第一篇：2016届高考英语大二轮复习 第三部分 语法及语法填空 语法讲解 专题二 自由填空 第5讲 名词性从句素能特训
名词性从句
建议用时：45分钟
Ⅰ.语法填空 A．单句语法填空
在空白处填上正确的内容(1个单词)1．[2015·北京丰台区一模]Wonderful Friends, a show on Hunan TV, is about ________ people get along with animals.答案：how 考查宾语从句的用法。从句中不缺少成分，结合语义可知答案是how。句意：奇妙的朋友——湖南台的一栏节目——是关于人类如何与动物相处的。
2．[2015·北京石景山区一模]One key point of his speech on arts is ________ arts should serve the people.答案：that 考查表语从句的用法。从句中不缺少句子成分，也不缺少语义，故填that。句意：他的关于艺术的演讲的重点是艺术应该服务于人。
3．[2015·陕西渭南一模]________ makes the school famous is ________ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to key universities.答案：What;that 考查名词性从句。第一空考查主语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用what；第二空考查表语从句，从句中不缺成分和语义，故填that。句意：超过90%的学生已被重点大学录取使得这所学校闻名。
4．[2015·四川绵阳二诊]Every student may wonder ________ they'll spend the winter vacation.答案：when/where/how 考查宾语从句的用法。从句中不缺少句子成分，结合语义可以填when/where/how。句意：每位学生都想知道他们何时/何地/如何度寒假。
5．[2015·天津十二区县联考]It has been announced that the award will be given to ________ has made the largest donation to charity this year.答案：whoever 考查宾语从句的用法。“to”后的整个句子为其宾语。从句中缺少主语，结合语义填whoever。句意：人们已经公布，这个奖将颁发给在今年给慈善机构捐助最多的人。
6．[2015·陕西宝鸡联考一]________ he considered a great proposal was turned down by the boss at the meeting.答案：What 考查主语从句。从句中缺少主语，且指事，故答案是what。句意：他所认为的好建议在会议上被老板给否决了。
7．[2015·陕西西安八校联考三]As far as I see, there is no possibility ________ he will win the tennis match this time.答案：that 考查同位语从句。从句中既不缺成分也不缺语义，故填that。句意：就我而言，这次的网球比赛他没有赢的可能性。
8．[2015·福建厦门质检]－What impressed you most in President Xi Jinping's New Year Speech? －________ he gave the Chinese people a thumbsup.答案：That 考查主语从句的用法。前句中what提问，后句是一个句子作出回答，因此考查的是主语从句，从句中不缺少成分和语义，所以填that。句意：——在习主席的新年致辞中给你留下印象最深的是什么？——他给全体中国人民竖起大拇指。
9．[2015·北京海淀区期末]This room isn't actually ________ I wanted when I made my reservation.答案：what 考查表语从句。从句中缺少wanted的宾语，且指事，故用what。句意：这个房间事实上并不是我预定时想要的房间。
10．[2015·重庆巴蜀中学一模]It really matters ________ he treated the latest failure, for the examination is around the corner.答案：how 考查主语从句。从句中不缺少句子成分，结合语义可知答案是how。句意：他如何对待最近的失利真的很重要，因为马上要考试了。
B．语篇语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。[2015·河南郑州质量预测二]Two weeks before Christmas, two little girls were walking down the street __1__ they saw old Harry, who was on his knees pulling weeds around a tree.He wore a pair of worn gloves.His fingers were sticking out __2__ the ends, blue from the cold.They stopped to talk to him.Harry told them he __3__(get)the yard in shape as a Christmas gift for his mother, who had died several years before.“My mother was all I had.She loved her yard and trees, so I do this for her every Christmas.”
His words touched the girls and soon they __4__(join)him, pulling weeds.When they finished, Harry pressed acoin into each of their hands.“I wish I could pay you more, but that's all I've got right now，” he said.The girls had often passed his house, and theyremembered that it had always been __5__ poor condition.No decorations to add cheeriness were anywhere in sight.As they walked on, the coin in one little girl's hand seemed to burn a hole of __6__(guilty).The next day she called her friends __7__ they agreed to put their coins in a jar marked “Harry's Christmas Gift”.Then they began to seekout small jobs to earn more.Every coin they earned went intothe jar.Finally, they had enough __8__(buy)new gloves.OnChristmas Eve they were on Harry's doorstep singing carols.They presented him with the gloves.With __9__(tremble)hands, he held the gloves to his face and wept.No doubt he once again felt __10__ love of others as the girls reached out to him.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________
This is my experience.I __15__ in a household where my mother and stepfather wore guns and __16__.They always came home with __17__； some I could hear, and some __18__ in the kitchen.We gathered together at night with my two younger sisters to watch TV as a family: “Rescue 911” “America's Most Wanted” “Law & Order”—all the 90s cops shows.We watched “Picket Fences” until the __19__ where the cop killer got off, and my mother and I had our first uncomfortable conversation when I said he might be __20__.After that, we had to boycott(抵制)the show.本文通过“我”和母亲之间的一次不愉快的谈话，阐述了我们彼此对警察枪杀人的不同看法。
1．A.forgive C．free praise“表扬”；free“释放”。故D项正确。
2．A.soul C．throat 故B项正确。
3．A.another C．this
B．any D．that B．air D．case B．praise D．accuse 答案：D 通读全文可知，“我”希望他们控告(accuse)他。forgive“原谅”；答案：B 母亲的声音刺破了天空(air)。soul“心灵”；throat“喉咙”；case“实例”。答案：A “我”吐了口气，知道要和“我”的妈妈——这位退休的警察(cop)有另外一场不愉快的谈话了。another“又一，另一”；any“任一”；this“这”；that“那”。由最后一段的“our first uncomfortable conversation”可知，A项正确。
4．A.cop C．housewife
B．justice D．lawyer 答案：A 参见上题解析。最后一段的第二句中也有提示，母亲是警察。justice“法官”；housewife“家庭主妇”；lawyer“律师”。故A项正确。
5．A.But C．And so“因此”；yet“然而”。故C项正确。
