第一篇：罪己诏汉武帝原文翻译
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原文内容：
上乃下诏，深陈既往之悔，曰： 前有司奏，欲益民赋三十助边用，是重困老弱孤独也。而今又请遣卒田轮台。轮台西于车师千余里，前开陵侯击车师时，危须、尉犁、楼兰六国子弟在京师者皆先归，发畜食迎汉军，又自发兵，凡数万人，王各自将，共围车师，降其王。诸国兵便罢，力不能复至道上食汉军。汉军破城，食至多，然士自载不足以竟师，强者尽食畜产，羸者道死数千人。朕发酒泉驴、橐驼负食，出玉门迎军。吏卒起张掖，不甚远，然尚厮留其众。曩者，朕之不明，以军候弘上书言“匈奴缚马前后足，置城下，驰言‘秦人，我B323若马’”，又汉使者久留不还，故兴遣贰师将军，欲以为使者威重也。古者卿大夫与谋，参以蓍龟，不吉不行。乃者以缚马书遍视丞相、御史、二千石、诸大夫、郎为文学者，乃至郡属国都尉成忠、赵破奴等，皆以“虏自缚其马，不祥甚哉！”或以为“欲以见强，夫不足者视人有余。”《易》之卦得《大过》，爻在九五，匈奴困败。公军方士、太史治星望气，及太卜龟蓍，皆以为吉，匈奴必破，时不可再得也。又曰：“北伐行将，于鬴山必克。”卦诸将，贰师最吉。故朕亲发贰师下鬴山，诏之必毋深入。今计谋卦兆皆反缪。重合侯得虏候者，言：“闻汉军当来，匈奴使巫埋羊牛所出诸道及水上以诅军。单于遗天子马裘，常使巫祝之。缚马者，诅军事也。”又卜“汉军一将不吉”。匈奴常言：“汉极大，然不能饥渴，失一狼，走千羊。” 乃者贰师败，军士死略离散，悲痛常在朕心。今请远田轮台，欲起亭隧，是扰劳天下，非所以优民也。今朕不忍闻。大鸿胪等又议，欲募囚徒送匈奴使者，明封侯之赏以报忿，五伯所弗能为也。且匈奴得汉降者，常提掖搜索，问以所闻。今边塞未正，阑出不禁，障候长吏使卒猎兽，以皮肉为利，卒苦而烽火乏，失亦上集不得，后降者来，若捕生口虏，乃知之。当今务在禁苛暴，止擅赋，力本农，修马复令，以补缺，毋乏武备而已。郡国二千石各上进畜马方略补边状，与计对。
译文：
前些时，有关部门奏请要增加赋税，每个百姓多缴三十钱，用来增加边防费用，这样做会明显加重老弱孤独者的负担。如今又奏请派兵到轮台去屯田，轮台在车师（今新疆吐鲁番西北）以西一千余里，上次开陵侯攻打车师时，虽然取得了胜利，迫使车师王归降，但因路途遥远，粮草缺乏，死于路上的就有数千人，更何况轮台还要往西呢！过去是朕一时糊涂，仅凭一个名叫弘的军候上书说：匈奴人捆住马的四蹄，扔到城下，说要送马给我汉朝，再加上匈奴长期扣留汉使不让回朝，所以才派贰师将军李广利兴兵征讨，为的是维护汉使的威严。古时候，卿大夫提出的倡议，都要先求神问卜，得不到吉兆是不能施行的。因此，贰师将军这次出征前，朕曾普遍地征询朝廷诸位大臣和某些地方长官的意见，他们都认为‘匈奴人捆缚自己的战马，是最大的不祥’，或者认为‘匈奴人是向我国显示强大，而实际上他们的力量并不充足，只不过是故意向人显示自己力量有余而已’。那些负责求神问卜的方士和星象家们也都认为‘是吉兆、匈奴必败，机不可失’。又说：‘遣将北伐，至山必胜。卦辞显示，诸将中，以派贰师将军前去最为合适。’所以朕才派遣李广利率兵出征，并告诫他务必不要深入匈奴腹地。可谁曾想，那些计谋和卦辞全都与事实相反。后来抓到的匈奴人说：‘匈奴人捆缚战马，是为了对汉军进行诅咒。’匈奴人常说：‘汉虽强大，但汉人不耐饥渴，匈奴放出一只狼，汉军就要损失千只羊。’等到李广利兵败，将士们或战死，或被俘，或四散逃亡，这一切都使朕悲痛难忘。如今又奏请派人远赴轮台屯垦，还要修筑堡垒哨所，这是劳民伤财的建议，朕不忍听！负责民族事务的大鸿胪还建议招募囚犯护送匈奴使者回国，以封侯作为奖赏，让他们刺杀匈奴单于，以发泄我们的怨愤，这种见不得人的事连春秋五霸都耻于去做，更何况我们大汉王朝呢！况且匈奴对投降他们的汉人要全身严密搜查，怎么可能行刺匈奴单于呢！当今最重要的任务，在于严禁各级官吏对百姓苛刻暴虐，废止擅自增加赋税的法令，鼓励百姓致力于农业生产，恢复为国家养马者免其徭役赋税的法令，用来补充战马损失的缺额，不使国家军备削弱而已。各郡、国二千石官员都要制定本地繁育马匹和补充边境物资的计划，在年终呈送全年公务报告时一并报送朝廷。”
第二篇：庚子事变后光绪慈禧罪己诏
