莫高窟英语导游词 Mogao Caves讲词英文

第一篇：莫高窟英语导游词 Mogao Caves讲词英文

Mogao caves

Good morning my dear friends.Welcome to beautiful Gansu province.I am your tour guide , please take down my cellphone number and if you have any problem, i’d love to serve you.Now we are going to visit the Buddhist art treasure that known to all the world-Dunuang Mogao Grottoes.Mogao Grottoes is 25 kilometers far from the southeast of downtown Dunhuang , it is the world's largest treasure house of Buddhist art.I will take some time to do some simple introductions of the Mogao Grottoes.I believe many of you have heard about the interesting stories or comments about Dunuang Mogao.It is said that once you have been to Grottoes, you are likely to see the general view of the ancient civilization of the whole world.Grottoes is the most brilliant gallery of Buddhist art in the world, the greatest treasure house of Buddhism.The Mogao Caves are the best known of the Chinese Buddhist grottoes and, along with Longmen Grottoes and Yungang Grottoes, are one of the three famous ancient Buddhist sculptural sites of China.Mogao Caves is famous for its profound history.It has a huge size of building scale, and holds a large number of Buddhist mural.The modeling of the statue is extremely awesome and the those of painting and statues have been saved so perfectly.These whole factors made Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes world-wide renown.Every year here would serve so many visitors so that the number of tourist is beyond counting.Because of the great number of visitors, it is a good place for the communication between Chinese and foreign culture.It is also suitable for education in patriotism, because as is known to all, many Buddha statue were destroyed and stole abroad for the commercial purpose.The Buddhist mural in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are unique.The caves themselves are now a popular tourist destination, with a number open for visiting.If we adjoin the totally 45,000 square meters murals one by one, the length of whole mural would reach at least 25 kilometers, the same as the distance from the downtown Dunhuang to the Dunhuang Mogao Caves.A french scholar called it “the library on the wall”.Another name for Mogao Caves is also known as the Caves of the Thousand Buddhas.“Thousand”, this word here does not means a specific concept of number, but indicate the big amounts of caves here.Also because of the huge number of its Buddha statues and mural-painted caves.But the name of Mogao Caves were first found in a cave that excavated during the Sui dynasty---The cave number 423.There was a note of its excavation information, and the name “Mogao Caves” was in the note.But as many famous scenic spot, these Caves also have many stories of its source of name.Unable to agree which is right, there are three major versions of the source: first, it is said that because the cave excavated at such a height on the cliff in the desert.Because in the pronunciation of Chinese character，the word “Desert” is pronounced as “Mo” and the “height” is pronounced as “Gao”, so people took the pronounce “MO” and the “Gao” to use as the name of these caves.Another version supposes that many unearthed Buddhist scriptures and documents accounted during Tang dynasty recorded about the name of mountain group in the range of Dunhuang county.The excavated caves were just located in the mountain group that named Mogao.According to the rules of ancient usual practice, the caves took the same name of the mountain group.The final version was said that “Mogao” means free oneself from the the mortal world.Mogao comes from the pronunciation of Sanskrit.Mogao is just a transliteration.Dunhuang took a special location since Han and Wei dynasty.This land dwelt not only the Han nationality ,but also many ethnic minorities.So it is a multi-culture residence.In ancient times, people passed through Dunhuang to went to the Western Region(a Han Dynasty term for the area west of Yumenguan, including what is now Xinjiang and parts of Central Asia).And the people lived in the Western Region also saw it a main drag to go into the Central Plains(comprising the middle and lower reaches of the Huanghe River).People donate their money to built the brilliant statues and caves, no matter what their social class is