第一篇：平行结构的作文
三水并流。除开头结尾之外用三四个大的段落作为文章的主体部分，围绕一个主题将几件事或某件事的几个侧面并列或交错展开，这种横向并列式的结构方法，就是“三江并流法”。注意：“三水”或者来自同一个源头，或者汇向同一个大流，或者中间交叉相会。我们熟知的《谁是最可爱的人》就是这种方法运用的代表作。
范文：
点滴真情令我感动
使我感动的事很多，可我并不为一件漂亮衣服而感动，不为优越的生活条件而感动，不为金钱而感动，不为美丽的外表而感动，唯有那点滴真情令我感动。它清澈，没有一丝杂尘;它亲切，没有一点虚假;它纯洁，没有一点自私„„
一缕白发令我感动
一天，妈妈下班回来说她头很痛，让我给她按摩按摩，突然间，我发现妈妈的头发上出现一缕了白发。妈妈，是不是我讲话态度不好让您生气;是不是我的任性让您费心;是不是我的考试成绩不好让您寒心，您才刚过不惑之年„„想到这里，我的眼眶已承载不了泪水，泪一滴一滴掉在母亲的头发上。妈妈，您为家庭而辛苦，为生活而劳心，为照顾好我们，您操碎了心。妈妈，我一定不辜负您，一定不让您失望。您无私，您善良，您付出的太多了，不懂事的我，怎么今天才发现您的白发?从那天起我才真正读懂了什么是“感动”。
关心的话语令我感动
“你的感冒好了没有，一定要每天坚持喝药，千万别影响了学习。”“回家的路上要小心，下雨了路滑。”‘‘;考试准备的怎么样?’’„„这些语言凝聚老师对我们的爱，它尤如一片温暖的阳光洒在身上;它就如一把伞为我着风当雨;它就如失望时一句鼓励的话，使我重新拥有自信。老师对我们无微不至的关爱使我们日见渐成熟，老师对我们的淳淳教导使我们更加努力。朋友的真情令我感动
友情是天空，包容天地间的万物;友情是氧气，孕育朋友间真切的的友谊;友情是阳光照耀着友谊，使友谊之花开地更加灿烂。和朋友在一起，能够感到温馨;和朋友在一起，能感到幸福;和朋友在一起，能感到心心相通。一天放学，我的腿很疼，回家的路上，她一直关心地问我怎么样。她说的一字一句都让我感动„„心情不好时，她安慰我，成绩不好时，她鼓励我，遇到难题时，她帮助我，我们向着同样的目标，同样的梦想共同努力，互相勉励。友情是连接心与心的桥梁，是人与人和谐相处的润滑剂，它让你和你的朋友更亲近，也让世界更加美好。
点点滴滴的真情令我感动万分，它纯洁，它真切，它无私。平平凡凡的真情让我读懂了人生这本书，真正体会到了真情的可贵，正是这些真情使我明白了人生的真谛，让我更加奋进。
我心中的和谐世界
和谐创造美丽，和谐创造奇迹。
——题记
我心中的和谐世界是美丽的，是多彩的。
(一)和谐自然
在和谐的自然中，有“天街小雨润如酥，草色遥看近却无”的春天;有“接天莲叶无穷碧，映日荷花别样红”的夏;有“停车坐爱枫林晚，霜叶红于二月花”的秋;也有“忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开”的冬。四面竹树环抱的小石潭，好似西施的西湖，长河落日圆的大漠，飞流直下三千尺的瀑布也尽在其中。这里没有浓烟滚滚的工厂，有的只是湛蓝如洗的天空;这里没有一望无际的白色污染，有的只是宽广无垠的林海，这里没有臭气熏天的恶臭，有的只是野花小草的阵阵香。
蓝的天，白的云，绿的山，清的水，这就是我心中和谐自然!
