第一篇：雅思总结 写作
环境类：
1.exhaust gas emission/ emit exhaust gases 2.release waste water/ industrial effluent 3.make noises 4.environmentally friendly.5.it is environmentally friendly to charge on plastic bags to reduce plastic bag consumption in the market 教育类
1.create a competitive atmosphere 2.cooperation/cooperate 3.all-round talent 4.nine-year compulsory education 5.professional training/ job-oriented training 6.form a sound personality 7.higher education helps form a sound personality which is beneficial for students’ future development.8.cope with/deal with 处理，应对 to cope with pressure from work.医疗疾病类
1.heart attack;high blood pressure;stroke;diabetes;diarrhea;over-weight/ obesity 2.Many young children suffer from obesity due to intaking too much junk food.3.contagious/ infectious diseases 科技类
Communication;transportation 1.surf the internet 2.net-meeting software 3.instant messege tools 4.on-line shopping;on-line banking system;transaction交易
句型
1.Thanks to …., we would be able to/ have the opportunity to/ are allowed to…
2.education helps an individual obtain not only professional knowledge, but more importantly, it helps to develop
a sound personality.3.By taking advantage of(making full use of)…, we….4.Considering+名词, we…(行动)status quo;Taking +名词into consideration, we+(行动)5.密切相关
be closely related to…/Have a strong connection between…and…/link between… and …
例句The number of college graduates is closely related to the degree of a country’s civilization.Whether the environment is well protected or not is closely related to the sustainable development of the society 6.There are three reasons to illustrate… 7.A be originated from B
8.When it comes to …, there is no division between A and B.The line chart;the trend-line graph;the digram
The line chart depicts the number of foreign travellers visiting Australia from 1975 to 2005.The number increased gradually from exactly 10 to just over 30 million during this period.Throughout the period.Approximately;roughly;nearly;about Just over;just under Well over;well under There was an increase of the number
The number experienced/welcome an increase…..However, Suffered/experienced a decrease
The line chart compares the number of smokers every 1,000 among the genders from 1960 to 2000 in Someland.Generally speaking/ As an overall trend/ Basically, there were always more male smokers than their female counterparts.In 1962, the rate for men stood at 600 per 1000./ The figure decreased slowly to 580 in 1972 and continued to decline but more steeply to 260 by 2003.However, the situation for women was quite different.There were 100 women smoking per 1000 in 1962, which was much lower than men.The number went up gradually to 190 in 1972 and continued to climb but more rapidly to roughly 300 by 1977.The figure then levelled out at 300 until 1983 at which point it started to decline and had dropped steadily to approximately 200 in 2002.The number of cases stood at 100 in 1983.It increased minimally to roughly 110 by 1985 and continued to climb to 200 by the year of 1987.However, the number of cases dropped to the original level in the following year but then recovered quickly and had reached a peak at 400 in 1989.After a slight decrease by 50 in 1990, the figure levelled out at 350 until 1991 at which point it started to decline dramatically and had eradicated from someland in 1992.The line chart compares the GDP growth rates in Japan, America and rest of Asia from 1995 to 2001.Generally speaking, the growing trends of rates in three regions did not correlate with each other throughout the period.The two trend lines compare the trade balances figures in manufacturing and aguiculture sectors from 1991 to 2001.As an overall trend, it can be clearly seen that the trade balances were always positive in both sectors throughout the period.The imports in manufacturing sector increased from just over 2 $bn in 1991 to just under $6 bn in 2001 with fewer fluctuations.Follow the same trend but more fluctuations.The bar charts compare the number of deaths caused by six diseases with the amount of fund allocated to those diseases in 1990 in someland.When it comes to the number of deaths, TB contributed to 1.8 million deaths, which was the highest among all diseases.Diarrhea remained the second place of 0.5 million, followed by Malaria, TD, AIDS, and Leprosy with XX,XX,XX and XX respectively.As to the amount of fund allocation, there was 180 million dollars put into the reseach of AIDS./used for remedies of AIDS., which ranked the top of all diseases.TD and Leprosy spent equally of 80 million dollars, which was much lower than that of AIDS.The spending on Diarrhea, Malaria and TB ranged from 0 to 60 million dollars, which accounted for
less than 20% of total fund allocation.The first line chart compares the number of visitors going abroad from UK with those coming to UK for travelling.While the second bar chart demonstrates five countries/resorts which were most popular for UK visitors in 1999.Noticeably，The pie charts compare the highest level of education achieved by women in someland across two years, 1945 and 1995.|As an overall trend, it can be clearly seen that women were much better educated in 1995 than in 1945.In 1945, 20 percent of women received secondary education, among which 1% of them went on to college for their first
