第一篇：英语四级作文实用佳词妙句三十例
英语四级作文实用佳词妙句三十例
1、individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons)
2、positive, favorable, rosy(美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good
3、dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill(有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换
eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms.When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4、(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。
Eg.Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理 用most, if not all ,替换most.5、a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some
6、harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that)
7、affair ,business ,matter 替换thing
8、shared 代 common
9、reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits)
10、for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion
11、Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more(注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.Eg.sth has gained growing popularity.Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.12、little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly
13、beneficial, rewarding替换helpful，14、shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer
15、exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very
16、hardly necessary, hardly inevitable...替换 unnecessary, avoidable
17、sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb.be interested in
18、capture one's attention替换attract one's attention.19、facet,demension,sphere代aspect
20、be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear
21、give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause.22、There are several reasons behind sth 替换..reasons for sth
23、desire 替换want.24、pour attention into 替换pay attention to
25、bear in mind that 替换remember
26、enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思)
27、interaction替换communication
28、frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth
29、to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance
30、next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible
综合运用篇
Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。
As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)
As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....随着社会的发展，人们开始关注............People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting
求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。
As to whether it is worthwhile....., there is a long-running controversial debate.It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.关于是否值得___________的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。
In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma.在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。
Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心______________。
The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。
......plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse?“
_______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：”我们该如何抉择?“
Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges，现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。
展现问题篇
问题的常用词：question, problem, issue
Recently, the issue of......has been brought into public focus.近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people's attitude towards some traditional practice.现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。
Recently the issue of whether or not...has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。
The issue whether it is good or not to....has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。
At present, some people think....while others claim...Both sides have their merits.目前，一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。
People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。
People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。
When asked..., some people think.....while some prefer...说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。
Just as the saying goes: ”so many people, so many minds“.It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说，”“。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。
There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that...万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。
When it comes to..., most people believe that..., but other people regard...as....提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____.When faced with...., quite a few people claim that...., but other people think as...提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。
There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of....There who criticize...argue that...., they believe that...,but people who favor.., on the other hand, argue that...目前，_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______，他们认为_______，不过，另一方面，赞同_______的人则认为_________。
Some people are of the opinion that..有些人认为_____________。Many people claim that...很多人认为_____________。A majority of 绝大多数
A large number of 很多人
Some people contend that...has proved to bring many advantages(disadvantages)
有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处)。
Those who argue for...say that...economic development of the cities.觉得_____的人认为，______ 城市的经济发展。
Some people advocate that....有些人在坚持认为_________。
They hold that...他们认为_________。
People, who advocate that..., have their sound reasons(grounds)
坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据)。
Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。
Those who strongly approve of...have cogent reasons for it.强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。
Many people would claim that...有人会认为___________。
People who support...give some or all of the following reasons.那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因：________。
But others hold the view that...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。
观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take, have, come up with，set forth, put forward等。
But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that..,.不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。
But people who are..., on the other hand , maintain that...不过，另一方面，________的人认为__________。
However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。
问题用词：Issue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over等。
However, some others argue that...然而，另一些人则认为_________。
However, there are also some others who contend that...然而，也有人认为__________。
But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
Some people examine this issue from another angle 有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly...另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_____________。
According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer...rather than...根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_______而不会选择__________。
Personally, I side with the latter(former)opinion...就我个人而言，我支持后者(前者)___________。Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。To my point of view 我认为
To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)我认为，优点胜过缺点。
For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点________________。
As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。
After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that...经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即________________________。
If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿____________。
Taking into consideration both sides of the issue, I tend to favor the latter view..比较两种观点进行比较，我较同意后一种观点，亦即_________________。
When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to...对两种观点进行综合考虑之后，我较认同_________________。
If it is up to me to make a choice between...and...I would rather choose...over...如果要我在____和____之间进行选择，我宁愿选择_____而不会选择______。I would have to say that, if I were faced with the decision, I would follow....我需要说的是，如果要我抉择，我会____________。
At the risk of sounding too direct , I prefer to...虽然可能过于直接，不过，我还是选择____________。
表达不确定的用词：May, seem, be likely to, possible, probably, perhaps, be said that, be said to...in my mind , the following factors/reasons/causes need to be taken into consideration.我认为，我们需要考虑下列因素/原因：
There are several reasons for this phenomenon/why...-(as follows).造成这种现象的原因如下：
And I would like to present two explanations for this:
对于此，我有如下两点愚见：
The reasons are chiefly as follows.主要原因如下：
There are numerous reasons why ____, and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.为什么___________，原因很多，在此列举几个较为重要的原因。
The reasons are presented below.原因如下。
There are three premier(主要的)/best/ most important, largest, significant, obvious, crucial causes as follows.以下这些是造成这一问题的最主要/最好/最重要/最大/最有意义/明显/至关重要的原因。
This is based on the propensity(倾向，原因)of following points.这基于以下的原因。
The main reason is that..主要原因是_____________。
One very important argument for.....is that...._______的非常重要的原因便是____________________。The reasons are quite clear.Above all,....原因非常清楚。首先(首要的是)__________。
The first reason can be seen by every person.第一个原因其实很明显。
The first and most important reason is that.....第一个而且最重要的原因是______________。
One of the reasons that are given for....is that....______________的原因之一是__________________。
Perhaps this is because of the simple fact that.....也许，原因很简单，亦即_____________________。
One of the premier causes is that(注意用词)
最重要的原因之一便是______________。
At the risk of sounding too simplistic, it seems to me that the main propositions can be summarized in one saying.这个原因可能较简单，不过，我认为可以用一句谚语来概括，________。
We may look into every possible reason, however, foremost reason for....Is....其实有很多原因，不过，造成________的最重要的原因是______________。
It might also be noted that....需要注意的是，____________ Another reason why.....(凑字数，但不可滥用)is that....(有利于写长句)
What is also worth noticing is that....值得一提的是___________________。
There is another factor that deserves some words here.还有另外一个很重要的原因。A more essential factor why....Is that ________ 的更为重要的原因是____________。
A further reason why，， is that.....________的更深层次的原因是____________。
In addition..此外，再者
Moving on to wider themes,_______
展开来说，_________________________。
The second thing that must be taken into consideration is that...第二个原因也很重要(值得考虑)，亦即__________。Likewise(同样), common sense tells us that...同样，___________，这是众所周知的。
The third but very important reason is that...第三个(尽管不是很重要)原因是______________。
The third, not the last is that，第三个原因是___________。
The last factor to be taken seriously is...第三个重要原因是_______________。
Finally, moreover, last but not least, furthermore.As the proverb goes: ”every coin has its two sides“,....is no exception.俗语有云：”万事万物都有两面性。“ ________也不例外。Every thing has a good side and a bad side, and....is no exception.万事万物有其两面性，而________也是如此。
The discussion as to whether the...is a blessing or a curse arouses most people's interests.__________是好坏利弊问题引起了很多人的兴趣。
..plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world.______ 尤为重要而引起当今社会的关注。
There comes a question: is it a blessing or a curse.问题是：____是福是祸?
