只能作表语的形容词

第一篇：只能作表语的形容词

只能作表语的形容词

我们知道形容词的两个基本句法功能就是作定语和表语。但英语中有些形容词却只能（或总是）用作表语，而不用作定语。这类形容词的作用是，说明主语所处的暂时状态，并不具有一般形容词的那种描绘特性。表语形容词有以下几类：

1．很多以a-开头的形容词，如asleep，afraid，awake，alone，aware，alive，ablaze等是表语形容词。这类形容词之所以不能作定语用是因为在历史上，形容词中的a-原为介词，作in（在……之中）解，所以，其实质上是一个介词短语，当然不能作前置定语。例如： The wooden house was quickly ablaze．这座木房子很快就着火了。这类形容词在使用中要注意以下几点：

1）以a-开头的形容词虽不能作前置定语，但却可以放在名词后作后置定语。（详见本版《单词形容词作后置定语》中第二种情况）

2）以a-开头的形容词作表语时，一般不与very这类形容词连用。例如，我们不说very awake，而要说wide awake（完全醒着）；同样我们用fast asleep（沉睡，酣睡）代替very asleep；我们说very much alone，all alone（非常孤独），而不说very alone。

3）这类以a-开头的形容词中有些像alike（相同），alone（单独），amiss（差别），afire（燃烧着），adrift（漂流），afloat（漂浮），afoot（徒步）等，既是表语形容词，又是副词，要注意它们的用法。试比较：

The two brothers look very much alike．兄弟二人长得很像。（形容词）He treated all customers alike．他对所有的顾客一视同仁。（副词）2．一些表示身体健康状况的形容词，如ill，well，unwell，fit，poorly等，都是表语形容词。例如：

She is feeling faint（poorly）．她感到头晕（身体不舒服）。-How is your father？---你父亲身体好吗？

-He is ill（unwell ／well）．---他病了（不舒服／身体好）。这类形容词使用时要注意以下三点：

1）sick，healthy这两个常用表示身体健康状况的形容词不是表语形容词，sick既可以用作定语，又可以用作表语；healthy只能用作定语。例如： He is a very sick man．他是一个重病人。

The child has been sick for half a month．这个孩子已病了半个月了。John is a very healthy boy．约翰是一个身体很健康的孩子。

2）在这些词中，有的也可以用作定语，这时它们的意义就变了。例如：illhealth（不健康），illnews（坏消息），illluck（不幸），ill consequences（不良后果），illbreeding（教养很差），a fainthope（一线希望），faintidea（模糊的想法）。 3．有些形容词，当表示某种特定意义时，也总是用作表语。如lit（点着的），content（满意），unable（不能），worth（值），glad（高兴），present（出席），ready（准备好），fond（喜欢）等。例如：

He was content with the result．他对结果表示满意。

Most of the committee members were present at the conference．大多数委员出席了会议。

这类表语形容词也可作后置定语，意义相同；大多数也可作前置定语，但意义有所不同。试比较：

She is ready to set off．她准备好动身。

She always has a ready answer．她总是有现成的答案。He is fond of sports．他爱好体育运动。She is a fond mother．她是一位慈母。

第二篇：形容词或形容词短语作状语

一、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示行为方式或伴随状况。有时，它会像非限制性定语从句一样，表示意义上的增补，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。例如：

1.Crusoe stared at the footprint, full of fear.（＝Curose, who was full of fear, stared at the footprint.）克鲁索两眼死盯着脚印看，内心里充满着恐惧。

2.He approached us, full of apologies.（＝He, who was full of apologies, approached us.）他连声道歉地朝我们走过来。

二、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示原因。这种状语一般位于句首，有时也可位于句中。例如：

1.Angry at the girl oversleeping, Mr Green went down to wake her up.（＝Mr Green went down to wake up the girl because he was angry with her for oversleeping.）格林先生下去叫醒她，是因为她睡过了头惹恼了他。

2.Lin Tao, glad to accept the suggestion, nodded his agreement.（＝Because he was glad to accept the suggestion, Lin Tao nodded his agreement.）

因为林涛很乐意接受这个建议，所以他就点头同意了。

三、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示时间或条件。这种状语通常位于句首，也可位于句末。例如：

1.Ripe, these apples are sweet.（＝When / If these apples are ripe, they are sweet.）这些苹果熟了，味道很甜。

2.Enthusiastic, they are quite cooperative.（＝When / If they are enthusiastic, they are cooperative.）

他们热心时是很愿意合作的。

四、形容词或形容词短语可以作让步状语。这种状语常由连词or连接的两个或两个以上的并列形容词构成，一般位于句首，有时也可位于句中。例如：

1.Right or wrong, he always comes off worst in an argument because of his inability to speak coherently.（＝Whether he is right or wrong, he always comes off worst because of his inability to speak coherently.）

由于讲话语无伦次，所以不论有理没理，他在辩论中的表现总是非常糟糕。

2.Wet or fine, he got up at six and took a walk in the park.（= Whether it was wet or fine, he got up at six and took a walk in the park.）

不管是晴天还是下雨天，他总是六点钟起床，并到公园里散散步。

五、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示结果或存在的状态。这种状语在句中的位置比较灵活。例如：

1.For a moment she just stood there, unable to believe what had just happened.她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，不敢相信刚才发生的事情。

2.One woman was lying in bed, awake, listening to the rushing wind.有一个女人躺在床上，毫无睡意，静听那疾驰而过的大风。