(二)和谐的人间
在和谐的人间中，人们都能自由而全面的发展，不再为房子、车子、票子、职位而奔走劳累，于是人间少了些丑恶，多了些美丽;少了些低俗，多了些崇高;少了些虚伪，多了些真情;少了些歧视，多了些欣赏;少了些自私，多了些奉献。这时人们都以心换心，真诚去与他人交往，真正实现了“一方有难，八方来助”，于是有了许多雷锋式的好战士，牛玉儒式的好公仆，洪战辉式的好青年。
真、善、美，这就是我心中的和谐人间!
(三)和谐相处
在和谐相处的社会中，人与自然能够和谐相处，其乐融融。没有了污染环境现象，没有了乱砍滥伐现象，没有了捕杀动物的现象，有的只是一片欣欣向荣的景象。
人口、资源、环境协调发展，这就是我心中和谐相处的社会。
和谐创造美丽，和谐创造奇迹，拥有和谐一切皆有可能。
和谐自然、和谐人间、和谐相处的社会，共同组成一个和谐世界!
这就是我心中和谐世界!如果有机会能与你倾心交谈，我愿用心表述：愿永远与你为伴!
和你在一起
清风，海浪，万里天空
失意，郁闷时，无处倾诉，你逢时来到，与我交谈：同样是忧愁，古人却在此基础上大笔自挥，涌下千古绝句：“杨柳岸，晓风残月”使杨柳永心中的忧与愁淋漓尽致的倾洒，却又在无毅间勾画一份残缺的完美;同样是受挫，古人却也可笔锋一转，尽显不灭雄心：“长分破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海”李白心中的豪情;同样是竞争，古人却能面对古稀之躯感慨：“日月之后若出其中，星汉灿烂若出其里”的曹操又拥有何抱负!
和你在一起，我诵诗，体味其中的睿智。
思念，心愿，千万心声
无论何时，与你在一起，体验便会如潮水涌来。你告诉我面对思念，李清照吟出了：“莫道不消魂，帘卷西风，人比黄花瘦”。是何等的让人心生忧意;你告诉我，面对壮志难酬，辛弃疾吟出了：“醉里挑灯看剑，梦回吹角连营”。是何等深长的扳图之心;你告诉我，面对有情人天各一方，无法永守，苏轼吟出了：“但愿人长久，千里共婵娟”。是何等的美好祝愿!你还告诉我面对思乡念家的边军壮士，范仲淹吟出了：“浊酒一杯家万里，燕然未勒归无计”。是何等的奉献精神与伟大毅力!
智慧，博学，严守纪律
当我开始学会深思时，你向我讲述起屹立与中国古史的伟人事迹。我开始悟出诗圣杜甫笔下那位：“三顾濒烦天下计，两朝开济老臣心。出使未捷身必死，长使英雄泪满襟”，的英雄-------诸葛亮的生平。她“未出草庐便能三分天下”。感刘备殊礼相待与他共扶汗室基业。一把羽扇，一件道袍，截得东风，大烧赤壁，尽显他过人智慧;为劝孙权连合刘备共同抗曹，只身入吴舌战群儒，使他的满腹博学得以发挥;马稷失职，丢失街亭，虽是昔日部将，他仍是含泪举刀，取其首级，留下了“挥泪斩马稷”的千古佳话，使他的“严于律己，赏罚分明”为世人所称颂。
和你在一起，我读史，体味其中的万古佳话与千年古训。
初次与你接触，我便喜欢上了你，你的大气，你的磅礴，你的清爽，你的婉约，包括你的衰怨情愁，你的壮志凌云!如果让我选择，我会好不犹豫的决定：书，我愿用一生时间伴陪你，永远和你在一起!
