雅思写作：如何拓展中间段（写写帮推荐）

第一篇：雅思写作：如何拓展中间段（写写帮推荐）

如何写开头段

Sentence 1 Background(general statement)Sentence 2 Rephrase the topic(thesis statement)Sentence 3 personal opinion or brief description of main body 如何写背景句

确定题目讨论哪个方面的问题，然后以这个问题为中心，写一句介绍性的话。例题1：

Some people who have been successful in the society don’t attribute their success to the theoretical knowledge they learned from their university.Do you agree or disagree?

People have long been interested in identifying the forces that contribute to personal achievement.The importance of theoretical knowledge to one’s success is a matter for debate.例题2.The advertising is discouraging people from being different individuals and makes people to be or seem to be the same.Do you agree or disagree?

The influence of advertising on our buying behaviours is a subject matter.In recent years, much more attention than ever before has been paid to the influence of advertising on our buying behaviors.如何改写题目 1.不要抄袭题目 2.句子不要过长

例题1.Do you think it is better to send criminals to jail or let them receive education or job training? Sentence1 The treatment of criminals has been open to debate in recent years.Sentence2.1)加上常用句型：There is much controversy over whether to send criminals to jails or to let them receive education or job training.2)改变句子成分的顺序：Some people think that to send criminals to jails is better than to let them receive education or job training.3)改变句子成分：Some people think that imprisonment is better than education or job training in treating criminals.例题2.Police in Britain do not carry guns.Some people believe that it will make citizens unprotected, but some suggest that it would reduce violence in society.Discuss those two views.Sentence 1.In some countries, such as Britain, it is a convention that police do not carry guns.Sentence 2.1)加常用句型：There is a perception that it will make citizens unprotected, while a counter-argument is that it would reduce violence in society.2)改变句子成分的顺序：Some people think that citizens would be unprotected, while some suggest that violence could be reduced.3)改变句子成分：Some people think that it fails to protect citizens while some suggest that it would minimize violence in society.如何写第三句话：

1.一种是阐明自己的立场

2.一种是不阐明自己的立场，只是简单的说文章会讨论些什么内容。

例题1.Children in secondary school study international news as a subject, but some think that’s a waste of time.Discuss both views and give your opinion.Sentence 1 International news represents one of the main sources of information from which we discover what is happening around the world.Sentence 2 However, when it comes to including it in the curriculum at secondary school, there is an ongoing debate.Sentence 3 1)阐明立场法

支持：My personal view is that studying international news is of benefits to students.反对：I am not convinced that it is necessary.2)不明确表示自己支持哪一方面，而是指明文章会讨论一个事物的两个方面 There are some points in both sides.例题2.Some people believe that air travel should be restricted because it causes serious pollution and use up the world’s resources.Do you agree or disagree Sentence 1 There is little room for doubt about the convenience brought by air travel.Sentence 2 However, when it comes to its impact on the environment, no conclusion has been arrived at.Sentence 3 1)表明立场

支持：As far as I know, its benefits are far more overt than its down sides.反对：My personal view is that its benefits cannot justify its harmful effects.2)不标明立场

This essay will compare and contrast its benefits and downsides.问题类题目的开头段

例题1.What are the causes and solutions of the problem of the scarcity of water resource?

Sentence 1 Water shortage is one of the most challenging issues to address in many countries.Sentence 2.(不要说有人争议水资源缺乏的问题，而是直接关注它的原因)There are some factors leading to this problem.Sentence 3(说清楚文章要讨论的内容)Some of the most factors will be discussed below, followed by some responsible solutions.例题2.There is a gap between living in the city and living in the countryside.What are the reasons in your country and how can the difference be reduced?