and no matter how much money they donate.The company of traveling merchants, emissary from abroad and monks lived in desert prayed for safety.So more and more caves emerged in large numbers.Now we can see the Mogao Grottoes over there, it is backed by Mingsha mountain, confronted Sanwei mountain（三危峰）.The whole scenic spot stretching 1600 metres from north to south.There are 735 caves existed till now.Those caves are different in its size and scattered up and down.The Buddha statues in the caves is so vivid, what’s more, the pretty and charming Flying Apsaras(or FeiTian飞天)，stunning murals and delicate brick, those art treasure compose a beautiful mysterious Buddhist world.Mogao Grottoes originally built in 366 CE, passed through 10 different ancient dynasty.After the Tang dynasty, the site went into a gradual declined, and construction of new cave ceased entirely after the Yuan dynasty.Islam had conquered much of central Asia, and the silk road declined in importance when trading via sea-routes began to dominated Chinese trade with the outside world.During the Ming dynasty, the silk road was finally officially abandoned, and Dunhunag slowly become depopulated and largely forgotten by the outside world.Most of the Mogao caves were abandoned.The site however, was still a place of pilgrimage and used as a place of worship by local people at the beginning of 20th century when there was renewed interest in the site.Now there are about 45,000 square meters murals exist, and about 2400 Buddha statues are preserved.The most greatest statue height 30 meters, and the most widest mural extends 50 square meters.The murals on the caves spanned a long period of history, from the 5th to the 4th century.The murals are largely of Buddhist theme, some however are of traditional mythical theme(传统神话主题）.Early murals showed a strong Indian and Central Asian influence in the painting techniques.But as for a distinct Dunhuang style, however, it began to emerge during Northern Wei Dynasty(北魏）.These fantastic murals shows us the life of ancient society: agricultural production, transportation, architecture, art, music,and dance, folk customs, religious beliefs, ideological change, ethnic relationship, Sino-foreign communication...and so on.And now let’s walk into the cave.The cave were cut into the side of a cliff, which is close to tow kilometers long.At its height during the Tang dynasty, there were more than a thousands caves, but over time, many of the caves were lost, including the earliest caves.735 caves currently exist in Mogao, the best-known ones are the 487 caves located in the southern section of the cliff which places of pilgrimage and worship.248 caves have also been found at the north which were living quarters(住处）, meditation chambers(冥想室）and burial sites(土葬)for the monks.The caves at the southern section are decorated, while those at the northern section are mostly plain.The caves are clustered together according to their era, with new caves from a new dynasty being constructed in different part of the cliff.An important cache of documents was discovered in the so-called "Library Cave” one day in May,1900.A Taoist priest who were responsible for the manage of Grottoes found the cave for preserving Buddhism sutra(佛教经典)by accident.These precious cultural relics finally delivered from oppression.But later these precious relics were stole abroad by devious means.Since then, the miserable destiny of these precious relics began and until now, many relics still exiled abroad in many country, for instance, France，Russia and Japan.In 1910, the Qin Government finally transported these robbed relics to Beijing, but some of relics were lost, stole or destroyed.It made a great lost of archaeology in China.The content of the library was dispersed around the world, and the largest collections are now found in Beijing, London, Paris and Berlin.In 1987, UNESCO listed Mogao Grottoes as the world cultural heritage.Those documents found in the cave mainly recorded religious classics and folk customs that wrote in different languages.Its contents involved different kinds of subjects.It is really significant for the research of ancient religion, politics and culture.Indeed, the research of these lost relics have been bred a new kind of subject---Dunhuangnology.（敦煌学，the study of Dunhuang）