本年夏间，拳匪构乱，开衅友邦，朕奉慈驾西巡，京师云扰。迭命庆亲王奕勖，大学士李鸿章，作为全权大臣，便宜行事，与各国使臣止兵议和。昨据奕勖等电呈各国和议十二款，大纲业已照允，仍电饬该全权大臣将详细节目悉心酌核，量中华之物力，结与国之欢心。既有悔祸之机，宜颁自责之诏，朝廷一切委曲难言之苦衷，不能不为尔天下臣民明谕之。此次拳教之祸，不知者咸疑国家纵庇匪徒，激成大变，殊不知五六月间屡诏剿拳保教，而乱民悍族，迫人于无可如保，既苦禁谕之俱穷，复愤存亡之莫保。迨至七月二十一日之变，朕与皇太后誓欲同殉社稷，上谢九庙之灵，乃当哀痛昏瞀之际，经王大臣等数人，勉强扶掖而出，于枪林炮雨中仓皇西狩。是慈躬惊险,宗社贴危，圜圜成墟，衣冠填壑，莫非拳匪所致，朝廷其尚护庇耶?夫拳匪之乱，与信拳匪者之作乱，均非无因而起。各国在中国传教，由来已久，民教争讼，地方官时有所偏：畏事者袒教虐民，沽名者庇民伤教。官无办法，民教之怨，愈结愈深拳匪乘机，浸成大衅。由平日办理不善，以致一朝骤发，不可遏抑，是则地方官之咎也。涞涿拳匪，既焚堂毁路，急派直隶红军弹压，乃练军所至，漫无纪律，戕虐良民。而拳匪专恃仇教之说，不扰乡里，以致百姓皆畏兵而爱匪。匪势由此大炽，匪党亦愈聚愈多。此则将领之咎也。该匪妩言邪说，煽诱愚人王公大臣中，或少年任性，或迂谬无知，平时嫉外洋之强，而不知自粮，惑于妖妄，诧为神奇，于是各邸习拳矣，各街市习拳矣。或资拳以粮，或赠拳以械，三数人倡之于前，千万人和之于下。朕与皇太后方力持严拿首要，解散胁人之议，特命刚毅前往谕禁，乃竟不能解散。而数万乱民，胆敢红巾露刃，充斥都城，焚掠教堂，围攻使馆。我皇太后垂帘训政，将及四十年，朕躬仰承慈诲，夙昔睦邻保教，何等怀柔?而况天下断无杀人放火之义民，国家岂有倚匪败盟之政体?当此之时，首祸诸人，叫嚣隳突，匪党纷扰，患在肘腑，朕奉慈圣，既有法不及众之忧，浸成尾大不掉之势。兴言及此，流涕何追!此则首祸王大臣之罪也。然当使馆被围之际，屡次谕令总理衙门大臣前往禁止攻击，并至各使馆会晤慰问，乃因枪炮互施，竟至无人敢往，纷纭扰攘，莫可究诘。设使火轰水灌，岂能一律保全?所以不致竟成巨祸者，实由朝廷极力维持，是以酒果冰瓜，联翩致送，无非朕仰体慈怀，惟我与国，应识此衷。今兹议约不侵我主权，不割我土地，念列邦之见谅，疾愚暴之无知，事后追思，惭愤交集。惟各国既定和局，自不致强人以所难。关奕勖，李鸿章，于细订约章时，婉间力办，持以理而感以情。
各大国信义为重，当视我力之所能及，以期其议之必可行。此该全权大臣所当竭忠尽智者也。当京师扰乱之时，曾谕令各疆臣，固守封圻，不令同时开衅，东南之所以明订约章，极力保护者，悉由遒奉谕旨，不欲失之之意。故列邦商务，得以保全而东南疆臣亦藉以自固。惟各省平时，无不以自强为辞，究之临事张皇，一无可恃，又不悉朝廷事处万难，但执一偏之词，责难君父：试思乘舆出走，风鹤惊心，昌平宣化间，朕侍皇太后素衣将敝，时豆粥难求，困苦铠寒，不如氓庶。不知为人臣者，亦尝念及忧辱之义否?总之，臣民有罪，罪在朕躬。朕为此言，并非追既往之愆尤，实欲儆将来之玩泄。近二十年来，每有一次衅端，必有一番诰诫，卧薪尝胆，徒托空言。理财自强，几成习套。事过以后，徇情面如故，用私人如故，敷衍公事如故，欺朝廷如故。大小臣工，清夜自思，即无拳匪之变，我中国能自强耶?夫无事且难支拄，今又构此奇奇变，益贫益弱，不待智者而后知。尔诸臣受国厚恩，当于屯险之中，竭其忠贞之力：综核财赋，固宜亟偿洋款，仍当深恤民艰；保荐人才，不当专取才华，而当内观心术。其大要，“去私心”“破积习”两言。大臣不存私心，则用人必公：破除积习，则办事着实。惟公与实，乃理财治兵之根本，亦即天心国脉之转机。
应即遵照初十日谕旨，妥速议奏，实力举行。此则中外各大臣所当国尔忘家，正己率属者也。朕受皇太后鞠劳训养，垂三十年，一旦颠危至此，仰思宗庙之震惊，北望京师之残毁，士大夫之流离者数千家，兵民之死伤者数十万，自责不暇，何暇责人?所以谆淳诰谕者，则以振作之与因循，为兴衰所由判，切实之与敷衍，即强弱所由分。固邦交，保疆土，举贤才，开言路，己屡次剀切申谕。中外各大臣其各凛遵训诰，激发忠忱，深念殷忧启圣之言，勿忘尽瘁鞠躬之谊。朕与皇太后有厚望焉将此通谕知之。钦此。
第三篇：诏追赴都回寄零陵亲故原文翻译及赏析
《诏追赴都回寄零陵亲故》作者为唐朝文学家柳宗元。其古诗全文如下：
每忆纤鳞游尺泽，翻愁弱羽上丹霄。
岸傍古堠应无数，次第行看别路遥。
【翻译】
常想起小鱼在水池里浮游，又担心翅膀太嫩难上云霄。乘船赴京，傍岸的土堡已是无数，一程一程，回看零陵亲故却越加远遥。
【鉴赏】
