中英文对照学英语素材：比尔·盖茨：老师需要真正的反馈信息

第一篇：中英文对照学英语素材：比尔·盖茨：老师需要真正的反馈信息

比尔·盖茨：老师需要真正的反馈信息

Everyone needs a coach.It doesn't

matter whether you're a basketball player, a tennis player, a gymnast or a bridge player.(Laughter)

0:26 My bridge coach, Sharon Osberg, says there are more pictures of the back of her head than anyone else's in the world.(Laughter)Sorry, Sharon.Here you go.0:38 We all need people who will give us feedback.That's how we improve.Unfortunately, there's one group of people who get almost no systematic feedback to help them do their jobs better, and these people have one of the most important jobs in the world.I'm talking about teachers.When Melinda and I learned how little useful feedback most teachers get, we were blown away.Until recently, over 98 percent of teachers just got one word of feedback:Satisfactory.If all my bridge coach ever told me was that I was “satisfactory,” I would have no hope of ever getting better.How would I know who was the best? How would I know what I was doing differently? Today, districts are revamping the way they evaluate

每一个人都需要一位教练。无论你是篮球运动员，网球运动员，体操选手 或者是打桥牌的。（笑声）

0:26

我的桥牌教练，Sharon Osberg，说包含她后脑勺的照片 比世界上其他任何人的都多。（笑声）抱歉，Sharon。这张应该可以了。

0:38

我们都需要能给我们反馈信息的人。这是我们不断自我发展的方式。遗憾的是，有一群人 几乎收不到系统化的反馈信息 来提高他们的工作效率，而这一群人 从事着世界上最重要的职业之一。我指的就是老师们。当Melinda和我了解到 大部分老师得到的有用的反馈有多么少时，我们惊呆了。直到最近，超过98%的老师 得到的反馈只包含一个词： 满意。如果我的桥牌教练只跟我说 我的表现“令人满意”，我永远也不可能变得更好。我怎么知道谁是最好的？ 我怎么知道什么事我做的和别人不一样？ 现在，各个校区都在改进 评估教师的方式，但是我们仍给他们很少能够 提高他们工作水平的反馈信息。我们的教师应该受到更好的对待。今天我们在用的系统对他们不公平。这系统对学生也不公平，而且置美国的全球领导地位于

teachers, but we still give them almost no feedback that actually helps them improve their practice.Our teachers deserve better.The system we have today isn't fair to them.It's not fair to students, and it's putting America's global leadership at risk.So today I want to talk about how we can help all teachers get the 水深火热之中。因此今天我想讲讲我们如何能帮助所有的老师 获得他们想要而且值得获得的提高自己的工具。

tools for improvement they want and deserve.2:02 Let's start by asking who's doing

well.Well, unfortunately there's no international ranking tables for teacher feedback systems.So I looked at the countries whose students perform well academically, and looked at what they're doing to help their teachers improve.Consider the rankings for reading proficiency.The U.S.isn't number one.We're not even in the top 10.We're tied for 15th with Iceland and Poland.Now, out of all the places that do better than the U.S.in reading, how many of them have a formal system for helping teachers improve? Eleven out of 14.The U.S.is tied for 15th in reading, but

2:02

我们先来问问谁做得比较好。

遗憾的是，国际上没有一个用来给评估老师的系统分等级的标准。所以我看了看 那些拥有学术表现非常好的学生的国家，然后看看他们在做什么 来帮助他们的教师提高教学水平。我们来看看阅读水平的排名。美国并不是第一。我们甚至连前十都没能进入。我们和冰岛以及波兰并列排名第15名。在阅读水平方面 做得比美国出色的地方中 又有多少个拥有能帮助教师提高自己的 正规流程？ 11个。在阅读方面美国并列第15名，但在科学与数学方面我们分别排在第23名与第31名。因此我们只有一个方面排名比较靠前，而那就是无法提供给教师 发展自己所需要的帮

we're 23rd in science and 31st in 助。math.So there's really only one area where we're near the top, and that's in failing to give our teachers the help they need to develop their skills.3:04 Let's look at the best academic

performer: the province of Shanghai, China.Now, they rank number one across the board, in reading, math and science, and one of the keys to Shanghai's incredible success is the way they help teachers keep improving.They made sure that younger teachers get a chance to watch master teachers at work.They have weekly study groups, where teachers get together and talk about what's working.They even require each teacher to observe and give feedback to their colleagues.3:41