影响
一日同窗便是缘。而同窗三载，又一直与我同桌从未改变，这可是多深的缘呵。
都说光阴似水，似水般匆匆的光阴里有他笑意盎然也便足够阳光。
他--我的同桌，在这三年中无时无刻不在影响着我，使我得以拥有如今的自信和笑脸。
相识
九月，从来都是混杂着初秋的惆怅和夏末的余温。既有眷恋与忐忑不安，又有欢乐与不己的兴奋。
一开始，没有一拍即合或者热火朝天。我们只是按班主任的安排坐到一起。我沉浸在与旧友重逢的欣喜中，对他只有显得拘谨又简单的自我介绍。
而他也只是安静的坐着，礼礼貌貌，低调得很。
我尚不知道他的“传奇”，只是那工整认真的、一丝不苟的作业着实让我既惊诧又敬佩。
相知
他的光芒在随后的日子里一点点的绽放。
我以前从来都不会想到，其貌不扬的同桌竟如此的优秀--敏捷的思维，优美的文笔。既有在演讲台前的慷慨激昂，又有在运动会上的奋力拼杀。
我被震撼到了，除了心服口服别无他法，内心也生出了一点点斗志：他可以，为什么我就不可以?
于是我不再每日晃晃悠悠无所事事，也学会他在语文课上大声朗读，或者在历史课上奋笔疾书。
除此之外，影响我的还有他的笑。
熟悉之后，我发现他竟然也是如此悠闲风趣的家伙。他懂得从哪里找快乐，或者自己制造快乐，处得久了，这快乐自然也就传染给了我。
原来我也能学会认真和自信。
相敬
和我同桌的他一天天变得更加厉害，与他同桌的我也一日日地成长蜕变。我们早已熟悉彼此的一举一动。有时候我会觉得自己都与他相似起来。
他说：“我觉得你真是最好的同桌。”我回应说觉得他也是。
或许因为我们影响了彼此吧?至少，因有他做同桌，我才不致于沉迷其他甚至荒废学业。
他总有些时候让我知道，怎样做正确的事，应该做什么来改变。
他--无疑是在这满是繁花的青春岁月里，对我影响最大的一个人。
第二篇：写作方法之平行结构
大学英语四级写作方法：语态的隐含意义
Parallel Structure
平行结构
相似的思想应用相似的形式表达出来。句子的成份相近，则也应以相似的形式出现。请注意以下标有“NO”的句子是不规范的。
No: The school bus skidded, turned sideways, then comes to a stop.Yes: The school bus skidded, turned sideways, and came to a stop.(并列时态)
No: I don’t know why I married someone who is miserly, sloppy and a bore.Yes: I don’t know why I married someone who is miserly, sloppy and boring.(形容词平行结构)
No: In the wreck the circus lost a panda and elephant.Yes: In the wreck the circus lost a panda and an elephant.(不定冠词的平行结构)
No: I debated whether I should give the beggar money or to offer him food.Yes: I debated whether to give the beggar money or to offer him food.(不定式的平行结构)
No: They would lie on the battlefield for hours and sometimes days.Yes: They would lie on the battlefield for hours and sometimes for days.(介词平行结构)
No: Michael’s vacuum cleaner squealed loudly, shook violently, and dust filled the air.Yes: Michael’s vacuum cleaner squealed loudly, shook violently, and filled the air with dust.(并列谓语)
No: The mechanic explained the problem, method, and the tools that he was going to use.Yes: The mechanic explained the problem, method, and tools that he was going to use.(并列带有定冠词“the”的名词)
No: He retired respected by his associates, admired by his friends, and his employees loved him.Yes: He retired respected by his associates, admired by his friends, and loved by his employees.(并列被动语态)
No: As a young man he had been to Shanghai, fighting in the Anti-Japanese War, and following the Nationalist Party to Chongking.Yes: As a young man he had been to Shanghai, had fought in the Anti-Japanese War and had followed the Nationalist Party to Chongking.(并列过去完成时)
No: Jane is pretty, with brown hair, and has a graceful manner.Yes: Jane is pretty, brown-haired, and graceful.(形容词平行结构)
No: He left the city because of his lack of success in business, the departure of his friends and because his health deteriorated rapidly.Yes: He left the city because of his lack of success in business, the departure of his friends and his rapidly failing health.(作宾语的名词平行结构)
No: They bought the house for location and affordability.Yes: They bought the house because of its location and its affordability.(并列名词;注意代词的所有格)
No: Why did you make Xiao Zhang feel useless and as if he was unimportant?