诗的开头用比喻的手法，极写诗人被贬永州后环境的恶劣，境地的低微。“每忆”下字好像很轻，似乎也没什么褒贬，实际上份量很重，感情色彩十分强烈，表明诗人对这种小鱼游水池的生活非常厌弃。这时好了，奉诏赴京了，新生活就要开始了，也许还有一个相当高的职位在等着自己，可以直上“丹霄”。然而诗人仍然很担心，担心弱翅无力，重任难以胜任。当然，诗人决不是对自己能力的不信任，也不是故作谦恭之词，是对于变幻莫测的前途的忧虑。
后一联诗歌的节奏明显加快，不仅形象地状写了轻舟顺流而下，计算里程的土堡飞而似地甩在脑后的情境，而且也与诗人希望尽快回到长安的心情十分吻合。然而，诗人离长安虽然越来越近，而离他生活过十年的永州却越来越远，所以，他也是一路北行，一路回望；潇湘一带，轻烟薄雾，别路依稀，真切地抒写了他对零陵亲故的系念。
这首诗，前后两联跳跃性极大，运用的手法各不相同，诗歌意象也迥然有异。但一个“愁”字，却把整首诗歌描写的意象统一协调起来，诗人对自己以往的贬抑生活“愁”，对奉诏直上京，前途渺茫亦“愁”，乘船北上离虽亲朋故旧，当然更“愁”。“愁”字一线贯通，塑造了一位情深义重、忧国忧民、内心情感无限丰富的诗人自我形象。
第四篇：翻译原文
The Confucian Analects
Confucius(K'ung Fu-tzu, Kongzi, Kong Zi or)was born of a rather
impoverished family of noble descent in the state of Lu(in modern Shantung).He quickly achieved a reputation for scholarship and learning.During his life, he
witnessed the disintegration of unified imperial rule.He was a great admirer of the Duke of Zhou, and sought to convince various nobles to rule according to certain social customs he associated with early Zhou culture.These customs emphasized moral responsibility and the concept of the chün tzu.The chün tzu was any refined gentleman who embodied the virtue of benevolence while he maintained traditional rites, customs, and filial piety toward his ancestors, family, and the gods.Stereotypically, this gentleman was marked by his white beard, fine clothes, and long fingernails.Confucianism might be seen as a philosophy in which politics and
government are an extension of morality and tradition.As long as the ruler remained benevolent, the government will naturally work toward the good of the people(Lau n.p.).A Confucian philosopher strove to be responsible, controlled, and temperate.Confucius spent ten years traveling through the whole of China's various states.He had ambitions of attaining a political position at one of the Chinese courts, but he never succeeded in this endeavor and spent most of his life as a teacher.Realizing that the warlike leaders paid no attention to his philosophy, Confucius returned to Lu, and he spent the rest of his life training a group of gifted and devoted students.The
