江苏省石庄高级中学06届高考语法(倒装句)复习教案

第一篇：江苏省石庄高级中学06届高考语法(倒装句)复习教案

江苏省石庄高级中学06届高考语法(倒装句)复习教案

倒装句高考考点再现

1.______can you expect to get a pay rise.（2001北京春季卷）A.With hard work

B．Although work hard C．Only with hard work D．Now that he works hard 2.I failed in the final examination last term and only then

the importance of studies.（2004重庆卷）A.I realized B.I had realized

C.had I realized D.did I realize 3.----I would never come to this restaurant again.The food is terrible.----______.(2004全国卷)A.Nor am I

B.Neither would I

C.same with me

D.So do I 4.____snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.（2004上海卷）

A.Not only they brought

B.Not only did they bring C.Not only brought they

D.Not only they did bring 5____about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.(2005江苏卷)A.So curious the couple was

B.So curious were the couple C.How curious the couple were

D.The couple was such curious 6.—David has made great progress recently.—_____,and _____.(2005上海卷)A.So he has;so you have

B.So he has;so have you

C.So has he;so have you

D.So has he;so you have

7.Maybe you have been to many countries,but nowhere else____such a beautiful palace.（2004年辽宁卷）

A．can you find B．you could find C．you can find D．could you find 8.______, Carolina couldn't get the door open.(05广东卷)

A.Try as she might

B.As she might try

C.She might as try

D.Might she as try 9.Never before _______ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.（2005上海卷）A.has this city been

B.this city has been C.was this city D.this city was 10._____, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.（05重庆卷）A.A quiet student as he may be

B.Quiet student as he may be C.Be a quiet student as he may

D.Quiet as he may be a student 11.In the dark forests ________, some large enough to hold several English towns.（2005辽宁卷）A．stand many lakes B．lie many lakes C．many lakes lie D．many lakes stand(key:CDBBB BAAAB B)

倒装句高考考点归纳

1.only所修饰的状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)位于句首时,谓语动词要部分倒装。（1、2题）

2.含有否定意义的副词(not until, never, hardly, seldom, little, not,neither, nor, scarcely等)位于句首时,谓语动词要部分倒装。（7、9题）

3.Not only放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装。（4题）

4.so位于句首,表示前面的内容也适用于另一人或物时;neither,nor位于句首表示另一人或物也不这样时,谓语动词要用部分倒装。（3、6题）

5.so...that...结构中表示程度的副词so位于句首时要用部分倒装。（5题）

6.为了保持句子结构平衡,或为了强调状语或表语,或使上下文紧密衔接时,谓语动词要全部倒装。（11题）7.as引导让步状语从句时,从句中表语、谓语要倒装,注意:如果从句的表语是可数名词单数,且该名词前又没有形容词修饰时,其名词前不加冠词.（8、10题）

倒装句重点知识点复习

“倒装句”主要指的是谓语语序的倒装,当然也有宾语和表语语序的倒装。将谓语的一部分提到主语之前叫部分倒装;将谓语的全部提到主语之前叫全部倒装。

一、部分倒装

部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do / does /did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。部分倒装主要有以下几种情况: 1.句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。

这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom, rarely, hardly,scarcely, no sooner, not only, in no way, at no time, few, not, no等, Not a word did I say to him.Never have I found him so happy.Little does he care about what I said.I can’t swim.Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.Hardly/Scarcely had he gone to bed when he fell asleep.即时巩固:

①Hardly ________ the airport when the plane took off.A.I had arrived at B.had I arrived C.had I reached D.I had got to ② —Have you ever seen anything like that before? —No, ________ anything like that before.A.I never have seen

B.never I have seen

C.never have I seen

D.I have seen ③She is not fond of cooking, ________ I.A.so am

B.nor am

C.neither

D.nor do(key:CCB)2.only + 状语放在句首,要部分倒装。

Only by this means is it possible to explain it.(介词短语)Only then did I realize the importance of math.(副词)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.(从句)注意:如果only后面不是状语,则不用倒装。例如:OnlyWang Ling knows this.即时巩固:

①Only in this way ________ make progress in your English.A.you

B.can you

C.you be able to

D.will you able to ②Only when the meeting was over________ go back to meet his friend.A.he could

B.he was able to

C.was he able to

D.was able to he(key:BC)3.so或so引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装。I saw the film, so did she.So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.即时巩固:

①I like sports and ________ my brother.A.so does

B.so is

C.so can

D.so likes ②The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and ________.A.so did Charlie

B.Charlie did so

C.Charlie does so

D.did Charlie so ③So loudly ________ that ________ hear her clearly.A.did she speak;could everyone

B.did she speak;everyone could C.she spoke;could everyone

D.she spoke;everyone could ④If you don’t go to his birthday party next Friday,__________.A.so do I

B.so will I

C.nor do I

D.nor will I(key:ABBD)4.“Not only + 分句,but also + 分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it.但not only...but also...连接主语时,不倒装。Not only the mother but also the children are sick.即时巩固: ________ himself wrong, but his friends were wrong.A.Not was only he

B.Not only he

C.Not only was he D.Not only was(key:C)5.Not until放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装。

Not until last week did they find the lost bike.(简单句)Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time.(复合句)即时巩固:

①Not until the early years of the 19th century ________ know what heat is.A.man did

B.man

C.didn’t man

D.did man ②Not until I began to work ________ realize how much time I had wasted.A.didn’t I

B.did I

C.I didn’t

D.I(key:DB)6.as引导的让步状语从句 Proud as these nobles are, he’s afraid to see me.Tired as he was, he kept on running.即时巩固: ________, he’s honest.A.As he is poor

B.Poor is he

C.Poor as he is

D.Poor as is he(key:C)7.在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构 Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.即时巩固: Many a time ________ swimming alone.A.the boy went

B.went the boy

C.did the boy go

D.did go the boy(key:C)8.在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were, had 和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。

Had I time(= If I had time), I would go and help you.Were I you(= If I were you), I would go abroad.Should he come(=If he should come), tell him to ring me up.9.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。May you succeed!