There is no denying that every thing has one more face and...is no exception.不可否认，每一件事物都有其两面性，其实，______也不例外。
Every thing in the world has its own two sides.Without exception, A has both advantages and disadvantages.任何事情都有两面性，A也不例外，有其优势和劣势(利与弊)。
....undoubtedly plays an increasing significant role in modern life.不容置疑，_______在现代生活中不断显示出起重要性。
With the development of the society,...is increasingly important.随着社会的发展，_______变得越来越重要。
The merits of this is obvious...其好处显而易见。
As we know,...bring many benefits and convenience to people.众所周知，_______ 为我们的生活带来很多好处。
There are no less than three advantages in..as rendered below.如下所示，_______ 至少有三种好处。
Despite the advantages...has, some people claim, we shall not lose sight of its adverse effects on...尽管_____有些益处(优势)，有些人则认为，我们不能忽略了其对______的负面影响。
However, like anything else,...has more than one face.然而，象其他任何事物一样，______ 还有其它的方面。
However, with the advance of the human civilization, there is an increasing number of people who have raised doubts about whether...然而，随着人类文明的进步，越来越多的人开始置疑是否__________。
Some people deem it is a dangerous signal and call for public awareness of the negative effects it has brought about.有些人认为这是一种危险的信号，因此需关注其给社会带来的负面影响。
Of course, nothing in the world is perfect, so is...当然，时间没有完美的事物，所以，________。
Despite its merits, it also brings some problems to solve.尽管其也有很多优点，不过，也给我们带来一些问题。
But its bright side should not keep us from examining its dark side.但是，我们不能因为这些优点而忽略了其缺点。
From the reasons presented above, I think the pros outweigh the cons.从以上原因可以看出，其优势胜过劣势(优点多于缺点)。
As far as I am concerned, its disadvantages outweigh its disadvantages.我认为，其优势胜于劣势。
总的说来：In general, all in all, on the whole , in brief, in summary, in conclusion, in short, in a word , to sum up, to conclude, to summarize,...But all in all, I would say the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.With the advance of society, if we encourage the merits and eliminate the drawbacks, all people will enjoy a better life.但是，总的说来，我认为其优势大于劣势。随着社会的发展，如果我们能对此善加利用，所有的人都能生活得更好。
From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that...通过以上的讨论，我们可以得出如下结论，___________。
So, as I see it..因此，我个人认为，_________。
What we must do is to encourage the strength and diminish the weaknesses to the least extent.我们必须尽可能发挥其优势，趋吉避凶。
In conclusion, although...has its negative effects, it can to a great extent bring us more advantages.总的说来，虽然_______ 有其负面的影响，在很大程度上，其也将给我们带来很多好处。
From what has been discussed above, we can see...does more harm than good to us.Therefore, I strongly approve of the motion that...从以上论述可知，_____ 对我们百害而无一利。
”比如"的表达方式：
For example，For instance，It can be given a concrete example，Take...for an example, it is a very obvious case
There is one impressive example I want to mention here.Let's see an example.It is best illustrated if given the following example.Let me provide an example.Perhaps the most important example of...is that...As I remember,/ I now still remember that.I will never forget that
To illustrate this, there is an example that is very persuasive.An instance that accompanies this reason is that...An example can give the details of this argument,...It is a forceful example to demonstrate the importance of...History presented many examples of...In order to see this point clearly, let us see an example.说明原因型模板
(I)说明原因型模块
Currently, XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than XX
It is clear that(1).If you(2), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(3).Failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(5).It will exert a profound influence upon(6).With reference to my standpoint, I think(7).注释:
1:XX的第一个优点
2:支持XX的做法
3:不支持XX的做法
4:XX的第二个优点
5:举例证明优点二
6:说明XX优点三的影响第三天我写的相应作文:
The importance of self-confidence
Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than self-confidence.It is clear that(self-confidence means trust in one's abilities).If you(are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything).Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(the secret of MMe.Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular).It will exert a profound influence upon(the achievement of one's ambitions).With reference to my standpoint, I think(he that can have self-confidence can have what he will).(I)说明原因型模块(2)
In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on(1).The factors for(2).First of all,(3).Then, there comes a case that(4).Moreover,(5).Especially when(6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind people that(7).In this way, we should behave just like(8).The impact of Television
In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels.It has caused a heated debate on(the impact of television on children).Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.The factors for(parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all,(with so many programs to choose from, children are not getting as much exercise as they should).Then, there comes a case that(some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school).Moreover,(the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies).Especially when(the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that(they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing).In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply.(I)说明原因型模块(3)
For most of us today,(1).From above, we can find that the reasons why(2)are as follows.The primary reason, I think, is(3).Second,(4).The third reason, actually, is(5).The significance for(6)。
Therefore,(7).注释:
(1)人们针对XX的态度和举措
(2)归纳现状
(3)第一个原因
(4)第二个原因
(5)第三个原因
(6)重申造成现状的最重要原因
Pollution
Most of us today(recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem.lots of plants trees corps are destroyed by bad air.many fish die of poisonous water.thousands of people die from eating poisoned fish or breathing in gas.therefore, environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases that are disabling, or bringing death not only to human beings, but also to wild life.)From above, we can find that the reasons why(environment are polluted more and more seriously)are as follows.the primary reason, I think, is(the reason of harmful substances into environment.for example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests.however, they pollute air, water and land).Second,(the gas coming from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly).the third reason actually is(the result of a growing population in the world.everyday, so much litter and waste are poured out from houses, also pollute the environment).The significance for(controlling pollution)noted that it's high time that more effective measures should be taken.Therefore,(new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories.moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste.let's make our good efforts, and the world will be a safer place to live for us).(I)说明原因型模块(4)
These days we often hear that(1).It is common that(2).Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing,(3).For another,(4).What is more, since(5),it is natural that(6).To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worth trying.We should do something such as(7)to improve he present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future.(1)提出论题
(2)说明现状
(3)理由一
(4)理由二
(5)理由三
(6)理由三引起的后果
(7)解决方法
Pollution of environment
These days we often hear that(our living conditions are getting more and more serious because of the destruction of our environment).It is common that(many trees and animals are near extinction, and the all-important food chain has been destroyed.).Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing,(the population of the world is increasing so rapidly that the world has been so crowded.).For another,(the overuse of natural resources has influenced the balance of natural ecology).What is more, since(the industrial revolution),it is natural that(a great number of factories have been springing up like mushrooms.The smoke and harmful chemicals released from factories also pollute the environment).To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worthing.We should do something such as(planting more trees, equipping cars with pollution-control devices and learning to recycling natural resources)to improve the present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future.图表式作文模板
写作模板——图表式作文
It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes.It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years(as X varies).At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are …(多少)reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table.First of all, …(第一个原因).More importantly, …(第二个原因).Most important of all, …(第三个原因).From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future.The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time(if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).提纲式作文模板
写作模板——提纲式作文
1.对立观点式
A.有人认为X 是好事，赞成X，为什么?
B.有人认为X 是坏事，反对X，为什么?