如何拓展中间段

Topic sentence(one sentence only): highlight the central point of this paragraph, serve to support an argument.Supporting sentences: sentences for the extension, explanation and justification of the topic sentence(3 sentences if the main body is composed of 3 paragraphs, and 4to 5 sentences if 2paragraphs)

例题1 Do the positive effects of advertising outweigh its negative effects? A 社会类题目

1.经济角度：社会的经济利益，经济发展，发展经济的契机等

2.科技角度：科技发展带来的机遇和危机，工业生产，高科技设备，媒体，电脑，自动化，数字化等

3.社会角度：社会的整体良性发展，环境问题，社区安全，执法系统，卫生情况，医疗建设，公共设施，文化艺术，旅游观光，城市风貌

4.公众角度：公共利益，个人的利益和便利（衣食住行）

B 教育类题目

1.社会能力和工作能力：年轻人在社会上的生存能力，交际能力，交流能力，实践能力，工作能力

2.学校表现和学习能力：学生在理论知识方面的掌握和学习能力的提高，学校的课程安排，设施配置，教学方法和社会要求的接轨，重视理论还是实践，教学质量，课堂气氛，教师素质，教学方法的革新

3.性格和感情的健康：学生是否有健康的业余爱好和课后活动，性格是否开朗和积极，行为是否端正，中小学生在社会上遇到的问题，暴力，色情，媒体，社区安全，犯罪率的上升，家庭背景，父母教育，对儿女行为的约束，家庭暴力，家庭问题，单身家庭，家庭的贫困问题，父母行为对子女的影响。

4.身体健康：学生是否参与体育活动，养成好的生活习惯，常见的问题是青少年过分使用电脑，不注意体育锻炼，生活习惯不好。

经济角度： 广告宣传产品，促进消费，推动经济

公众角度1：广告让消费者了解商品信息，比较商品优缺点，购买到比较适合自己的产品。公众角度2：广告有时会夸大其词，误导消费者，让消费者购买自己并不需要的产品。

注意：1.最有说服力的观点应该放在第一段，第二段的观点次之，第三点的观点最弱

2.观点不要标新立异，最常见的观点往往是最安全的和最有说服力的

1.One of the main functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.2.Meanwhile, advertising serves to stimulate consumption and contributes to economic development.3.Despite its importance, there is no denying that every now and then, advertising leads consumers into an impulsive purchase, thereby causing wasteful spending.支持句的写法

Explanation: 解释和说明中心句的意思或原因

Extension： 将中心句或将解释中心句的句子拓展一下，阐述它的影响 Example：

在需要的时候，举例说明，有助于更加形象地描述事情 Sorting：

当一个中心句有几个分论点支持时，可以将论点分类说明 Contrasting: 描述相反的情形，在无法落笔的时候特别有用。

1.1.One of the main functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.1)Common knowledge is that advertising refers to presenting information, relating to a product or service by a variety of media, such as television, radio, newspapers, magazines, brochures and so forth.2)With the presence of advertising, a consumer is able to acquire the latest information in the market, such as properties of a product or service, and thereby make a wiser buying decision.3)By contrast, without advertising, a consumer is at the risk of purchasing, a product that fails to meet all of his or her needs, because of lack of knowledge of better alternatives in the market.2.Meanwhile, advertising serves to stimulate consumption and contributes to economic development.1)As said before, advertising is responsible to introduce a product, but in reality, it does more than that.2)Advertising describes a product in such an impressive way and with adding so many visual appeals that it always succeeds in attracting the eye of the audience and driving them into a final purchase.3)Besides, advertising reminds intended customers of their existing needs or creates fresh needs, keeping them aware that only by purchasing a product can their needs be met.4)By these two approaches, advertising encourages spending and contributes to economic development.3.Despite its importance, there is no denying that every now and then, advertising leads consumers into an impulsive purchase, thereby causing wasteful spending.1)It is a shared convention in the advertising industry that some properties of a product are highlighted while the others are simplified.2)A product, when prompted well, will be highly desired by many, as customers are misguided to ignore the products’ downsides.3)It accounts for why many shoppers regret their buying decisions before long, observing that what they have brought is not what they actually need or fails to live up to their expectations.4)Cosmetics and dietary supplements are among those standard examples, costing individual buyers a lot but not achieving desirable outcomes.如何写结论段

1.重新总结主体部分讨论过的要点 2.重新阐述你的立场和观点

3.不要加入新的内容，尤其是主体部分没有讨论过的内容。

In conclusion, advertising plays an essential role in society, not only making consumers well-informed buyers but also fostering economic development.However, consumers should beware of the misleading nature of advertising.注意事项：

