第一篇：妈妈,我最想得到这10种礼物（范文）
妈妈，我最想得到这10种礼物
2010-09-03 09:15出处：pcbaby作者：佚名
导读：每个家长都想送给宝宝受用一生的礼物，但什么样的礼物是宝宝最喜欢的又能让他受益一生的呢？让小编带你来了解！
现今很多城市家庭的孩子，每一个孩子都会得到礼物，礼物是太多而不是太少。朋友往来、家庭旅行，乃至经常的游园遛街，随手给孩子买个礼物是太正常不过的事情。除了让孩子开心外，家长又时不时会用礼物来换取孩子的优良表现。又有时候，为了一个崭新的礼物，就平添了对孩子的束缚：比如穿上新皮鞋，不可以玩沙子，不可以去戏水，更不可以踢石子。一双小皮鞋，装亮了家长眼中孩子的脚，却未必装亮孩子眼中的世界„„
如此一来，在孩子心中，礼物已经不是他日夜盼望的东西，礼物是这么多，又那么容易得到，且又可能不好“伺候”，所以孩子对于节日和礼物的期盼，已非从前那么显著了。为了能为孩子准备一份他满意的礼物，很多家长可是煞费苦心。但孩子不温不火的反应，往往让父母的心里有一种疑惑：为什么孩子对于礼物的热情总是保持不了多久?什么样的礼物才能让孩子珍惜到永远呢?
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其实，我们往往不自觉地把礼物作为我们爱孩子的媒介，用购买礼物的价值来表现对孩子爱的程度。但是钱，只是表示我们有让孩子快乐的财务能力，并不一定能给孩子带来持久的人生快乐。其实家长并不知道，在孩子的心里，真正想要的礼物并不需要家长花高价去购买。
一些多年从事儿童教育工作的专家们，在对我国儿童的调查中得到结论：现在的孩子，心里想要的有10种礼物，而这些礼物没有一件是可以用钱买来的。妈妈们，假如你想送宝宝一份让他受益一生的礼物，那就在这里挑选一下吧！
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礼物一：爸爸妈妈的爱
对于很多家长来说，这是一件太简单的礼物。因为，没有一个家长是不爱自己的孩子的。可是，孩子们要的爱，不是家长们取代一切的疼爱，不是一切都百依百顺的溺爱，也不是一切都以孩子为中心的宠爱，更不是拼命搞智力投资的“关爱”。孩子们要家长把对他们的爱表达出来，还要家长给他们完整的爱。
临睡前送孩子一个吻，遇到困难时轻拍他们肩头的手，孩子受了委屈时一个温暖的怀抱，回家时的一句温暖的问候，还有一句“爸爸妈妈爱你”的表达。
这是我们采访数十名孩子表示出的想要的爱的方式。
专家建议：中国是一个讲究深沉含蓄的国家，长辈都不愿意表白自己对孩子的爱，可是，孩子们需要家长把爱说出来做出来。
另一方面：这些年来一直都居高不下的离婚率和家庭不和的状况，又让很多孩子失去了完整的家庭、完整的爱，作为家长，应该创造机会让孩子能尽量享受完整的爱。
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礼物二：一天的自由
找一个临睡前，向孩子宣布他可以在下一天完全自由。家长不会告诉他什么时候该干什么，也不催促他从一个补习班到下一个培训班，不把他与隔壁的小石头或小丫蛋比，就让他做想做的自己。
他可能会兴奋得睡不着觉;他可能会跑出去找上学校的同学，一起玩幼儿园时的游戏;他也可能就坐在电视机或电脑前耗掉一天„„
这些都没关系，先不要怪我们的孩子，我们先问问自己：
教过孩子几种适龄游戏?
有没有曾经严肃地和孩子探讨怎么安排学习、娱乐和生活的时间?
有没有给孩子时间教孩子怎样与人交往、怎样结交朋友?„„
一天结束后，问您的孩子感觉如何。除了像风一样的自由之外，他可能还会说出让你感动的话语。
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礼物三：尊重孩子，尊重他的个人形象也尊重他的人格
很多家长或多或少会犯这样的错误：按照自己的意愿为孩子穿衣打扮，不管孩子是不是真的喜欢自己的“设计包装”;
总爱用自己孩子的缺点去比别人家孩子的优点;
总是在别人面前说自己孩子的不好，而不当众对孩子进行表扬;
把孩子的秘密当做笑话对别人讲„„
家长们对孩子的一些良好行为通常不能给予适当而及时的称赞，而对孩子的错误，总是不分场合地过分指责和嘲笑。殊不知在这样的指责和嘲笑中孩子的自尊心受到了严重的打击，人格也受到了侵犯。
专家建议：孩子的自尊是通过父母对其尊重培养出来的。尊重意味着你必须将孩子看成是独一无二的“这一个”，允许孩子发展自己的爱好和追求。尊重他的个性，不要什么都替他做主，多对孩子伸出拇指而不是食指。给你的孩子适合他们年龄的打扮，让你的孩子独立地去从事一些事情，然后说一声：“做得好!”在外人面前，如实地夸奖自己的孩子。
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礼物四：耐心的倾听
找一个地方，或家里，或小区的水边，坐下来，跟孩子聊天，聆听孩子说说那些幼儿园学校里无聊的事，听他唠唠叨叨把这些事情都讲完，不主动去评价对错。
不要怪孩子说不出什么来，那他一定是有很多很多要表达，由于尘封多时，一时没法从小小的心眼里跑出来了。
不要觉得那些东西对错分明很无聊——我们难道没有一次让孩子听到我们那些无聊的职场“烦恼”?