importance of Confucius lies in having been one of China's first great teachers as well as a political philosopher.His policy was to accept anyone as a disciple provided that the student was genuinely eager to learn, and this idea was revolutionary in a society in which education was the exclusive privilege of the aristocracy.He is also one of the first Chinese philosophers to leave behind a collection of teachings that can be
reliably ascribed to his authorship.This is the Lun yü, or the Analects as the work is commonly known in English.In the Western Han, Confucianism became generally associated with a reverence for “ancient” books and “ancient gods.” It later grew to be the official state philosophy
of the Chinese empire;it retained this preeminent position up until the
twentieth-century.Confucianism ultimately became the basis of a state religion.While it was based on the ancient gods and rites, it was associated closely with philosophical ideals as well.Inevitably, the Master's teachings became modified over the course of time.(Lun Yü, Lun YuThe official Confucian state religion, organized and maintained in Han times,ruthlessly exterminated local cults and destroyed the temples of wayside gods.All religious authority was centralized and focused in the capital city, while unorthodox belief was treated as mere superstition(Schafer 61).The Analects(Lun Yü, Lun Yu or Lunyu)is a collection of Confucius' sayings gathered in a single text, which is the only reliable record of his philosophy.The other “Confucian Classics” were compiled centuries after his death.The Analects is one of the pillars of Chinese culture and have been widely read across the centuries.The
only other comparable book in Western Culture is the Bible(Lau, n.p.)
