雅思写作经典话题4

第一篇：雅思写作经典话题4

6.Should governments spend money on art, when they have so many other important issues and concerns? You should write at least 250 words.You should use your own ideas of knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.Many people‟s lives are richer because of art—music, paintings, calligraphy, pictures, sculpture, poems and dance.However, some people feel that governments should be spending money on housing, medical care, or defense, instead of on art.This essay will discuss whether governments should or not spend money on the arts.There are several reasons why governments should not finance artists.First of all, artists should have to follow the same rules as the rest of the market.If there is a demand for their music or sculpture, then they will be rich.Secondly, politicians generally do not have good taste.They will waste public money on popular art or on their own preferences.But the main reason why governments should minimize spending on the art world is that there are more important areas like housing, roads, hospitals, and factories which need the money first.However, it would be wrong to say that governments should not spend any money at all on art.Everybody needs some beauty in their life, but not everyone can afford a Picasso or a piece of music.Governments should provide money for museums or concerts halls for everyone.Another point is that art allows people to express

themselves and this is good for society, culture and thought.Thirdly, artists can be good for the economy by producing music, film, and attracting tourists.All in all, governments should prioritize their spending carefully, but they should also allocate some of their budget for art.It is part of their duty to society and to future generations.14．In order to learn a language well, we should also learn about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak it.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

我完全赞成这个断言，即：要学好一门语言，我们还应该了解这门语言的国家、文化和人民的生活方式。

I fully support the assertion that to learn a language well, we should also learn about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak it.先来看看我们一般情况下是如何定义“真正学好一门语言”的。按照我的理解，学好一门语言意味着能够妥当地使用它。这里，对于妥当使用它而言，我们需要知道：由于文化上的差异，很多东西会因此而非常不同。比如，中国人常通过问“吃了吗？”来表达问候，而这对于西方人来讲便构成了午饭或晚饭的邀请。因此，缺乏了对不同国家文化方面的知识，就会引起对所发送或接收到的信息的错误理解，结果便会导致误解。这样一来，我们就不能说我们讲得妥当，再进一步，我们就不能说我们讲得好。

Let‟s first see how we normally define “learning a language really well”.By my understanding, learning a language well would mean being able to speak the language in a proper way.Here, with speaking it properly, we need to know that due to cultural differences, many things are just so different from culture to culture.For example, the Chinese often greet each other by asking „Have you taken your meal?‟ which, to the Western ears, would make an invitation to lunch or dinner.Therefore, the lack of a knowledge of the cultures of different countries will give rise to wrong interpretations of the message issued or received and as a result, lead to misunderstandings.In this way, we can not say that we are speaking the language properly and further, we can not say that we speak it well.第二，我们学习一门语言的最终目的是用它与讲这门语言的人进行交流，主要就是母语为这门语言的人。设想我们对美国或英国什么也不了解，包括其政府、人民、传统以及其它方面，你想你能妥当地讲英语，从而与美国人或英国人达到有效的交流吗？我要说：至少我是做不到的。

Second, the ultimate purpose for us to learn a language is to use it in our

communication with other people who speak it, mainly the native speakers.Suppose we know nothing about the US or Britain, including its government, its people, its tradition, and its other aspects.Do you think you can speak English properly, thus achieving effective communication with the American or British people? I‟ll say at least I can‟t.第三，我们还需要知道我们所学语言国家的人民的生活方式才能妥当地讲他们的语言。举个例子吧：中国人吃猪肉，但穆斯林不吃。还有，穆斯林宗教气氛浓郁，每天多次举行仪式。如果我们不知道这些事情的话又怎能指望与他们交流而不招致麻烦呢？按照这一逻辑，如果我们不能保证妥当地讲好他们的语言，我们又怎么说他们的语言我们学得很好呢？

Third, the lifestyle of the people whose language we are learning is also

something we need to know in order that we can speak their language properly.For instance, the Chinese eat pork, but this is not the case with Muslims.Also, Muslims are very religious people and perform rituals many times a day.If we don‟t know

these things, how can we expect to communicate with them without incurring troubles? In this logic, if we cannot make sure that we are speaking their language properly, how can we say that we have learned their language well?

由此，我们可以得出结论了：学好一门语言，我们还必须了解这个国家以及这个国家的文化和其人民的生活方式。

From the above discussion, we can draw the conclusion that to learn a language really well, we also need to learn about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak it.6.As for elderly, living in caring house is better than living at home with young children.Present your argument to illustrate whether you agree or disagree.[范文]

让老人住养老院还是家里?

Nowadays more and more elderly choose living in caring house.Some people are of the opinion that caring houses provide old people with a better environment than homes.Personally I agree with this opinion for the following reasons.In the first instance, caring house provides the elderly with comparatively

first-rate facilities and services, which the family is lacking in.Nowadays working couple need to face intense competition, they need to make more money to support their family.As a result, working couple have less time to care for old people especially when the elderly suffer from serious disease.On the contrary, when old people live in caring houses, nurses can attend their need and advanced facilities also provide a good treatment.Secondly, in caring houses the older people can meet people of similar age group, taste and hobby who know more about the elderly.The young generation often has a different life style from old generation.Young people may feel others' presence unpleasant.Besides, the older people need more serenity and rest while the young need more activities when the elderly choose living in caring house they need not worry about this problem.Last but not least, elder people living in caring house can maintain harmony of family atmosphere.It is quite obvious that there is a generation gap between the older people and adult children.For example, old people fear change.They adhere to the traditional principle and customs while young people welcome new idea.They are always trying new things.It is inevitable that older people and adult children might have different opinions on something.These differences might result in the disagreement even discord.From what has been discussed above, we may draw the conclusion that elderly people living in caring house is a good practice not only for adult children but also for older people.However, it does not mean children will give up the responsibility to care older people.老年人问题

1.take care by children 和in nursing homes 各有优缺点

2.在家的话，老人可以享受与家人交流的机会，这样他们不会孤独，而且还可以照顾小孩，而且他们的经验对人们的事业和家庭生活都有帮助。但是由于老人经常会出现健康问题，因此需要花很多时间照料，影响人们的工作。

3.在nursing home的话，可以有更多机会与their peers相处，common language and interest,而且现在的条件越来越好，得到专业的照顾及医疗服务，还有

proper diet 对他们的健康有利。而且让小孩有充分的时间工作，追求自己的事业。但是缺少与家人的交流，会使他们感到lonely，出现一些psychological problem而且如果将所有老人都放到rest home,将给政府增加财政负担。

4.As neither the two solutions is effective enough to solve the problem of …, I favor the combination of the two.2.People have different expectation for jobs.Some people prefer to do the same job for the same company, and some people rather than change the job frequently.Do the advantages outweighthe disadvantage?