二、全部倒装

全部倒装有以下几种情况: 1.There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。

There stood a dog before him.There exist different opinions on this question.即时巩固: ________ a beautiful palace ________ the foot of the hill.A.There stand;at

B.There stands;under

C.Stands there;under D.There stands;at(key:D)2.“Here, There, Now, Then + come(或be等)+ 主语” 结构

说明:本句型中there是副词,应重读,强调地点。而前一句型中的there是引导词,本身没意义。如: Here comes the old lady!Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.There comes the bus.Now comes your turn.除了then引导的句子用过去式以外,其余的均用一般现在时,表示一种生动的描述。其次,如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。Here you are.There she comes.即时巩固: There ________.And here ________.A.goes the phone;she comes

B.is the phone going;is she C.does the phone go;does she come

D.the phone goes;come she(key:A)3.表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。但主语是代词时部分倒装 In came Mr White.Up went the arrow into the air.Away went the boy.即时巩固:

①Out ________, with a stick in his hand.A.did he rush

B.rushed he

C.he rushed

D.he did rush

②________ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him.A.Jumped down the robber

B.Jumped the robber down C.Down jumped the robber

D.Down the robber jumped(key:CC)4.“分词(代词/形容词)+ be + 主语”结构。如: Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Hidden behind the door were some naughty children.Such was the story he told me.Present at the meeting was Mr.Green, a headmaster.即时巩固:

①________, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits.A.Einstein was such

B.Such was Einstein C.Einstein was so D.So was Einstein ②________ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A.Gone

B.Go

C.To go

D.Going(key:BA)5.表示地点的介词短语(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house,in the middle of the room等)放在句首时,要全部倒装。

On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.In front of the classroom is a playground.They arrived at a house, in front of which sat an old man.即时巩固: Near the church ________ cottage.A.was such an old

B.had a so old

C.was such old a

D.is so an old(key:A)6.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。

Long live the People’s Republic of China!

第二篇：高考语法之倒装句复习教案与训练(有答案)

高考语法复习：倒装句教案

袁建平

教学目标：掌握倒装的基本用法

重点难点：特殊倒装的理解与固定句型倒装的记忆 教学过程：

一．倒装的概述：

英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。强调性倒装和以so, neither, nor开头的句子是高考例题的热点。

二．倒装的用法

（一）倒装句的意义

1、适应一定的语法结构的需要，主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。e.g.May I come in? Was the People’s Liberation Army founded in 1927?

2、为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放到句首，构成倒装。e.g.Never have I been late for school this term.So early did he come to school that no other students came.（二）倒装的使用情况

1、在 “there be” 结构里，there是引导词，主语在be后。

e.g.There is a box on the table.2、在疑问句中。

e.g.Is she singing in the classroom? What does your mother do?

3、在here, there等副词开头的某些句子里（要用一般现在时态）。如果主语是人称代词，主语和主要动词的词序不变。（完全倒装）

e.g.There goes the bell.Here is an apple for you.There she comes.4、重复倒装句型，用在以so, nor, neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”、“也这样”；nor, neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。

e.g.I am watching TV.So is she.My parents didn’t watch TV last night.Neither(Nor)did I.5、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。（完全倒装）

e.g.“Very well,” said the French student.“Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.” said he.6、在以never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom等否定副词开头的句子中，采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。

e.g.Little did he say at the meeting.Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.比较：I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.43

7、用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。

e.g.Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk.Only in this way can we learn English well.注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。

e.g.Only Wang Lili knows this.8、为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如 up, down, out, away, in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。（完全倒装）

e.g.Away hurried the boy.Out rushed the girl.9、在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were, had 和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。

e.g.Had I time(= If I had time), I would go and help you.Were I you(= If I were you), I would go abroad.Should he come(=If he should come), tell him to ring me up.10、as引导让步状语从句时要倒装（形容词/ 副词/ 名词/ 动词 + as + 主语 + 谓语）。e.g.Proud as they are, they are afraid to see me.Child as he is, he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词）

Hard as he worded, he made little progress.11、用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。e.g.May you succeed!Long live the People’s Republic of China!

12、So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。

So happy did he feel.Such was me.三．课堂倒装练习

1.Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.A.didn’t I realize

B.did I realize

C.I didn’t realize

D.I realized 2.Only by practising a few hours every day ____ be able to master the language.A.you can

B.can you

C.you will

D.will you 3.If you don’t go, neither ____.A.shall I

B.do I

C.I do

D.I shall 4.No sooner ____ to the station ____ the train left.A.had I got, when B.I had got, than C.had I got, than D.did I get, when 5.----Your father is very strict with you.----____.He never lets off a single mistake of ours A.So he is

B.So is he

C.He is so

D.So does he 6.____ today, he would get there by Sunday.A.Would he leave B.Was he leaving C.Were he to leave D.If he leave 7.Never in my life ____ such a thing.A.I have heard or have seen B.have I heard or seen C.I have heard or seen D.did I hear or see 8.----Here ____!Where is Xiao Liu?

----There ____.A.comes the bus, is he B.comes the bus, he is C.the bus comes, is he D.the bus comes, he is 9.____ , I will not buy it.A.Much as do I like it B.As much I like it C.Much as I like it

D.As I like it much

10.----I like football.I don’t like volleyball.----____.A.So do I

B.Neither do I C.So it is with me D.So is it with me 11._____ the expense, I _____ to Italy.A.If it were not, go

B.Were it not for, would go C.Weren't it for, will go

D.If it hadn t been, would have gone 12.So _____ in the darkness that he didn' t dare to move an inch.A.he was frightened

B.was he frightened C.frightened he was

D.frightened was he 13.—In modem times, girls like beautiful clothes.—Yes, _____ and boys.After all, our life has greatly improved.A.so do they;so do you

B.so they do;so you do C.so do they;so you do

D.so they do;so do you 14.—You have an English class every day except Sunday.---_____.A.So we have

B.So we do C.So have we

D.So do we 15.1 wonder if your wife will go to the ball.If your wife _____, so _____ mine.A.does;will