degree.The table compares the railway systems in six cities in three aspects: opening date, length of routes and passengers carrying per year.As to the date of opening, railway was firstly constructed in London in the year of 1863.Subsequently, Pairs, Tokyo, Washingdon DC and Kyoto owned their
thrailways in the 20 century in the years of 1900, 1927,1976 and 1981 respectively.It was not until 2001 did Los Angeles construct its railway system.According to the table, the length of route in London remained the longest of 394 km.The route in Washington, Tokyo and Paris ranged from 100 to 200 kms.In comparison, Kyoto and Los Angeles had the shortest routes among the all, with
11km and 28 km respectively.Despite of the long route of railway in London, the number of passegers carried per year there ranked only the third place of six cities(755 million).On the other hand, railways in Tokyo and Paris turned out to be the busist with 1927 and 1191 million passengers respectively.On the contrary, the number of passengers carried in Kyoto, Los Angeles and Washington DC varied from 40 to 150 million per year.The table compares two Indian Ocean countries of Madagascar and Mauritus in five aspects.In terms of suface area, Madagascar was 12823 km2, which was nearly six times larger than Mauritus.The population in Mauritus was 456 million in 1999, which was only one sixth of that in Madagascar.Moreover, the variance was expected to become more significant, because the population growth rate in Madagascar was 12% compared with 2% in Mauritus.The number increased sharply from 10 to(about;approximately;nearly;roughly)(just over/well over;just under/well under)30 million during the period.(throughout the period)There was an upward trend of the number
In 1960, there was 600 men in 1000 smoking./ In 1960, the number of male smokers per 1000 stood at 600.The rate declined steadily to roughly 580 in(by)1973 and continued to decrease but more sharply to approximately 300 by 2002.In contrast/by comparison/on the contrary, the rate of women started low at just under 100.The rate rose slightly to around 180 in 1973 and continued to increase but more quickly to roughly 300 in 1977.The number remained stable at 300 until 1982 at which point it started to decline and had dropped to 190 in 2002.In conclusion, there were always more male smokers than female smokers thoughout the period and the smoking rates for them were both declining recentely.The table describes the underground railways systems in six cities in terms of/ in the respects of/ in the aspects of opening date, length of routes, passengers per year.When it comes to the opening date, railway firstly appeared in London in 1863.Railways were subsequently constructed in ththe 20 centery in Paris, Tokyo, Washingdon DC and Kyoto.It was not until 2001 did Los Angeles have underground railways.As to the length of route/
Noticeably.
第二篇：雅思写作总结句
篇一：雅思写作常用黄金总结句
雅思写作常用黄金总结句
在复习雅思过程中同学们可以适当总结雅思写作中常用句型，比如小编下面汇总的万用总结句，在不同的题目中可以将这些作为骨架，加入具体细节性内容，这样快速写出一篇中规中矩的雅思作文。也可以积累下列句型，加入一些特殊词汇为自己的写作增加色彩。雅思写作黄金总结句之1.表示原因
1)there are three reasons for this.2)the reasons for this are as follows.3)the reason for this is obvious.4)the reason for this is not far to seek.5)the reason for this is that...雅思写作黄金总结句之2.表示好处
1)it has the following advantages.2)it does us a lot of good.3)it benefits us quite a lot.4)it is of great benefit to us.雅思写作黄金总结句之3.表示坏处
1)it has more disadvantages than advantages.2)it does us much harm.3)it is harmful to us.雅思写作黄金总结句之4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能
1)it is important(necessary，difficult，convenient，possible)for sb.to do sth.2)we think it necessary to do sth.3)it plays an important role in our life.雅思写作黄金总结句之5.表示措施
1)we should take some effective measures.3)we should do our utmost in doing sth.4)we should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced)with.雅思写作黄金总结句之6.表示变化
1)some have taken place in the past five years.句之7.表示事实、现状
1)no the fact that...2)there is no denying the fact that...3)this phenomenon that many people are interested in.4)howevers not the case.句之8.表示比较
1)there striking contrast between them.句之9.表示数量
1)it increased(decreased)from...to...2)the population in this city has now increased(decreased)to 800，000.1)people have(take，adopt，assume)different attitudes towards sth.2)people different opinions on this problem.3)people different views of(on)the question.4)some believe that...others argue that...篇二：雅思写作：高分结尾总结句
写作：高分结尾总结句
changes 雅思写作黄金总结one can deny is a，that’雅思写作黄金总结is a 雅思写作黄金总结has have take people 雅思雅思作文结尾段优秀句型，今天大家带来的是关于雅思作文结尾段优秀句型的详细介绍，供大家参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
雅思作文结尾句型推荐：
1)in short，it can be said that.。
2)it may be briefly summed up as follows。
4)in general/above all/with the result that/as a result/consequently。.5)as far as i am concerned/as for me,.。.6)this truth above seems to be self-evident。
7)whether we examine the above, such things can happens anywhere anytime to anyone。
8)in my point of view, i like/prefer a much more than b。
9)i still prefer a, however, for they teach me not only to be...but also to be...，both in...and in...。10)there is no doubt that。
11)in order to make our world a better place in which to live we should efforts to。
12)to a large extent,..., therefore, reflects。
13)if all above mentioned measures are achieved。