So you may wondering, why did people excavate the caves just for preserving classics? One of version indicate that during the time about the beginning of 11th century, the Xixia dynasty invaded Dunhuang.Monks and believers excavated those caves for preserve Buddhist classics.Another version also related to invasion, it is said that Buddhist monks built the cave to prevented those precious classics from the destroy by Muslims.But after the chaos, some monks died, others escaped or resume regular life, so the huge amount of classics were left in the cave with nobody care for.I guess you can not wait to see the marvelous sculptures in caves, actually，There are around 2,400 surviving clay statues at Mogao.These were first constructed on a wooden frame, padded with reed, then modeled in clay stucco(粘土）, and finished with paint.The early sculptures were based on Indian and central Asian prototypes with some in Greco-Indian(印度希腊王国）style of Gandhara(古印度）.Over time the statues showed more Chinese elements and became gradually sinicized(中国化）.Now we are entering number 328 cave.This cave is significant for its excellent statues.I would like to take up some of your time to do a further introduction of the modeling techniques about colored statues in this cave.The Mogao statues needs tow parts of techniques to model a sculpture---model in clay and decorate with color.The modeling techniques in Mogao can be divided into 3 major aspects: round modeling, floating modeling and shadow modeling(圆塑、浮塑、影塑).The round modeling technique use figurable clay to built a Buddha statue, which is three-dimensional for admire in all directions.While the floating modeling and shadow modeling is majorly use for decorate the 3D statues.For instance, above the vivid Buddha statue is flammule(佛光), craftsman used the technique of floating modeling to show the holy glory.And the shadow modeling skill may used to emerge the smaller statues or beautiful Flying Apsaras(or FeiTian飞天).Among these Buddha statues, the smallest one measured less then one foot, and the greatest one measured more than 30 meters.The Buddha is generally shown as the central statue, often attended by boddhisattvas, along with the statues of Buddua’s disciples and the the statues of Arhan.For the different finished time of statues, the style of them was totally different.For example, the statues built during the Wei-chin period were especially slim in shape and pale in color.Because during this period, entire society admired slim body.The intellectuals were proud of their aspiration, which made them despised the power and sought for freedom.Statues are the main relics of the Mogao Caves.Mostly, the statues appears in form of a combination that one Buddhas may have two attendant Bodhisattvas.The plump style in the modeling techniques in the early days gradually became slim and pale later.Statues from the Sui and Tang periods may be present as larger groups of seven or nine.The craftsman also started to built giant Buddha.As we can see, in the cave number 148 and number 158, there are tow Reclined Buddha statue(卧佛).Both the tow reclined Buddha statues are about 16 meters long.Reclined Buddha also named the Nirvana Buddha statue（涅槃像).One type of caves constructed is the Nirvana Cave, which features a large reclining Buddha that covers the entire length of the hall.The statue shows people the composed and peaceful expression of the Buddha.the Buddha was different from ordinary people---Buddha could bear death with equanimity.More then that, there is a highest Buddha statue in Mogao called The larger northern giant Buddha, which is more than 30 meters in the cave number 96 at the northern part of Mogao Caves.The larger northern giant Buddha had been repaired and restored many times, consequently its clothing, colour and gestures had been changed and only the head retained its original Early Tang appearance.The larger Buddha is housed in a wooden building, originally 4 floors high, but is now a 9-floor structure.And at the southern part of Mogao, a 26 meters Buddha was standing divinely until now.Those marvelous statues were built at the same period.Its artistic style was tend to both dignified and graceful.Particularly the works built during the Tang dynasty, we can even feel the mercy of the Buddha.The high standard of modeling techniques also made the statues like a real body.Cave number 285 best represents the art style of statues during the Western Wei period.Its dome is just like a inverse hopper(覆斗），envelop the square meditation hall(禅室).The notes on the wall tells people the story about why people built the statues after the unity of the Western Wei dynasty.This cave are suppose to be the earliest one that has notes of exact time on wall.The south wall of this cave depicted a story---the story of five hundred robbers become Buddha.It said that once in ancient India, five hundred men rebelled and became robbers.The king sent army to captured them and dug their eyes, banished them in the forest.They were too suffering to bare the tribulation, so they yelled loudly to pray for the relief from Buddha.The great and merciful Buddha showed great mercy and cured their eyes, then taught them with Buddhist idea.Finally these robbers converted in Buddhism, and became the Buddha through their hard self-cultivation(修行).The mural is so vivid that even in our modern life, we can also benefit from the story.That is to say, as long as you have the courage and awareness to put right your weak point, it will never be late to change.One of the central features of Tang art in Mogao is the aspiration of the paradise of the west, indicating the increasing popularity of Mahayana Buddhism in the Tang era.The murals of Tantric Buddhism(密宗), such as the eleven-headed or thousand-armed Guanyin, also started to appear in Mogao wall paintings during the Tang period.The most fully painted caves have painting all over the walls and ceilings, with geometrical or plant decoration filling the spaces, which are above all of the Buddha.They are valued for the scale and richness of content as well as their artistry.The artistry of the murals reached its apogee during the Tang period, and the quality of the work dropped after the tenth century.The paintings often depict jataka tales which are stories of the life of Buddha.One of the central features of Tang art in Mogao is the representation of the paradise of the Pure Land, the paradise of the west.The cave number 220 is a cave that excavated during the early Tang dynasty.The murals on southern and northern wall formerly covered by the murals painted in Song Dynasty.In 1948, when people peeled off the surface, the marvelous Tang dynasty murals was emerge.People astonished at its brand new color and completeness.The murals was extremely brilliant.The murals on southern wall depicted Amitabha in his pure land of Sukhavati(阿弥陀净土变相图).This painting is base on Amitabha Sutra(佛说阿弥陀经), displays scenery of the paradise of the west.The center of the mural is a pond with fencing around.The great and merciful Amitabha is sitting on the lotus seat that under two trees named Shara.Attendant Buddhisattvas(胁侍菩萨)stands beside Amitabha, along with Flying Apsaras(or FeiTian飞天)and those goddesses who are playing the Chinese ancient instrument.It is really a grand sight.In front of the precious pond, there is a colorful platform which is decorate with colorful tiles.The musicians seat on it and playing all kinds of instrument.Two dancing girls are dancing in the center of the platform.They do the tiptoe dance on a round carpet with graceful posture.Their flimsy dress streaming in the air.They devote all their enthusiasm.In 1941, when the painter Zhang Daqian arrived at the caves with a small team of assistants and stayed for two and a half years to repair and copy the murals.He then exhibited and published the copies of the murals, which helped to publicize and give much prominence to the art of Dunhuang within China.And in 1961, the Mogao Caves were declared to be a specially protected historical monument by the State Council, and renovation work at Mogao began soon afterwards.The site escaped the widespread damage caused during the Cultural Revolution.Ok, now we have 30 minutes to enjoy the murals.I’d love to answer your question if you need.