B.will;does C.will;would

D.does;do 16.Only after I read the text over again _____ its main idea.A.that I knew

B.did I knew C.1 could know

D.I did know 17.—You seem to have learned all the English words by heart.A.Sol do

B.Sodol

C.So I have

D.So have 1 18.—I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot.A.So do I

B.Neither do I C.I m the same

D.So it is with me 19.So excited _____ that he couldn't say a word.A.he seemed

B.did he seem C.was he seeming

D.he did look 20.Jimmy was so nervous not a single word _____ down in the dictation.A.he wrote

B.he was written C.did he write

D.was he written 1~5 BDACA 6~10 CBBCC 11~15 BDDBA 16~20 BADBC 四．作业（课外倒装练习）

1.Little ______ when 1 took the trip where it would lead me.A.have I known B.had I known

C.do 1 know

D.did I know 2.—Have you ever seen anything like that before? — ____.A.No, I never have seen anything like that before B.No, never I have seen anything like that before C.No, never have 1 seen anything like that before D.No, I have seen anything like that before never 3._____ , 1 would accept the invitation and go to the party.A.Were I you

B.Was I you C.Had I been you

D.Would 1 be you 4.You should work less _____.A.and neither should I B.and so should I

C.and nor should I

D.and so I should 5._____ and caught the mouse.A.Up the cat jumped B.The cat up jumped C.Up jumped the cat

D.Jumped up the cat 6.Not only _____ a promise, but also he kept it.A.did he make

B.he made C.does he make

D.has he made 7.His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years._____.45 A.So is his aunt B.So has his aunt C.So his aunt does D.So it is with his aunt 8.Not once _____ their plan.A.did they change

B.they changed C.changed they

D.they did change 9.—Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? —I don't know, and ______.A.nor don't I care

B.nor do I care C.I don't care neither D.I don't care also 10.Not until he arrived home _____ he find that this wallet had been stolen.A.did

B.would C.when

D.that 11.—This is one of the oldest trees in the world.— _____ such a big tree.A.Never I have seen B.I haven't never seen C.Never have I seen D.I have seen never 12.Nowhere else in the world _____ cheaper tailoring（裁缝业, 成衣业）than in Hong Kong.A.a tourist can find

B.can a tourist find C.a tourist will find

D.a tourist has found 13._____ succeed in doing anything.A.Only by working hard we can B.By only working hard we can C.Only we can by working hard D.Only by working hard can we 14._____ that we all went out, lying in the sun.A.So fine was the weather

B.So was the fine weather C.The weather was so fine was

D.So the weather was tine 15.____ a nice man ____ that we all believe him.A.So;did he seem

B.So;he seemed C.Such;he seemed

D.Such;did he seem 16.—You seem to be an actor.—_____.I have played many parts in a lot of films.A.So do I B.So am I C.So I do D.So I am 17.Not only ____ working hard, but also ____ very polite.A.the boy is;he is

B.is the boy;he is C.the boy is;is he

D.is the boy;is he 18._____ , he never seems able to do the work beautifully.A.Try as he does

B.As he tries

C.Try as does he D.As try he does 19.—I cannot see the picture well from here.— _____.A.Neither can t I

B.Neither I can C.I can't neither

D.Neither can I 20.— You ought to have given them some advice — _____, but who cared what I asked? A.So ought you

B.So 1 ought C.So it was

D.So I did 1~5 DCABC 6~10 ADABA 11~15 CBDAD 16~20 DBADD

第三篇：2009年高考英语语法系列复习教案---倒装句

2009年高考英语语法系列复习教案---倒装句

高考倒装句型试题：

1．____ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.A.Not only they brought B.Not only did they bring C.Not only brought they D.Not only they did bring 2．的Maybe you have been to many countries , but nowhere else _______such a beautiful palace.A．can you find B．you could find C．you can find D．could you find Key: BA 再看下面几道高考题：

1.Not until the early years of the 19th century ________ what heat is.A.man did know B.man knew C.didn't man know D.did man know

2.________for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.A.If it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not

3.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________with each other.A.they had quarreled B.they have quarreled C.have they quarreled D.had they quarreled Key:DCC

由此，我们不难看出，“倒装句”已成了历届高考考查的热点。

“倒装句”就是为了语法结构的需要或为了强调而把谓语的一部分或全部提到主语的前面。倒装句有两种：

一、部分倒装

就是把谓语中的be动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语前面。常见于下列几种情况：

1.only所修饰的副词，介词短语或状语从句放在句首时。注意：only修饰主语时，不需要倒装。

Only in this way ________to make improvement in the operating system.A.you can hope B.you did hope

C.can you hope D.did you hope

2.含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时。如：never, little, seldom, not, not only, not until, no sooner(…than), hardly(…when), rarely, scarcely, in no way等。

I finally got the work I dreamed about.Never in all my life________ so happy!

A.did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D.had I felt

Not until I began to work________how much time I had wasted.A.didn't I realize B.did I realize C.I didn't realize D.I realized

3.在so…that, such…that句型中，若把so, such引导的结构放在句首时。

So difficult________it to live in an English-speaking country that I was determined to learn English well.A.I've felt B.have I felt C.I did feel D.did I feel

4.省略了if的虚拟条件句中，把were, had或should放在句首时。

________it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to Yangpu Bridge.A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will

5.用于形容词/副词/名词/动词+as(though)引导的让步状语从句中。注意：当表语为名词时，则名词前不加任何冠词；主谓并不倒装。

________, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John.A.As long as I have traveled B.Now that I have traveled so much

C.Much as I have traveled D.As I have traveled so much

6.由however, no matter how引导的让步状语从句中，把however+形容词/副词，no matter how+形容词/副词放在句首时。

________, mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A.However late is he B.However he is late

C.However is he late D.However late he is 7.几个否定词前置的特殊句型

1)not only…but also…句型中前一个分句部分倒装，后一个分句不倒装。如：

Not only does he have to type out the answer on a computer, but he also gets the computer to translate this into sounds.2）Not until…句型中前面的从句不倒装，后面的主句应采用部分倒装。如： Not until I came back did he leave for work.Not until quite recently did I have any idea what it was like.3）No sooner…than…句型中后面的从句不倒装，前面主句应被用部分倒装。如： No sooner had Black got home than the phone rang.4）Neither…nor…句型中的句子均需部分倒装。如： Neither did I know this nor did I want to.二、全部倒装