14)wherever you are and whatever you do,...is always meaningful。
15)so clear/evident/obvious it is that there are quite different opinions on it。16)now, which one do you prefer-----the one...or the one...? were it left to me to select, i should not hesitated a moment to choose the former/latter。
资料来源：教育优选
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以上就是雅思小编带来的关于雅思作文结尾段优秀句型的详细介绍，希望对大家有所帮助，雅思小编最后祝大家都能取得好成绩顺利踏上留学之路。篇三：雅思作文-好句总结 好句总结：
多用such替换the ,a.例：admittedly, such issue ,to some extent,has given rise to a bunch of familiar questions.（模板的第3段开头）
开头句型：（放在文章中间也很好的句子）
as our lives are saturated with the flood of(advertisements),no one can avoid being influenced by ads.(ads 错的，不能用简写哦~)4(bad traffic and increasing pollution)are thorny issues challenging every major city in the globe.（in the globe全世界）
好处句型！2 a exert a positive impact on ….3 a can an effective way to(help)……(简单但好用)4 few things can be more（impressive）than ….that…(新3的哦，推荐)5 play a pivotal role in … 6 benefit from../ profit from…一般
promot the development of..8 a is the cornerstone of …
remove the barrier for..10 raise one’s awareness of …常用
enable sb to do …
sb is the ultimate beneficiary（sb是。的最终受益者，社会问题类说人们应该自己也承担责任用）
consolidates its status as the..14 get a clear perspective of..15 give a boost to..16 a is an indispensable part of b 17 a is irreplaceable tp b 18 the signigicant of a to b can never be ingored 19 a is the key ingredient to b~~ 20 a made it possibe for sb to…
a exert a peculiar fascination on a great many people.(新3的哦，推荐)find it impossible to resist the temptation to do ….22 needless to say / indeed ,……（可以放在任一句开头，很好用哦~）
develop an unshakable faith in …
have a reputation of..25 nothing can catch them for …
make a contribution to(也可作写坏处的句子 the city make its own contribution to noise)27 build bridges between 28 特别的
improve one’s physical and psychological wellbeing /soundness 身体心理健康 optimise people’s living standards 提高人们生活水平
eradicate poverty 消除贫困
it’s not a that are important ,but b satisfy basic(human)needs 满足要求
ease the tension and conflicts between alleviate the problem of 消除冲突和紧张 be fully aware of the consequences the impact of（sporting activities）goes far beyond the bounds of(leisure and recreation.)3 坏处的句型
drive up the crime rate..2 widen the gap between a 3 pose a(direct)threat to …
stifle creativity 5 diminish individual’s leisure time…
spin out of control 7 tension and conflicts between…
detrimental/negative/adverse influence（impact）upon/on 10 with …
deprive one of sth 12 cause of …
with sth 14 of ….15 be confronted with sth 16 to …
national identity 18 for 19 is an vicious circle 20(scientific)progress 21 yawning gap between 22 devastating problem 23 is ruined 25 things can go wrong on a big scale
cause(creat)exert(have)be afflicted sth is the root be saturated at the expense run contrary erode the pose a dilemma hamper there is a pose a the reputation 26 sth is always faced with a difficult task /problem 27 it is impossible to 28 have(little)difficulties in doing 29pay the price for(fame)30(pollution)is the price we pay for(overpopulated ,over industrialized planet)31 people seem to fail to take into account the fact that ….好句！
lead to some unfavorable results 33 sacrifice ….for …
there is a major concern over t he world about ….35 give rise to a bunch of familiar questions 37 the problem of(information overloaded)exacerbated by(the growth …)4 解决问题类
小模板：（经济学人）1evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on ….,saying clearly(that..).2other policies(such as。)can be taken to back up the policy.3 one helpful step is to … ,another possibility is to improve …., so that ….4 it should be an addtion to the policy work ,not a substitute.5 the more effort put in and wider(the whole school)involvement ,the substantial the results are likely to be.1 give priority to sth 2 shoulder the responsibility to 4 impose restrictions on..5 take …into account /consideration 6 should be increasingly focus on…rather than …
what will make the most difference is …..the new study makes this point even more starkly 8 there are ways of dealing with the topic through …, ….and …..three factors are involved in this change.新概念3+剑桥好句：
apparently,there is a good deal of truth in this idea./there is an element of truth in both agreements 2more importantly/significantly,there is still good evidence that …
has given rise to a bunch of familiar questions.6 it’s not a that are important ,but b 7 providing more parking area, in the long run ,has proved to be a practical way out in many large cities in the world.插入语
not only had the poor man been arrested ,but he had been sent to prison ,as well 9 it has been estimated that …据估计
considering the amount she paid ,he was dear in more ways than one.非谓语 fearing that she would never see ratus again 12 avoid squandering money on 避免浪费钱在。上
shoulder important responsibilities on major global issues 14these regions are fragile not just in terms of their ecology,but also in terms of the culture of their inhabitants.27 but what happened was that it became ,overwhelmingly, a medium for tekking stories.插入语
28unfortunately, they are the ones the organisation can least afford to lose.29 there is an abundance of evidence to support the motivational benefits that result from carefully matching people to jobs.an abundance of 大量的，好！