第二篇：敦煌莫高窟导游词

四年三班刘超越敦煌莫高窟导游词

亲爱的游客们：

你们好！我是本次带领你们去敦煌莫高窟的导游，我叫刘超越，大家可以叫我刘导。希望大家玩的愉快，玩的安全，玩的开心。

游客们，我现在要给你介绍一下世界古代艺术宝库——敦煌莫高窟了，请大家请听我讲的话。

敦煌莫高窟坐落在甘肃省三危山和鸣沙山的怀抱中，四周布满沙丘。你们知道吗？莫高窟有492个洞窟，这是一个足以让人震撼的数目。

莫高窟保存着两千多尊彩塑。这些彩塑个性鲜明，神态各异。有慈眉善目的菩萨，有威风凛凛的天王，还有强壮勇猛的力士。还有一尊卧佛长达16米，啊！是多么的雄伟！他侧身卧着，眼睛微闭，神态安详。

这莫高窟不仅有精妙绝伦的彩塑，还有四万五千多平方米宏伟瑰丽的壁画。壁画的内容丰富多彩，有记录佛教故事的、有描绘神佛形象的、有反映民间生活的、还有描摹自然风光的……其中最引人瞩目的，是那成百上千的飞天。壁画上的飞天，有的臂掩花篮，采摘五颜六色的鲜花；有的怀抱琵笆，轻拨银弦；有的倒悬身子，自天而降；有的彩带漂浮，漫天遨游；有的舒展双臂，翩翩起舞……

莫高窟里面还有一个面积不大的洞窟——藏经洞。洞里藏有我国古代的各种经卷、文书、帛画、刺绣、铜像等六万多件。由于清王朝腐败无能，大量珍贵的古文物被帝国主义分子掠走。