C.我的看法。
Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X.They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。
However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do X.They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。An example can give the details of this argument:
There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages.In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。
2.批驳观点式
A.一个错误观点。
B.我不同意。
Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。
There might be some element of truth in these people‘s belief.But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.(以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。
3.社会问题(现象)式
A.一个社会问题或者现象
B.产生的原因
C.对社会和我们生活的影响
D.如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话)
E.前景的预测。
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem.(X has increasingly become a common concern of the public).According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。
There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文写法。
X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects.参照辩论式议论文的写法。
A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm.同上
Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..辩论式议论文模版
辩论式议论文模版1
Some people believe(argue, recognize, think)that 观点1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 观点2.As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, 论据1.More importantly, 论据2.Most important of all, 论据3.In summary, 总结观点.As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或:From above, we can predict that 预测.模版2
People hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2.As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, 论据1.For another, 论据2.Last but not the least, 论据3.To conclude, 总结观点.As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或 From above, we can predict that 预测.模版3
There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.First of all, 论据1。
Furthermore, 论据2。
Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest.That is, 论据3。
A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。
As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或 From above, we can predict that 预测.四级考试作文锦囊28篇
一Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled Asking for Leave of Absence.You should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines:
Your name and role : Sam , a sophomore in English Class Two
Your Foreign Teacher‘s name : Ms.Riddle
Incident: you cannot come to her class for some reason
Task: write her a note , asking for leave of absence
Asking for Leave of Absence
To: Ms.Riddle , my dear Oral English teacher
From: Sam , a respectful sophomore student of yours in Oral English Class Two
Date : January 8,2005
Subject: Asking for Leave of Absence
Dear Ms.Riddle，I would like to know if I could ask for a casual leave of absence from your Oral English class this Wednesday morning.Yesterday evening I got a phone call from my cousin , who is now running a small firm in suburbs of this city.He needs an interpreter for two days but cannot find the most reliable person, so he wants me to have a try.Personally , I regard this as a golden opportunity to put what I have learned in your class into practice, but I need your permission of absence.If you think I may go and help him get over the difficulty, I am confident that I ‗ll do a good job and both of us will grateful.Earnestly yours，Sam
二Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled On Power Failure.You should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines(given in Chinese):
1.很多城市缺电现象严重
2.分析原因
3.提出建议
On Power Failure
Recently, every morning when I wake up, I find my air-conditioner automatically turned off.I didn‘t understand why at first , but soon I learned that there was a great shortage of electricity supply in our city – my air-conditioner turned off because of a power failure midnight.With the rapidly developing industry and the ever-increasing population, demand for electricity supply is soaring.Besides, summers in recent years are much hotter than before , so most working places and households are air-conditioned , which consumes additional electricity.Face with such a hard nut , we have to find ways to crack it.Above all , in western areas China , there is surplus of electricity supply.So , cities that are thirsty for electricity may ask for remote help.Then ,when we have electricity , we should remember to save it.Set your air-conditioners at 27C and you won‘t feel less comfortable than when they are at 26C.In fact , some factories already shift their working hours to avoid the peak time of electricity consuming.My parents don‘t work from Monday to Friday as before – they work form Saturday to Wednesday and have the following two days off instead.This is also a way out , isn‘t it?
三假期即将到来，你(付萍)打算做一次为期三周的旅行，希望找个外国朋友作为游伴(Travel-mate)。拟一个寻游伴的启示，交代清楚日程安排、费用分担情况、对对方的要求，说明对方和你一起出游的好处。
Travel-mate Wanted
I‘m a 19-year-old female sophomore named Fu Ping.I hereby earnestly invite a foreign young lady—college student preferred—to make a three – week touring trip with me.My plan is to set off next weekend, when the summer vacation officially begins.The first stop is Kunming, the world-renowned city for its beauty and mild temperature.We‘ll get there by train and stay there for 2 days, and then we‘ll head for Jinggangshan, a former revolutionary base as well as a natural beauty spot.After a 3-day visit there , we will take a long-distance coach to a nearby port city by the Changjiang River and board a downstream ship to Shanghai, so that we can enjoy the great scenery alongside the third longest river in the world.As everybody knows, Shanghai is the busiest and fastest developing city in China.I‘d like to have a look at its prosperity, so the stay there will be about half a week.And a famous Chinese saying goes, ‖Just as there is Paradise in heaven, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on Earth ‖, so a 4-day visit to these two cities near Shanghai is must.All together, our trip will last about three weeks.I only expect that my travel-mate could split the expenses with me and talk with me in beautiful English, and I would be an excellent guide for her since I major in tourist guiding.Those interested please contact me either through email(fuping@126.com)or phone call(52222221).四Suppose you are required to write a Want Ad for the Dean.You are supposed to base this ad on the outline given below:
Student Consultant to the Dean Wanted
Duties: meeting with students;presenting oral and written reports;attending sessions
Requirements: full-time student with a strong sense of responsibility
Salary: 6000RMB an academic year
Time Commitment : 15h weekly
Deadline: Dec.23;to Li Meng 74543322
The office of Dean of students is looking for a Student Consultant to the Dean for the upcoming academic year.Duties of this position will include: meeting with students as individuals and groups to discuss issues, opinions , problems ,complains suggestions and recommendations regarding all areas of college policy;presenting regularly oral and written reports to the Dean of students;and attending various college sessions in the capacity as the student spokesperson.Candidates should be full-time students of this college.The ideal applicant will be skilled in report writing and oral communication;will get along with other individuals;and will demonstrate a strong sense of responsibility.The salary of this position is 6000 RMB an academic year, and the time required for this job is 15 hours a week.Applicants can make a telephone call to Li Meng before Dec.23.The phone number is 74543322
五Away from Net-bar Campaign
1.新闻媒体披露，徐州某中学1000多名学生签名，庄严承诺―远离网吧‖
2.分析―远离网吧‖运动的原因
3.作出对比的评论
Away from Net-bar Campaign
It has been reported that a middle school in Xuzhou City has recently launched a campaign named ―Away from Net-bar‖.More than a thousand students have signed for their solemn promise that they will not spend a single minute in the net-bars.With the nearing of the summer vacation, this campaign is especially meaningful for the healthy development of the minors.The internet has brought people great convenience in getting information, entertainment and contact with others, and it has also benefited some businessmen, especially the owner of net-bars.While it is true that most net-bars are running legally, it is also true that some are offering unhealthy programs that involve violence and sex content.Since most middle school students are prone to be influenced and they can hardly tell which bars are doing well and which ones are not, it is only advisable that they stay away from all.Besides , staying away from net-bars also does good to students‘ physical health.By passively sitting too long in front of the computer screen, both their eyesight and physique suffer.Obviously , the Away from Net-bars Campaign is an activity that is worth advocating and it merits other schools‘ reference 六Online Education
1.目前网络教育形成热潮
2.我认为这股热潮的的原因是……
3.我对网络教育的评价
Being online is no longer something strange in our life.To some degree, it has become part of our daily life.We can do a lot of things online, such as searching for information and communicating with friends far and near.But recently another helpful online activity has become very ―in‖.That is online education.Why could online education be so popular within such a short period of time? Among other reasons, the quick development of the internet should be an essential one, which makes all our dreams of attending class in the distance possible.Another underlying reason is the quick development of both society and technology.Today ,modern science and technology is developing with lightening speed.To catch up with this development we all feel an urgent and strong desire to study.However , due to the great pace of modern society , many people are too busy to study full time at school.Online education just comes to their aid.Personally , I appreciate this new form of education.It‘s indeed a helpful complement to the traditional educational means.It can provide different learners with more flexible and versatile ways of learning.Most of all ,with online education, we can sick to our jobs and at the same time study and absorb the latest knowledge.七Air Pollution
根据所给的题目和下面的关键词，写一篇120个词左右的短文：
health , surrounded by , smog , anything but , gases , impurities , absorb , poisonous , try hard , blacked out
We all know that clean air is important to good health.Wherever you go and whatever you do, you are always surrounded by a sea of gases that we call air.If there are impurities in the air, they may be absorbed by our bodies and make us ill.We need clean air, but unfortunately , air pollution is globally present , especially in cities.Many large cities are anything but pollution-free.Our cities have many factories, which we need to make food, clothing and other things.Every year these factories pour millions upon millions of tons of smog into air.Power plants and houses that burn coal add greatly to air pollution.Besides , there are more cars in cities now.Once out on the streets, they will take in fresh air and replace it with poisonous gases.Our country is trying hard to prevent and control air pollution.As long as every citizen also realizes its importance and makes join efforts, the day will come soon when people will take in only clean air.Then , the sunlight will no longer be blackened out by smoke and soot.八Direction: Read the following ad carefully , and you, by name of Wang Peng , are then asked to write a reply to apply for the job.Remember to send your letter to the company as given in the ad.You should write about 120 words.中国四达国际经济技术合作公司(CSCIETC)诚聘文秘一员，要求如下：
年龄20—30岁，大专以上学历
流利的英语听说读写能力
熟练的计算机操作能力
良好的沟通和协调能力
有外企工作经验者优先
应聘者请将简历、联系方式以及待遇要求寄至：上海市淮海中路8560号揽盛大厦人力资源部收。邮编200033
Department of Human Resources
Lansheng Building
No.8560 , Huaihai Zhong Road
Shanghai , 200033
Wang Peng
No.31020, Zhongshan Road
Xu Hui District
Shanghai , 200076
January 8th, 2005
Dear Sir or Madam，I learned from Beijing Youth Daily Jan.2 that your company is offering a position for a secretary, and it‘s a great pleasure for me to write to explore the possibility of seeking the job.I graduated two years form ** University, and obtained a bachelor‘s degree in the field of business management.During my stay in the university my major courses included macro-economics , business communication skills marketing and computer applications.I was especially fond of the communication skills which enabled me to deal with people and thing around well.Upon graduation I engaged with HP China Branch as an assistant to the head of Marketing Department.My responsibilities consisted of carrying out market surveys, writing reports and organizing meetings within the department.This is two-year experience has helped me a lot in many ways.In particular, I become increasingly aware of the importance of co-ordination and co-operation among co-workers.I also believe the experience will qualify me for the current vacancy in your company.I passed CET-6 with high marks.My spoken English is also fluent enough to organize meetings in English , which was actually my routine work in HP.Most of my market reports were presented in English , as my former boss is a native English speaker.I enclose herein my resume and some relevant documents as required.And if you need any further information on me, I also refer you to Mr.Johnson, my ex-colleague, who is available at 021-66668888.I appreciate your sincere consideration of me, and am looking forward to an early interview with you.Sincerely yours，Wang Peng 九To Be a small Fish in a Big Pond or a Big Fish in a Small Pond?
