汉英翻译技巧----译者的精钢钻 第六节, 长句翻译,答案。

第一篇：汉英翻译技巧----译者的精钢钻 第六节, 长句翻译,答案。

1.（1）If we can become clear on all these problems,we shall arrive at a fundamental understanding of materialist dialectics.The problems are:the two world outlooks,the universality of contradiction ,the particularity of contradiction ,the principal contradiction and the principal aspect of a contradiction ,the identity and struggle of the aspects of a contradiction ,and the place of antagonism in contradiction.(原序法)

（2）The Central committee is of the opinion that these reforms should be carried out step by step according to the inherent connections between the various links of the national economy aswell as the degree fo ripening of the subjuective and objective conditions and in the right order of importance ,urgency and feasibility,and that they should basically be accomplished in about five years（原序法）

（3）According to Zhang Zhaogen,deputy curatorof Suzhou Museum,the unearthed debris is believed to be fragments of unused porcelain items which were thrown away near the wall by traders after transportation damage had been spotted.(变序法)

（4）Shaoxing lies to the south of the Qiantang River on the Ningbo-Shaoxing plain with a warm climate and fertile soil.Rich in natural resources,it has long been known as a “land of fish and rice”.I t is also known as an”Oriental Venice”or a “City of Bridges”,for it abounds in rivers and lakes.(变序法)

(5)The units that engage in purchasing the industrial waste and used metalsshall appyto the public security sub-bureau or county bureau at their place of business for examination,pass the examination ,and obtain the permit for special business issued by the Municipal Public Security Bureau.(变序法)

(6)Where a unit or individual, in violation of paragraph 1 of Article 3 of these Measures,illegally purchases waste and used industrial metals,the authorities concerned shall stop his business and confiscate the illegally ourchased articles ,and the illegally obtained profits;it may also impose a fine of not less than Renminbi 5,000 yuan but not more than Renminbi 10,000 yuan on the unit or the person directly responsible.(变序法)

（7）We must press forward with the reform in the foreign trade regime.Conglomeration----forming allies with farming,manufacturing,or scientific research with foreign trade as the locomotive/ flagship---point the way ahead to strngthened competitiveness(确定主谓)

（8）Maglev floats in the air,supported by the force of the immensely poweful magnets.Instead of rolling on rails ,it actually flies ,using magnets for propulsion.Unhindered by any friction except wind resisitance, the maglev can attain speeds unheard of in ordinary land travel.(确定主谓)

(9)Cultural exchanges among historical and culturally significant cities,whose respectiv cultural features and individuality are their unique and invaluable symbols, will greatly contribute to the sustainable development and prosperity of their cultures.(确定主谓)

(10)West Zhuzhou, a National Hi-tec Development Zone as well as an economically fastgrowing urban area ,aims hgh in terms of environmental, economical and social development.Undoubtedly East Lake Sewage Plant is a good investment programme.(确定主谓)

2按括号中的要求把下列各句译成英语

（1）All of them arecommon ppeople who have been widely praised by people of all walks of

life for their unusual deeds---they went so far as to say gooo-bye to their bosses,therefore lost their jobs for sake of conscience ,personality and national integrity and dignity(重心

前移)

（2）The Scientific Outlook on Development is a continuation and development of the

important thoughts on development advanced by the previoustherss generations of central collective leadership of the CPC and a concentrated expression of the Marxist world outlook and methodology with regard to development.It is scientific theory that is in the same line as Marxism-Leninsim,MaoZedong Thought,Deng Xiaoping Theory and the improtant thought of Three Represents and keeps uo with the times.It is an important guiding principle for China’s economic and social developmengt and a major strategic thought that we must uphold and apply in developing socialismwith C hinese characteristics(重心前移)

（3）It has been four years since this Government took office.These four years have taught us

one thing :We must be guided by the fundamental principle that all the power of the government is bestowed on us by the people and that all the power belongs to the people.重心前移)

（4）The U UKE OF s heh asked Tsze-lu about Confucius, and Tsze-lu did not answer him.The

Master said “Why did you not say to him,---He is simply a man,who in his eager pursuit(of knowledge)forgers his food ,who in the joy of its attainment forgets hissorrow ,and who does not perceive that old age is coming on ?”(形合法)

（5）Suddenly Ah Qian came along,humming an aria from a local opera,his shoulders slung

with a sickle, a carrying pole and some ropes.Seeing that I was listless,he stopped and stuck up a chat with me(形合法)