3:04

我们来看看学业上表现最好的地区： 中国的上海。他们在阅读，数学以及科学等所有方面 排名都是第一，而上海能有这种令人惊讶的成功的关键之一就在于 他们帮助教师不断自我发展的方式。他们确保年轻的教师 有机会看到资深教师授课。他们每周都有让老师聚在一起 并讨论哪些教学方法比较有用的学习会。他们甚至要求每位老师观察 他的同事并给他们反馈信息。

3:41

You might ask, why is a system like this so important? It's because there's so much variation in the teaching profession.Some teachers are far more effective than others.In fact, there are teachers throughout the country who are helping their students make extraordinary gains.If today's average teacher could become as good 也许你会问，为什么这样的系统那么重要？ 这是因为在教师这个职业中 有太多的不同。有的教师的教学效率远远超过其他教师。事实上，在全国各地有一些老师正在帮助他们的学生实现难以想象的巨大进步。如果今天的普通老师 能和那些老师一样好，我们的学生就可以as those teachers, our students would be blowing away the rest of the world.So we need a system that helps all our teachers be as good as the best.4:14 What would that system look

like? Well, to find out, our foundation has been working with 3,000 teachers in districts across the country on a project called Measures of Effective Teaching.We had observers watch videos of teachers in the classroom and rate how they did on a range of practices.For example, did they ask their students challenging questions? Did they find multiple ways to explain an idea? We also had students fill out surveys with questions like, “Does your teacher know when the class understands a lesson?” “Do you learn to correct your mistakes?”

4:55

在全世界独领风骚了。因此我们需要一个能使我们每一位教师 和最好的教师一样好的系统。

4:14

这样一个系统会是什么样子的？ 为了查明这个事情，我们的基金会 和全国各个校区 的3000多名老师合作开展了 一个叫“有效教育方式”(MET)的项目。我们派遣观察员观看 老师在教学中的录像 并且评估他们所做的一系列事情。举例来说，他们有没有问学生 具有挑战性的问题？ 他们有没有找到多种方式来解释一个概念？ 我们也让学生做包含如 “你的老师是否知道 整个班级听懂了一堂课？” “你是否学会了改正错误？”等问题的问卷。

4:55

And what we found is very exciting.First, the teachers who did well on these observations had far better student outcomes.So it tells us we're asking the right questions.And second, teachers in 结果令我们非常惊喜。首先，在这些评测中表现很好的老师 所教出来的学生也更好。这说明我们问的问题是对的。其次，参与这个项目the program told us that these videos and these surveys from the students were very helpful diagnostic tools, because they pointed to specific places where they can improve.I want to show you what this video component of MET looks like in action.5:28(Music)

5:31(Video)Sarah Brown Wessling: Good

morning everybody.Let's talk about what's going on today.To get started, we're doing a peer review day, okay? A peer review day, and our goal by the end of class is for you to be able to determine whether or not you have moves to prove in your essays.5:46 My name is Sarah Brown Wessling.I am a high school English teacher at Johnston High School in Johnston, Iowa.5:51 的老师告诉我们 这些录像以及向学生发放的调查问卷 是非常有用的诊断工具，因为它们指明了教师们 能够改进的具体环节。我想让你们看看MET中的视频部分 是什么样的。

5:28

（音乐）

5:31

（录像）Sarah Brown Wessling: 大家早上好。让我们说说今天干些什么。首先，今天将会是一个“同学互评日”。这个“同学互评日”的目的就是在下课前 大家可以好好判断 自己作文是不是经得起推敲。