今天的旅途要告一段落了，大家在回家的途中要注意安全，不要打闹，希望我们还会相见，再见

第三篇：敦煌莫高窟导游词

莲山 课件 w w

w.5Y k J.cO m文秘

敦煌莫高窟导游词

周一淳

女士们，先生们!欢迎来到历史悠久的敦煌莫高窟。我是你们的导游。大家就叫我老周吧。四大石窟有：龙门石窟，云冈石窟，麦积山石窟，和敦煌莫高窟。其中最大的，可就是敦煌莫高窟了。接下来，就跟着我一起去敦煌莫高窟看看吧！

首先我要向大家介绍：莫高窟的千佛洞。他被誉为20世纪最有价值的文化发现，“东方卢浮宫”坐落在走廊西端的敦煌，以精美的壁画和塑像闻名于世。现有洞窟735个，壁画405平方米，泥质彩塑2415尊，是世界上现存规模最大，内容最丰富的佛教圣地。

各种各样的石窟大小不一。千佛洞的岩壁上雕刻着成千上万的小佛像，每个小佛像虽然只有一寸多高，但头和身子都雕刻得栩栩如生，活灵活现。好了，到下一个景点。

你们看，这个东西是一个九层的遮掩，也叫“北大像”，高36米，是世界第三大佛哦！

莫高窟是一个百宝箱。

好了，游览到此结束。欢迎下次再来！

w.5Y k J.cO m文秘

第四篇：敦煌莫高窟导游词

各位朋友：

你们好。现在我带大家去参观举世闻名的佛教艺术宝库--敦煌莫高窟。莫高窟呀离敦煌市区东南25公里处，我用这段时间，就莫高窟先做一点简单的介绍。

敦煌莫高窟和洛阳龙门石窟、大同的云冈石窟并称为中国三大石窟。莫高窟的开凿比龙门石窟早128年、比云冈石窟早94年。莫高窟以它创建年代之久。建筑规模之大、壁画数量之多、塑像造型之多、保存之完整，其艺术价值之博大精深而闻名天下，享誉国内外。一年中游客接踵而来，络绎不绝，对促进文化交流，传播学说，弘扬民族艺术，进行爱国主义教育起了举足轻重的作用。莫高窟的壁画艺术是龙门、云冈石窟所没有的，是世界上任何石窟寺所无法相比的，它是莫高窟艺术的精髓。如果所45000平方米壁画一张张连接起来将长达25公里，要把这些壁画哪放在路边的话，可以构成个从市区到莫高窟的一条长长的画廊。其规模之宏大，题材之广泛，艺术之精湛，被日本学者称之为“一大画廊”；法国学者称之为“墙壁上的图书馆”；正如一位学者看了莫高窟后感慨的说：“看了离煌石窟就等于看到了世界的古代文明”。

项高窟俗称千佛洞，“千”这个数字在这里不指具体的数目，而是喻指很多，因为这里有许多佛教塑像、壁画的洞窟，所以俗称为“千佛洞”。莫高窟这个名称最早出现在隋代洞窟第423号洞窟题记中，其名称的由来众说纷纭，莫衷一是，大抵有三种说法：其一，是说菲高窟开凿于沙漠的高处而得名，在古汉语中“沙漠”的“漠”和“莫高窟”的“莫”是通假字；其二是说从藏经洞出土的文书和许多唐代文献都记载，唐代沙州敦煌县境内有“漠高山”、“漠高里”之称，据此考证，鸣沙山在隋唐也称漠高山，因此将石窟以附近的乡、里名称命名；其三是说在梵文里“莫高”之音是解脱的意思，“莫高”是梵文的音译。

由于敦煌自汉魏以来，是汉族和许多少数民族聚集杂居之地，各民族文化在这里交汇、融合；敦煌又是西出西域，东入中原的咽喉要道，自古以来，人们笃信佛教，地方的官使吏、豪门贵族、善男信女以及贫苦的老百姓都拿出银两来开窟、造像、绘画作为自己的家庙来供养佛和菩萨；来往于丝绸古道的商人、使者、僧侣等为了祈佑自己能平安突起塔克拉玛干大沙漠，或取福佑，死后进入天国的投资。于是在鸣沙山的崖壁上，大大小小的窟龛不断涌现。

