高考英语书面表达技巧

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第一篇:高考英语书面表达技巧

高考英语书面表达技巧

通常,英语学习,听、说、读、写、译五项基本技能缺一不可。《普通高中英语课程标准》,对九级语言技能目标英语写作有6点明确的要求。同时列出了写作技能与试题设计的要求和写作评价标准,其测试方式有五种。学生作文主要从内容要点、语言使用效果、结构和连贯性、格式和语域及与目标读者的交流五个方面进行评价。英语书面表达是英语语言基础知识和语法基础知识的综合运用,还要具有较强的语言表达能力和逻辑思维能力,要求内容清楚、意思连贯、结构完整、逻辑性强、主题突出、用词准确、文体恰当。一般,要文理通畅,非单纯地翻译。要答卷满意,平时确实需要长期的信心的培养,耐心的启发,由易到难,从简单到复杂,循序渐进地坚持内容、语言、语法、表达、结构、逻辑和卷面等进行规范地训练,而且训练有素。现在,不少学生对英语书面表达不予或不够重视。这并非完全意义上的写作,只要求用书面语言基本表达出要表达的东西。一般原则是:不多写、不少写和不错写。现结合存在的问题和多年的教学积累,谈谈高考英语书面表达应注重的五方面。用顺

审准题义,明确情景,看清要求。不少考生写作时,还有不看要求或不看完看全要求就解题的习惯,特别是不注意生词或短语提示,或干脆完全根据所给材料先后顺序逐一翻译。前后不连贯,层次不清晰,逻辑性不强。因此应认真思考材料,找到所要表达的主旨文意及线索,在线索引导下通畅地表达内容,增加可读性。为此,应注意使用and, so, then, at the same time, on the one hand, on the other hand, first, second,at last, what''s more, I''m afraid, I think等表示过度及连接的词汇,使之有较强的感情色彩。用对

对每一个句子都尽可能避免语法错误。通常错处出在:

2.1动词错误

(1)多用。

1)There were five hundred students couldn’t go to school because of the earthquake.(划线部分改为Five hundred)

2)A hero comes from Beichuan will give us a talk tomorrow afternoon.(划线部分改为coming或去掉comes)

(2)缺失。

1)He wouldn’t ∧ able to work out the math problem.(遗漏处加be)

2)It isn’t said that they ∧ often careless in class.(遗漏处加are)

(3)时态错误。

1)Hurry up!Here is coming the bus.(划线部分改为comes)

2)Class start at 8:00 am.(划线部分改为starts)

书面表达可能出现多种时态,但特定时间背景下时态相同。如人事物现状的介绍,应以一般现在时为主;过去的介绍,应以一般过去时为主;日记应以一般过去时为主;通知应以一般现在时为主。千万不要随心所欲,不假思索地使用,造成大面积失分。

(4)语态错误。由于汉语被动色彩不浓,因此英语表达易受影响,该用而不用,不该用而用be动词。如:

1)He remembered his wallet had ∧ lost in the bus.(遗漏处加been)

2)The matter was happened two years ago.(划线处去掉was)

还有喜欢在动词前面加be动词。如:

3)I am think that I’ll learn how to use a computer.(划线处去掉am)

4)They are decide that they will study harder.(划线处去掉are)

2.2名词单复数混用

1)He wrote an 800-words article yesterday.(划线处改为800-word)

2)It is a ten-minutes walk from here to there.(划线处改为ten-minute或ten minutes'')

2.3冠词错误

冠词属小词,重视不够,影响表达。

1)How do you spell the computer?(划线处去掉the)

2)We should treasure the time because the time is money.(划线处去掉the)用准

用准确地道的语言,不能生涩难懂,不合英语表达习惯。常见现象如下:

3.1单词堆砌

写句子,用语不准,而根据汉语句序进行相应的英语单词堆砌而成。如:

1)Study hard, are because they know is the Hope project give their chance to go to school.(错)→They study hard because they know it is the Hope project that gives them a chance to go to school.(正)

2)Welcome you come back to our school to visit.(错)

→You’re welcome back to visit our school.(正)

另外,不重视掌握单词,写作时碰到生词难句就委婉地去解释,用模糊定义,语言生涩难懂,文意混乱,表达不清。如:

Mr.Zhao is good at teaching English;he has many good ways to use to teach us.(错)

→Mr.Zhao is good at teaching, and he has many methods of teaching us English.(正)

3.2使用Chinglish

英语作文,受汉语影响,虽语法正确,却不符英语表达习惯。如:

1)Our friends are all over the world.(错)→We have friends all over the world.(正)

2)My height is 180 centimeters and my body is healthy.(错)

→I am 180 centimeters tall and I’m healthy.(正)

语言转换功在平时。简明扼要,表达清楚,是关键所在。冰冻三尺,非一日之寒。用全

初学写作要简单完整清楚地表达,就要把握两个关系:

4.1完整不一定就句式复杂

一味追求新、奇、特、难,容易出错。如:

1)Li Lang, a brave boy who is only 6 years old and that is a middle school student and that comes from the northwest of the Sichuan province.(错)→Li Lang, a brave boy who is only 6 years old , and he is a middle school student from the northwest part of the Sichuan province.(正)

2)It is not only we students but also our parents and our teachers are kind to the children.(错)→Not only we students but also our parents and our teachers are kind to the children.(正)

4.2简单也不一定就用省略句

在不可省的地方省略,结构就不完整,句意就不明确。如:

1)He studies very hard and kind.(错)→He studies very hard and he is very kind.(正)

2)He doesn''t know what and how to do.(错)→He doesn''t know what to do and how to do it.(正)

另外,考试是根据内容和表达给分的,要点齐全,是直接因素。必须注意要点来源:

标题。有些需要标题,却粗心漏掉不写,造成失分。书写标题应力求简洁明了,有较强概括力和针对性,并注意单词字母大小写。

格式。不少应用文需要正确的格式,如通知的开头,常常要交待通知的对象;日记开头,常常交待时间和天气;信件的左上角必须注明写信人的地址和时间,下一行要顶格写上称呼,正文结束后,要有结束语,并签名。

正文。这是全文要点集中之处,应认真思考材料含义,理清大意,将所有要点逐一落实,并检查有无遗漏。

常识性。原材料不一定反应,但仍然重要,既属内容,又承上启下,增强文章可读性。如写通知结尾可用“Don’t forget the time and address.”,“I’m sure you’ll have a pleasant time/a lot of fun.”或“That’s all, thank you.”;写参观欢迎词开头可用“You’re welcome to visit our city.”,“Now, let me tell you something about our school.”或“Let me introduce something about our school to you.”,结尾可用“Now, I’d like to introduce something about our school/LI ping to you.”,介绍结束也可用“That’s all, thank you.”;写信结尾可用“please give my best regards/love /wishes to your parents.”或“Remember me to your parents!”,“I hope to hear from you soon.”或“Waiting for your early reply.”

必须注意原则:不多不少。该有的不少,不该有的不写。整洁

文章写好后,应认真修改,不忙于提前交卷,避免大小写及标点符号错误,誊写应尽可能书写工整,布局美观。卷面整洁清爽就会增加得高分机会。

总之,了解、掌握、运用好以上五个方面,就容易得高分。

第二篇:英语书面表达技巧

南昌市二十九中邹伯瑶

(一)要注意英语习惯表达法

在进行书面表达时,好范文版权所有,全国文秘工作者的114!要符合英语的习惯用法,否则容易杜撰出“中式”英语,使人难以看懂。所以不能先想汉语的意思,然后再直译为英语,而要善于用英语思考(thinkinEnglish),使用常用的英语句型

来表达。

例如:

1他的身体很好。Heisstrong.(正)

Hisbodyisstrong.(误)

汉语说“某人的身体强弱”,英语中不必加body。

2我想不会下雨。Idon’tthinkitwilrain.(正)

Ithinkitwilnotrain.(误)

凡说“我想……不……”时,英语中应该用“Idon’tthink……”句型。但“hope”一词却相反,我们可以说“Ihopeitwilnotrain.”而不可以说“Idon’thopeitwilrain.”

(二)巧用思维拐弯法

当表达某一意思有困难时,巧用常用词语或自己熟悉的词语来进行表达,可达到同样效果,又可避免出错。

例如:

这些月饼很可口。

Thesemooncakesareverydelicious.

某同学因“delicious”一词想不起来,为避免拼错,这位同学思维一转,灵机一动,马上写成:

Thesemooncakesareverynice.

(三)巧用变繁为简法

当一个较长的中文意思,用一句英语表达有困难时,可分为两句或多句表达。

例如:这张照片中怀抱婴儿的那个妇女是我的母亲。

Inthisphotothewomanwithababyinherarmsismymother.

如有困难,可改成两句来表达就简单得多了:

Thewomaninthisphotoismymother.

Ababyisinherarms.

其实,英语书面表达有较大的灵活性,并不一定写很长的难句就好,只要叙述清楚,有条有理,让人一看明白就行。

《英语书面表达技巧》

第三篇:书面表达技巧

2010高考二轮复习英语教案

专题二十一 书面表达

【专题要点】书面表达的体裁、题材、情景具有多样性、实用性。近年来,书面表达取材比较广泛,内容较为丰富,题材多为日常生活和一般交往所涉及的内容。体裁包括记叙文、说明文、应用文和议论文,命题的方式多种多样,主要有文字提示、图画提示和图表提示三种。

【考纲要求】考试大纲对成人高考英语书面表达的要求是“要求考生根据所给情景,用英语写一篇100-150个单词左右的短文。情景包括目的,对象,时间,地点,内容等等,提供情景的形式有图画,图表,提纲等”;要求考生能: 1.准确使用语法和词汇;2.使用一定的句型、词汇,清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思;英语课程标准中关于成人高考写作的要求为:1.能根据用文字及图表提供的信息写出短文或报告;2.能写出语意连贯且结构完整的短文,叙述事情或表达观点和态度;3.能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺。

【教法指引】综观近几年的成人高考英语发展势态:书面表达旨在训练学生对所学语言知识的实践应用,特别是测试学生的语言交际能力和语言知识的活用能力的必考题型,也是成人高考中重要且难度较大的题型,所占分值为25-30分,要在30分钟内写出80-100个词左右的短文。历年来,成人高考英语书面表达主要有以下特点:

一是文体的常用性,即其所涉及的文体有:1.议论文,以摆事实,讲道理的方式表述观点,事物,方法的原则,须具备论点,论据,论证三大要素;2.说明文,用说明作主要表达方式来说明某个事物的形状,性质,功能或形成原因,发生发展过程等;3.应用文,有书信,日记,口头同志,便条,广告,启示,请柬,贺卡,海报等形式,其中信的形式有包括求职信,感谢信,商务信函等;4.记叙文,以记人,叙事为主要内容,以叙述为主要表达方式的一种文体,包括介绍人物地生平事迹,记叙事情发展过程,说明前因后果等。

二是题材的熟悉性,既书面表达的取材主要涉及中学生所体验到的日常生活。

三是内容的控制性,它通过图画,表格,要点等来限定考生的写作内容,使得考生在写作时自由发挥的余地较小。

四是题型的稳定性,由上所述,近年来考试的命题形式主要以图画,表格形式出现,有时以提纲,要点形式出现。

五是要求的渐进性,既成人高考对书面表达的要求在逐年提高,由原来的要求写对,到以前的要求写好,再到现在的要求写出文采,使用高级词汇和复杂结构等,并对由此而产生的错-1-