5:46

我的名字是

Sarah Brown Wessling。我在衣阿华州的Johnston的Johnston高中 担任英语老师。

5:51

Turn to somebody next to you.Tell

转向你们身边的一个人。告诉他们them what you think I mean when I talk

你认为我说“经得起推敲”时我是什about moves to prove.I've talk about

么意思。我曾说过----

5:56

5:56 I think that there is a difference for teachers between the abstract of how we see our practice and then the concrete reality of it.6:03 Okay, so I would like you to please

bring up your papers.6:07 I think what video offers for us

is a certain degree of reality.You can't really dispute what you see on the video, and there is a lot to be learned from that,and there are a lot of ways that we can grow as a profession when we actually get to see this.I just have a flip camera and a little tripod and invested in this tiny little wide-angle lens.At the beginning of class, I just perch it in the back of the classroom.It's not a perfect shot.It doesn't catch every little thing that's going on.But I can hear the sound.I can see a lot.And I'm able to learn a lot from it.So it really has been a simple but powerful tool in my own reflection.我认为对于老师而言，我们对我们的表现的抽象看法 和实际情况是

有区别的。

6:03

好的，请你们拿出你们的纸张。

6:07

我认为视频 给我们展现了某种程度的现实。你无法对你在视频中看到的表示异议，你从中能学到很多，而且当我们看到它时我们看到有很多方式 能让我们的职业水平更上一层楼。我只有这个轻按相机和这个小小的三脚架 并再花了一点钱买了这个微小的广角镜。在开始上课的时候，我就把 相机放在教室的后面。视角并非完美。它没法捕捉到发生的每一件事。但我能听见声音。我能看到很多。而且我能从中学到很多。因此它成了一个用于自我反思的 简单而强大的工具。

6:47

6:47 All right, let's take a look at the 好的，我们先看看比较长的一段，怎

long one first, okay? 么样？

6:51

6:51 Once I'm finished taping, then I put it in my computer, and then I'll scan it and take a peek at it.If I don't write things down, I don't remember them.6:58 So having the notes is a part of my

thinking process, and I discover what I'm seeing as I'm writing.I really have used it for my own personal growth and my own personal reflection on teaching strategy and methodology and classroom management, and just all of those different facets of the classroom.7:18 I'm glad that we've actually done the process before so we can kind of compare what works, what doesn't.7:23

一旦录完了，我就把它放到电脑里，扫描一下然后看一眼。如果我不把东西写下来我就无法记住它们。

6:58

因此记笔记也是我思考过程中的一部分，而当我在做记录时我也就发现了我在看的是什么。我把它用于我的个人成长 以及关于教学方式，教学原则，课堂管理等 各种各样的和课堂有关的方面的个人反思。

7:18

我很高兴我们以前做过类似的事 情 所以我们能通过比较得出孰优孰劣。

7:23

I think that video exposes so much of what's intrinsic to us as teachers in ways that help us learn and help us understand, and then help our broader communities understand what this complex work is really all about.I think it is a way to exemplify and illustrate things 我觉得视频揭示了 大量的所对我们老师而言 从根本上帮助我们学习和理解的方式方法，并且也帮助社会理解 这个复杂的工作究竟是干嘛的。我认为这展现了一些事that we cannot convey in a lesson plan,things you cannot convey in a standard, things that you cannot even sometimes convey in a book of pedagogy.7:53 Alrighty, everybody, have a great

weekend.I'll see you later.7:57 [Every classroom could look like that]

7:59(Applause)

8:05 Bill Gates: One day, we'd like every

classroom in America to look something like that.But we still have more work to do.Diagnosing areas where a teacher needs to improve is only half the battle.We also have to give them the tools they need to act on the diagnosis.If you learn that you need to

情 他们是我们无法用教学计

划，一个标准，甚至一个关于教育学的书 来表达的。

7:53

好了，大家，祝你们周末愉快。

下次见。

7:57

[每一个教室都能像那样]