6．A.watched C．saw feel“感到”。故C项正确。
7．A.naturally C．mildly
B．seriously D．anxiously B．touched D．felt B．So D．Yet 答案：C “我”对妈妈说：“他手无寸铁，而且(And)还是个孩子”。but“但是”；答案：C 在她的脸上，“我”明白了(saw)这一点。watch“看，注视”；touch“触摸”；答案：B 她严肃地说：“你不知道整个故事，你没有看见证据。”naturally“自然地”；seriously“严肃地”；mildly“温和地”； anxiously“忧虑地”。故B项正确。
8．A.if
B．when
乐表演”。故B项正确。
18．A.delivered C．tasted
B．enjoyed D．whispered 答案：D 一些故事“我”能听到，而有些是在厨房里小声说的。whisper“低语”；deliver“发表”；enjoy“欣赏”；taste“尝”。故D项正确。
19．A.adventure C．incident
B．accident D．contradiction 答案：C 在这位杀人的警察免去了这次事件(incident)的罪责之前，我们一直在看“Picket Fences”。adventure“冒险”；accident“事故”；contradiction“矛盾”。故C项正确。
20．A.lucky C．flexible
B．innocent D．ridiculous 答案：B 当“我”说他可能是无辜的(innocent)的时候，“我”与母亲有了第一次不愉快的谈话。lucky“幸运的”；flexible“灵活的”；ridiculous“荒唐的”。故B项正确。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A [2015·吉林长春质检三]Raised in a motherless home, my father was extremely tightfisted towards us children.His attitude didn't soften as I grew into adulthood and went to college.I had to ride the bus whenever I came home.Though the bus stopped about two miles from home, Dad never met me, even in severeW1 weather.If I grumbled,_he'd say in his loudest fathervoice, “That's what your legs are for！”
The walk didn't botherW2 me as much as the fear of walkingalone along the highway and country roads.I also felt lessthan valued that my father didn't seem concerned
aboutP1 mysafety.But that feeling was canceledW3 one spring evening.It had been a particularly difficult week at college after long hours in labs.I longed for home.When the bus reached the stop, I stepped off and dragged my suitcase to begin the long journey home.A row of hedges(树篱)edged the driveway that climbed the hill to our house.Once I had turned off the highway to start the last lap of my journey, I always had a sense of reliefW4 to see the hedges because it meant that I was almost home.On that particular evening, the hedges had just come into viewP2 when I saw something gray moving along the top of the hedges, moving toward the house.Upon closer observation, I realized it was the top of my father's head.Then I knew, each time I'd come home, he had stood behind the hedges, watching, until he knew I had arrived safely.I swallowedW5 hard against the tears.He did care, after all.On later visits, that spot of gray became my watchtower.I could hardly wait until I was close enough to watch for its secret movement above the greenery.Upon
reaching home, I would find my father sitting innocently in his chair.S “So, my son, it's you！” he'd say, his face lengtheningW6 into pretended surprise.S句式仿写
原文：Upon reaching home，I would find my father sitting innocently in his chair.(现在分词作宾补)译文：一到家，我就发现父亲故做天真地坐在他的椅子上。
仿写：He found__his_son_surrounded by letters and papers and looking_upset.他发现他儿子周围都是书信和论文，并且看起来非常的担忧。
B [2015·河北石家庄一模]Picking a university is a tenseW1 period of asking yourself which institution is most relevantW2.That's why university rankings play such
a vital role in students searching for their next academic direction.S Rankings are also an inescapable part of the reputationW3 and brand image of universities.“No university website is complete without the claim to be in the top 100 for something or other，” reported the BBC.The reason is simple: rankings help them to attract students, staff and research investment.Currently there are numbers of university rankings, and each has its own list of criteria.But the main categories are the same: academic reputations, graduates' performance and faculty resources.However, experts point outP1 the ranking process isn't entirely reliable.Mark Kantrowitz, a US financial aid researcher, said university rankings were mostly just for show.He wrote in The New York Times, “It may give your parents better bragging rights, but that's about it.”
Moreover, it's not difficult to see the limitations of university rankings.Many rankings focus onP2 the number of times research work is cited(引用)by other researchers.It helps British and US universities to dominate global rankings because English is the favored language of academia, John O'Leary, a member of the QS Global Academic Advisory Board, told The Guardian.Also, rankings such as QS mainly focus on the qualities of the university rather
thanP3 its students.“Any university ranking is likely to help students make better decisions about where to study, but the need to balanceW4 them with other more human factors is also important，” said Phil Moss, an education and admissions consultant.“Advice from graduates or current students can be valuable in providing a genuine insight into the experience or quality of a particular degree program.It can also add an element that rankings can never conveyW5—the actual emotion of a university experience.”