误采取了宽容的态度。

以30分作文为例,一般评分标准:

A.内容充实,主题突出,覆盖所有知识要点,应用了较多较高级的词汇和语法结构,有效得使用了语句间的连接成分,结构紧凑,给25-30分。

B.内容较充实,能表述作文要求,语法结构和词汇能满足内容要求,有一些错误但不影响全文理解,全文连贯,给21-25分。

C.内容基本充实,尚能表述作文要求,句子简单但能表达内容要求,给15-20分。

D.漏掉或未能写清主要内容,有些内容与主题无关,语言错误影响了读者对写作内容的理解,缺少连贯性,信息未能清楚地传达给读者,给10-15分。

E.明显遗漏主要内容,严重离题,不知所云,字迹潦草,给1-10分。

从高考评卷及平时测验题,学生在做书面表达题时,得分率较低,卷面普遍存在的缺点:1)文不对题(文体格式不规范);2)离题太远(抓不到要点,该说的不说,不该说的说的太多);

3)词不达意(有的甚至用汉语标注或留空);4)病句太多(时态、语态、人称、数等语法);

5)卷面不工整(字迹潦草、乱涂改、添插箭头满篇飞)。如何指导学生克服上述缺点,少犯错误,提高该题的得分率?因此教师在引导考生复习备考突破该题型时要注意如下几点:

一、遵循循序渐进原则

对书面表达题型的训练要从简单到复杂的顺序进行,可以从一些简单的看图作文-记叙文着手;可以从单句-复杂句着手;可以从单段-多段;从不分段到分段等着手对学生进行训练。

二、点拨技巧,事半功倍

分析要求和阅卷情况,在平时的训练中要让考生养成良好的做题习惯如:

1.养成审题的习惯

1)审题时要明确体裁,掌握格式

学生的书面表达往往存在不讲究逻辑、文体和格式的现象,所以很有必要让学生明确常见的几种文体和格式。就中学阶段,最常见的 文体有:应用文(书信、通知、日记、便条)、记叙文和说明文。近十年书面表达内容题材不外乎上述三种文体。若是记叙文,要弄清事件的时间、地点、人物、原因和结果;若是说明文,要了解说明的主旨以及说明的顺序;若是以图画形式提供情景,即看图作文,首先应看懂每幅图的意思,还要弄懂几幅图之间的关系。

2)抓住要点,一一对应。

能否找出覆盖主要内容所有要点是得高分的关键,评分标准一般分五个档次,要点越齐全,得高分 的可能性就越大;反之,若欠缺要点或描述与表达内容要点无关的,得分当然低。

一般要求找出5--6个要点,可先用汉语或用keywords列出,2.养成谋篇布局,谨慎用词的习惯

1)谋篇布局是审题的结果,也是写好文章的关键。一篇优秀的文章都是层次分明,思路清晰,要求达到此标准,必须依据提示进行分段构思,合理布局。

2)选词造句,点石成金。

书面表达要求用100词左右写出包含5--6个要点的短文。从近几年高考英语参考答案看,一般都以8-10个句子组成一篇文章。若用较少于8句话来表达,则句子容易复杂冗长,容易失控;若用多于10句话来表述,则句子零乱与琐碎,文章缺乏整体感。且大多数用简单句,少数用并列句和复合句。

因此,在教学中首先应对简单句五种基本句型以及“there be存在结构”等进行强化训练,然后对并列句、复合句进行适当的训练,使学生获得了扎实的句子结构基础知识,从而从根本上为迅速提高书面表达能力打下了扎实的基础;在平时训练中提醒学生在做题时,要善于避生就熟,当遇到某一难以直接表达的要点时,不妨变通一下,进行“曲线”表达。

3.养成合理安排,联句成文的习惯

书面表达不仅仅是“句子堆积”,要注意文章的连贯性和逻辑性。如何使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑。用好各种连接词,对写出一篇有“英语味”的文章很重要。要求学生按照合理的顺序或按一定的写作线索选用适应的连接词,将句子连珠成串,使各句连成结构紧凑、层次分明、语义连贯的短文。因此,在引导考生复习备考时,教师可介绍一些常用连接成分。如下面表格中是写作中经常用到的一些连接词:

4.养成检查修改,卷面整洁的习惯

做书面表达时,力求用词准确。作文写完后应认真阅读,检查文章中的拼写和标点错误、语法错误、逻辑错误等;检查词数是否符合要求;检查内容要点是否全面,删繁就简,使表达更加精炼,措词更加恰当。定稿后应认真誊写,要求书写规范、正确、美观,并保持卷面整洁。从参加阅卷者都有这样的体会:要在比较短的时间里,阅读完一篇作文,当看到那些字迹潦草卷面不整洁的,心情就特别烦,评分可能比想象的要低;而看到那些书写规范、卷面整洁的,就倍感爽心悦目,有可能得到比较高的分数,这也是情理之中的事情。因此,在训练时,学生要养成书写工整、规范,卷面整洁的习惯,在做高考题时,才不致书写潦草、卷面不整洁,从而导致丢失本来不该丢的分。

第四篇:2011福建高考英语书面表达

2010福建高考英语书面表达

写演讲辞

去澳大利亚做演讲——主题是“水资源短缺”

材料提供三点措施:1.回收利用 2.海水淡化 3.自己的观点

水资源问题:

Water is important to all living things.Without water, there can be no life on earth.Humans also need water to drink, to cook and to clean.But now people waste a lot of water.Some people even pour rubbish into rivers and lakes.So clean water is becoming less and less.It’s important for us to protect and save water.But what can we do to save water? First, we should call on people to protect water.Second, as a student, I think we should remember to turn the taps off when we leave.Third, We should not only collect but also reuse the waste water.After we wash our faces, we had better use that water to water flowers or do something else.If everyone can do something useful, there will be more and more clean water.作为一名中学生,你是如何参与环保这项活动?