Yes: Why did you make Xiao Zhang feel useless and unimportant?
(形容词的平行结构)
No: This could be a problem for both the winners and for those who lose.Yes: This could be a problem for both the winners and losers.(名词平行结构)
No: The prisoner was not only found guilty of bribery but also adultery.Yes: The prisoner was found guilty not only of bribery but also of adultery.(并列介词短语)
为使平行结构清楚明了，随时都可以重复介词、冠词、助动词、不定词标志，或者长的短语或句子的介绍词。
Awkward: I admire Tennyson for the ideals in his poems but not his style.Improved: I admire Tennyson for the ideals in his poems but not for his style.Awkward: The sentences are difficult to understand, not because they are long but they are obscure.Improved: The sentences are difficult to understand, not because they are long but because they are obscure.Awkward: He explained that the advertising campaign had been successful, business had increased more than forty per cent, and additional capital was sorely needed.Improved: He explained that the advertising campaign had been successful, that business had increased more than forty per cent, and that additional capital was sorely needed.在商业和正式文件写作中，越来越多的用到圆点散句。除了更易读之外，它们更能从视觉上引起人们注意。作者需要决定在圆点之后用什么形式来写，是用名词，动词，形容词，副词，还是介词短语，定语从句甚至完整的句子。应该记住的是它们相互间应该保持一致。平行结构较多用。
Examples:
Our recommendations for improving computer-user comfort are as follows:
· Anti-radiation screens should be available for computer monitors.· Wrist supports should be used to help maintain proper wrist position during computer use and possibly reduce the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome.· Employees need adjustable chairs with a stronger back support.(主谓一致结构)
What makes me different from other job applicants?
· Ability to converse in English, Japanese in addition to my native Mandarin
· Completion of two-month customer satisfaction training
· Impeccable medical report card
· Outgoing personality and eager desire to help
(名词平行结构)
Awkward: At Yi Xin Associates, we have 15 years of combined legal experience in all types of injury cases one can think of.Other areas we handle are wrongful death, automobile accidents and medical malpractice.If you slip and fall in a public building, we can represent you in filing a law suit against the owner.Also, our clients come to seek our help in handicap discrimination and denial of insurance claim cases.Better: At Yi Xin Associates, we have 15 years of combined legal experience in:
· All injury cases
· Wrongful death
· Automobile accidents
· Medical malpractice
· Slip and fall
· Handicap discrimination
· Denial of insurance claims
Incorrect: The duties of the Executive Secretary of the Administrative Committee are:· To take minutes of all meetings(不定式短语)
· The Executive Secretary answers all the correspondence;and(句子)
· Writing of month reports.(话题)
Correct: The duties of the Executive Secretary of the Administrative Committee are:· To take minutes of all meetings;
· To answer all the correspondence;and
· To write monthly reports.精典范例:
Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe1 alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, and that sincerity is always subject to proof.Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.Now the trumpet summons us again-not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need2;not as a call to battle, though embattled we are3;but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight
struggle, a year in and year out “rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation,” a struggle4 against the common enemies of man: 5 tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself.And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you6;ask what you can do for your country.--美国前总统John F.Kennedy
注意：
(1)划线部分为平行结构
(2)例 1.头韵;例2&3.“We need arms”和 “We are embattled”为倒装结构;例4.同位语;例5.见冒号的用法。
在句中使用 “and” 或“on”时, 须连接结构相同的部分。总的原则是：词与词相配, 短语和短语相配,从句和从句相配 ,句子则和句子放在一起。所有这些搭配必须是平行结构，它们应采用相同的形式。No: My parents went to Tibet, to Mongolia, and they even saw Hong Kong and Macau.Yes: My parents went to Tibet, to Mongolia, and even to Hong Kong and Macau.No: Jonathan noticed the way Stephanie talked and how she kept fidgeting with her fingers.Yes: Jonathan noticed how Stephanie talked and how she kept fidgeting with her fingers.一些连词，如 both/and, either/or, neither/nor,和not only/but also.常用于连接平行结构。No: That conference was both helpful and contained a lot of information.Yes: That conference was both helpful and informative.No: Here we either turn left or right, but I forget which.Yes: Here we turn either left or right, but I forget which.No: Fu Chong, the pianist, was heavily influenced both by his mentor and his parents.Yes: Fu Chong, the pianist, was heavily influenced by both his mentor and his parents.No: Elizabeth’s overcoat is at either the theater or her dormitory.Yes: Elizabeth’s overcoat is either at the theater or in her dormitory
第三篇：新SAT考试中关于对比平行结构的考察
三立教育www.xiexiebang.com
新SAT考试中关于对比平行结构的考察
对比平行结构在SAT考试中虽然出现不多，但每次必考，总体来说考点比较固定容易掌握，而且对于此种语法结构的学习能够帮助学生学习句子结构。接下来，我们来简要分析下对比平行结构的要点。
在新SAT考试中，对比和平行结构考点重点依然是： 1 比较对象一致：即相比较的两部分要有可比性。比较句中的指代：that of 和those of(在五月真题中也是主要考察这点)下面我们具体说说如何拿下比较句。
第一，出现哪些词的时候需要注意比较句考点呢? 第一类是常见的比较词：more/less/+er……than、as…as、while/whereas 第二类是隐含比较的词：like/unlike、compared with/in comparison with/by contrast/in contrast to、similar to/ equal to/superior to、differ from/from…to… 第二，比较可以分为名词比较和动作比较。A 名词比较考点：比较对象一致和比较中的指代。
eg: The price of the book is higher than the chair.这个句子明显是一个比较句(higher…than)，所以要求比教对象一致，而在这个句子中比较的对象是“the price of the book”和“the chair”，书的价格怎么能和椅子相比较呢?!所以这个句子错误。书的价格应该和椅子的价格比较：The price of the book is higher than the price of the chair。又因为后面的the price of 与前面重复，所以我们用that of 来指代。
一般写成The price of the book is higher than that of the chair.当然，如果比较的对象是个复数概念，则第二个比较对象要用those of 来指代。B 动作的比较：
怎么用英文表达“你比我要早完成这个任务”?这个动作的比较呢。
“you accomplished the task earlier than me ”? 听起来很顺是吗?我们在口语中可能会这么说，但是在书面语这样的表达是不对的。三立教育www.xiexiebang.com
因为在这than 是一个连词，后面需要接句子：“you accomplished the task earlier than I accomplished the task” 又因为后面的动作是重复的，所以我们会用助动词来替换：“you accomplished the task earlier than I did” 助动词的数由I 决定，时态由“accomplished”决定。
第四篇：英语专业四级必备语法 第9期(平行结构)【卧龙雪痕】
英语专业四级必备语法 第9期(平行结构)【卧龙雪痕整理】【南阳师范学院
外国语学院】
九、平行结构
1.注意比较结构中相比较的内容在语法形式上是否相同。如：
It is better to die on one’s feet than to live on one’s knees.Despite the temporary difficulties, the manager prefers increasing the output to decreasing it.2.其他具有并列或比较意义的短语。
(1)rather than, let alone 虽不是并列连词，但在结构上连接两个语法形式相同的成分。如：
We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style rather than in a personal style.For the new country to survive, let alone for its people to enjoy prosperity, new economic policies will be required.(2)如果平行的两个成分在形式上是介词短语，而且介词相同，一般说来第二个介词不要省略。如：
At times, more care goes into the composition of newspaper and magazine advertisements than into the writing of the features and editorials.
