第一篇:大学生兼职的好处有哪些
大学生兼职的好处有哪些
马上就要放假了,对于大学生来说很多都会做兼职吧!那么就来探讨一下做兼职的好处吧!作为大学生,走出校门接触社会,也了解社会,积累社会经验是非常有必要的,做兼职是一个很好的途径,一来可以锻炼自己,提高自己的能力,二来也多多少少减轻家里的一些负担,更能体会到父母的辛苦与不易,对我们将来毕业找工作也是非常有帮助的。其好处总的来说有一下几点:
1、实现自我价值。
在大学,并不是每一位大学生都能拥有中学尖子生时代的“荣耀”与“辉煌”,自我价值的失落是普遍存在于大学生中的一种彷徨而苦闷的心理。为此,一部分大学生另辟蹊径,选择了兼职道路,企图在这一领域中重新寻回那份“自我感觉”。以找到自我价值。
2、挣钱
“金钱不是万能的,但没有金钱却是万万不能的。”这一观念可以说是深得大学生们追求实际的心理,强调自主自立的,尤其是来自贫困家庭的学子们不愿把学习费用和日常消费这笔巨大的开支让父母全部承担,所以,选择兼职就成为大学生们解决庞大开支的一个重要途径。
3、锻炼自我当前,大学生面临的一个突出问题便是就业。这是一个不容回避的选择。为此,大学生们将锻炼自己的空间不仅仅局限在校园内,而日益投身到丰富多彩的社会生活中去。做兼职是为了锻炼能力,获得社会经验。为以后求职增加砝码。工作经验是我们在市场上的第二张学历,并随着市场的成熟和企业管理者用人理念的逐渐理性,这张“学历”的含金量将逐渐增高。
呼和浩特兼职网整理
第二篇:大学生做兼职的好处
大学生做兼职利大于弊
我支持正方的观点。简要论述
1、提前接触社会,获取社会经验 2、寻找个人兴趣,提前职业生涯规划 3、吸取教训,为日后工作铺路,少走弯道 4、寓学于用,学习工作可以两不误 5、顺便赚点小外快,减轻家庭负担
首先,大学生做兼职可以丰富我们的社会生活经验。大学校园是一座象牙塔,在这里你虽然可以学到精湛的理论知识,却学不到待人处事的和社会生活的经验。许多企业在招聘的时候都明确指明,有经验者优先,作为一个应届毕业生,你的经验来自何处?大学做兼职是一个不错的渠道。其次,大学生做兼职可以补贴生活费用,减少家里负担,尤其对于家庭比较困难的同学而言,更是有所裨益。
最后,大学生做兼职可以实现自我价值。许多大学生抱怨,现在的大学生活除了上网就是睡觉,似乎找不到什么有意义的事可以展现自己的与众不同的才能,那么做兼职相信会是你一个不错的选择。如果你口若悬河,不妨考虑促销员;如果你自信有一副好的形象,不妨考虑一下礼仪工作吧。大学本来就是一个需要拓展多方面能力与视野的平台,如果仅仅是一味地读书那么大学就丧失了其立身之本,也就没有所谓的能力的提高。做兼职并不只是为了赚钱,这仅仅是一方面,更重要的是你收获了一些课堂之外学习不到的东西,这才是最最重要的。我否认说有些时候做的兼职可能跟专业并没有太必然的联系。但是经验这种东西并不是说一定要专业对口,任何兼职都有其可取之处,它锻炼我们与人沟通交往的能力,锻炼我们适应社会的能力,锻炼我们独立自主的能力,所以我觉得做兼职并不影响学习,只要把握好时间平衡,综上所述,我认为大学生做兼职利大于弊。1.我觉得大学生做兼职利大于弊 目前大学生的所做的兼职有很多,难免的有一些是对于学业等等没有帮助的,也存在着很多同学是纯粹为了赚钱而做的。但是兼职原本的目的就是为了赚钱,如果真要和学业啊实践啊扯上关系,那只能做实习了。兼职本身没有利弊之言,主要还是看学生个人自己把握安排。只要能正确处理好工作和学习的关系,大学生做兼职是有很多好处的。首先,可以赚钱,满足自己或者补贴自己的生活所需;其次,在与人与社会的交往中还是能得到一些锻炼的,比如家教,你要学会将自己所学的同学教给学生,要学会和家长打交道。我认为 大学生做兼职利大于弊