As we know, there are many kinds of pollution around us, such as air pollution, water pollution and so on.They are bad for us in many ways.So it’s important for us to protect our environment.As a middle school student, I often do a lot of things for the Greener China.I spread message about protecting the environment, such as the 3Rs.Also I teach the people around me how to deal with rubbish.In my daily life, I often turn the light off when I leave.What’s more, I use both sides of paper and so on.In a word, if everyone can do something useful for our homes, our home will become greener and greener.目前地球面临水资源危机,请你根据以下提示写一篇100词左右的短文。1.人们以为淡水是取之不尽的(提示:雨水、河水、井水„„)2.实际上淡水是非常紧缺的(提示:人口增加,工业用水增加,污染„„)3.人类应该怎么办? Global Shortage of Fresh Water One possible version: Global Shortage of Fresh WaterMany people believe that the world’s supply of fresh water will never be used up.They think that fresh water comes from such a variety of sources that it is always sufficient for use.Such an opinion leads to a shocking waste of water.As a matter of fact, the earth is short of fresh water.Furthermore ,with the rapid growth of the world’s population ,the rising demand for water by industry ,and the serious pollution of our surroundings ,the world is facing the danger of running out of fresh water.Actually ,in some big cities ,fresh water cannot meet the daily needs.Therefore ,to find new ways to save water is an urgent task.First ,we should pass strict laws to control any waste of water.Second ,scientists must wor

k even harder to purify sea water and polluted water ,and try to find substitutes to reduce the use of fresh water.有关环境保护水资源的英语作文5篇

有关环境保护的英语作文:水资源是有限的人们总以为淡水是取之不尽的,实际上淡水资源是很有限的。请谈谈你的看法。

It is generally believed that there is a good supply of fresh water.But to our disappointment, the fact is just the opposite.As we can see, the world population is growing rapidly day by day.So enough fresh water is needed to feed such a big population.What’s more, with the development of industry, factories and vehicles produce poisonous gases or wastes, which consequently results in the pollution of water.Though fresh, a good amount of it can no longer be used.Only quite limited fresh water resource is available to human beings.So it’s high time for us human beings to take quick action to protect water resource.Stop pollution and save water, otherwise, we cannot survive on the earth.With fresh water, the world will be prosperous.Water

Water is very important for living things.Without water there can be no life on earth.All animals and plants need water.Man also needs water.Water is found atmosteverywhere.Even in the driest part of the world there is some water in the air.As we all have found out, water may be a solid, or a liquid or a gas.When it isa solid, it may be as hard as brick, When itis a liquid, you can pour it out of a container.When it is a gas, you cannot see or feel it.Although about 70 percent of the earth's surface is covered with water,there are many places in the world still running out of water.So we should make good use of water on earth.水

水对生物很重要,没有水,地球上就没有生命。所有的动植物都需要水。人

类也需要水。

水几乎无处不在。即使在世界上最干燥的地方,空气中也有水。

水,正如你所了解的,有固态、液态和气态。当它是固态时,它可以像砖一样硬;当它是液态时,你可以将它从容器中倒出;当它是气态时,你看不见或感觉不到它。

虽然地球表面70%是水覆盖着,世界上仍有许多地方缺水。所以我们要好好利用地球上的水。

The Importance of Water

As we all know, plants and animals need water.So do the people's life and production, t,ife couldn't go on without water.With the rapid development of agriculture and industry, more and more water is needed.Therefore, water is becoming scarce in many places.What's more, a lot of rivers and lakes are beginning polluted by the waste watcr from factories.Fish can't live in them any longer.At the same time, thc waste water does great harm to people's health.In order to make rivers and lakes clean and prevent water from being polluted,we must do something to stop all sorts of pollution.水的重要性

正如我们所了解的,动植物需要水,人类的生产生活也需要水。没有水便没有生命。

随着工农业的迅速发展,水的需要量越来越大。因此,许多地方缺水。而且,许多河流湖泊被工厂排放的污水所污染,鱼不能生存。同时,废水给人们的健康带来极大的危害。

为了保持河流湖泊清洁,防止水污染,我们必须采取措施,阻止各种污染。

环境日英语作文:关于河水污染的感想

根据下列提示写一篇关于河水污染的感想。

1.上星期天,你随父亲去钓鱼,看见河水污染,几乎钓不到鱼。

2.河水被污染的原因。

3.倘若全国各地的河水都被污染,后果如何?

4.环境污染对人类危害极大,我国政府正在努力采取措施与污染作斗争。

5.希望在不久的将来,河水会变干净。

词数 100~130.Last Sunday my father and I went fishing along a river.We found the water so dirty that we could hardly catch fish in it.A lot of factories along the river always poured their waste water and rubbish straight into the river which made the river water polluted.In this way most of the fish in the river were killed.If the river water all over the country is polluted like this,no living things will exist in the water.As we all know,environmental pollution does great harm to living things and human beings.Now more and more people have come to realize how serious this problem is.Our government is doing her best to take measures to fight against pollution.We expect that the water in every river will be made cleaner and cleaner before long.环境日英语作文:Water Pollution-水污染

Spring is tht best season of the year.The weather gets warmer and warmer.My clas i'amates and I took a one-day sightseeing around our city.The scene was pretty.But when we saw the rivers along our city, I felt very sorry, and thoughit a lot.With the development of modern agriculture and industry, more and more waste water is being poured into rivers.It has caused serious pollution.The river is becoming so dirty that no living things can live in it.The river is giving off a terrible smell.We make an urgent appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.Our government should start building various facilities such as sewage treatment!plant and encourage scientists to work out more and better ways to reduce the pollution of water.Water is tho source of our lives.It is very important to protect water.春天是一年中最好的季节,天气变得越来越暖和。我和我的同学们进行了一次环城一日游,所到之处景色宜人。但当我看到沿着城区流过的河流时,我感到很惋惜,想了很多。