范文1

Some people prefer to stay in the same job for the same company,but others prefer to change jobs frequently.You should use specific reasons to compare the advantages and disadvantages of both sides.People rarely have an absolute consensus on the controversial issue whether a man should intend to go in for a life-time career.These days, very few people preferalways taking a position.in some senses, a life-time career has its merits.First, if you stick to taking a post, all angles of the job will have appeared;after some time, you will definitely have a good command of it.Consequently you may become a veteran of the field and earn respect or prestige from others.Second, you can establish an extensive social connections related to the field, helping you tear down most of the barriers standing in the way of your working endeavor.Finally, mistakes of the routine tasks would be minimized because you have learned the lessons.However, as the modern society develops, experiencing different jobs has its advantages.Initially, we look at the issue of bribery.Many high-level staff are inclined to accept bribes via power in hand.However, if he knows that someone else will soon take his place, such acts can be avoided.We then look at work motivation.If one works for the same company for a long time without promotion, he may get sick and tired of doing the same daily routine.Nonetheless, a manager should have qualities of a sense of teamwork and the capability of coordination.Therefore, to try various positions can help you gain ground to be promoted.Conclusion(67 words)

In summary, staying in the same post can cultivate one to cut out for the job but involve one in a boring career while changing jobs frequently can be both advantageous by keeping bribery away and providing one with more opportunities of promotion and disadvantageous by making mistakes occasionally.In my opinion, people should seek a decent and good-paid job and pay little attention to changing it.范文2

Nowadays, whether or not staying in one position for a long time is a problem that worry about a lot of people.To understand the solution, let‟s take a closer look at the two sides of it first.The merit of going in for a life-time career is obvious.Firstly, long time working in the same position can help one become an expert in this area, for it is natural to get familiar with your work from every angle and accumulate abundant experience.In addition, mistakes of the routine tasks would be minimized because you have learned the lessons.However, the defect is also caused by the long time unchanging job.As everyone‟s patience is different, some may feel that the longer they do the same job, the less interest and power they may have.In comparison, if one person changes job frequently, he or she will never be annoyed about this problem, which is the best advantage of doing like this.Once the worker feels bored with job, change it directly.But this would make one person not good at any subjects that he or she does.What is worst, while the competition of job is getting sharper and sharper, who can be sure of finding a job whenever he or she wants? Therefore, since each of the two ways shows a unique quality, the better way, in my opinion, is to try some jobs at first in order to make an aim.Once seeking the job you like, don‟t avert it easily and devote yourself to it

范文3

In the last few years, with the development of society, working in a place all along has already become history.People can choose their job freely, so, people have different expectation for jobs.Some people prefer to do the same job for the same company, and some people rather than change the job frequently.This dispute has brought our attention.First of all, the free choice of the job is the inevitable outcome of the social development.People can give play to their different ability in different work positions.To a person gifted in many ways, it is very challenging to often change the job.For example, a person has very outstanding ability, in the specific field.He can change his job after working some time in one place, in order to seek kind development.Moreover, a person has very good ability in many aspects, then, He can often change and work, in order to seek the feeling of freshness or raise the quality of life.However, to some people or some specific posts, it is impossible to often change the job.For instance, an accountant, he only grasps the knowledge and experience of accounting, he can work perfectly within the specific limits, and then changing job is unnecessary to him.Furthermore, in order to make the scientific payoffs, some scientists dedicate themselves to the scientific undertaking.So, I think whether people should change the job frequently, should depend on their personal situation or their working positions.As a saying goes, it is one-sided to treat the question in isolation.7.Nowadays there are various methods to relieve the pressure in modern life.Some read or exercise, others work in their gardens.What do you think are the best ways of reducing stress?

During the past decades great difference to salary and other material things led to the same weight of pressure to modern people.It's too hard to bear it that many people even chose killing themselves.In this article I am going to introduce some effective relaxing ways to readers.In the first place the reading is chosen to free our minds.A good book will do a pretty well job to some people especially the clerisy.People suffered from the pressure caused by boss, taxes and such bores may feel themselves released when they are reading books.There are also other kinds of methods that can do this work, such as exercise, gardening and tour.As it comes to me, wild adventure is also a good function to release myself.Sometimes I will go to some famous mountains and interesting places.As you can see, it is not difficult to find such places in China.In the last National Day vocation I went to the Thaibaishan Mountain, a well-known mountain which is located miles of Xi'an city in Western Shanxi Province.It is famous not only for its height(about 4,000metres)but also because of great scenes that can be seen from the top of the mountain and the history that it was once a volcano thousands of years ago.I think I was entirely struck by magnificent scene near the great lake on the top(in fact it is a crater).Even now I could remember the moment the sun jumped out from the horizon!Feeling like standing on the top of the world I felt so comfortable that as if I have got rid of all the pressure of my courses.In a word, I prefer choosing the reading and wild adventure as my favorite ways to reduce stress on me.I do recommend these two ways to other guys who are sad and has lost his confidence on his work because I think both of them did play effectively.