大家看前边有绿色的地主就是莫高窟，它背靠鸣沙山，面对三危峰，窟区南北全长1600多米，现存洞窟492个，洞窟大小不一，上下错落，密布崖面，每个洞窟里面都有栩栩如生的塑像，婀娜多姿的飞天，精美绝伦的壁画，构图精巧的花砖，构成了一个充满宗教氛围的佛国世界。莫高窟始建于前秦建元二年，也就是公元366年，历经北凉、北魏、西魏、北周、隋、唐、五代、宋、西夏、元等朝代，在现存的洞窟中有壁画45000多平方米，塑像2400余身，最大塑像主，30多米，最大壁画约50平方米。这些壁画、塑像，在不同程度上反映了我国从4世纪到14世纪上下延续千年的不同时代的社会、生产、生活、交通、建筑、艺术、音乐、舞蹈、民情风俗、宗教信仰、思想变化、民族关系、中外交往等情况。在我国三大石窟中，莫高窟是开凿最早，延续时间最长，规模最大，内容最丰富的石窟群。在世界文化史上也具有珍贵的价值。有“人类文化珍藏”、“形象历史博物馆”、“世界画廊”之称。

现在我进入洞窟参观，首先我们去参观有名有“藏经洞”。这个洞窟位于系统工程号洞窟甬道的北侧，编号为17窟，洞窟原是晚唐时期河西都僧统洪的“影窟”，有碑文载这一事实。1900年5月的一天，管理莫高窟的道士王圆录在一个偶然的机会，打开了秘百多年的“藏经洞”，这些珍贵无比的文物终于重见天日了，但是清王朝的腐败加之王圆录的愚昧，使这些珍贵的文物遭到了帝国主义分子的肆无忌惮的掠夺和盗劫。1905年沙皇俄国的奥勃鲁切夫来到莫高窟，以六包日用品为诱饵，骗取了一批文物。1907年，英国人斯坦因，仅用数十块马蹄银，劫取了约一万多卷，同时还有佛教绣品和佛画五百多幅，现藏于大英博物馆；1908年法国人伯希和盗走文物六千多卷，现在藏于巴黎法国国立图书馆和吉美博物馆。1911年10月日本大谷光瑞探险队的吉川小一郎和桔瑞超盗走约九百余卷。直到1910年清政府才将被劫余的文物运往北京，收藏在北京图书馆。在运输途中及运到北京后不少文物被偷、损坏、遗失，是中国考古史上一次难以估量的损失。“藏经洞”发现的这些文书内容包括宗教经典和多种文字写的世欲文书，它涉及到许多学科，是研究古代宗教、政治、经济、军事、文化的重要资料，经过国内外学者几十年的研究、开拓出一门全新热门的学科--敦煌学。

那么藏经洞是什么时候、为何密封的呢？一说是：十一世纪初，西夏侵入敦敦煌时为了保护经典而藏；一说是：不用但又不能丢弃的神圣经典存放；再一说是：为了防止伊斯兰教徒破坏而藏。后来收藏了这些经典的僧侣，逃的逃了，还俗的还俗了，死的死了。直到本世纪初发现这个洞窟为止，再没有人知道这件事。

下面我带大家去参观328窟，这个洞窟的精彩所在为塑像，在进入洞窟前，就彩塑的大致情况给大家介绍一下。莫高窟的彩塑有圆塑、浮塑、影塑等几种形式。小的不足盈寸，最大的高34.5米，是世界第四大佛。一般的塑像都是用木头搭架，上面缠上麦秆、谷草、芦苇、麻丝等，然后用特制的粘涂塑，整形雕刻，最后上彩绘画的。塑像主要有四大类：（1）佛像，包括释迦、弥勒、药师、阿弥陀以及三世佛、七世佛；（2）菩萨像，包括观音、文殊、普贤及供养菩萨等；（3）弟子像，包括迦叶、阿难；（4）尊神像，包括天王、力士、罗汉等，另外还有一些鬼神、神兽等动物塑像。由于制作年代不同，风格也截然不同，尤其是魏晋南北朝时期的“秀骨清像”、“曹衣出水”和唐代的“吴带当风”等风格，充分地体现了当时的艺术巨匠超凡的想象和高超的思维。

