文章结构好似人骨架 高考英语作文构思法[★]

第一篇：文章结构好似人骨架 高考英语作文构思法

文章结构好似人骨架

高考英语作文构思法

作是高考英语中令很多考生感到十分苦恼的一个题型，也是一个失分率很高的题型。很多考生在写作时面临两个主要的困境：

1、在高考时紧张的心理状态下以及短暂的构思时间中，很多考生针对题目中给出的话题可能在脑中浮现出一些观点，但仍然感到无从下手，不知道如何把这些观点按照一定的结构组织起来，使其不再是一个个的观点，而是一套观点。

2、很多考生的语言表达功底不够深，总是用过于简单化的句子甚至是中式的句子来表达自己的意思，这样导致在语言上没有亮点，甚至还有很多语法等方面的错误。

高考写作评分要求中，对20-25分这一档的文章有一条是：“应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽量使用复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。”由此可见，较为高级的语法结构是写作时的一个亮点，这也就意味着考生需要挖空心思地使用一些有一定难度的句型、短语等，以此来表现自己的英语实力。

由于篇幅的限制，本文主要讨论一下高考作文应该如何去构思。

首先大家应该了解的就是高考写作的结构。一篇文章的结构就相当于人的骨架。人的外形可以长得千奇百怪，但有一点必然是一样的，那就是每个人的骨架。有些畸形人之所以被视为畸形，就在于骨架跟正常人不一样。高考作文也同样如此，不同人写的文章在遣词造句等方面很可能是不同的，但作为一篇经典的地道的英文议论文，其结构必然是一样的。高考作文作为一篇120-150words的议论文，可以用三段十到十二句话来搞定。

在这个结构中，第一段是“引言段”，其作用在于引出文章所要讨论的话题以及全文的中心句。以2006年上海高考作文为例，其题目要求是针对自己心仪的两所大学（南方大学和北方大学），通过比较做出选择，并说明理由。这个文章，很显然，其话题（topic）就是关于选择南方大学和北方大学的事情，而中心句必然就是“我的选择”的是什么。明白了这一点，本文就很容易开头了，比如可以这么写： Whether to go to the north for college or to enter a southern university has become a practical and significant issue facing the Senior Three students in Shanghai.As for me, after some careful consideration, I have decided to stay in the south for the coming four years’ university life.这个开头一开始就提出了“到底选择哪个大学”的问题，接着又提出了自己的选择是什么。此处特别需要大家注意的是用词的多样化，注意避免重复。比如“去南方/北方读大学”这个表达在文章中没有重复过，分别使用了go to the north for college, enter a southern university, stay in the south for the coming four years’ university life.再比如2007年高考题也可以如此开头。2007年高考题目是：以“礼物”为主题写一篇文章，该文章必须包括以下内容：

1、你送礼物的对象以及所送的礼物。

2、该礼物对他（她）可能产生的影响或带来的变化。

很多考生看到这个话题的时候就想象这个题目是不是在考一个记叙文，并且在看到题目的那一瞬间就开始构思一个故事。这种思维是不正确的，会导致考生无从下手，甚至出现跑题现象。事实上，这还是一篇议论文，其中心就是分析一下“礼物对一个人的影响”。所以在文章的开头首先应该引出“礼物”这个话题，比如可以这么写：It is universally acknowledged that a good present is of great value to a person and even prone to change his or her life.(1)As for me, one of the most meaningful presents I have given to others is a watch which had been given to Tom, one of my best friends.(2)此处第（1）个句子引出了“礼物”这个话题，并且契合文章的主题，即礼物对一个人有着重要意义甚至改变一个人的生活。第（2）句话则引出了中心句，即礼物是什么，给了谁。其中，黑体字部分是比较出彩的句型或短语。

接下来要进行第二段也就是主体段落的写作。主体段一般先写一个过渡句，起到承上启下的作用（有时候过渡句也可以省略）。然后再写两个分论点，而每个分论点之后一般都有两个细节论证，细节论证可以是作为论据支撑分论点，也可以是对分论点的进一步的阐释。本文就以2007年高考作文为例解释一下主体段落的写作技巧。