就是把整个谓语部分放在主语之前。注意：谓语动词的数要与后面的主语保持一致。常见于下列几种情况：

1.把副词so放在句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物。

I like reading English, so does he.2.把neither, nor放在句首，表示前面的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物。

-I don't think I can walk any further.-________, let's stop here for a rest.A.Neither and I B.Neither can I C.I don't think so D.I think so

3.用于地点副词here, there,方位副词out, in, up, down及时间副词now, then等开头的句子里，以示强调。注意：主语为代词时，不能全部倒装。

There goes the bell.Look!Here they come.4.当表示地点的介词短语放句首时。注意：谓语多为be, lie, sit, stand, come, walk等不及物动词；倒装时不需要助动词。

Under the table are three white cats.5.表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语+系动词+主语”。

(1)形容词+系动词+主语

Present at the meeting was Mr.Green, a headmaster.(2)过去分词+系动词+主语

Hidden behind the door were some naughty children.(3)介词短语+系动词+主语

In front of the playground is a newly-built house.6.有时由于主语较长，谓语很短，为保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时。

They arrived at a house, in front of which sat an old man.7.在一些表示祝愿的句子里。

Long live the Communist Party of China!

第四篇：江苏省扬州市2016年高考语文一轮复习教案：小说阅读3环境含解析[范文模版]

● 复习目标 第三课 小说环境描写

1.了解小说环境描写分类及作用

2.掌握小说环境描写的常见题型及答题思路。

● 重点、难点

重点：把握小说自然环境描写和社会环境描写的作用。难点：一景三考——特点、技巧和作用。

● 设计思想

环境是人物活动的舞台，包括自然环境和社会环境。小说的环境描写跟人物的塑造与表现主旨有极其重要的关系。阅读中始终把环境、情节和人物联系起来，才能把握小说创作的真谛。

● 教学资源

《小说环境描写》教学PPT

● 教学设计 考点解读

一、把握自然环境描写的作用

小说中的自然环境包括人物活动的时间、地点、季节、天气和景物等。它的主要作用有： ①自身的、独立的审美价值。表现地域风光和文化，提示时间、季节和环境特点。

②渲染故事气氛。作者往往用生动的自然环境描写，来创造故事的特定氛围，从而增强故事的真实性。③烘托人物形象。环境是为人物活动提供场所和背景的，作者为了表现人物丰富的心境、复杂的性格，而为人物设置多种不同的自然环境，用以记录其种种行为，从而显露其性格。

④推动情节发展。情节发展与环境描写往往是相互依存、相互制约的；环境描写要以情节为依据，情节发展离不开环境描写。

⑤暗示社会环境。优秀的作者，总是通过对特定的自然环境的描写，来展示独特的世态风情，为读者提供一幅社会历史图画。所以，小说中的自然环境，一般都带有作者的感情色彩，被当作社会环境的暗示。

⑥深化作品主题。分析小说的主题，离不开对人物和情节的细致分析，也离不开对环境的认真考察。

二、把握社会环境描写的作用

社会环境描写是对人物所处的时代、社会和生活环境等的描写，包括城镇、农村、工厂、军营、机关、学校、商店等人物活动场所和地域风情、风俗习惯等社会风情的描写。

具体作用：

①交代人物活动及其成长的时代背景，揭示各种复杂的社会关系。②交代人物身份，表明人物性格。③揭示社会本质特征，深化作品主题。三、一景三考

对小说环境描写的考查，一般是就指定的环境描写(多是景物描写)，分析其特点，鉴赏其技巧，概括其作用，俗称“一景三考”。“三考”中，景物描写技巧虽同散文中的景物描写技巧一样，但在小说里一般不是考查重点，而景物特点、作用是考查重点，尤其是景物描写的作用，是重中之重。1． 如何概括景物特点或寓意

概括景物特点首先要看描写的是哪些景物，其次看这些景物有什么共同特征，要特别注意能揭示景物特点的形容词。如果没有这些词语，则需要自己选用词语概括。

至于分析景物的寓意，则要关注它所运用的手法，或隐喻，或象征，并结合小说背景和主旨准确判定其寓意。

2． 如何分析景物描写的技巧

(1)抓住特征，进行形、声、色等方面的描写。(2)调动视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉等多种感官进行描绘。(3)写景有层次，讲究观察角度。

(4)动静结合，虚实结合，正侧结合，细节描写。(5)白描和工笔。

3． 如何分析景物描写的作用(1)掌握景物描写的基本作用

①交代故事发生的时间、地点和人物活动背景；②渲染气氛，奠定基调；③暗示人物身份、地位、思想、性格，或烘托、衬托人物心理；④象征、暗示社会环境(背景、习俗、思想观念以及人与人之间的关系)；⑤暗示、铺垫或展开、推动故事情节发展(场景转换)；⑥作为情节线索，勾连故事；⑦揭示或深化主旨，增强意蕴，情景交融，营造意境。

简言之，①指向环境：交代……时间(背景)，营造……氛围，渲染……气氛。

②指向情节：推动……发展，暗示……转换，勾连……情节，为……做铺垫，为……埋下伏笔。③指向人物：暗示……思想，侧面写……性格，烘托……心理。④指向主题：表达、寄托、暗示、揭示、深化……主旨。(2)根据位置判定作用

如在开头，往往是交代故事发生的时间、地点、背景，营造氛围，渲染气氛。在中间，往往是推动情节发展，烘托气氛，衬托情感，表现心理。在结尾，往往是升华主题，照应开头。

实战演练

(2009·浙江)阅读下面的文字，完成文后题目。

魔 盒(英)大卫·洛契弗特

在一抹缠绵而又朦胧的夕照的映衬下，我四周高耸着的伦敦城的房顶和烟囱，似乎就像监狱围墙上的雉堞。从我三楼的窗户鸟瞰，景色并不令人怡然自得——庭院满目萧条，死气沉沉的秃树刺破了暮色。远处，有口钟正在铮铮报时。