第五篇：作文
Bagehot 白芝浩专栏 A serious man 一个“严肃”的人
Boris Johnson is equipped with a reality-distortion field 有本事歪曲现实的鲍里斯.约翰逊 Aug 4th 2012 | from the print edition
“BOR-IS, Boris” chanted the throng of 60,000 corralled into Hyde Park, celebrating the start of the Olympics as if it were Pompey’s triumph after thwacking King Hiarbas of Numidia.“Zoink!” said Boris Johnson, London’s mayor, before launching an encomium to his city, punctuated with a gag about bankrupt Europeans and a dig at another conservative.“I hear there’s a guy called Mitt Romney who wants to know whether we’re ready,” he said, playing out a scene from “Love Actually”, a schmaltzy film in which a British prime minister says boo to an American president.“Yes we are,” Boris answered himself, misquoting another president.As often with Mr Johnson, it was hard to tell how serious he was being.For just as Mr Romney is auditioning for a non-fictional role as president, so Boris is trying out for the part of prime minister.It is going rather well.“鲍—里斯，鲍里斯”涌入海德公园的6万人一遍遍地呼喊着，庆祝奥运会的大幕拉开，那阵势好像庞培将军刚刚完胜了努米底亚的伊阿尔巴斯国王。伦敦市市长鲍里斯.约翰逊喊道：“Zoink”（意思类似于“surprise”），继而展开了一场赞颂他的城市的演讲，其间穿插着对破产的欧洲人的讥笑和对另一位保守派的调侃。模仿电影《真爱至上》“Love Actually”中的一幕，他说道：“我听说有个叫做米特.罗姆尼的家伙想知道我们是否准备好了。”（在这部夸张的电影里，一位英国首相对一位美国总统报以嘘声。）通过妙用另外一位总统的原话，鲍里斯自问自答，“我们准备好了。”人们常常很难看出鲍里斯葫芦里卖的什么药：恰似正在现实世界里竞选总统职位的罗姆尼，鲍里斯如今也在暗自为首相一职较劲。他的进展很好。
Betting markets have Mr Johnson joint favourite, with the chancellor George Osborne, to be the next Tory leader.Those odds probably flatter Mr Osborne, who is about as popular as a chancellor trying to force through spending cuts in the midst of a recession can expect to be.A survey published this week on Conservative Home, a website for fanatics, put Mr Johnson miles ahead of anyone else when it asked readers who they would like to lead the party after David Cameron.This question is not as theoretical as it might seem.If he loses the next election, Mr Cameron is likely to resign.If he wins, his departure would be delayed only by a couple of years: Mr Cameron has repeatedly said that he does not want to serve more than two terms.And then? Boris could be handed the power to send the tanks into Persia.博彩市场最看好约翰逊和财政大臣乔治.奥斯本成为下届保守党党首。这样的结果可能会让奥斯本大为惊喜：一个在经济衰退中尝试强行推出支出削减的财长还能指望更受欢迎吗？极端保守派的大本营Conservative Home网站本周公布了一项调查：当读者被问及他们想看到谁在卡梅伦之后领导保守党的时候，约翰逊先生的支持率大幅领先于其他候选人。这个问题并不是那么远离实际：一旦卡梅伦总统输掉下届大选，他很有可能选择辞去保守党领袖一职；即便获胜，他的离职也只不过是个时间问题。卡梅伦总统一再重复他不想就职两个任期以上。到那时会怎么样呢？鲍里斯很有可能会接替他的首相大权。