在大学,我们生活于同中学完全不同的学习环境:学习靠自己主动,时间完全是自己分配。大学就相当于一个小型的社会,你只要在大学中完成指定的任务,其他时间你要做什么都无所谓,就是这样的制度给我们提供了做兼职的空间。通过兼职,我们会有机会锻炼自己,同时因为原本空闲的生活加了一块新内容,让我们不得不去合理安排自己的时间,已达到学习,兼职和大学生活正常有序。另一方面,还能依靠自己的力量赚钱,为自己进入社会生活做好铺垫。
至于前面有人认为这样做是为了早一两年积累点经验赚点钱而妨碍以后的长远发展,这样看的确也没有错,但就我感觉就算做兼职,只要时间安排合理,可以不耽误学习,对以后发展影响不会太大。而且在你进入社会后在积累经验,起步就比他人晚了两年,对自己的发展反而可能会有所阻碍。2.我觉得利大于弊。
尽管做兼职会占用一部分大学时光,但是大学有很一大片时光是空闲的,尽管有人不做兼职,但是有很大部分人却把别人做兼职的时间用在娱乐等上面。如果学生能在学习之外,有意识地把那些空余时间放在做兼职上面,不仅能够扩大你个人的交际,而且能培养个人胆识和耐心,最重要的是它提高一个人的独立思考能力。3.利大于弊
提前体验各种类型的职业,有利于发现自己的专长。
兼职前面试积累了更多的面试经验,有助于之后出去找工作。增强对工作的意识,越早体会到打工的辛苦,越早成熟。拓宽了交际圈,和更多层面的人进行交流。
在兼职中遇到各种问题时,需要自己思考如何解决,增强应变能力。更多的和社会接触,有助加深对社会大环境的了解。促进学习合理分配时间的能力的提高。自己赚钱自己花,培养理财意识。增加生活经验,充实课外生活。
安全意识加强,对社会上的各种诈骗警惕加强。经常要出去,更快融入陌生城市。
帮助自我反省自我检视,自己还需要补足哪些方面,早清楚早弥补,毕业路更好走。兼职中遇到问题,回校身边有老师有朋友可以帮你分析,帮你出谋划策。兼职占据大量时间,避免了成天窝在宿舍玩电脑和打游戏。兼职前要进行大量搜索以寻找工作,对各类招聘网站有更多的认识和经验,为以后找实习找工作积累了前期经验。
成功获得兼职以及在兼职中表现优异,帮助建立自信心。兼职让生活经历增多,和朋友间有更多的话题可以交流。兼职需要长期在户外活动,有助锻炼身体,保持体态。锻炼了吃苦耐劳的生理和心理。
磨练口才,也磨厚了脸皮,更好的在这个竞争社会中生存。
减少了面对陌生人的紧张感,学会更冷静的面对问题、处理问题。更早去促使自己了解劳动保障法等法律知识,增加维权意识。所以,我认为,大学生做兼职利大于弊。
4.利大于弊 大学生做兼职可以让我们在社会上学到在学校学不到的知识,不仅丰富聊我们的课余生活,还让我们增长了一些见识,让我们更早接触社会,进入社会,为我们以后的发展奠定基础。
所以,我认为大学生做兼职利大于弊 我认为利大于弊,大学生即将面对的就是就业的问题,而兼职为大学生提供了一个锻炼的机会,同时也在经济上一定程度上地帮助了他们。而一般情况下,大学的课程不会像高中那么紧凑,只要合理安排,课余时间还是相对比较充足的,而这段时间最适合的也就是参加实践活动,包括做兼职。而假如说把学业单单局限于书本上的知识的话,那大学生不就跟高中生没有本质区别了么。
所以 我认为大学生做兼职是利大于弊的 5.利大于弊。
大学生做兼职,并不等于实习,所以不需要和专业知识相关。做兼职更多的是对学生各方面能力的锻炼,包括:体验真实工作、拓展人际关系、锻炼吃苦能力、积累经验等。同时,在兼职时也能发现自己的不足,为自我发展提供一个方向。我觉得学历只是一块敲门砖,真正进了公司靠的不仅仅是知识,更重要的是一个人的知识结构、学习能力、处理事情的能力、交流能力等等。而大学生在假期兼职正是一个机会,它让我们逐渐开始适应社会、了解我们的不足、明确自己今后的发展方向。所以我认为大学生假期兼职利大于弊