第二篇：雅思写作话题

1.教育话题：

①老师的不可替代性：1）自习还是从师；2）网络教育和课堂教育的优势各在哪里；3）在信息时代老师是否还有价值；4）教育孩子老师和家长谁重要；

② 选课的意义：1）体育，音乐，经济学，哲学，数学，英语，历史，地理，物理，历史这些课程中最值得学习和最不值得学习的课程是什么？ 2）学习历史无意义还是帮助我们认识现在；3）学生们是应该学习自己感兴趣的课程还是学习政府规定的课程；4）体育课和音乐课程有没有学习的价值；5）大学是应该教授实用性的课程还是理论性的课程；6）中学生要不要学习国际新闻这门课程；7)小孩子小学还是学习外语的利弊；

③ 教育的方式和目的：1）自己学习好还是小组学习好； 2）道德教育好还是学术教育好；3）专才教育好还是通才教育好；4）男女分校的利弊；5）分班教育的利弊；6）学生评价老师的利弊；7）高中生经历间隔年的利弊；8）中学生要不要穿校服：9）中学生应不应该进行义务的社区服务；10）失业率升高，年轻人上大学还有没有意义；11）穷人家的孩子和富人家的孩子谁能更好的面对成人生活的艰辛；12）大学应不应针对用人单位的需要来培养学生；13）大学教育的目的是帮助学生找到好的工作还是对个人和社会有更广泛的影响；14）在家住好还是在学校住好；

2.社会话题：

① 犯罪话题: 1）延长刑期是不是降低犯罪率的最有效的办法；2）青少年犯罪的原因以及解决途径；3）已婚的女性就业，无暇照顾孩子是否导致青少年犯罪的升高；4）应该把罪犯送进监狱还是给他们提高教育和工作培训；5）要不要对传媒中的犯罪细节加以限制；② 家庭话题：1）家庭关系不紧密的原因和解决途径；2）代沟的原因以及解决途径；

③ 择业话题：1）大学生择业难的原因和解决途径；2）单一职业选择还是多元职业选择；3）年轻人跳槽的原因以及利弊；4）远程办公以及网络教育的利弊；

④ 环境保护：1）个人在环境保护中是否可以发挥作用； 2）增加油价是否是解决环境问题的办法；

3.科技传媒类话题：

①广告话题：1）广告的利弊；2）儿童广告的弊端和解决办法；3）广告如何影响了消费者以及如何保护消费者；4）商品销量的提高是广告的作用而非社会的需求是否同意；

②电视：1）应不应该鼓励孩子在家里和学校看电视；2）孩子们看电视玩网络游戏的利弊；

③计算机：1）现代游戏和传统游戏哪种对孩子更加有利；2）计算机能否取代图书馆的作用；3）科技的应用是否已经使大班教学的形式失去意义；

④手机：1）使用手机带来的问题；2）手机和网络能否取代传统的书信；

4.国家政策话题：

1）国家发展旅游业的利弊；2）政府应不应给教育和医疗买单；3）政府应不应该进行艺术领域的投资；4）富国应不应该帮助穷国；

5）环境保护要不要加强国际合作；6）政府该不该发展太空试验；6）是否只有政府才能解决住房短缺的问题；7）

5.交通能源话题：

汽车的利弊和如何解决汽车的弊端；要不要限制以旅行为目的飞行；增加油料价格是不是解决环境问题的唯一方法；4）严惩违章驾驶是不是改善交通安全的唯一方法；5）飞机被越来越多地用于出口水果和蔬菜到非产地，讨论利弊；

6.食品话题：

1）快餐能否取代传统食物；2）进口食品对人们生活造成的影响；

7.动物话题：

1）人们应不应该任意的使用小动物；2）小动物试验的利弊；

8.老人话题：

1）人口老龄化对社会影响的利弊；2）人们不尊重老人的原因以及影响；3）老人的传统观念对于年轻人是否还有指导意义；4）如何教会老人学会使用手机和电脑；5）55岁强制退休对不对；

9.文化抽象类话题：

1）金钱是不是幸福的唯一标准；2）学习一个国家语言的时候是不是要学习该国的文化和生活方式；3）要不要创造全球性的新语言；

4）英语全球化的利弊；5）古老建筑应不应该保护；6）所有的建筑是否应该按照传统的方式建造以保护文化特色；7）博物馆应该是娱乐的地方还是受教育的地方；8）国际传媒对于地方文化影响的利弊；

10.健康话题：

1）关注个人健康是为了个人好还是一种社会责任：2）健康的生活方式是应该由政府负责还是个人负责；3）年轻人面对哪些压力如何解决；

较难的补充话题：

1）竞争与合作哪个更加重要；2）现代社会，人们是更加独立了还是更加依赖他人了；3）个人和国家是否都应该着眼于未来；4）愈来愈多人选择住在大城市带来的问题； 5）是否同意女性统治世界，世界会和平；6）企业重视学历而非经验和能力的原因和影响；7）我们生活在一个用完就扔掉的社会，讨论原因以及影响。

第三篇：雅思写作改善环境话题

环境问题成为全球关注的焦点，上海环球雅思就改善环境为考生提供一篇雅思写作范文改善环境的话题——Individuals can do nothing to improve the environment;only governments and large companies can make a difference.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

范文：

Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about environmental protection and regard it as one of the most important challenges.However, whether only governments and big firms have resources and powers to preserve our environment is a controversial issue.My view is that every single citizen could also make a huge difference.In the first place, it is clear that it is human activities that have the greatest impact throughout the history.Both environment contamination and conservation are the long-term process, and no single government or big company can meet this challenge alone.So whoever created the problem should be responsible for solving it;environment protection needs every one of us to continuously participate in.Moreover, the public’s wills and behaviors have critical influence on government’s policies and companies’ strategies.For example, if everyone says “no” to plastic shopping bags and paper cups, the companies that manufacture such products will switch to environmental-friendly substitutes in order to survive in the market.However, that is not to say that governments and large companies cannot positively contribute.Indeed, governments can enact laws and introduce programs to raise the public’s low-carbon awareness;companies can promote green products to change the public’s consuming habits.But they also need every citizen’s appreciation and support to bring good results.In sum, no effort is too small when we are protecting the environment.Meanwhile, local authorities and organizations must shoulder their responsibility to develop low-carbon economy at the macro level.Only by doing so can we assure that we could hand this beautiful planet to our next generation and the next generation after.