1.在大企业工作的特点
2.在小企业工作的特点
3.我的选择
Just as there are
distinct differences between being a small fish is a big pond and a big fish in a small pond, so it is with working as a subordinate in a large enterprise and presiding in a small firm.With the former, you can derive a deep sense of satisfaction from being a member of a well-known organization such as General Motors, or the Bell Telephone System.You have the opportunities of learning from experienced executives and knowing about the standard working process.With the latter, you have greater responsibilities and your decision may bring immediate effect.Normally you are expose to various experiences and expected to do a great many thing without much help or guidance.Personally I prefer to work in a small enterprise, where my prospect of promotion is good as long as I work hard.To tell the truth , I‘d rather become a well-known and important figure within my own small pond.十Styles of Living
1.有些人愿意和父母居住在一起
2.有些人想自己独立居住
3.我的看法
Some people enjoy living together with their parents after they have grown up.They hold the opinion because , living with parents , they can take better care of their parents and vice versa.Meanwhile , they can turn to their parents for help if they get into trouble or have some difficulties.To them, life in a big family seems to be more enjoyable than that in a small family.Others, however , prefer to live separately.They cherish the idea to be independent of their parents, seek more freedom and wish to have a place of their own, in which they can do what they like.Bedsides , they don‘t want to be overprotected by their parents but long for chance to face the society by themselves.As to me , I like an independent life style in spite of the fact I love my parents.Different generations have different life styles and values.What one generations likes may not be another generation‘s fondness.Living separately , each generation can enjoy different value.In addition , by leading an independent life , I can train my character and develop my own ability to deal with things encountered in my life.十一My View on the income Gap
1.收入差距悬殊是当前社会的一种现象
2.人们对之褒贬不一
3.我的看法
Now the income gap is getting wider and wider.In some privately owned firms, joint-ventures, or foreign-funded companies , an executive‘s yearly income is ten times or even a hundred times as much as an ordinary worker‘s
Faced with this situation, people will undoubtedly have different opinions.Some believe that it benefits the social and economic development since driving force is often derived from the gap.In other words , the gap inspires people and gives a push to advancement.Other speak of its side effect: income gap is often the root of social unrest and also contrary to our country‘s principle.From my point of view, while it is true that the income may stimulate the social development to some extent, it causes trouble as well.An income gap that is too wide for most people to bear can neither contribute to the stability of a country nor promote its economic development.Therefore , while we are advocating the rapid development of our country , we should tolerate the narrow income gap but narrow the wide one.十二 The Teacher-Student Relationship 1.好的师生关系有益于学生的发展 2.不良的师生关系有害于学生的发展 3.我认为……
A good teacher-student relationship is ab1e to effective1y further the student to a higher level in study.The teacher with patience and understanding encourages the student instead of pushing or forcing him.The relationship of this sort makes learning so enjoyable and funny that the student would work hard willingly.However, a bad relationship seriously weakens the achievement of teaching.It discourages the student from 1earning, leaving him with a wrong and negative attitude towards studying.Thus, teaching also becomes an unpleasant task, which forms a vicious cycle.As I see it, the relationship between a teacher and a student should be attached much importance to.A good relationship makes the teacher‘s job worthwhile while a bad one ill-affects the student‘s development, even to the rest of his life.十三Turn off Your Mobile Phone
1.移动电话给我们的生活带来了便利
2.移动电话有时也会影响别人
3.在某些场合请关掉你的手机
With the development of information techno1ogy and reduced price of communication products, the mobi1e phone has become a necessity for most people.Obviously, it shortens the distance between people and makes our life more convenient.Thanks to it, it‘s easy for us to contact or be contacted by others anytime and anywhere.We will never miss any important meetings，great deals or admirable opportunities。
But，have you noticed sometimes the mobile phone also brings embarrassment to us? It‘s not rare to see someone pressing the mobile phone to his ear and shouting 1oud1y in public as if there were no one else present.And I‘m sure each one has had such an experience that the mobi1e phone ring continuous1y on a formal occasion.Perhaps these People have many 1ife-and-death reasons to keep the phone working at all times, but it interrupts people around them who have to hear what they don‘t care when they want to concentrate on what they‘re doing.So if you are one of them, please shut off your cell phone in public, especially on a quiet and serious occasion.It‘s a respect for both others and yourself.十四Traveling by Train or by Plane
1.我们出远门总要坐火车或飞机
2.坐火车和坐飞机各有什么利弊
3.你的结论如何
When we go on a business trip, we will be faced with the choice of traveling by train or by plane.Before making the right choice，we had better make a close comparison and contrast of them.First of all, a train will take us to our target railway station.Also, a plane will take us to the target airport，Second, in a train we can enjoy the beautiful scenery of the countryside.Likewise, in a plane we can command a good view of fields, buildings, mountains and even plains of clouds.Despite these similarities, they differ in the following aspects.First, a train ticket is cheap.Most of us can afford it.However, a plane ticket is about twice as expensive as a train ticket.Most of us grudge paying for it.Besides, it is safer to travel by train.If the train gets into some trouble, we may survive by jumping out of it.On the contrary, if we travel by plane, we have to ask God to bless us.However, it takes us longer time to travel by train than by plane.Therefore, it depends which transportation tool we should choose.If we just want to save money，we will travel by train;but if we want to save time, we will turn to the plane.十五Foreign Investment 1.外商投资的优越性
2.外资给中国经济建设带来的变化 3.如何进一步吸引外资
The merit of foreign investments 1ies in many aspects。It increases capital investment in our economic construction, speeds up the technical innovation in our enterprises and accelerates our output.In brief, the foreign investment Plays an important m1e in the modernization of our country.Thanks to the foreign investment, great changes have taken place in our economic construction.Many new and advanced enterprises have been set up, old enterprises have been revolutionized and the living standards of our Peop1e have been great1y improved.All these have something to do with the foreign investment.Then, how can we attract more foreign investment? We must maintain our country‘s stability to create a good investment environment.Meanwhile we should carry out some favorable policies, making the foreign businessmen believe that to invest in China does pay off.Only in this way can we further attract and secure foreign investment.十六 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter.Suppose you are Jill.Write a letter to your friend Li Fang.You should write at least 120 words according to the situation given below in Chinese:
假设你的好朋友李芳是大学四年级学生，正在考虑是考研究生继续深造还是大学毕业后就踏上工作岗位。请给她写封信表明你的态度。
Dear Fang，I understand that you are in a dilemma.Although so many graduates are eager to set feet on their work-life road, there are still some who prefer to start their new life after gaining another degree to make better preparation for entering society.In my opinion, the latter are more admirable.You are good at all your course these years, so if you do like to spend another two or three years on campus, you should stick to it.In today's society, the achievement and status you can get and the devotion you can make are no doubt in proportion to your educational background and degrees, coupled with the efforts you put in them.If you want to stride to your destinations more smoothly and easily, why not head for the further study courageously?