六、形容词或形容词短语可以在句首作状语，表示说话人的态度。例如：

1.Strange, he should have done such a thing.奇怪，他做了这样一件事。

2.Worse still, the lion could even carry off the baby it its mouth.更糟糕的是，狮子甚至能把婴儿叼走

第三篇：过去分词作定语和表语练习

过去分词作定语、表语练习

1.The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.A.being blown down

C.blowing down

B.blown down

D.to blow down 2.The Emperor’s New Clothes is an ______ text.All of us are ______ about it.A.exciting;exciting

C.excited;exciting

B.excited;excited D.exciting;excited 3.With ______ leaves ______ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.A.falling;burying

C.fallen;burying

B.fallen;buried D.falling;buried 4.—I’m very ______ with the dish I cooked.It looks nice and smells delicious.—Mm.It does have a ______ smell.A.pleasant;pleased

B.pleased;pleased D.pleased;pleasant

C.pleasant;pleasant

5.I have read plenty of books ______ by Lu Xun.A.written B.wrote

C.writes

D.writing 6.His nephew, ______ at sea when he was fifteen, had been his only relative.A.losing

B.loses

C.lost

D.being lost 7.They had beef and ______ for supper.A.smoking fish

B.fish smoking

C.fish to smoke

D.smoked fish 8.She asked if there was anything _______ for tonight.A.to plan

B.planned

C.that plans

D.planning 9.I became ______ after watching too much television.A.bored

B.boring

C.bore

D.bores 10.I felt ____ by his interest in my new invention.A.encourage

B.to encourage C.was encouraged

D.encouraged 11.Don’t wake up the______ child.A.sleep B.slept C.sleeping D.sleepy 12.Thousands of products ____ from coal are now in daily use.A.made B.make C.making D.to make 13.Engines are machines ___ power or motion.A.produce B.producing C.produced D.which producing 14.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _____ as the plane was making a landing.A.seat

B.seating

C.seated

D.to be seating 15.The flowers________ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A.to smell

B.smelling

C.smelt

D.to be smelt

16.People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.A.live

B.to live

C.lived

D.living

17.I smell something __________ in the kitchen.Can I call you back in a minute?

A.burning B.burnt C.being burnt D.to be burnt 18.The music of the film______ by him sounds so ______.A.playing, exciting

B.played, excited C.playing, excited

D.played, exciting 19.It is said that her job is ________.A.keeping the offices clean.B.to keep the offices clean.C.keep the offices clean.D.kept the offices clean.20.The sound we heard last night was so_____.A.frighten

B.frightened

C.to be frightened

D.frightening.答案1-5 BDBDA 6-10CDBAD

11-15CABCB

16-20DADAD

第四篇：形容词的作定语的排列顺序

形容词的作定语的排列顺序

限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠；

县官行令杀国材。

县，表示限定词； 官，指的是冠词； 行，表示性质的定语； 令，表示年龄； 杀，表示颜色； 国，表示国籍； 材，表示材料。

其中，“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。

前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数； 中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；

后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如:both my hands、all half his income等。

“描绘”性形容词如：beautiful、bad、cold、great等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示“形状”的词 如：round square等。“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。

“材料”的词如：wooden, woolen, stone,silk等。

“作用类别”的词如：medical, college，writing desk，police car等

第五篇：表语从句练习

1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that B.if C.when D.whether

2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.A.because B.that C.for D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it

A.where B.there C.there where D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted

A.who can we get B.what we can get

C.who we can get D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that B.if C.whether D.不填 6.The reason is_________I missed the bus.A.that B.when C.why D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that B.when C.why D.what

8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like C.as D.as though 9.—I felt sick!

--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why B.when C.what D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that B.what C.why D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what B.where C.that D.why

13．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you B.That；how you are C.How；that you are D.What；how you are 14.The trouble is__________we are short of tools.A.what B.that C.how D.why that

15.America was __________was first called ―India‖ by Columbus.A.what B.where C.the place D.there where

16.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being D.what it was used to be

17.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that B.That … what

C.What … what D.That … what 18.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.such

19.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？（NMET1999）A.why B.what C.when D.where.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.（1998 上海）A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.It’s how

21.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.（06 全国）A.when B.which C.where D.what

22.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?(2003北京春)

---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited

23.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.（2004湖北）A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which 24.-I drive to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that __you had a few days off?(NMET1999)A.why B.when C.what D where 25.The question is ____it is worth visiting.A.if B.as if C.whether D.how 26.This is _____it happened.A.what B.when C.that D.how 27.This is ____ the city lies.A.which B.what C.where D.when 28.He was ill.That is ____he didn’t come yesterday.A.when B.why C.how D.that 29.That was ___ I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School.A.because B.why C.how D when 30.The problem is ____we can master modern science and technology in a short time.A.if B.that C.what D.how 31.–Doesn’t Mr.Smith live on this street?

-No.This is ____Mr.Brown lives.A.which B.where C.how D.that 32.The reason why he has been such a success is ____he never gives up.A.what B.where C.how D.that 33.–what is that building?

-___the garden equipment is stored A.that’s where B.There is in which C.the building is D.That’s the building which 34.Our village is no longer ____over twenty years ago.A.what was it

B.what it was

C.the village what was

D.what was the village 35.___you are the first one here.A.it seems that as if B.it seems as if that c.it seems as if D.It seems that as though 36.My hope is ___he will become a doctor in the future.A.if B.whether C.that D.what 37.it was ___they were used as an advertisement for the shop.A.because B.which C.what D.if

答案：1-5DBACC

6-10ACDDC

11-15CBDBA

16-20AACAB

21-25DAAAC

26-30DCBAD

31-35BBABC

36-37CA 2