（6）Early in ancient China ,there were noble –minded people who would die of their thirsty

rather than drink water form stealth-spring, who would die fo hunger rather than eat food handed out in contempt(行合法)

（7）At other times you may be so occupied with your work or socail intercourse as to have no

time for books.Then you can peacefully listen to wisemen of all times,enriching yourself with their ideas, and enlarging your stock of knowledge.Or you can draw a pictre,or arrange Chinese chess for a near-end game.If you are in the mood ,you may as well open an album and let the photos bring back memories of those now far away ,Aren’t any of these a real pleasure in life(行合法)

（8）The Western Hills,about 15km from Kunming, is lovated on the edge of Dianchi Lake in

the wetern suburbs of Kunming.It is stretching from north to south for 40kilometers with an altitude of some 2,500 meters above sea level.(综合法)

（9）During the period of the 11 Five-Year plan,China will add 17,000 km length of railways

with the total reaching 100,000 km by the year 2020.By then the purchasing of train tickets will be made much easier.The current speed increases to over 200 km/h is a breakthrouhgh on the basis of China’s maxium speed on the existing rail routes,which is the highest rail speed currently operating in the world.This means that there sill be no more large-scale speed-up exercises on China’s exitsting railway lines(综合法)

（10）All the seats on the D-prefaced streamlines train seats are soft swivel chairs.Not only is

the seat’s reclining position adjustable, but passengers can opt to turn their seats to keep in the direction of the train or to face the persons sitting behind them.This is especially appealing to friends,families,co-workers and classmates traveliing together(综合法)

将下列段落译成英语

The Chinese nation has never believed in human supremacy.And the notion finds full expression in the philosophy,literature and art that humans coexist with other species in nature with a proportionallyproper rather than an absolutely dominant position.Therefore we generally suffer less depression than Westerners ,as the degree of the suffering varies with that of our desire and ambition.People in the agricultural society have much less enjoyment than thosein the industrial society,and hence less desire.Moreover, the main Chinese ancient philosophy of life is always tobe free from encumbrance of enslavement of the outside world.Certainly there are among us misers who ,however ,pale in the presence of the misers and careerists depictaed by Moliere and Balzac.In comparison with Westerners,the Chinese people easier to be satisfied, are mostly unbiased,peaceful, unworldly and guileless.

第二篇：汉英翻译技巧

汉英翻译技巧

第一节 汉语无主语句的英译处理

一、祈使句对应为祈使句

e.g.小心轻放。

Handle with care.量体裁衣，看菜吃饭。Fit the dress to the figure and fit the appetite to the dishes.宁为鸡首，不为牛后。Better be the head of an ass than the tail of a horse.二、采用英语的被动结构译出 采用英语被动结构翻译的汉语无主语句一般的情况：一是某些表示事物存在的无主语句；二是有些句子突出宾语部分，在翻译时可以不用补出主语而用原句中的宾语来充当主语。e.g.这儿将修建更多的居民大楼。More apartments will be built here.利用发电机，可以将机械能转变为电能。

The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by a generator.在合同中，详细地规定了双方必须履行的各种条件。

In the contract, all kinds of conditions which both sides should follow were laid down in detail.没有爱心，就无法了解人生。

Life cannot be understood without much charity.三、采用倒装语序 e.g.地下埋藏着大量的金银。

Hidden underground is a wealth of gold and silver.随着一声吼叫，忽的从树林里窜出一只老虎来。

Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes.山里住着个老和尚。

In the mountain lived on an old monk.四、采用 THERE BE 结构 例句：没有顺利，无所谓困难；没有困难，也无所谓顺利。

Without facility, there would be no difficulty;without difficulty, there would also be no facility.剩下的时间不多了。There is very little time left.萝卜白菜，各有所爱。

There is no accounting for taste.无水则无鱼。

Without water there would be no fish.楼下有人想和你说话。

There is a man downstairs who wants to speak to you.you are wanted downstairs.五、采用 IT 作主语译出

例句：要解决问题，还必须做系统、周密的调查工作和研究工作。

In order to solve the problem it is necessary to make a systematic and thorough investigation and study.与自然作斗争，倍感快乐。It is a great joy to battle against nature.活到老学到老。

It is never too old to learn.子曰：学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？

Confucius said, is it not a pleasure after all to practice in due time what one has learnt? Is it not a delight after all to have friends come from afar?