Whichever you choose, I firmly believe your industry will ensure your success.After all, it is you who have the finally say on the final choice.Best wishes，Yours sincerely
十七Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: My View on the post-graduate Craze.You should write at least 120 words and base yourcomposition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:
目前考研究生形成热潮
我认为这股热潮的原因是......My View on the Post-graduate Craze
Every year, million of college students will sit in for the post-graduate entrance examination.More and more students have regarded the pursuing of a master degree as an indispensable part of their education.What is to account for their enthusiasm for a post-graduate diploma?
First, it is the demand of the time.In an age of knowledge updating and information explosion, what you have learned in college can hardly meet the demand of society.Talents of high quality who are equipped with the latest knowledge and skill will be needed more than ever.That is why many students will further their studies.Second, we all recognize that the more education you have, the more likely you are to succeed.Compared with those without a master degree, masters will enjoy more preferential treatment, for example, better salaries, more opportunities for promotion and training.A post-graduate degree can guarantee a more promising career.Last but not least, with the graduation of a large number of college students, competition for jobs becomes more and more fierce.One way to gain some advantage over others is to have a higher degree.No wonder millions of students will consider pursuing a post-graduate degree.十八Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Something I admire about the Western Culture.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below :
1.Is there anything in the Western culture you admire?
2.What is it(are they)and why do you like it(them)?
Something I Admire about the Western Culture
Despite the cultural conflicts between the Orient and the Occident, there do exist some admirable ingredients in the Western culture.First and foremost, the equality between parents and children.The parents are not always superior to their children, and the children do not always need to obey their parents order, that is, they are more like close friends.Second, the independent personality.Western people have a strong sense of supporting themselves and being independent.They begin earning their pocket money early in their life, even as kids.Last, Western people do not always assess a person according to his background.If only he can achieve success through personal struggle, he can win status.It's a talent-oriented society, not background-oriented.All the above mentioned are what I admire in the western culture and what I think we Chinese should learn.十九Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Campus Life.You should write at least 120 words according to the situation given below in Chinese:
1.有的大学生认为大学生活是丰富多彩，充实的 2.有的大学生对校园生活不满意
3.你理想中的大学生活是什么样的?谈谈你的感受
Campus Life
Early in senior high school, we longed to be enrolled in a university.Now the dream has come true.But how do we college students like our campus life?
Certainly, some relish it, finding it colorful and rewarding.Besides study, they spend considerable amount of time improving themselves in various aspect.Yet others do not think much of their college life, thus do not benefit as much.In their eyes, the university is just a bigger high school.The only difference is that they have more time at their disposal without parents looking over their shoulder.As to me, college life is ideal if only I have abundant books to read, some bosom friends to keep me company, a couple of conscientious professors to instruct me, and an easy access to the Internet.二十Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Opinion on Advertisement.You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline below:
Some people hold the idea that the advertisement is a necessary evil in modern life.What do you think?
My Opinion on Advertisement
As is known to all, angels and evils are poles apart.But is there anything that combines the two perfectly? Some there is-the advertisement.With the growing influence of mass media, advertising invades every aspect of our lives.Whenever we turn on the TV, look through a newspaper, open the mailbox, or surf on the Internet, advertisements would immediately jump into our sight.As they make things so attractive, we often end up buying things that we do not really need.Advertising not only adds to the price of the goods, thus harming the consumer's interest, but also imposes a kind of materialistic value upon the audience.But that is only part of the story-advertisements are informative as well as persuasive.They provide us with up-to-date information about the latest products.Some advertisements are so elegantly presented that we are inspired or even moved.No matter it is an evil or an angel, advertisement has become an indispensable part of our modern life.二十一Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: What does friendship mean? You should write at least 120 words and you shouldbase your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:
1.友谊是人生永恒的主题
2.友谊到底意味着什么
3..友谊的重要性。
What does friendship mean?
There is no definite answer.An eternal theme in literature, friendship is also indispensable in daily life.Friendship is to our life what salt is to dishes.When you are happy, friendship is just like adding flowers on the brocade;when you are sad, friendship is a dose of consolation;if you are in trouble, friends will surround you and remove the barriers for you;if you have a hard nut to crack, you can turn to friends for help.We admire the great friendship between Marx and Engel, which firmly combined them and pushed them forward on the road to exploring and fulfilling Communism.Friendship isn't almighty, but no one can live happily without it.二十二On Overseas Study
1.有人认为出国留学是个人发展的最佳选择 2.也有人坚持在国内也能实现自己的理想
3.我的看法
With the deepening of reform and opening—up of our country, many people dream of going abroad for further study.They insist that the modern research facilities, world famous professors and excellent environment in those foreign co11eges and universities can help lay a perfect foundation for their future development.However, there are still many people who favor studying at home.They argue that studying abroad is too expensive and therefore doesn‘t pay, They also Point out that there are no language and cu1tural barriers if they study in our country，Just as the old saying goes, ‖Every advantage has its disadvantage.‖ Both opinions are acceptable in some sense.If students have the chance and financial resources, they should seize the opportunity to go abroad and broaden their eyes.On the other hand, if conditions don‘t permit, they can pursue their studies in top universities at home.What counts is not the place where they study, but what they can learn.二十三Private Tutoring
1.为孩子聘请家教目前非常普遍
2.家教的利与弊
3.我的看法
Private tutoring is ―in‖.A recent investigation shows that about 80 percent of pupils have private tutors，Such a popular practice indicates that people are attaching greater importance to education.Many parents, for various reasons，missed the chance of obtaining a good education.when their children meet with difficulties in study, they arc helpless, Private tutoring is the only solution.As private tutoring is usually one-to-one, the teacher knows the strong points as we11 as the weak points of the pupil, clearly.However, private tutoring has its own disadvantages, for one thing, it takes up so much of the pupils‘ time that they can hardly find enough time for rest and entertainment, which are essential for their physical and mental health.For another, some teachers, busy―shuttling‖ from one family to another, tend to neglect their regular teaching duties.What‘s more，some teachers are eager to help pupils do well in the test, offering the so-ca11ed tips for test-taking Father than help them acquire what is more meaningful.Generally speaking, its disadvantages outweigh its advantages.Greater emphasis should be laid on classroom teaching and practice, on the improvement of teaching quality and on the tapping of the pupils‘ potentials.Only in this way can we generation be healthily brought up.二十四Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic City Problems.You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the outline below:
1.越来越多的人涌入大城市，有些问题随之产生
2.比较明显的大问题有
3.我对这种现象的想法。
City Problems
Nowadays, millions of migrant workers flock into cities in search of jobs and better living.However, with the sharp rise in the urban population, many problems arise in the development of cities.Firstly, cities become more and more crowded, putting much pressure upon transportation, housing, sanitation, education, employment and so on.City services and facilities have been strained to a breaking point.Secondly, a growing number of private cars emit huge amount of carbon dioxide, leaving the air mercilessly polluted.What is more, the city is also threatened by rising crime.Not a single day passes without the report of someone being robbed, kidnapped or murdered.Last but not least, city-dwellers are not only separated from the natural world but also isolated from each other, even not knowing the name of their next-door neighbor.All these problems have harmed the attractiveness of the city.Unless there is some improvement, more and more people may seek to live in the suburbs.二十五Direction: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Cars and Air Pollution.You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the outline below:
1.私家轿车越来越多，有些问题随之产生
2.比较明显的大问题有......3.我对这种现象的看法
Car and Air Pollution
Too many cars have created a lot of serious problems in our world.Besides congestion, accidents and fast fuel consumption, cars are responsible for a good part of air pollution in big cities.All the time, they are pumping huge amounts of waste gases into the atmosphere.These gases are very harmful, causing disease and even death.One possible solution is to design and develop clean cars and clean fuels.In Shanghai, some of the public buses begin to run on natural gas, which does not give off as much carbon dioxide as the petrol.But it may take decades for the new models of clean cars completely replace the traditional ones.Another solution is to develop modern public transportation systems and restrict the use of private cars.If the price of petrol rises constantly and the public vehicles are efficient and convenient enough, most people will not buy private cars.And the total number of cars in big cities will reduce greatly.On the whole, the elimination of air pollution needs the collective efforts from the government, the public and the environmentalists 二十六 Overseas Study at an Early Age
1.目前很多父母在孩子高中毕业前就总他们出国学习
2.导致这种趋势的原因是什么
3.我对此的看法
Nowadays more and more parents are eager to send their children to study abroad before they finish high school by whatever means and at whatever cost.It is quite understandable for parents to send their children to study overseas because they place high expectations on their children.They are encouraged by the success stories of those who have completed their overseas study.With the development of economy, companies and institutions at home are giving more and more emphasis on overseas experiences, too.Consequently, pursuing overseas study became a kind of short cut in gaining a better future.Moreover, there is still one underlying reason for this rush-economic reason.The rapid economic progress in the past few years in China has enabled more and more parents to afford the huge cost for their children‘s overseas study.As for me, overseas study is surely a helpful way to get both advanced knowledge and necessary experiences, but overseas study at an early age is neither necessary nor benef1cial.The students may be too young to either tend for themselves or think for themselves.I do think that overseas study can contribute to one‘s self-improvement, but it‘s better to be pursued after one has finished his college study at home, when he is more capable of learning and living on his own.二十七 Statistics of Family Expenses in Shanghai 1980 1990 2000 Food & Clothing 68% 45% 20% Recreation 3% 5% 8%
Education 6% 16% 22%
Health Care 6% 10% 16%
Others 17% 24% 35%
1.根据上图描述该城市家庭支出的变化
2.分析产生这些变化的原因
3.说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响
As is shown in the table above, dramatic changes have taken place in family expenses in the City of Shanghai within two decades(from 1980 to 2000).The most obvious change is in expense on food and clothing, which has dropped by 48%, while those on recreation, education and health care have increased respectively by 5%, l6% and l0%.Expenses on other things keep rising from 17% to 35%.The statistics of rise and fall seem to exist in isolation but are in fact closely related to one another.The most likely factors accounting for these changes are as follows:
Development in economy is the fundamental one.The increased income results in the lowering percentage of food and clothing.That is to say, a small percentage of the total income is enou5h to cover food and clothing expenses.Another factor lies in the development of people‘s concept.When people are well fed and well dressed, they begin to interest themselves in recreation and education.These changes should also be attributed to social reforms.In the 1990‘s, college education was not totally free as it was before, which also accounts for the rising expenses on education.Soon after, the government gradually stopped offering houses to its citizens without charges.People had to save a large proportion of their money for housing.That's partly why the expenses for ''others'' doubled.As for the more expenses on health care, I figure there are two main reasons: the cancellation of free medical care and people‘s awareness of the importance of health.The changes reflect the development of the city and indicate that people are enjoying more.二十八 On Space Project
给《**周刊》宇航专栏的编辑写一封信，说明你对太空探索项目的态度(支持或反对)，并简单陈述你的理由。
Dear Editor，Thank you for your starting a specia1 co1umn jor the discussion on space projects.Frankly, it seems to me that our space projects so far have been in the main a waste of money, time, energy, human lives and resources.The richer countries are pouring large sums of money into space research programs which are of no benefit to human beings while in underdeveloped countries thousands of people are dying of hunger.Besides, many scientists‘ time and energy are wasted, which could have been devoted to improving our living condition.What‘s more, many astronauts have died complete1y uselessly in space vehicles which have been faulty.They were young people who hadn‘t enjoyed the fruit of life yet.Apart from human wastage, there is the wastage of resources which are finite and essential if man is to survive.I think it‘s high time we stopped these meaningless programs.
第二篇：大学英语四级作文常用衔接词
大学英语四级作文常用衔接词
一、根据衔接词本身在文章中起到的作用，主要分为以下四类，即“起”、“承”、“转”、“合”。
（一）表示“起”的词/词组：用于开篇引起的扩展名。
at first 最初
at present 现在；当今 currently 目前；最近first(ly)第一
in the beginning 起初 to begin with 首先；第一 first of all 首先；第一
in the first place 首先；第一 lately 最近
to start with
首先；第一 now 现在
for one thing…(for another)首先……（其次）…… recently 最近
in general 一般来说
on the on hand…(on the other hand)一方面…（另一方面）
generally speaking 一般地说 on the whole 总起来说
It goes without saying that…不用说 presently 现在；此刻
（二）有关“承”的常用词语：用来承接上文。
after/after that/afterwards 此后 after a few days 几天以后 after a while 过了一会 also/too 并且；又 at any rate 无论如何 at the same time 同时 besides 此外
furthermore 而且；此外 in addition 此外
in addition to…除……之外 in fact
事实上
in other words 换句话说 in particular
特别（地）in the same way 同样地 incidentally 顺便提一句 indeed 的确
meanwhile 与此同时 moreover 而且，此外 mo doubt 无疑地 obviously 明显地 of course
当然 particularly 特别地
by this time 此时
certainly 无疑地；当然地 consequently 因此；结果 for example 例如 for instance 例如
for this purpose 为了这个目的from now on
从此 second
第二；第二点 secondly 第二 similarly 同样地 so 所以 soon
不久 still
仍然 then
然后
third 第三；第三点 thirdly 第三
for another
其次
such as 正如 later 后来
truly
事实上；真实地
unlike …不像…；和……不同 what is more 而且；此外
（三）有关“转”的常用词语：用来表示不同或相反的意见
after all 毕竟
all the same 依然；照样 anyway 无论如何
at the same time 同时；然而 but
但是
by this time
此时 conversely
相反地 in/by contrast 对比之下 even though 即使
nonetheless
尽管如此
still
仍然 in fact 事实上
as a matter of fact
事实上 despite 尽管……；虽然…… especially 特别地
fortunately 幸运地
however 然而；无论如何
in spite of 尽管……；虽然…… luckily 幸运地
nevertheless 不过；仍然 though/although 尽管 no doubt 无疑地 notwithstanding 虽然 on the contrary
相反地 otherwise
否则 unfortunately 不幸地
unlike 不像……；和……不同 whereas … 然而…… yet 仍；然而；但是
（四）有关“合”的常用词语：用于小结上文或结束本段落的内容。
above all
最重要的是 as a consequence
因此 as a result 结果
as has been noted 如前所述
as I have said
如我所述 at last
最后
at length
最后；终于