1.不要用不熟悉的词 2.避免过度使用从句 3.少用名言 4.杜绝中国谚语

5.少用第一或第二人称 6.避免口语化的词语

7.尽量避免使用问号和感叹号 8.不要用所写 9.不要用比喻

10.不要少于规定数字

第二篇：12中间段写作-思路拓展

图画作文中间段的思路拓展

除了论证手法之外，在大作文写作的过程中，论证的思路拓展也是必不可少的复习环节，这一点针对的就是写作中无从下手，不知从何说起论证素材的棘手问题的解决方案，总体的思路拓展就是下面的口诀，这一讲主要针对拓展的口诀的思路进行有效地词汇扩充，让考生能够做到有词可用，有话可说。

方法一：万能理由法

口诀：教科文组织应该以人为本，注意环保与经济发展

教育：

辍学drop-out学术氛围academic atmosphere剽窃plagiarism

减轻学生负担relieve the burden on students教育理念notion of education教书育人impart knowledge and educate people网络教育 online education

培养创新精神cultivate spirit of innovation激发学生潜能stimulate students' potential促进性格养成facilitate development of personality传授知识impart knowledge

学位degree 文凭diploma 证书certification 资格证qualification 素质教育quality education 应试教育 exam-oriented education毕业典礼 commencement

以学生为中心的教学 student-centered education 职业教育 vocational education 以老师为中心的教学teacher-centered education 毕业旅行 after-graduation trip 托儿所 nursery 幼儿园kindergarten 义务教育compulsory education

小学 primary school 中等教育 secondary school 高等教育 higher education科技：

科技创新innovation of technology造福人类benefit human beings

提高效率improve efficiency 网络的普及popularity of internet

有限网络cable 太阳能 solar energy 新能源new energy

在高科技时代in the era of high-tech发明创造invention and creation

信息技术information technology 尖端科技cutting-edge technology

高科技在医疗方面的应用 application of high-tech in medical treatment

文化：

文化冲撞culture shock思维方式way of thinking价值观value

求异思维divergent thinking习俗custom/convention文化融合culture blending

增进了解enhance understanding文化多样性culture diversity

全球一体化globalization文明civilization文化遗产culture heritage

文化交流culture communication文化底蕴：the rich cultural deposit

国学 national study 刮痧 skin scraping 拔火罐 cupping 针灸 acupuncture 书法 calligraph 组织：

制定具体措施 work out concrete solutions

颁布相关法规 enact related laws and regulations食品安全 food security

加强strengthen-enhance-foster-consolidateinfrastructure基础设施

社会不稳定social instability-social disorder/chaos，合作去解决这个问题 collaborate on this issue

向公众呼吁做某事 appeal to the public to do sth

假冒伪劣产品 fake and inferior product

以人为本：（安全——交往——认可——自我实现）

来自同辈的压力peer pressure情深意重的兄弟姐妹loving siblings

老龄化社会aging society退休金pension晚年twilight year

感谢父母be indebted to parents含辛茹苦的父母nurturing parents

逃避赡养老人的责任shun the responsibility of taking care of the elder

害怕承担责任：be afraid of taking responsibility

见义勇为never hesitate to do what is right传统美德time-honored virtue

帮助弱势群体 offer aid to the underprivileged

慈善事业 cause of charity义工 voluntary work

势利的snobbish冷漠indifferent/ unconcerned缺乏道德：be devoid of morality 廉租房low rent housing经适房 affordable housing房奴车奴 mortgage slave 环保：

可持续发展 sustainable development生态旅游 ecotourism

degradation恶化=deterioration: environmental degradation环境恶化

一次性产品disposable products垃圾 litter臭氧层Ozone layer

交通堵塞 traffic congestion机动车 motorized vehicle

不懈努力 unremitting efforts多方努力 joint effort/endeavor

深入人心 be embedded in one's heart

经济：

经济衰退economic recession经济恶化 economic deterioration

通货膨胀inflation通货紧缩deflation物价飞涨 the price is soaring

升值 appreciation贬值 depreciation/ devaluation增加收入augment income

合同contract 企业enterprise个人所得税 income tax国家税收 revenue

关税 tariff / duty进口 import出口 export日用品 daily commodity

巨大的利益exorbitant/enormous profits

城乡收入差距：income gap between urban and rural areas

遏制恶化的现状 curb the deteriorating situation

发展：

利大于弊 advantages exceed disadvantages不择手段 do things by hook and crook对...有威慑的影响have a deterring effect on起辅助作用play an auxiliary role in相互排斥的mutually exclusive利益冲突conflict of interest

下层社会的，贫穷的underprivileged/poor逆境unfavorable circumstance

兼容的be compatible with

Can economic development be compatible with environmental protection?