Given this, Mr Johnson’s political beliefs are more interesting today than they were in 2001 when he became MP for Henley, a corner of Oxfordshire where the conundrum over whether or not to take off jacket and tie in hot weather counts as a social problem;or in 2008 when he became mayor of London, where his power is mostly limited to transport and policing.The difficulty here is not that Mr Johnson has been coy about what he thinks, but that in 25 years as a journalist and frequent public speaker he has collected so many enthusiasms.It is also easy to confuse a conviction with what is merely a good set-up for a joke.考虑到这一点，约翰逊先生今天的政治理念比他在担任议员和刚当选伦敦市市长时（的政治理念）要让人感兴趣的多。2001年，他当选为地处牛津郡一隅的Henley区的议员：在那里，连热天是否要脱掉夹克和领带都算得上是一个社会问题。2008年，他当选伦敦市市长：在这里，他的权力大多被限制在交通和治安方面。由此产生的难题并不是约翰逊先生对他的想法一直讳莫如深，而是在他作为记者和频频亮相的公共演说家的25年生涯里他收获了太多的激情：一个理念同一个设计巧妙的笑话开场白也容易被混为一谈。
Through thousands of pages of newspaper columns, a novel, a couple of history books and a sort-of memoir runs a thread of ideas that make Mr Johnson an unlikely favourite for grassroots conservatives.True, it is hard to find a single instance in the Johnson oeuvre in which the author favours a bigger state.On economic matters he is a true Thatcherite.But on many other things his views are closer to those found in liberal, urban Britain(and the offices of The Economist)than in south Oxfordshire.几千页的报纸专栏、一本小说、一些历史书刊和一本所谓的传记里贯穿了约翰逊的政治理念。单从这些理念看来，他几乎不可能成为草根保守派眼中的红人：在他的所有作品里面很难找到作者拥护大政府的一个例子。经济方面他是一个货真价实的撒切尔主义者，但是在其他的一些方面他的观点相较南部的牛津郡更接近于自由派和都市英国人（的想法）。
Like Mr Cameron, Mr Johnson spent his teenage years wandering around Eton in a white bow tie.But before that he went to the same state-run primary school as Ed Miliband, the Labour leader.In a country where schooling is the most legible mark of privilege, that matters.Mr Johnson is also cosmopolitan.He talks often about his Turkish grandfather, and slightly less often about his father’s work at the European Commission and his grandfather’s tenure as president of the European Commission of Human Rights.An enthusiasm for immigration, which has included advocating an amnesty for some illegal migrants, stems as much from his family tree as from his position as mayor of London.和卡梅伦一样，约翰逊的青少年时光与白蝴蝶结为伴，在伊顿公学度过。但是在此（进入伊顿公学）之前，他所就读的国立初中同样是工党领袖艾德.米利班德的母校。在英国这样一个教育背景最能代表身份的国家，这样一点很重要。约翰逊同样是一个世界主义者：他经常谈起他的土耳其祖父，其次是他父亲在欧盟委员会的工作以及他祖父作为欧盟人权委员会主席的职务。他对移民问题的热情（甚至包括呼吁特赦一部分非法移民）除了作为伦敦市市长的职位使然，还同样源自他的家谱。
Even on Europe, the issue dearest to the Tory right, Mr Johnson is not quite what he seems.His inner columnist enjoys lampooning the absurdities of Brussels bureaucracy and scorning dreams of further European integration.He has signed a pledge in favour of granting a simple in-or-out referendum on Britain’s relationship with Europe, devised by people who want to get out.Yet in “Friends, Voters, Countrymen”, an account of his Henley campaign, Mr Johnson writes that EU membership “has brought palpable benefits to Britain” and that withdrawal would mean “a potentially worrying loss of influence”.Boris makes Europhobic Tories laugh so hard that they assume he must be one of them.即使是在保守党右派最关切的欧盟问题上，约翰逊的立场也十分模糊。他的亲信专栏作家喜欢大肆抨击布鲁塞尔官僚政治的荒谬，嘲笑欧洲进一步的一体化为春秋大梦。他在一份由渴望脱离欧盟的人所起草的请愿书上签名，赞成在英欧关系上举行一场仅有“走”或“留”两个选项的全民公投。但是他在Henley竞选活动的记录“朋友，选民，同胞”中曾经写道，欧盟成员身份给英国带来了显而易见的实惠，从中退出将令人担忧英国影响力的潜在丧失。（看到鲍里斯态度的转变后）敌视欧洲的保守党人为鲍里斯最终成为他们中的一员感到欢欣鼓舞。