6.大学生兼职利大于弊。虽然兼职的内容可能与你所学的专业无关,但是能扩展你专业以外的知识,包括social skills;提早接触社会、适应社会,对以后的工作非常有益;更进一步说,你根本不能完全确定你未来的职业是什么,故现在所学的专业知识到以后未必能用到,倒不如多学些以后能用上而现在又没有学到的东西
7.中国现阶段以学位为中心而不是以就业工作为中心的教育体制下,学生可以通过兼职来获取职业意识,工作意识,市场意识,获得生存的技能。
大学生可在兼职中找到自己将来的职业定向。
(我们需要工作经验来获得一份工作,但我们也需要一份工作来获得工作经验)可以通过兼职来获得工作经验,为以后求职增加砝码。工作经验是你在市场上的第二张学历,并随着市场的成熟和企业管理者用人理念的逐渐理性,这张“学历”的含金量将逐渐增高。
做兼职,在兼职中找到自己的核心竞争力,可以提早避免中国落后教育,落后专业,没有工作的专业对学生的不利影响。
在兼职的过程中能够结识很多将来对你很有帮助的人。
大学生做兼职不但可以积累社会经验,还可以使大学生从中学习到更多的社会知识,使自己将来能够更快的适应社会,当然还可以给自己增添一点生活费用
8.大学生兼职,可以利用好自己的空余时间,而不至于让自己在空余时间去玩游戏或是其他浪费时间的事,因为大学生自制力基本上不是很好,在加上大学的老师又不管大学生,很多大学生就想脱了绳的野马,只想着玩来弥补大学之前的刻苦读书的辛苦;
9.大学时代就想半个社会,但是始终比不上社会这本大书,如果在校的大学生,可以多出去做兼职,可以让自己看到真正社会的摸样,不管是黑暗的还是光明的,对大学生来说都是有好处的。很多大学生刚就业后不稳定,其实不是他们不愿意去好好工作,也不是他们要求太高,大多说时是因为他们接受不了现实,接受不了社会,如果他们在大学期间就接触过社会,那他们对社会就早早有个认识,那么他们毕业后也就不会对社会产生恐惧,或是逃避了;
10.很多大学生在校做过兼职后,他们的勇气和胆量都会有所提升,这样他们在毕业后面试时或是和别人交往的时候就不会太紧张,现在的社会,靠的就是一张嘴,不管你有多少能力,你只有说出来别人才会对你有个开始的认识,不然别人第一次见到你时,怎么会知道你有什么能力,你哪方面比较优秀呢?
11.再者,就是大学生兼职,可以挣点外快,而很多人花自己挣得钱就会很坦然,同时也能减轻家里的负担,现在一个普通家庭供养一个还在上大学的花费也是不少的。十二: 做兼职可以曾加锻炼的机会 以便更好的适应社会 在学校所学的东西走进社会基本上用不上 在社会中学到的东西终身受益 那就是财富 为自己挣点人民币 解决点手机、电脑等等费用 减轻点家庭负担 4 做兼职还可以发现点商机 以便自己毕业后为创业积累点经验 5 学会接触各类人,丰富社会经验 6 不浪费空余时间 理论结合实际,为今后工作打基础 提前接触社会,可以了解到当前各个行业的发展方向,根据自己的实际情况即时调整自己的学习方向和侧重点;
问题: 请问对方辩友是否有过做兼职经历?
如果有,请问你做兼职的原因是什么??
如果没有,请问你想不想通过做兼职来获取社会经验实现经济独立呢?在同等条件下,公司通常会优先选择有兼职经历的学生,请问对方辩友怎么看待这个问题呢?? 毕业后当我们为谋生而打工时,对方辩友凭什么认为,此时没有学校老师的监督没有足够的社会经验的“大孩子”外出打工会比在校大学生兼职更安全呢??