塑像是石窟的主体，多为1佛2菩萨的组合，前期的粗壮而逐渐演变到后期的清瘦。隋、唐以来出现了一铺七身或九身的群像，也出现了大的造像，如148窟和158窟的两身长16米多的涅槃像、96窟高3405米的北大佛和130窟高26米的南大佛，都是一时期的作品，其艺术风格也趋向雍容华丽，特别是唐代的许多优秀作品，那注入的感情和技巧，给人的印象就像真实的生命体。

285窟是莫高窟西魏时期的代表洞窟，建筑形式为覆斗顶方形禅窟，内有西魏大统四、五年，造像题记，是莫高窟最早的一个有记年的洞窟。

南壁禅窟上面绘有《五百强盗在佛因缘》故事，讲的是：在古印度有五百人造反为盗国王派军队捕获，挖去双眼，放逐山林，他们痛苦不堪，嚎啕大哭，呼唤佛的名号，佛听到后，大发慈悲，用神通力使他们恢复光明，并现身说法，终于使五百强盗皈依佛门。画面非常写实，每个环节都作出细致的描绘，这则故事对今人同样教育意义，只要迷途知返，悬崖勒马，还为时不晚。

220窟是初唐开凿的洞窟。这个洞窟南北两壁面，原来被宋代的壁画覆盖，1948年已残损的千佛画被剥掉后，下面露出了初唐时代的壁画，色彩如初，非常清新鲜丽，保存状态极其完好，而且是非常精美的作品。南壁是根据《佛说阿弥陀经》绘画的“阿弥陀净土变”，中间是栏杆环围的宝池，沙罗双树下的莲花台上坐着阿弥陀佛，以胁侍菩萨为中心，诸菩萨、飞天、伎乐天等众圣云集，场面非常壮观。宝池前有红、绿、黑、白颜色的瓷砖铺设的平台，正面舞台上乐师们在演奏各种乐器，平台中央有两个舞姬，在圆形的地毯上踏着音乐节奏立着脚尖跳舞，羽衣飘动，激烈欢快。英建筑艺术主要指洞窟的形制。石窟本身就是具有立体空间的建筑。前期的洞窟以中心塔柱式为主。所谓中心塔柱式既开凿时就在洞窟的中央留下一个方柱，在柱子的上面开龛，龛内塑像；中期开凿的洞窟相对较大，中心塔柱式被庙堂式即伏头号代替，多数是在洞窟正面墙壁上开较大的佛龛，塑造多身塑像。窟顶为覆斗式，天井彩绘精美的图案，后期开凿的洞窟都比较大，纵深二三十米，称殿堂窟。洞窟中央高有佛坛，佛坛上面塑造多身较大的塑像。除此以外还有禅窟、大佛窟和涅磐窟。从洞窟建筑形式的转变和多样化，反映了古代艺术家们在接受外来文化的同进，融化、成为本民族的东西。另外莫高窟还保存着宋代木结构窟檐五座，以及散布其周围造型独特的舍利塔十几座。加上壁画中彩绘的亭、台、楼、阁、殿、寺院、城池、民居、茅巷、野店等等，构成了莫高窟无比丰富的建筑艺术的宝库，也是一部敦煌建筑史。

第五篇：莫高窟的导游词作文

莫高窟的导游词作文

女士们，先生们，欢迎来到历史悠久的敦煌莫高窟，我是你们的导游，大家叫我小潘吧！敦煌莫高窟可是中国四大石窟之一哦！四大石窟还有：龙门石窟、云冈石窟和麦积山石窟。但是这些石窟都不能和敦煌莫高窟比美，因为敦煌莫高窟可是世界上最大的石窟呢！它的历史也很悠久，它修建于十六国的前秦时期，北朝、隋朝、唐朝、五代、西夏和元朝这几个朝代都修建过。说完了这些，就跟我到敦煌莫高窟中去看看吧！