这每一下钟声仿佛都在提醒我：我是初次远离家乡。这一年，我刚从爱尔兰的克尔克兰来伦敦碰运气。眼下，一阵乡愁流遍了我全身——这是一种被重负压得喘不过气来的伤心的感觉。

这是我一生中最沮丧的时刻。接着突然响起了敲门声。……

(有删节)概括第一段所写景物的特点并简析其作用。

答：________________________________________________________________________ 答案 特点：封闭压抑，阴沉死寂。

作用：营造忧伤、压抑的氛围，渲染“我”孤独、烦闷的心情。

解析 分析景物描写的特点，我们应该注意抓住描写的景物及景物的修饰语，例如文中“缠绵而又朦胧的夕照”“房顶和烟囱，似乎就像监狱围墙上的雉堞”“景色并不令人怡然自得——庭院满目萧条，死气沉沉的秃树刺破了暮色”“远处，有口钟正在铮铮报时”。分析景物描写的作用，应该结合景物的特点，从整体的氛围、人物的心理及性格、故事情节的发展等角度来分析。根据景物的特点及后文第二、三段写自己离家后的感受——沮丧、伤心，我们可以分析得知开头的景物描写营造了压抑、忧伤的氛围，渲染了自己孤独烦闷的心情。

题型总结 1． 审题

(1)审清所给文字的类别：是自然环境还是社会环境或者兼而有之，它决定了答题的基本走向。(2)审清所给文字及所在位置，尤其要把散见的写景文字找足找全。

(3)审清问法：问的是景物特点还是景物作用。尤其区别好“景物特点”与“景物描写特点”的答题方向。2． 答题

(1)既要认真阅读所给文字，更要依据所给文字在文中的不同位置回答不同的作用。

①如果所给景物文字出现在开头，那么其作用主要是给全篇“定调”，或者定下感情基调，或者定下叙述基调，使得叙述更加舒缓自然、顺理成章。另外还有营造特定的意境与渲染特定的气氛，以感染读者或主人公的作用。

②如果出现在人物出场前，那么其作用便是导引人物出场；如果置于小说的某个情节中，其作用可能是推动情节发展。

③如果置于人物的描写之中，那么其作用是揭示人物性格。

④如果景物描写作为小说的主背景，那么其作用很可能是作为一种象征。

小说的景物描写作用不是单一的，而是综合的，这要结合具体的内容进行具体分析。

(2)所给的景物描写文字一般是集中的、具体的，对于那些散见的景物描写在答题前一定要找足找全，不得遗漏。如2011年江苏卷《“这是你的战争！”》第4题探究题“自然景物叙写”包括了“雪”与“腊梅林”两项，如只找出了有关“雪”的文字进行探究，则最多也只能得一半分。(3)掌握答题模式。

①环境(景物)的特点

常见的答题模式：a.描写了……景象，b.渲染了……气氛，c.呈现出……格调。②环境描写的手法

常见的答题模式：运用了……手法，突出了(表现了)……。③环境描写的作用

常见的答题模式：a.突出(烘托、描写、交代)了……，为……活动提供了背景，与……(情节)形成对比；b.烘托(衬托、映衬)了……(思想品质、精神世界)，有助于塑造……的形象；c.引发……思想(情感)转变，推动了情节的发展。

(4)环境描写题答题很容易模式化、套路化，因而最易答得笼统、空泛。这时，特别强调答题要与文本“这一个”特定内容的分析结合起来。仅仅写“渲染氛围，烘托心情”之类的套话万万不可。

● 课堂反馈

(2013·山东)阅读下面的文字，完成文后题目。

活 着 余 华

我遇到那位名叫福贵的老人时，夏季刚刚来到。

那天午后，我走到了一棵有着茂盛叶子的树下，看到近旁田里一个老人和一头老牛。这位老人后来和我一起坐在了那棵茂盛的树下，在那个充满阳光的下午，他向我讲述了自己：

这辈子想起来也是很快就过去了，过得平平常常，我爹指望我光耀祖宗，他算是看错人了。我啊，年轻时靠着祖上留下的钱风光了一阵子，往后就越过越落魄了，可寿命长，我家里五口人一个挨着一个死去，我还活着。

孙子死后的第二年，看看自己还得活几年，我觉得牛还是要买的。牛是半个人，它能替我干活，闲下来时我也有个伴，心里闷了就和它说说话。牵着它去水边吃草，就跟拉着个孩子似的。

买牛那天，我在路过邻近一个村庄时，看见一群人要杀一头老牛，于是在众人的哄笑中把它买了回来。我左看右看都觉得它像我，就定下来叫它福贵。(编者改编)老人说着站了起来，拍拍屁股上的尘土，向池塘旁的老牛喊了一声，那牛就走到老人身旁低下了头，老人把犁扛到肩上，拉着牛的缰绳慢慢走去。

两个福贵的脚上都沾满了泥，走去时都微微晃动着身体。

老人和牛渐渐远去，我听到老人粗哑的令人感动的嗓音从远处传来，他的歌声在空旷的傍晚像风一样飘扬。

炊烟在农舍的屋顶袅袅升起，在霞光四射的空中分散后消隐了。女人吆喝孩子的声音此起彼伏，一个男人挑着粪桶从我跟前走过，扁担吱呀吱呀一路响了过去。慢慢地，田野趋向了宁静，四周出现了模糊，霞光逐渐退去。

(节选自余华《活着》，有删改)1． 请简要分析小说最后一段景物描写的作用。

答：________________________________________________________________________

(2011·浙江)阅读下面的文字，完成文后题目。

第9车厢

(俄罗斯)米哈依尔·扎多尔诺夫

我要坐15次列车从里加去列宁格勒。我买的是第2车厢的票，走近列车一看，前三节车厢根本就没有！最后，买了前三节车厢票的旅客一半被安排到了其他车厢，一半换了下一趟列车，大家一腔怒气地到了列宁格勒。