在正式写作之前，首先需要列一个提纲，知道自己将要写什么。比如一块手表给一个朋友带来的影响可以有两个方面：

一、这个朋友以前没有什么时间观念，有了这块表之后他可能会更加关注时间观念，做事情更加准时。

二、这个朋友曾告诉你离开高中后很可能会十分想念高中的朋友，有了这块表，可以使他不那么孤单。

首先做一个过渡：I wish that the present will bring him a number of influences.接着写第一个论点及其细节论证：First, hopefully, with the watch, he will pay more attention to punctuality, which is an important merit of a person.In the past, diligent and warm-hearted as he was, he sometimes had no sense of time, which caused him to be late for many things and led to some trouble in work.In the future, the watch will always remind him of the time so that he will be able to do everything on time.再写第二个论点及其细节论证：What’s more, I hope this watch will bring happy memories to him in the future.He used to tell me that he might feel lonely in the future after leaving high school and entering a completely new environment.The gift will surely bring him back to the good old days we gaily spent together and make him feel better when he misses the old friends in high school.最后的总结一般用一句话即可，可以是对全文观点的归纳，也可以顺带提出自己的一个建议或者希望。但是建议或者希望的内容一定要简洁，否则就被视为跑题。

比如2007年高考作文的结尾就可以写为： I do wish that Tom will like this present, which will bring him a profound influence and motivate him to fight for a better future.另外如果文章讨论的是一些具有负面影响的问题，也可以在结尾时顺带提一下如何解决这个问题，比如关于代沟产生的原因的话题，最后结尾的时候可以一方面总结代沟之原因，另一方面说出你的建议。例如：It is the lack of communication between the parents and the children that have led to the generation gap, and it is advisable that the both generations should talk more with each other to bridge the gap.在高考写作的评分标准中，语言占了10分，内容10分，结构5分。但是事实上，掌握好结构远远超过了5分的收益。一个考生如果不懂文章应该是什么样的结构，就很可能不知道应该如何构思，不知道怎么构思，文章的内容就会不符合逻辑，甚至文不对题，导致在内容上失分，而一个内容不充实的文章，也很难在语言上出彩。这样一来，结构可谓“牵一发而动全身”，关系到整篇文章的写作。所以建议同学对结构好好研究，熟记于心。但同时要注意的是，要从本质上来把握结构的逻辑，不必死板地套用结构，只要在逻辑上讲得清楚就是一篇好文章。比如在细节论证的时候，有些同学如果使用了较长的句子，只用一个细节论证也是可以的。比如下面一篇文章从表面上看跟刚才讲的2007年高考写作略有区别，但本质上其实是一个逻辑，请大家参考。

It is universally acknowledged that a good present is of great value to a person and even prone to change his or her life.As for me, one of the most meaningful presents I have given to my friends is a watch which had accompanied me for more than three years.The watch was given to Tom, who is one of my best friends.Diligent and warm-hearted as he is, he sometimes has no sense of time, which causes him to be late for many things and leads to some trouble in work.By giving him such a watch, I hope he will pay more attention to punctuality, which will bring him more credibility in life and higher efficiency in both work and study.Besides, he used to tell me that he might feel lonely in the new environment after leaving the old friends in high school, and thus I hope that such a gift will remind him of the good old days we happily spent together and help him to feel better when he misses me.Anyway, I do wish that Tom will like this present, which hopefully will bring him good luck and motivate him to fight for a better future.

第二篇：写人--文章结构

我的语文老师

瞧，这位身穿黑华达呢中山装，戴着黑色宽边眼镜，脸上带着微笑的中年教师，他就是我们敬佩的语文老师――陈老师。陈老师知识渊博，教学经验丰富，上起课来总是那么轻松、活泼、生动、有趣。我们尤其爱听他的作文课。他讲起课来总是那么风趣、幽默，引人入胜，使我们兴趣盎然。我们在不知不觉中爱上作文，逐步懂得一点写作的“奥秘”。

“叮铃铃”，上课的铃声响了，这一节是作文课。陈老师大步跨进教室。今天他显得格外兴奋，走到讲台前，笑嘻嘻地说：“同学们，今天我特别高兴，你们知道我为什么高兴吗？”我们都咧开嘴，摇摇头。陈老师接着说：“今天早上，我到贸易市场，一元钱，买了两只老母鸡，你们说能不高兴吗？”同学们哄的一声笑了，张瑾笑得连腰也直不起来了。我想：陈老师准又在开玩笑了。哪知陈老师却一本正经地说：“真的，我从来不说假话，不信，我读给你们听。”说着，他拿起一本作文本大声念了起来。原来一个同学在作文中写他跟爸爸到贸易市场去买鸡，爸爸只付了一元钱，买到两只肥壮的大母鸡。同学们恍然大悟，陈老师在批评有的同学写作文不顾事实，胡编乱造。陈老师说：“不管你的描写多么生动，词语多么丰富，不真实的文章是没有意义的，就不是好作文。”我想，我也常犯这种毛病，如以前写秋游时，总写“春光明媚，百花争艳„„”打这以后，同学们写作文时，总要细心琢磨，深入了解，遇到不明白的问题，便问老师、家长或者查阅资料，类似的错误就大大减少了。