作为职业打工者或者老板，我们有时候会抱怨我们花那么多的时间，赔那么多的笑脸，都为了这个孩子能过上好日子。可是孩子怎么还这么不理解我们这一番苦心，甚至这么不听话?
专家建议：其实，当我们教孩子要做这个做那个的时候，总是我们在说，我们很少给孩子时间让他把话讲完。不聆听孩子，就如不读年报就买卖股票，那真是把幸运的钥匙放在风的手上。
这样的倾听，不仅让孩子感到温暖，您还可能有一些意外的发现：如忽然发现孩子长大了，他思考和判断问题的角度吓了你一跳;忽然觉得孩子问你的问题有一些答不上来了;忽然觉得他其实很依赖你，以前的冲突都随风飘走了;如果您是个忙碌的职业人，可能还会发现孩子带来了您久违的风轻云淡„„
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礼物五：告诉孩子做人的道理
家庭教育有它的独特功能，父母对孩子未来的人生道路负有不可推卸的指路、引路责任。也就是说，父母应该从小教育孩子懂得怎样做人，这比什么都重要。
孩子成长的道路上，确实也需要家长提供一些为人处世的规则，以使其懂得凡事不能为所欲为，以及自我约束的重要性。这些教育却不能是生硬的。
教育孩子做人，不是狭义的指如何处理人际关系，而是指如何以积极向上的心态和方式对待纷繁复杂的自然和社会。
这包括如何面对成功与失败，寂寞与喧嚣;
如何体味独处与协作，感情与理智;
如何学习与思考，观察与分析，等等。
专家建议：你所规定的一切一定要让孩子理解，而且一定是正确的。对一切人和事要平等对待。
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礼物六：和爸爸妈妈一起玩游戏
调查显示：全国40%以上的孩子，和家长在一起游戏的时间平均每天不到半个小时，20%的孩子不到15分钟，另有近20%的孩子在一天之内见不着家长。
对于孩子们来说，再多的玩具，再好的保姆，再高档的幼儿园也代替不了爸爸妈妈的陪伴。
爱玩是宝宝的天性，而玩游戏的过程就是一个成长的过程。游戏是儿童学习的主要形式，因为趣味性强，游戏也成了他们最乐于接受和最有成效的学习形式。同时游戏也是幼儿教育的重要承载体，寓教于乐，应该成为家庭教育中父母对子女进行教育的主要形式。
专家建议：即使工作再忙再累，也要抽出时间来和孩子在一起尽情地玩儿，要让孩子知道他在你心目中始终是第一位的。在玩儿的时候，你一定要愉快而不是应付，让他知道你非常乐意与他在一起。
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礼物七：给孩子一个小伙伴
孩子的社会性交往，不能局限在父母、家人中，这对孩子实际是“封闭式环境”。常言道：“孩子爱孩子”，孩子需要有小伙伴，需要与同龄或略大的孩子玩耍。
和伙伴在一起孩子能学会妥协、同情和合作，还会发展出一些新技巧、兴趣、责任心等，更重要的是，孩子学会保护自己，尊重别人。
可是，没有伙伴成为现在城市孩子最大的烦恼。据观察发现，在与他人接触不多的环境里生活的幼儿，时间愈长愈孤独、愈不合群，其良好性格形成与智力发展，都会受到严重阻碍。
这对居住在独门独户、封闭式楼房中的独生子女来说，不能不引起家长重视。
专家建议：家长们可以把紧闭的房门打开，迎接孩子的伙伴，或是让孩子走到外边去接触更多的朋友。
另一方面，父母对孩子间的“冲突”要冷静分析原因，公平处理。比如孩子经过反复强化，知道打人不对，但自制力差，当又举起手要打人时，家长应表情严肃地制止：“宝宝要做什么?”两岁多的宝宝也会停住举在空中的小手，慢慢放下来，妈妈再问明情况，加以调解。有时还可以在一旁观察他们能否自行协调，如果过一会又和好或各玩各的，完全可以当没事一样不加干预。
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礼物八：和我一起养成好习惯
父母是孩子最好的老师。这句话可不是白说的。家庭教育的重要性已经经过科学的论证了。
在日常生活中，父母的一些不良习惯在不知不觉中影响着宝宝，让宝宝模仿着学会了和父母一样的坏习惯，这可是大大的不妙啊!
所以，家长们应该多多注意自己的言行习惯，在现在这个时候，这一件礼物就更显得重要。
来看一下，父母这十大坏习惯，宝宝最易模仿!
专家建议：家长的榜样作用是很重要的，首先，你要先养成一个好习惯，并时刻保持你的好习惯。这样，你才有理由要求宝宝也树立一个这样的好习惯。
否则，等你要求宝宝睡前刷牙时，他奶声奶气地问你：“爸爸，你怎么不刷?”，这时，你岂不是很尴尬?