六、增添适当的代词或名词充当主语 例句： 知彼知己，百战不殆。

If you know your enemy and yourself, you can fight a hundred battles without peril.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

If one does not enter the tiger’s den, how can he get a tiger’s cub.六、因文制宜，区别对待

例句：未经审批机关批准，合同中不得规定禁止接受方在合同期满后继续使用技术的条款。

Unless approval has been obtained from the examining and approving organ, a contract shall not include provisions prohibiting the recipient from continuing to use the technology after the expiry of the contract term.由于英语被接受为联合国的官方语言之一，这就使英语在国际外交场合使用得更为广泛了。

The use of English in international diplomacy is strengthened by its acceptance as one of the official languages of the U.N.说明白了一切，就再无奥妙可言了。It will leave nothing in obscurity;everything is seen.Exercises: 1.要适可而止，否则就要完蛋。

2.不远处传来了提琴的声音，调子哀enough, or we will die.Enough is 伤。Not far away from the sound of the fiddle, and that'll sorrow.3.在游廊的最左端，靠近一道门，坐着一位将近30岁的男子。

4.他的书桌上放着带有细菌的小碟the left, near a door, sits a nearly 30 years old man.Most of the veranda at 子。His desk is put a little dish of bacteria

All in all, it was two 5.总之，是两点而不是一点。

6.花瓶里没有水了。and not a bit.The vase no water.7.要

很容易看得出来那作家是一位生手，刚从事写作。8.。

Very easy to see the writer is a beginning, just writing

9.不怕一万，就怕万一one thousand.Ten thousand not afraid, afraid of 10.还看不出来他能挑得起这副担子。Also see he can pick up the burden alone.11.去年

12.必须认真做好建厂前的准备工作。The factory must do the preparing work before.Should teach children to 13.应该教导儿童讲实话。

14.必须保证8小时的睡眠。

15.发现了错误，一定要改正。tell the truthhours of sleep.must correct.Must ensure that eight

Find a mistake，第二节、汉语“是”字句的英译处理

一、表示“等同”

例句：他最佩服的就是你。

Of all the people, you are the one he admires most.二、表示“类属” 例句：这台机器是进口的。

The machine was imported from abroad.他是来找你的。He is here to see you.三、表示“事物状态” 例句：要是旧社会，遇上这样大的水灾，早已是哀鸿遍野了。

If a flood of such magnitude had hit the land in the old days, the stricken area would have been a scene of desolation and despair.你现在是身不由己，只能听他的。You have to listen to him whether you like it or not.四、表示“存在” 例句：她满脸是泪，默不作声。She was soundless and her cheeks were bathed in tears.别看他长得胖，其实浑身是病。Despite his stout build, he suffers from all sorts of diseases.五、在两个类似结构中表示“区别”，转换为英语相对的对比结构。例句：他是他，我是我，我们谁也管不着谁。

We have our own wills, he and I, neither is the other’s master.昨天是昨天，今天是今天，情况是不断变化的。

Events are moving very fast;what was true yesterday may not be so today.这个人言行不一，说是说，做是做。This man’s deeds do not match his words;he never practices what he preaches.敌是敌，友是友，必须分清界限。A friend is a friend, a foe is a foe;one must be clearly distinguished from the other.六、表示“让步”，用适当的副词或者让步句型来体现。例句：书是好书，可惜贵了点。It is true that this is a good book, but it’s a bit too expensive.他的本意是好的，只是措辞不当。He meant well, but he didn’t put across his ideas properly.你就是有天大的本事，恐怕也施展不开。

However capable you are, you probably can do nothing in this circumstance.这房子老是老，但离商店近，采购方便。

Indeed, the house is old, but as it is close to the stores, it is convenient for shopping.六、表示“强调”，一般转换为强调句式 例句：是谁教你这样做的？ Who told you to do so? 是这位解放军战士救了你。

It was this PLA man who saved you.我写的信是给她的，不是你。

It was to her that I wrote a letter, not to you.七、表示“凡是”，由英语习惯句型决定。

例句：是人都会犯错误。

Every man is liable to error./ No one is free from error.是孩子他都喜欢。He loves all children.正如一句话所说，是亲三分像。As an old saying goes, blood is thicker than water.是重活他都抢着干。Whenever there is a tough job, he is always the first to do it.八、表示“恰当” 例句：屋里的家具放得都不是地方。The furniture in the room is arranged exactly where it should not be.你来得正是时候。

