高考英语阅读理解中的长难句

第一篇：高考英语阅读理解中的长难句

高考英语阅读理解中的长难句分析-

再复杂的复合句，只要能恰当地运用句法知识进性结构和功能分析，就可突破其含义，准确地理解短文大意，获取重要信息。

一、抓住结构引导词分析其长难句结构和功能

任何一个复杂长句都不外乎由一个或多个并列结构和复合句构成。并列结构一般有连词and，but，or等连接；复合句按其在句中的作用可分为名词性从句、形容词性从句(定语从句)和副词性从句(状语从句)三大类。任何一个复合句都有一个至几个反应逻辑、意义及结构关系的引导词，找出这些引导词就能分析出复合句的完整句子结构，清理出完整意义。平时要注意积累表示各种逻辑关系的连词和短语。表示目的：

so that，for the purpose that，in order that等；表示结果：so…that…，such…that…，as a result，therefore，thus等；表示条件：if，on condition that，unless等；表示原因：because，since，as等。

【例l】Another good thing about the use of noise-killing systems is that it saves the need for a silencer, which not only and work better．(NMETl995 C篇)

析：这是一个含有that引导的表语从句的复合句。并且表语从句后接了which 引导的非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句内有not only…but also…连接的并列结构。句意：噪音消除系统应用的另一好处就是没有必要使用消声器．这不仅减轻了轿车的重量。而且使发动机耗油更少，运转更好。

【例2】We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields，Normans were doing most of the eating．(NMET2001D篇)

析：whether…or…表示判断选择的搭配结构，which 引出定语从句，指代前文中的事实，that引出同位语从句，while里，还是即将就厨。这表明撒可逊农民干的是农活而上层的诺曼人干的是吃喝。

【例3】A Swedish Kennel Club official explains what this means: if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car，as the owner，you have to pay for any damage done to the car，even if your dog has been killed in the accident．(NMETl997 C篇)

析：该句前半部分explain接what引导的宾语从句：后半部分对此进行具体解释，其中，在主句前后各有一个if导的条件状语从句和even if引导的让步状语从句。as the owner是插入语。句意：一个瑞典Kennel俱乐部的官员解释了这项(法律)的含义，如果你的狗跑到公路上被汽车撞了。作为主人。即使你的狗被撞死了，你也要为被撞坏的汽车做出赔偿。

【例4】，found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw(缩回)my full fist without dropping the prize SO dearly won．(2005全国I卷E篇)

析：全句是由and连接的两个并列分句，在前半句中含有which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句．在定语从句中，means后接宾语从句，意为―首先，我必在叶丛中找到红的西红柿，这意味着我差不多要倒立了‖。在后半句中once found为一省略they are的时状语从句。主句中reach，pick，withdraw为并列谓语动词，意为―一旦发现，我必须伸手到底下摘西红柿，然后缩回来，而不把用这么昂贵的方式得来的奖品弄丢‖。

【例5】It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computersjust about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when an e-mail is introduced，the printers start working overtime.That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet．

析：此句夹杂较复杂的句型结构。although引导的让步状语从句中，主干部分为just about anyone can tell you that…在that引导的宾语从句中又含有when引导的时间状语从句。句意：由于因特网的使用。计算机所使用的纸张的数量是很难衡量的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人都能告诉你。当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于越来越多的使用因特网。

【例6】These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for tings and ideas that we simply can't think of．

析：后句包含两个定语从句，一个是由which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰words；一个是由that引导的定语从句修饰things and ideas。该句意为：这些字是我编造的，必定代表我们没有想到的事物和主意。

二、抓主干、剔从句

一个句子的支架就是句中的谓语动词。根据英语中五种基本句型结构，把句子中的主语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来，其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则一目了然易于理解。一些长句其实就是一个由主句和若干个状语从句 1

组成的一个多层次主从复合句，一定要搞清主句和状语从句之间的逻辑关系，只要把逻辑关系搞清楚了，则长难句就好对付了。如果把各个从句剔出来单独理解，再把大意拼凑起来，构成整个

长句的意思，就可降低长句的理解难度。如：

【例1】(2005全国I卷E篇)

析：句子主干部分为one tiny 9-inch plant has already taken over much of my rose bed and…。bought短语、covering短语分别作定语和状语。句意：一个在春天时花$1．25买的九英寸植物已经接管了我的玫瑰苗圃，覆盖了我的其他植物。正在向前门发展。

【例2】 Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest ．(2005全国I卷D篇1

析：句子主干部分为Lewis found that…，在that引导的宾语从句中，含有两个who引导的定语从句。修饰 the oldest child和the youngest。句意：莱温斯发现在有三、四个孩子的家庭里，晚餐的谈话焦点往往是年龄最大和最小的孩子。最大的总是有许多的东西要说，而最小的则需要最多的关照。

【例3】 that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer..(NMET2002春招D篇)析：第一个that引出宾语从句，第二个that引出定语从句。第三个that引出同位语从句。句意：Pasteur发现(宾语从句)在酒发酵之后，再加温几分钟，能杀死残留在酒中的酵母(定语从句)，其结果能使酒的保鲜时间更长(同位语从句。

【例4】 family was willing to honor his wishes and donate his organs for transplantation．(NMET2002春招E篇)

析：在这个句子中，what引出主语从句。who引出定语从句，is后用that引出两个并列表语从句。句意：关于那个救了他的命的19岁的人(定语从句)winter知道的仅仅是，(主语从句)他死于一场车祸(表语从句1)，他的家人尊重他的意愿把他的器官捐献出来，用于移植(表语从句2)。

【例5】working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able t study at the Ecole polytechnique.(03C篇)析：句子主干部分为the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，过去分词短语put forward by…作状语，现在分词短语including…作定语，短语中含有两个由wh0引导的定语从句。句意：这个定理．先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难。包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习曾女扮男装。

三、抓关键词

关键词即为含有句子主要意思的关键信息，抓住关键词读者可以快速抓住该句大意和理解线索。

【例1】Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the program and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet，whether it be cat, dog or snake!(NMET2003C篇)

析：关键词：fans…爱好者．whether…or…无论是……还是……句意：来自动物医院(这个电视节目)的故事(这本书)，将使这个电视节目的爱好者以及对无论是猫、狗还是蛇这类宠物有浓厚兴趣的任何人感到高兴。

【例2】After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success, that is, when guests leave the igloo hotel they will receive a paper stating that they have had a taste of adventure．

析：句中含两个分词短语，关键词state―表明‖。句意：在他们逗留之后。所有的游客都会收到一份生存证明记录他们的成功．也就是说当游客离开小冰屋旅馆时，他们会得到一份证明．表明他们曾尝试过冒险。

【例3】白领雇员), who can afford white—collar employees．

析：关键词：rest in依赖，in other words换句话说。句意：主要的市场因素取决于白领工人的人数增加，这些人付得起这种新型服务。换句话说，上海的汽车出租行业发展如此快，主要是因为白领工人人数的增加。

四、恢复原来面貌，理解创新句型

难句的另一种形式是各种创新句型，主要形式有省略、插入语、前置、倒装、强调、被动、双重否定等结构。我们可以利用还原法和消原法，还复杂句型以本来面目，以求顺利理解。

【例1】Excused from recycling(回收利用)because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute(垃圾道)（00E篇)析：分析句子结构及语法功能不难发现该句为省略句，可补充还原为：Are you excused from recycling because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute?你住在带垃圾通道的高层楼房上就可获准不参与回收利用垃圾吗?

【例2】Betty, shrugs.Talk? We’re friends．(NMET2001 E篇)

析：该句为省略句，根据上下文作者因妻子长时间跟女友谈话而感到纳闷的情节，该句可补充还原为：Betty shrugs.Why are we talking so long? We’re friends．贝蒂耸了耸肩，为什么我们谈这么久?我们是朋友。

【例3】 ―Most women, ‖says Rubin, ―identified(认定)at least one, usually more, trusted friends to whom they could turn in a troubled moment, and they spoke openly about the importance of these relationships in their lives．‖(NMET01 E篇)析：该句为由并列连词and连接的并列复合句。前半分句主谓部分被says Rubin分开，且含有一个由to whom引导的定语从句．turn to中介词to前置。Rubin说多数女子会认定至少一个．通常多个，可信赖的朋友，以便在处境困难时去求助。

【例4】 No longer will the public accept the old attitude of ―Buy it．throw it away，and forget it．‖(01 C篇)

析：本句为倒装句，可还原成：The public will no longer accept the old attitude of ―Buy it，throw it away，and forget it‖．公众们不再接受―购产品、丢产品、忘产品‖的旧观点。

【例5】How is it t hat the can leave Betty and her friend Joan sitting on the sofa, talking, go out to a ballgame，come back three and a half hours later, and they’re still sitting on the sofa ,talking?(NMET2001 E篇)

析：这是一个it强调句型的疑问句，that后有两个由and连接的并列分句，前一并列分句为leave，go out, come back为并列的谓语动词。句中的两个talking作状语表示伴随动作。的爱心的狗能成为无判断力的(忠实的)听者，这是刚开始搞阅读的小孩所需要的。