在养成习惯方面，宝宝一开始也许会很不适应，家长要多想一些有趣的方式帮宝宝坚持下来。
例如，和宝宝进行比赛，并故意输给宝宝。如此一来，宝宝有了充分的兴趣，坚持下去就不是难题啦。
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礼物九：教孩子学会感恩
最大程度地保护孩子，莫若教他学会感恩。一个孩子学会了感恩，就像企业有了防火墙，风险将大幅度地减少或减弱。
我们经常看到见诸报端的逆子，尽管父母倾全力满足了他一时的欲望，可孩子还是对父母造成无情的伤害;
很多少年的家长更是战战兢兢，生怕一不小心就有孩子的脾气和抱怨„„青春期的叛逆是一定的吗?未见得。
青春期的叛逆相当程度来源于孩子对自己定位的一个发现——当孩子对自己的责任和他人的付出熟视无睹的时候，他就会事事以自己为中心，总觉得别人为他做得不够。
一个孩子若能真切感激父母的养育之恩，这个孩子断不会做出让父母伤心蒙羞的事来。
专家建议：与其教孩子竞争，不如教他感恩。
竞争不可能完胜，因为你的对面总是有对手，或者敌人;而感恩一辈子受用，因为你的对面总是贵人。
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礼物十：给孩子一个好“家”
家，不仅仅是一个空间的概念。孩子心仪的小朋友家可能不如我们家宽敞、亮堂、华丽。为什么?
通常的原因是他们可以在那儿很随意，通常那儿往往有个善解人意的妈妈。
以为教育学家曾经说过，和经常争吵的父母在一起的孩子，就像住在一个地震的危房中，时不时感到地动山摇，孩子的惶恐、惊吓和无助，是那些在怄气中的父母无法体会的。
而一些冷战或相互“竞争”中的家长，经常以贬低对方来显示自己对家庭和孩子的重要，即使很多是无恶意的，可不知这在孩子小小的心灵中会带来怎样的不安和迷惑。
专家建议：孩子的心是非常细腻的，父母即便不是剑拔弩张，但只是小小的一个眼神、一句话，甚至一个动作，孩子都能体会出不祥。
你可能会有这样的体会：你生闷气的时候，自觉还掩饰得挺好，孩子总会跑过来问：“妈妈你到底怎么了?”然后可能会说“这不是我做的„„”
可见当父母不高兴的时候，孩子往往首先内疚生怕自己做了错事导致家庭震荡。
给他一个好“家”，就是给他整洁的环境，给他没有冲突、相敬如宾的屋顶和空间。就像营造一个好的投资环境。
结束语：看了这么多，相信作为家长，你一定有了新的认识：爱孩子就给他真正想要的礼物;爱孩子，就让他感觉真的幸福，从现在，到明天„„
第二篇：小学作文：我最想对妈妈说的话
我最想对妈妈说的话
妈妈，明天是母亲节，我想对你说：“妈妈您辛苦了，我爱您!祝您节日快乐!”
当我遇到困难时，你会在我身边安慰我;当我生病时，你就默默地在我床前照顾我;当我失败时，你会微笑地对我说：“失败是成功之母，不要灰心，在哪里跌倒就在哪里爬起来”;当我考试成绩不理想时，你会安慰我、鼓励我，亲切地对我说：“不要灰心，再接再厉，下次考上好成绩。”
母爱就像大海，无边无际;母爱就像温暖的避风港;母爱是最永恒的;母爱就像一堵墙，为我们遮风避雨;母爱就像一座山是我永远的靠山;母爱就像一条河，在我的心中流淌。
妈妈，我想大声地对你说：“妈妈，我爱你!”我一定要好好学习，用好成绩来报答你的养育之恩。
亲爱的妈妈：
您好！我一直记得，每年5月的第二个星期天是母亲节，今年的母亲节是5月8日。在母亲节即将到来之际，我给您送上最真挚、最衷心的祝福！
妈妈，十年来您对我的养育之恩我始终铭记在心。您在生活上无微不至地疼爱我。记得有一次，我发高烧，您晚上不停地用冰块裹在毛巾里，敷在我的头上，给我降温，一夜您都没睡，第二天我看见您眼睛里全是血丝。
当我有时不想吃早饭时，您一大早就起床，不怕麻烦地给我烧我最喜欢吃的“扬州炒饭”。当我吃着您辛辛苦苦做的喷香可口的油炒饭、而您却因为上班时间紧吃不了饭时，我忍不住落下了几滴热泪。
妈妈，您在学习上耐心细致地关心我。当我奥数题不会做时，是您用笔在纸上画出分析图，手把手教我怎么做，不厌其烦，直到我搞懂为止，还让我举一反三，加深印象。
我的钢琴在二年级暑假就通过了十级，有一半的功劳是您的。当我弹琴不耐烦想放弃时，您总是提醒我，做成一件事一定要持之以恒，不怕吃苦，决不可半途而废。
现在，您那一头黑发里出现了几根白发，脸上出现了一些皱纹，手上的皮肤也粗糙了；而我在您的关爱下，长得越来越高、越来越壮了。我知道，这是您的心血养育我的结果。
今后，我一定要好好学习，天天向上，做一个对国家和社会有用的人，做一个值得让您骄傲的人，长大以后好好地报答您！
敬祝妈妈永远快乐，永远美丽！
您的xx
母亲节到了，我有很多很多话想要对妈妈说，在这里我最想对妈妈说的一句话是：妈妈，对不起！妈妈，我爱你！
当我生病时，您默默的在我身边照顾我，记得前一段时间我生病住院一个星期，高烧不停，您当时怀着弟弟快要生产了，身体也不好，医生嘱咐您让您卧床休息，您却在医院把我照顾的无微不至，可我却觉得那是你应该做 的，连句谢谢我都没说过，在这里我要给您说声:对不起！
当我遇到困难时，您会在我身边安慰我，给我出主意，想办法。当我与别人发生冲突时，您总会先批评我，还让我给他人道歉，我当时很不理解，总觉得别人才是你的孩子，现在想起来，是我不对，因为我在班里是班长，总有做的不对不好的地方。妈妈感谢您让我有很多朋友。
当我失败时，您会耐心的给我分析原因，还会微笑的对我说：“失败是成功之母，不要灰心，从哪里失败就从哪里爬起来。”在这里我想对妈妈说：妈妈我爱你！
我在书上看到这句话来形容妈妈再合适不过了。：母爱就像大海，无边无际 ；母爱就像温暖的避风港 ；母爱就像一堵墙，为我们遮风挡雨。”
妈妈我想大声对您说：妈妈，我一定好好学习，用好成绩来回报您。
我最想对妈妈说的话
妈妈，明天是母亲节，我想对你说：“妈妈您辛苦了，我爱您！祝您节日快乐！”
当我遇到困难时，你会在我身边安慰我；当我生病时，你就默默地在我床前照顾我；当我失败时，你会微笑地对我
