丘吉尔在二战初期危难之际就任首相后首次在国会发表的演说

第一篇：丘吉尔在二战初期危难之际就任首相后首次在国会发表的演说

邱吉尔在二战初期危难之际就任首相后首次在国会发表的演说

背景：

9月1日早晨，战争爆发后的数小时，张伯伦召见丘吉尔，邀请他加入战时内阁。9月3日，丘吉尔被重新任命为海军大臣。由于战事进展不顺利，下院议员们在1940年5月对张伯伦政府提出不信任动议案，将矛头指向张伯伦。5月8日，张伯伦政府仅以81票的多数获得信任案，但是张伯伦感到他无法继续执政，因此准备组建联合政府，并让出首相位置。他原本希望由外交大臣、绥靖政策的积极贯彻者哈利法克斯勋爵接任，但是无法得到丘吉尔的支持。张伯伦十分清楚，一旦丘吉尔离开内阁就要垮台。此外工党也向张伯伦施严，十分明确地向他表明，工党将不会再支持由张伯伦或其亲信所领导的内阁。于是张伯伦只得向国王提出辞呈，并建议由丘吉尔组阁。

5月10日下午6时，国王召见丘吉尔，令其组阁；一小时后丘吉尔会见工党领袖艾德礼，邀请工党加入内阁并获得支持。3天后丘吉尔首次以首相身份出席下议院会议，发表了著名的讲话：“我没有别的，只有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水献给大家……你们问：我们的目的是什么？我可以用一个词来答复：胜利，不惜一切代价的胜利，无论多么恐怖也要争取胜利，无论道路多么遥远艰难，也要争取胜利，因为没有胜利就无法生存。”下议院最终以381票对0票的绝对优势表明了对丘吉尔政府的支持。

May 13, 1940

to House of Commons

Blood,Sweat and Tears－热血,汗水和眼泪

First Speech as Prime Minister

May 13, 1940

to House of Commons

On Friday evening last I received from His Majesty the mission to form a newon the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties.I have already completed the most important part of this task.A war cabinet has been formed of five members, representing, with the Labor, Opposition and Liberals, the unity of the nation.It was necessary that this should be done in one single day the to the King tonight.I hope to complete the appointment of principal Ministers during tomorrow.The appointment of other Ministers usually takes a little longer.I trust when Parliament meets again this part of my task will be completed and that the

I considered it to suggest to the Speaker that the House should be summoned today.At the end of today„s proceedings, the House will be proposed until May 2l with provision for earlier meeting if need be.Business for that will be notified to M.P.‟s at the earliest opportunity.declare its confidence in the new government.The resolution:

“That this House welcomes the formation of a government representing the united conclusion.”

To form an administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in are in action at any other points-in Norway and in Holland-and we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean.The air battle is continuing, and many preparations have to be made here at home.today, and I hope that any of my friends and colleagues or former colleagues who are affected by the political reconstruction will any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act.I say to the House as I said to Ministers who have joined this government, I have most grievous kind.We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous never surpassed in the dark and of human crime.That is our policy.Let that be realized.No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.I take up my task in and hope.I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men.then, let us go forward together with our united strength.“

上星期五晚上，我奉陛下之命，组织新的一届政府。

按国会和国民的意愿，新政府显然应该考虑建立在尽可能广泛的基础上，应该兼容所有的党派。

我已经完成了这项任务的最主要的部分。战时内阁已由五人组成，包括工党、反对党和自由党，这体现了举国团结一致。

由于事态的极端紧急和严峻，新阁政府须于一天之内组成，其他的关键岗位也于昨日安排就绪。今晚还要向国王呈报一份名单。我希望明天就能完成几位主要大臣的任命。

其余大臣们的任命照例得晚一些。我相信，在国会下一次召开时，任命将告完成，臻于完善。

为公众利益着想，我建议议长今天就召开国会。今天的议程结束时，建议休会到5月21日，并准备在必要时提前开会。有关事项当会及早通知各位议员。

现在我请求国会作出决议，批准我所采取的各项步骤，启示记录在案，并且声明信任新政府。决议如下：

”本国会欢迎新政府的组成，她体现了举国一致的坚定不移的决心：对德作战，直到最后胜利。“

组织如此规模和如此复杂的政府原本是一项重大的任务。但是我们正处于历史上罕见的一场大战的初始阶段。我们在其他许多地点作战--在挪威，在荷兰，我们还必须在地中海做好准备。空战正在继续，而且在本土也必须做好许多准备工作。

值此危急关头，我想，即使我今天向国会的报告过于简略，也当能见谅。我还希望所有在这次改组中受到影响的朋友、同僚和旧日的同僚们对必要的礼仪方面的任何不周之处能毫不介意。

我向国会表明，一如我向入阁的大臣们所表明的，我所能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、眼泪

和汗水，我们所面临的将是一场极其严酷的考验，将是旷日持久的斗争和苦难。

若问我们的政策是什么？我的回答是：在陆上、海上、空中作战。尽我们的全力，尽上帝赋予我们的全部力量去作战，对人类黑暗、可悲的罪恶史上空前凶残的暴政作战。这就是我们的政策。