Chapter 4
The Master said, “It is virtuous manners which constitute the excellence of a
neighborhood.If a man in selecting a residence do not fix on one where such prevail, how can he be wise?”
The Master said, “Those who are without virtue cannot abide long either in a
condition of poverty and hardship, or in a condition of enjoyment.The virtuous rest in virtue;the wise desire virtue.”
The Master said, “It is only the truly virtuous man, who can love, or who can hate, others.”
The Master said, “If the will be set on virtue, there will be no practice of
wickedness.”
The Master said, “Riches and honors are what men desire.If they cannot be obtained in the proper way, they should not be held.Poverty and meanness are what men dislike.If they cannot be avoided in the proper way, they should not be avoided.”If a superior man abandon virtue, how can he fulfill the requirements of that name? “The superior man does not, even for the space of a single meal, act contrary to virtue.In moments of haste, he cleaves to it.In seasons of danger, he cleaves to it.”
The Master said, “I have not seen a person who loved virtue, or one who hated what was not virtuous.He who loved virtue, would esteem nothing above it.He who hated what is not virtuous, would practice virtue in such a way that he would not allow anything that is not virtuous to approach his person.”Is any one able for one day to apply his strength to virtue? I have not seen the case in which his strength would be insufficient.“Should there possibly be any such case, I have not seen it.” The Master said, “The faults of men are characteristic of the class to which they belong.By observing a man's faults, it may be known that he is virtuous.”
The Master said, “If a man in the morning hear the right way, he may die in the evening hear regret.”
The Master said, “A scholar, whose mind is set on truth, and who is ashamed of bad clothes and bad food, is not fit to be discoursed with.”
The Master said, “The superior man, in the world, does not set his mind either for anything, or against anything;what is right he will follow.”
The Master said, “The superior man thinks of virtue;the small man thinks of comfort.The superior man thinks of the sanctions of law;the small man thinks of favors which he may receive.”
The Master said: “He who acts with a constant view to his own advantage will be much murmured against.”
The Master said, “If a prince is able to govern his kingdom with the complaisance proper to the rules of propriety, what difficulty will he have? If he cannot govern it with that complaisance, what has he to do with the rules of propriety?”
The Master said, “A man should say, I am not concerned that I have no place, I am concerned how I may fit myself for one.I am not concerned that I am not known, I seek to be worthy to be known.”
The Master said, “Shan, my doctrine is that of an all-pervading unity.” The disciple Tsang replied, “Yes.”
The Master went out, and the other disciples asked, saying, “What do his words mean?” Tsang said, “The doctrine of our master is to be true to the principles-of our nature and the benevolent exercise of them to others,-this and nothing more.”
The Master said, “The mind of the superior man is conversant with righteousness;the mind of the mean man is conversant with gain.”
The Master said, “When we see men of worth, we should think of equaling them;when we see men of a contrary character, we should turn inwards and examine ourselves.”
The Master said, “In serving his parents, a son may remonstrate with them, but gently;when he sees that they do not incline to follow his advice, he shows an increased degree of reverence, but does not abandon his purpose;and should they punish him, he does not allow himself to murmur.”
The Master said, “While his parents are alive, the son may not go abroad to a distance.If he does go abroad, he must have a fixed place to which he goes.”
The Master said, “If the son for three years does not alter from the way of his father, he may be called filial.”
The Master said, “The years of parents may by no means not be kept in the memory, as an occasion at once for joy and for fear.”
The Master said, “The reason why the ancients did not readily give utterance to their words, was that they feared lest their actions should not come up to them.”
The Master said, “The cautious seldom err.” The Master said, “The superior man wishes to be slow in his speech and earnest in his conduct.”
The Master said, “Virtue is not left to stand alone.He who practices it will have neighbors.”
Tsze-yu said, “In serving a prince, frequent remonstrances lead to disgrace.Between friends, frequent reproofs make the friendship distant.”
