forgets to eat and sleep.(10)However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that he had been arrested while counting the 1084 steps leading to the fifteen-footh wall which surrounded the president’s palace.1)allow sb to do sth/sb be allowed to do sth
2)in which 定语从句先行词前加介词
The girl ____ you talked at the meeting is a college students.A.to whom B.for which C.for whom D.on whom
The film ____ I fell asleep was very boring.A.in which B.for which C.on that D.during which
The places ____ you took me last time was very beautiful.A.that.B.to which C.which.D.to that
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person____ she could turn for help.A.that B.whom C.from whom D.to whom
The English play ____ many students acted at the New Year’s party was a
great success.A.for which B.at which C.in which D.on which
The naughty boy made a hole in the wall, ____ he could see what was
happening inside the house.A.in which B.through which C.on that D.by which
The prize ____ he worked so hard was a new bike.A.thatB.at which C.on which D.for which
This is the train ____ he went to Shanghai.A.by which B.by that C.whose D.where
There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, ____ five are mine.A.on which B.in which C.of which D.from which
He has got a gold pen ____ he spent 100 dollars.A.on which B.for which C.on that D.that
The school themselves admit that not all the children will be successful in
the jobs ____ they are being trained.A.in that B.for that C.in which D.for which
The magazine ____ Betty paid one dollar was very good.A.that B.which C.for which D.to which
3)informv.通知 inform sb of sth/inform that
Please dress.I'm happy to you have been promoted to captain.4)while 当---时候，一般从句动词和主句动词动作几乎同时发生，且while后一般跟进行时。Don’t look at the cellphone walking.
第三篇：新概念3讲义5
Lesson 5, the facts 确切数字
Editor 编辑 proofreader 校对人
Editor in chief 总编辑，senior editor 高级编辑
The secretary general of the UN 联合国秘书长
中共中央总书记 the general sectary of the central committee of the CPC
Collate（examine and compare(two books, manuscripts, etc)in order to find the differences between them）校对，核对(书，底稿)collate a new edition with an earlier one 将新版本与旧版本进行核对
Extreme 极端（feeling, condition, etc as far apart or as different from another as possible）极端不同的感情，状况等 the extreme of misery and bliss 悲惨与极乐天壤之别的境遇go to the opposite extreme 走向另外一个极端
(经常贬义 of people or opinions)far from moderate)（人和意见）偏激的，极端的 hold extreme views,the extreme left 极左
Radical(drastic)激烈的，激进的a radical politician, thinker, writer 思想激进的政治家，思想家，作家 be radical in demands 要求非常偏激
Radical = extremist 激进分子
Bigoted [bɪgətɪd] ~~stubborn偏执的，顽固的，心胸狭窄的 a bigoted person偏执的人 hold outrageously bigoted viewpoint持有异常偏执的观点
Statistics 统计数字
Census 人口普查，人口统计
data 数据(可数，不可数)>figure(s)数据（可数）
公安部2006年发表的数据显示超过800人贪污金额约700亿人民币逃离了国门，这些人中仍然有500多人逍遥法外。但是专家称实际数字要大得多（embezzle 贪污embezzle the disaster-relief fund贪污救灾款项 poverty-relief fund 扶贫款项）
Ministry of Public Security figures released in 2006 show more than 800 people accused of embezzling about 70 billion yuan($10.26 billion)had fled abroad, and 500 of them were still at large.But experts say the actual number is much higher.(release 发布，释放+ the prisoners, the news, the pressure;relieve 缓减，减轻 + the pain/pressure- the school burden relief effort减负工程)
Impatient 不耐烦的，没耐心的Fretful(irritable or complaining, esp because unhappy or worried)烦躁的，发牢骚的（尤指因为不愉快或烦恼）a fretful child 烦躁的孩子
Indignant（angry or scornful, esp at injustice or because of undeserved blame）愤慨的，愤怒的（对不公正的，或冤屈的）she was most indignant with me when I suggested she might try a little harder 我建议她不妨再努力些，她竟大为恼火He was terribly indignant at what he saw as false accusations。他认为那些指责皆不属实，非常气愤