说：“失败是成功之母，不要灰心，在哪里跌倒就在哪里爬起来”；当我考试成绩不理想时，你会安慰我、鼓励我，亲切地对我说：“不要灰心，再接再厉，下次考上好成绩。” 母爱就像大海，无边无际；母爱就像温暖的避风港；母爱是最永恒的；母爱就像一堵墙，为我们遮风避雨；母爱就像一座山是我永远的靠山；母爱就像一条河，在我的心中流淌。妈妈，我想大声地对你说：“妈妈，我爱你!”我一定要好好学习，用好成绩来报答你的养育之恩。
第三篇：小学作文：我最想对妈妈说的话
我最想对妈妈说的话
妈妈，明天是母亲节，我想对你说：“妈妈您辛苦了，我爱您!祝您节日快乐!”
当我遇到困难时，你会在我身边安慰我;当我生病时，你就默默地在我床前照顾我;当我失败时，你会微笑地对我说：“失败是成功之母，不要灰心，在哪里跌倒就在哪里爬起来”;当我考试成绩不理想时，你会安慰我、鼓励我，亲切地对我说：“不要灰心，再接再厉，下次考上好成绩。”
母爱就像大海，无边无际;母爱就像温暖的避风港;母爱是最永恒的;母爱就像一堵墙，为我们遮风避雨;母爱就像一座山是我永远的靠山;母爱就像一条河，在我的心中流淌。
妈妈，我想大声地对你说：“妈妈，我爱你!”我一定要好好学习，用好成绩来报答你的养育之恩。
第四篇：ted演讲稿我得到的最好的礼物
ted演讲稿我得到的最好的礼物
欢迎来到聘才网，以下是聘才小编为大家搜索整理的，欢迎大家阅读。
ted演讲稿 我们为什么要睡眠中文
简介：一生中，我们有三分之一的时间都在睡眠中度过。关于睡眠，你又了解多少?睡眠专家Russell Foster为我们解答为什么要睡觉，以及睡眠对健康的影响。
What I'd like to do today is talk about one of my favorite subjects, and that is the neuroscience of sleep.Now, there is a sound--(Alarm clock)--aah, it worked--a sound that is desperately, desperately familiar to most of us, and of course it's the sound of the alarm clock.And what that truly ghastly, awful sound does is stop the single most important behavioral experience that we have, and that's sleep.If you're an average sort of person, 36 percent of your life will be spent asleep, which means that if you live to 90, then 32 years will have been spent entirely asleep.Now what that 32 years is telling us is that sleep at some level is important.And yet, for most of us, we don't give sleep a second thought.We throw it away.We really just don't think about sleep.And so what I'd like to do today is change your views, change your ideas and your thoughts about sleep.And the journey that I want to take you on, we need to start by going back in time.“Enjoy the honey-heavy dew of slumber.” Any ideas who said that? Shakespeare's Julius Caesar.Yes, let me give you a few more quotes.“O sleep, O gentle sleep, nature's soft nurse, how have I frighted thee?” Shakespeare again, from--I won't say it--the Scottish play.(Laughter)From the same time: “Sleep is the golden chain that ties health and our bodies together.” Extremely prophetic, by Thomas Dekker, another Elizabethan dramatist.But if we jump forward 400 years, the tone about sleep changes somewhat.This is from Thomas Edison, from the beginning of the 20th century.“Sleep is a criminal waste of time and a heritage from our cave days.” Bang.(Laughter)And if we also jump into the 1980s, some of you may remember that Margaret Thatcher was reported to have said, “Sleep is for wimps.” And of course the infamous--what was his name?--the infamous Gordon Gekko from “Wall Street” said, “Money never sleeps.”