你们看，这就是敦煌莫高窟西南方向的一个洞窟：西千佛洞，你们猜这个洞有多长吗？一定不知道吧，其实这个洞有2.5公里长呢！这些泥巴彩塑在这个洞里有34个呢，但是整个莫高窟的彩塑就有2415个呢！

各种各样的石窟大小不一，最大的第16窟达268平方米，最小的第37窟才高不到一英尺。莫高窟壁画绘于洞窟的四壁，窟顶和佛龛内。内容非常的博大精深，主要有佛像、佛教的故事、佛教史迹、经变、神怪、供养和装饰图案等七类题材，此外还有很多生活方面的画作。好了，说了那么多，我们就去参观下一个景观吧！

你们看，这个东西是一个九层的遮檐，也叫“北大像”，正立于崖窟中段，与崖顶等高，巍峨壮观。其间有弥勒佛坐像，高36米，由石胎泥塑而成，是除了乐山大佛和荣县大佛之外的第三大佛哦！

好了，敦煌莫高窟游览结束，欢迎有机会再到这里来玩。

亲爱的游客们，大家好!我姓王，大家可以叫我王导。

今天我们要去的地方是敦煌莫高窟。莫高窟又名千佛洞，坐落于中国西部甘肃省敦煌市东南二十五公里处鸣沙山的悬崖上，石窟南北长一千六百余米，上下共五层，最高处达五十米，现存洞窟四百九十二个，壁画四万五千余米，彩塑两千四百一十五身，飞天塑像四千余身，莫高窟规模宏大，历史悠久，与山西省云南石窟、河南龙门石窟并称为中国的“三大石窟艺术宝库。”

莫高窟最初开凿于公元三六六年，至公元一二一七年——一三六八年基本结束，期间经过不断开凿，使莫高窟成为集各时期世界上最庞大、内容最丰富、历史最悠久的佛教艺术宝库，同时也表现出历代劳动人民的杰出智慧和非凡的成就。

莫高窟旁边长满了草，这些杂草不仅在旁边装饰，还长得又高又密，两旁栽了粗壮的大树，便也成了这里一道风景，从远望去，莫高窟在青草绿树之间，多漂亮呀!这就是我们今天要欣赏到的风景。现在我的游览开始，最后说一句：莫高窟确实很美丽，我祝愿大家旅行快乐、心情愉快。

女士们、先生们： 大家好！我是这次敦煌莫高窟一日游的导游，我姓陈，你们就叫我陈导吧！你们的眼前就是莫高窟的大门，想知道莫高窟是什么样的吗？听我慢慢道来。

莫高窟，位于敦煌市东南部，距城约25公里，洞若观火窟开在鸣沙山东的断崖上。它是中国最大的古典艺术宝库，也是佛教艺术中心。

游客们，洞窟数目达到492个，塑像2000尊以上，其中最大者33米，最小者仅10厘米。所以，塑像在莫高窟中最有名。

壁画总面积为45000平方米，若将所有壁画排列起来，就有30公里长。如果说是莫高窟使的敦煌闻名全球的话，那么，使得莫高窟闻名的就首推这些壁画，是旅游时的参观重点。

游客们，你们知道吗？莫高窟始建于东晋太和元年（公元366年）。传说有个名叫乐尊的各党路过此地，忽然见到金光闪耀，似有千佛显现，认为这就是佛家的圣地，遂四处募捐，开掘了第一个石窟。消息传开后，商旅纷纷差使在此修造石窟，以期旅途平安。这样一直延续到元代，经历1000多年。

1987年莫高窟被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产，受最重点的文物保护。

好了，现在我介绍到这儿，请大家漫步欣赏。不能乱扔果皮等垃圾，不能在壁画上乱涂乱画，要保护文物。谢谢。