A large number of First Class passengers have gathered near the staircase.They are getting indignant about the confusion
很多头等舱的乘客聚集在楼梯边，他们对这慌乱的场面愤愤不平
Original 1，（existing from the beginning, first or earliest）原始的，最初的；最早的 the original inhabitants of
this land 这块土地上最早的居民 the original plan 原来的那个计划 2，（褒义 newly created or formed, fresh）新创的，新颖的，an original idea 创见 highly original designs 独树一帜的设计
Aboriginal 土著的(尤指殖民者到来之前的)aboriginal inhabitants // plants土著居民，土生植物
Novel（褒义）(new and strange, of a kind not known before)新奇的，新颖的，a novel idea, fashion, design新的观念，风尚，设计
Follow suit 照样学follow the trend 跟风（跟随潮流）follow the herd 跟风（坏的，盲目的）Don’t follow the herd , but follow your heart 不要盲目跟随，要问问你的心。
The text
Action speaks louder than words空说不如行动
Facts speak louder than words 事实胜于雄辩
Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics 报刊杂志的编辑常常为了向读者提供一些无关紧要的事实和统计数字而走极端
1，unimportant facts= //irrelevant//insignificant facts无关紧要的信息
2，一些小报为了吸引读者经常会走极端。他们会使用骇人听闻的标题或者编造荒唐的消息
Some tabloids often go to extremes to attract readers by using sensational headings or fabricating ridiculous news
Last year, a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article 去年一位记者受到一家有名杂志的委托写一篇文章
be instructed to do 受到指示做某事
commission sb to do sth 委托做某事（要付钱的）commission an agency to sell the house 委托中介卖掉房子 commission a statue of his wife 请人雕了妻子的像
Entrust A to B/ B with A(trust sb to take charge of sth/sb)委托某人负责某事物，照看某人 entrust an assistant with a task// a secret plan 将一项工作/秘密计划交给助手entrust the children to my care 托我照看孩子 be entrusted with the responsibility of doing sth 负有/委托有某种责任的人
Begin with 以---开头
我们一开始定15年，合作期满了之后，我们再延长
We may begin with 15 years and after the contract expires, we may extend it/renew it.我要向大家讲话，请允许我首先向诸位表达节日的问候和衷心的感谢
Begin my speech with festive greetings and heart-felt thanks.The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him to find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.编辑立刻给那位记者发区传真，要去他核实一下台阶的确切数字和围墙的高度
1, send sb a fax instructing him to do sth 发给某人一个传真要他做某事
他又再次发了一份传真通知那位记者He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that---
收到一封信，上面写着 receive a letter saying----
2, the height of the wall 墙的高度 have the proper height and ability for basketball 有打篮球的身高和本事
1）depth
发现广袤海洋深处不为人知的神奇
Discover the hidden wonders in the depth（s）of the vast ocean
也许只有悲剧方能触动人类心灵深处的那根弦
Maybe only tragedies can touch the heart-strings of us humans in depth
大海深度从700米到10000米不等
The deep sea varies in depth from 700 m to more than 10000 m.2）measure 的妙用
石狮子重5吨，高三米
The stone lion measures 5 tons in weight and 3 meters in height.东方明珠塔最大的球体直径达30米
The biggest sphere of the Oriental Pearl Tower measures 30 meters in diameter.美国大陆从大西洋沿岸到太平洋海岸的距离为4500公里，从加拿大到墨西哥的距离为2575公里。
The continental United States measures/extends/stretches 4500 kilometers from its Atlantic to Pacific coasts, 2575 kilometers from Canada to Mexico
Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press.在此期间，编辑等得不耐烦了，因为杂志马上了
1，meanwhile = in the meantime 在此期间，用进行时态表明逐渐的过程
国会里，要求总统签署京都议定书的压力正在逐渐增加，因为全球目光都集中在美国这个二氧化碳排放最大的国家身上
In the congress, pressure was building for the president to sign the Kyoto Protocol, for the whole world was
looking at America, the biggest carbon-dioxide producer.（导致二氧化碳排放量的增加human activities have resulted in rising levels of carbon dioxide emission）
2, go to press 付印，交付印刷
Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.这个可怜人不仅被逮捕了，而且还坐牢了。
1，Not only 引导的倒装
我不仅错失了爱情，也毁了事业。（gold-digger掘金者）
Not only did I let slip my love, but also I ruined my career.(let sth slip让什么滑走，溜走 let slip an opportunity 让机会溜走 seize the opportunity
Feel the wind slipping between the fingers感觉风从指缝间穿过)
不仅这些贪污腐败官员依然逍遥法外，而且已经开始在异国他乡享受不义之财，过着滋润的生活了。(Bribe-taking officials 收受贿赂的官员)