What do we do in the 20th century about sleep? Well, of course, we use Thomas Edison's light bulb to invade the night, and we occupied the dark, and in the process of this occupation, we've treated sleep as an illness, almost.We've treated it as an enemy.At most now, I suppose, we tolerate the need for sleep, and at worst perhaps many of us think of sleep as an illness that needs some sort of a cure.And our ignorance about sleep is really quite profound.Why is it? Why do we abandon sleep in our thoughts? Well, it's because you don't do anything much while you're asleep, it seems.You don't eat.You don't drink.And you don't have sex.Well, most of us anyway.And so therefore it's--Sorry.It's a complete waste of time, right? Wrong.Actually, sleep is an incredibly important part of our biology, and neuroscientists are beginning to explain why it's so very important.So let's move to the brain.Now, here we have a brain.This is donated by a social scientist, and they said they didn't know what it was, or indeed how to use it, so--(Laughter)Sorry.So I borrowed it.I don't think they noticed.Okay.(Laughter)
The point I'm trying to make is that when you're asleep, this thing doesn't shut down.In fact, some areas of the brain are actually more active during the sleep state than during the wake state.The other thing that's really important about sleep is that it doesn't arise from a single structure within the brain, but is to some extent a network property, and if we flip the brain on its back--I love this little bit of spinal cord here--this bit here is the hypothalamus, and right under there is a whole raft of interesting structures, not least the biological clock.The biological clock tells us when it's good to be up, when it's good to be asleep, and what that structure does is interact with a whole raft of other areas within the hypothalamus，the
lateral
hypothalamus，the ventrolateral preoptic nuclei.All of those combine, and they send projections down to the brain stem here.The brain stem then projects forward and bathes the cortex, this wonderfully wrinkly bit over here, with neurotransmitters that keep us awake and essentially provide us with our consciousness.So sleep arises from a whole raft of different interactions within the brain, and essentially, sleep is turned on and off as a result of a range of
Okay.So where have we got to? We've said that sleep is complicated and it takes 32 years of our life.But what I haven't explained is what sleep is about.So why do we sleep? And it won't surprise any of you that, of course, the scientists, we don't have a consensus.There are dozens of different ideas about why we sleep, and I'm going to outline three of those.The first is sort of the restoration idea, and it's somewhat intuitive.Essentially, all the stuff we've burned up during the day, we restore, we replace, we rebuild during the night.And indeed, as an explanation, it goes back to Aristotle, so that's, what, 2,300 years ago.It's gone in and out of fashion.It's fashionable at the moment because what's been shown is that within the brain, a whole raft of genes have been shown to be turned on only during sleep, and those genes are associated with restoration and metabolic pathways.So there's good evidence for the whole restoration hypothesis.What about energy conservation? Again, perhaps intuitive.You essentially sleep to save calories.Now, when you do the sums, though, it doesn't really pan out.If you compare an individual who has slept at night, or stayed awake and hasn't moved very much, the energy saving of sleeping is about 110 calories a night.Now, that's the equivalent of a hot dog bun.Now, I would say that a hot dog bun is kind of a meager return for such a complicated and demanding behavior as sleep.So I'm less convinced by the energy conservation idea.But the third idea I'm quite attracted to, which is brain processing and memory consolidation.What we know is that, if after you've tried to learn a task, and you sleep-deprive individuals, the ability to learn that task is smashed.It's really hugely attenuated.So sleep and memory consolidation is also very important.However, it's not just the laying down of memory and recalling it.What's turned out to be really exciting is that our ability to come up with novel solutions to complex problems is hugely enhanced by a night of sleep.In fact, it's been estimated to give us a threefold advantage.Sleeping at night enhances our creativity.And what seems to be going on is that, in the brain, those neural connections that are important, those synaptic connections that are important, are linked and strengthened, while those that are less important tend to fade away and be less important.Okay.So we've had three explanations for why we might sleep, and I think the important thing to realize is that the details will vary, and it's probable we sleep for multiple different reasons.But sleep is not an indulgence.It's not some sort of thing that we can take on board rather casually.I think that sleep was once likened to an upgrade from economy to business class, you know, the equiavlent of.It's not even an upgrade from economy to first class.The critical thing to realize is that if you don't sleep, you don't fly.Essentially, you never get there, and what's extraordinary about much of our society these days is that we are desperately sleep-deprived.So let's now look at sleep deprivation.Huge sectors of society are sleep-deprived, and let's look at our sleep-o-meter.So in the 1950s, good data suggests that most of us were getting around about eight hours of sleep a night.Nowadays, we sleep one and a half to two hours less every night, so we're in the six-and-a-half-hours-every-night