第三篇:兼职的好处 英语演讲
Topic
Walk out of the campus,and get a part-time job Specific purpose:To persuaded my audience that college students should get a part-time job in their spare time.Central idea: Doing part-time job has no so-called disadvantages for students but will have a lot of good influence to students’ life.Major point:
Doing part-time job can let students find what they are really interested in.Doing part-time job may change your view of money.Doing part-time job can let students be more competitive after graduation.Doing part-time job don’t have so many disadvantages as other people said.Bibliography [1]All the pictures in the PPT is from the Internet.[2]刘珊珊 魏文颖《浅谈国外大学生兼职的现状和特点》
I got my first part-time job during the vacation after I graduating from the high school.I even didn’t think too much about why I went to do that.Maybe just because I was bored with staying at home.After that,I also found several part-time jobs,such as tutor,interviewer in a company,and head teacher in a school.I have no clear idea about whether it is good or not to do it and I found nothing wrong with it actually until I heard someone said that,if you waste your time to do a part-time job for just a little amount of money,you will probably just earn a little amount of money and won’t be rich in the future.I was shocked by that interesting but a little ultra words.I began to consider it carefully that why I will get a part-time job?What may I get?What may we lose? Today I’m not going to tell you some reasons easily thought like you can earn some extra money,but some deeper ones.One of them is that you may find what you really love.Many students in college don’t know why they stay in the university or why they learn the majority the choose.And then they will find job which they never know if they like it or not and live a dull life.Doing some part-time jobs allows students to know different subjects in practice and to know if they want to do such a kind of job in future life and help them to find what they really like eventually.Secondly,it may change your view of money.Part-time job usually don’t pay much as an official job,which will let we know the hardship to earn a living and encourage us to study.I have an experience of working more than eight hours a day but just got a little money which wasn’t enough even for my meal and transportation.After that,I realized the importance of knowledge and decided to study hard and learn some financial knowledge in order not to be trapped into that kind of situation in my future life.What’s more,doing part-time job can let students be more competitive after graduation.Nowadays,many graduated will be asked by the question,”Do you have any some experience concerned to this job” rather than only be requested for their grades,which means that having done some part-time jobs about the work you want to do after college will increase your competitiveness a lot.What I said above is all about the shining points of the part-time job.So some people may wonder that what do think about the disadvantages?The most seemingly reasonable point I have heard of may be that’s a waste of time.And you’re just wasting your precious time in college which you could have used it to do more study.You ought to read more books in the library instead of doing useless job.Sounds convincing!Let’s look at some cases in other countries,that mamy students will be financial independent after they enter the college.They get jobs to support their education and do well in both work and their course.In some country like France the percentage could be as high as 80%,according to some statistic from the Internet.Studying is not the only thing you need to do in college any more.Let alone that,in China,most students don’t go out for jobs not because they want to study or read books,but for they are lazy.They would rather spend a whole day playing computer games in the dorm.Some other people claim that it’s not safe for students to get out of school to get jobs,for there may be many cheaters.Come on!We are adult now,and that’s not the fault of the part-time jobs.How can you guarantee you won’t meet some bad guys when you are going to find an official job after graduation.It’s good to know how to deal with them in an early age.So doing part-time jobs don’t have so many disadvantages as other people said.That’s all what I want to say about part-job.In a word,every college student ought to have a chance to get to job and learn something more out of books,as the famous saying goes, Knowledge is a treasure.but practice is the key to it.