managers, must be sure ,therefore, that employees feel confident that their efforts can lead to performance goals.插入语
31to varying degree, we all have secrets which……
it seemed certain that 34 广告much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste,we are no longer free to choose the things we want ,for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us.35 in time ,it became an accepted fact that … 篇四：雅思写作过渡句总结
sand过渡句模板：
一．ban类模板： para 2：
1.it goes without saying that… but…
2.apparently, those who hold that… do have their reasons.3.indeed, a point of those opponents should not be neglected that …
4.there is no doubt that… does/do….para 3：
1.it is essential for us to realize that without… , more serious problems would be exerted in various aspects.2.there are a great deal of benefits brought by ….which far outweigh its drawbacks.3.what makes me have the belief that ….should not be banned is because…
5.whether this problem can be solved by the prohibition of….., from my point of view, is quite questionable.二．比较类模板：
①替换类 para 2：
1.there are those who prefer a to b for a simple reason that ….2.admittedly, a is superior to b in some sense as it can…
para 3: 1.we have to admit that there is some element of truth in the above argument, but some of b’s own benefits are also irreplaceable.2.although, the above argument sounds reasonable, the advantages of b should not be neglected, either.3.what makes me have the belief that a should not totally replace b despite of its obvious advantages , is because there are also some irreplaceable benefits brought by b.②重要性比较类 para2：
1.apparently those people who hold that… do have there reasons.2.it goes without saying that…
3.there is no doubt that…
4.the reason why some people regard … as the most great … is that…
para 3: 1.we have to admit that…/indeed/admittedly….however, in my opinion, b is even more important than a/as important as a.2.admittedly,…..nevertheless, without b, a could not ….3.admittedly,… however, b is also superior to a in several aspects.③比较建议类
para 2：
1.those who hold that… do have their reasons.2.indeed, a great many benefits will be brought by …
3.the reason why some people table this proposal can be analyzed in two aspects.4.it cannot be denied that there still exist some disadvantages of …
5.of course, i am not denying the merits of …
para 3: 1.what makes me have the belief that ….is because 2.we have to admit that there is some element of truth of the above argument.in my opinion, nevertheless, fairness should be prior to advantages, only through which can we… 3.no matter how reasonablethe proposal sounds, we should not neglect the most important element: fairness.④ only类
para 2: para3: 三．问题解决类：
para 2：
1.we have to admit that those who table this proposal do have their reasons.indeed, if it were… 2.it seems that the proposal to … does help us to … to some extent.indeed, if it were… para 3: 1.although the practice may have its positive side, on no account should the problems related to it be ignored.2.admittedly, the advantages of this practice is obvious, but whether this can be implemented smoothly , in my opinion, is quite questionable.3.indeed this practice is effective, but the point we should not ignored is that unless you realize the importance of it, the problem can be totally resolved.4.although at first glance the practice sounds reasonable and appealing, but it is not borne out by a careful consideration while the former/latter opinion is more convincing.四．建议类/利弊分析：
para 2：
1.apparently, those who hold that… do have their reasons to some extent.2.undoubtedly, the practice has its merits/demerits as it is beneficial/detrimental for sb.to do… 3.…is superior/detrimental in several ways, of which perhaps the most fundamental is that… para 3: 1.although the practice may have its positive side, on no account should the problems related to it be ignored.2.however, … served as a double-edged sword.in other words, the inferiority of it co-exit with its superiorities.3.we have to admit that there is some element of truth of the above argument.in my opinion, the advantages/disadvantages of it far outweigh its advantages/disadvantages.4.despite the advantages/disadvantages … has, it also has its disadvantages/advantages.五．both views: para 2: 1.apparently , those who hold/advocate/propose… do have their reasons to a certain extent.2.on the one hand, the proposal sounds reasonable to a certain extent.3.what makes sb.have the belief that… is that…
para 3: 1.while we have to admit that there is some element of truth in the above argument, the latter opinion, nevertheless, is more convincing to me.indeed… the point should not be overlooked that …
2.on the other hand, those who… also have a point.indeed, …
3.despite the fact that a seemingly enjoys considerable advantage in…., the point should be by no means neglected that…
b in several main aspects.5.to choose a or b is something of a dilemma to the public, because they sometimes are confused by the seemingly good qualities of a, and neglect the genuinely good aspects of b.lead-in sentence : 1.over the past decade, the issue of … has risen to the top of the agenda for …