方法二：宏观-微观两分法

总体说来，该方法是结合方法一和上一讲中的写作手法来综合运用的，以上的万能理由都可以从个人和国家两个层面分别思考论述，考研英语大作文其写作精华就是“以小见大，联系自身”的过程，其结果必然是“微观-宏观-微观”的回归型思路体现。

三、中间段写作高分作文赏析

【环境保护】

Conceived in this cartoon is a motto that no one can shrug off: “to take care of our environment is to tend ourselves and our descendants”.In other words, as natural resources are actually limited, we are supposed to exploit sensibly / reasonably for our long-term benefit.However, acts against this principle are prevailing.It is not unfamiliar that some folks shoot wild animals for fun, cook them for food, and sell them for profit.It is also not uncommon to see

some guys over-mining with geographic disasters recurring.Therefore, the common sense should be born in mind by us that never sacrifice long term benefit for temporary satisfaction.What does this cartoon convey? Obviously, it renders us with the notion that what we do with the nature is to be answered for.Any examples? Haven’t you ever met some folks over-hunting for huge profit, with some species endangered? Haven’t you ever found some enterprises letting out polluted water, threatening the fishery industry and eco-balance along rivers, lakes and even oceans? Where have their insight gone? Where have their wisdom gone? Where have their senses of social responsibility gone?

【个人品质】

{互助}

What does this cartoon imply? Obviously, it renders us with the notion that a harmonious family, community, society, or world requires mutual assistance among individuals.Any examples? Haven’t you ever met a warm-hearted neighbor keeping taking care of a paralyzed granny next door? Haven’t you ever found most citizens donating part of their incomes for charity? Why are they so generous? Why are they so unselfish? Why are they so warm-hearted? Aren’t they motivated by the idea that every of us may ask for help from time to time, so has the duty to offer assistance when necessary?

This motto is born in every mind of us, “labor shapes human, while mutual assistance shapes human life.” Or, put another way, anyone, without support from others, cannot lead a normal life.Will there be any other cases more convincing than the following ones to illustrate this point? It is not unfamiliar that only with mutual assistance and cooperation did primitive men survive thousands of disasters and deliver their descendants, leaving our ancestors to develop their life of descent quality with mutual assistance and exchange, and eventually urging us to build a better world with combined effort.Indeed, we all have the awareness that mutual support is the basis of the normal life and a path towards happiness and harmony.Traditionally, people are considered to be selfish.But is that the truth in current world? Cases to criticize this mis-belief are abundant.It is not surprising to see a seat-lender in a bus helping a blind lady or an elder-tender in a hospital treating a paralyzed granny.It is also not uncommon that the amount of charity funds has doubled during last 6 months, according to a report in China Daily.Obviously, an increasing number of citizens, motivated by the notion that a harmonious world requires mutual help, are willing to assist others.{犹豫}

This motto is born in every mind of us, “better trying than crying” Or, put another way, hesitation, or indecisiveness, is the largest barrier in one’s overall development.Will there be any other cases more convincing than the following ones to illustrate this point? It is not unfamiliar that some students always ponder, after graduation, to hunt a job or to further his education.It is also not uncommon that some white-collars, even if not satisfied with their current, endlessly hesitate, daring not step toward a new one.Indeed, they all should have the awareness that they should not be so pessimistic that count choices – largely opportunities – as predicaments.{诚实}

It is accepted by most average people that no other groups can be more honest than college students.But is that the case anymore? Cases to criticize this improper view are within easy reach.From the point of college examinations alone, haven’t you ever seen some candidates delivering notes or making gestures during the exams? Or, haven’t you ever noticed that some of them take advantage of cell phones to forward keys? Obviously, an increasing number of youngsters, either for fierce competition or because of their own laziness, no longer cherish the virtue of honesty.{诚信}

The extended meaning echoed by this cartoon can be summarized as a philosophic topic in our daily life: never easily let go of the basic rights of consumers, and any personnel in any industry should never shrug off his duty in face of financial rewards.Although this doctrine is

accepted by most of us, conducts against this principle are prevailing.It is not unfamiliar that, for their own benefit, bank clerks persuade customers into buying unnecessary money management services, to say nothing of misdeeds among other public services.They are so profit-oriented that can sacrifice the benefits and rights of a consumer, exerting heavy financial pressure and discomfort on him, for their own temporary rewards.