在选择大学时除了要考虑排名外，还要考虑毕业生或在校生的建议。5．Why do universities consider rankings important? A．Rankings make them more appealing.1．point out 指出„„ 2.focus on 集中 3．rather than 而不是 S句式仿写
原文：That's why university rankings play such a vital role in students searching for their next academic direction.(表语从句)译文：那就是为什么大学排名在学生搜寻下一个学术方向时起到至关重要作用的原因。仿写：The problems are how_we_should make_full_use_ of/make the_most_ of_the_modern_technology.问题是我们该如何充分利用好现代技术。
第二篇：2012高考英语一轮复习同步攻关 语法部分 第10讲 名词性从句学案
第10讲 名词性从句
【定义】一个句子在另一个句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语，相当于名词，故称为名词性从句。
【四大从句】名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句
一个句子在另一个句子中充当主语，即句子充当主语，该句子称为主语从句。【完成例句】
根据句意选词填空(that, if, whether, why, when, what)(1)That he will succeed is certain.(2)Whether he will go there is not known.(3)What he said is not true.(4)When the meeting will be held has not been decided yet.【结论】 ①that－从句，从句为一个句意完整的陈述句，没有具体意义，不充当句子成分，只起标志性作用，但that 不能省略。
②whether －从句，从句来源于一般疑问句，whether不能省略，意为“是否”，不能用if替换。
③特殊疑问词－从句，从句来源于特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词不能省略，意思为特殊疑问词本来的意思，在从句中充当句子成分。【疑难1】Who he is is none of my business.【疑难剖析1】任何从句要用陈述句语序，即主谓语序。
【疑难2】That he likes English is known to us all.What he said at the meeting made me sad.【疑难剖析2】主句时态为过去时，从句时态为过去的某一时态；主句时态为现在时或将来时，从句时态视具体情况而定。
【疑难3】That 2010 Asian Games are successful is known to all.【疑难剖析3】单个句子作主语，视为单数。
【疑难3】It is a pity that you didn't go to see the film.用心 爱心 专心 1
It doesn't interest me whether you succeed or not.It is in the morning that the murder took place.It is John that broke the window.【疑难剖析3】1．主语从句通常由it充当形式主语，而本身放在句子末尾。2．it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who / whom。3.用it 作形式主语的常用结构
① It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句 It is a fact that„事实是„„
It is an honor that„非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that„„„是常识 ②It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句
It is natural that„很自然„„
It is strange that„奇怪的是„„ ③It is ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句
It seems that„似乎„„
It happened that„碰巧„„
It appears that„似乎„„ ④It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句
It is reported that„据报道„„
It has been proved that„已证实„„
It is said that„据说„„
【疑难5】It is said that Chairman Hu will visit our school next week.(√)
That Chairman Hu will visit our school next week is said.(×)【疑难剖析5】主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况： 1.if 引导的主语从句不可位于复合句句首。
2.It is said / reported„结构中的主语从句不可提前。
3.It happens / occurs„结构中的主语从句不可提前。
用心 爱心 专心
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(√)
That he failed in the examination occurred to him.(×)4.It doesn't matter how / whether„结构中的主语从句不可提前。
It doesn't matter whether he is wrong or not.(√)
Whether he is wrong or not doesn't matter.(×)5.含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。Is it likely that it will rain in the evening？(√)Is that will rain in the evening likely？(×)
【疑难6】 what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What you said yesterday is right.That she is still alive is a consolation.【疑难剖析6】 what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，而that则不充当任何成分。
二、宾语从句
在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句是宾语从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。【完成例句】
根据句意选词填空(that, if, whether, where, what，who)(5)I heard that he joined the army.(6)①She did not know what had happened.②I wonder whether you can change this note for me.(7)She told me that she would accept my invitation.【结论9】①由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略)，that在从句中不充当任何成分。
②由what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
③whether(if)引导的宾语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，意为“是否”。
【疑难1】引导宾语从句时if和whether的区别 I asked her if / whether she had a bike.They discussed whether they will go back right now.用心 爱心 专心
We're worried about whether he is safe.I don't know whether or not he will come.I don't know whether to go.【疑难剖析1】引导宾语从句时用if和whether都可以，但有只用whether的特殊情况：动词discuss后；介词后；whether与or not连用时； whether to do。【疑难2】I am afraid(that)I've made a mistake.【疑难剖析2】作形容词的宾语时，可以省略that。【注意】下列形容词后常跟that引导的从句作宾语：
anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content等。(有时也将此类词后的that 从句看作原因状语从句。)【疑难3】We heard it that she would get married next month.【疑难剖析3】it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾(特别是在带复合宾语的句子中)。【疑难4】I admire their winning the match.(√)
I admire that they won the match.(×)【疑难剖析4】后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词有：
allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。
【疑难5】He impressed the manager as an honest man.(√)
He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.(×)
【疑难剖析5】有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that－从句”结构中，这类动词常见的有envy，order，accuse，refuse，impress，forgive，blame，denounce，advise，congratulate等。
【疑难6】我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
I don't think this dress fits you well.【疑难剖析6】否定的转移：若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。
用心 爱心 专心
三、表语从句
在复合句中作表语的名词性从句为表语从句，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。【完成例句】 根据句意填空