第四篇:大学生兼职
不少人上了大学发现大学生活是丰富多彩了许多,可是开销也相对大了。于是有些人就想在空余时间里干点什么赚钱的工作来贴补一下,也许还能自己赚学费。
下面是一些在校大学生既不耽误学习又可以赚外快的好方法。
NO1、建自己的个人网站
建一个属于自己的个人网站,对很多人来说不仅可以过把做站长的瘾,还可以在网站有一定流量后靠投放广告等赚钱,这是很多人业余赢得收入的工作机会。但不赞同没有任何互联网经验的朋友去建个人网站。
NO2、开个网店当老板
网络购物已经成为当今主流购物方式,于是很多人就抓住了网络销售的高效途径。据消息灵通人士透露,现在很多个体老板、政府职员、公司白领、在校大学生等等,他们都利用自己的业余时间在网上做生意,而且收获颇丰。淘宝、拍拍等大型的交易平台是大家开店的首选,您可以卖衣物、首饰、玩具、书等等,但前提你得准备好货源,,而且前期没有信誉比较难做。没有货源的朋友,如果真想网上开店,也可以考虑开个虚拟充值淘宝店。就是在淘宝网上出售游戏点卡、话费、QQ充值,因为是充值软件自动发货的,不需要守候在电脑边,所以这个相对来说比较简单而且不至于耽误学习。同时大学生有资源优势,这也是一种不错的选择。如果有需要可以去这个店铺看看,这是个第五代充值软件的金牌代理商 http://siyecaotao.taobao.comNO3、上网做威客赚钱
上威客网站上承接任务赚钱,前提是需要拥有设计、程序、策划等方面的专长。我觉得作为受过高等教育的大学生来说应该不难,正好还可以利用这个机会好好实践一下平时所学内容,又能赚钱何乐而不为。
NO4、家教
家教无疑是各届大学生最青睐的赚钱方式。利用自己所学为中小学或者外籍人士授课虽然发不了什么大财但是维持日常生活还是可以的。但这种赚钱方式对以后就业也没有太多实质性的帮助。
NO5、为报刊杂志撰稿
如果你在文学上有造诣或者在某些专业领域擅长,那你就可以考虑为报刊杂志撰稿、画插图、写评论。毕业后可向作家转型或者从事记者编辑的工作。
NO6、在学校周围做生意
其实在校大学生赚钱最快的方法就是做学生的生意了,看看现在周围的店铺哪家是不赚钱的。在校大学生了解学生的消费习惯和消费能力,能够把握消费心态,我想在学校周围开个店铺是个不错的选择。但是前提是不要耽误学业,可以和同学合伙,轮流照看店铺。
其实,在校大学生最重要的任务还是好好的完成学业。不是所有的学生都适合做生意。不要忘了来读大学的目的,好好学习赢得奖学金也会是你人生路上一个珍贵的荣誉。
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第五篇:大学生兼职
May: Hey, This is your order.Customer: Are you new here? I come to this coffeehouse often.But I didn't see you here before.May: Yes.I started this part-time job just three days ago.And my internship will last 1 week.I'm still a student now.Customer: Do you mind if I ask you why you've taken the part-time job here? May: Of course not.You know, there are many foreign customers like you here.And I think it's good for me to improve my oral English.Customer: Oh, are you an English student? Or you just study English for interest's sake? May: No, I'm not an English student.But I do like English.I'm going to be a volunteer in the 2008 Olympics where I want to be helpful with the language.So I try to improve my English.Customer: Very nice.Thank you for your time.(He hands May some tips.)May: Thank you, sir.But I'm not allowed to accept any tips.)Customer: OK then.I don't want to put you in trouble.May: Well, would you like something else? The new-made café parfait is really good.Want some? Customer: OK.But I'd like some cookies.May: Sure.If you want more coffee, please go over there.There is self-help coffee maker.Customer: I surely know that.Don't forget that I am a regular customer here.May: Oops.Well, wait for a while.We'll get it done quickly.Customer: It's OK.Thank you.阿美: 嗨。这就是您点的东西。
顾客: 你是这里新来的吗?我经常到这家咖啡厅来。但是我以前都没有在这里见过你。阿美: 是的。我是三天前开始在这里兼职的。我的实习期会持续一个礼拜。我现在还是个学生呢?
顾客: 你介意我问你为什么到这里来兼职吗?
阿美: 当然不介意了。你知道,这里有很多像您这样的外国客人。而我想这有利于提高我的英语口语。
顾客: 哦,你是学英语的学生吗?还是你学英语只是出于兴趣?