2.…mainly stem from several factors, including...3.… ,with its potential to impact every corner of the world, is an issue that must be addressed by the world.4.for now the world has a more urgent mission: …...5.scientists and experts are working together to find ways to …….6.…… is set to attract worldwide attention.7.…… has brought about many changes in people’s lives, for instance, …….8.we are entering a new era of _____.conclusion: it is true that…, however, ……
in conclusion, in order to…, … should …
having considered the arguments of both views, my conclusion is that… 篇五：雅思总结雅思写作必备的72种句型(1-30句)免费下载
雅思总结雅思写作必备的72种句型(1-30句)免费下载.txt不要为旧的悲伤而浪费新的眼泪！现在干什么事都要有经验的，除了老婆。没有100分的另一半，只有50分的两个人。1.it作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型
she had said what it was necessary to say。
2.强调句型
it is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us。
3.all+抽象名词或抽象名词+itself(very+形容词
he was all gentleness to her。
4.利用词汇重复表示强调
a crime is a crime。
5.something(much)of和nothing(little)ofsomething of相当于to some extent，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为anything of，可译为有点，略微等。译为毫无，全无。much of译为大有，not much of可译为算不上，称不上，little of可译为几乎无。something like译为有点像，略似。
they say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a scholar。
6.同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，of以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰of后面的那个名词。如her old sharper of a father，可译为：她那骗子般的父亲。
those pigs of girls eat so much。
7.as...as...can(may)beit is as plain as plain can be。
8.it is in(with)...as in(with)it is in life as in a journey。
9.as good as...相等于，就像，几乎如；实际上，其实，实在。
the merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him。
10.many as well...as和might as well...as many as well...as可译
为与其......，不如......，更好，以这样做......为宜，如同......，也可以......等等。might as well...as表示不可能的事，可译为犹如......，可与......一样荒唐，与其那样不如这样的好等等。
one may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly。
11.to make...of的译法(使......成为......，把......当作)i will make a scientist of my son。
12.oo...+不定式，not(never)too...+不定式，too...not+不定式she is too angry to speak。
13.only(not, all, but, never)too...to do so 和too ready(apt)+ to do结构中，不定式也没有否定意义，凡是not，allbut等字后+too...to，不定式都失去了否定意义，在too ready(apt)+to do结构中，不定式也没有否定意义。
you know but too yell to hold your tongue。
14.no more...than...句型a home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man。
15.not so much...as和not so much as...结构，not so much...as=not so much as...，其中as有进可换用but rather，可译为：与其说是......毋须说是......。而not so much as=without(not)even，可译为甚至......还没有。
the oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it。
16.nothing is more...than和nothing is so...as结构，nothing is more...than和nothing is so...as都具有最高级比较的意思，nothing i可换用no，nobody，nowhere，little，few，hardly，scarcely等等，可译为没有......比......更为，像......再没有了，最......等。
nothing is more precious than time。
17.cannot...too...结构，cannot...too...意为it is impossible to overdo...或者，即无论怎样......也不算过分。not可换用hardly，scarcely等，too可换用enough，sufficient等you cannot be too careful。
18.否定+but 结构，在否定词后面的but，具有which not，who not，that not，等等否定意义，构成前后的双重否定。可译成没有......不是或......都......等nothing is so bad but it might have been worse。
19.否定+until(till)结构，在否定词no，not，never，little，few，seldom等的后边所接用的until/till，多数情况下译为 直到......才......，要......才......，把否定译为肯定。
nobody knows what he can do till he has tried。
20.not so...but和not such a...but结构，这两个结构和否定+but的结构差不多，不同之点是这两个结构中的but是含有that...not意味的连续词，表示程度。可译为还没有......到不能做......的程度，并不是......不......，无论怎样......也不是不能......等。
21.疑问词+should...but 结构，这个结构表示过去的意外的事，意为none...but，可译为除了......还有谁会......，岂料，想不到......竟是......等。
22.who knows but(that)...和who could should...but结构，这个结构是反问形式，一般意译为多半，亦未可知等等，有时也可直译。
23.祈使句+and和祈使句+or结构，祈使句+and表示if...you...，祈使名+or表示if...not...，you。
24.名词+and结构，在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件，或表示时间。
a word, and he would lose his temper。
25.as...，so...结构，这里的so的意思是in the same way(也是如此)。此结构表明两个概念在程度上和关系上相似。
as rust eats iron, so care eats the heart。
26.if any结构，if any和if ever，意思是果真有......，即使有......，表示加强语气。与此类似的还有：if anything(如有不同的话，如果稍有区别)，if a day(=at least，至少)。
there is little, if any, hope。
27.be it ever(never)so和let it be ever(never)so结构，这里，be it中的be是古英语假设语气的遗留形式，现代英语则使用let it be。ever so和never so都表示同一意思，都表示very。
be it ever so humble(let it be ever so humble)，home is home。
28.the last+不定式和the last +定语从词结构，这种结构中的last意思是the least likely，用于否定性推论。可译为最不大可能的，最不合适的，由原意的最后一个......变成最不可能......的一个。
he is the last man to accept a bride。
29.so...that...句型，这个句型的意思是如此......，以致于......，但在翻译成汉语时，许多情况下，并不是一定要译成如此......以致于......，而是变通表达其含义。
he ran so fast that nobody could catch him up。
30.more + than+原级形容词(副词)结构，这是将不同性质加以比较，其中的more有rather的意思。
it is more than probable that he will fall。
第三篇：雅思写作
翻开剑桥系列教材后面考官所给的范文评析，大家会发现考官的评分标准一般都从如下四个方面展开：内容(content)、组织结构(organization)、词汇(vocabulary)和句式(sentence structure)。同时，据笔者的长期观察，高分雅思作文无一例外地在这四方面有好的演绎才能获得考官亲睐。“好的作文大都是相似的，而不幸的作文却各有各的不幸。”下面，笔者将从以上四方面一一阐述烤鸭们写作时存在的盲点所在并提出相应的建议。
一、内容(content)：切中主题，自圆其说
盲点1：无话可说
这类考生在看到题目时，最初的感觉是脑袋中一片空白。雅思作文题材广泛，包括科技、教育、健康、环保、犯罪、文化传统、时尚、体育运动、动物保护等。而且由于文化差异以及学习工作的缘故，日常生活中考生极少接触到这类话题，更不用说对它有什么想法了。
盲点1击破：四多原则
多看范文；多关注时事，观察生活；多与人交流；多记录自己的想法。比较极端的做法是花三天三夜沉浸在范文书当中，分领域熟悉雅思考题及其观点。当感觉自己脑袋中涌现出无数ideas时，关上书，写出自己能够想出来的各个领域的观点，如果某个领 域发生短路，翻开书重新阅读，直至能够写出来为止。
盲点2：千言万语
这类考生往往见多识广，看到话题时感到倚马千言。可是由于词汇量和逻辑方面有所欠缺。往往面临“满腹的心里话不知怎么说”的尴尬。
盲点2击破：词以类记原则
此类考生要分领域积累雅思写作词汇，如在写肥胖问题时，考生需要积累(obese, overweight, coronary heart disease, stroke, heredity, inheritance, junk food, carnivorous, excessive drinking and smoking, couch potato, diabetes, a balanced diet, vegetarian等。)
盲点3：标新立异