(8)The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.(9)This is why we can't get the support of the people.(10)But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.(11)The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.【结论1】
①完整陈述句充当表语时用that引导，且不可省略；
②表“是否”含义时用whether；
③语义不完整时根据情况选用对应的特殊疑问词，如what，when，where，why等；
④两种特殊句型：the reason is that„和It is because„等结构。
四、同位语从句
在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句为同位语从句。【完成例句】 根据句意选词填空
(12)The king's decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.(13)The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.【结论】同位语从句对名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，可以接同位语从句的名词主要有：fact, information, problem, decision, suggestion, proposal, order等。
【疑难1】同位语在句子中的位置
He got the news from Mary than the sports meeting was put off.【疑难剖析1】同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。【疑难2】同位语从句与定语从句的区别
The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。
用心 爱心 专心
The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。
【疑难剖析2】(1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时可以在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语)，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
(2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述名词的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词的具体内容进行补充说明。
用心 爱心 专心 6
第三篇：2018年江苏高考英语专题一语法知识：第6讲名词性从句
第6讲 名词性从句
1．We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to 20，half of________ it used to charge.(2017·江苏，26)A．that
C．what
答案 C 解析 考查宾语从句。句意为：我们选择这家旅馆，因为这里一晚的价格降到了20美元，这是它以前要价的一半。从句意看，本句的half of部分在句中作 20的同位语，由此可知这里要用what引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，同时what在宾语从句中又作charge的宾语，因此选C。
2．Every year，________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.(2017·北京，23)A．whatever
C．whomever
答案 B 解析 考查主语从句。句意为：每年，在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人会赢得奖品。whoever无论谁，表泛指，在句中作主语，相当于anyone who。whomever在句中只能作宾语，不合题意；whatever任何„„的事物；whichever无论哪个，无论哪些。
3．Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street，not knowing ________ she was heading.(2017·北京，26)A．why
C．how
答案 B 解析 考查宾语从句。句意为：简沿着绿树成荫的街道漫无目的地走着，并不知道要去哪里。why为什么；how怎样；when什么时候。
4．She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn’t.(2017·天津，4)A．when
C．whether
答案 C 解析 考查宾语从句。句意为：她问我是否已将那些书还给了图书馆，我承认还没还。when
B．where D．what B．where D．when B．whoever D．whichever B．which D．how 什么时候；where在哪里；what什么，均不符合语境。
5．It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.(2016·江苏，21)A．why
B．what C．as D．that 答案 D 解析 考查主语从句。句意为：通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。本句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的名词性从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，故要用that引导。
6．The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.(2016·北京，29)A．what
C．whether
答案 B 解析 考查表语从句。句意为：雨季最令人愉快的事情是人可以完全不受灰尘的袭扰。分析句子结构可知is后的表语从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，故选B。
7．The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.(2016·天津，11)A．whether
C．which
答案 B 解析 考查同位语从句。句意为：经理提了个建议——我们应雇个助手。要做的工作太多了。分析句子结构可知，空格后的同位语从句用来解释说明suggestion的具体内容，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故选B项。
8．Your support is important to our work.________ you can do helps.(2016·北京，24)A．However
C．Whatever
答案 C 解析 考查主语从句。句意为：你们的支持对我们的工作很重要，无论你们做什么都会有帮助。从句动词do需要宾语，且引导主语从句，故用whatever。
9．________ Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some won’t accept it.(2015·江苏，25)A．That
C．Where
答案 C
B．Why D．How B．Whoever D．Wherever B．that D．what B．that D．why 解析 考查主语从句。句意为：李白，一个伟大的中国诗人，其出生地是众所周知的，但也有一些人不接受它。“Where Li Bai...was born”是主语从句，表示“李白出生的地方”。10．I truly believe ________ beauty comes from within.(2015·北京，33)A．that
C．what
答案 A 解析 考查宾语从句。句意为：我真的相信美来自人的内心。宾语从句意思完整只缺连接词，故选A。
11．________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.(2015·北京，35)A．Where
C．Why
答案 B 解析 考查主语从句。句意为：我们怎样理解事物与我们所感觉到的东西有很大关系。分析句子结构可知“________ we understand things”为主语，结合句意可知选B。
12．If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate ________ is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.(2015·浙江，6)A．what
C．that
答案 A 解析 考查宾语从句。句意为：如果你在河里或湖里游泳的话，务必调查清楚水面之下有什么。水中经常隐藏着石头或树枝。分析句子结构可知，此处investigate后接了宾语从句，从句缺少主语，故用what引导。
13．A ship in harbor is safe，but that’s not________ ships are built for.(2015·安徽，25)A．what
C．why
答案 A 解析 考查表语从句。句意为：船停在港口里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。that’s not后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，故选A。why和when是连接副词，不能作宾语；whom指人。
14．—I wonder ________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.—By working out every day.(2015·福建，29)A．where
C．why
答案 B
B．how D．if B．whom D．when B．who D．whoever B．How D．When B．where D．why 解析 考查宾语从句。句意为：——我想知道玛丽这些年是如何保持了那么好的身材。——通过每天锻炼。根据回答by doing可知问的是方式。
15．You have to know ________ you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.(2015·湖南，26)A．what
C．where
答案 C 解析 考查宾语从句。句意为：你如果要计划到达那里的最好的方法，就得知道自己要往哪里去。分析句子结构可知，know后的______ you’re going是宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where。
16．Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for ________ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.(2015·陕西，19)A．what
C．why
答案 A 解析 考查宾语从句。句意为：读了多丽丝·莱辛的传记，我对她在文学上获得的成就钦佩不已。分析句子结构可知，介词for后接的是宾语从句，从句中缺少achieve的宾语，故用what引导。
17．The exhibition tells us ________ we should do something to stop air pollution.(2015·四川，8)A．where