Part A

1.Jenner discovered that people who worked with cattle often suffered from a harmless disease which they caught from the cattle, but these people never seemed to get smallpox.(上海1997 B篇)

2.My parents wanted to know if I was sure, if I knew what it meant and whether I realized that if I gave up my job training，it would be very difficult to get a good job．(上海1997 A篇)

3.Victor Prozorov’s disappointment was shared by several grand masters who were present，some of whom were so upset that they shouted at the computer---a better chess player．(NMETl991 C篇)

4.Decision is not unlike poker – it often matter not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.(NMET2000C篇)

5.With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence, according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA)in Salt Lake City.(NMET2003B篇)

6．Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.7．In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale，had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.8.Discrimination(歧视)isn’t their only concern；almost everyone testing positive for the Huntington’s gene(基因)develops symptoms(症状)during middle age，and doctors can do nothing to help.9.I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our

nonrenewable(不能再生的)resources，our children may have to lead poorer lives.10.However，those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal-arts students(文科生)graduate with the belief that the prospective(预期的)workplace may not have a place for them..11.His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently（无知地）enough when, as chairman of Computer Associates

International，a software company，he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.12.I have known changes for the better and changes for the worse，but I have never questioned the fact that whether I liked it or not，change was unavoidable.13.They also found that the bus conductor had a major role in preventing vandalism（故意破坏行为），and at the times he went up the stairs to the upper deck to collect fares，vandalism did not often occur.14.Such tasks are generally important in their outcome，which only adds to the pressure to do good job，and yet their very complexity makes it difficult to know just where or how to begin.15.Today it is not unusual for a student，even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer，to have $5,000 in loans(贷款)after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation.16.What emerges(浮现)is a picture of an environment where the emphasis is on managing the technology as it spies on people doing their jobs，rather than promoting quality service to customers and providing a fair workplace.17.Justice does demand that murderers be punished.And common sense demands that society be protected from them.But neither justice nor self-preservation demands that we kill men whom we have already imprisoned.Part B

1.Their study found that theobromine，found in cocoa，was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine，which was considered the best cough medicine at present.The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more

effective cough treatment，―while coughing is not necessarily harmful(有害的)it can have a major effect on the quality of life and‖ this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem，‖ said Professor Peter Barnes.(08全国 ll D篇)实例： 53.According to Professor Barnes，theobromine______.A.cannot be as effective as codeineB.can be harmful to people’s health

C.cannot be separated from chocolateD.can be a more effective cure for coughs

2.Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth’s surface.It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere.Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere，30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth’s surface.The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet.(NMET 2008 江苏卷B篇)

实例： 60.Only a small part of the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s surface because most of it is______.A.absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphere

C.lost in the upper and lower atmosphereB.reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere D.used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakes

3.The response to her request for help was so huge that Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Environment(Kids F.A.C.E.)in 1989.There are now 300，000 members of Kids FACE worldwide and is the world’s largest youth environmental organization.(NMET 2008 山东卷D篇)

实例：72.Kids F.A.C.E is______.A.a program to help students with writingB.a project of litter recycling

C.a campaign launched by President BushD.a club of environmental protection

73.What can we learn about Poe?

A.She was awarded a prize in Brazil.B.She donated billboard across the country.C.She got positive responses for her effortsD.She joined the National Park Service.4.One of the reasons that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer(同龄人)group.(08 辽宁卷C篇)实例： 64.Why did Tom give up studying?

A.He disliked his teachers.C.It’s cool for boys of his age not to care about studies.B.His parents no longer supported him.D.There were too many subjects in his secondary school.5.The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in people’s lives.Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple.Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people，ending in the shopper giving up and walking away，or just buying an unsuitable item(商品)that is not really wanted.(NMET 2008重庆卷E篇)实例：73.Why do more choices of goods give rise to anxiety?

A.Professionals find it hard to decide on a suitable product.B.People are likely to find themselves overcome by business persuasion.C.Shoppers may find themselves lost in the broad range of items.D.Companies and advertisers are often misleading about the range of choice.6.As the only girl in a family of seven children，she often felt like she had ―seven fathers，‖ because her six brothers，as well as her father，tried to control her.Feeling shy and unimportant，she retreated(躲避)into books.Despite her love of reading，she did not do well in elementary school because she was too shy to participate.(NMET 2008天津卷A篇)

实例：36.Which of the following is TRUE about Cisneros in her childhood?

A.She had seven brothers.B.She felt herself a nobody.C.She was too shy to go to school.D.She did not have any good teachers.7.They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness.Or，in summer，they may think it is the heat.However，the real reason lies inside their bodies.At that time —about eight hours after you wake up—your body temperature goes down.This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy.(NMET 2008 四川卷C篇)

实例：44.Why do people feel sleepy in the early afternoon according to the text?

A.They eat too much for lunch.B.They sleep too little at night.C.Their body temperature becomes lower.D.The weather becomes a lot warmer.8.These brain differences also explain the fact that more men take up jobs that require good spatial skills，while more women speech skills.It may all go back to our ancestors(祖先)，among whom women needed speech skills to take care of their babies and men needed spatial skills to hunt，according to one research.(NMET 2008陕西卷E篇)

实例：59.Which of the following do you agree with according to the fourth paragraph?

A.Young boys may be stronger than young girls.B.More women take up jobs requiring speech skills

C.Women may have stronger feelings than men.D.Our ancestors needed more spatial skills.9.In those days，IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it.However，a lot of IP，including songs，films，books and artwork，can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet.(NMET2008江西卷D篇)

实例： 69.What do we know about the Internet according to the passage?

A.It makes IP rights harder to protect.B.It sells songs and films.C.It does not affect the way we understand IP rights.D.It prevents the production of artwork.70.According to paragraph 2，what has ―taken the world by storm‖?

A.Intellectual property rights.B.The Internet.C.Free downloading.D.The large number of songs，films and books.10.The busier we are，the more important we seem to ourselves and，we imagine，to others.To be unavailable to our friends and family，and to be unable to find time to relax—this has become the model of a successful life.(NMET 2008湖北卷D篇)实例：74.According to Paragraph 4，a successful person is one who is believed to ____.A.be able to work without stressB.be more talented than other people

C.be more important than anyone elseD.be busy working without time to rest

11.The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account those people most at risk for skin cancer—people with fair skin and freckles(雀斑)，for example—are more likely to use sunscreen.As a result，it may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more often.(NMET 2008福建卷E篇)实例：73.People with fair skin and freckles______.A.seldom use sunscreenB.are more in danger of skin cancer

C.can be free from the harm of the sunD.often expose themselves to the sun

12.Yocum and Bell，who have just completed an art gallery for the city，feel that the experience from decoration of their building，focusing on the inside rather than the outside，has influenced their work.It has also given these architects a chance to show how they can make more out of less.(NMET 2008湖南卷B篇)

实例：63.It can be inferred from the passage that Yocum and Bell______.A.benefited a lot from pulling down the roofB.turned more old buildings into art galleries

D.paid more attention to the outside of the galleryC.got inspiration from decorating their old building

Part B答案

1—2 DC3.D C 4.C5.C6.B7.C8 B.9AC10.D11.B12.C

第二篇：2010-2018年英语高考全国卷中长难句及解析

2010-2018年全国卷长难句

1、(2018全国卷1阅读B)And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.译文： 这位“早安，英国”的电视节目主持人说，她能够在自己的家里把许多学到的东西付诸实践，为14岁的儿子山姆，13岁的芬恩，和11岁的杰克准备膳食。

分析：这是一个多重复合句，主句And the Good Morning Britain presenter says后面跟的是省略了that的宾语从句。宾语从句本身也是复合句，其中what she's learnt 也是宾语从句，preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11是-ing形式做伴随状语。

2、(2018全国卷1阅读C)The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.译文：一般的规律是，温和地带的通常为许多人所使用的语言相对较少，而炎热潮湿地带的语言较多，通常为少数人所使用。

分析：这是一个复合句，句中that引导一个表语从句；从句中often spoken by many people和often spoken by small numbers为-ed形式做定语，分别修饰few languages和lots。同时while在句中做并列连词，意为“然而”，表示对比。

3、(2018全国卷1七选五)A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in.译文：懂得这样处理自己居所的颜色选择是营造你喜爱房间的关键步骤之一。

分析：这是一个主从复合句。you’ll love to live in修饰先行词rooms, 省略了关系代词that/which。steps后的to 是介词，所以跟-ing形式creating。、(2018全国卷1完形填空)In order to pass the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our future professions and ,eventually, to our lives.译文：按照其他标准，要让这门课过关，我们必须写一篇论文，论述我们如何计划将所学的知识运用到将来的职业中，最终，运用到我们的生活中。

分析：这是一个主从复合句。how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to...用作介词on的宾语从句，其中what we would learn in class to...又用作apply的宾语从句。In order to pass the class为动词不定式短语作目的状语，among other criteria为介词短语，作方式状语。

5、(2018全国卷1语法填空)While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening lifethan walking, cycling or swimming.译文：虽然定期跑步并不能让你长生不老，但该评论称，它比散步、骑车或游泳更能延长寿命。分析：这是一个主从复合句。While引导的是一个让步状语从句，这里相当于Although。the review says后面跟的是宾语从句，省略了连词that。