Not only are those corrupt officials still at large，but also they are already beginning to live richly off their ill-gotten gains in a foreign land(live richly off the inherited fortune依靠继承的财产过着滋润的生活)2，be sent to prison 被关进监狱be jailed 被关进牢房
sentence sb to---years in prison 判某人多少年牢狱之刑
find sb guilty 判某人有罪 be convicted on three counts 被判三项罪
hold sb accountable = bring sb to justice 将某人绳之以法
那些致污者和致黄者要负有法律责任，并且对自己的行为感到羞愧
Those polluters and pornographers should be held accountable for and be made to feel ashamed of what they do justice has prevailed 正义得到伸张 Justice has long arms 天网恢恢，疏而不漏。
be arrested while counting the 1084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president’s palace.在数通向15英尺高的总统府围墙的1084级台阶时，被抓了起来
1，do A while doing B 在做某事（B）的时候做了某事（A）
Find an ancient temple while exploring in the dark jungles 在密林中探索的时候发现了一个古庙
2，the 1084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall 通向15英尺高的围墙的1084级台阶
The road（leading）to development发展之路 a secret path（leading）to the top of the mountain 通向山顶的一条秘密小径
Keep sb to the narrow and straight path 让某人循规蹈矩
Get sb back onto the right track 让某人浪子回头
我们现在正迈步在一条康庄大道上，这条道路不同于你们走过的，但是目标却一样
We are now marching forward on a road to great prosperity, a road totally different from yours but leading to the same goal.A well-to-do society小康社会a society of moderate wealth
A society of great prosperity大康社会 a society of great affluence
第四篇：新概念一L75单词讲义
Lesson 75 Uncomfortable shoes 不舒适的鞋子
★agoadv.以前
ago用于一般过去时；从现在的以前I went to London three days ago.She left 30 minutes ago.Long long ago, there lived a king.before只能用于过去完成式；是从过去的某一点算起
Before I arrived at the station yesterday, the train had already left.★buyv.买buy——buys——bought
I buy a new book every week.My sister buys a new dress every week.I bought a coat in Paris last month.sell 卖v.sell sb.出卖、背叛I will not/never sell you.sale n.on sale 打折卖This house is on sale.I'm sure that this house is on sale.for sale 在售This house is for sale.I believe that this house is for sale.buy 买/sale 卖/retail 零售/purchase 大宗购物/market 市场/treatIt's my treat.我来买单
marketing manager 市场经理、销售经理
get得到（口语）
★fashionn.（服装的）流行式样be in fashion是流行的They are not in fashion this year.be out of fashion不流行
fashionable时尚
smart巧妙，时髦
★uncomfortable① adj.不舒服的She feels uncomfortable in tight boots.② adj.不安的；不自在的You’ll have an uncomfortable feeling if you sit there alone.He often feels uncomfortable with strangers.③ adj.令人不舒服的，不舒适的This pair of shoes look very uncomfortable.comfortn.安慰，舒适
comfortableadj.舒服的、舒适的★wearv.穿着wear/wears/wore/wearing
① v.穿着；戴着；佩带着Look at the beautiful silk scarf she’s wearing!
She never wears perfume.她从不用香水。
② v.面带；呈现；保持He’s wearing a cheerful smile.He wears his dignity even in great adversity.他即使身处逆境也仍保持着自己的尊严。
wear 表穿着的状态That girl wears a pink shirt every day.put on 表穿上的动作Please put on your coat.be dressed in穿着……衣服，侧重打扮的意味
dress sb.给某人打扮，穿衣服My mother must dress my brother every day.The lady was dressed in a funny coat and a large hat at the party last night.in+ 颜色穿……颜色的衣服a girl in white
have…on 表状态The emperor has nothing on.语法 宾语从句
一般是名词或代词做宾语
I want an apple.I like you.in front of the window
宾语一般是跟在动词或介词后some of them
主从复合句：主语从句，表语从句，定语从句，状语从句，宾语从句
在主从复合句中，由一个句子来充当宾语，就是宾语从句。
宾语从句跟在两类词后：1 表示人的情感或心理活动的形容词afraid/ sure/ sorry/ glad
主语+be动词+这类词I am afraid.They are sure.She is sorry.We are glad.主句和宾语从句中有that连接，后边加句子
当主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态。
I am afraid that I can't come tomorrow.I am sorry that I didn't go yesterday.They are sure that they will win.I am glad that you can help them.普通动词think/ know/ believe/ say/ hope/ understand
主语（人）+这类动词+that+从句I think that you are right.She knows that you will come.I believe I can fly.Repeat the text
What's the matter with Mr.Croft?