C．what
答案 B 解析 考查宾语从句。句意为：这个展览告诉了我们为什么我们要阻止空气污染。宾语从句缺少状语，故选项C、D错误；where表示地点，不符合题意，故选B，why表示“„„的原因”。18．We must find out ________ Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.(2015·重庆，8)A．when
C．where
答案 A 解析 考查宾语从句。句意为：我们一定要搞清楚Karl什么时候来，以便我们给他订房间。由句意可知，要给Karl订房间，那么就要清楚他来这里的时间，故选when。19．—What a mess！You are always so lazy!—I’m not to blame，mum.I am ________ you have made me.(2014·江苏，26)A．how
C．that
B．what
D．who B．how D．why B．why D．which B．that D．how B．that D．who 答案 B 解析 考查表语从句。句意为：——这么乱！你总是这么懒！——妈妈，要怪也不应当怪我啊。我这么懒也是你娇惯出来的。分析句子结构可知，I am后是表语从句，引导词what在从句中作me的补足语，相当于the one/person that，即I am the one/person that you have made me.。
20．Pick yourself up.Courage is doing ________ you’re afraid to do.(2014·福建，34)A．that
C．how
答案 B 解析 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导一个宾语从句，且引导词在从句中作do的宾语，故用what。
B．what D．whether
1．介词后面一般不接that引导的宾语从句，此时需要用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。
You may depend on it that they will support you.你放心，他们会支持你的。
2．某些动词如enjoy，hate，have，hide，like，love，appreciate，take等后面不能直接跟宾语从句，需要用it作形式宾语，再把从句放到后面。I would appreciate it if you could help me.如果你能帮我，我会很感激。
3．reason作主语，表语从句只能用that引导，不能用why或because引导。The reason why he didn’t attend school was that he was ill.他没来上学的原因是他病了。
4．动词doubt用在疑问句或否定句中时，其后的宾语从句常用that作连接词；用在肯定句中时，连接词用whether或if均可，而不用that。名词doubt用在疑问句或否定句中时，一般用that引导同位语从句；用在肯定句中时，一般用whether引导同位语从句。I doubt whether/if he is at home.我怀疑他是否在家。
There is no doubt that they can complete the task ahead of time.毫无疑问他们会提前完成任务。
5．whether可引导所有名词性从句。whether引导的从句能用作介词的宾语；whether能用在discuss，decide后引导宾语从句，还可以和or not直接连用，但以上三种情况均不能用if。Are you talking about whether he will come? 你们是在谈论他是否会来吗？ I don’t care whether I can get it or not.我不在乎我是否可以得到它。
6．“wh-＋ever”既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句；“no matter wh-”只能引导让步状语从句，可以和“wh-＋ever”互换。
He would believe whatever I said.我说什么他都相信。
Whatever/No matter what I said，he wouldn’t listen to me.无论我说什么，他都不会听我的。7．what和that引导的名词性从句的区别：
what在名词性从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语和定语；that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，无任何意义。What the lecturer said is very valuable.演讲者讲的话非常有用。
That she will refuse the offer seems unlikely.看起来她不太可能会拒绝这项提议。
1．What the doctors really doubt is ________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.(2017·灌南高级中学检测，25)A．when
C．whether
答案 C 解析 句意为：医生真正怀疑的是我母亲能否从严重的疾病中快点恢复。空处引导的是表语从句，表示“是否”，故用whether。
2．________ surprises me most is that she doesn’t even know where the difference between the two lies.(2017·灌南高级中学检测，28)A．That C．Who
答案 B 解析 句意为：最让我惊讶的事情是她甚至都不知道两者之间的差异在哪里。what在主语从句What surprises me most中作主语。that引导的表语从句中包含一个where引导的宾语从句。3．The rising house prices in most cities have aroused concerns among young migrant workers ________ they can’t afford themselves a house.(2017·镇江期中，29)A．whether
B．where B．What D．Which B．how D．why C．what
答案 D
D．that 解析 句意为：大多数城市房价的上涨引起了年轻农民工的担忧，他们无力负担自己的房子。本题考查同位语从句，解释说明concerns，从句的句子成分完整，故填that。4．—China never lacks access to quality animation productions.—You can say that again，but the difficulty lies in ________ Chinese people translate them successfully and adapt them into the market.(2017·盐城亭湖高级中学段考，27)A．what
C．where
答案 D 解析 句意为：——中国从来不缺高质量的动画作品。——你说的没错，但是困难在于中国人如何成功翻译它们并使它们适应市场。介词in后为宾语从句。根据句子结构可知，从句不缺主语或宾语，排除A项；根据句意可知，从句缺少方式状语，应用how引导宾语从句，故选D项。
5．I think ________ Aesop was suggesting is ________ when you offer a good turn to another human being，one can hope that good deed will come back and sort of pay a profit to you，the doer of the good deed.(2017·溧水高级中学二模，32)A．which；that
C．what；that
答案 C 解析 句意为：我想伊索所建议的是，当对他人做好事时，人们希望善行会回来，并给行善的人带来好处。think后的宾语从句中缺少宾语，故用what引导宾语从句同时在从句中作动词suggesting的宾语，is后是表语从句，在该表语从句中含有一个when引导的时间状语从句，整个句子句意成分完整，故用that引导表语从句，故答案为C。
6．There seems to be some doubt about ________ Ann will attend the meeting.(2017·宿迁青华中学月考，35)A．when
C．what
答案 B 解析 句意为：安是否参加会议似乎还有疑问。介词about后是宾语从句，that从句不作介词的宾语，排除D项；从句成分完整，排除A、C项，故正确答案为B。7．________ counts is ________ all those trapped in the building have been rescued.(2017·南京九中模拟，27)A．It；that
B．What；because B．whether D．that B．that；that D．that；what B．when D．how C．Which；because
答案 D
D．What；that 解析 句意为：重要的是那些被困在大楼里的人们已经得救了。what引导主语从句且充当主语；is之后为表语从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，故用that引导，故选D。
8．We may look at the world around us，but somehow we manage not to see it until ________ we’ve become used to suddenly disappears.(2017·南京学情调研，27)A．when
C．what
答案 C 解析 句意为：我们可以看看我们身边的这个世界，但是我们却设法以某种方式无视它的存在直到我们习以为常的东西突然消失。分析句子成分可知，连词until的后面为状语从句，状语从句的谓语动词disappears的前面为主语从句。在主语从句中，介词to的后面缺少宾语，结合句意可知what符合题意。
9．—The rent of our flat will see a 20% rise this year? —Yes.That’s ________ I have compromised with the flat owner.(2017·南通、扬州、泰州、淮安三模，32)A．what
C．how
答案 B 解析 句意为：——我们公寓的租金今年会涨20%？——是的。那就是我跟房东妥协的地方。根据句子结构可知，设空处引导一个表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用where作地点状语，故选B项。
10．The problem ________ he will have his college education at home or abroad remains untouched.(2017·南京三模，23)A．how
C．that
答案 B 解析 句意为：他将在国内或国外读大学，这个问题仍未提及。分析句子结构可知，本句是同位语从句，用来解释说明problem。根据句意可知，B项符合语境。
11．The infrastructure of a country is ________ makes everything run well，including things like transport，irrigation，electricity and schools.(2017·苏锡常镇四市二模，22)A．which