6、(2018全国卷2阅读A)Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park，staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks.译文：周四，我们短途旅行去巴黎，游览巴黎迪斯尼乐园，晚些时候，我们观看游行和烟花。分析：这是一个主从复合句。where we will visit Disneyland Paris park是一个定语从句修饰先行词Paris；staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks是-ing形式做伴随状语。另外，本句的主句部分Thursday sees...运用了拟人的修辞格。

7、(2018全国卷2阅读B)When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”.译文：当冰冻香蕉和其他莓类或水果片混合时，就会成为制作浓郁冰凉果昔和低脂肪“冰淇淋”的不错的主要底料。

分析：这个句子的主干是 frozen bananas make an excellent base。When combined with berries or slices of other fruits是一个-ed形式用作时间状语。、(2018全国卷2阅读C)According to the report's key findings, “the proportion(比例)who say they‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”

译文：根据这个报告的重要发现，“那些说他们从来或者几乎不以读书为乐趣的人的比例分别从1984年的13岁中的8%，17岁中的9%上升到了现在的22%和27%。” 分析：这是一个主从复合句。句子主语是the proportion，谓语是has gone。who say they‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’read for fun 是一个定语从句修饰先行词the proportion，say 后面跟了一个省略了that的宾语从句。

9、(2018全国卷2阅读C)The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.译文：报告中所分享的最令人鼓舞的数据是：在阅读方面，父母是孩子的榜样和重要的楷模。分析：这是一个主从复合句。句子的主干是The most hopeful data shows clear evidence。shared in the report是-ed形式用作定语修饰data。when it comes to reading是一个时间状语从句。

10、(2018全国卷2阅读D)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation.译文：认为闲谈不重要而不予考虑很容易，但是我们不要忘记，如果没有随意的的聊天，就不会有深入的人际关系。

分析：这是一个由but 连接的两个并列句，第一个并列句中Dismissing small talk as unimportant 是主语；第二个并列句中forget后跟了一个that引导的宾语从句，其中还含有一个if 引导的条件状语从句，这里是虚拟语气。、(2018全国卷2七选五)Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.译文：锻炼会让你更加神清气爽，更好地应对一天当中发生的任何事情。分析： handle后跟了一个whatever引导的宾语从句，并且在句中作主语。

12、(2017年全国1卷阅读理解A篇)It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations.译文：这是一个惊人的成就，一个没有来自个人、公司和其他社会组织的慷慨的支持我们就不可能取得的成就。

分析：本句为复合句。其中，one指代前面的accomplishment，后面为定语从句，修饰先行词one，且从句使用了cannot和without表示双重否定。

13、(2017年全国1卷阅读理解D篇)Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.译文：接着把管子放在恰当的位置，使得管子的一端一直放在杯子里并且管子的其余部分向上延伸到坑的外部。

分析：本句为复合句。主句lay the tube in place为祈使句；so that引导目的状语从句，从句是and连接的并列句。

14、(2017年全国1卷阅读七选五)If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily.译文：如果三年前有人告诉我会用大部分的周末时间来野营，我会狂笑不已。

分析：本句为主从复合句。if引导的是条件状语从句，因表示对与过去事实相反的假设，所以本句中条件句使用过去完成时。此外从句中包含了一个that引导宾语从句。

15、(2017年全国1卷完形填空)Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL.译文：我不知道我竟然会爱上美式手语。

分析：此句为倒装句，little为否定词，当否定词位于句首时，句子要使用部分倒装。

16、(2017年全国1卷完形填空)What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past.译文：我所看到的和我之前经历的完全不同。

分析：此句中what 引导的是主语从句，作句子的主语。此外，I had experienced in the past为定语从句，修饰先行词anything。

17、(2017年全国1卷完形填空)Instead, if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less.译文：相反，如果有任何交谈，那会导致我们学到较少的东西。

分析：本句为复合句。if引导的是虚拟条件句，表示对过去的虚拟，所以本句中条件状语从句使用过去完成时there had been；主句使用“would have done”结构。

18、(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解A篇)By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.译文：通过把《爱的徒劳》那丰富、幽默的文本翻译成手语，Deafinitely 剧院创造了一种对莎士比亚喜剧新的解释，通过向失聪人群和听力健全人群演出，旨在在失聪和有声世界之间搭建一座桥梁。

分析：在本句中，By translating...BSL为方式状语，and连接creates和aims两个动词作并列谓语。

19、(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B篇)The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.（同位语从句、让步状语从句）

译文：拍电影和四年后出演The Sting的经历所建立起来的友谊源于一个事实：尽管我们存在年龄差距，但我们都源自戏剧和直播电视的传统。

分析：本句的主干是 The friendship had its root in the fact.。其中，grew out of...later为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词friendship；后面的although there was...live TV为that引导的同位语从句，解释说明fact的内容。此外，同位语从句中还包含了一个although引导的让步状语从句。

20、(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B篇)We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back 一 he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.（同位语从句、条件状语从句、定语从句）

译文：我们有着这样的信念—如果足够幸运获得成功，就应该有所回馈。他成立了 Newman’s Own食品公司和为病重孩子成立了Hole in the Wall camps夏令营，而我成立了圣丹斯协会和电影节。分析：本句中，that引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的内容；同位语从句中包含了一个if引导的条件状语从句；破折号后出现了一个who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词kid。

21、(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解C篇)Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.译文：Terrafugia 说机主需要通过测试并且完成20个小时的飞行时间才能驾驶 Transition，这一要求对于飞行员来说相对容易满足。

分析：本句中a requirement 为同位语，是对前面内容作补充说明，pilots would find relatively easy to meet是定语从句，省略了充当宾语的关系代词that/which，修饰先行词requirement.22、(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D篇)Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.(宾语从句、非谓语动词、定语从句)译文：早在1983年，杰克·舒尔茨和伊恩·鲍德温两个科学家报道说被昆虫咬的年轻枫树释放会一种邻近的植物能够获得的特殊气味。

分析：本句中that引导宾语从句，作reported的宾语，从句中包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词smell。getting bitten by insects为现在分词作后置定语，修饰maple trees。

23、(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读七选五)If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint(暗示）that when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.译文：如果有人敲门，并且不是什么重要的事情，那就礼貌地谢绝，让别人知道你很忙，这样他们就会得到暗示，当门关着的时候，你不想被打扰。

分析：本句为if引导条件状语从句。在主句中，you’re busy是know的宾语从句；so引导结果状语从句，在结果状语从句中包含一个that引导同位语从句，解释说明hint的内容。同时同位语从句又包含了一个when引导时间状语从句，因此句子的主句为you’re not to be disturbed.。

24、(2017年全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解B篇)Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.（定语从句）

译文：布拉德福德把建筑物和土地卖给了一家当地的开发商，这家开发商打算在电影院所在的土地上建一个购物中心。

分析：本句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a local development firm；此外，定语从句中又包含一个where引导的定语从句。

25、(2017年全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解D篇)The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.译文：纽卡斯尔大学的智能运输团队已经把电动汽车转变成名叫“DriveLAB”的移动实验室，目的是了解老年人司机面临的挑战和发现关键的问题所在。

分析：非谓语动词、宾语从句

26、(2017年全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解D篇)For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.译文：对于很多老年人来说，特别是那些独自居住在乡间的老年人，驾驶对于保持他们（老年人）的独立性是非常重要的，这也给了他们出行而不用依赖他人的自由。

27、(2017年全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解D篇)Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝)and inactive.译文：研究表明，放弃驾驶是导致老年人健康状况下降的主要原因之一，导致他们变得更加隔绝和懒散。

分析：that引导宾语从句，宾语从句中giving up driving为动名词短语作主语，leading to...作现在分词作状语。

28、(2017年全国Ⅲ卷完形填空)Axani wrote in his post that he is not looking for anything in return and that the woman who uses the extra ticket can choose to either travel with him or take the ticket and travel on her own.译文：Axani 在他的帖中说：他并不是寻求任何回报，使用这张多余机票的女士可以选择与他一起旅行，或者拿走机票自己旅行。

分析：本句中，that„and that„是并列的两个宾语从句，作wrote的宾语，who uses the extra ticket为定语从句，修饰先行词the woman。

29、(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解B篇)His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染)other students.译文：他的出现意味着课堂上我有一个意料之外的教学助手，他的创造力会感染其他学生。分析：本句为复合句；that引导的是宾语从句，作meant的宾语；在宾语从句中包含了由whose引导的定语从句，关系词whose在从句中作定语，表示所属关系。

30、(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解C篇)Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.译文：然后，大家可以把它（书）留在一个公共场合，希望这本书经历一场冒险，随着每个发现它的新读者来一场遥远广阔的旅行。

分析：Then the person leaves it in a public place为句子的主干，hoping that...是现在分词作伴随状语，that引导的是宾语从句，在宾语从句中又包含了一个现在分词短语traveling...作伴随状语；此外，在后一个伴随状语中还包含了一个由who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词reader。

31、(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D篇)Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.译文：Shackleton，一个曾经的英国上船船队军官，在1908年到达过距离南极点不足100英里的地方，在他1914年航海前开始做生意来从电影和摄影中赚钱。