You have come just in the nick of time./ You can’t have come at a better come.她穿的裙子很是漂亮。

The dress looks very beautiful on her.九、表示“选择”或“疑问” 例句：你是看电视还是听音乐？ 他不是出国了么？

十、表示“确认”，有强调的意思，一般通过助动词、副词或短语来体现。

例句：她爸爸是不同意她和汤姆来往的。

Her father does disapprove of her having anything to do with TOM.这件事他是不知道。

He certainly doesn’t know this.这孩子是可爱。

The child is lovely indeed.我不是不懂，只是不想说。

It is not that I didn’t understand, but that I didn’t want to say anything.十一、表示“特征”，一般直译。例句：马克思主义的基本原理是普遍适用的。

The fundamental tenets of Marxism are universally applicable.本领高强的人，往往是谦虚好学的。Men of capability are often modest and show a desire to learn.作战时他总是身先士卒，故能所向披靡。

He was always at the head of his men in battle, and so his army was invincible.练习题

1、我们是坐船去武汉的。

2、玩弄她的感情是卑鄙的。

3、这个故事好是好，就是长了点。

4、这场火灾是他们不小心而引起的。

5、满屋都是烟，连他衣服上都是烟味。

6、他开办这家工厂完全是白手起7、8、9、10、11、12、家的。

这本书我是有的，可是我一下找不到。

这原来是破旧、窄小的一条旧街。

这人真讨厌，总是死皮赖脸的缠着人家。

既然要搞掉他，罗织罪名还不是易如反掌。

今天开这个会啊，是想听听各方面的意见。

不管怎么样，我是决意要完成这项任务的。

Keys: 1.We went to wuhan by chartered boat.2.It was mean of him to play with her/affections.3.It is a good story all right, but a bit too long.4.The fire resulted from their carelessness.5.Smoke filled the room;even his clothes smelled of smoke.6.He built up his factory literally from nothing.7.I have the book somewhere but I cannot lay my hands on it now.8.This place was originally a narrow, shabby street.9.The man is quite a nuisance;he keeps pestering/bothering others/me shamelessly.10.Now that they have decided to get rid of him, charges can easily be framed.11.Look！We are holding this meeting today to make sure that different opinions are put forward freely.12.I mean to accomplish the task, come what may happen.汉语习语的英译处理

习语是人们在语言发展过程中，经过长期的社会实践提炼出来的短语或者短句，是语言的精华。从广义上讲，汉语习语包括成语、谚语、俗语、歇后语等。具体特点表现在：

1、习语本身是修辞手段的集中体现，如谐音等来增加美感，如“嘴上没毛，办事不牢”，“吃得苦，耐得烦；不怕死，霸得蛮”；英语中的“by hook or by crook”, as red as a rose。

2、习语是语言中独立、不规则而固定的因素。如“露出马脚”不能说成“露出猪脚”，“雪中送炭”不能说成“雪中送煤”。基于上述特点，翻译过程中必须注意：

1、尽量保存原文的民族特色和风格，在可能的情况下以直译为主。

2、不能把习语当做普通语句处理，注意修辞美感。

一、汉语习语英译的常用方法

1、英语同义句借用法

A: 借用意义和形象相同或相似的 B: 借用意义相同但形象不同的 例如： A:

随大流，以牙还牙 隔墙有耳 一文不名绞尽脑汁 针锋相对 时时刻刻 千钧一发 浑水摸鱼 swim with the tide a tooth for a tooth walls have ears

without a penny to one’s

name

to rack one’s brain give tit for tat every now and then hung by a thread to fish in troubled water

如坐针毡 a bed of thorns 谋事在人，成事在天

Man proposes, God disposes 星星之火可以燎原

Little chips light great fire.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳 Once bit, twice shy.空中楼阁、君子协定、事实胜于雄辩、有其父必有其子、B:

半斤八两 six of one and half a dozen of the other 无足轻重

of no account 锦囊妙计

ace in the hole/sleeve 非公莫入

no admittance 徒劳无益

hold a candle to the sun 茫然若失

be all adrift 水中捞月

fish in the air 乳臭未干

the smell of the baby 寿终正寝

die in the bed 一丘之貉

birds of a feather(flock together)