7:59

（掌声）

8:05

比尔

盖茨：我们希望有一天全美的教室 都可以像这样。但我们还有很多事要做。梳理出一位老师在什么地方需要改进 只是战斗的一半。我们还要给他们能让他们基于诊断结果 采取措施的工具。如果你知道你要提高自己 教分数的方式，你应该可以看一段 世上最好的人教分数的视频。

improve the way you teach fractions, you should be able to watch a video of the best person in the world teaching fractions.8:33 So building this complete teacher

feedback and improvement system won't be easy.For example, I know some teachers aren't immediately comfortable with the idea of a camera in the classroom.That's understandable, but our experience with MET suggests that if teachers manage the process, if they collect video in their own classrooms, and they pick the lessons they want to submit, a lot of them will be eager to participate.9:02 Building this system will also

require a considerable investment.Our foundation estimates that it could cost up to five billion dollars.Now that's a big number, but to put it in perspective, it's less than two percent of what we spend every year on teacher salaries.9:24

8:33

所以说建立一个完整的能给予老师 反馈信息以及自我发展手段的系统不会简单。比如说，我知道一些老师 对于在教室中放一个摄像机这样的想法 感到不舒适。这是可以理解的，但是我们在MET中的经验 说明了如果老师们能忍受这一个过程，如果他们在教室中录制视频，然后选择他们想提交的视频，很多老师会踊跃参与。

9:02

建立这样一个体系也会需要 大量的投资。我们的基金会估计会花费 多至50亿美元。这是一个庞大的数字，但如果我们换一个视角来看，这比我们每年付给老师的工资 的2%还要少。

9:24

The impact for teachers would be phenomenal.We would finally have a way to give them feedback, as well as the means to act on it.这样一个系统对于老师的影响是无法估量的。我们终于会有一个能给他们反馈信息，并让他们照此采取措施的方式。

9:34

9:34 But this system would have an even

more important benefit for our country.It would put us on a path to making sure all our students get a great education,find a career that's fulfilling and rewarding, and have a chance to live out their dreams.This wouldn't just make us a more successful country.It would also make us a more fair and just one, too.10:01 I'm excited about the opportunity to give all our teachers the support they want and deserve.I hope you are too.10:11 Thank you.但是这样一个系统对我们国家 的好处会更大。它会让我们走上一条能确保 我们的学生能收到良好教育，找到一份报酬丰厚而且令人满意的事业，并且让他们有机会实现自己的梦想的道路。这不仅会使我们的国家更成功。这也会使我们的国家更充满公平与正义。

10:01

我为能给老师们

他们想要且应得的支援的机会感到欣喜。我希望大家也是。

10:11

谢谢。

第二篇：比尔.盖茨：释放你的创造力(中英文对译)

比尔·盖茨：释放你的创造力(中英文对译)

Unleashing your creativity

By Bill Gates

I’a better place.For as long as I can remember, I’ve loved learning new things and solving problems.So when I sat down at a computer for the first time in seventh grade, I was hooked.It was a clunky old Teletype machine today.But it changed my life.When my friend Paul Allen and I started Microsoft 30 years ago, we had a vision of “a computer on every desk and in every home,” which probably sounded a little too optimistic at a time when most computers were the size of refrigerators.But we believed that personal computers would change the world.And they have.And after 30 years, I’m still as inspired by computers as I was back in seventh grade.I believe that computers are the most incredible tool we can use –– to help us solve problems that even the smartest people couldn’t solve on their own.Computers have transformed how we learn, giving kids everywhere a window into all of the world’s knowledge.They’re helping us build communities around the things we care about and to stay close to the people who are important to us, no matter where they are.Like my friend Warren Buffett, I feel particularly lucky to do something every day that I love to do.He calls it “tap-dancing to work.” My job at Microsoft is as challenging as ever, but what makes me “tap-dance to work” is when we show people something new, like a computer that can recognize your handwriting or your speech, or one that can store a lifetime’s worth of photos, and they say, “I didn’t know you could do that with a PC!”