这类考生认为论点或论据越新颖越好，力求与众不同。
盲点3击破：自圆其说原则
雅思考试毕竟是语言能力测试，词汇、语法和句式才是测试重点。况且，考官阅卷数载，见多识广，你的观点很有可能已经无法构成他的兴奋点，所以我们讲究论点论据
言之有理，能够自圆其说即可。
盲点4：真情流露
这类考生和“千言万语”型考生神似，唯一的不同便是他们英文表达畅通无阻，写作时有“黄河之水，延绵不绝”之势。但兴奋之时，有些忘乎所以，与主题渐行渐远。
盲点4击破：切中主题原则
这类考生必须建立自己的一套逻辑框架，并严格执行。如在写argumentation类题型时，全文四段：“第一段为背景介绍和提出论点段；第二段为己方观点论证段；第三段为让步段；第四段总结段。切忌任何与主题无关或相悖的鸡肋出现。
二、组织结构(organization)：起承转合，行云流水
盲点1：天马行空
这类考生和“千言万语”型考生神似，写作时缺乏自己的一套写作框架。有时，尽管有全文框架，段落框架又缺失，通常表现为主体段内部的分论点或分论据存在逻辑上的重复或冲突。
盲点1击破：起承转合原则
除了段落之间应存在“第一段(起)为背景介绍和提出论点段；第二段(承)为己方观点论证段；第三段(转)为让步段；第四段(合)总结段。”的逻辑框架之外，段落内部每一句也需要有这样的逻辑框架来约束，如让步段中：“some people may argue that „(起);because they maintain that „。(承);However ,they are oversimplifying the situation, in fact „.。(转);Therefore , I believe „。(合)
盲点2：单句游离
这类烤鸭写出来的句子与句子之间没有连接词，有时就算有，逻辑连词也使用错误。或者是标点不注意。最常见使用错误诸如on the other hand。它连接的是转折，却无数次被误解成递进。
盲点2击破：行云流水原则
考生应准确记忆并正确使用各种逻辑关系词，力求做到行云流水，常见的逻辑连词有：
因果关系：
因：As since due to owning to
果：hence thus therefore as a consequence as a result
表目的：thereby
举例关系：Take for example, For instance, To illustrate, As an apt illustration ,对比关系：While ,whilst, whereas, by contrast。
让步关系：despite ,in spite of , not with standing , nonetheless, even though,Provided that , if
三、词汇(vocabulary)：同义改写，百花齐放
盲点1 ： 遭遇生词
大部分考生苦恼的地方莫过于此，写作过程中无数次由于生词的关系而短路。
盲点1击破：同义改写原则
其实考生对不认识的词完全可以paraphrase，如望子成龙，望女成凤完全可以写成：All parents expect their children to have a promising further。
注意：对于各个领域内的专有名词我们鼓励大家履行词以类记原则，毕竟只有语言水平较高的烤鸭才可能做到用简单的词汇解释难词。如有同学在解释寄生虫(parasite)在他笔下成了” something that is very tiny and lives on my skin and sucks my blood without doing any work”！这样的paraphrase 只能让考官啼笑皆非。
盲点2：同义重现
如在discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the internet时，有考生作文中曾出现了不下10次的advantages and disadvantages。这会让考官出现极严重的审美疲劳，分数自然不高。
盲点2击破： 百花齐放原则
其实考生在平时的习作中应注意近义词、反义词、衍生词的积累，并不断练习。如上面的advantages的同义词为benefits gains merits pros等；disadvantages的同义词有downsides ,weakness, drawbacks cons等。
盲点3：大词连篇
很多考生认为大词生僻词汇用得越多，得分就越高。
盲点3击破：整体协调原则
看到剑桥系列教材大家会发现，考官给出的范文大词生词寥寥可数，真正有说服力的是你用的词能够准确无误的表达你的思想。试想一个语法错误连篇的考生盲目地使用各种生僻词汇来堆砌文章，这无疑给考官造成一种“暴发户”般的强烈视觉冲击，最后只能适得其反。所以，用词上我们讲究与内容以及句式结构整体协调的原则。
三、句式(sentence structure)：长短结合，错落有致
盲点1：长篇累牍
和用词上的大词连篇一样，部分考生以能使用各种复杂的长难句为荣。
盲点1击破：长短结合原则
事实上，如果大家有看剑桥后面的范文的话，会发现长难句并不象绝大多数同学想象得那般高深。通常的情况是长短句结合使用，而且论点通常用短句，而论据则长句居多。
盲点2：短小精悍
和长篇累牍型考生相反的是短小精悍型考生，为了保险起见，这类考生作文中充满了简单的is/am/are的主系表和主谓宾句型。
盲点2击破：灵活多变原则
这类考生如果能稍稍变得aggressive一些，他们将是考场上最大的“黑马”。如以Parents and teachers often link children’s score to their academic ability这个简单句为例，通过强调句型的包装我们得到：
It is children’s score that parents and teachers often link to their academic ability rather than other qualifications。
通过倒装句的包装我们可以得到：
So important is children’s score that parents and teachers often link them to children’s academic ability。
通过插入语的包装我们可以得到：
Scores , as is known to everyone ,are often linked to children’s academic ability by teachers and parents。
通过分词短语的包装我们可以得到：
Based on the conception that scores tells everything, parents and teachers often link children’s score to their academic ability。
„„„
通过如此灵活的加工和包装，你会发现，简单句经过稍稍润色原来也可以如此光彩照人，这要比无数大词生僻词堆砌形成的长难句更加赢得考官的青睐。
总之，掌握了如上原则，再加上持之以恒的练习，考生一定能在Task 2中获得自己满意的分数。（编
第四篇：雅思写作
雅思写作范文
Many old building are protected by law because they are part of a nation's history.However，some people think knocked down to make way for new ones because people need houses and offices.How important is it to maintain old buildings？ Should history stand in the way of progress？Old buildings sometimes conflicts with social advancement.Appealing as it is in the eyes of business people，tearing down old architect to make room for real-estate development is not a wise idea in many ways.The primarily reason is that old buildings，like our native language，forms our cultural identity and keep a unique record the history of a country.From this aspect，old buildings are considered very valuable as one of the symbols of the culture of a nation.For instance，the traditional Chinese residence in Beijing，Siheyuan，are once seen as the remains of the Old World，and were destroyed by people shortly after the founding of People's Republic of China.Until recently did the people and policy makers as well realize that it is an inexcusable and stupid idea to commit such a terrible deed because old buildings，once gone，are not restorable.But their economic values and aesthetic appeals have just caught the attention of Chinese people.Moreover，old buildings，if planed and preserved properly，could coexist with modern real-estate development.In France，aged buildings bring millions of dollars of revenue for the government and amazed thousands of tourists.Yet no one thinks the high-rising office buildings and apartment buildings make the old architect a sore of the eye.By contrast，the new learn from the old，a fact that makes them more attractive.We admit that not all old buildings should be treated equally and some of them do need to be torn down for various reasons such as safety and new buildings.However，we should not be too blind to see their value too.If only the real and practical factors are being considered，the country will be sorry for its loss in years to come.As we have discussed，old buildings are part of a country's history and are valuable in many ways.We should plan well and be wise enough to see their value.But the same time，we should also do our best to find solutions to make the old and the new coexist in harmony.