league.For teenagers, it's worse, much worse.They need nine hours for full brain performance, and many of them, on a school night, are only getting five hours of sleep.It's simply not enough.If we think about other sectors of society, the aged, if you are aged, then your ability to sleep in a single block is somewhat disrupted, and many sleep, again, less than five hours a night.Shift work.Shift work is extraordinary, perhaps 20 percent of the working population, and the body clock does not shift to the demands of working at night.It's locked onto the same light-dark cycle as the rest of us.So when the poor old shift worker is going home to try and sleep during the day, desperately tired, the body clock is saying, “Wake up.This is the time to be awake.” So the quality of sleep that you get as a night shift worker is usually very poor, again in that sort of five-hour region.And then, of course, tens of millions of people suffer from jet lag.So who here has jet lag? Well, my goodness gracious.Well, thank you very much indeed for not falling asleep, because that's what your brain is craving.One of the things that the brain does is indulge in micro-sleeps, this involuntary falling asleep, and you have essentially no control over it.Now, micro-sleeps can be sort of somewhat embarrassing, but they can also be deadly.It's been estimated that 31 percent of drivers will fall asleep at the wheel at least once in their life, and in the , the statistics are pretty good: 100,000 accidents on the freeway have been associated with tiredness, loss of vigilance, and falling asleep.A hundred thousand a year.It's extraordinary.At another level of terror, we dip into the tragic accidents at Chernobyl and indeed the space shuttle Challenger, which was so tragically lost.And in the investigations that followed those disasters, poor judgment as a result of extended shift work and loss of vigilance and tiredness was attributed to a big chunk of those disasters.So when you're tired, and you lack sleep, you have poor memory, you have poor creativity, you have increased impulsiveness, and you have overall poor judgment.But my friends, it's so much worse than that.(Laughter)
If you are a tired brain, the brain is craving things to wake it up.So drugs, stimulants.Caffeine represents the stimulant of choice across much of the Western world.Much of the day is fueled by caffeine, and if you're a really naughty tired brain, nicotine.And of course, you're fueling the waking state with these stimulants, and then of course it gets to 11 o'clock at night, and the brain says to itself, “Ah, well actually, I need to be asleep fairly shortly.What do we do about that when I'm feeling completely wired?” Well, of course, you then resort to alcohol.Now alcohol, short-term, you know, once or twice, to use to mildly sedate you, can be very useful.It can actually ease the sleep transition.But what you must be so aware of is that alcohol doesn't provide sleep, a biological mimic for sleep.It sedates you.So it actually harms some of the neural proccessing that's going on during memory consolidation and memory recall.So it's a short-term acute measure, but for goodness sake, don't become addicted to alcohol as a way of getting to sleep every night.Another connection between loss of sleep is weight gain.If you sleep around about five hours or less every night, then you have a 50 percent likelihood of being obese.What's the connection here? Well, sleep loss seems to give rise to the release of the hormone ghrelin, the hunger hormone.Ghrelin is released.It gets to the brain.The brain says, “I need carbohydrates,” and what it does is seek out carbohydrates and particularly sugars.So there's a link between tiredness and the metabolic predisposition for weight gain.Stress.Tired people are massively stressed.And one of the things of stress, of course, is loss of memory, which is what I sort of just then had a little lapse of.But stress is so much more.So if you're acutely stressed, not a great problem, but it's sustained stress associated with sleep loss that's the problem.So sustained stress leads to suppressed immunity, and so tired people tend to have higher rates of overall infection, and there's some very good studies showing that shift workers, for example, have higher rates of cancer.Increased levels of stress throw glucose into the circulation.Glucose becomes a dominant part of the vasculature and essentially you become glucose intolerant.Therefore, diabetes 2.Stress increases cardiovascular disease as a result of raising blood pressure.So there's a whole raft of things associated with sleep loss that are more than just a mildly impaired brain, which is where I think most people think that sleep loss resides.So at this point in the talk, this is a nice time to think, well, do you think on the whole I'm getting enough sleep? So a quick show of hands.Who feels that they're getting enough sleep here? Oh.Well, that's pretty impressive.Good.We'll talk more about that later, about what are your tips.So most of us, of course, ask the question, “Well, how do I know whether I'm getting enough sleep?” Well, it's not rocket science.If you need an alarm clock to get you out of bed in the morning, if you are taking a long time to get up, if you need lots of stimulants, if you're grumpy, if you're irritable, if you're told by your work colleagues that you're looking tired and irritable, chances are you are sleep-deprived.Listen to them.Listen to yourself.What do you do? Well--and this is slightly offensive--sleep for dummies: Make your bedroom a haven for sleep.The first critical thing is make it as dark as you possibly can, and also make it slightly cool.Very important.Actually, reduce your amount of light exposure at least half an hour before you go to bed.Light increases levels of alertness and will delay sleep.What's the last thing that most of us do before we go to bed? We stand in a massively lit bathroom looking into the mirror cleaning our teeth.It's the worst thing we can possibly do before we went to sleep.Turn off those mobile phones.Turn off those computers.Turn off all of those things that are also going to excite the brain.Try not to drink caffeine too late in the day, ideally not after lunch.Now, we've set about reducing light exposure before you go to bed, but light exposure in the morning is very good at setting the biological clock to the light-dark cycle.So seek out morning light.Basically, listen to yourself.Wind down.Do those sorts of things that you know are going to ease you off into the honey-heavy dew of slumber.Okay.That's some facts.What about some myths?