第四篇：雅思写作话题之教育类

上海新航道培训学校 http://sh.xhd.cn/

分析：雅思写作话题之教育类

教育类

1.教育的内容，功能和作用

母题：It is generally believed that education is of vital importance to the development of individuals and the well-being of societies.What should education consist of to fulfill both these functions?（050312）

解题：只要说明教育的几个主要的组成部分（德智体美劳）及它们在对个人发展和整个社会的发展中起到怎样的作用即可，三个足矣，比如说教育应该包括智力教育：教授理论知识和技能（培养独立思考、创造性思考、分析和解决问题的能力，提高人际交流技巧，社会技能及适应社会的能力）；“劳育”：为今后工作所需的实践技能；“德育”：提高道德标准，性格和正确价值观的培养；“体育”：提高身体素质，培养良好的生活习惯；“美育”：提高文明素质，提升文化素养及培养心理健康等。

子题：老师应该教学生如何判断是非还是学科知识？比起体育和艺术这些学科，学校更应该重视对将来工作来说更重要的学术科目吗？大学应当教授理论知识还是实践技能？中学阶段应当提供通才教育还是专才教育？大学的是应当把学生培养成合格的公民还是让他们自己得益？准备未来职业最好的方法是上大学还是尽快离校积累工作经验？国际新闻应该作为学校的学习科目吗？要不要学历史？小孩儿应该从小学习外语吗？无偿社区服务应该成为高中生的必修课吗？

子题例1：Some people think that universities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace.Others think that the true function of university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake.What, in your opinion, should be the main function of a university?（剑7 test 4;050528;070113）

解题：本题主要讨论的是大学教育的功能和作用，是应该帮助学生就业，还是教授知识本身。前者的理由：当今社会竞争激烈 fierce or intense social competition，大学教授日后工作所需的实用的知识和技能，能帮助学生获得更多工作机会 more job opportunities，有更好的就业前景better job prospects，提高职场中的竞争力等 gain a competitive advantage。后者理由：学习理论知识及不同课程theoretical knowledge & a wide range of curriculums，打下坚实的理论基础 lay a solid theoretical foundation，思维更开阔 broad-minded, have a broader view of life

本题貌似是观点类“opinion”题目，实质上是讨论类“discuss”，需要同学们讨论题目中提出的这两种观点各自的合理性及其理由，然后在此基础上得出自己的观点。文章可以分为四段。第一段介绍背景信息，引出主题，改写题目中双方观点，说明不同的人对于大学的功能有不同的理解和看法。第二段分析为什么有些人会认为大学应该教学生比较实用的知识和技能，并运用举例、因果、对比等论证方法加以阐述。第三段可以分析为什么有些人认为大学应该传授知识本身。在最后一段，同学们可以提出自己的观点并加以论证。可以认为大学的作用就在于培养用人单位需要的人才；也可以提出大学不同于培训学院，应该传授知识；或者进行分类，认为不同种类的大学有着不同的功能和作用。只要能自圆其说，任选其一即可。

文章来源: http://sh.xhd.cn/toefl/三

第五篇：雅思写作话题词汇(全)

雅思写作话题分类词汇

教育与学业

考试频率：★★★★★

Education and study 教育与学业

1、Teaching methods 教学方法

7、Generation gap 代沟

2、Educational facilities 教育设施

8、Adolescents’/Teenagers’ problems 青少年问题

3、Academic subjects 学校科目

9、Studying abroad 留学话题

4、Computer and learning(teaching)电脑与学习（教学）

10、Taking a part-time job 兼职工作

5、Personal development 个人发展

11、Parents’/Teachers’ responsibilities 父母/教师责任

6、Physical and mental growth 身心成长

12、Functions/tuition of university 大学功能/学费

真题重现

In schools and universities, some girls tend to choose arts subjects, while boys choose to study science subjects.What are the reasons? Do you think this trend should be changed?

Some people think that the main purpose of school is to turn children as a good citizens and workers, rather to benefit them as individuals.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

分类词汇加油站

1.scope of knowledge 知识面 2.lighten the burden of 减轻了…的负担

3.comprehensive knowledge 广博的知识 4.long-distance education 远程教育 5.enrich the teaching method 丰富教育手段

6.teachingpedagogical methodology 教学方法

7.schooling 学校教育 parenting、upbringing 家庭教育 8.impartinculcate knowledge 传授知识

9.multi-media teaching 多媒体教学 10.vocational education 职业教育 11.down-to-earth, practical 切合实际的 12.enlightening 予以人启迪的 13.perplexing 令人困惑的

14.the cultural diversity 文化的多元性 15.insightful 富有洞察力的,有深刻见解的 16.undertake the due obligations 承担责任 17.exam-oriented education 应试教育

18.develop our creative mind 培养我们创造性思维 19.widen one’s knowledge 拓展知识面 20.realize the value of life 实现生命价值 21.grasp good communication skills 掌握良好交流技能 22.cultivate a strong sense of responsibility 培养了强 烈的责任感

23.cultivate logical thinking 培养逻辑思维 24.rote learning、learn things by rote 死记硬背

25.cultivate，foster，nurture 培养

26.promote the student’s physical, mental intellectual and emotional development 促进学生身心发展 27.psychological soundnesswell-being 心理健康28.aptitude，talent 学习能力（先天）29.ability，skill 学习能力（后天）30.tap one’s potential 挖掘某人的潜能

31.go astray 误入歧途;indiscipline、misbehavior、mischief 不 遵 守 纪 律;disruptive students、unruly students 违反纪律的学生;commit crimes 犯罪 32.theoretical knowledge 理 论 知 识;practical knowledge 实践知识 33.university education 大学教育;vocational education

职 业 教 育;primary-level education 小 学 教育;secondary-level education 中学教育

youngsters、adolescents 青少年 35.develop linguistic skills 培养语言技能 36.comprehensive knowledge 全面的知识 37.face-to-face communication 面对面交流 38.stimulate one’s interest 激发了…的兴趣 39.increase efficiency 提高效率

40.enrich the teaching and learning methods 丰富了教学手段

41.be fully aware of…充分意识到…

科学与技术

考试频率：★★★★★

Science and Technology 科学与技术

1、Technological 科技产品

7、Medical advancement 医学进步

2、Information technology 信息与技术

8、Technology VS.arts 科技与艺术

3、Discoveries and inventions 发现与创造

9、Animal experiments 动物实验

4、Science VS.culture 科学与文化

10、Space research 太空研究

5、High-tech entertainment 高科技娱乐

11、Extending human life 延长寿命

6、Producing contaminants/resources 制造污染/资源

12、Genetically modified food 转基因食品

真题重现

With computer technology becoming cheaper and more accessible, more adults work from home and more children study from home.Do you think it is a positive or negative development?

In today's world of advanced science and technology, we still greatly value our artists such as musicians, painters and writers.What can arts tell us about life that science and technology cannot?