C．where
答案 D
B．that D．what B．whether D．when B．where D．when B．where D．why 解析 句意为：一个国家的基础设施是使得一切能正常运行的东西，包括交通、灌溉、电和学校之类的东西。is后是一个表语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，且没有范围限制，用what，故选D项。
12．I’ve come to learn that the best time to debate with family members is ________ they have food in their mouths.(2017·南京、盐城一模，30)A．how
C．whether
答案 D 解析 句意为：我已经逐渐认识到与家人辩论的最佳时间是他们的嘴里有食物的时候。分析句子成分可知，系动词is后面是表语从句。从句中缺少状语，结合句意可知when符合题意。13．—What do you think it is that has contributed to his huge success? —________ he keeps focusing on what he is doing.(2017·南通一模，34)A．Because
C．Whether
答案 D 解析 句意为：——你认为是什么促成了他巨大的成功？——他把注意力集中在他正在做的事情上。分析空处所在句可知，该句句子结构、意义完整，用that引导主语从句，从句中what he is doing 为宾语从句。故选D项。
14．Hard work，along with dedicated revolutionary spirit is the fundamental guarantee to success，which is ________ we should learn from the pioneers participating in the Long March.(2017·苏锡常镇四市一模，32)A．that
C．what
答案 C 解析 句意为：艰苦奋斗以及甘于奉献的革命精神是取得成功的根本保障，这是我们应该从参加长征的先辈身上学习的东西。分析句子成分可知，系动词is的后面为表语从句，从句中谓语动词learn的后面缺少宾语，结合句意可知what符合题意。
15．The argument doesn’t hold much ground ________ family backgrounds offer graduates an advantage in the career competition nowadays.(2017·南通一模，21)A．where
C．which
答案 B 解析 句意为：如今家庭背景为毕业生们提供了职业竞争上的优势，这样的观点站不住脚。结合句意并分析句子成分可知，空后的句子指的是争论点的内容，是argument的同位语从句，B．that D．when B．where D．how B．How D．That B．that D．when 在这个同位语从句中，句子不缺少成分，所以用连词that。故选B。
16．As I opened my eyes，in ________ direction I looked，I could see smiling，peaceful，calm and content faces.(2016·南通调研，34)A．whatever
C．whichever
答案 C 解析 句意为：当我睁开眼的时候，无论往哪个方向看，我都能看到微笑、安宁、平静和满足的脸庞。in 为介词，后面是宾语从句，根据句意用whichever表示“无论哪一个方向”，故C正确。
17．—Where are you living now? —I’ve moved to ________ you know my grandpa once lived.(2016·苏锡常镇四市一模，28)A．which
C．where
答案 C 解析 句意为：——你现在住在哪里？——我已经搬到，你知道的，我爷爷曾经住过的地方了。move to后为宾语从句，从句中的you know为插入语，my grandpa once lived缺少地点状语，故用where引导宾语从句。
18．There is no doubt，from my point of view，________ matters is not what happens to you，but what you remember and how you remember it.(2016·泰州一模，22)A．what that
C．what if
答案 D 解析 句意为：在我看来，重要的不是发生了什么，而是你所记得的以及你记住它的方式，这是毫无疑问的。from my point of view为插入语，There is no doubt结构中，that引导同位语从句，从句中还含有主语从句________ matters，该主语从句缺少主语，故用what。19．Didn’t it occur to you ________ we could have solved the problem in an easier way？
(2016·南通、扬州、泰州调研，25)A．that
C．how
答案 A 解析 句意为：难道你没有想到我们本可以用更简单的办法解决这个问题吗？这是一个主语从句，it 代替后面的句子作形式主语，根据句意，从句叙述的是事实，而且不缺少任何成分，所以关系词选用that，故A正确。
20．It is known to us all that ________ we learn at present is closely linked with our future.B．whether D．why B．that that D．that what B．that D．what B．however D．wherever A．how
C．whatever
答案 C
B．whether D．whichever 解析 句意为：众所周知，我们目前所学的任何东西都与我们的将来有密切的关系。本题中that引导的是主语从句，而主语从句中还包含主语从句，______ we learn at present作从句的主语。通过对句子结构的分析，不难发现learn缺少宾语，应用whatever作learn的宾语。whichever表示一定的范围，可排除。
第四篇：【名师测控】(浙江专版)2018年中考英语特训总复习第三部分中考专项突破篇第36课时语法填空
第36课时 语法填空
语法填空主要考查学生理解语篇的能力、分析句子结构的能力及熟练运用语法的能力。题型设置为一篇留空的短文，一般为10个空，要求学生在理解短文的基础上，根据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个合适的词或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。短文题材多种多样，多为记叙文或说明文。短文难度一般，很少有超出课标的生词。学生只要平时对此类题型多加训练，通常很容易得分。短文长度通常在150～230词左右。
下面分别从考查的两个方面简单说一下其解题方法。1．对于给出提示词的空
(1)若所给单词为动词，一般会围绕时态、语态、第三人称单数形式，尤其是非谓语动词进行考查，有时也会考查该动词的名词形式。这就需要根据上下文语境及分析句子成分加以判别。
(2)若所给单词为名词，一般会从它的形容词、副词形式、名词所有格、名词单复数形式等方面考查。(3)若所给单词为形容词或副词，一般会考查它的比较级、最高级形式或者其副词或形容词形式。这就需要掌握形容词变副词的相关规律以及形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的构成形式。
2．没有提示词的空
这类题型相较上面的而言，略有难度。因为没有任何提示信息，学生一定要弄清短文的含义及所填词的词性、类别等。并结合平时所学的语法知识，作出答案预测，对于有把握的答案可先填入空格内，然后逐一解决困难的选项。一般而言，没有任何提示的空常会考查如下内容：
(1)冠词：此类题一般是对固定短语中冠词的用法进行考查。如：a lot of，an amount of，the same as。(2)介词与动词搭配，构成动词短语的副词：此类题多涉及动词与介词、副词的搭配(如：pick up，break down)、形容词与介词的搭配(如：be interested in，be astonished at)或相关介词短语(如：at a low price，as a matter of fact)。
(3)代词：此类题常考查人称代词、物主代词、反身代词以及it作形式主语、形式宾语及含it的相关搭配等。
(4)连接词：此类题要求根据上下文的语意逻辑关系，填入合适的连接词。此类题主要分为两部分，一是并列连接词(如：and，but，or，however，therefore，not only… but also，on the other hand)，二是主从复合句连接词(即从句的引导词，如：that，which，who，whom，where，when why，how)。
(5)固定句式：这就要求学生们在平时的学习过程中多积累和掌握一些常用的固定句式及搭配。如：“Why not …？”“There is no doubt that…”“spend…(in)doing sth.”。
Hi Simon，I haven't written till now.I've been busy with the course and making new friends 1.________ I got here.I'm speaking English with my classmates all the time and going out in the evenings with 2.________(they)．We're a real mix of nationalities：Chinese，Russian，Italian，Spanish…We talk about kinds of things 3.________English and I'm learning a lot about other languages and countries too.My host family are very nice.The parents are very 4.________(friend)and kind.The children are both in primary school 5.________they are very sweet.But they can be a bit annoying(恼人的)too.If we have to watch the film Frozen together one more time，I'm going crazy！I know all the 6.________(song)by heart now!We live near the school.It's a short bus ride from Edinburgh city centre.There is 7.________ ancient castle(城堡)and we're going there next week.Yesterday my Italian friend invited me 8.________(watch)the free street shows.We 9.________(see)a magician doing card games—it was so much fun!I 10.________(send)you some photos of Edinburgh Castle next time.Take care and let me know how you are doing.Fran 【解析】1.since 句意：自从我来到这儿，我就一直忙于课程和交新朋友。根据空格前后的时态可知，此处应填连词since，意为“自从”。