分析：Shackleton started a business.为句子主干，a onetime British merchant-navy officer为Shackleton的同位语，同时作定语从句who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908的先行词，before his 1914 voyage 为时间状语，to make...为不定式作目的状语。

32、(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D篇)Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published..译文：Frank Hurley，一个自信的，有天赋的，对南极洲有了解的澳大利亚摄影师，被雇佣去拍照，其中大部分图片以前从未被发表过。

分析：Frank Hurley was hired.为句子主干，a confident and gifted Australian photographer为Frank Hurley的同位语，同时作定语从句who knew the Antarctic的先行词，to make...为不定式短语作目的状语，此外，还有一个which引导的非限制定语从句，修饰先行词images。

33、(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读七选五)It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.译文：它始于窥探自己的内心，和明白就自然界而言你是谁，以及如何处理园艺工作流程。（with respect to“就……而言，关于”）分析：It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding为句子主干，在understanding后有who和how引导的两个宾语从句。

34、(2016全国新课标甲卷完形填空)The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness, sympathetically jumped up.译文：坐在桌子旁的她，看到了我疯狂的举动，同情地跳了起来。

分析：本句的主干为The woman jumped up，sitting at the desk为现在分词短语作后置定语，seeing my madness为原因状语。

35、(2016全国新课标甲卷完形填空)It could be anything——gardening, cooking, music, sports——but whatever it is, make sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.译文：它可以是任何事——园艺活、做饭、音乐或是运动——但是不管是什么事，一定要确保它是一件放松日常压力而不是另外一件需要担心的事情。

分析：本句是由but连接的两个并列分句，在后一个分句中含有一个whatever引导的状语从句，主句是一个祈使句。

36、(2016全国新课标乙卷阅读理解A篇)If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.译文：如果不是Rachel Carson的话，今天的环保运动就可能不会存在。

分析：本句为复合句，主句为the environmental movement might not exist today，if引导条件状语从句。注意本句使用了虚拟语气，表示对现在的虚拟。

37、(2016全国新课标乙卷阅读理解B篇)Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Garza finally say yes.译文：经过一年友好的协商之后，Garza女士才最终同意。

分析：本句为倒装句，当only+状语位于句首，引起部分倒装，句子可还原为“Ms Garza finally say yes only after a year of friendly discussion”。

38、(2016全国新课标乙卷阅读理解B篇)Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead.译文：几乎每个祖父母都想和自己的孙子住在一起并愿意做出牺牲，但有时拒绝而取而代之以经常探访更为明智。

分析：本句是由but连接的两个并列分句，前一个分句and并列两个谓语动词表示顺承关系，后一个分句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式。

39、(2016全国新课标乙卷阅读理解C篇)For this courier job, you’re consciously aware that in that box you’ve got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.译文：对于这个递送的工作，你意识到在那个箱子里放的很可能是挽救别人生命的东西。分析：本句为复合句，前一个that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中包含了一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词something。

40、(2016全国新课标乙卷阅读理解D篇)Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.译文：当护士和其他看护者遇到的病人可能经历个人焦虑时，他们需要知道沉默的可能含义。分析：本句的主句为Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence，when引导时间状语从句，在时间状语从句中，their patients may be experiencing为定语从句，修饰先行词anxiety。

41、(2016全国新课标乙卷阅读理解D篇)Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示)is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.译文：因此，当一个来自其中某个文化群体的人在说话的时候突然停住时，可能是在暗示讲话者希望听众在继续（讲下去）之前思考一下刚才所讲的内容。

分析：本句中when引导的是时间状语从句；what may be implied为主语从句，that引导表语从句，在表语从句中，包含了一个what引导的宾语从句，作consider的宾语。

42、(2016全国新课标乙卷完形填空)Approaching the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.译文：他们走进这辆车，看到一位妇女试图从破了的车窗爬出来。

分析：本句中现在分词短语Approaching the vehicle作状语，that引导宾语从句，作saw的宾语，broken为过去分词作定语。

43、(2016全国新课标乙卷语法填空)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.译文：但我和熊猫的联系可以追溯到20世纪80年代中期的一档电视节目中，我是第一个被允许拍摄野外营救挨饿的熊猫影片的西方电视台记者。

分析：本句为主从复合句，其中when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the mid-1980s，过去分词短语permitted„作定语修饰reporter。

44、(2016全国新课标丙卷阅读理解C篇)To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.译文：对于习惯于在超市卖的黄金美味和皇家嘎啦这种有限苹果种类选择的人来说，看到仍旧存留的传统苹果是很长见识的，比如罗马人种植的Decio。

分析：本句的主句是it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式；此外，To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets为状语，状语中包含了who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people；本句最后还有一个which引导定语从句，修饰先行词Decio。

45、(2016全国新课标丙卷阅读理解D篇)Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad.译文：读者们也喜欢分享让他们感到兴奋或有趣的文章，或者是引发愤怒或焦虑的消极感受的文章，而不是仅仅让他们感到悲伤的文章。

分析：本句为复合句，三个that引导的定语从句对articles进行解释说明。

46、(2016全国新课标丙卷阅读七选五)When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.译文：当你买完鱼回家后，如果不立即烹饪你最好把鱼放在冰箱里保存，但新鲜的鱼只能在冰箱保存一到两天。

分析：本句为复合句，when引导时间状语从句，主句中还包含了if引导条件状语从句。

47、(2016全国新课标丙卷完形填空)We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player，but I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’ s accident.译文：我们是以10比1赢得比赛并且我被评为最有价值的球员，但我经常做疯狂的梦，在梦中我因为Miller的事故而受责备。

分析：本句是由but连接的两个并列分句，在后一个分句中包含了一个in which引导的定语从句。

48、(2016全国新课标丙卷语法填空)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.译文：一些人认为这位生活在公元前约551-479年的中国伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。分析：本句的主干为Some people think that Confucius influenced the development of chopsticks，其中that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中包含了一个who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词Confucius。

49、(2015全国新课标Ⅰ阅读理解B篇)Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where —— luckily for me —— I was planning to have dinner that very night.译文：眼前的西红柿令我欣喜不已，当我听说布朗的格鲁夫农场是杰克达斯蒂餐厅的供应商之一时，我更加高兴了。杰克达斯蒂餐厅是萨拉索塔丽思卡尔顿酒店新开张的一家餐厅——我感到很幸运——那天晚上我计划去那吃晚饭。

分析：as引导的是让步状语从句，从句用了倒装结构，表语前置；when引导的是时间状语从句；在时间状语从句中包含了由where引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词restaurant。

50、(2015全国新课标Ⅰ阅读理解C篇)The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.译文：巴黎的蓬皮社中心正在展出200多幅油画、雕塑和素描等作品，以此表达对这位艺术家及其伟大人格的尊敬和钦佩。

分析： The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration„为句子的主干，bringing together...是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰an exhibition。

51、(2015全国新课标Ⅰ阅读理解D篇)If life weren’t a battle, people wouldn’t need a special place just to speak.译文：如果人生不是一场战争，人们也不会需要一个仅仅去说话的特殊场所了。

分析：本句If引导的条件状语从句用了虚拟语气；主句中的just to speak作定语修饰place。

52、(2015全国新课标Ⅰ阅读七选五)But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.译文：但如果一段关系中缺乏信任，过错之人不为错误负责，你也无法获得成功。

分析：本句中when引导的是时间状语从句；that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词a lack of trust。此外，句中还包含一个where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词action。

53、(2015全国新课标Ⅱ阅读理解B篇)Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)when they’re in poorly lit places —— and so more likely to eat lots of food.译文：黑暗的环境更容易鼓励过量饮食，因为人们在灯光昏暗的地方很少会难为情—— 所以更可能吃大量的食物。

分析：本句中for引导表示原因的分句，分句中less self-conscious和后面的so more likely to eat lots of food是并列表语，分句中还有一个由when引导的时间状语从句。

54、(2015全国新课标Ⅱ阅读理解C篇)The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源)with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.译文：间隔年现象起源于牛津大学和剑桥大学申请在11月份入学考试至下一学年开始前空出的那几个月时间。

分析：本句中，句子主干是The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源)with the months，left over to Oxbridge applicants是过去分词短语作后置定语，between„and„是介词短语作定语，修饰的都是the months。

55、(2015全国新课标Ⅱ阅读七选五)No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.译文：没人能说哪个品牌最适合你或你穿哪一双脚最舒服，因此在购买时，你不得不根据你的经验和对每一双鞋的感觉。

分析：本句是由so连接的两个并列句；which引导的是宾语从句，作say的宾语；as you shop是由as引导的时间状语从句。

56、(2014全国新课标Ⅰ阅读理解A篇)The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.译文：这个挑战赛邀请，甚至挑战5到14岁的在校生创作艺术品或写一篇文章，来展示他们的好奇心，并告诉我们它如何激发他们去探索自我世界。

分析：that引导定语从句，在定语从句中，their curiosity和how引导的从句并列作show的宾语。

57、(2014全国新课标Ⅰ阅读理解B篇)It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons – a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world.译文：据统计，当旅鸽数量达到最多时，曾超过了30亿只，这个数量相当于美国鸟类总数的24%-40%，使旅鸽成为世界上数量最为庞大的鸟类。