回到莫斯科后，余怒未消的我在《文学报》上发表了一篇讽刺小品。一个月后，我收到了一位基辅读者的来信。信中说：“您的遭遇与我和我妻子上次坐火车的遭遇比起来简直就不值一提。请您来一趟，肯定不会让您白跑的！”我正好有事去基辅出差，就在一个傍晚去拜访了写信人。他果然真的没让我白跑一趟。

如果说我坐的那次列车是没有前三节车厢的话，而这位读者在基辅坐的那次列车竟然挂了两节第9车厢。买了第9车厢票的乘客当然都进了前一节第9车厢，因为所有的正常人从小就知道，第8车厢后就是第9车厢，谁会想到第9车厢后还是第9车厢呢？

列车开动后，后一节第9车厢的乘务员看着空无一人的车厢，莫名其妙，于是去找了列车长：“我的车厢里一个乘客也没有！”可列车长说：“肯定是售票处又弄错了！”列车长说完，马上就通知了下一站卖第9车厢票。

列车在下一站停3分钟。买第9车厢票的人也都是一些思维正常的人，车一停稳，大家就依序跑到前一节第9车厢门口排队上车。乘务员看着这么多乘客，惊慌失措地挡在车门口说：“我这儿只有两个空铺，去找列车长吧，在第1车厢，让他把大家安排到其他车厢去，跑快点，要不车就开了！”愤怒的乘客们拎着大包小包你追我赶地朝第1车厢跑去。列车长看着这么多远远跑来的乘客一头雾水：“你们这是从哪儿来啊？”乘客们说：“从第9车厢来的……”“那个车厢早就满了……”列车长此刻没时间研究到底是怎么一回事，他需要马上把这些乘客安排好。一阵忙碌之后，乘客们终于安顿好了，他松了一口气后发出了发车 命令。

这时，后一节第9车厢的乘务员又来了，还是说：“我的车厢里一个乘客也没有。”“怎么可能呢？”这次列车长认为这个乘务员肯定是疯了。于是，列车长决定和这个乘务员一起去车厢里看看，这才发现原来是这趟列车有两节第9车厢。列车长现在终于明白是怎么回事了，他长长地松了一口气后，回到自己的包厢通知了下一站：“摘掉第9车厢！”

当时已是深夜，负责摘车厢的那些人也是一些正常人。他们数到前一节第9车厢，就把它摘了下来，拖到了备用道上，然后重新组装好列车就通知了列车长。列车长再一次松了一口气后发出了发车命令，然后回自己包厢睡觉。可后来后一节第9车厢的乘务员又找来了：“我的车厢里还是一个乘客也没有。”

我不知道这次事故后列车长是不是疯了。但给我讲故事的这个人当时和他的妻子就在前一节第9车厢里。深夜，他起来吸烟。他边吸着烟边想：“列车怎么停这么长时间啊？”随后他往窗外望了一眼，这才发现前面后面的车厢都没了踪影，就更别说车头了。四周是一片大草原，光秃秃的，一轮圆月冷冷地照在停着第9车厢的备用道上。他急忙叫醒了所有的乘客，大家连外衣都没穿就从铺位上跳了下来，猜测着到底发生了什么事，他们现在是在哪儿。

听他讲到这儿，我忍不住哈哈地笑出了声来。结果讲故事的人火了：“我一点都不觉得这有什么好笑！

我们第9车厢的这些乘客原本是打算去保加利亚旅游的！”(本文有删改)2． 赏析画线部分的景物描写。

答：________________________________________________________________________

● 课后测评

(2008·浙江)阅读下面的文字，完成文后题目。

乌 米(俄)阿·马·高尔基

乌米坐在门旁的石头上，她的身材匀称颀长，白发苍苍。她那布满细小皱纹的脸，已被太阳晒成了棕褐色。层层叠叠的石堆，年久失修的半塌的土屋，在炎热的蓝天衬托下的阿伊—佩特里山的灰色峰顶，以及在太阳照耀下寒光熠熠的大海，所有这一切在老人周围形成了一种肃穆静谧的气氛。在乌米脚下的山坡上，有一些零零落落的村舍。透过果园的绿树丛看去，它们那五颜六色的屋顶，酷似一个被打翻了的颜料箱。从山下不时传来马具的叮当声，还有潮水拍击海岸的沙沙声。偶尔还可以听到聚集在集市上咖啡馆附近的人们的喧嚷声。在这儿的山顶上是一片宁静，只有淙淙的溪水，伴随着还在六年前已经开始了的乌米的幽思漫漫的歌声。

(原文第五段)1． 指出该段中景物描写所采用的手法，并简析该段景物描写的作用。

答：________________________________________________________________________ 答案：

一、课堂反馈

1．①点出了老人的乡间生活环境；②透露出乡间的生活都顺应着自然的规律；③以此结尾，深化主题，增添了小说的意味；④照应开头，使文章结构完整。

2．①“光秃秃”的大草原、“冷冷”的圆月渲染了凄清、空旷、荒芜的氛围。②烘托了人物的无助感。③以月之“圆”显人物心情、事情结局之“残”，与结尾点明的已成泡影的旅游构成了对照。

二、课后测评

1．手法：①衬托(以动写静，以景衬人)；②分层写景，远近高低结合。

作用：①烘托出肃穆静谧的气氛，②突出乌米孤独无助的处境，③暗示人物的命运。

● PPT（见附件）

第五篇：江苏省丰县顺河中学高考复习古典诗歌鉴赏语言部分教案（本站推荐）

一、考查方向

1、品位关键词语（含义和表达作用）

2、理解关键诗句（含义、色彩、情味、效果等）

3、析诗眼、析炼字（诗眼一般是动词或形容词）

二、考查类型

（一）、炼字类

提问方式：这一联中，最生动传神的是什么字？为什么？

提问变体：某字历来为人称道，你认为它好在哪里？有什么作用？或与其他某字比较提出优劣问题。

解答分析：这种题型要求品位这些经过锤炼的字的妙处。答题时得把该字放回句中，并结合全诗意境情感来分析。

答题步骤：①解释该字在句中的含义；②展开联想和想象，把该字放入原句中描述景象或形象；③点出该字烘托了怎样的意境，或表达了怎样的感情。

1、炼动词——巧用动词可以使诗歌意象化静为动，形象生动。

一首诗，是由一些诗的意象按照一定的艺术构思组合而成的，而真正能构成鲜明的化美为媚的意象的词，主要是表动态的具象动词。动词的提炼是古诗炼字的主要内容。

王安石“春风又绿江南岸”的“绿”字，陶潜“悠然见南山”的“见”字，张先“云破月来花弄影”的“弄”字，宋祁“红杏枝头春意闹”的“闹”字，尽人皆知。一个“闹”字把诗人心头感到蓬勃的春意写出来了，一个“弄”字把诗人欣赏月下花枝在轻风中舞动的美写出来了。