又是一堂作文课。今天，一向和蔼可亲的陈老师，忽然一把拉着陈俊同学拖出门外。我们都吓得大气也不敢喘一口。哪知陈老师关上门，转过身来笑眯眯地说：“同学们，大家不要紧张，现在我要考考大家的眼力。你们熟悉陈俊吗？”“熟悉！”同学们异口同声地回答。陈老师接着问大家：“你们说陈俊今天穿的是什么颜色、什么式样的衣服？脚上穿的是皮鞋，布鞋，还是跑鞋？”这一问，大家都怔住了，谁也不吭声。过了一会儿，陈老师叫陈俊走进教室，我们这才打量起来：他上身穿一件天蓝色拉链衫。下着海蓝色的裤子，脚穿一双解放球鞋。陈老师笑着对我们说：“这就叫仔细观察。”接着又讲了几个仔细观察的小故事，然后布置我们去观察校园的花园。这次我们看得更仔细了。对花圃的每种花草，从它们的颜色到形状，生活习性及生活规律，都进行深入的观察，有的还翻查有关参考书。这次作文，大家都写得较好。通过这件事，我们懂得：要仔细观察，才能写出好作文。

陈老师就是这样指导我们学习和作文的。你说，我们有这样一位优秀的语文教师，能不感到高兴吗？我们对写作怎么能不产生浓厚的兴趣呢？

可敬的中队长

“坏东西，居然在老师面前批评我”，同学们在那儿纷纷议论。这时，我也赶紧说道：“对对。”我们口中说的是谁？那就是中队长——邓荫华。

我非常讨厌他，讨厌他常在老师面前批评班上的同学，更讨厌他满副骄傲的样子。但，可是直到那天的事，让我改变了对他看法。那是什么事？听我说说吧。

记得那是星期三，老师因为有事做，所以整天都不在校，特意在前一天安排了邓荫华在语文课时管理纪律，此时，同学们议论纷纷，好象对老师的安排十分不满意，终于到了星期三，大概是在第一节语文课上课的时候，邓荫华左手提着语文书，右手拿着尺子，拍了几下桌子，便嚷起来：“拿出语文书，待会我们一起练习读书。”听了邓荫华的话后同学们都摆出一副懒洋洋的样子，好象不想“服从”他的命令。这时我心想：“真是无聊，又是读书。”此时，几个顽皮的小伙子在课室里捣乱，一会儿同学们也跟着谈起话来了。我又想：“这个中队长肯定搞不定这个班。”谁知，从不爱哭的中队长，眼睛居然变得通红通红了。看看他的眼珠，珠正在眼框里达转着，好象快要掉下来似的。他手紧抓着尺子，大喊道：“安静，老师只走开一会儿，你们就在这儿捣乱，还有，你们这些班干部全都在讲话，也不以身作则，又不好好管班„„”听到这儿，我低下了头，脸变得红彤彤的。我渐渐地抬起头，只见中队长的眼 一滴一滴地掉下来，泪珠是那样晶莹，那样透白，我的心更惭愧了。一刹那间，同学们都像被这染满真情的眼泪有所感动了，一直低下了头，然而连调皮的小辉也不作声了。

想起以前说他坏话，心里象打翻了五味瓶似的，有一种说不出的滋味。朋友们，你们是否也觉得这为中队长很可敬呢？

开头：

例1： 1.我的小伙伴可多了，其中我最喜欢铁哥们儿——凌洁。我们可是从小玩到大的，用

我妈妈的话来说，就是穿开裆裤时的朋友。

2.我有一个好朋友，他既是我的同学又是我的同桌，我们是从小一起长大的，感情非

常的深——这个人就是我们班很有名的人——张振宇。

例2：

1.“静静的深夜群星在闪耀，老师的房间彻夜明亮……”一支悠扬动听的歌飞入了我家窗口。此时，我的心情如波涛，似浪潮，久久不能平静，那是因为我想起了我们敬爱的班主任——刘老师。

第三篇：高考英语作文 信件类文章

高考英语作文预测信件类文章

1.你校在为一批来自加拿大的交流学生（exchange students）征寻为期两周的住宿家庭。假定你叫李宏，写一封信给校长申请接待加拿大交流学生。信的内容需包括：