2、直译法

蓬头垢面 with disheveled hair and dirty face

求同存异 see common ground while reserving differences 扑朔迷离

complicated and confusing

朴实无华

simple and unadorned 能者多劳

the abler a man, the busier he gets.自力更生 regeneration through one’s own efforts 顺水推舟 push the boat with current 欺软怕硬 bully the weak and fear the strong 半途而废 give up halfway 口蜜腹剑 with honey on one’s lips and murder in one’s heart.有钱能使鬼推磨

If you have money you can even make the devil turn your mill(serve for you).十年树木百年树人

It takes ten years to grow trees but a hundred years to rear/cultivate people.路遥知马力，日久见人心。

A long road tests a horse’s strength, while a long time proves one’s heart.天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福

Storms gather without warning in nature, while bad luck befalls men overnight.3、意译法

畏首畏尾 over-cautious

不到黄河不死心

Not stop until one reaches one’s goal 独木不成林

One person cannot accomplish much.4、节译法 汉语习语中有些是对偶词组，往往前后两对含义相同

无影无踪 vanish without a trace 长吁短叹 千真万确 一朝一夕 根深蒂固 不屈不挠 自给自足 经久耐用 同心同德 清规戒律 油头粉面 惊心动魄

sigh deeply be quite true overnight deep-rooted unswerving self-sufficient durable with one mind taboos(regulations)high-painted soul-stirring

5、直译加注法

东施效颦 Dongshi, an ugly woman, knitting her eyebrow in imitation of the famous beauty Xi Shi only to make herself uglier—blindly copying others and making oneself look foolish.二、汉语习语中数词的英译

1、直译法

千金难买一笑

A thousand pieces of gold can hardly purchase a smile.一寸光阴一寸金

An inch of time is an inch of gold.一着不慎满盘皆输

One careless move loses the whole game.百花齐放，百家争鸣

Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend.听君一席话，胜读十年书

One evening’s conversation with a gentleman is worth more than ten-year study.2、保留部分数字

杀一儆百 punish one as an example to others 三心二意 two-minded 两面三刀 double-faced and tricky 十拿九稳 ninety percent sure

3、省略法（当数字是虚指时）昙花一现 be a flash in the pan 一干二净 neat and tidy;不三不四 dubious；inappropriate 百无聊赖 to be overcome with boredom 白问不厌 to serve patiently and tirelessly 三言两语 a few words 五谷丰登、五光十色、五湖四海、十万火急、才高八斗、千秋万代（throughout the ages）

第三篇：英语长句翻译技巧1

哈尔滨师范大学

本科高等教育学生实习报告

报告题目

大庆化工厂实习总结

报告作者：何云龙

学号：2007020396

作者单位：哈师大化学系11班 指导教师：李锦州

专业：材料化学

2010年7月

大庆化工厂实习总结

（一）、实习简述

这次能有机会去工厂实习，我感到非常荣幸。虽然只有五天的时间，但是在这段时间里，在老师和工人师傅的帮助和指导下，对于一些平常理论的东西，有了感性的认识，感觉受益匪浅。这对我们以后的学习和工作有很大的帮助，我在此感谢学院的领导和老师能给我们这样一次学习的机会，也感谢老师和各位工人师傅的悉心指导。

（二）、实习工作说明

我们这次实习，主要在大庆油田的化工厂。在合成氨、聚乙烯、醋酸等车间共四个工段进行了半天的实习，在车间师傅的细心讲解和悉心指导下，我们详细的了解了每个车间的设备和操作系统，初步了解了工厂各个车间的工艺指标，对工厂的管理制度也进行了简单得了解，在实习的最后一天，我们还参观了大庆铁人纪念馆和石油科技馆，丰富了我们的知识。

（三）、实习单位简介

大庆炼化公司于2000年10月18日由原中国石油天然气股份有限公司林源石化公司和原中国石油天然气股份有限公司大庆油田公司化工总厂合并组建的，隶属于中国石油天然气股份有限公司，公司地处黑龙江省大庆市让胡路区，下辖所属林源和马鞍山两个生产区，总占地面积20.3平方公里，员工7215人，平均年龄30岁，大专以上学历1526人，占员工总数的21.15%，其中研究生57人，中级以上职称的专业技术人员896人。公司机关设九个处（室），下辖13个二级厂（公司）。固定资产原值118亿元，净资产88亿元。原油加工能力800万吨/年，现有生产装置32套，生产工艺和工程设备均处于国内同行业先进水平。公司目前可生产16种100多个牌号的石油化工产品，其中优质品和免检产品占总量的80%，年销售收入120亿元，是集炼油-润滑油-化工-化纤