He has a terrible toothache.Is it urgent?
Yes.Where is he now?
He is at the dentist's.What is he doing now?
He is talking to the nurse.What does he want to do?
He wants to see the dentist.Can the dentist see him now?
No.Why?
Because the dentist is very busy.Does Mr.Croft have an appointment?
No, he doesn't.What time does the nurse ask Mr.Croft to come?
This afternoon.What time?
Two o'clock.Can Mr.Croft wait till this afternoon?
What did he say?
He can wait, but his toothache can't.Lesson 77 Terrible toothache 要命的牙痛
[词汇]
★appointmentn.约会，预约have an appointment(with sb.)（与某人）有约会
Once you’ve make an appointment, you should try to keep it.make an appointment
change an appointmentWhen will it be convenient for you?
appointv.分配；认命
appointed被任命的appointer委派者，任命者
appointee被任命者
appointment约会，任命，普通约会have a appointment with sb.和某人有个预约 date男女情人之间的约会
★urgent① adj.紧迫的；急迫的The children in that area are in urgent need of medical attention.那个地区的孩子们急需得到医疗方面的关注。
② adj.催促的；坚持要求的The cries and shouts became louder and more urgent.hospital
I go to see the doctor every week.My father goes to see the doctor every week.I have an appointment with the doctor every week.My father has an appointment with the doctor every week.I don't have an appointment with the doctor every week.My father doesn't have an appointment with the doctor every week.Do you have an appointment with the doctor every week?
Does your father have an appointment with the doctor every week?
Mr.Croft
Mr.Croft has a terrible toothache.want to do sth.He want to see the dentist, but he doesn't have an appointment.at the hairdresser [疑为笔误，应为hairdresser's]
at the dentist [疑为笔误，应为dentist's]
He is at the dentist.[疑为笔误，应为dentist's]
He is talking to the nurse.Do you have an appointment?
No, I don't.Can you come here this afternoon.The dentist is very busy at the moment.I'm afraid that he can't see you now.I can wait, but my toothache can't.He said that he can wait, but his toothache can't!
Can't you wait?
I know./I don't know./Don't you know?
I didn't go yesterday.Didn't you go yesterday?
I'm not a student.Aren't you a student?
I can swim./I can't swim./Can't you swim?
I don't speak English.Don't you speak English?
He didn't telephone you yesterday.Didn't you telephone you yesterday?
Can't you wait?
date/have a date/date sb.What's the matter with Mr.Croft?
He has a terrible toothache.Is it urgent?
Yes.Where is he now?
He is at the dentist's.What is he doing now?
He is talking to the nurse.What does he want to do?
He wants to see the dentist.Can the dentist see him now?
No.Why?
Because the dentist is very busy.Does Mr.Croft have an appointment?
No, he doesn't.What time does the nurse ask Mr.Croft to come?
This afternoon.What time?
Two o'clock.Can Mr.Croft wait till this afternoon?
What did he say?
He can wait, but his toothache can't.What's the matter with Mr.Croft?
Mr.Croft has a terrible toothache.It is very urgent.He is at the dentist.[疑为笔误，应为dentist's]
He wants to see the dentist.But he doesn't have an appointment.ask sb.to do sth.April 24th
on Monday
ten o'clock 10 a.m.April 24th, on Monday, at ten o'clock./10 a.m.The nurse asks Mr.Croft to come at April 24th, on Monday, at ten 10 a.m.But he thinks that is too late.p.m.The nurse asks him to come at 2 p.m.this afternoon.Mr.Croft thinks that he can wait, but his toothache can't!