1.说明你申请的理由

2.你家所具备的接待条件

Dear Principal，My name is Li Hong and I'm a senior three student.I have learned that our school is seeking some students' families which can offer proper two-week accommodations for exchange students from Canada.I think my family meets the requirements.In order to improve my oral English, I have been looking for the opportunity to communicate with native speakers of English.Receiving exchange students is a wonderful chance for me.My parents and I are now living in a flat with three bedrooms and two living rooms.So we have a spare room for one or two exchange students.My mother is a warn-hearted woman who likes kids very much and is quite good at cooking.We will prepare a lot of delicious traditional Chinese food for the exchange students and I'll show them my collections of stamps and coins.And we will also chat with them about the different cultures and customs of the two countries.I believe they will have a good time in my family and hope that you will give me the chance.I'd appreciate it if you could consider my application.Sincerely Yours

第四篇：高考英语句型结构题精选

高考英语句型结构题精选

高三英语教研组

2009/11/18 1.(1)_____ to the left , and you'll see the bus stop.(2)____ to the left , you'll see the bus stop.(3)____ down the radio---the baby's sleeping in the next

room.A.Turning

B.To turn

C.Turn

D.If you turn

(2)Tom's mother kept telling him that he should

work hard, ____ didn't help.A.he

B.which

C.she

D.it 8.(1)The policeman ordered that the car ___ here.(2)The policeman ordered the car ____ here.A.not to be parked

B.would be parked

C.not be parked

D.must be stopped 9.(1)___ an engineer, so he knew how to run the

machine.2.(1)____ many times, but he still couldn't understand the

question.(2)____ many times, he still couldn't understand the

question.(3)____ me the bad news, he went out of the room sadly.A.Having been told

B.Having told

C.He was told

D.Although he was told 3.(1)Whom would you rather ___ with you, Tom or Jack ?

(2)There's no bus here.We ___ there on foot.(3)---Where are your parents?

---They ___ to Shanghai.A.have to go

B.have gone

C.have go

D.have to gone 4.(1)The Party members should do all they ____ those in

trouble.(2)Abraham's mother did what she ___ him.(3)Let's go and ask for our teacher's advice.He _____ us.(4)There is a lot of air in loose snow, which ___ to keep

the cold out.A.can help

B.can to help

C.could to help

D.can't help 5.(1)Nothing could make us ___ up the hope.(2)Crusoe made a candle ___ light.A.to give

B.given

C.giving

D.give 6.(1)____, the old lady was knocked by a car.(2)____ , a car knocked the old lady down.(3)____;a car knocked the old lady down.A.While crossing the street

B.While she crossed the street

C.She crossed the street

D.Crossed the street 7.(1)Tom's mother kept telling him that he should

work hard, but ___ didn't help.(2)___ an engineer, he knew how to run the

machine.A.Being

B.As

C.Like

D.He was

(2)It was at five o'clock ____ he came to see me.(3)It is five years ____ I left school.(4)It was five years ___ he joined the army.A.when

B.that

C.before

D.since

truth.(2)Not until I had read your letter ____ the truth.A.did I learn

B.I didn't learn

C.that I learned

D.that I had learned

(2)Your eyes want ___.(3)The boy said, "I don't want ___.Let me be.(4)I want my eyes ___ this afternoon.A.examined

B.to examine

C.to be examined

D.examining

---_____.(2)The doctor asked Charlie to breathe deeply

and ____.(3)Yesterday I went to the movies, ____.A.So he did

B.so did he

C.So he did too.D.he did so

(2)Is this the house ___ my father once lived in?

(3)Is this house the one ___ my father once lived?

(4)Is this the house ___ my father once lived?

(5)Was it in this house ___ my father once lived?

A.the one

B.which

C.where

D.that

10.(1)It was five o'clock ___ he came to see me.11.(1)It was not until I had read your letter ___ the

12.(1)I want ___ your bag.13.(1)---John won the first prize in the contest.14.(1)Is this house ____ my father once lived in?

15.(1)Weather ___, we'll go and pay a visit to your

school.(2)If weather ____, we'll go and pay a visit to your

school.A.permits

B.permitted

C.permitting

D.is permitted 16.(1)____ is well-known that Antarctica is difficult

to reach.(2)_____ is well-known, Antarctica is difficult to

reach.(3)___ is well-known is that Antarctica is difficult

to reach.A.It

B.Which

C.What

D.As 17.(1)What's the way Smith thought of ___ enough

money to buy the new house?

(2)I'm thinking of ___ Tom to repair my bike.A.getting

B.to get

C.being got

D.having got 18.(1)He said in the school where he studied

Japanese ____.(2)He said in the school where he studied

Japanese

there ____.A.were 500 students

B.were not taught

C.had 500 students D.had no good Japanese teachers 19.(1)He said he would use ___ he had to get a new

car for her.(2)Have you heard __ he had to get a new car for her?