分类词汇加油站

1.exert a far-reaching impact on 产生一种深远的影响

2.cutting-edge technology 尖端科技 information explosionoverload 信息爆炸 depletion of resources 能源消耗

5.sophisticated equipment 尖端设备

6.technical innovation 科技创新

7.enhanceaugmentboost the efficiency 提高效率

8.the proliferation of Internet 互联网的广泛使用

9.technological innovations 科技创新及发展 10.labor-saving 省力的 labor-replacing 代替人力的

11.biotechnology 生物技术

12.a fatal breakdown 致命故障

13.potential hazards 潜在危险

14.pose a threat to…对…有一种威胁

15.promote relative industries 促进相关产业发展

16.accelerate 加速…

17.transportation tools 交通工具

18.environmentally-friendly resources 环保的能源

19alternative fuel 可替代燃料

20.sustainable development 可持续性发展

21.scientific exploration 科学探索

22.substitute 取代

23.overcome difficulties 克服困难

24.unprecedented 前所未有的

25.see dramatic breakthroughs 取得突破性进展

26.aggravate 使恶化

27.levy the tax 征税

28.be viewed as …被视为是…

29.be concerned about …对…担忧/关注…

30.pollution-free fuel 无污染燃料

31.luxury 奢侈品

32.chronic lead poisoning 慢性铅中毒

33.lay more emphasis on…把重心放在…

34.settle down effective laws 制定出积极有效的法律

35.Impose restrictions on …对…实施限制

36.short-sighted 目光短浅的

37.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源 38.telecommunications 远程通信 39.a pillar industry 支柱产业 40.make full use of …充分利用

41.speed limits 限速

42.enhance the quality of life 提高生活质量

43.pay a heavy price 付出惨痛的代价

44.call for …需要…

45.overcrowded 过度拥挤的

46.headache 令人头痛的事

47.traffic accidents 交通事故

48.head-way 进展

49.conflict with …与…相冲突

50.major cause 主要原因

传媒与网络考试频率：★★★★

Media and the Internet 传媒与网络

1、TV and learning 电视与学习

7、Internet shopping 网络购物

2、Computer games 电脑游戏

8、Computer illiteracy 电脑文盲

3、Online communication 网络交际

9、Media and consumption 传媒与消费

4、Computers VS.teachers 电脑与老师

10、Children and advertising 儿童与广告

5、Nature of journalism 新闻本质

11、Global VS.local 全球与本地

6、Media and crime 传媒与犯罪

12、Virtuality and isolation 虚拟与孤独

真题重现

We are surrounded by all kinds of advertising, which significantly influence our lives.Do the positive effects of advertising outweigh its negative effects?

Some think that computer games are dangerous for children in every way;others think that computer games help children’s development.Discuss both views and give your opinion

分类词汇加油站

1.paparazzi 狗仔队 27.sitcom 情景喜剧

2.mass media 大众媒体 28.soap opera 肥皂剧 3.entertainment 娱乐 29.affair 绯闻 4.journalism 新闻业 30.celebrity 名人

5.the latest news 最新消息 31.rise to fame 声名鹊起

6.exclusive news 独家新闻 32.invade one's privacy 侵扰了…的隐私

7.endanger social stability and safety 危害社会稳 33.misleading 误导性的 定和安全 34.cheating 欺骗性的

8.news agency 新闻社 35.popularity 知名度 9.news block-out 新闻封锁 36.scandal 丑闻

10.news censorship 新闻审查 37.sensational 轰动的

11.freedom of the press 新闻自由 38.prevalent 普遍的、流行的 12.coverage 新闻报道 39.imperative 重要的、必要的

13.do reportage on … 报导… 40.audience ratings 收视率 14.hit the headlines 上头条 41.propaganda 宣传 15.issue 出版、发行 42.be abducted by 受…诱导 16.newsstand 报摊 43.purify one's soul 净化心灵 17.free-lancer writer 自由撰稿人 44.live in virtual would 生活在一个虚拟世界中 18.chief editor 总编 45.be a great comfort to somebody 对…来说是 19.editorial 社论 一个巨大安慰 20.newsworthy 值得报道的 46.meet different tastes 满足不同口味 21.barometer 晴雨表 47.follow the fashion blindly 盲目追逐时尚

22.the barometer of public opinion 舆论晴雨表 48.be inconceivable to somebody 对来说是难以

23.live broadcast 直播 想象的 24.quiz show 智力竞争节目 49.impressive 给人印象深刻的 25.right to know 知情权 50.in the disguise of … 打着…的幌子 26.variety show 综合节目

国家与政府考试频率：★★★★

Nation and government 国家与政府

1、Government’s responsibility 政府职责

7、Funding arts 资助艺术

2、Educational policy 教育政策

8、Healthcare system 医疗福利体系

3、Assisting poor countries 帮助贫困国家

9、Housing shortage 住房问题

4、Measuring a country’s success 成功国家标准

10、Legal system 司法体系

5、Financially-aiding sports 体育投资

11、Space research 太空研究

6、Developing public transport 发展公共交通

12、Military defense 军事防御

真题重现 Some people think that government should only spend money on the construction of public services rather than waste on the arts such as music and painting.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

The number of people who watch foreign films is much more than people who watch local films, describ the reasons and should the government provide financial support to the local film industries

分类词汇加油站

1.unemployment；joblessness 失业 2.infrastructure 基础设施

3.social security 社会保障 4.medical care system 医疗保健 5.public transportation 公共交通 6.public service 公共服务 7.essential sectors 关键行业 8.non-essential sectors 非紧要行业 9.private sector 私人企业 10.general interest 公众利益 11.welfare 福利

12.financial assistance 经济援助 13.shake offget rid of poverty 摆脱贫穷 14.authorities 当局

15.citizens;the citizenry 老百姓 16.regulate;administe;oversee 规范，管理 17.implement 实施

18.legislate;make laws 立法 19.strictly prohibit;ban altogether 严禁

20.stringent laws/legislation 严格的法律 21.scrutiny(n.);scrutinize(v.)monitor(v.)监督

22.allocate money to sth;be a patron of;invest in;fund;dedicate money to sth.为……拨款