随着现代工农业的发展,越来越多的污水排进河里,河水被严重污染。河水变得如此的肮脏以致于生物不能在里面生活。河水发出难闻的气味。

我们急切呼吁采取措施改变这种状况。政府应当建立各种设备,例如污水处理厂,并且鼓励科学家们想出更多更好的办法以减少水污染。

水是生命之源,保护水资源十分重要。

My classmates and I had an outing this spring.We had a good time.But meanwhile I noticed that water pollution in our city was becoming more and more serious.On our way, we could see women washing clothes in the river.Litter was floating on the river.Waste water produced by a chemical factory was being discharged into the river.We did not see any fish in the river.The fiver was not so clear as before.Water quality was very bad.I am worried

about it because water is important to all living things.Man can not live without water.I hope people pay more attention to this problem, especially the government.Try to control the pollution of water as early as possible.At last I would like to say, “To protect water is to protect life.”

今年春天,我和我的同学去春游,我们玩得都很高兴。但同时,我也注意到我们城市的水污染变得越来越严重了。

沿途我们看到许多妇女在河边洗衣,河面上漂着垃圾,一家化工厂正将废水排入河中。河中看不到一条鱼,河水也不像从前那样清澈了,水质很差。对此我深感担忧,因为水对于所有生物都非常重要。没有水人类将无法生存。我希望人们能多关注这个问题,特别是政府部门,争取及早解决水污染问题。最后,我想说“保护水就是保护生命。”

第五篇:英语高考书面表达结尾模版

英语高考书面表达结尾模版

结尾万能公式

1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论

说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:

Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了!

更多过渡短语:

to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 更多句型:

Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…

2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议

如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽!

Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢?

更多句型:

Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.英语实战演练:

十五、(2009.辽宁卷)假定你住在一个涉外小区。社区委员会请你帮忙用英文以短文的形式写一封电子邮件,将周末农家采摘活动的安排传达给住户。

要点:

时间:下周六上午8:00至11:00 内容:采摘苹果

报名:办公室,下周四下午5:00前 提示:带帽子、手套 注意:

1.词数100左右,开头已为你写好。2.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。3.参考词汇:社区 community 第二节:

一、评分原则

1.本题总分为25分,按5个档次给分。

2.评分时,先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量,确定或调整档次,最后给分。

3.词数少于80和多余120的,从总分中减去2分。

4.评分时应注意的主要内容为:内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。

5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。

6.如书写较差以至影响交际,将其分数降低一个档次。

二、内容要点

1.时间:下周六上午8:00 至 11:00

2.内容:采摘苹果

3.报名:办公室,下周四下午5:00前

4.提示:带帽子、手套

5.欢迎踊跃参加

【参考范文】 Dear neighbors, We are very happy announce that our community is going to organize an activity for all the community members.Next Saturday, we going to pick apples in a village 20 kilometers away from our town, and all are welcome.We will meet at 8:00 am at the gate, where a blue bus will be waiting.Our outdoor activity will last 3 hours, and we’ll be back at about 11 o’clock.If you are interested, please sign up at the office before 5:00 pm next Thursday so that we will make necessary arrangements.We suggest that you bring with you a hat and a pair of gloves.We are looking forward to your joining us.Community Office 【解析】 本题命制稳健,是中学教学中最为常见的提纲式作文。给出要点学生有话可说。

第一步:审题

1、看要求:本题要求以短文的形式写一封电子邮件,将周末农家采摘活动的安排传达给住户。开头已经写好,这样格式应该已经给出,审题的重点放在要点和要求上:要点有五项,注意有三项,但注意的第一项是重要的一项。

2、理思路:调整要点,讲清本次活动的安排。可以先将活动的时间,活动的内容,要求、注意事项表达出来;然后再写5和3要点,这样逻辑清晰表达合理。第二步:写作

可以先在草纸上起草,用自己最有把握的句型、单词、短语去表达,要尝试最简单的复杂句,如用定语从句、宾语从句等,但句式不易过于复杂,要用一些恰当的连词,使句与句之间、段与段之间过渡自然。第三步:检查

作文写完后,最后要进行检查。重点放在要点写全了吗?时态、语态、动词的数、单词拼写对了吗?标点符号、大小写用对了吗?检查完后再抄写在试卷上,注意卷面的整洁。

【专家简评】

主题与考生学习生活或学校活动无关,但由于是以涉外小区为背景所开展的社区活动,主题空间更为开阔,因此该主题大体符合高考英语写作话题的一般思路,可以归类为外事活动。通常,命题以要点形式给出和以汉语题干形式给出,对考生而言,前者的难度要大于后者。因为要点内容的呈现一般看不出英语的句式结构,而如果是完整或半完整句式的汉语题干却能让考生比较容易辨别出英语句式结构。这本身就是一种便利。因此,对于各命题单位而言,这几种形式都应该依据整卷难度的分布情况加以合理配备使用,以免过难或过易。

十六、(2009.浙江卷)

5月1日,高二(3)班的学生志愿者Li Yue 和 Zhang Hua 去阳光敬老院(Sunshine Nursing Home)开展志愿者活动(送水果.打扫.聊天等)。假如你是校英语报的记者,请按下列要点用英语写一则100-120个词的新闻报道。

1.时间.地点.任务.活动;

2.老人们的反应;