A.that

B.what

C.about

D.which 20.(1)We don't allow ___ in the office because of

the public health.(2)We don't allow anyone ___ in the office

because of the public health.A.to smoke

B.to be smoking

C.smoking

D.smoke 21.(1)My little brother enjoys nothing but ___ to

the pop music.(2)My little brother does nothing all day but ___ to

the pop music.(3)My little brother had not choice but ___ to me.A.listen

B.listens

C.to listen

D.listening 22.(1)Which do you find ___ to learn, Japanese or

English?

(2)I find ___ to learn English than Japanese.(3)Marked with numbers, the books can be found

___.A.easy

B.easier

C.more easily

D.it much easier

23.(1)___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(2)___ is no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.(3)____ is unnecessary for you to explain it to us any more.(4)____ is at least ten years since I left school.(5)Hurry up!___ is going to snow.(6)___ is no doubt that he'll come.(7)_____ is no use arguing with such a man.(8)___ is no knowing what may happen in one hundred years' time.(9)___ is going to be an English composition contest this afternoon.A.This

B.That

C.It

D.There 24.(1)No one can stop us _____ out our plan.A.carrying

B.to carry

C.from carrying

D.carried

(2)The man stopped a schoolboy ___ him the way.A.ask

B.asking

C.from asking

D.to ask

(3)Stop ___, please.Let's begin our class.A.to talk

B.talking

C.from talking

D.talk

(4)She reached the top of the hill and stopped

___ on a big rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested

B.resting

C.to rest

D.rest 25.(1)I'm sorry to have kept you ___ so long.A.waiting

B.to wait

C.waiting for

D.wait

(2)The heavy rain kept us ___ out.A.from going

B.going

C.to go

D.with going(3)Why do you keep ___ the same mistake?

A.on making

B.making

C.to make

D.make(4)Your papers must be kept ____ again later.A.to be read

B.reading

C.from reading

D.to read 26.(1)---Do you mind ___ here?

---Sorry, it isn't allowed.A.if I smoke

B.smoking

C.my smoking

D.to smoke

(2)It's very cold today.Would you mind ______

the window?

A.my closing

B.closing

C.if I close

D.to close

(3)Would you mind ___ for me for f few

minutes?

A.wait

B.your waiting

C.waiting

D.if you wait 27.(1)---Do you have any idea what Jack does all

day ?

---I know he spends at least as much time

watching TV as he ____.A.writes

B.is writing

C.does writing

D.does to write

(2)He spent the whole vacation ____ the novel.(3)You should have made good use of the time

you spent together ___ the matter.A.discuss

B.discussed

C.discussing

D.to discuss 28.(1)I know it isn't important but I can't help ___

about it.A.think

B.to think

C.thinking

D.to thinking

(2)I know it isn't important but I can't help but

____ about it.A.think

B.to think

C.thinking

D.to thinking

(3)You'd better not smoke.It can't help ___ rid

of your cold.A.get

B.to get

C.getting

D.but get

(4)I'm too busy , so I can't help ___ the room.A.to cleaning

B.cleaning

C.clean

D.to clean 29.(1)It will take the workers three times as little as

they used to ___ a bridge.(2)Bamboo can be used to ___ a bridge.A.to build

B.build

C.building

D.be built

(3)He has got used to ___ in the city after living

there for about five years.A.live

B.living

C.be living

D.be lived

(4)They used to ___ tennis, didn't they?

A.playing

B.play

C.played

D.be playing 30.(1)We are looking forward to ___ from you soon.A.hear

B.be hearing

C.hearing

D.be heard

(2)The day we were looking forward to ____ at

last.A.come

B.coming

C.is coming

D.came 31.(1)Would you be so kind ____to help me with

my English?

(2)Would you be kind ___ to help me with my

English?

A.as

B.enough

C./

D.so

32.(1)---____ do you like the book ?

---It's quite different from the one I read last

week.(2)---___ do you like about China?

---The people and the food.(3)____ do you think of the film we saw last

night?

(4)____ do you find our visit to Qingdao ?

A.How

B.What

C.Which

D.When 33.(1)I prefer to watch TV at home rather than ___

to the movies.(2)I prefer watching TV at home to ___ to the

movies.(3)I'd like watch TV at home instead of ___ to

the movies.A.go

B.going

C.to go

D.to going

(4)I don't want to go to movies.___, I want to

watch TV at home.A.Instead of

B.Rather than

C.Instead

D.Rather 34.(1)The box is ___ heavy that

I can't lift it.(2)The box is ___ heavy for me to lift.(3)The box is not light ___ for me to lift.A.very

B.so

C.too

D.enough 35.(1)____ does this dictionary cost?