But for all the cool things that a person can do with a PC, there are lots of other ways we can put our creativity and intelligence to work to improve our world.There are still far too many people in the world whose most basic needs go unmet.Every year, for example, millions of people die from diseases that are easy to prevent or treat in the developed world.improving health and education in a way that can help as many people as possible.As a father, I believe that the death of a child in Africa is no less poignant or tragic than the death of a child anywhere else.And that it doesn’t take much to make an immense difference in these children’s lives.I’m still very much an optimist, and I believe that progress on even the world's toughest problems is possible –– and it’s happening every day.We’re seeing new drugs for deadly diseases, new diagnostic tools, and new attention paid to the health problems in the developing world.I’m excited by the possibilities I see for medicine, for education and, of course, for technology.And I believe that through our natural inventiveness, creativity and willingness to solve tough problems, we’re going to make some amazing achievements in all these areas in my lifetime.释放你的创造力

---比尔·盖茨

我天生乐观，坚信人类凭创造力和聪明才智可以让世界日益美妙，这一设想一直根植于我的内心深处。

自从记事起，我就热衷于接触新事物、挑战难题。可想而知，我上七年级时第一次坐在计算机前是何等着迷，如入无我之境。那是一台锵锵作响的旧牌机器，和我们今天拥有的计算机相比，它相当逊色几乎一无所用，但正是它改变了我的生活。

30年前，我和朋友保罗·艾伦创办微软时，我们幻想实现“在每个家庭、在每张办公桌上都有一台计算机”，这在大多数的计算机体积如同冰箱的尺寸的年代，听起来有点异想天开。但是我们相信个人电脑将改变世界。今天看来果真如此。30年后，我仍然象上七年级的时候那样为计算机而狂热着迷。

我相信计算机是我们用来满足好奇心及发明创造的最神奇的工具––有了它们的帮助，甚至是最聪明的人凭自身力量无法应对的难题都将迎刃而解。计算机已经改变了我们的学习方式，为全球各地的孩子们开启了一扇通向大千世界知识的窗户。它可以帮我们围绕我们关注的事物建立“群”，让我们和那些对自己重要的人保持密切联系，不管他们身处何方。

就像我的朋友沃伦·巴菲特一样，我为每天都能做自己热爱的事情而感到无比幸运。他称之为“踢踏舞工作”。我在微软的工作永远充满挑战，但使我一直坚持“踢踏舞工作”的是我们向人们展示某些新成果的那些时刻，当他们看到计算机能辨认笔迹、语音或者能存储值得保留一辈子的照片时就会赞不绝口：“我不敢相信个人电脑竟如此万能”。但是，除了能用电脑做出很酷的事情之外，我们还能通过许多别的方式在工作中发挥自己的创造力和聪明才智，以改善我们的世界。全球仍有许许多多的人连最基本的生存需求都未能解决。举例来说，每年仍有数以万计的人死于那些在发达国家易于预防和治疗的疾病。

我认为，我所拥有的大量财富也使我负有回馈社会的责任。我的妻子梅林达和我致力于为尽可能多的人改善健康和教育.作为一个父亲，我认为，非洲孩子死去所引起的痛苦和悲伤丝毫不亚于任何其他的孩子的死亡；我认为，使这些孩子们的命运发生翻天地覆的变化并不费太大力气。

我仍是一个坚定的乐观主义者，我坚信即使世界级难题取得进展都是有可能的––其实每天也都在发生着这种事情。我们看到治疗致命疾病的新药、新的诊断器械不断出现，而且，发展中国家的健康问题进入了人们的视野并日益得到重视。

我为医药、教育，当然还有技术发展的诸多前景而欢欣鼓舞。我相信，凭借人类与生俱来的发明创造能力和不畏艰难、坚忍不拔的品格，在我的有生之年里我们将在所有这些领域都创造出可喜的成就。