分析：本句在“It be+过去分词+that从句”结构；从句中含有when引导的时间状语从句；3 billion passenger pigeons和 a number equal„是同位关系。此外，还有一个现在分词短语“making„”作结果状语。

58、(2014全国新课标Ⅰ阅读理解C篇)This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best , the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.译文：这让我陷入无休无止的烦恼之中，因为当所有的专家们都在忙着辩论哪个选择最好时，那些想改善自己生活的人们却被所有这些矛盾的信息弄得困惑不堪。

分析：本句中because引导的是原因状语从句，从句中while引导的是时间状语从句；此外，which引导宾语从句，作about的宾语；who引导宾语从句，修饰先行词people。

59、(2014全国新课标Ⅰ阅读七选五)By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.译文：不管未来如何变化，帮助他们开发经典的技能会对他们大有帮助的。

分析：that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词skills；从句中还含有一个no matter what引导的状语从句。

60、(2014全国新课标Ⅱ阅读理解A篇)He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one 译文：他向警方报了案，然后失落孤独地坐在一个陌生的城市里，想着要在一个遥远的国家把所有的材料重新整理是多么的麻烦，而同时他还要试着在一个新的国家安顿下来。

分析：句子的主干是He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city在此处为形容词短语，作补语，用来补充形容主语he当时的心情。thinking of„为现在分词短语作状语，在现在分词短语中，organized为过去分词作get的宾补，from a distant country为介词短语作状语。此外，while trying to settle down in a new one为时间状语。

61、(2014全国新课标Ⅱ阅读七选五)The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there’s nothing ready to eat.译文：当我已经饿了却没有准备好可以吃的东西的时候，我认为做饭是一种痛苦。

分析：第一个when引导定语从句，修饰先行词moment，“cooking„”为宾语从句，作think的宾语；后面的when引导的从句由and连接的两个并列句构成，作句子的表语。

62、(2013全国新课标ⅠC篇)However, he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.译文：但是他接下来谈论奥巴马的方式表明他对奥巴马的背景一无所知。

分析：本句中in a way为介词短语作方式状语；which引导的定语从句修饰先行词way；he had no idea of his background at all为省略了引导词that的宾语从句，作suggested的宾语。

63、(2013全国新课标Ⅱ阅读理解A篇)It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again.译文：它进一步要求，当碰到与自己相反的意见时，医生不能反应过度，那样可能会让其他医生下次不敢说出自己的看法。

分析：本句中that引导宾语从句，从句中when引导的是时间状语从句，which引导的是非限制性定语从句，指代先行词overreact。

64、(2013全国新课标Ⅱ阅读理解B篇)Today the “Fringe”, once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts.译文：曾经不被怎么人们认可的“艺穗节”如今的规模已经远远超越了艺术节，在艺为期21天的活动中，每天要上演约1500场戏剧、音乐和舞蹈。

分析：本句中“once less recognized”为省略句，省略了it was；此外还含有一个with sth.on结构，on在此处意为“上演”；“it last”是定语从句，修饰先行词21days。

65、(2013全国新课标Ⅱ阅读理解C篇)Given that many people's moods(情绪)are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate, it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drug store of Chinese medicine.译文：鉴于很多人的情绪是由巧克力的化学作用来调节的，那么有人把巧克力商店做成好像中药店一样可能只是个时间问题了。

分析：given that意为“考虑到，鉴于„„情况”，引导原因状语从句；主句中还含有一个before引导的时间状语从句。

66、(2012全国新课标阅读理解B篇)Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest.译文：一旦吸引了他们的注意，它就飞过森林，并时不时地等着那好奇的动物或人跟上来，因为它要带着他们找到蜂巢。

分析：Once引导的是条件状语从句，waiting from time to time for„为现在分词短语做伴随状语；as 引导的是原因状语从句。

67、(2012全国新课标阅读理解C篇)An actor and actress stood infront of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the water’s edge on an island.译文：一名男演员和一名女演员站在场景前，好让他们看起来像是站在一个小岛的水边。分析：so that引导的是结果状语从句；as if引导的是表语从句。

68、(2011全国新课标阅读理解C篇)They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy(经济), have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time.译文：越来越多的美国人迫于生活成本的上升和经济的衰退，首次开始经营蔬菜园子，他们就在其中。

分析：句子主干是They are among the growing number of Americans。“driven by higher„”是过去分词短语作定语，修饰Americans；“who,„have taken up vegetablegardening for the first time”是定语从句，修饰Americans。

69、(2011全国新课标阅读理解D篇)When you join the them in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties.译文：当你加入我们财务管理单位的这团队，你将协助财务部各部门的工作，处理邮件和其他日常事务。

分析：when引导的是时间状语从句；“dealing with„”是现在分词短语作伴随状语。

70、(2010大纲卷Ⅱ阅读理解A篇)One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them.译文：最感动我的一件事情是无论谁生病了，狗狗都在其身边陪伴着他。

分析：本句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the thing，that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them.中that引导表语从句，to 后又接一个宾语从句，表示无论是谁生病，and并列would go 和 be with。

71、(2010大纲卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇)Mr.Wei, a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing, sees the growth of an industry that could soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe, In recent years ski resorts offering natural snow have opened in China.译文：北京第一家滑雪旅游开发商经理魏先生，看到了中国旅游市场迅猛发展，很快便借鉴了欧洲滑雪的经验，最近几年滑雪旅游在中国流行起来。

分析： a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing作为Mr.Wei 的同位语，that could soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe引导一个定语从句修饰industry。最后部分用了offering分词做后置定语对resort的修饰。

72、(2010大纲卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇)The ski resort where Mr.Wei works cost nearly $4m to set up and as so often in China when someone comes up with a good idea,many others hash in and price wars break out.译文：魏先生工作的滑雪场将近花费了4百万，并且在中国，当其他人想出了一个主意，其他人就会爆发一场声势浩大的价格战。

分析：where引导了一个小的定语从句，when引导了一个状语从句，由此构成了这个句子。

73、(2010大纲卷Ⅱ阅读理解D篇)Science can't explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure(血压)and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.译文：科学无法解释宠物的力量，不过很多研究表明，有宠物的陪伴能帮助降低血压和增加心脏病发作后康复的机会，减少孤独感，并向周围传递喜悦的心情。

分析：本句是由表转折but连接的并列句。前一分句是一个简单句，but的后一分句中, 主干是many studies have shown that，that引导一个宾语从句，而这个宾语从句又是由一个较为复杂的简单句构成：动词help后面接的是四个省略to的并列宾语lower„and raise„,reduce„and spread„。

第三篇：高考英语阅读理解长难句的处理技巧1（写写帮推荐）

高考英语阅读理解长难句的处理技巧1 第四章： 省略（共4页）

英国大文豪莎士比亚在他的名著《哈姆雷特》里写过这么一句名言：Brevity is the soul of wit.(言以简洁为贵。)写文章也好,说话也好,都要求生动活泼,简单明了,因此,“简洁”乃是一篇好文章的基本要求之一。

文章要做到简洁,省略法(Ellipsis)是必用的。

英语句子中的某些成分因上下文已提供了充分明确的信息而不必出现,或前面已出现的某些成分,为了避免不必要的重复,可以不再出现而不致引起误解或歧义,这种语言现象就叫作省略。例如：Glad to see you.这是个简单句,主语I和谓语am可以省略。再如：London is on the Themes, and Paris on the Seine.这是一个并列复合句,后半句省略了谓语动词is,因为前面已经出现过,后面不必重复。英译汉时,为了使译文明确达意,符合汉语习惯,要在正确理解原文的基础上,对原文中省略的部分或保留或补全,或对其进行灵活处理。

有人将英语句子中的省略现象归纳为21种,本章只涉及在英语阅读中常遇到的比较复杂的省略现象。

1.The transcription needs a certain amount of editing, as even if the computer can tell the difference between words of similar sounds such as write and right, it is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary.第一层： The transcription 主 needs 谓 a certain amount of 定 editing, 宾 as even if the computer can tell the difference between words of similar 状语从句sounds such as write and right, it is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary.第二层：(状语从句)as 引 even if the computer can tell the difference between words of similar sounds such as write and right , 状语从句1 it 主 is 系 still not yet 状 able 表 to do the work 宾 as well as an inte-lligent secretary.状语从句2

第三层：(状语从句1)even if 引 the computer 主 can tell 谓 the difference 宾 between words of similar sounds 定 such as write and right 同位语

(状语从句2)as well as 引 an intelligent secretary 主

要点 本句中as引导原因状语从句,其中该句还带有一个由“even if”引导的让步状语从句；介词短语“between words of similar sounds”修饰“difference”,“such as write and right”修饰“words”,“as well as...”为同等比较状语从句,其中省略了与主句相同的部分。intelligent:有才智的；理解力强的。

译文 译稿需要一定量的编辑工作,因为,即使计算机能够区别同音异义词,如 write和right,它仍不可能把这项工作做得像有思维能力的秘书那样好。

2.If a needle is thrown at random on a sheet of paper ruled with lines whose distance apart is exactly equal to the length of the needle, how often can it be expected to fall on a line and how often into a blank space?