(2)____ is the price of this dictionary?

(3)____ is the dictionary worth?

(4)____ is the dictionary?

A.What

B.How much

C.How

D.How many 答案:

1.C、A和D、C 2.C、A和D、B 3.C、A、B 4.B、C、A、A

5.D、A

6.A和B、B、B

7.D、B

8.C、A和C、9.D、A和B

10.A、B、D、C

11.C、A

12.B、C和D、C、A和C 13.A、A和D、B 14.A、B和D、C、C、D 15.C、A

16.A、D、C

17.B、A

18.B、A 19.B、A 20.C、A

21.D、A、C

22.B、D、C 23.C、D、C、C、C、D、C和D、D、D 24.A和C、D、B、C

25.A、A、A和B、A 26.A和C、A和B和C、C

27.C、C、D 28.C、A、A、C

29.A、B、B、B

30.C、D

31.A、B

32.A、B、B、A 33.A、B、C、C

34.B、C、D

35.A和B、A、B、B

第五篇：关于高考的英语辩论文章

THW:This house would THS:This house supports THTB:This house believe that我院认为。。（作为首相）我们的议案是：。。(是英国议会制辩论中的用语缩写)1.China should abolish GaoKao

高考这个名词在中国大陆、台湾与香港两岸三地有截然不同的意义。在中国大陆，高考是全国普通高等学校招生入学考试的简称，分有普通高考和成人高考。它是考生进入大学和选择大学资格的标准，是中华人民共和国的国家考试之一。在台湾地区，高考则被理解为当地公务人员高等考试；决定学生能够进入大学就读的资格考试称为大学入学指定科目考试。在香港特别行政区，高考则是香港高级程度会考。此外，美国的SAT推理测试有时会被俗称为“美国高考”。(注：本条目内容指中国大陆地区的普通高考。)

中国大陆的全国普通高等学校招生入学考试（高考），分有普通高考和成人高考。它是考生进入大学和选择大学资格的标准，是中华人民共和国的国家考试之一。通常所说的高考是普通高考。

1949年之前，包括大陆和台湾在内，中国各所大学招生考试的时间由学校决定，并不是同时举行，学生可以根据自己的实力和时间安排去不同的大学进行多次高考。现在，在中国大陆大部分地区，高考每年只举行一次，2003年以前在7月举行，2003年开始改为每年6月举行。近年来部分省市每年举行两次高考，多增加的一次在1月举行，但因为遭到学校和学生的冷遇，所谓的春季高考正逐渐取消。高考试题并不是全国统一的。北京和上海独立命题（北京的理科综合考试在2001~2003年采用全国卷，即和全国统一考试的理科综合试题是相同的，从2004年起改为独立命题），广东和河南使用一套相同的试题，其他地区使用国家统一命题。但是除北京和上海以外的试卷试题基本上是一样的。高考以省为单位。但是，在2004年扩大分省组织高考命题的范围，增加重庆、天津、辽宁、江苏、浙江、福建、湖北、湖南、广东9个省市单独命题。在2006年达到16个省市单独命题，有：北京，上海，天津，福建，重庆，湖南，湖北，浙江，辽宁，山东，江西，安徽，广东，江苏、四川、陕西。由于高考具有相当的权威性，同时更是担心如若以其他方式招生将可能会引发腐败等问题，所以所有大学都根据高考分数录取学生。因此很多中国大陆人把高考认为是决定人生的关键。但是由于高考一考定终生制度的种种缺陷，现在已经有部分大学开始试行“自主招生”。

因为高考是关乎全国百万考生的大事。即使在北京，每年也有十几万的考生都将因此改变人生的轨迹。我们总能听到反对高考的呼声，对于高考，在那些反派人的眼里，就是旧时的八股文，是害人的制度。但其实很简单都可以反驳倒这些声音，不高考，怎么考？高考可以取消，但选拔人才总要有一定的模式和方法。我听过很多人说，如果中国能够像美国一样，把素质教育推行的很完善，不用让孩子都对高考如临大敌就好了。而事实上，中国若是中国，你的孩子还可能坐在高中的课堂上，换做美国，你想让他接受高等教育，没有资本是根本不可能的事情。在美国，凡是要进好的学校，必须满足两个标准，1学习好，2家庭好。中国学校，从小学到大学，从最普通的义务教育到高等教育，无一不是仰仗政府财力。美国也有国立高中和大学，但是与中国不同的是，在美国，国立的学校，基本上都是最差的（中国正相反）。这还只是其一。如果没有完善的体制，素质教育无疑是鸡肋，中国教育近年来一直在力争做好素质教育，但结果都有目共睹，减负越减越负。幸好素质教育没有殃及高考，不然你可以想象，优秀素质的代价就是金钱，钱换分，权换分，舞弊的现象一定会发生。小时候就有为了‘拾金不昧奖’把自己物品上交的同学，如果素质高考，那么结果就是更大的不公平。