3.简短评论。

注意:报道的标题和记者姓名已给出(不记词数)。

Student Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly s5【参考范文】

Student Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly

On May Day, Li Yue and Zhang Hua, students from Class Three, Grade Two, went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some voluntary work.Upon their arrival, Li Yue and Zhang Hua were warmly welcomed, and respectfully, they presented the elderly with flowers and fruits.Then, they started working at once, cleaning the windows and sweeping the floor.Everything done, they sat in the yard chatting with the elderly people.When it was time for the volunteers to leave, the elderly people thanked them for their kindness.They said it was such a beautiful day that they would remember it forever.Li Yue and Zhang Hua were very happy.What they did has brought joy to others and enriched their own lives.By Chen Jie, School Newspaper

【解析】

本文仍属于提纲式半开放性体裁的作文,选材贴近学生实际,有利于考生的正常发挥,考生只要按照所给要点的思路来写即可。

【专家简评】

09浙江卷的话题和07湖北卷相似,又是志愿者,又是敬老,了无新意。但这并不就说明该卷乏善可陈。若从以考生为本的角度看,该卷第一次出现在题中直接给出汉语拼音人名,而不是汉语人名,这也算是一个首创。目的只有一个:避免考生出错。其实,遮掩在汉语拼音中的人名也让人看不出这个人名究竟是汉语中的哪几个字,因为对于外国人而言,字母人名只是一个符号,他们是无法想象汉字人名所携带着的鲜活感和亲切感的。

浙江卷前几年基本上是选择疑问句式的标题作文。例如:“Film or book, which do you prefer?”(06),请你围绕“How do you prefer your English classes to be taught? In English only, or in both English and Chinese?”这个问题…(07),“Working Individually or Working in a Team”(08)。09年不在题中给出标题,却在文中直接给出标题,不知何意?不知这个对于检测考生的实际能力有何帮助?另外,虽然说的是新闻报道,但实际上是一个典型的叙事性质的短文写作。08年仅北京考了一篇叙事性质的写作。09年,除了北京继续考了叙事外,浙江也出现了叙事性质的文体要求。对于浙江考生而言,其写作难度应该远远低于前五年的写作要求了,应该是福。

十七、(2009.重庆卷)

国外某网站举办新一轮网上讨论活动,正面向全球中学生征集话题。假设你是新华中学的学生李华,经常访问该网站。现请你用英文给该网站发送一封电子邮件,向其推荐话题。

内容包括: 自我简介 写信目录

话题:我们应该感恩(thankful)推荐的理由 预祝活动成功 注意: 1.词数100左右 2.邮件格式已为你给出 3.邮件中不能出现本人真实信息 4.请在答题卡上作答

【参考范文】

Dear____, I am Li Hua, a student from Xin Hua Middle School.I often visit your website.I am very glad to know that you will make a new round of courses and are collecting topics facing the middle school students.As a student, I really want to recommend a topic to you wholeheartedly.It is that we should be thankful.Living in this world, we have many people that we should be thankful to.We should be thankful to our parents because it was they that brought us into this world;we should be thankful to our teachers because they taught us everything we know and we should be thankful to our friends because when we meet difficulties, they always give us a hand.So I can say we live in a grateful world.I hope that the activity will be a great success.【解析】

这是一篇命题巧妙地书写体半开发性提纲式作文。话题树有教育意义,符合中学实际引导学生思考问题。在写作中应注意如下几点:

1.紧紧围绕话题“我们应该感恩”。

2.但自我简介、写信目录、推荐的理由、预祝活动成功都是围绕话题展开。3.注意分清段落层次,上下文的过渡。

【专家简评】

从写作文体要求看,重庆卷04年要求写记叙文,05年则改成议论文,近四年基本上是陈说性质的文体。就话题而言,近四年都与外事活动或外语学习相关。不过,09年的话题是涉外的话题征集,有些特点。六年来,三次短文写作,三次邮件(其中两次电子邮件)。李华同学出现3次(06,07,09)。总的说来,重庆卷一直比较谨慎,命题基本上没有超出全国卷I的范式。

十八、(2009.上海卷)

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.某海外学校举办英语夏令营,开设了如下课程:园艺(gardening),烹饪(cooking),防身术(self-defence),护理(nursing)。假如你是王跃华(不可以用自己的真实姓名),写一封申请信,报名参加其中一门课程的学习。信的内容必须包括:

你感兴趣的课程

你期望从这门课程中学到什么 为什么想学这些内容 【参考范文】

Dear leader,I am very glad that your school will hold the English Summer Camp that contains many courses,such as gardening、cooking、self-defence、nursing and so on。I want to register to attend a course bout gardening,because I have liked flowers、grasses etc since I was a little child。I especially like playing in the garden where I can enjoy the beauty of nature。For one thing,I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major in the gardening after attending college。Besides I wish to get much more information about gardening so as to study it more easily when I enter the university。What's more,I can realize the bitterness of the gardeners to treasure the plants much more。For another,after graduation from college I will devote my life to cultivate the flowers and grasses to turn our country into a more beautiful state and make many more foreigners come to visit our country。

Yours,Wang yue hua 【解析】

本文是书信格式,报名参加其中一门课程的学习,属于半开放式作文。学生在写作时应注意如下几点:

1.先谈自己感兴趣的学科,从四科中选取自己最有把握和有话可说学科,这是写作的关键,过渡要自然;

2.再写自己希望学到什么,要把握实用性。

3.然后谈出想学这些内容的原因,结合现实,理由合情合理。4.在写作过程中可以尝试句型的复杂化,适度增加情节

【专家简评】 上海卷的一贯特点有以下几条:题干短,话题一般与学习或学校生活相关,写作形式主要是议论性质,间或插以混合性质,给考生的思维空间大。还有一点,从不给出范文。09年的Guided Writing属于混合性质:陈说+议论。话题涉外,且与教育教学课程相关,是很好的话题。但对于上海考生而言,材料的提供是否过于丰富了些?!参看一下惜墨如金的历年上海卷,你就会发现上海卷习惯于提供简练的题干信息,以利于考生的发挥。这次算是一个异数了。