23.budget(n.)预算 24.tax revenue 税收

25.the government spending/expenditure on sth.政府

开支

26.curtail 削减 27.augment 增加

28.give priority to sth.把当作当务之急 29.responsibility;obligation 责任 30.arms race 军备竞赛 31.self-defense 自卫

32.national security;homeland security 国土安全 33.short-sighted policy 缺乏远见的政策 34.expansion(n.)aggression(n.)扩张 35.seekpursue hegemony 谋求霸权

36.a vicious circle 恶性循环 37.destabilizing factors 地区不稳定因素 38.rules and regulations 规章制度 39.space race 太空竞赛

40.arms(n.)weapons(n.)armaments(n.)武器 41.laid-off workers;downsized workers 下岗工人 42.power grid 电网

43.democratic 民主的 democracy 民主

44.民主与开明的政府 a democratic and progressive government

生活与城市考试频率：★★★

Life and city 生活与城市

1、Life-altering inventions 发明改变生活

7、Keeping pets in cities 城市养宠物

2、Police and guns 警察佩戴枪支

8、Lifestyle decisions 生活方式

3、Relocation of enterprises 企业搬迁

9、Money VS.happiness 金钱与幸福

4、Housing problems 住房问题

10、Teenagers VS.adults 青少年与成年人

5、Protecting people’s privacy 保护隐私

11、Fast-paced modern life 现代快节奏生活

6、Popularity of fast foods 快餐现象

12、City plan 城市布局

真题重现

Some people think that a police force carrying guns can educate higher level of volience.to what extent do you agree or disagree？

In many cities, planners have separated schools, homes, shops, offices in specific areas which were widely separated from each other.Do you think advantages of this policy overweigh disadvantages to the city residents?

分类词汇加油站

1.urbanization 城市化

2.centralization 集中化 3.imbalance 不平衡 4.in the long run 从长远角度而言 5.infrastructure 基础设施 6.booming 繁荣发展的

7.tertiary industry 第三产业 9.revenue 税收 10.commercialization 商业化 11.traffic congestion 交通拥挤 12.water scarcity 水短缺

13.the environmental pollution 环境污染 14.over-industrialization 过度工业化 15.over-crowdedness 过度拥挤 16.unemployment 失业

17.wealth distribution 财富分配 18.social instability 社会动荡 19.urban construction 城市建设 20.population explosion 人口激增 21.a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升

22.drain of energy and resources 能源和资源消耗 23.offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会 24.a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活

25.stress-related illnesses 与压力有关的疾病 26.high cost of living 高额生活费用

27.pastoral life 田园生活

28.class polarization 阶级两极分化 29.social welfare 社会福利

30.give special care to … 给予…特殊关照 31.urban sprawl 城市扩张

32.convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具 33.better medical services 更好的医疗服务 34.pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力 35.be vulnerable to … 易于患上…

36.melting pot 熔炉

37.on the brink of … 处于…边缘 38.pollutant 污染性物质 39.waste disposal 废物处理 40.put the blame on … 归咎于… 41.be attributable to … 归因为…

42.ways of consumption 消费方式 43.suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失 44.citizen 居民

45.be confronted with… 面临着… 46.breed crimes 滋生犯罪 47.vicious cycle 恶性循环

48.a feasible measure 一种可行的措施 49.give priority to … 优先考虑… 50.city planners 城市规划

工作与职业考试频率：★★★

Career and occupation 工作与职业

1、Interpersonal skills 人际交流技能

7、Changing jobs/careers 跳槽与工作改变

2、Stress management 减压

8、Part-time positions 兼职工作

3、Safty and health hazards 安全及健康危害

9、Graduate unemployment 毕业生失业

4、Telecommuting 远程办公

10、Work vs.family 工作与家庭

5、Women at workplace 女性参加工作

11、Qualification vs.experience 资历与经验

6、Job satisfaction 工作的满意度

12、Working in rural areas 去乡村工作

真题重现

Some people think that people working at home can benefit the employees a lot, not the employers.To what extent do you agree or disagree？

Nowadays, many people change their jobs frequently, some believe it is good for their development while others hold different opinions.What is your opinion?

分类词汇加油站

1.the tempopace of life has increased 生活节奏加速 2.social settings 社会环境

3.religious belief 宗教信仰 4.educational level 教育程度 5.a sense of belonging 归属感

6.sedentary lifestyle 缺少运动的生活方式 7.live a high-pressured and fast-paced lifestyle 高压力

和快节奏的生活方式

8.nurture a good state of mind 养成良好的心态 9.block out worries 争取减少忧虑 10.balance work and family平衡工作和生活

11.a means of self-expression 自我表达的一种方式 12.follow blindly 盲目追求 13.root in daily life 源于生活 14.over nourishment 营养过剩

15.create alienation between people 人与人之间疏远16.money-worshiping、mercenary、materialistic 过于 功利的

17.pursue maximum profit 追求最大限度利润 18.poverty alleviation 扶贫

19.job opportunity、employment opportunity 就业机会 20.promotion opportunity 提升机会 21.switching jobs、job-hopping 换工作跳槽 22.acquire a wide array of skills 发展多种技能 23.lack of self-motivation 缺乏动力 24.directionlessaimless 没有目标 25.egoism 利己主义altruism 利他主义 26.soothe the soul平缓情绪

27.utilised as a form of propaganda 用做一种宣传手段 28.enrich cultural life 丰富文化生活 29.enhance the quality of life 提高生活质量 30.conform the existing rules 墨守成规 31.satisfied with material comforts 满足于物质 32.spiritual needs 精神享受

33.achieve a balance between work and pleasure 劳

逸结合

34.time-conscious people 时间观念很强的人35.impoverished、destitute、indigent 贫穷的36.affluent、wealthy、well-off 富裕的 37.urban 城市的 rural 乡村的 38.urbanization 城市化

39.the disparity between the city and the countryside 城乡差距

40.relocate 搬迁 41.telecommute 在家上班

42.leisure、recreation、entertainment 休闲、娱乐 43.laissez-faire management 宽松的管理 44.operating costs、overhead costs 运营成本 45.labor pool 劳动力资源

46.depression 抑郁症/insomnia 失眠症 47.population explosion 人口爆炸 48.gender equality 两性平等

49.gender discrimination、sexism 性别歧视 50.child bearing 生育孩子/child rearing 抚养孩子 51.elderly people、senior citizens 老年人 52.family bondsties 家庭成员间的情感纽带

语言与文化考试频率：★★

Language and culture 语言与文化

1、Language and age 语言与年龄

7、Tourism and culture 旅游与文化

2、Learning a foreign language 学习外语

8、Pressing local culture 保护本地文化

3、International language 国际语言

9、Traditional architecture 传统建筑

4、Dominance of English 英语的主导地位

10、Cultural facilities 文化设施

5、Assisting artists 资助艺术

11、Culture vs business 文化与贸易

6、Cultural gap 文化差距

12、Working overseas 海外工作

真题重现

Some people think that international tourism has brought great benefit to the world’s economy, some others hold that it ruin the culture and the ecosystem.Discuss both and give your opinion.In some cities, the old buildings are replaced by many modern buildings.Some people think it brings more disadvantages.Do you agree or disagree?