在鉴赏诗歌时，我们要重点关照动词，特别是具有“多重含义”的动词。

例1：羌笛何须怨杨柳，春风不度玉门关。“怨”字明显用了拟人手法，既是曲中之情，又是吹笛人之心。

例2：感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心。“溅”、“惊”二字，不仅用字新鲜，而且增添了诗人感时恨别的内心痛苦。

例3：气蒸云梦泽，波撼岳阳城。“蒸”、“撼”具有夸张色彩。

2、炼形容词——巧用形容词可绘景摹状，化抽象为具体，变无形为有形，使人如闻其声，如见其人，如触其物，如历其境。

我国古典诗词中炼形容词，有两种情况值得特别注意，一种是形容词的重叠运用，一种是形容词的活用特别是活用作动词。例1：“雨前初见花间蕊，雨后全无叶底花。蝴蝶飞来过墙去，应疑春色在邻家”，这是王驾写的《晴景》，王安石改后两句为“蜂蝶纷纷过墙去，却疑春色在邻家”，除了易“蝴”为“蜂”，易“应”为“却”之外，炼字的关键就在于去“飞来”而改为“纷纷”，因为只有蜂忙蝶乱的侧写妙笔，才能令人动情地表现出晚春雨后特有的美景。

3、词性改变的活用词——那就是化腐朽为神奇，增强了诗词的表现力、感染力。

中国古代诗人为了炼字、炼意的需要，常常改变了诗词中某些词语的词性，这些地方，往往就是一首诗的“诗眼”或一首词的“词眼”。要详加分辨。例如：

何逊“夜雨滴空阶，晓灯暗离室”、王维“下马饮君酒”（《送别》王维）、“日色冷青松”（《过香积寺》王维、“山光悦鸟性，潭影空人心。”（《破山寺后禅院》）、王昌龄“清辉淡水木，演漾在窗户”、王安石“春风又绿江南岸”、蒋捷“流光容易把人抛，红了樱桃，绿了芭蕉”、周邦彦“风老莺雏，雨肥梅子” 我们的古人惯于活用词语，形容词，名词，都可作动词，且一作就作的鲜活生动，呼之欲出。就如“雨肥梅子”一句，又经了几场雨呢？那该是从“小雨纤纤风细细”，到“拂堤杨柳醉春烟”，到“一枝红杏出墙来”，再到“花褪残红青杏小”，最后还是在雨里丰肥。写出了动态，写出了形态，想那梅子从青青小小的羞涩，到黄黄肥肥的圆甜，那黄中晕红的丰润，怎不叫人垂涎！）以上各句中的“暗”、“饮”、“冷”、“悦”、“空”、“淡”、“绿”、“红”、“绿”、“老”、“肥”，均为形容词的使动用法，这些词语各有妙用，但有一点是共同的，那就是化腐朽为神奇，增强了诗词的表现力、感染力。

4、特殊词（板书）：在诗文中，有一些词本身与众不同，读者能很快找到它们。a.叠词：

叠词作用不外两种：增强语言的韵律感或是起强调作用。寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄惨惨戚戚。（《声声慢》李清照）b.拟声词：

有些拟声词就属于叠词，因为其出现频率很高，特单列一条。作用有一：使诗文更生动形象，使人有身临其境之感。

无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来。(《登高》杜甫)从篇法结构来讲，这首诗四联八句，句句皆对仗，对得圆浑自然，不见斧凿之痕。“无边落木”对“不尽长江”，使诗的意境显得广阔深远，“萧萧”的落叶声对“滚滚”的水势，更使人觉得气象万千。更重要的是，从这里感受到诗人韶华易逝，壮志难酬的苦痛。c.表颜色的词：

颜色一般表现心情，增强描写的色彩感和画面感，渲染气氛。

欣赏时，或抓住能表现色彩组合的字眼，体会诗歌的浓郁的画意与鲜明的节奏： “两个黄鹂鸣翠柳，一行白鹭上青天”，黄、翠、白、青四种颜色，点缀得错落有致，而且由点到线，向着无限的空间延伸，画面静中有动，富有鲜明的立体节奏感。或抓住能表现鲜明对比色彩的字眼，体会诗歌感情色彩的浓度： “流光容易把人抛，红了樱桃，绿了芭蕉。”红与绿道出了蒋捷感叹时序匆匆，春光易逝的这份儿“着色的思绪”。

就是抓住单一色彩表现的词也能体会到诗人的浓情： “记得绿罗裙，处处怜芳草。“晓来谁染霜林醉，”总是离人泪！”怜惜与伤别离的情愫尽在“绿”与“醉红”中。

例析1 ： 暮江吟 白居易

一道残阳铺水中，半江瑟瑟半江红。

可怜九月初三夜，露似真珠月似弓。问：残阳照射在江面上，诗人不说“照”而说“铺”，有什么表达效果？ 答案：这是因为太阳已经接近地平线，几乎是贴着地面照射过来的，的确像“铺”在江面上，体现出诗人用词的准确、形象；同时，用“铺”字还写出了秋天夕阳的柔和和江面的平静，给人安闲、舒适的感觉。