第五篇："罪己书"——《问道楼观》有感
“罪己书”——《问道楼观》有感
强哥
公元前89年，晚年的汉武帝刘彻鉴于汉王朝历经连年征战和肆意挥霍，由文、景二代“无为而治、与民生息”70多年积累的国库早已空虚。为反省自己的错误，向天下颁布了中国历史上的第一道皇帝“罪己诏”.司马光在<资治通鉴>评价其“有亡秦之失，而免亡秦之祸”.这个故事，以前并没有给我带来太多的思考。四月底参加了“无为战法”炉火纯青7期修炼班学习,根据老师要求，认真研读《道德经》及观看《问道楼观》后，顿时茅塞顿开，感慨万千！回顾这二年来在金融投资市场上的经历，通过这段时间认真的反思、自省和学习，我给自己下一道比汉武帝还重的“罪己书”,彻悟，人生有了新的转折点，今后的投资生涯将步入正途。
自2014年7月份进入股市开始投机经营，虽然嘴上说是投资，其实内心是有着暴富的心。入市之初，通过阅读各种股票投资及心理的书籍以及学习网络上的各种“必杀技”,账户数字确有增长。2015初开始增加资金量，一直到五月底的牛市最高也达到将近2倍的收益。那时认为炒股很简单，听利好消息，听听股评，就能坐着数钱。然而，股灾开始了，一路暴跌，不懂得逃顶，止损。截至目前仍在回本的路上。“将欲取之，必固与之”多么痛的领悟。
2015年开始，基本没有仓位控制的考虑，恨不得天天满仓，生怕不买就是踏空，少赚了钱。5178点下来是调整，听信利好消息，坚信4000点的山脚底部，亏损了急于挽回损失，却不懂得用自己的眼睛去分辨在跳动的K线下隐藏着的那一把把割肉刀、一台台搅肉机。就连5月初、12月底二次出国旅游前都把仓位做满，生怕踏空，最后三轮股灾一次也没逃走。惨痛的教训让人欲哭无泪。通过这段时间在无为平台的学习，终于明白到“势”与赚钱、亏损是息息相关，分辨不清“势”从何而来，我们散户只能是“车”前面的那只小小的螳螂。也终于明白了：“故有之以为利，无之以为用”的道理。
未接触无为平台之前，一直以为股市是一种消息和技术的投机。在无为老师和各位师兄、师姐的谆谆教诲、循循善诱下，明白到股市其实是投资，真不是投机。当我们真正做到把投机的观念转变为投资观念，善待自己的资金，科学进行资金管理，确保风险管控，也就不需要无为老师一遍又一遍的提醒风险了。
用兵有言，吾不敢为主而为客。通过在无为平台的系统学习，明白到金融市场就如同没有硝烟的战场一样，须“道法自然”.必以先举者为主，后应者为客，见“势”起才能开仓，要像“知兵”“爱兵”的将军一样去对待手上的资金，进攻之前需要提前预判好防守，顺势而为，在趋势判断良好的情况下，在合理回撤范围内设定止损后方才进行投资，“计划我的交易、交易我的计划”,进退有序。没有计划的投资，只会给自己资金造成不可预测的损失。过去深刻、惨痛的教训，学习了无为体系，我再不会犯如此的大错了。
“道常无为，而无不为”.曾经有一位非常尊重的老大哥在其“知天命之年”分享过他的成功之路：人生就如爬山一样，无论是处于山峰还是山谷都要找时间停顿下来回头看，只有懂得向后看，才能认清前面的道路该何去何从。
“一勺清泉开智慧、了却烦恼即菩提”,感谢在二年前将我引进股海去经历人生百味的家人；感谢将我领入无为平台体验到“涅槃”重生的家人；感恩无为老师的这一勺清泉，让我感受到醍醐灌顶的透切；愿在无为平台这片温暖的沃土，让“兰花草”重新散发幽香，让凤凰再次涅槃。
道是无情却有情，也许金融投资市场是条铺满荆棘坎坷的不归路，却还是义无反顾的，信心满满的，因为我心中明白了“道”,更何况还有老师的领路，有相伴的兄弟姐妹一起走！
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