第五篇：雅思写作
很多人在准备雅思考试的初期都会问几乎相同的问题：“需要多大的词汇量？”“应该背哪本词汇表？”就这些问题，北语雅思的看法如下：
雅思是个能力考试（a proficiency test），与人们所熟悉的 achievement test 不同。
所谓 achievement test，是指那些对学生所学过的知识进行检测的考试。如每学期的期 中、期末考试。一般来说，在这样的考试前，学校都会安排复习，老师也许还会划定复习范围。这些考试都和教学大纲规定的内容和进度等有关。考试的内容一般不超出大纲规定的内容。以英语为例，大纲规定了词汇表，试题中如有超纲词要注明中文定义。所以，每当面临一个新的考试时，考生会很自然地问：看哪几本书？有没有词汇表？
一般来说，proficiency test 与教学进度、内容、教学大纲等无关，自然也与词汇表无关。市面上有“雅思词汇”
七、八本之多，均为出版社为了赚钱，雇人编写的，没有一本具有所谓“权威性”。稍好一些的有例句说明单词的用法，差的只给出中文定义。如果想背词汇，随便买本“托福词汇”、“
四、六级词汇”、甚至某本英汉辞典，效果是一样的。
其实，词汇的最好学习方法是通过大量的阅读来学习，而这种大量的阅读正是雅思考试阅读部分所侧重的。备战一个 proficiency test 时，最好的准备方法就是：考什么，准备什么。考阅读，就通过阅读准备，而不是通过背词汇表准备。
常有考生问：考雅思需要多大的词汇量？很多人把词汇量看成是能力的标志，这又回到 achievement test 和 achievement test 问题上。如果能从知识和能力的方面划分考试的话，对词汇量的测试是知识型的测试。有些考生可以得很高的知识分，但能力欠佳，即所谓“高分低能”。换言之，词汇量不是能力标志。从另一个角度看，词汇量的统计也有问题。以下这些词怎么算：
act, actor, actress, action, active, activity, react, reactive, reaction, counteract, interact, hyperactive 等等，这到底算几个词。
那么该用什么来判断一个人是否达到了挑战雅思的水平呢？很简单，做
一、两套模拟题就可以了。拿体育作比喻，如果你想知道自己跑一百米需要多少秒，最好的办法就是去跑。而不是分析自己的心脏情况、血压、体重等。当你知道自己“吃几碗干饭”，再去做相应的准备，去有针对性地练爆发力、步幅、节奏等。
在作听力和阅读试题时，三分之一的正确率就是一个很好的起点。经过一学期的脱产培训，在考试中获得6段是有可能的。如果起始正确率能达到三分之二，也许不用参加培训，考自己多做几套模拟试题，就可以获得很好的成绩。如果正确率在三分之一以下，那就不应该上雅思培训班，而应该上一个不和任何考试挂
钩的培训班。这样的班更好地解决打基础、提高能力的问题，因为大部分雅思培训班都花很多达到时间琢磨应试技巧，而顾及不到能力的提高。
如何自测口语和写作呢？看一看雅思口语和写作的题目，你自己离议论这些题目还差多远？要想在口语和写作考试中获得有意义的分数（6段），应该能达到“侃”的水平。如论述“大城市面临的交通问题的原因、现状、出路”；“在教育孩子的过程中„惩罚‟的作用”；“很多人感到越来越忙，没有闲暇时间，原因是什么，应该怎么办？”。这几个题目是去出现过的雅思作文真题（task 2）。口语题的难度也相差无几，如“论教育对一个民族的重要性”。
之二
雅思考试与我们所熟悉的许多考试的区别之一是，雅思没有语法和词汇题。于是有人认为不懂语法、不认识几个单词也可以考雅思。考过之后才感叹，难！于是赶紧四处打听“有多大的词汇量才能挑战雅思”。
中国学生的习惯是，所有的考试都可以通过“准备”来通过的。
北语雅思想说的是，proficiency tests 是不能“准备”的，至少是不能以“期末复习、考试”那种形式来准备，更不能靠达到“五千”或是“八千”词汇来准备的。北语雅思的所有教师都考过雅思，有的了两次、三次，可是谁也不知道自己有多大的词汇量。什么人关注“自己”的词汇量呢？英语学习还不入门的学生，英语教学还是新手的教师。
还是那句话，考什么，你就应该能够做什么。比如，留学类的阅读的三篇文章都出自原文报刊，如“New Scientist”，那么考生就应该去看和这类杂志在难度、长度、题材有可比性的文章，通过阅读来学习词汇，而不是去背词汇表。读懂这样的文章靠什么？语法、词汇、背景知识等等，但这些都是次要的，主要的、乃至最重要的是：靠日积月累达到的量。