2．them 句意：我总是和我的同班同学说英语，晚上的时候和他们一起出去玩。此处空格在句子中作宾语，故用they的宾格形式them。
3．in 句意：我们用英语谈论各种事情。in English为固定搭配，意为“用英语”。
4．friendly 句意：父母亲很友好，很善良。be动词后应用形容词friendly，意为“友好的”。5．and 此题可参考上一句进行作答。句意：两个孩子都在上小学，并且都很可爱。6．songs all修饰可数名词的复数形式。
7．an 句意：有一座古老的城堡，我们打算下周去那里。此处需填一个不定冠词，又因ancient的发音以元音开头，故其前用an修饰。
8.to watch 考查invite sb.to do sth.结构，意为“邀请某人做某事”。9．saw 由上一句可知，是在叙述过去的事情，故此处需用see的过去式saw。
10．will send/am sending/am going to send 由表将来的时间状语next time可知，此处要用一般将来时态。句意：我打算下周给你寄一些爱丁堡城堡的照片。
A
Many years ago，in a small village，1.__an__ old man was hired to clear the spring(泉水)up on the mountain.He took care of the spring every day，and 2.__swept__(sweep)away all the leaves and other things 3.__that__ would make the water dirty.Soon，beautiful swans(天鹅)came to the clear spring，and the village became a popular attraction for visitors.Years passed.One evening the town leaders 4.__held__(hold)a meeting.As they looked at the salary list，one of them said “Why do we keep this old man on year after year? I don't think we need him or his work.” Later，the old man 5.__was__told__(tell)to leave.For several weeks，nothing changed.When early autumn came，the leaves began to fall off the trees，and the spring was covered 6.__with__ leaves.A few days later，the water was much 7.__darker__(dark)．Only a few months after the old man left，all the swans left，and the tourists didn't come 8.__either__．
Then they realised their mistake and rehired the old man.A few weeks later，the spring began to clear up.Soon new life returned to the village.So，my friends，do you see? No matter 9.__how__ small your work seems to be, never look down 10.__upon__ it.Anything we can do will make a difference.B
More recently，most Americans remember 1.__what__ they were doing when the World Trade Centre in New York was taken down by terrorists.It is one of the 2.__biggest__(big)events in American history.Even the date—September 11st，2001—has 3.__meaning__(mean)to most Americans.This was a day Peter Hunt will never forget.In May 2001，he 4.__found__(find)a job in the World Trade Centre.On September 11st，2001，he arrived at his building at around 8：30 am.He was about to go up 5.__when__ he decided to get a coffee first.He went to his favorite coffee place even though it was two blocks east from his office.As he was waiting in line with other office 6.__workers__(work)，he heard a loud sound.Before he could join the other people outside to see what was going on，the first plane had already hit his office building.They stared 7.__in__ disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.He felt 8.__lucky__(luck)to be alive.Kate Smith will never forget the date too.Now she still remembers working in her office near the two towers.“My friend Mike shouted suddenly that a plane just hit the World Trade Centre!I didn't believe 9.__him__ at first.But then I looked out of the window and realized that it was true.I was scared and I could hardly think 10.__clearly__(clear)after that.”
September 11st，2001—the date alone means something to most people in the US.C
An empty chocolate box doesn't have much use to most people.But a group of Chinese teens have used the box and other waste to make some 1.__useful__(use)musical instruments，giving their waste a new use.Ming Yue，a middle school student in Beijing，is one of the students.She and the rest of the students have made a lot of musical instruments 2.__out__ of ordinary trash.The chocolate box is used to make a pipa，a 3.__traditional__(tradition)Chinese musical instrument.The students use the box，the leg of a 4.__broken__(break)chair and some strings(线)to create a pipa.The students choose waste to use.With a teacher 5.__helping__(help)them，they make the trash into useful instruments.Teng Baohua，the teacher of the class，says，“We have created more 6.__than__ twenty kinds of instruments so far，such as drums，guitars and some traditional Chinese instruments.”
Teng says that the students are bringing in their own waste to use，such as chopsticks，bottles and 7.__boxes__(box)．
Chang Cheng，a worker from 8.__an__ organization called Friends of Nature，says transforming waste into musical instruments 9.__is__(be)a new way to recycle waste.“Their behaviour will encourage more people 10.__to__protect__(protect)our environment，” he says.D
Like most Chinese，Mr.Zhang has a traditional family.1.__Both__ he and his wife are middle school teachers while their 6yearold son is a pupil.Mr.Zhang's mother lives with 2.__them__(they)and helps look after the kid.They love one another and live a happy life.Yesterday was Mr.Zhang's
mother's
birthday.The
couple
wanted
to
do
something 3.__to__show__(show)their love for her.After a big dinner，Mr.Zhang 4.__brought__(bring)a basin of warm water and asked his mother to sit in front of the basin.He took off her shoes and put her 5.__feet__(foot)into the water.After that，he began to wash them carefully.His wife helped to comb his mother's hair 6.__slowly__(slow)．Seeing this，the boy followed his mother's example.He tried to comb his mother's hair 7.__too__.But he was not tall enough to do that.So he brought a chair and stood on it.Everyone could feel the 8.__warmth__(warm)and love in the family.As we all know，respecting the old and 9.__taking__ care of the young is a good Chinese tradition.We should try our best to care for our family.We must visit our parents as often as possible，and spend time with them even 10.__though/if__ we may work far away.Indeed family is a place for happiness.4