第一层： If a needle is thrown at random on a sheet of paper ruled with lines whose distance apart is exactly equal to the len-状语从句 gth of the needle , how often 状 can 谓 it 主 be expected 谓 to fall on a line 宾 and 连 how often 状 into a blank space? 状

第二层：(状语从句)If 引 a needle 主 is 系 thrown 表 at random 状 on a sheet of paper 状 ruled with lines 定 whose distance apart is exactly equal to the length of the needle 定语从句

第三层：(定语从句)whose 引 distance apart 主 is 系 exactly 状 equal 表 to the length of the needle 宾

要点 这是复合句。在if引导的状语从句中,ruled with lines 是过去分词,作paper 的定语,whose...needle 是 lines 的定语从句,whose distance apart 的意思是“它们之间的间隔”。主句中and 后面是个省略句,省去了 can it be expected to fall。翻译时可将英文的被动语态译成汉语的主动语态。length:长度。rule paper with lines:在纸上划平行线。

译文 如果把一根针随机地投到一张纸上,纸上画了许多平行线,它们之间的间隔等于针的长度,那么针落在线上的几率是多少？落在空白处的几率又是多少？

3.All that a man has to say or do that can possibly concern mankind, is in some shape or other to tell the story of his loveto sing.all后面有两个that引导的定语从句,第一个that从句修饰all,第二个that指代其前的that从句,翻译时可表条件。to sing放在破折号之后,用以加强语气,其后可视为省略了宾语the story of his love, to tell和to sing是并列关系。

译文 一个人应该说的或做的,只要关系到人类,那么都是以这样或那样的形式来讲述乃至讴歌自己的爱的故事；而且,如果他是幸运的、有活力的,他将永远是充满爱的。

4.As families move away from their stable community,their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.要点 本句位并列句,前一个分句带一个As引导的状语从句, 状语从句中 move away from 后为并列平行结构their...,their..., their...在and后的分句中, the confidence 省略了 “is cut off”, it指的是信息被切断的情况。

译文 随着家庭成员与他们稳定的社区、多年的老友和大家庭的亲属关系相分离,非正式的信息渠道被切断了,而那种在需要时就能得到真实可靠信息的信心也丢失了。

5.And by the help of further reasoning, which if drawn out would have been exhibited in 2

two or three other syllogism, you arrive at your final determination, I will not have that apple.要点 这是复合句。主句是you arrive at your final determination。by the help of...是介词短语作状语,which引导的定语从句修饰reasoning。if drawn out 是省略句,用作表示条件的状语从句,完整的句子是if the reasoning can be drawn out。翻译时采用顺序法,定语从句采用分句法。syllogism:三段论；演绎推理。

译文 借助于进一步的推理,这种推理如果加以引申,还可表现为其他两三种演绎推理,你便会做出最终决定：“我不吃那个苹果了。”

6.It is quite unnerving not to be able to see or to establish contact with the other person, even though we have learnt to have conversations with people we cannot see, as on the telephone.要点 这是复合句。主句中 it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语not to be able to see or to establish contact with the other person。在状语从句中as是连词,意思是“正如…一样”,as 后面省去了we have conversations。翻译时采用逆序法,把even though引导的让步状语从句放到句首。unnerving:使人不知所措；使人失去自信。

译文 即使我们适应了像打电话一样在互相看不见的情况下谈话,这种看不见或接触不到对方的谈话也会使人感到很不自在。

7.Actually we know of no type of astronomical body in which the conditions can be favorable to life except planets like our own revolving round a sun.要点 这是复合句。in which引导定语从句,修饰astronomical body。介词except引起的短语作状语。在介词短语like our own后面省略了planet。revolving为现在分词短语作定语,修饰our own planet。翻译时根据汉语习惯,将状语提前译出。

译文 事实上,除了像地球这样围绕太阳旋转的行星以外,我们不知道是否在其他类型的天体上也有适合生命存在的条件。

8.The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers.要点 这是主从复合句。其主句的谓语动词是had less to do with...than...,意为“主要与…有关,而不是与…有关”,因为句子结构比较清晰,省略了句子的并列部分,如在had less to do with the mechanization of housework and(with)an increase in leisure time省略了with；在...than it did with their own economic necessity and(it did)with high marriage rates省略了it did。句中that引导的定语从句修饰high marriage rates。翻译时采用融合法,把重要的部分放在句首。

译文 20世纪已婚女性走出家门参加工作人数的增加主要是因为她们自己的经济需要,还与高结婚率使可参加工作的单身女工人数减少有关,而与家务机械化、妇女空闲时间增多关系不大。

9.The European Union is an imperfect creature, with some of its actions based on fine principles of political economy and some on poor ones.要点 这是简单句。句中with some of its actions based on fine principles是独立主格结构,作状语。因为与前一部分结构相同,句子后一部分省略了（with）some（of its actions based）on poor ones括号中的词。翻译时采用顺序法,对省略部分也要进行相应省略,以使句子表达简洁。

译文 欧盟是不完善的机构,它的一些举措是基于正确的政治经济原则之上的,而另一些远非如此。

10.To Americans, being on one’s own suggests that one is a fully independent and functioning part of the whole capable and willing to make choices.要点 这是复合句,that引导宾语从句,其中capable and willing to make choices可以被看作宾语从句中的并列表语(其前省略了is)。翻译时采用顺序法。

译文 对美国人而言,依靠自己的力量就是指这个人作为整体的一部分是完全独立并能起作用的,他有能力也愿意做出选择。

第四篇：历届高考英语长难句100句精选(中文)

历届高考英语长难句100句精选（中文）

1.这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。

简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。

2.由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于因特网越来越多的使用。

简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词just about几乎；overtime超时地。

3.或许，表明电脑及因特网使用促进人们对于纸张的需求的最好迹象源于高科技产业本身，印刷业被认为是高科技产业极有前景的新市场之一。简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词promising有前途的。

4.这个行动组也发现一种人们可接受的纸，制成这种纸的原料不是木料，而是农业废料。简析：关键词other than而不是。

5.这些术语，主要从英语和汉语引入，经常会变成不再被说本族语的人们理解的形式。简析：关键词term术语。

6.它是现在很畅销的许多外语书中的一本。简析：比喻生动形象。

7.大众传播媒介和政府白皮书（正式报告）在外国词传播过程中起重要作用。简析：关键词the mass media and government white papers大众传播媒介和政府白皮书（正式报告）。

8.来自动物医院（这个电视节目）的故事（这本书），将使这个电视节目的爱好者以及 对无论是猫、狗还是蛇这类宠物有浓厚兴趣的任何人感到高兴。

简析：关键词fans„爱好者，whether„or„，无论是„还是„。

9.牛顿被证明是一位很有才华的科学家，他处于一个魔术终结科学开启的历史时期，他也有普通人所特有的弱点。简析：夹杂两个定语从句。

10.但对于所有这些以电子手段记录，贮存及传递的文本而言，许多文本仍要（打印）在纸上。简析：关键词text文本；end up最后成为（处于）。

11.据盐湖城的ITA的观点，闪烁的棕色眼睛，摇着尾巴，并有无条件的爱心，狗能成 为无判断力的（忠实的）听者，这是刚开始搞阅读的小孩所需要的。简析：夹杂with构成的介词短语及过去分词短语。

12.这家盐湖城公共图书馆接受这个观点。简析：关键词sell on（to）使接受。13.这个岛屿，于1506年被同名的葡萄牙上将发现，在1810年有人居住，现在属于英 国，人口数有几百人。简析：有两个过去分词短语作状语。

14.他们已有一千多年与外界没有联系，这给他们充足的时间来修建1000多座巨大的石 像，被称为莫艾，因为有这个东西这个岛屿极其出名。简析：夹杂有现在分词短语，过去分词短语及定语从句。

15.我们的（生日）聚会针对两到十岁的小孩，它们互动感强，富有创新，因为它们能 基于一个主题构建一种戏剧的氛围。简析：关键词aim for 针对；in that 在于。16.在这里叙述的这种筹备（生日）聚会的计划所带有的最重要的观点在于它能让父母 和孩子的关系更加密切。简析：夹杂过去分词短语及表语从句。

17.他曾认识到那本书里第一幅图画下面的那些词“一、六、八”在某些方面将这个野 兔和阿拉甘的凯撒英，即亨利八世的六个妻子当中的第一个妻子，联系起来。

简析：夹杂宾语从句及过去分词短语。

18.直到有一天他在阿帕斯尔公园碰巧看见两个石制的十字架，他才懂得在1773年修建 这两个十字架是为了向她表示敬意。

简析：关键词come across碰巧遇见，in one’s honor纪念某人。19.它是苏珊•汤森德的音乐剧本，根据她畅销的小说改编的。简析：关键词best-selling 畅销的。