Teenagers are lazy.No.Poor things.They have a biological predisposition to go to bed late and get up late, so give them a break.We need eight hours of sleep a night.That's an average.Some people need more.Some people need less.And what you need to do is listen to your body.Do you need that much or do you need more? Simple as that.Old people need less sleep.Not true.The sleep demands of the aged do not go down.Essentially, sleep fragments and becomes less robust, but sleep requirements do not go down.And the fourth myth is, early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.Well that's wrong at so many different levels.(Laughter)There is no, no evidence that getting up early and going to bed early gives you more wealth at all.There's no difference in socioeconomic status.In my experience, the only difference between morning people and evening people is that those people that get up in the morning early are just horribly smug.(Laughter)(Applause)
Okay.So for the last part, the last few minutes, what I want to do is change gears and talk about some really new, breaking areas of neuroscience, which is the association between mental health, mental illness and sleep disruption.We've known for 130 years that in severe mental illness, there is always, always sleep disruption, but it's been largely ignored.In the 1970s, when people started to think about this again, they said, “Yes, well, of course you have sleep disruption in schizophrenia because they're on anti-psychotics.It's the anti-psychotics causing the sleep problems,” ignoring the fact that for a hundred years previously, sleep disruption
had
been
reported
before anti-psychotics.So what's going on? Lots of groups, several groups are studying conditions like depression, schizophrenia and bipolar, and what's going on in terms of sleep disruption.We have a big study which we published last year on schizophrenia, and the data were quite extraordinary.In those individuals with schizophrenia, much of the time, they were awake during the night phase and then they were asleep during the day.Other groups showed no 24-hour patterns whatsoever.Their sleep was absolutely smashed.And some had no ability to regulate their sleep by the light-dark cycle.They were getting up later and later and later and later each night.It was smashed.So what's going on? And the really exciting news is that mental illness and sleep are not simply associated but they are physically linked within the brain.The neural networks that predispose you to normal sleep, give you normal sleep, and those that give you normal mental health are overlapping.And what's the evidence for that? Well, genes that have been shown to be very important in the generation of normal sleep, when mutated, when changed, also predispose individuals to mental health problems.And last year, we published a study which showed that a gene that's been linked to schizophrenia, which, when mutated, also smashes the sleep.So we have evidence of a genuine mechanistic overlap between these two important systems.Other work flowed from these studies.The first was that sleep disruption actually precedes certain types of mental illness, and we've shown that in those young individuals who are at high risk of developing bipolar disorder, they already have a sleep abnormality prior to any clinical diagnosis of bipolar.The other bit of data was that sleep disruption may actually exacerbate, make worse the mental illness state.My colleague Dan Freeman has used a range of agents which have stabilized sleep and reduced levels of paranoia in those individuals by 50 percent.So what have we got? We've got, in these connections, some really exciting things.In terms of the neuroscience, by understanding the neuroscience of these two systems, we're really beginning to understand how both sleep and mental illness are generated and regulated within the brain.The second