第五篇：【新课标人教版】2012届高考英语一轮复习精品学案：语法部分 第13讲 it的用法及强调句型
第13讲 it的用法及强调句型
it的用法
一、it作指示代词 【完成句子】
用one，ones，it，that，those填空(1)— I can't find my watch.— You haven't found ______？ If you want to buy a new ______，I suggest you buy ______ made in China.(2)We've got a big cup and two small ______.(3)The weight of an elephant is much greater than ______ of a tiger.(4)The books on the first shelf are easier than ______ on the second shelf.(5)The boy told his story and ______ of the girl upstairs.【答案】
(1)it;one;one(2)ones(3)that(4)those / the ones(5)that / the one 【结论1】
①指代上文提过的事物时，it指的是同名同物，相当于the＋名词；
②one指的是同名异物，表示单数可数名词相当于a ＋名词；a / an＋形容词＋one等于a / an＋形容词＋名词；复数形式用ones；
③that后面常有后置定语，有特指意义，代替不可数名词或单数可数名词，相当于the＋名词；
④复数名词用those，相当于the ones。【例句观察】
— Someone is knocking at the door.Who is it? — It must be Leo.He said he'd come to see me.【结论2】it指代人时，常指小孩或身份不明的人。【例句观察】
It's too quiet in the room.Everyone just keeps silent.【结论2】it可用以指代环境或情况。【完成例句】 根据语境补全句子
(6)— What time is it now? — It's half past seven.(7)— It is spring now and it's warm these days.【结论4】 it可用以指代时间、季节、天气或距离。【注意】 it指代时间时，有如下一些句型：
(1)It is time for sth.(for sb.)to do sth./ that－从句(should do / did, 必须用虚拟语气)例： ① It's time for lunch.② It's time for us to clean the house.③ It's time that we should clean the house.＝It's time that we cleaned the house.(2)It is / has been ＋ some time ＋ since－从句(从句用一般过去时)(3)It / This is the first / second…time that－从句(必须使用现在完成时)这是某人第……次做了某事。
It / That was the first / second…time that－从句(必须使用过去完成时)例：①It is the second time that she has visited the Great Wall.②This was the first time that I had come late to school.(4)It was ＋时间点 ＋ when －从句
例： It was evening when we got home.＝It was evening in which we got home.(5)It was / will be ＋ some time ＋ before －从句 例：①过了5年他们才从北大毕业。
It was five years before they finally graduated from Beijing University.②不久，我们就要从我们学校毕业了。
It won't be long before we graduate from our school.二、it作形式主语 【完成例句】
根据语境补全句子
(8)It is possible for me to make a tour around the world.【结论】代替由不定式、动名词或从句所表示的真正主语。为平衡句子，通常把不定式作主语改为it 作形式主语。
三、it作形式宾语 【例句观察】
①How did it come about that so many people were attacked? ② She feels it hard to get in touch with her old friend.③ Mobile phones make it possible for us to keep in touch anywhere.④ I have made it a rule to get up early.【结论1】
①it可以用在某些固定句型中，例如：
How did it come about that－从句意为“……怎么发生的？”
②it 作形式宾语常用结构有：代替由不定式、动名词或从句所表示的真正宾语。常见结构有：
主语＋ think / consider / find / feel / make / believe / regard ＋it＋adj./ n.(for sb.)to do.【例句观察】
I consider it no good chatting with strangers through the Internet.【结论2】主语＋ think / consider / find / feel ＋it＋ no good / use doing sth.【例句观察】
I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.【结论3】主语＋hate / dislike / love / like ＋it ＋ when－从句，表示对某一情况的喜好或厌恶。【例句观察】
I really appreciate it if you could help me with my math.【结论4】主语＋appreciate ＋ it＋ if－从句 【例句观察】
①You must see to it that the doors are locked before you leave the lab.②You can depend upon it that we won't give up.③I answer for it that she is an honest girl.【结论5】主语＋see to / answer for it＋ that－从句(确保……)主语＋depend on it ＋that－从句(指望，确信……)
四、带it的一些固定词组
1．(You've / I've)got it.懂了，明白了 2.Forget it.算了吧，别在意，没关系。3.take it easy 别着急，慢慢来；别过于紧张 4.make it 办得到，做成功
5.make it ＋时间 把……定在(某时)6.It / That(all)depends.那要看情况而定。7.It can't be helped.没有办法。/ 这是不可避免的。8.It is hard to say.情况很难说。9.It comes to nothing.没有什么结果。10.Don't mention it.不用谢。11.That's it.对了；正是。12.catch it(口语)被责骂； 受处罚 13.Believe it or not.信不信由你。
14.It doesn't matter.没有关系； 不要紧； 15.When it comes to…当谈到……； 当涉及…… 16.Keep it up.再接再厉。强调句型
一、强调句型的基本用法
1．强调句结构：It is / was ＋ 被强调部分＋that＋ 句子的其余部分。2．句型解读：
(1)it是引导词，强调的内容可以是句子的主语、宾语、状语。如果被强调的部分是人，that 可用who代替，其他情况一律用that。
(2)验证强调句的方法： 去掉It is / was…that 结构后，可以把被强调的部分与句子其余部分还原为一个完整的句子。
二、强调句型的考点 【例句观察】
(1)It was Edison who invented the lamp.(2)It is Edison who invents the lamp.【结论1】注意时态的一致性。原句中用的是过去的某种时态，用it was…that…；原句中用的是现在或将来的某种时态，用it is…that… 【例句观察】
It is I that am your English teacher.【结论2】当被强调的部分是主语时，注意保持主谓一致。【例句观察】
He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.(对画线部分进行强调)→ It wasn't until he finished his homework that he went to bed.(强调句)【结论3】not …until …结构用于强调句中，not 要提前到until之前，放在be动词后。即：It wasn't until …that ＋句子的其余部分。【例句观察】
Was it not until he finished his homework that he went to bed? 【结论4】强调句的一般疑问句形式：Is / Was it ＋ 被强调部分＋ that＋句子的其余部分。【完成句子】
When was it that he went to bed? 【结论5】强调句的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词＋ is / was it＋ that ＋ 句子的其余部分。【例句观察】
I really don't know when it was that he went to bed.【结论6】含有强调句型的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，注意用陈述语序。【疑难】It is in the city where he was born that he works.他工作的地方是他出生的那个城市。
【疑难剖析】强调句中的被强调部分含有一个定语从句，要注意区别、分析。It is / was ＋被强调部分＋定语从句＋that(who)＋句子的其余部分
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