分类词汇加油站

1.tourist attractions、tourist spots、places of interest

旅游景点

2.maitain、protect、preserve(v.)保护3.forefathers、ancestors 祖先 4.descendants 后代

5.ethnic minorities 少数民族

6.the harmony between ethnic groups/races 民族团结 7.cultural diversity 文化融合 8.interaction 互相影响 9.cultural diversity 文化多元性

10.insular/provincial/parochial mentality 狭隘的观念 11.deprecate/denigrate/minimize the importance of 贬 低

12.push back/expand one’s vision/ horizons 开阔眼界

13.promote cultural communication 促进文化交流 14.draw/attract/appeal to/ be a magnet for sb.吸引 15.first-hand experience 亲身体验

second-hand experience/vicarious experience 间接体

验

16.multi-sensory 多种感官体验的 17.conflict 冲突 18.discord/dissension 争端

19.isolate the tourist from the locals 把游客和当地人隔

离

20.commercialize 商业化 21.cultural heritage 文化遗产

22.the Internet will not render tourism obsoletes 互联

网不会让旅游业过时

环境与生态考试频率：★★★★ Environment and ecology 环境与生态

1、Environmental pollution 环境污染

7、Awareness raising 环保意识提高

2、Ecotourism 生态旅游

8、Transport and environment 交通与环境

3、Curbing car-using 限制汽车使用

9、International cooperation 国际合作（环境）

4、Endangered species 濒临灭绝物种

10、Sustainable development 可持续发展

5、Throw-away society 浪费型社会

11、Agriculture and ecology 农业与生态

6、Environmental improvement 环境改善

12、Biodiversity 生物多样性

真题重现

Many people hold that only international cooperation can solve the environmental problems, single person or country can not deal with such big problem.To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Some people think it is not necessary to invest money on protecting the wild animals.Do you agree or disagree?

分类词汇加油站

1.ecosystemecological system 生态系统 2.cological balanceequilibrium 生态平衡 3.sustainable development 可持续发展 4.biodiversity 生物的多样性 5.environmentalistsconservationists 环 保 主 义 者 animal right activists 动物权益保护主义者6.environmentally-friendly（adj.）对环境无害的 7.conservation 节约

8.recyclereuse(v.)再利用 10.benefit from 从中受益

11.enhanceelevateraise the public awareness of …

增强公众的……意识

12.put forward valuable suggestions 提出宝贵建议13.shortagescarcitydearthlack（n.）短缺 14.participate in the reconstruction of the city 参与城市 重建

15.raise the environmental management level 提高环境管理水平16.create a pleasant ecological environment 创造出一

种和谐的生态环境

17.give priority to 优先关注

18.catch much attention 引起很大关注 19.deforestation(n.)砍伐森林 20.greenhouse effect、global warming 温室效应 21.discharge effluentsewage 排放污水 22.non-biodegradable garbage、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾/bio-degradable plastic bags 可降解一次性塑料袋

23.afford their masters consolation and comfort 给主人

心理安慰

24.infertile soil 贫瘠的土壤 25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤 26.arable land、farmland 耕地 27.pollutecontaminate(v.)污染 28.poisonoustoxic(adj.)有毒的

29.consumedeplete(v.)消耗(某种资源)30.use upexhaust（v.）用尽(某种资源)31.harsh measuresactions 严厉措施

32.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容 33.combat desertification 防治荒漠化

34.curb environmental pollution;bring the pollution under control 治理环境污染 35.industrial solid wastes 工业固体废物

36.organic pollutions 有机污染物 37.environment-friendly agriculture;eco-agriculture 生 态农业

38.water resource conservation zone 水资源保护区 39.establish nature reserve 建立自然保护区 40.endangered wildlife 濒危野生动物

41.medical research 医学研究 42.cruelmercilessinhumancallousbrutal 残忍的 43.vivisection 活体解剖

44.easealleviaterelieve animals’ pain 减轻动物的痛苦

个人与社会考试频率：★★★

Individual and society 个人与社会

1、Personal health 个人健康

7、Stressful life 压力生活

2、Age of machine 机器时代

8、Healthcare and education 医疗与教育

3、Social responsibility 社会责任

9、Environmental responsibility 环保责任

4、Money and happiness 金钱与幸福

10、Disasters and violence 灾难与暴力

5、Saving for retirement 养老储蓄

11、Housing problems 住房问题

6、Team activities 团队活动

12、Law and order 法律与秩序

真题重现

Many people are busy with work and have less time to spend with families and friends.Why does this happen? What are the effects of this on family life and society as a whole?

Some people say that it is the responsibility of individuals to save money for their own care after they retire.Do you agree or disagree?