很多没有机会参加高考或者参加了高考失利甚至屡次失利的人，都会抱怨高考的不公平性，觉得高考不能够真正选拔出好的人才。可我认为，什么制度其实不重要，重要的是你是否努力。不可否认的是，高考是一个相对公平的擂台，白岩松曾经说过：“我说不准高考是好是坏，但是我知道如果不是高考，我不会从一个偏远小村来到北京，有现在这样的成绩。”高考给了所以人一次相对公平竞争的机会。你知道统一的规则，你知道你的付出可以得到回报。我其实对改变制度没有意见，因为我知道，无论是什么制度，你努力都不会错。相反，那些抱怨高考的人，在生活中，无论在怎样的竞争平台里，往往都不能做到最好，往往都不够努力。道理很简单，即使在原始社会，暴力为王的时代，你不努力使自己强壮，也会是个失败者。制度只是平台，强者要么改变它，要么适应它。只有弱者在抱怨。

高考很苦很累，但是经历了高考的人，都会对自己的这份回忆倍感珍惜。几十个孩子，为了共同的目标，一起努力，长达一年。无论寒日还是酷暑。这对人的意志是很大的历练，所以直到现在，我总觉得，以后再遇到什么难的事情，我都可以面对。

对于高考的内容，很多人说我们高中学的东西太没用了，尤其是像我这样的理科生，物理化学当年学的那么苦，现在早忘了。我也对此不解过。但我觉得，高中的学习，锻炼的是一种学习能力和思维方式，你认认真真地学过三年，以后再面对什么学问，都不会觉得难以启迪。

当然，高考以及中国的教育制度的确有很多不妥之处，还有待改善，但是我相信，没有一种制度可以尽善尽美，适合所有人，所以我希望所有质疑高考的人都能够明白。在中国，在这样一个人口实在众多的国家，选择人才的方式是很难有好的标准的。高考制度，起码给了所有人一次机会。无论你年轻或者年迈，无论你出身贫寒或者显赫，在这个相对公平的擂台上，你至少可以一试身手。

虽然都知道不适合，但冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。教育制度在改革，但很慢。不管怎么说在最初恢复高考时还是为社会培养了很多人才，最近这些年一直受到诟病，成绩好且有条件的基本都选择不参加高考直接留学，因为在国内真的很再难培育大师级人物了。现在的教育太功利、政治化。

至于这个制度是否合理，答案已经是否定的，否则没必要整天在喊“高考制度改革”。不过高考制度的不合理性还可以反证：倘若爱因斯坦来参加我们的高考，那是注定要落榜的。不见他的中学老师已经下过定论：“你是我见过的最没出息的学生”的吗？不仅这个科学泰斗，中国著名的历史学家吴晗，文学大师钱钟书，高考时不都在数理科目考试中折戟沉沙的么？毛泽东也不会例外，他自己说数学从来不及格。倘若如今高考中有哪位考生数学物理不及格却被录取，那一定会成为腐败的案例。

(中国日报中关于高考的报道信息http://search.chinadaily.com.cn/all_en.jsp?searchText=gaokao)