若问我们的目标是什么？我可以用一个词来回答，那就是胜利。不惜一切代价，去夺取胜利--不惧一切恐怖，去夺取胜利--不论前路如何漫长、如何艰苦，去夺取胜利。因为没有胜利就不能生存。

我们务必认识到，没有胜利就不复有大英帝国，没有胜利就不复有大英帝国所象征的一切，没有胜利就不复有多少世纪以来的强烈要求和冲动：人类应当向自己的目标迈进。我精神振奋、满怀信心地承担起我的任务。我确信，大家联合起来，我们的事业就不会遭到挫败。

在此时此刻的危急关头，我觉得我有权要求各方面的支持。我要说：”来吧，让我们群策群力，并肩前进！"

第二篇：丘吉尔在国会的演讲

Winston Churchill 丘吉尔

“At four o’clock this morning, Hitler attacked and invaded Russia.All his usual formalities of perfidy were observed with scrupulous technique.A non-aggression treaty had been solemnly signed and was in force between the two countries.No complaint had been made by Germany of its non-fulfillment.Under its cloak of false confidence, the German armies drew up in immense strength along a line which stretched from the White Sea to the Black Sea.And their air fleets and armoured divisions, slowly and methodically.took up their stations.Then suddenly, without declaration of war, without even an ultimatum, the German bombs rained down from the sky upon the Russian cities.The German troops violated the Russian frontiers.And an hour later, the German ambassador, who ’til the night before was lavishing his assurances of friendship-almost of alliance-upon the Russians, called upon the Russian Foreign Minister to tell him that a state of war existed between Germany and Russia.Thus was repeated, on a far larger scale, the same kind of outrage against every form of signed compact and international faith which we had witnessed in Norway, in Denmark, in Holland, in Belgium.And which Hitler’s accomplice and jackal Mussolini, so faithfully imitated in the case of Greece.All this was no surprise to me.In fact, I gave clear and precise warnings to Stalin of Stalin of what was coming.I gave him warnings, as I have given warnings to others before.I can only hope that these warnings did not fall unheeded.All we know at present is that the Russian people are defending their native soil, and that their leaders have called upon them to resist to the utmost.”

…………….The Russian danger is therefore our danger and the danger of the United States.Just as the cause of any Russian fighting for his hearth and home is the cause of free men and free people in every quarter of the globe.Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience.Let us re-double our exertion and strike with united strength while life and power remain.”

注释：

formalities：形式，手段，伎俩

perfidy：背信弃义，背叛

scrupulous：严格认真的in force

有效，在有效期中。cloak：斗篷；伪装

methodically：有条理地

ultimatum：最后通牒

violated：侵犯

ambassador：大使

lavish：慷慨地给予

alliance：联盟，同盟

accomplice：同谋，帮凶 jackal：走狗，爪牙

unheeded：被忽视的utmost：最远的，极度的，最大的 hearth and home 家园

exertion：尽力，努力

中文对照：

今天凌晨4时，希特勒已进攻并侵入俄国。他所有形式的狡诈与不忠都被极其审慎地记录下来。德俄曾签署了互不侵犯条约，并互相遵守着。德国在不履行条约之前也没有过任何抱怨。在虚伪的诺言掩护下，德国纠集大量兵力，布置在从波罗地海到黑海的战线上。他们的大机群、装甲师也缓慢而又有序地进入阵地。然后，突然间，没有宣战，甚至没有最后通牒，德国的炸弹突然在俄国城市的上空雨点般地落下，德国军队已侵犯到俄国边境。一小时后，德国大使拜见俄国外交部长，称两国已处于战争状态。而正是这位大使，昨夜还在大放厥词地向俄国人保证友谊和结盟。在很大程度上，这种不顾协约和国际信誉的暴行，是德军在挪威、丹麦、荷兰、比利时等国的暴行，以及希特勒的同党及走狗墨索里尼在希腊对其行为忠实模仿的重演。对于这一切，我都没有什么诧异。事实上，我曾清楚明确地警告过斯大林将要发生的事情。我提醒他，就像我提醒别的国家一样。我只能期望这些警告没有完全落空。现在我们所知道的是俄国人民正在为保卫祖国而战，他们的领袖正在号召他们全力抵抗外来侵略。

……

因此，俄国的危险就是我们的危险，就是美国的危险；为保卫家园而战的俄国人民的事业，就是世界各地自由人民和自由民族的事业。

让我们从如此残酷的经历中吸取教训吧！趁生命和力量尚存之际，让我们加倍努力，团结奋战吧！

第三篇：卡梅伦在唐宁街10号发表就任首相后首次演讲

卡梅伦在2010年5月11日就职首相的演说词全文如下（中英文对照）：

卡梅伦在唐宁街10号发表就任首相后首次演讲

HER MAJESTY the queen has asked me to form a new government and I have accepted。Before I talk about that new government, let me say something about the one that has just passed.Compared with a decade ago, this country is more open at home and more compassionate abroad, and that is something we should all be grateful for。