It’s morning in Islington 伊斯灵顿的早晨
An ability to persuade a party that you belong to its tribe while saying things it disagrees with is a useful skill.Both Ronald Reagan and Tony Blair had it to burn.Mr Johnson has some too.He is also a good campaigner, winning re-election this May in London, a place with an inbuilt Labour majority, at a time when the Conservatives were trailing in national polls.It is easy, enjoyable even, to imagine him as leader of the Conservative Party.在一些议题上与一个政党存在分歧，同时又能说服他们相信你终究属于这个党派是一项很有用的能力。罗纳德.里根和托尼.布莱尔都有这个能力，约翰逊也不逊色。此外，他还擅长竞选：在保守党于全国民意测验中落后工党的这个时期，他今年五月在传统工党领地伦敦赢得了连任。（这种情况下）即使把他想象为保守党的领袖也是自然而然的。
Prime minister is a stretch.This is partly a question of electoral maths.Mr Johnson can charm Labour-leaning Londoners but is likely to struggle in the less freewheeling north.He seems too chaotic to be at the centre of power.The people who want to have their pictures taken with him may not want him in charge of the NHS.He is not immune to fibbing when cornered.Michael Howard, then the Conservative leader, sacked him from the shadow cabinet for lying about an affair.Yet some of these objections were made before he won his first term as mayor.首相这个职位的要求甚为艰巨，它（的成功）在一定程度上事关选举数学。约翰逊可以赢得偏向工党的伦敦人的芳心，但是他的选情很可能将受制于没那么自由的英国北部地区。约翰逊的多变无序使他看起来不适合居于权力中心；那些踊跃和他拍照的人们并不一定乐意把国家交给他来掌管；在危急关头，他也有撒谎的前科。过去的保守党领袖Michael Howard曾因为约翰逊的一次谎言将他逐出自己的影子内阁。但是，这些反面教材都发生在他赢得伦敦市市长的首个任期之前。
Voters think of Mr Johnson as the opposite of the modern politician who carefully calibrates what he says to please each audience.This gives him permission to do things that other politicos cannot and to laugh off setbacks.Sometimes the bluster fails: his walkabouts after the London riots last year were hard to watch.选民们把约翰逊视为那些小心包装自己以取悦每一位听众的当代政治家的反面，这便为他做那些其他政治家不被允许的事情开了绿灯。他也可以对挫折一笑置之，不过有时候这种虚张声势也会失灵：去年伦敦骚乱后他的走街串巷的悲凉情况几乎不堪入目。But Mr Johnson is broadly brilliant at shaping how people think of him.Orwell wrote that autobiography is only to be trusted if it reveals something disgraceful about the author.In all his writing, Mr Johnson has never disgraced himself, despite an abundance of material.The peculiar lexicon and tousled persona is as artificial, in its way, as anything Mitt Romney has to offer.Which suggests Boris can take it in any direction he likes.但是，约翰逊在塑造人们对他的看法上确实有一套。奥威尔曾经写道，未能泄露作者不光彩一面的自传一定不可信。尽管素材极为丰富，但是在约翰逊所有的作品里，他从来没有贬低过自己。怪异的言辞和多变的人格使他可以像罗姆尼一样做作。就这一点来说，只要他愿意，他可以做出任何选择。
from the print edition | Britain
注释：
Islington：位于大伦敦地区中部的一个区。此处喻指鲍里斯.约翰逊的仕途尚且大有可为。
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