复习知识点
at用于小地方或点钟的前边
on用于星期的前边或一个月中的具体的某一天
in在月份，季节，前，国家或大的地方前
Exercise P160
She buys a new car every year.She bought a new car every year.airs-> aired
lose-> lost
listens-> listened
empties-> emptied
It's eight o'clock.When did you see him?(half an hour ago)I saw him at half past seven.It's Friday.When did she go to London?(the day before yesterday)She went to London on Wednesday.It's June.When did Mr.Jones buy that car?(last month)He bought that car in March.It's 1997.When did you paint this room?(last year)
I painted this room in 1996.It's 5th January.When did she meet him?(two months ago)She met him on the 5th November.It's a quarter past eleven.When did they arrive?(half an hour ago)They arrived at a quarter to eleven.It's Sunday.When did he lose his pen?(yesterday)
He lost his pen in Saturday.P 204
Exercise A
He is drinking his milk.He says that he is drinking his milk.She has found her pen.She said that she has found her pen.They must remain here.They say that they must remain here.He remembers you.He said that he remembers you.She doesn't speak English.She says that she doesn't speak English.They're washing the dishes.They say that they are washing the dishes.Exercise B
What's the matter with him?
He says that he feels tired.What do they want?
They say that they want some money.What's the matter with him?
He says that he feels ill.What's the matter with her?
She says that she has a headache.What do you want? What does she want? What does he want? He says that he wants a haircut.What's the matter with them?
They say that they are very thirsty.What do you need? What does she need?
She says that she needs a licence.What's the matter with her?
She says that she is very cold.What's matter with him?
He says that he has an earache.预习P207-208的练习
Exercises
She goes to town every day.She went to town yesterday.She meets her friends every day.She met her friends yesterday.They drink some milk every.They drank some milk yesterday.He swims in the river every day.He swam in the river yesterday.She takes him to school every day.She took him to school yesterday.He cuts himself every morning.He cut himself yesterday morning.
第五篇：新概念一L87-90单词讲义
Lesson 87A car crash
★attendantn.接待员
attend 参加attend school 上学= go to school
attend a meeting 出席会议attend a wedding 参加婚礼
attend a lecture 参加演讲attend a funeral参加葬礼
attend a ceremony参加仪式attend church去教堂
join参加某个组织，成为其成员
join in与某人一道参加某种活动；使……成为成员，参加，加入；
Would you like to join in us?一块做某事
take part in与某人一道参加某种活动，强调在其中起了作用；参加，强调参加人的作用，★bring(brought/brought)v.带来，送来
bring 带来；take 带走；fetch 去拿来；get 拿，常用于口语中
let sb.do sthLet's go into the garage.Let's go home.Let me help you.★crashn.碰撞have a crash碰车They have a crash every week.have 可以和具有动词和名词词性的动词搭配成词组
have a crash/have a swim/have a walk/have a try/have a look
Let me have a look.Let me have a try.Let's have a walk after supper.I have a swim in the river after supple every day.★repair① v.修理；修复；修补I’ll have to get the bicycle repaired.She looked into the mirror and began to repair her face.重敷脂粉。
② v.弥补；修复；赔偿How can I repair the mistake I have made?恢复信心
It will take a while to repair the confidence of the general public.repair 用一定的技能修理什么东西
fix 同上，一般美语中用的较多
mend 修理打破或打碎的东西，一般指结构较为简单的，不需要特殊技能
do up 修理小东西，renovate翻新，结构比较简单
patch 打补丁，衣服或车胎坏了，修补一下
★try① v.试图；设法，努力He is trying to move the book shelf.他正试图搬动那个书架。
They tried hard to repair the damaged car.竭尽全力修理的汽车。
② v.尝试，试用；试验I’ll try that Italian restaurant next time.到那家意大利餐馆去尝尝
have a try尝试It's a good try.很好的尝试
try one's best/do one's best尽某人最大的努力
try to do sth.试着去做某事
manage to do sth.设法做成了某事I managed to repair my car yesterday.try one's luck试试某人的运气try one’s hard at尝试着做某事
[课文注释]
2、…they’re still working on it.work on表示“从事”、“干（某事）”
３、在英文中可用一般疑问句的否定形式来表示期待、请求或希望得到肯定的答复。
Isn’t that your car?Didn’t you have a crash?