According to a survey recently,there has been a declining number of students taking the college entrance exam in the past few years,with some provinces registering a substantial 10% drop.This phenomenon has attracted wide public concern.Many people believe the declining candidate number is a good thing,which reflects changes in people's attitude towards the exam.They argue that a higher education can't promise a satisfactory job or a decent income.Instead,young people should make choices based on their interests and dreams rather than spend several years and a lot of money learning basic theories in the ivory tower.However,there are different voices.Opponents believe that the declining exam candidate number can be a warning.Students who give up higher education may lack insights into life.Without a diploma,their work opportunities are bound to be limited in this highly competitive society.Besides,the sharp drop in the number of candidates will bring many negative impacts on our country's future development.Personally,I am pleased to see that the craze for college entrance exam has cooled down.Students are rational enough to choose their own way of living, which will certainly ease the current huge employment pressure.After all, universities are not the only incubator of talents in modern society.（（翻译见下文））This year 9.15 million students will sit the national college entrance exam, or gaokao, on Thursday and Friday, with an expected average admission rate of 75 percent, the Ministry of Education said.According to the ministry, the number of national exam participants has fallen 2 percent from last year, while the admission rate has increased 3 percentage points.Only 12 provinces saw a surge in the number of students taking the gaokao this year, as the nation's colleges plan to enroll 6.85 million students, 100,000 more than 2011.In fact, the drop in exam participants and the rising admission rate have been trends since 2008, when the number of participants was 10.5 million and the admission rate was 57 percent.The falling number of gaokao participants is in line with the decline in the number of people under 18, but studying overseas is also regarded as a reason.This year Shanghai only has about 55,000 exam takers, making it the sixth consecutive year of decline.Last year, about 61,000 students took the exam in Shanghai, but the city had nearly 97,000 high-school graduates.Similarly, Beijing had 76,000 students participating in the exam last year out of more than 126,000 graduates.This year the number of exam takers is 73,460.Meanwhile, rural students are experiencing an increasingly fierce struggle to enter better domestic universities, as the very top schools are skewed toward city residents.“We can hardly find anyone here with a rural household registration,” said Pan Wei, a professor at Peking University.To ease the inequality in education, the ministry has issued a new policy this year to open the door of prestigious colleges to poverty-stricken students.This year a new project was launched to increase admission quotas by 12,100 for students from 680 poverty-stricken counties across China.With the project, students in those regions will have a 10-percent higher chance of enrolling in a key university, according to the ministry.今年915万名学生将坐全国高考周四和周五,预计平均入学率为75%,教育部说。

教育部说,许多国家的考试参加者较去年下降2%,而入学率增加了。

只有12个省份看到数量猛增,学生参加今年高考,因为这个国家的大学计划招收685万名学生,100000年超过2011。

事实上考试的下降以及不断上升的参与者入学率一直趋势自2008年以来,当参与者的数量是1050万岁,入学率为57%。

高考参与者数目的减少是符合人数的下降18岁以下人群,但海外求学也被认为是一个原因。

今年上海只有约55000的考生,成为连续第6年下降。去年,约61000名学生参加了考试,在上海,但这座城市有近97000名高中毕业生。

同样,北京有76000个学生参加考试去年超过126000名毕业生。今年的考生的数量是73460。

与此同时,农村的学生正在经历一个日益激烈的斗争进入更好的国内大学,作为最顶尖的学校正在向城市居民倾斜。

“我们几乎找不到任何人在这里是农村户口,”潘维表示,北京大学教授。

为了减轻教育不平等的,商务部颁布了一项新的政策今年开门名牌大学的贫困学生。

今年的一个新的计划旨在增加入学配额从680年到12100年的学生在中国穷县政府。

与项目,学生在这些地区将会有多10%的机会在一所重点大学录取,据该部。

“即使像我这样的一些农村的学生有机会参加一个一流的大学,我们仍然拥有一个小城市的学生有机会成功。”,一Hongyong,21岁,一个四年级大学生在北京一个贫穷的家庭在山西。

“小学教育在农村地区教我们如何得到一个小除了高的分数,在高考,我们甚至无法用电脑当我们进入大学,和这么能力在找工作,”一个说。

“然而,如果我们只是回家像政策意味着,我们所了解的大学只会被浪费。带我为例,我学会了电子科学,但很少有电子植物在我的家乡,山西省大同市省,所以它将浪费我的四年如果我那里找个工作。”

他计划或者呆在北京还是天津毕业后。但是有一个更好的机会在就业市场上,他决定再花三年研究生院。

“如果政府真的想改变不平等的教育,但还有很多的工作要做在提高初级教育在农村地区。”

Once again, it's time for gaokao.For most Chinese students, this annual examination will decide which college they can get into and what job they can find after graduation.It may even decide their future.No wonder they put so much effort into it.Many students fight with the clock in preparation for the exam.If they don't succeed, some choose to study for anther year and take the exam again, and some even persist for many years.Their resolution and persistence to realize dreams are admirable.But would it not be better if there were more than one path to success?

再一次,它的时间准备高考。对于大多数中国学生,这个考试将决定他们能进入一所大学,他们能找到什么工作毕业后。它甚至可能决定他们的未来。难怪他们投入了很多精力。

许多学生与打击时钟在准备考试。如果他们不成功,有些人选择了另一年的研究和参加考试了,有些人甚至持续许多年。

他们的决议和持久性实现梦想是令人钦佩的。但这不是更好如果有不止一个成功之路?