于一体的国内大型炼化企业。

化工集团组建于2003年12月25日，2004年6月29日正式在大庆高新开发区登记注册，工商注册为大庆油田化工有限公司。注册资本为8亿元，大庆石油管理局出资7.74亿元，占96.75%；大庆油田建设集团出资0.26亿元，占3.25%。集团自成立以来累计上缴利税75235.7万元，是大庆高新开发区创效大户。化工集团下属9个单位：甲醇分公司、轻烃分馏分公司、东昊投资有限公司、醋酸分公司、技术开发研究院、综合服务分公司、销售分公司、项目管理中心、物资管理中心。

现有在册职工2893名，其中：管理人员979名、专业技术人员155名、生产操作和服务人员1732名、销售人员27名；具有大专以上学历人员1420名、硕士研究生29名、在读硕士研究生41名、在读博士研究生4名；职工平均年龄34.3岁。截至2008年7月底，集团固定生产原值35.18亿元，净值25.68亿元。

化工集团组建以来，充分依托油田的油气资源，加快机构整合和资源共享，面对高温高压、易燃易爆的安全风险，不断克服困难、谋求发展。主营业务收入由2004年的16.72亿元增加到2007年的20.95亿元，累计实现利润11.9亿元。构建了具有化工特色的安全文化，形成了发扬大庆精神的“五精”管理经验。2007年跻身“中国化工企业500强”行列。

面对新形势、新任务、新使命，化工集团将坚持以科学发展观为指导，传承大庆精神、铁人精神，在百年油田创建和4000万吨原油持续稳产中，再做新贡献！

（四）、主要生产装置

1.天然气化工产业

两套10万吨/年甲醇装置：一套为1991年建成投产的6万吨/年甲醇装置，2001年进行了节能扩产改造，现生产能力达到10万吨/年，该套装置采用同比能耗更低、技术更加先进的两

段转化技术。资产原值1.50亿元，净值0.69亿元；另一套为1998年建成投产的10万吨/年甲醇装置，该套装置采用传统的一段转化技术。资产原值3.15亿元，净值1.33亿元。5万吨/年合成氨装置：2006年建成投产，采用德国林德公司的LAC工艺，产品为液氨、氢气、二氧化碳。资产原值4.58亿元，净值3.57亿元。该装置是一套原料性装置，主要为油田注剂和化工集团下游产业链的延续提供原料。目前液氨是生产聚乙烯酰胺的主要原料，氢气是集团正在规划的1，4-丁二醇的主要原料。

20万吨/年醋酸装置：这是为延长天然气化工产业链而建的甲醇下游项目。以甲醇、二氧化碳、氧气和焦碳为原料，采用“低压液相羰基合成”先进技术生产醋酸，该套装置于2007年10月建成投产，总投资15.02亿元。

2.轻烃精深加工产业

20万吨/年轻烃分馏装置：2000年11月建成投产，资产原值

2.41亿元，净值1.14亿元。该装置采用八塔连续分馏装置，主要产品有液化石油气、汽车用液化石油气、工业丁烷、工业戊烷、混合几烷、工业正几烷、工业庚烷、工业辛烷、庚辛烷残液、工业混合烷等11种产品。该套装置是目前国内最大的轻烃分馏生产装置。

5万吨/年戊烷精细分离装置：该装置主要是将20万吨/年轻烃馏分馏装置生产的混合戊烷产品进行深加工，延长产业链而建设的，2003年10月建成投产，资产原值0.70亿元，净值0.45亿元。装置采用四塔连续分馏装置，主要产品有正戊烷、异戊烷、环戊烷及复配后的发泡剂系列产品。该套装置目前是亚洲最大的戊烷精细分离装置，其高附加值效益逐年增加。