【总评】

2009年高考英语全国卷地方卷共19套,短文写作共20篇(上海卷和广东卷各2篇,宁·海卷共享全国卷I的短文写作题)。综观2009年高考英语短文写作试题,我们发现最重要的一个特点就是关于地方或传统特色话题,也就是母语文化输出类话题增多(5篇),以前只是在某个年份、某个卷种中有这种话题的点缀,现在看来已经蔚成风气。这说明各卷种的命题者们已经认识到了母语文化输出的重要性、紧迫性和现实性,这是最令人感到欣慰的。

强化训练

11、(1分)

假设你是你校京剧爱好者协会的成员,在一次同英国中学生代表团的联欢活动中,你协会将出一个京剧节目。在演出前,由你向外国朋友介绍京剧的由来,按以下提示介绍:

1.京剧在中国很受欢迎,历史悠久,有200年历史,在清朝乾隆年间,乾隆对地方剧

有兴趣。

2.1790年,为庆祝乾隆80岁生日,他召集各地方剧团来京为他演出,4个来自安徽

的剧团在庆典后留在北京。

3.1828年,一个湖北剧团来京,在京常与安徽剧团一起演出,两种唱派合在一起,逐

渐形成了一种新剧种,被称为京剧。

4.下面演出开始,希望朋友们喜欢。参考词汇:

地方剧:local opera

乾隆年间:the reign of Qianlong

表演:perform

剧团:troupe

12、(1分)

你昨天去游泳患了感冒,今天早上头痛,医生让你休息两天。你用英语给老师写一个请假条。

13、(1分)

假设你是学生会的负责人,你们要组织一次英语讲座,请用英语写一个通知,把讲座的安排:时间,地点,主讲人,内容,以及注意事项通知大家。

14、(1分)

李华父亲的朋友陈伟是在美国居住多年的华裔。因陈伟的儿子陈小明明年要来大陆李华学校学汉语,陈小明来信询问学校情况,以下是小华回信的内容。

1.听说你明年来我校学习,我们很高兴。

2.我校是一所具有80年历史的老学校。

3.学校很美,有许多花草树木,两座教学大楼,一座宿舍楼。

4.学校设备优良,有体育馆、计算机室和大图书馆等。学生除正式课程外,还有许多

选修课,如:油画、打字、烹调等。

5.最重要的是,学校有许多优秀教师,课程有趣,老师既有知识又和蔼,非常愿意帮

助我们,我爱我们的学校,我真希望你也能喜欢我们的学校。参考词汇:

选修课:elective

体育馆:gym

宿舍楼:dormitory building

15、(1分)

写信向友人介绍作家鲁迅。

魏明的美国朋友杰克开始学习中国文学,来信询问鲁迅其人及作品。魏明回信介绍鲁迅:

1.鲁迅是著名的中国作家。他不仅是作家,思想家,而且还是中国现代文学的开创者。

2.他的小说被译成多种文字,并被制成电影,如《阿Q正传》、《祝福》这两部影片

深刻地揭露了旧社会。毛主席对他有高度评价。他的一些作品还被选入了中学和大

学课本。

3.认为读鲁迅作品对他很有益处。参考词汇:

创始人:Founder

中国文学:Chinese Literature

阿Q正传:The True Story of AH Q

祝福:The New Year’s Sacrifice16、(1分)

提示:为引进外资,进一步加快你家乡A城改革开放。你向一位外商介绍你家乡A城。

1.A城是一新开发的经济特区。它是一座具有三十万人口的临海小城。

2.解放前是一个小渔村,以渔业为主,没有工业,只有几所小学。

3.改革开放以来,许多外商到这里投资,经济增长很快,建立了许多大工厂、一个大

港口。港口与国内外许多城市连接。

4.教育有很大的发展,建立了该城第一所大学。已有三千人从该校毕业。我相信,A

城在不久的将来将更加现代化。参考词汇:

投资:invest

经济开发区:an economic-zone

港口:port

17、(1分)

11月11日,你将在家里为你的妹妹15周岁开一个生日晚会,写信给你的外国朋友Peter,邀请他来参加。晚会开始时间是晚上6点,将持续到很晚。告诉Peter每天晚上你都在家,请他给你打个电话告诉你他是否来参加生日晚会,并表达你盼望见到他的心情。

在信的开头告诉Peter你已收到他10月25日的来信,但由于最近一直忙于期中考试未能及时回信。

假设你现在的住址是北京西城区云梯胡同1号楼4门2号。

18、(1分)

给笔友保罗(Paul)的一封信 提示:

1.过了一个很好的寒假,在寒假中与父亲一起回老家河北农村。

2.吃惊于家乡的巨大变化。几乎村里每家都有彩电,许多家盖了新房。有的家还有了

摩托车和小汽车。

3.一位村民自豪地告诉我,他和一部分村民打算参加一个旅游团到国外旅游。

4.我表示羡慕他们,我对父亲说,将来大学毕业要回老家来,父亲也表示说他一退休

就来。

5.你的名字小海。

19、(1分)

张红从广告上得知某公司需要一名秘书。写信应聘。以下是张红的简历。

年龄20岁,即将从职业学校毕业。专业:经济管理(business management)。学英语8年,会计算机。在过去三年中一直是本校学生报编辑之一,学习成绩在班上优秀。主要是本人喜欢办公室工作,相信能胜任秘书工作。如果能得到这个机会将十分感谢。

请以张红的名义向公司写信写聘。参考词汇:

职业学校:vocational school

专业:major

20、(1分)