女王陛下邀请我组建新一届政府，我接受了这一邀请。在谈论新政府之前，我先说一些上一届政府的事情。与十年前相比，我们英国在国内更加开放，对外更富有同情心，我们应该为此感到高兴。

On behalf of the whole country I would like to pay tribute to the outgoing prime minister, for his long record of dedicated public service。

我代表整个国家，对长期致力于公共服务的前首相表示赞扬和感谢。

In terms of the future, our country has a hung parliament where no party has an overall majority and we have some deep and pressing problems – a huge deficit, deep social problems and a political system in need of reform。

谈到未来，我们国家现在有一个任何党派都不占绝对议席优势的议会，我们还面临着一些深刻而迫切的问题：巨额的赤字，深层次的社会问题和需要改革的政治体制。

For those reasons, I aim to form a proper and full coalition between the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats.I believe that is the right way to provide this country with the strong, the stable, the good and decent government that I think we need so badly。

因此，我的目的是联合保守党和自由民主党，建立一个同心协力的联盟。我相信，这是我们能形成一个强大、稳定、良好和受尊敬的政府的正确途径，而且我们太需要这样了。

Nick Clegg and I are both political leaders who want to put aside party differences and work hard for the common good and for the national interest.I believe that is the best way to get the strong government that we need, decisive government that we need today。

尼克克莱格和我都想成为撇开各自政党利益，为公众利益和国家利益而努力奉献的政党领袖。我相信，这是我们能够得到我们今天需要的强政励治的新一届政府的最好途径。

I came into politics because I love this country, I think its best days still lie ahead and I believe deeply in public service.And I think the service our country needs right now is to face up to our really big challenges, to confront our problems, to take difficult decisions, to lead people through those difficult decisions, so that together we can reach better times ahead。

我之所以从政是因为我热爱这个国家。我认为最好的时代近在眼前并且我深信公共服务。我认为服务我们的国家，此刻需要面对真正的挑战，直面困难，作出艰难的决定，并带领国民克服这些困难，这样我们才能共同迈向美好的明天。

One of the tasks that we clearly have is to rebuild trust in our political system.Yes, that is about cleaning up expenses;yes, that's about reforming parliament;and yes, it's about making sure people are in control and that the politicians are always their servants and never their masters。

很明显，我们的任务之一就是重建对我们政治体系的信任。是的，这就要求我们精简开支、改革议会、保证对国民的妥善管理并确保政治家始终是人民的公仆而非主人。

But I believe it's also something else.It's about being honest about what government can achieve.Real change is not what government can do on its own.Real change is when everyone pulls together, comes together, works together, when we all exercise our responsibilities to ourselves, to our families, to our communities and to others。

但是我相信还有其他方面。就是要诚实地表现政府可能达到的业绩。真正的变革不是仅靠政府之力就能完成的。真正的变革需要所有人齐心协力、众志成城，需要我们每个人各守本分，为自己，为家庭，为社会，也为其他人。

And I want to help build a more responsible society here in Britain, one where we don't just ask „what are my entitlements?‟ but „what are my responsibilities?‟.One where we don't just ask „what am I just owed?‟ but more „what can I give?‟.And a guide for that society, that those who can, should, and those who can't, we will always help。

我希望帮助不列颠建立一个更有责任心的社会。一个不是仅仅问“我们的权利是什么”而是“我们的责任是什么”的社会。我们不应该问“我应该得到什么”而是问“我能给这个社会贡献什么”。为了实现这些责任，不管是那些能够做到，应该做到和那些不能做到的人，我们会始终愿意去帮助。

I want to make sure that my government always looks after the elderly, the frail, the poorest in our country.We must take everyone through with us on some of the difficult decisions that we have ahead。

我希望确保我的政府总能照顾关心我们国家的老弱病残和最贫穷的人。我们必须让大家每个人与我们一起走过我们即将面对的困难。

Above all, it will be a government that will be built on some clear values – values of freedom, values of fairness, and values of responsibility。

最重要的是，我们将组建一个具有清晰价值观的政府。这些价值观就是自由，公平和责任。

I want us to build an economy that rewards work, I want us to build a society with stronger families and stronger communities, and I want a political system that people can trust and look up to once again。

我希望，我们会组建一个多劳多得的经济体制，一个有更强的家庭和社会责任心的社会，一个重新让民众可以期待和信任的政治体制。

This is going to be hard and difficult work.A coalition will throw up all sorts of challenges.But I believe together we can provide that strong and stable government that our country needs, based on those values – rebuilding family, rebuilding community, above all rebuilding responsibility in our country。

这将是一个艰巨的工作。联合政府将会面临各种挑战。但是，我坚信，基于这样的价值观-重建家庭，重建社会，尤其是重建我们的责任感，我们能够共同创建一个我们国家需要的强大而稳定的政府。

Those are the things that I care about, those are the things that this government will now start work on doing。

这些就是我关心的事情，这些事情也正是我们这一届政府眼下要着手处理的。

Thank you。

谢谢大家。