４、drive into撞倒……
【 listen to the tape】
Who drove his car into a lamp-post?Mr.Wood.What's his car number?It's LFZ 312G.Where is Mr.Wood now?Garage.What does he want to do?He wants his car.Who is he talking to?Attendant.Is his car ready?
When did he bring his car here?Three days ago.Are the mechanics still working on it?Yes.Can the mechanics repair Mr.Wood’s car?Maybe.What are they doing?They are trying to repair.what does Mr.Wood need?He needs a new car.Mr.Wood is talking to the attendant.He is in the garage.He wants his car.He brought his car here three days ago.He had a car crash last week.He drove his car into a lamp-post.But his car is not ready yet.The mechanics haven't finished yet.They are still working on it.They're trying to repair it.But to tell the truth, Mr.Wood needs a new car.补充材料
Kill the time 消磨时间
Cheat the journey 闲极无聊的聊天
Serve one right 某人应得的报应
A plain Jane 普通人
Make a noise in the world 喧闹一时
Take it easy 别着急
Go Dutch 各人付自己的帐，AA制
In Rome do as the Romans do.入乡随俗
Rome was not built in a day.冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。
Don't count your chickens before they're hatched.不要过早的乐观。
Lesson 88Have you…yet?
buy—bought—boughtlose—lost—lostfind—found—found
make—made—mademeet—met—metget—got—get
send—sent—senthave—had—hadsweep—swept—swept
hear—heard—heardtell—told—toldleave—left—left
Lesson 89For sale
★believev.相信，认为I don’t believe you.不相信某人说的话。
believe +(that)从句（宾语从句）
believe in sb.信任某人We believe in each other.互相信任。
trust 信任（侧重于信任某人的能力）Don’t trust the person who dare not look into your eyes.belief n.（某人的）信仰，信条We need to have strong belief in ourselves.believableadj.可信的unbelievableadj.不可信的★sellv.卖，出售for sale待售
on sale打折
salesman推销员
sales manager销售经理
★retire① v.退休；离职He’s going to retire soon from the sea.不久他将退休，结束其航海生涯。
② v.退出；退隐He often retires to his country house at weekends.他到他那个乡间别墅生活。
The ladies retired, and the gentlemen went on drinking and chatting.女士们离席退出，先生们则继续喝酒聊天。
★costv.花费（物体做主语）The coat costs $30.How much does this house cost?
★worth① prep.相当于……价值，值……钱（物体的真正实际价值）
How much is the necklace worth?every penny of it一分钱一分货
This coat is worth every penny of it.② prep.具有……价值；值得be worth doing值得……
The book is worth reading.prove one’s worth证明某人的价值
cost是指得到一件东西所花费的钱，其真正的价值可能低于或高于所要的价，这种价格主要是指商店内的标价或货主索要的价格。
worth主要是指某物的本身价值。
[Listen to the tape]
Who wants to buy a house?
Who wants to sell a house?Mr.A and Mr.B
Mr.A wants to buy a house.He is sure that this house is for sale.And how long has Mr.B lived here?20 years.Since when(which year)has Mr.B been here?Since 1976.Why does Mr.B want to sell this house?He has just retired.What does he want to do?He wants to buy a small house in the country.Does Mr.A like Mr.B's house?
Can he decide now?No.Why can't he decide yet?Because his wife must see it first.How much does this house cost?￡68,500(Six-eight thousand five hundred pounds.)Does Mr.B want to sell his house?Women always have the last word.总是最后妇女说了算。
[语法]
for与since
在现在完成时中，since + 时间点：表示某个动作是何时开始的I have lived here since 1976.Since when has he been there?
for + 时间段：表示某个动作持续多长时间I have already lived here for 20 years.[课文注释]
1、I can’t decide yet.decisionn.决定
decide to do sth.make up one’s mind下定决心determine to do sth.be determined to do sth.(determinedadj.坚决的，决定了的)
I am determined to give up this work.Lesson 90Have you…yet?
cut—cut—cut come—came—come
put—put—put give—gave—given
read—read—read swim—swam—swam
set—set—set take—took—taken
eat—ate—eaten do—did—donerise—rose—risen see—saw—seenspeak—spoke—spoken shut—shut—shutgo—went—gone
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