3.油田三采表活剂产业

2万吨/年重烷基苯磺酸装置和6万吨/年重烷基苯磺酸装置： 重烷基苯磺酸装置是依据大庆油田“十一五” 三采表活剂规

划用量建设的。多年来化工集团一直配合油田进行三元复合驱矿场实验，大力开发表活剂产品，形成了自主知识产权，重烷基苯磺酸盐被确定为三元复合驱的主表面活性剂。2万吨/年重烷基苯磺酸装置于2005年8月建设，2006年4月投产，资产原值0.44亿元，净值0.35亿元。6万吨/年重烷基苯磺酸装置，投资1.79亿元，于2007年4月开工建设，2008年3月中旬竣工。化工集团被油田确定为重烷基苯磺酸盐的唯一供应商，被集团公司确定为重烷基苯磺酸盐生产基地。

4.180万吨/年原油稳定装置：

该装置2004年10月建成投产，设计年处理原油180万吨，资产原值0.60亿元，净值0.44亿元。2006年经过改造和优化运行，原油处理量提高至230万吨/年，年生产轻烃12万吨。

（五）心得体会

在实习的历程中，本身学到了许多原先在课本上学不到的工具，而且可以使本身更进一步接近社会，领会到市场跃动的脉搏，如果说在象牙塔是看市场，还是比力感性的话，那麽当你身临企业，直接接触到企业的生产与发卖的话，就理性的多。因为，在市场的竞争受市场竞争法则的约束，从采购、生产到发卖都与市场有着千丝万缕的联系，如何规避危害，如何拓宽市场，如何包管企业的生存发展，这一切的一切都是那麽的现实。于是理性的判断就显得重要了。在企业的实习历程中，我发明了本身看问题的角度，思虑问题的方式也逐渐拓宽，这与实践密不可分，在实践历程中，我又一次感受到充实，感受成长。

第四篇：英汉汉英翻译作业及答案

一、单选题（共 10 道试题，共 50 分。）

1.His accent couldn＇t fool a native speaker.A.本地人一听他的口音，就知道他是外地人

B.他的口音不能愚弄本地人。

-----------------选择：A

2.One could not be too careful in a new neighbourhood.A.在新邻居的旁边，一个人不能太小心

B.在一个陌生的地方，越小心越好。

-----------------选择：B

3.We should never warm snakes in our bosoms.A.我们不能内心温和

B.我们决不能姑息坏人。

-----------------选择：B

4.他妹妹老是说谎。

A.His sister always tells lies

B.His sister is a great liar.-----------------选择：B

5.But for your help, I would not have made such good progress in my studies.A.没有你的帮助，我不会在学习上取得这么大的进步

B.没有你的帮助，我将没有这么大的帮助。

-----------------选择：A

6.他好不容易才挤到台前.A.He had a hard time squeezing through the crowd to get up to the platform

B.He had a hard time being forced to get up the platform.-----------------选择：A

7.Mr.Kirsch, having lost all his money by this time, followed his master out into the moonlight, where the illuminations were winking out.A.基希先生这时输的两手空空，便跟着主人走出屋来，月光下彩灯闪闪烁烁，渐渐熄灭

B.基希先生这次输掉了所有的钱，跟着他的主人走到了月光下，彩灯忽闪变弱。-----------------选择：A

8.He took out his key and opened the door, and we all went to a stone hall, bare gloomy and little used.A.他拿出钥匙开门，我们走进石头大厅，感觉很阴沉，没有什么人住

B.他取出钥匙开了门，大家跟着走进一间石头砌成的大厅，里面空无人物，阴森森的，看来平时绝少有人

-----------------选择：B

第五篇：翻译技巧英文合同中简单长句的翻译技巧

英文合同中简单长句的翻译技巧

英文合同中使用的大量长句，主要分为三大类：简单长句、复合长句和并列长句。在翻译这些长句时，首先要正确理解各种相关成分的逻辑关系，然后再适当切分，理出句子的主干成分。最后再按汉语表达习惯，变动语序，重新组合。这样才能连贯、准确、清晰地予以表达。今天我们就先说一下简单长句和并列长句的翻译。简单长句及其翻译

在翻译英文商务合同中的简单长句时，首先要正确理解各种相关成分的逻辑关系；然后再适当切分，理出句子的主干成分，翻译时以句子的主干为主导；最后再按汉语表达习惯，变动语序，重新组合。这样才能连贯、准确、清晰地予以表达。下面举三个简单长句翻译的例子来说明：