给朋友小林的一封信,谈谈寒假生活。

1.寒假很忙,因为今年七月要参加高考。

2.每天埋头读书,复习每门必修课,做许多练习。

3.学习刻苦,每天学习10小时以上,累时看会儿电视,听音乐,但总不去影剧院。不

得不回绝亲戚朋友的邀请,只在除夕时打电话问候。

4.多希望没有考试,但又不可能,要尽力取得好成绩。考上渴望已久的清华大学。参考词汇:

必修课:required subject

埋头于某事:bury oneself in sth.参考答案:

11、(1分)

Now let me say something about Beijing Opera.Beijing Opera is very popular in China.It has a history of more than 200 years.During the reign of the Qianlong emperor in the Qing dynasty, Qianlong had a interest in the local opera.In 1790, to celebrate his eightieth birthday, he summoned opera troupes from different places to perform for him in Beijing.Four famous troupes from Anhui province remained in Beijing after the celebration.In 1828, A Hubei troupe came to Beijing and often performed together with the Anhui troupes.The two types of singing mixed together and gradually a new type came into being known as Beijing Opera.Now is the performance.I hope you will like it.12、(1分)

Dear Mr.Du,I’m sorry to tell you that I can’t go to school today.I’ve caught a cold because I went swimming yesterday.This morning I had a headache and had a fever.The doctor advised me to stay in bed for two days.Now I’m writing to you to ask for two days’ sick leave.Yours respectfully,Li Qing

13、(1分)

There will be an English lecture on high school education in the U.S.by Mr.Jackson.It will be given in the Lecture Hall on Saturday afternoon from 2:00 to 4:00, May 15th, 1992.Those who are interested in it are warmly welcome.Be sure not to be late.After the lecture, please write a diary about it in English.THE STUDENTS’ UNION

14、(1分)

Dear Xiao Ming,I was excited to hear that you will come to learn Chinese in our school.Now let me tell you something about our school.Our school campus is beautiful.It has many trees, flowers and a lot of grass.We have two very nice teaching buildings and a dormitory building.In addition, the school has excellent equipment, such as a new gym, a computer room and a large library.There are also a lot of electives to choose from, such as painting, typing and cooking.Above all, there are many excellent teachers in our school.Classes are interesting, the teachers are kind and knowledgeable and willing to help the students.I like our school.I hope you will like our school too.Yours Li Hua

15、(1分)

Dear Jack,I was very glad to receive your letter on the tenth of February.You ask me something about Lu Xun and his works since you began to study Chinese literature.Now let me tell you something about him.Lu Xun was a well-Known Chinese writer, he was not only a writer, a thinker, and translator, but also a founder of modern Chinese literature.His novels have been put into many languages and some of novels have been made into films, such as The True Story of AH Q and The New Year’s Sacrifice which expose sharply the old society.The late Chairman Mao spoke highly of him.Some of his novels have been collected in high school and college textbooks.Since you are learning Chinese literature, I think reading Lu Xun’s novels will benefit a lot.Yours Wei Ming

16、(1分)

My hometown is an economic-open-zone.It is a town on the sea with a population of three hundred thousand.Before the liberation it used to be a fishing village.Most people lived on fishing.There was no industry.And there were only few primary schools here.Since the open-door policy, a lot of foreign businessmen invested here.A lot of factories have been built.Economics have developed rapidly and big port has also been built, which is connected with many ports of other ports both in and out of our country.A new university now has been founded.Three thousand students have already graduated from it.I am sure in the near future our hometown will become more modern.17、(1分)

Doorway 4, building 1

Yunti Hu Tong

Xicheng District

Beijing 100037

China

November 4th,1995 Dear peter,Thank you for your letter of October 25.I haven’t written sooner as I were busy preparing for my mid--term exams.We are having a party on 11th November at our house for my sister’s 15th birthday and we hope you can come.It only happens once a year!The party will start at 6 p.m.and will go on until late!

I’m at home in the evenings.Please give me a call.We’re looking forward to seeing you.loves,Zhao Ning

18、(1分)

Dear Paul,How are you!I think you have come back to school now.I have had a wonderful winter holiday.During the holiday, my father and I went to hometown, In the countryside in HeBei Province.I was astonished to find that great changes had taken place in the village in recent years.Almost every family in the village had colour TV set, many families had their houses newly built, or rebuilt, some of them had motorcycles or cars.One of the villagers proudly told me that he and some other villagers were going to join a tour and travel abroad.How I admire them!

I said to my father that I would go back to my hometown after I graduated from college.Father also expressed he would go back as soon as he retired.Both of us were disappointed when the holiday ended so soon, and we had to leave.What did you do in your holiday? Are you busy now?

Here are my best regards to you and your family

Yours Xiao Hai

19、(1分)

Dear Sir:

How do you do? Through the ad.I know you need a secretary.I would like to have this job.Now let me introduce myself to you.My name is Zhang Hong.I am twenty and will soon graduate from a vocational school.My major is business management.I have been learning English for 8 years and I have computer experience.I have been one of the editors for the student newspaper in our school for the past three years.My grades remain upper level in my class.The most important thing is that I like office work very much.I am sure I can do it well.I will appreciate it very much if you would give me the opportunity.Thank you for your consideration.I am looking forward to hearing from you.Sincerely yours, Zhang Hong

20、(1分)Dear Xiao Lin,I have had a busy holiday these winter because I will take part in the entrance examination this September.I almost buried myself in the books every day.I had to go over every required subject and did a lot of exercises.I worked very hard, more than 10 hours a day.When I was tired I watched TV for a while and listened to music, but I never went to the cinema or theater.I had to refuse several invitations from my relatives and classmates.I only called them to greet them on the eve of the Spring Festival.How I wish there were no examinations at all, but of course it is impossible.I will try my best to get better results and go to were no examinations at all, but of course it is impossible.I will try my best to get better results and go to Qing Hua University, which I have been longing for.How is your vacation? Best wishes to you and your family!

Yours Wu Qi

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