第三篇：雅思小作文中间段经典句子

雅思小作文中间段经典句子

1.The most obvious reason for this phenomenon is that ______________.Consequently, ______________.2.No matter you like it or not, AAA has become more and more popular and there are many reason for it.3.Its an urgent task for us to change this unfavorable situation: ______________.4.The picture can reminds you of some strange, yet familiar phenomena existing in our society.5.A great number of solutions are being offered.Some people suggest that ______________.Others argue that ______________.6.Confronted with AAA, we should take a serious of effective measures to cope with the situation.7.However, ______________ may cause some problems.First, it is ______________.Second, ______________.Finally, _____________修改文章_.So, it is clear that ______________ has its advantages and disadvantages.8.Although ______________ has a great advantage of ______________, it cant compete with ______________ in ______________.9.______________ may be preferable to ______________, but ______________ suffers from the disadvantages that ______________.10.The advantages of ______________ are much greater that those of ______________.For instance, ______________.11.______________ may be preferable to ______________, but it also suffers from the disadvantages that ______________.

第四篇：托福写作中间段怎么写

官方网站：

托福写作中间段怎么写？

托福写作中间段怎么写？如何打造托福写作的中间环节呢?在托福作文的中间部分，应该如何安排内容已达到整体的作文效果。下面，小编给大家一些建议，供广大同学们参考。

技巧

一、.Q：一定需要三大段论点理由展开来证明开头观点吗?

A：No.中间段可以有一个论点展开，也可以拿到满分。同学们可以参看ETS的第三版p202页的官方范文5分和4分赏析。

技巧

二、Q： 托福写作备考中的独立写作中间段结构是什么?

A： 论点Main point Sentence+论据Details.尽量不要突兀地写for example，需要指明例子之前的论点句。

技巧

三、Q： 怎么展开一个中间段落才能做到评分标准5分要求呢?

A： 其实有很多方法将论点展开Details，比如：我强化班会重点介绍的几种：Specific personal example 少而精;General example 多而简;compare& contrast对比反差;Study &Survey 调查数据;Famous people权威名人;Quotation名言谚语;等。

技巧

四、Q： 以上是不是每种方法都要在独立写作中间段用上?

A： 这几种方法都是平行关系，可以挑选一种方法即可展开一个论点句。当然，也可以挑选其中两三种方法使得一个段落展开地非常细致。

技巧

五、Q： 独立写作是不是中间段字数越多越好?

A： 展开的Details的语言部分非常重要，比如由电脑自动评分E-rater主要评判Grammar，Usage，Style，lexical complexity等方面。

技巧

六、Q： 独立写作的中间段是不是一定需要所谓的“辨证式/反证式/让步式”写法?

A： 有这种辩证式思路文章会写得更全面，但是这不是必要的。因为ETS的官方指南和评分标准告诉大家： 托福写作考的并不是该同学对一个观点分析有多么深刻，主要是语言的表达和内容的清晰。

第五篇：雅思大作文主体段写作安排

雅思大作文主体段写作安排

朗阁雅思考试研究中心

一般情况下，英语写作考试的开头跟结尾是没什么什么难度的，重点就是主体段结构内容的写作安排，在段落分配方面，很多的老师经过多年的教学经验和学生的考试过程一般是建议五段式的写作方法。与传统的四段式写法相比而言，主要的区别就是五段式的写作将正反的两个论点分成了两个自然段来写，这样思路更加清晰，但同时对考生的英语写作要求相对来说也是有所提升。不管你是四段还是五段来写，其实对考生作文最终的结果是没有什么大的影响。不过，英语水平相对较低的同学，特别是在写雅思作文过程中经常遇到没有什么思路的情况的学生来说，建议还是使用传统的四段式为好。