1．The Buyers may，within 15 days after arrival of the goods at the destination，lodge aclaim against the sellers for short-weight being supported by Inspection Certificate issued by areputable public surveyor.这是一个简单长句，其主干为The Buyers may…lodge a claim…。修饰谓语动词的状语有三个，a.分别表示时间within 15 days after arrival of the goods at the destination b.方式being supported by Inspection Certificate issued by a reputable public surveyor和

c.目的for short-weight 而且状语中还有状语，作定语的分词issued还有自己的状语by a reputable public surveyor。

众多状语，尽管在英语中的位置十分灵活，然而按照汉语的行文规范，方式状语一般应位于动词之前；而有些状语在译文中可以灵活处理，例如本句中的时间状语，可以提前至句首。因此，上句可译成：货物抵达目的港15天内，买方可以凭有信誉的公共检验员出示的检验证明向卖方提出短重索赔。

2.Within 30 days after the signing and coming into effect of this contract，the Buyer shallproceed to pay the price for the goods to the Seller by opening an irrevocable L/C for the fullamount of USD30,000 in favor of the Seller through a bank at export port.此句的主干为…the Buyer shall proceed to pay the price…to the Seller，其中含有一个时间状语within30 days after the signing and coming into effect of this contract。从语用的角度来看，商务合同中许多时间状语表示的是某一缔约方必须在何时何地承担某一义务和享有某一种权利，即时效性。因此整个句子的重心不是句子的动词，而是发生动作的时间。

在译成中文时，为了突出行为的时效性，时间状语应尽量靠近表示义务责任的关键词“须”。此句中还含有一个较为复杂的方式状语by opening an irrevocable L/C…，其中含有三个介词短语作定语修饰anirrevocable L/C。按照汉语的行文规范，方式状语一般应位于动词之前。

此外，若动词同时带有时间状语和方式状语时，英文的通常顺序是方式在前，时间在后，而汉语却正好与之相反，为方式在后，时间在前。因此本句可译成：

买方须于本合同签字并生效后30天内通过出口地银行开立以卖方为收益人的不可撤销信用证支付全部货款计30 000美元。

3.The Equipment and Material shall be carefully and properly packed in the best and stablecondition according to the figures and characteristics of the Equipment and Material so as towithstand long-distance sea and inland transportation and numerous handlings.此句的句子结构并不复杂但包含一个较为复杂的方式状语。从语用特征的角度来看，方式状语通常都是规定性的，其作用是规定合约方履行某项义务必须采取的方式或手段，在合同的语言环境下，即使有关缔约方履行了合同规定的义务，但若其履行义务的方式与合同规定的方式不符，乃构成违约。因此，方式状语的作用通常都是比较重要的。本句可译成： 设备和原料须根据其形状和特点以完善而牢固的方式精心妥当地包装，包装须适合于长途海、陆运输，能经受多次装卸。并列长句及其翻译

由于撰写合同时不能遗漏任何可能情况，所以英文商务合同中往往有大量并列成分。这些并列成分包括并列的词、短语以及从句。从语用角度看，并列的平行结构使合同的句式平衡，表意完整。在翻译由两个或两个以上的并列单句构成的复杂长句时可以采用分句译法。并列长句的分句之间的语义关系比较松散，因此翻译时可以断开，分解成单句独立存在。例如： The Buyer shall have the right to claim against the Seller for compensation of losses within 60days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination，should the quality of the goods befound not in conformity with the specifications stipulated in the Contract after re-inspectionby the China Commodity Inspection Bureau and the Buyer shall have the right to claim againstthe Sellers for compensation of short-weight within 60 days after arrival of the goods at theport of destination，should the weight be found not in conformity with that stipulated in theBill of Lading after re-inspection by the CCIB.此句由两个结构相同的并列分句组成，均为主句在前，条件状语在后，在两个条件状语中均含有时间状语，此外，两个并列分句中也都含有时间状语，均为within 60 days after arrival of the goods at the port ofdestination，译成中文时，条件状语应分别置于主句之前，而所有的时间状语均放在各自修饰的动词的前面。同时，为了符合汉语句式较短的特点，可以将两个并列分句断开，分解成两个单句，即译成： 若货物经中国商品检验局复检后发现质量与本合同之规定不符，买方有权于货物抵达目的港后的60天内向卖方提出索赔。若经中国商品检验局复检发现货物质量与提单所示重量不符，买方有权于货物抵达目的港后的60天内向卖方提出短重索赔。