area is that if we can use sleep and sleep disruption as an early warning signal, then we have the chance of going in.If we know that these individuals are vulnerable, early intervention then becomes possible.And the third, which I think is the most exciting, is that we can think of the sleep centers within the brain as a new therapeutic target.Stabilize sleep in those individuals who are vulnerable, we can certainly make them healthier, but also alleviate some of the appalling symptoms of mental illness.So let me just finish.What I started by saying is take sleep seriously.Our attitudes toward sleep are so very different from a pre-industrial age, when we were almost wrapped in a duvet.We used to understand intuitively the importance of sleep.And this isn't some sort of crystal-waving nonsense.This is a pragmatic response to good health.If you have good sleep, it increases your concentration, attention, decision-making, creativity, social skills, health.If you get sleep, it reduces your mood changes, your stress, your levels of anger, your impulsivity, and your tendency to drink and take drugs.And we finished by saying that an understanding of the neuroscience of sleep is really informing the way we think about some of the causes of mental illness, and indeed is providing us new ways to treat these incredibly debilitating conditions.Jim Butcher, the fantasy writer, said, “Sleep is God.Go worship.” And I can only recommend that you do the same.Thank you for your attention.(Applause)
第五篇：我最想依靠就是你
我最想依靠就是你
我最想依靠的就是你您是我在学习上的老师，为我解答难题；您是我在风平浪静时的倾诉对象，为我排忧解难；您是我在急风骇浪中的救星，为我挡住一切风和雨。让我在您的精心呵护下健康、快乐、自由地成长。无论何时何地，我最想依靠的就是你——我的妈妈。——题记记得吗？虽光阴似箭，日月如梭，但一年前的事却深刻在心头。那天老师留了几道应用题，我有几道不会做。是您见我面露愁容，边坐在我身旁，与我一起在孤灯的陪伴下，伴着窗外羞涩的月姑娘以及调皮的星星，在孤灯清影下为我耐心的讲解着那道题，一遍又一遍，我都不耐烦了，可您却丝毫没有不耐烦的样子，我被您的高尚的母爱深深地打动了。妈妈，您是我的好老师。谢谢您，为我排忧解难，我最想依靠就是您。记得吗？有一次，在小学的时候，我被老师冤枉了，憋了一肚子的怨气。回家路上交通堵塞，喇叭肆虐的大声乱叫，场面混乱不堪，更使我心烦意乱。终于回到了家门口，心里烦躁的我踢开家门，冲入家中，大声喊叫，书包一摔，冲着您滔滔不绝地讲起了委屈。您听完后，笑着对着我：“我还以为发生什么大事了，害我大吃一惊。这是不可避免的，人活在世上总会有犯错误的时候，老师也不是圣人，怎么能没有过错呢？”说完您意味深长的看了一眼外面蔚蓝的天空。我霎时间明白了，其实只要学会宽容，就可以拨开乌云见太阳。妈妈，您是我的倾诉对象。谢谢您，为我指点迷津，我最想依靠的就是你。还记得吗？有一次考试，因贪玩而没有做充分准备工作的我考砸了。回到家您和爸爸知道成绩后，您不动声色的沉默着，一言不发，爸爸见您丝毫没有责备我的样子，终于忍不住了，对着我大吼：“怎么考这么点儿分？一次不如一次了。你就只会退步不会进步吗？”这时您立刻像母鸡护小鸡一样挡在了我的面前，凶巴巴地对爸爸说：“你怎么能责备她呢？她已经尽力了，她需要的是我们这些做父母的鼓励，而不是责备、批评。”爸爸被您的话堵住了嘴，无言以对，败下阵来，您温和的笑着对我说：“不要灰心，继续努力，争取下次考好，这次不行还有下一次。”我灌铅的心变成轻了，大概是因为我想通了。妈妈，您是我的救星。谢谢您，在我需要的时候挺身而出，为我遮风挡雨。妈妈，您为我在成长的路上创造一片适合我的天地，在那里我无忧无虑的成长。妈妈：“无论何时何地，我最想依靠的就是你”这是我发自肺腑的一句话。
我最想依靠的人就是你
有一种距离叫遥远，有一种情怀叫思念，有一种关爱叫无言，有一种依靠叫永远。——题记但丁曾说过：“世界上有一种美丽的声音，那便是母亲的呼唤！”妈妈，是您赋予我生命，让我从呱呱坠地成长为现在充满活力的青少年在这期间，您给我的关爱比那山高，比那海还深，可是妈妈，我还是想说：“我最想依靠的就是你。”人们常说：“母子连心”。母亲与孩子之间的感情是最真挚的，因为母爱是万爱的源泉。细数走过的秋天，我的每一步成长都离不开您的依靠。闭上眼睛，往事如烟，历历在目。妈妈，还没上学时，您常叫我“跟屁虫，”因为那时我总喜欢与您粘在一起，因为您就像烈日中的一把遮阳伞，磅礴大雨中的一件雨披，那时，我最想依靠的就是您。上小学了，您曾说过：“上学了，就要学会自立”。我记住了你的话，不再一味的做跟屁虫，而是学着做一个自立、懂事的学生。那时遇到了难题，我总会请教您，而您总是热心的帮我，帮我查阅资料，解决一个个难题。妈妈，那时的我，依靠的就是您给我的知识。上初中后，我心中便铭记了：“花盆里长不出苍松，鸟笼里飞不出雄鹰”。这是的我在学习生活中更独立自主了，遇到难题的也不能请教您了（您说有些题你根本不懂）。所以，学习方面只能靠老师和同学。然而这是，我需要的是您给我心灵的安慰。与同学闹矛盾了，发生不愉快的事，我第一个告诉的是您。而此时，我最想依靠的就是您给我的鼓励、安慰。妈妈，四季轮回，时光飞跃，我由幼稚走向成功，在您的呵护下，我对您的依靠也在渐变，昔日的我，总喜欢依偎在您的怀中撒娇；昔日的我，总喜欢跟在您的身后，做跟屁虫；昔日的我，总喜欢在遇到难题时请教您；昔日的我，„„妈妈，您如蜡烛般的光燃尽自己，却照亮了我，您的爱延伸着母爱的轨迹，而我会记住：“好女儿志在四方”而努力学习，但我却离不开您的呵护，那时因为，妈妈，我最想依靠的人就是您。
鸟儿羽毛丰满，便欲展翅高飞，不再依靠大鸟，果实已经成熟，便欲离开树头，不再依靠大树，而我，无论身在何方，长大与否，最想依靠的，始终是您，我亲爱的母亲。
劳累时，我最想依靠的就是您。当一天的学习任务全部做完时，我总是站起来，伸个懒腰，然后匆匆跑回家。在远处，早已看见家里的灯还亮着，更使我渴望回到家里。打开家门，您早早的等候着我。从厨房里端出一碗面对我说：“趁热吃吧。”我吃了一口，一股暖流流进了我的心窝，一天的劳累也抛到九霄云外。
生病时，我最想依靠的就是您。当我发烧时，无论您手头上有什么重要的事，您总是先放下不管带我去医院，帮我挂号，帮我拿药，东奔西走，累得满头大汗。回家后又要熬粥给我喝。因为您的存在，我觉得我非常幸福，却从未想过，将来的某一天，你要离我而去。
失落时，我最想依靠的就是您。当考试成绩发下来时，本来阳光灿烂的天气霎那间变得乌云密布。我拿起卷子，看着红通通的大叉，非常失落。我挪着沉重的脚步，一步一步艰难地走回家。打开家门，妈妈正好在客厅里，看见了我垂头丧气的样子，也皱起了眉头，担心发生了什么事。当我转身走进房间时，您看见了我手中白色的试卷，一把夺了过去，我还以为家里要“刮大风”时，您却安慰我：“只是粗心大意丢了点分，下次细心一点，再努力一点，准能考好的，不要伤心了。”太阳又从乌云中走了出来，光芒又洒在我的脸上。
妈妈，您的爱伴我成长。在我劳累，生病，失落的时候，我最想依靠的就是您。
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