虽然很多考生在一开始构思的时候想好的两个分论点思路，有时候写着写着往往会有所偏离，这样就很有可能导致的最终情况就是一个观点想到了很多内容，而当写到第二个支持的分论点时就很难想出观点，然后就重新想第一分论点的内容，这样不仅浪费了时间还会打断文章的整体思路就不好了。一般来说写一个分论点的时候要写作100多个单词，写到第二个论点的时候就会出现反反复复叠加同义词的情况出现，就会给人头重脚轻的感觉了。所以除非你的英语基础能力非常好，一般的考生们还是选择四段式的方法来进行雅思作文的写作为好。

雅思作文当中的第一个主体段需要支持自己的总观点。在这个段落里，考生总共需要想出两个分论点从而写出一百多字的文章。按照一般学生的英语表现水平，这个段落总共需要十句话。那么基本上来说就是一句话十到十二个单词左右。按照两个分论点平均分配的原则（这个并不一定，要视题目而定。如果第一个分论点比较大的话，考生可以适当缩小第二个分论点的内容），平均每个分论点需要五句话。基本上来说，第一句话都需要将分论点做一个概括，然后后面四句话提供支持和展开。

根据往年的教学经验来看，这四句话就是困扰烤鸭们的最大的一个难点。很多学生总是觉得无话可说，从而导致文章写不完或者字数不够。究其原因，考生的最大问题是并不清楚这四句话的目的和作用是什么。其实，这四句话的证明无非就是起到以下列出的两个作用：

1.证明分论点的正确性：很多考生在主体段的写作时，通常抱有一种错误的态度，那就是自己认为自己的分论点是正确的，没有什么争议的。但事实上，自己的分论点往往是值得推敲的。所以，考生在后四句话展开的首要任务就是证明自己的分论点是正确的。比如说题目是问车有哪些好处？很多考生看到这个题目的第一反应就是车很方便。大多数人对车能带来方便这个观点所持有的态度是take for granted.但真的是如此吗？现在停车位已经越来越难找；交通事故越来越多；交通堵塞已经变成了家常便饭。所以，车并不见得能给人带来方便。那么，在这个部分，就需要考生进行一定的支持和论证。

2.举例说明和论证。议论文的论证需要有例子来进行支撑。很多学生都喜欢用例子来充实自己的主体段。但事实证明，考生们并不清楚使用例子的目的和作用。其实，议论文当中穿插例子是用来证明分论点的准确性和说服力的。很多考生在写作时是为了举例而举例，很多例子跟这个分论点毫无关系，甚至说是相违背的。如果是这样的话，那就起不到支撑的作用了。所以，例子必须要为分论点而服务。还有很多考生会犯的错误就是喜欢枚举很多例子。其实，这样做反而适得其反。考生的思维是说的越多越好；而雅思考官的想法则是要么就别说，要说就说的详细，仔细，具体。所以，这里朗阁雅思考试研究中心建议考生每个分论点只举一个例子，但是要说详细。

下面我们就进入到了第二个主体段。这个段落的主要意图是要考虑反方的观点。可能很多考生会纳闷，为什么要考虑反方观点？其实道理很简单。考生在议论文的论证中最重要的就是要体现出思想的成熟度。换句话说，就是要从多个不同的角度考虑问题。如果考生的论证只是从一方面出发，那就说明考生的思维很片面，并不能完整的考虑一个argument.所以考生在这个段落中引出反方的分论点以及反方的论证。整个段落大约只需70-80个单词左右。

最后是结尾段。一般来说，考生到了这个部分，已经将要临近尾声了。即便是这个部分有再多的内容要写，恐怕时间也已经不允许了。所以，朗阁雅思考试研究中心的专家们提出了以下构成结尾段的两个部分：1.总观点概括，做到前后呼应。2.展望未来。在最后一个部分，只要考生就这个话题在未来的发展情况作出一个预测，或者是展望都可以。结尾控制在30-40个单词即可。

以上就是雅思大作文观点类话题的文章的行文结构，可以说这个结构基本把一篇议论文分割到了最小的单位。只要考生按照这样的结构一步一步的进行练习，相信拿到自己想要的雅思写作分数将不是问题。

（本文来自朗阁教育托福考试教研组，供广大考生学习使用，转载请注明出处）