阿美: 不,我不是学英语的学生。但是我很喜欢英语。我要成为2008年的奥运志愿者,到时候我可以提供语言帮助。所以我要提高我的英语水平。顾客: 真不错。谢谢你。
(他递给阿美一些小费。)
阿美: 谢谢您,先生。但是公司规定我们不可以接受任何小费。顾客: 那好吧。我可不想给你带来麻烦。
阿美: 对了,您还想要点别的吗?新做的冻糕很不错的。要来一点吗? 顾客: 好的。但我想要点曲奇饼干。
阿美: 好的。如果要更多的咖啡,请过去那边。那里有自助的咖啡机。顾客: 这个我当然知道啦。别忘了我可是这里的常客啊。阿美: 哦。那么,请稍等。您要的马上就好。顾客: 没关系。谢谢你。
A Well, life is expensive!We all need money.A 哦,生活消费很高!我们都需要钱。
B You can say that again!The money helps me with my studying so it’s important for me to earn as much as I can.B 太同意你的看法了!钱对我的学习有帮助,所以尽可能多地挣些钱对我很重要。
In my opinion,part-time job has many advantages ,and a few of disadvantages too.As normal students in school,the traditional education emphraises the study is the first work to us,but when we have enough time to do other things,the part-time job becomes a fashional choice.Part-time job,if we arrange it well ,it will not make any funtion to our study.Then it makes we know how to work in sociaty,how to make money,how to live in sociaty by oneself.With the part-time job, we will abudant our social knowledge and other things.In the oppsite side,if we can't anrrange the time beteween job and study.part-time job will inteact our study.As a student,you willbe said you're not a good student in school.So when saying the disadvantage and advantage of part-time job,i think how to arrange is the most important key.get some work experience
——What is the arrangemengt for the weekend? ——I found a part time job at the national day as a attendant at Fotile.That was my first part time job.——How was the feel? ——Befoe going to the workplace,I feeled very exciting and a bit anxiety.But when I begain to work,I was standing in front of the building material market,passing out flyers to customers.At first,I am very shy,But gradually I was very natural.——It sounds very great.You must add to a lot of experiences.——Yes,I love this job.Though this experience,I understand many management conception.And when I get weg,I was very exciting,because this is my first time making money for myself.——I am so happy for you.You know more and more students have part time job during study at school.I want to find a part time job too.I also want to get some work experience.For college students to do a part-time job will exert a profound influence on their personality and life.——Right,we can be a little more independent from our parents as a reasult.——Is it possible to find a part-time job via the Internet?Of course.It is the most common way to find a job these days.——Oh,no.There is no need.There a lot of advertisement on the notices boards around campus ——Oh,right,I have not think of that.We can also find a lot of information for part-time jobs on our university's online message board.What kind of part time job are you interested in? ——Oh,let me see.I am planning to work as a private tutor at this winter vocation.My uncle ask for me to teach my cousin.——private tutor?How amazing!Which subject are you teaching?how old is the you cousin? ——I am teaching math to my cousin who is in the eighth grade.He is very naughty.and he doesnot want to study at all.I think I teach him will very hard ——Never mind,do not be in hurry.——I suppose it will have to do.——When the child was young,he was too fond of playing.——Yes,I think so too.I should have patience and confidengce,I should be able gradually to change his bad habits.and develop good study habits.——Ok,one more important tings,before you teach your cousin ,you should review the math.and finally wish you success.——Thank you very much.I will try to work hard.nowadays, an increasing number of college students are doing part-time jobs.people hold different opinions on that.some people think that there are many advantages for college students to have part-time jobs.firstly, part-time jobs offer them opportunities to apply what they have learned in school and demonstrate their abilities.secondly, it enables them to be more independent of their family and builds up their self-confidence.thirdly, part-time experiences may be of great help to their future careers.finally, part-time jobs can broaden their college lives and help them know more of themselves and society.however, some other people hold that doing part-time jobs has more disadvantages.the main job of college students is to study, not to work.if they have part-time jobs, they may have to reduce their time for sleep, rest, study and activities.working several hours a day consumes a lot of time and energy and may affect their studies.as a result, they may find it hard to adjust to what the college expects of them as well as their employers expect, and finally, they may fall behind or fail in their studies.in my opinion, students can choose to take up a part-time job according to their own situation.the most important thing for them is to keep a good balance between part-time jobs and his study.14.大学生兼职的利弊
Taking a Part-Time Job Many college students take part-time jobs in their spare time.Whether it is good or bad is still subject to constant debate. Some people believe that taking a part|time job certainly brings about several advantages.To begin with, students can learn how to get along with people and know the society better by taking a part|time job.Furthermore, to take a part-time job provides the students with a valuable opportunity to put what he has learned from books into practice.Finally, students can make some money, which helps to unload their families' financial burden. However, problems may also arise.Firstly, some students spend too much time doing part|time jobs while neglecting their studies.Secondly, when taking part-time jobs, the students may be distracted from their studies by the colorful lives in the society.Thirdly, some students may be cheated or hurt by their employers, because they don't know how to protect themselves. As for me, I share the view that college students need to step out of the campus and take some part|time jobs if their schedule permits.After all, it opens them a window to know about the society, which is essential to their maturity.