分类词汇加油站

1.urbanization 城市化

2.centralization 集中化 3.imbalance 不平衡 4.in the long run 从长远角度而言 5.infrastructure 基础设施 6.booming 繁荣发展的

7.tertiary industry 第三产业 9.revenue 税收 10.commercialization 商业化 11.traffic congestion 交通拥挤 12.water scarcity 水短缺

13.the environmental pollution 环境污染 14.over-industrialization 过度工业化 15.over-crowdedness 过度拥挤 16.unemployment 失业

17.wealth distribution 财富分配 18.social instability 社会动荡 19.urban construction 城市建设 20.population explosion 人口激增 21.a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升

22.drain of energy and resources 能源和资源消耗 23.offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会 24.a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活

25.stress-related illnesses 与压力有关的疾病 26.high cost of living 高额生活费用

27.pastoral life 田园生活

28.class polarization 阶级两极分化 29.social welfare 社会福利

30.give special care to … 给予…特殊关照 31.urban sprawl 城市扩张

32.convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具 33.better medical services 更好的医疗服务 34.pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力 35.be vulnerable to … 易于患上…

36.melting pot 熔炉

37.on the brink of … 处于…边缘 38.pollutant 污染性物质 39.waste disposal 废物处理 40.put the blame on … 归咎于… 41.be attributable to … 归因为…

42.ways of consumption 消费方式 43.suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失 44.citizen 居民 45.be confronted with… 面临着… 46.breed crimes 滋生犯罪 47.vicious cycle 恶性循环

48.a feasible measure 一种可行的措施 49.give priority to … 优先考虑… 50.city planners 城市规划

能源与交通考试频率：★★★

Energy and Transportation 能源与交通

1、Public transport expansion 发展公共交通

7、Food export 食品出口

2、Increasing private cars 私家车增多

8、Space travelling 太空旅游

3、Traffic congestion 交通拥堵

9、Producing pollution 制造污染

4、Road security 道路安全

10、Cheap flight 低价飞行

5、Water scarcity 水源短缺

11、Resource consumption 能源消耗

6、Overuse of fuel 燃料过度使用

12、International tourism 国际旅游

真题重现

In some countries, air travel has become a much cheaper form of transport than in the past.Is this a positive or negative trend?

The number of cars in many large cities is increasing significantly nowadays.What are the problems it may bring? How to solve this problem?

分类词汇加油站

1.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure 完善

城市基础设施建设

2.implement strict vehicle emission standards 制定严

格的汽车排放标准

3.reduce waste 减少浪费

4.eliminate poverty and backwardness 消除贫穷落后 5.prevent and control pollution 预防和控制污染 6.reinforce the conservation of water and soil 加强水土 保护

7.keep ecological balance 维护生态平衡

8.adopt environmental protection technique 环保技术 9.strengthen the regulation and monitoring 加强监督和 管理

10.enhance the governmental intrusion 加大政府干预

性措施

11.promote legislative regulations 促进立法管理 12.establish and perfect the social security system 建

立和完善社会的安全体系

13.impose some restrictions on 对…实施限制 14.arouse people’s awareness of 唤醒人们的…意识 15.take some preventive(remedial)measures 采取一 些预防（补救）措施

16.enforce on-the-spot penalties 采取立即惩罚性措施 17.take proper guidance and support 恰当引导和支持 18.impose heavier penalty on 对…实施严格的惩罚 19.set down effective laws 制定积极有效的法律

20.urban planning 城市规划

21.break the ecological balance 破坏了生态的平衡 22.contaminate the environment 污染环境

23.promote the sustainable development of the city 促

进城市的可持续性发展

24.greenhouse effect 温室效应 25.strengthen pollution control 加强污染控制 26.popularize environmental protection knowledge 普

及环保知识

27.burning 迫在眉睫的 28.environmental degradation 环境恶化

29.at the cost of environment 以环境污染为代价 30.uncontrolled urbanization 城市化失控 31.motor vehicle exhaust、car emission 汽车尾气排放 32.exhaust purifier 尾气净化器 33.urban refuse 城市垃圾 34.protect …from overexploitation 防止过度开发 35.conservation of water and soil 水土保持 36.lead-free gasoline 无铅汽油

37.gas-fueled vehicles 天然气汽车 38.cell-driven vehicles;battery cars 电动汽车 39.slow down the rate of resource degradation 降低资

源消耗率

40.develop renewable resources 开发可再生资源 29.renewable resources 可再生资源 30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源

人口与经济考试频率：★★★

Population and economy 人口与经济

1、Overpopulation 人口爆炸

7、Feminism 女权主义

2、Population ageing 人口老龄化

8、Industrial locations 工业选址

3、Governmental pension 政府养老

9、Global trade 国际贸易

4、Juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪

10、Economic gaps 经济差距

5、Crimes 犯罪

11、Youth unemployment 年轻人失业

6、Agricultural development 农业发展

12、Consumption patterns 消费方式

真题重现

In some countries, governments are encouraging industries and businesses to move out of large cities into regional areas.Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh its disadvantages?

The proportion of older people in many countries is steadily increasing.Does this trend have more positive or negative effects on the society?

分类词汇加油站

1.saving 储蓄 2.investment 投资 3.expenditure 支出 花费 4.capital 资本资金资产 5.currency 通货通用 市价 7.demand 需求、需求量

8.supply 补给、供给、供应品

9.purchase 购买 10.inflation 通货膨胀 11.monetary 货币的金钱的 12.consume 消费消耗

13.distribution 分配、分发、配给物

14.taxation 课税、征税、税收、税款、估定的税额

15.externality 外部因素

16.trademark 商标 copyright 版权 著作权 17.restrict freedom 限制自由

18.invade privacy 侵犯隐私 19.depression 萧条 不景气 20.discount 折扣 21.financial 财政的 金融的 22.commit a crime 犯罪

23.breakviolatefloutdisobey the law 触犯法律24.offence、crimes、criminal acts 罪行25.criminal、offenders、culprit、perpetrator 罪犯26accomplice、accessory 从犯

27.resent society、hold a grudge against society 憎恨

社会

28.trauma 心理创伤 29.prison 监狱

30.imprisonincarcerate someone 监禁 31.victims 受害者

32.be brought to justice 被绳之以法 33.reformrehabilitate criminals 改造罪犯 34.law enforcement agencies 执法部门 35.heinousflagitious crime、felony 重罪 36.petty crime 轻罪

37.first-time offenders 初犯者 38.hardened offenders 惯犯 39.revert to crime 再次犯罪 40.hunt down、capture 抓捕

41.abide by the law、comply with the law 遵守法律 42.law-abiding citizens 守法公民

43.boost the sense of safety 增强安全意识 44.reinforce the police force and increase patrol 增强

警力和巡逻

45.miscarriges of justice 执法不公 46.deterrent effect 震慑作用

47.being closely monitored 受到严格监控 48.fear of reprisal 担心报复的心理 49.alert people to the risk of being victimized by crime

提高人们对于犯罪的警惕