20.戈德是对有机食品感兴趣众多购买者当中的一位，遍及英国的超市依赖更多像他那 样的购买者，因为他们要增加有机食品生意。

简析：关键词count on 依赖。

21.地下发展的支持者说在地下搞建筑而不是在地上搞建筑是一种利用地球空间的办法。简析：关键词rather than 而不是。

22.那些能够说出好朋友名字的单身男人，很有可能说出一个女人的名字。简析：省略句who could（name a best friend）承前省。

23.一般来说，女人相互的友谊基于相互分享情感和支持，但男人间的关系以共同参与 社会活动为特征。

简析：关键词rest on 依靠。

24.就大部分而言，男人间的交往在感情上受控制，这与“男子汉气概” 的社会要求是 相符合的。简析：关键词for the most part就大部分而言。

25.一个女人最亲密的女性朋友可能是第一个告诉她离开一次失败的婚姻；而听见一个 男人说直到他的朋友一天晚上问他是否可以睡在他家的沙发上他才知道他朋友的婚姻已非常糟糕，这是很平常的。

简析：夹杂多种语法结构not unusual=usual； not„until„，直到„才„。26.1066年以前，在我们现在称为英国的土地上，住着属于两个主要语种的民族。简析：倒装句，并含有定语从句及分词短语。

27.如果这种情况延续下去的话，那么今天的英语将和德语很相近。简析：含虚拟语气。

28.我们甚至对某些食物有不同的单词，特别是肉类，取决于它是长在田野里，还是在 家里准备煮着吃，这就表明一个事实，即萨克森农民在农田干活，而上层阶级的诺曼人在吃大喝。简析：含对比。

29.当美国人第一次游览欧洲时，他们通常发现德国比法国对他们来说更加“陌生”，因 为他们在标牌和广告上看到的德语，比起法语更加不同于英语。

简析： 含比较级句型结构。

30.一些公司已经把洁净安全产品的生产当作他们主要的销售关键，并且在他们的广告 宣传中强调这一点。

简析：make后接双宾语。

31.在他们逗留之后，所有的游客都会收到一份生存证明记录他们的成功，也就是说当游客离开小冰屋旅馆时，他们会得到一份证明，表明他们曾尝试过冒险。

简析：含两个分词短语，关键词state表明。

32.主要的市场因素取决于白领工人的人数增加，这些人付得起这种新型服务，换句话说，上海的汽车出租行业发展如此快，主要因为白领工人人数的增加。简析：关键词rest in 依赖。

33.你不会等很长时间意味着过不了多久你就会回收你的垃圾。简析：夹杂主语从句及宾语从句。

34.这些词，是我编造的，只是代表我们不能想到的事物和观念。简析：关键词make up 编造。

35.设想未来有益于现在和将来的几代人。简析：关键词picture活用为动词想象，设想。

36.做决策像打扑克牌，起作用的不但是你怎么想的，还包括别人对你的想法是怎么看的以及你对别人的看法是如何考虑的。

简析：含较复杂的句型结构not unlike=like not only„but also„不仅„而且„ 37.解决问题容易的办法并非总是最容易的。简析：关键词the way out 解决问题的办法。

38.炙热的太阳导致面团面积加倍，酵母使面团的表面摆晃叹息，似乎它在呼吸，它看上去像某种来自外部空间的无名生物。简析：比喻形象生动。

39.毕竟，难道这些活泼可爱的孩子们不满足于半天搞普通教育的文化课，半天搞表演、唱歌、舞蹈等舞台训练吗？ 简析：反问句式，语气强烈。

40.爸爸，急匆匆地在天黑之前赶回家，以便他能出去跑步，却忘记系安全带—这是75% 的美国人每天犯的一个错误。简析：关键词for a run去跑步。

41.这次高峰会是为了纪念尼克松总统访华25周年，尼克松访华是中美关系的转折点。简析：关键词mark 纪念。42.很多问题是大学水平，这些小学生能够解答出来。

简析：关键词be of college level 大学水平，figure out解决，解答。43.穿过屋顶矗立着太阳之塔，在里面有一棵160英尺高的生命之树。简析：含有两个倒装句。

44.目前的问题是，很多人把其实只要付诸努力就能做到的事情看成是做不到的。简析：consider后的宾语后置。

45.她受过重罚，而且有病，可她却这样愉快，这样充满了信心，这样用尽她所剩的力量来帮助其他同志。

简析：含有让步状语从句及形容词短语作状语。

46.如果他们从电视中的束缚中解脱出来，不得不自己安排活动，他们可能会全家驱车去 看日落。

简析：含有两个过去分词短语。

47.我绕到房子的前面，坐在台阶上，哭了一阵之后，我感到阵阵心痛，我的父亲心里肯 定也有一点不好受。

简析：动作描写，情真意切。

48.先是令人心碎的痛苦，继而是极度的喜悦，从一个极端到另一个极端—变换得实在太 快了。简析：比喻形象生动。

49.他禁不住寻思起来，要是果真有什么意外，除非附近有条船，他用无线电能联系上的 最近的人远在885英里以外的岛上。简析：含虚拟语气。

50.八十大寿，毕竟非同一般，不管怎么说你又活了十年，或者说熬了十年，是活还是熬，全在于你怎么看了。

简析：关键词endure(stand;bear;put up with)忍受。51.新闻报道说这两个国家的和平谈判失败,没有达成协议。简析：关键词break down失败，reach an agreement达成协议。52.这对老年夫妇结婚40年了，两人从来没有一次争吵。简析：含主谓倒装句。

53.要记住的是，伊德搞锻炼的想法根本没有进餐使用刀叉那么费力。简析：含比较级句型。

54.就在我们比赛之前，我曾预料这场比赛对我有利，比分大概是9比1，结果比分反而是7比9，伊德暂时领先。

简析：关键词figure on预计，估计；in one’s favor对某人有利。

55.因此当伊德来参加我们的比赛时,我发现他不仅将衬衫的底部扎进裤里,而且几乎注意不到他的肚子,我感到很惊奇,以致无话可说,我的表弟过去一定努力把自己训练好,保持很好的竞技状态。

简析：含有not only„but also„及so„that„的句型结构，must have P.P表示对过去事实的推测。56.在一定程度上，我认为我们都赢了，我赢得了这次比赛，伊德表弟赢得了我的尊重。简析：承前省略谓语动词won。

57.据说在澳大利亚土地太多以致政府不知道怎么去处理。简析：含比较级句型。

58.这项研究设计得如此好以致一旦开始任何事都不可能改变它。简析：夹杂过去分词短语once begun。

59.妈妈不知道谁应该受责备，因为打破玻璃这件事是她不在家里的时候发生的。简析：关键词be to blame受责备。

60.当我在军队服役时，我曾接受过所有战士都参加的智力测试,与平均分100分相比，我得了160分。简析：关键词against 与„相比较。

61.我们原不是那样计划艺术展览的，但出来的结果却很好。简析：关键词work out 结果是„„ 62.房子装修花费我的闲暇时间不多。

简析：句型结构little of的用法，例We see very little of our children(we do not see them often)now that they are grown up.孩子们已经长大了，所以我们现在很少见到他们。63.这条河流已经遭受很重的污染，现在要清理为时太晚。简析：含too„to„句型及现在分词的完成式。

64.大多数人相信这些脚印只是普通动物的足迹，这些足迹由于在雪里融化再结冰而变大了。简析：关键词nothing more than only。

65.但若他们真的抓住一个“雪人”的话，那么他们可能面临一个现实问题：他们会把它放进动物园，还是在一个旅馆里给它一个房间呢？ 简析：含选择疑问句型。

66.产量增长了60%，公司又经历了一个极好的年头。简析：含with构成的介词短语。

67.世贸组织如果没有一个占世界五分之一人口的大国加入的话，那么它就不能名副其实。

简析：关键词live up to one’s name 名副其实。

68.重要的是你做这件工作的能力，而不是你来自什么地方，或是你是什么身份。简析：强调句型It is +强调部分+that / who+从句。

69.我怎么才能让父亲卸完车上的行李而不向我大喊大叫，在其他女孩子面前出洋相呢？我还要和这些女孩一起度过以后的日子。

简析：关键词make a scene 大吵大闹，出洋相。

70.父亲在说出一声“是”之前,脸终于没有先前那么红了。简析：迂回表达，心情如释重负。

71.很快我听到好象是门被撞进的声音，接着是一阵上楼的脚步声。简析：that替代前而的sound。72.爸爸从我手里拿起那只仍冒烟的枪，又开了一枪，这才杀死了那只大猩猩。简析：关键词fire another shot 又开了一枪。

73.事情发生是这样的,爸爸先把我们送上楼，因为他原以为他能够在那个动物赶到之前（距离20英尺远）将门锁上。

简析：句型结构It happened that„事情发生是这样的„。

74.当他在镜子前自我欣赏时，他想他当然看上去很适合那个角色。简析：关键词all right确实，无疑。

75.他抱着头，尽力的想台词，但什么也想不起来。

简析：迂回表达nothing came to his mind=He remembered nothing.76.实际上，他越是观看这台戏剧，他越是认为自己已进入角色。简析：句型结构the more„the more„越„越„

77.反而，她在附近公园散步一会儿就回到家，她经过后门让自己进去的。简析：分词短语letting herself in 作状语。78.她静下心来等，看会发生什么事。