by and large 一般说来 briefly 简单扼要地 by doing so 如此 consequently 因此 eventually 最后 finally 最后 hence 因此 in brief 简言之
in conclusion 总之；最后 in short 简而言之 in a word 总之
accordingly
于是
in sum 总之，简而言之 in summary 简要地说
on the whole 总体来说；整个看来 therefore 因此 thus
因此
to speak frankly 坦白地说 to sum up 总而言之 to summarize 简而言之 surely 无疑
to conclude 总而言之 no doubt 毫无疑问 undoubtedly 无疑 truly 的确 so 所以
obviously 显然
certainly 当然地；无疑地 all in all总之
二、根据衔接词本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义，可分为以下14类。
（一）表示因果关系
as a result He never studied hard, and as a result he failed in the last examination.as a result of He is lat for work as a result of traffic accident.accordingly Ha wanted to buy a radio for study English, and accordingly her mother bought it for him.because(of)We are delayed because of a traffic jam.due to His success is due to his excellent work.owing to Owing to his absence, our meeting is canceled.thanks to Thanks to a good teacher, she passed the examination.now that Now that you have grown up, you must earn for yourself.So long as
You could accomplish your dream so long as you it again and again.since Since you are here now, you’d better give a hand.on account of
We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather.in that The policy is harmful is that it may encourage people to give up.so that The office speaks at the top of his voice so that every soldier could hear him.consequently It rained so heavy , consequently, we cancelled the plan to climb the mountain.hence It is 12 p.m.now , hence you must take a sleep.therefore There is a calculating mistakes there, therefore, the answer is wrong.(二)表示解释关系 as a matter of fact I will go there this morning, as a matter of fact ,I am only 10 minutes’ drive from you.as well I will go there.My friend will me as well.frankly speaking Frankly speaking, I am not very satisfactory with your words.in this case In this case, I will go there as soon as possible.(二)表示解释关系 As a matter of fact I will go there this morning, as a matter of fact, I am only 10 minutes’ drive from you.as well I will go there.My friend will go with me as well.frankly speaking Frankly speaking, I am not very satisfactory with your words.in this case In this case, I will go there as soon as possible.(三)表示推理关系 or else Make haste, or else you’ll be late.otherwise You must bear this passport, otherwise you will be stopped by the guard.if so If so, it will make a great difference.that implies He is in panic now, so that implies he is lying.to put it more precisely He is rather strong, to put it more precisely, he is a little sturdy.under no circumstances Under no circumstances will I go there.(四)表示递进关系 additionally I like playing cards, additionally, playing chess is also my favorite.in addition I need your help.In addition, I also need her support.besides First, we must work hard.Besides, we must work with a creative mind.and moreover The hat is the right size for you, and moreover, it goes well with your skin.that is to say The stock price is declining, that is to say, I am losing money.furthermore She is kind, and furthermore, she's beautiful.in other words I am not hungry, in other words, I really dislike the food in this canteen.equally important You should read more news from newspapers, and equally important, keep an eye on the news from the radio.What's more It is harmful to my health, and what's more, it is no good to my work.last but not least Last but not least, my thanks should go to every member of my class.（五）表示比较关系 equally As a teacher, I should teach well, but equally, I should study well.in comparison with In comparison with the red one, I would like to choose the blue cap.in the same way It is such a coincidence that we figure it out in the same way.in contrast to In contrast to your belief, I quite disagree with you.instead If you don't go, I'll go instead.on the contrary You thought I like it.On the contrary, I dislike it.in contrast It is hot in the daytime, but in contrast it's very cold at night.while We are happy in China, while most Africans live unhappily.（六）表示选择关系 alternatively You may take the exam.Alternatively you take another one next year.either...or Either you or I will go there.rather than In this matter, the parents should be blamed rather than the children.instead of You should be reading books instead of lying there in bed.not...but She is not an English teacher, but a German student.whether...or not I wonder whether you will come or not this afternoon.neither...nor Neither you nor I will go there.He will come this afternoon.（七）表示转折关系 although Although he is old, he still work everyday.despite I will visit him despite the heavy snow.at the same time The little kid brings troubles, but at the same time you can't help liking him.even though Even though she is late, she walks slow.however I planned to go there;the incident suddenly interrupts my normal work.in spite of In spite of the boy's sincerity, the teacher is still very angry.instead It is too hot to go shopping, let’s watch TV at home instead.nevertheless Nevertheless, I would try to make a remedy.regardless of Regardless of age, sex, race and economic level, all men are equal.notwithstanding I have determined, notwithstanding your disapproval.on the contrary I used to think that the result will be good.On the contrary, it turns out to be bad.still race and economic level, all men are equal a4thstanding your disapproval result will be good.On the contrary, it turns out to be bad.It's raining cats and dogs outside;still, I will visit him.though I will visit him though it is raining there.otherwise We must be hurry, otherwise we cannot catch the bus.while Sadness is beautiful while loneliness is tragical.yet He is sentimental sometimes, yet I still like him.（八）表示总结关系 all in all All in all, briefly must cope it well, Briefly, I agree with you on the matter in conclusion In conclusion, the first opinion is much more reasonable than the latter idea.in summary In summary, we cannot fully believe what we heard from others.to sum up To sum up, teaching student is not an easy task to perform on the whole On the whole, the book is extremely valuable.in all In all, it's great to be a father.in short In short, actions speak louder than words.in brief In brief, to help others is to help you rself.in a word In a word, we will win while they will lose.in terms In practical terms, I believe it will work.in sum In sum, it is great to be a teacher.to summarize To summarize, spare the rod, spoil the children.to conclude To conclude, it is tree that we should pay more attention to this problem.（九）表示次序关系 above all Above all, remember to call me when you arrive.afterwards We played the whole day and afterwards walked home together in the evening.eventually Eventually, he rose to the position of vice president.first/firstly/first of all First(ly)/First of all, I'll mention the history.second/secondly Second/Secondly, I will mention the present.furthermore Furthermore, it is not good enough in this respect.finally Finally, I agree with you on this matter.last but not least Last but not least, my personal effort also play a small role in the accomplishment of the task.to conclude To conclude, life is not a battle if you want to be a normal man.lastly Lastly, I must say it will be remembered by people around the world.in the end In the end, they parted each other at the cross road.（十）表示强调关系 above all Above all, the good policy makes us dare to be rich.of course Of course you will fall behind if you don't study harder.indeed I am indeed very glad to see you are well and sound.most important Most important, it is a book for sale first.with great emphasis on He delivered a speech with great emphasis on the solar energy.（十一）表示过渡关系 as regards As regards your school report, I don't quite agree.as to/as for She's very uncertain as to where he is now.by the way By the way, there is a letter for you in the President's office.with reference to With reference to further information, please let me know.with regard to With regard to your score in last examination, I am afraid it is not a good news for you.regarding It is a book regarding the War at Hastings.concerning Nobody has the information concerning his whereabouts.talking of Talking of philosophy, I know little about it.incidentally Incidentally, your proposal has drawn most people's attention.to resume To resume our discussion, how do you think of Lincoln? to get back to the point To get back to the point, have you ever visited Mr.Johnson?