例析

2、周邦彦“风老莺雏，雨肥梅子”。

风已老，莺正年轻。梅子熟了，果肉鲜圆虽然是描写江南的初夏，但实在抵不了这一“老”一“肥”的诱惑，把它放到春天来了。风“老”莺雏，雨“肥”梅子。我们的古人惯于活用词语，形容词，名词，都可作动词，且一作就作的鲜活生动，呼之欲出。想那黄口雏鸟从昂首待哺的娇憨，慢慢丰了一身羽毛，再到展翅离巢，不是一天一日的时光，更待其中亲鸟的艰劳，形态种种，时日漫漫，到后来只得了一个“老”字，当真浓酽醉人。我们的思想就在“老”字中徜徉，不留神便过足了几月的时光。又一个雨“肥”梅子。又经了几场雨呢？那该是从“小雨纤纤风细细”，到“拂堤杨柳醉春烟”，到“一枝红杏出墙来”，再到“花褪残红青杏小”，最后还是在雨里丰肥。写出了动态，写出了形态，想那梅子从青青小小的羞涩。例析

3、阅读下面这首词，然后回答问题。过香积寺 王维 不知香积寺，数里入云峰。古木无人径，深山何处钟。泉声咽危石，日色冷青松。薄暮空潭曲，安禅制毒龙。

注：安禅：佛家语，指闭目静坐，不生杂念；毒龙：指世俗欲念

古人评诗时常用“诗眼”的说法，所谓“诗眼”往往是指一句诗中最精练传神的一个字，你认为这首诗第三联两句诗的“诗眼”分别是哪一个字？为什么？请结合全诗简要赏析。

答： 答：诗眼分别是“咽”、“冷”。山中的藏泉由于岸石的阻拦，发出低吟，仿佛呜咽之声，照在青松上的月色，由于山林幽暗，似乎显得阴冷。“咽”“冷”两字绘声绘色，精练传神地显示山中幽静孤寂的景象。

★诗眼，一般是动词或形容词。析诗眼就是抓诗句中最精练传神的动词或形容词品味，看其在拓深诗的意境、传达诗人情感上起的作用。炼字，指锤炼词语，指诗人经过反复琢磨，从词汇宝库中挑选出最妥切、最精确、最形象生动的词语来描摹事物或表情达意；析炼字，就是品味用得好的词语深藏的情感或品味其更为形象生动的效果。

随堂演练1 阅读下面的诗，回答问题。（5分）黄氏延绿轩[明]高启

葱葱溪树暗，靡靡江芜[注]湿。雨过晓开帘，一时放春入。[注]芜，丛生草。（1）“葱葱”、“靡靡”两个叠音词有什么作用？ 随堂演练

2、阅读下面这首词，然后回答问题。（2004年浙江省高考语文试题）菩萨蛮 李白

平林漠漠烟如织，寒山一带伤心碧。暝色入高楼，有人楼上愁。玉阶空伫立，宿鸟归飞急。何处是归程?长亭更短亭。

(1)古典诗词特别讲究炼字。请简要分析“空”字在表情达意上的作用。答 随堂演练

3、阅读下面这首宋词，然后回答问题。（8分）望江南 超然台①作 苏轼

春未老，风细柳斜斜。试上超然台上望，半壕春水一城花，烟雨暗千家。寒食②后，酒醒却咨嗟。休对故人思故国，且将新火试新茶，诗酒趁年华。〔注〕①超然台：在密州(今山东诸城)城北。当时苏轼任密州地方官。②寒食：清明前一或二日。旧俗寒食节不举火，节后举火称新火。（1）从词中的“咨嗟”、“休对”、“且将”这些词语看，你认为作者在词中要表现的是一种什么样的心情？请简要分析。答：

随堂演练

4、阅读下面一首宋诗，然后回答问题。

秋 夜 朱淑真

夜久无眠秋气清，烛花频剪欲三更。铺床凉满梧桐月，月在梧桐缺处明。此诗无一“情”字，而无处不含“情”。请从三、四句中找出最能体现诗人感情的一个字，并在对全诗整体感悟的基础上，简要分析诗人在这两句诗中是如何营造意境的。

随堂演练5 阅读下面这首唐诗，然后回答问题。(8分)新晴野望 王维

新晴原野旷，极目无氛垢注。郭门临渡头，村树连溪口。白水明田外，碧峰出山后。农月无闲人，倾家事南亩。注：尘垢：尘埃。

(1)第三联上下两句中最精炼传神的分别是哪一个字？请简要分析。

（二）、语言特色类

提问方式：这首诗歌在语言上有何特色？

提问变体：这首诗歌具有怎样的语言风格？谈谈这首诗歌的语言艺术。

解答分析：这种题型要求品味整首诗歌表现出来的语言风格，能用来答题的词一般有：清新淡雅、平淡自然、明快浅显、辞藻华丽、委婉含蓄、简洁洗练、沉郁顿挫、浑厚雄壮、多用口语、明白如话、朴实无华、华美绚丽、明白晓畅、笔调婉约„„

答题步骤：①用一二个词准确点明语言特色。②结合有关诗句具体分析这种特色。③表现了作者怎样的感情。例析：

长干曲四首（其一）崔颢 “君家何处住？妾住在横塘。”停舟暂借问，或恐是同乡。问：品评这首诗歌语言上的特色。（4分）

答：这首诗歌的的语言朴素自然，明快清新，有如民歌。“何处住，在横塘”，通过自问自答的对话形式，采用朴素的口头语言，不加雕琢，烘托出一个素朴真率的船家女形象。随堂演练

6、阅读下面这首词，然后回答问题。

黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵 李白 故人西辞黄鹤楼，烟花三月下扬州。孤帆远影碧空尽，惟见长江天际流。” 问：本诗在语言运用方面有何特色？

随堂演练

7、阅读下面这首词，然后回答问题。贾岛《寻隐者不遇》 “松下问童子，言师采药去。只在此山中，云深不知处。” 问：这首诗的语言有何特点？

随堂演练

8、阅读下面这首诗，请分析此诗 的语言特色。春 怨 金昌绪

打起黄莺儿，莫教枝上啼。啼时惊妾梦，不得到辽西。