简析：关键词settle down to do sth 静下心来做„ 79.她拿起那个装着开水的壶，悄悄地向门移动。简析：现在分词短语作伴随状语。

80.当那根铁丝掉在地上，哪只手缩回时，外面传来尖叫声，接着是逃跑的声音。简析：三处被动语态间接描述小偷遭到的惩罚。81.很快警察抓住了那个小偷。

简析：句型结构It wasn’t long before+从句，很快就„

82.接着，我注意到门旁一个高个子男人，拿着用棕色纸遮盖着的某种东西。

简析：含两个分词短语。

83.转向下一个顾客，看见一杆枪从他的外套伸出来，我非常恐惧。简析：过去分词短语作to see的宾补。

84.“史密斯！”经理用象雷一样的声音大喊，“你不要找借口！给我立即开始工作。” 简析：口语化的语言。

85.菲力浦帕底特在110层高的建筑物上，人群拥挤的大街上空等候。简析：含倒装句型及分词用法。

86.菲力浦非常小心地迈开第一步，钢丝绳承受住了，现在他确信他可以走钢丝了。简析：关键词hold(vi)承受。

87.成千上万感到很害怕的观众盯着看，他们的心跳很快。简析：含with构成的介词短语。

88.她已经会做一个人能做的许多事情。简析：含定语从句。89.她甚至喜欢在上床睡觉前看电视。简析：含分词及动名词。90.衡量一个人真正品质的标准是看如果他知道他不会被别人发现的情况下他会做些什么事。

简析：表语从句中还含有虚拟语气。

91.在我知道玛考雷名言三十年后，它对我来说仍是最好的人生准则，因为这句名言给我们提供了一种衡量我们自己而不是他人的方法。

简析：关键词introduce引见，例：Let me introduce you to the pleasures of wine-tasting让我给你说说品酒的乐趣。

92.我们当中很少有人被要求作出关于国家进行战争，军队进行战斗的重大决定，但我们每天都要求作出很多个人的决定。

简析：含动名词的所有格形式。

93.有一个家伙，就这样走进一家银行，擅自拿走这么多钱。简析：help oneself to擅自拿走。

94.托德想起自己的难处，他曾设法搞一大笔钱，他需要这笔钱来开办他的加油站。简析：夹杂两个定语从句。

95.不要搭载陌生人，加油站所有的工作人员最好不要为一辆白色福特牌小汽车服务。简析：关键词folks，加油站的工作人员。

96.“给车加油”那个男人说，听起来（这个劫匪）就好像是其他任何一名司机。简析：关键词sound like 听起来像„ 97.看来对他来说没有合适的工作。

简析：关键词suitable适合的。

98.但当约翰和他的战友们出现时，一些观看的人们禁不住嘲笑那个在行进中不能同步的那个人（约翰）。

简析：句子结构较复杂，关键词keep pace with 与„步伐一致。

99.他们不仅使人们在晚上睡觉困难，而且他们损害我们历史名胜的房子和商店。

简析：句型结构not only„but(also)„不仅„而且„

100.也攻读生物学的哈利说他们要制造尽可能大的噪音来迫使政府官员们认识到大家正不得不忍受的东西。

简析：句型结构as...as possible尽可能地„„。

第五篇：高考长难句

1.(2017年全国1卷阅读理解A篇)It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations.句意：这是一个惊人的成就，一个没有来自个人、公司和其他社会组织的慷慨的支持我们就不可能取得的成就。

分析：本句为复合句。其中，one指代前面的accomplishment，后面为定语从句，修饰先行词one，且从句使用了cannot和without表示双重否定。

2.(2017年全国1卷阅读理解D篇)Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.句意：接着把管子放在恰当的位置，使得管子的一端放在杯子里，管子的其余部分向上延伸到坑的外部。

分析：本句为复合句。主句lay the tube in place为祈使句；so that引导目的状语从句，从句是and连接的并列句。

3.(2017年全国1卷阅读七选五)If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily.句意：如果三年前有人告诉我会用大部分的周末时间来野营，我会狂笑不已。

分析：本句为主从复合句。if引导的是条件状语从句，因表示对与过去事实相反的假设，所以本句中条件句使用过去完成时。此外从句中包含了一个that引导宾语从句。

4.(2017年全国1卷阅读七选五)This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.句意：这次跟自然母亲的短暂亲近用去了我两天的假期，被严重晒伤的皮肤还需慢慢恢复，而且还花费了一笔钱为我儿子食物中毒看医生。

分析：句中cost后的直接宾语有三个，即A，B and C三个并列宾语。

5.(2017年全国1卷完形填空)Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL.句意：我不知道我竟然会爱上美式手语。

分析：此句为倒装句，little为否定词，当否定词位于句首时，句子要使用部分倒装。

6.(2017年全国1卷完形填空)What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past.句意：我所看到的和我之前经历的完全不同。分析：此句中what 引导的是主语从句，作句子的主语。此外，I had experienced in the past为定语从句，修饰先行词anything。

7.(2017年全国1卷完形填空)Instead, if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less.句意：相反，如果有任何交谈，那会导致我们学到较少的东西。

分析：本句为复合句。if引导的是虚拟条件句，表示对过去的虚拟，所以本句中条件状语从句使用过去完成时there had been；主句使用“would have done”结构。

8.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解A篇)By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.句意：通过把《爱的徒劳》那丰富、幽默的文本翻译成手语，Deafinitely 剧院创造了一种对莎士比亚喜剧新的解释，通过向失聪人群和听力健全人群演出，旨在在失聪和有声世界之间搭建一座桥梁。

分析：在本句中，By translating...BSL为方式状语，and连接creates和aims两个动词作并列谓语。9.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B篇)The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.（同位语从句、让步状语从句）

句意：拍电影和四年后出演The Sting的经历所建立起来的友谊源于一个事实：尽管我们存在年龄差距，但我们都源自戏剧和直播电视的传统。

分析：本句的主干是 The friendship had its root in the fact.。其中，grew out of...later为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词friendship；后面的although there was...live TV为that引导的同位语从句，解释说明fact的内容。此外，同位语从句中还包含了一个although引导的让步状语从句。

10.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B篇)We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back 一 he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.（同位语从句、条件状语从句、定语从句）

句意：我们有着这样的信念——如果足够幸运获得成功，就应该有所回馈。他成立了

Newman’s Own食品公司和为病重的孩子成立了Hole in the Wall camps夏令营，而我成立了圣丹斯协会和电影节。

分析：本句中，that引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的内容；同位语从句中包含了一个if引导的条件状语从句；破折号后出现了一个who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词kid。

11.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解C篇)Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.句意：Terrafugia 说机主需要通过测试并且完成20个小时的飞行时间才能驾驶 Transition，这一要求对于飞行员来说相对容易满足。

分析：本句中 a requirement 为同位语，是对前面的内容作补充说明，pilots would find relatively easy to meet是定语从句，省略了充当宾语的关系代词that/which，修饰先行词requirement。

12.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D篇)Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.(宾语从句、非谓语动词、定语从句)句意：早在1983年，杰克•舒尔茨和伊恩•鲍德温两个科学家报道说被昆虫咬的年轻枫树释放会一种邻近的植物能够获得的特殊气味。

分析：本句中that引导宾语从句，作reported的宾语，从句中包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词smell。getting bitten by insects为现在分词作后置定语，修饰maple trees。13.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读七选五)If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint(暗示）that when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.句意为：如果有人敲门，并且不是什么重要的事情，那就礼貌地谢绝，让别人知道你很忙，这样他们就会得到暗示，当门关着的时候，你不想被打扰。

分析：本句为if引导条件状语从句。在主句中，you’re busy是know的宾语从句；so引导结果状语从句，在结果状语从句中包含一个that引导同位语从句，解释说明hint的内容。同时同位语从句又包含了一个when引导时间状语从句，因此句子的主句为you’re not to be disturbed.。

14.(2017年全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解B篇)Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.（定语从句）句意：布拉德福德把建筑物和土地卖给了一家当地的开发商，这家开发商打算在电影院所在的土地上建一个购物中心。分析：本句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a local development firm；此外，定语从句中又包含一个where引导的定语从句。

15.(2017年全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解D篇)The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.句意：纽卡斯尔大学的智能运输团队已经把电动汽车转变成名叫“DriveLAB”的移动实验室，目的是了解老年人司机面临的挑战和发现关键的问题所在。

16.(2017年全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解D篇)For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.句意：对于很多老年人来说，特别是那些独自居住在乡间的老年人，驾驶对于保持他们（老年人）的独立性是非常重要的，这也给了他们出行而不用依赖他人的自由。

17.(2017年全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解D篇)Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝)and inactive.句意：研究表明，放弃驾驶是导致老年人健康状况下降的主要原因之一，导致他们变得更加隔绝和懒散。分析：that引导宾语从句，宾语从句中giving up driving为动名词短语作主语，leading to...作现在分词作状语。

18.(2017年全国Ⅲ卷完形填空)Axani wrote in his post that he is not looking for anything in return and that the woman who uses the extra ticket can choose to either travel with him or take the ticket and travel on her own.句意：Axani 在他的帖中说：他并不是寻求任何回报，使用这张多余机票的女士可以选择与他一起旅行，或者拿走机票自己旅行。

分析：本句中，that…and that…是并列的两个宾语从句，作wrote的宾语，who uses the extra ticket为定语从句，修饰先行词the woman。