（十二）表示举例关系 as follows The reasons are as follows.a case in point A case in point, Qingdao is such a beautiful city.for example For example, Chairman Mao is such a great hero.for instance There are many advantages, for instance, it can make your book perfect.including There are many children there, including a two-year-old baby.to illustrate To illustrate, I can give you many examples
（十三）表示同指关系 that is There are two persons there, that is, Tom and Jack.in other words In other words, we must finish it before he comes.that is to say Let's go back to the original plan, that is to say, you must go there.（十四）表示时间关系 after a while After a while, he came back with smile on his face.afterwards Tom came in for a cup of tea, then he went out soon afterwards.as long as You may borrow this book as long as you return it.at last At last, we succeed.at length At length he told us the truth.at that time At that time, all people are poor.eventually We waited for her on and on, and eventually she came.finally After a heated discussion, finally he gave up.in the past In the past he was very naughty.meanwhile Tom was listening to the radio, and meanwhile Adam was reading.presently He is presently the president of the U.S.so far So far he's been to China more than 3 times.thereafter Thereafter, they lived a happy life.until I did not feel hungry until midnight.until now He has not come until now.when I used to listen to the radio when I was young.9
第三篇：四级英语作文
预测主题之第十位：友谊
Friendship is a kind of human relations.It is a human instinct to make friends.When in trouble, we need friends to offer us help, support and encouragement.With success achieved, we also need friends to share our joys.Friendship is also one of the greatest pleasures that we can enjoy.It implies loyalty, cordiality, sympathy, affection,and readiness to help.No man can make the most of his life without carefully and conscientiously striving to win the right kind of friends as he goes along.Knowing how valuable friendship is, we should be very careful in making friends.Real friends are those who have good character, superior ability and kindness of heart.Real friends can share all our sorrows and double all our joys.While making friends, we should take care to select those who have such fine qualities.Then we should treat our friends with courtesy, be careful not to interfere unreasonably with them,and not to ridicule their proceedings.We should forgive their failures and do our best to help them.In short, when we have established friendship, we ought to cherish and treasure it by means of words and deeds.Only thus, can we develop real friendship and keep the sacred lamp of friendship burning all our life.预测主题之第九位：压力
As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation.Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night,it is hard to slow down.But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it.In fact, it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be.A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life.It is only when the stress gets out of control can it lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual.Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities.Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties.When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically.In fact, we make a choice between “flight or fight”and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death.The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response.It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart diseases have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.预测主题之第八位：节约
As is vividly revealed in the drawing above, water is being wisely utilized in the daily life of a family.The good conduct is indeed praiseworthy and should be popularized in our society.The implied meaning of the drawing can be stated as follows.To begin with, to practise economy is closely related to our daily life.In terms of our clothing, food, sheltering, and transport, much work can be done to save valuable energy and natural resources such as power, water, coal, gas and so on.We, as university students, should take the wise use of paper and second-hand textbooks into consideration.What’s more, the public participation is the foundation of a society in which to practise economy is advocated and treasured.Since social environment is shaped by the general public, the cultivation of economy-practising society depends on the active involvement of every member of our society, be he old or young.In sum, our daily life should be1
permeated with the sense of practising economy and public participation should be encouraged.In my view, necessary measures should be taken so as to practise economy.On the one hand, we should launch a public campaign to help people build up the sense of practicing economy in our routine life.On the other hand, education on how to practise economy must be promoted by relevant government departments and professionals at different levels.Only in this way can we create a real economy-practising society.预测主题之第七位：健康
Nowadays more and more people are concerned about their health.But how to keep healthy? Different people may give different answers to this question.In my opinion, it is essential to do the following.First, it is absolutely necessary to take some exercise every day.Research shows that getting plenty of exercise make the heart beat faster and the lungs work harder.This strengthens the heart, reduces the chance of heart attack, and helps lower blood pressure.That“s why more and more people are becoming active in various kinds of sports and exercises.Every morning many people get up early and take much exercise.Some practice shadowboxing and swordplay while others run, jog, walk or dance to music.In the afternoon,there are also many people keen on sports.Some play basketball or volleyball or table tennis, others go in for gymnastics or track events.Through sports and exercise, people become healthier and stronger.Medical researchers have proved that what people eat affects their health.They advise people to eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat such as beef and pork because meat contains more fat than poultry and fish.Fat can build up in the arteries, block the flow of blood, and cause a heart attack or stroke.预测主题之第六位：竞争
Competition is a common phenomenon in our social life.We compete when we play games and when we try to do better than others in our study.There is constant competition for academic degrees, jobs, customers, money and so forth.In a sense, competition is one of the motive force to the development of society.In fact, the only way our world reward people is to give laurels to the winners, not to the losers.What is more, by attempting to compete at different activities, we learn to win and lose, gain experience and know our strengths and weaknesses.Competition prepares us for the tough things in life.To go ahead, to acquire possession, we should be competitive.To us, industriousness and ambition are positive values.Whether in games, in study or in business alike, the aim is to win the game, the degree, the trophy(战利品), and the contract.Learning to be competitive is clearly the best preparation for life.预测主题之第五位：纪律
Some people say that the best way to raise children is to them to be independent thinkers.Other people disagree and say that children need to be taught discipline in order to let them successful.In other word, children should either be granted freedom, or be given more discipline.I tend to agree with a policy of firm discipline.The people whose view places emphasis on encouraging children to think freely hope the child will be able to understand and govern the world.The child is considered as an “equal” to the adult.This view has been popular in the western countries, where corporal punishment of children is now illegal.The concept of “rights” for children is part of a wider political movement
that also asserts right for women, animals and environment.Discipline is justified because adults are generally wiser than children.Discipline in childhood fosters(养育)the child for the hardship of his future life.预测主题之第四位：自信
Confidence is power--the power to attract, persuade, influence, and succeed.Imagine what your life would be like if you had an abundance of selfconfidence!Confidence isn”t an inherited trait, it“ s a learned one.This means that you can have an abundance of self-confidence.The very first thing you have to do to create abundant self-confidence is to start thinking with confidence.Pay attention to your internal dialogue, and learn to notice when you allow negativity or doubt to control the course of your thinking.Your environment has a tremendous influence on you.The books you read, the people you spend time with, and the music you listen to all influence the way you think and feel about yourself and the world around you.If you”re in a situation where you"re discouraged, such as an unhealthy relationship or a miserable job, you have to change that situation if you want your self-confidence level to grow.Create an environment that supports you if your desire to have abundant self-confidence.Spend time with confident people.预测主题之第三位：心理
As is apparently betrayed in the bar chart above, at present university students suffer from psychological problems of various kinds, among which spiritual depression, miscellaneous problems, and suicide-committing top the list.What the chart reveals is indeed thought-provoking.The implied meaning of the chart above can be briefly stated as follows.On the one hand, university students are encountering more psychological problems than ever before.The fact can be attributed to many factors.Most university students are overloaded with study and haunted by employment pressure.As young and inexperienced people, they are also facing emotional dilemma and trial of human interrelationship.Besides, some students are in a financial predicament.On the other hand, necessary psychological work for university student is a must for the time being.It is quite shocking that at least forty percent of university students suffer from spiritual depression.The very fact should not be neglected.Effective countermeasures must be taken to reverse the current grim situation.In sum, the psychological problems should be put on our agenda.In my view, great efforts must be made so as to ensure the healthy growth of university students.To begin with, we must have a good understanding the necessity of psychological instruction and guidance among university students.What’s more, government departments at different levels and related organizations should make joint efforts to
第四篇：英语四级作文
It seems to me that the cartoon / drawing is sending a message about ____________（图画内容），which reveals ____________（稍作评价）.In my perspective of view, ____________（表明个人观点）。Apparently, ____________（将个人观点和图片内容相结合，得出观点。）For one thing, ____________（从社会角度论证）.For another thing, ____________（从个人角度说明）.For example, ____________（自己、朋友或他人，只要自己知道或听过的例子）.Last but not least, ____________（从反面角度谈论）.As a result, the drawer of the illustration is urging us to _____________（建议或措施）.Only in this way can we ____________（展望结果）.In conclusion / To my understanding, ____________（再次表明观点或态度）.We should ____________（进一步说明个人的观点）.如果是图标作文,用下面的模版According to the bar chart / pie chart / line graph displays the changes in the number of____________（图表整体趋势）.There was an increase in ____________（图表细节）.At the point of ____________, ____________reaches its peak value of ____________(数据或变化).What has caused these changes? There are mainly three reasons.Firstly, ____________（原因一）.Secondly, ____________（原因二）.The number of ____________ increased over the period.____________ rose by _________ from ________ to ________________.And there were____________.Finally,____________（最后一个原因）.In conclusion / We can safely draw the conclusion that ____________（结论）.Therefore, ____________（进一步谈论更多个人想法）.
第五篇：四级英语作文
We can take a look around with ease,even the moon-cakes are usually placed in many elegant packings.The reason why excessive packing appears so widely is that most of businessmen want to earn more economic gains.As is known to us,it is not necessary to use too many boxes,but some customers believe that the more package it has,the better quality it has,it is this thought that will encourage the trend of excessive packaging.Measures ought to be taken to change the situation.From the point of my view,firstly,laws must be made and implemented to standardize packaging.Besides,education should be launched to let people recognize that packing can’t represent the quality completely!Only in this way will we avoid excessive packing!
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