读有难度、长度的文章比背词汇表痛苦的多。背词汇表可以让人有“feel
good”、“我没闲着”的感觉，因为可以通过“量化”来衡量自己的投入与产出。所以，背词汇表的人多，脚踏实地、靠阅读量来学习的人少。
听听womo于2003-3-17在51ielts.com上怎么说的：“环球说得6000-7000，不过我现在手里有三本雅思单词书，发现他们不仅说雅思该有的单词量不同，就连选录的单词也差很远，背完新东方再看环球的，一堆不会。背完环球再看杨凡的，一堆不会”。
把那些“词汇手册”之类的东西都扔了吧。去读、去听！！！
之三
浅谈雅思词汇
这个问题往往是各位准备考雅思的朋友们非常关心的，说起来也很正常。词汇量本身就是衡量英语水平和考试难度的一个尺度，尤其在雅思考试形式比较特殊，没有考试大纲的情况下，对词汇来年量的需求自然倍受关注。很多朋友张口就问，考雅思要不要背单词？背什么单词书？也有很多朋友给我发邮件来询问这个问题。很久没有写关于英语学习的东西了，最近采访了不少刚考完雅思的同学们，今天正好借这个机会和大家讨论一下。
首先要说明一点，本文里面的观点都是针对起点为词汇量在1，500-2，000的基础不是太好的朋友们。换句话说，如果你的起点更低，连最基本的1，500词汇都没有的话，那么我个人认为你是必须要背单词的，没有多少商量的余地。
那么，具备了1，500-2，000的词汇量，到底要不要背单词呢？应该背什么单词呢？下面我就结合雅思考试的特点，分项展开说明。
首先来看看对词汇要求最简单的口语。有关学好口语需要多少词汇量的问题几乎已经被讨论烂了，比较公认的结论应该是500-800日常词汇足矣。换句话说，如果你具备1，000以上的词汇，但口语仍然不好，那请一定不要把原因归结为词汇量不够，也请一定不要把解决办法定位于背单词。其实，除去因为缺乏练习造成的表达不够流利之外，口语不好的主要问题在于对一些小词掌握的不够到位。比如get，take，make这样的动词，搭配上不同的介词，几乎可以表达所有的日常动作。因此，当你觉得你有意思表达不出来时，先不慌查字典找单词，而应该问问自己，你是不是可以用已经学过的很简单的单词和词组来表达这个意思？所以说，为了提高口语，是没有必要专门背单词的，相反，应该把所知道的简单词汇学好，学精。你知道see是看见，是否知道see off是告别？你知道large是大，又知道at large表示逃亡在外么？再次向口语不好的朋友们推荐《学好17个动词走遍天下》，以后千万别动不动就拿起词汇书来背了。
接下来我们看看写作。雅思考试作文的批改方式比较特殊，是analytical scoring，而不是象TOEFL采取的global scoring。什么叫global scoring呢？其实它比较象我们中学时的作文评分方式，就是一眼看上去大概是什么水平，属于哪个档次，就给多少分。那么analytical scoring又是怎么回事呢？我们翻译过来叫做“分项评分”。雅思作文评分有三项：内容结构，连贯衔接，语言质量。每一项分别评分，要注意，在给每一项评分时是不受其他两项影响的。也就是说，哪怕你的文章离题万里，只要文字优美，那么语言那一项也是有可能打8分的。三项加起来除以三，就是一篇作文的最终得分。那么这种分项评分到底有什么好处呢？显然是有的，因为英语作为外语，普遍中国学生写作文时语言水平有限，因此如果把握好文章的内容结构，在连贯方面处理得好，完全可以将最终分数提上去。而把握文章的结构，做好连贯衔接，显然与词汇量的大小丝毫扯不上关系吧？退一步讲，如果要提高写作的语言质量，也几乎不取决于词汇量大小。关于这一点，我在《关于写作的一点个人体会》中详细阐述，这里不再废话。
说起听力，我又要提起我反复强调的一个概念：听力词汇量。听力词汇量区别于阅读词汇量，简单地说，就是不看拼写，仅从发音判断就能确定认识的单词，才属于你的听力词汇量。对于听力水平普遍不高的中国考生，可能听力词汇量还不到阅读词汇量的一半。而雅思听力考试显然要求的是更多的听力词汇量，而不是
阅读词汇。从这一点出发，整天抱着词汇书死背，往纸上反复抄写，对提高听力词汇量有百害而无一益。其次，雅思听力作为考察英语国家生存能力的测试，对日常用语考得非常频繁。雅思听力的特色题目就是填空，简答这样需要动手填写单词的题目。而需要填写的单词往往是日常用词。比如有一次考过jackfruit（菠萝蜜），还考过pomelo（釉子），这样的词生活中很常用，可是好象哪本单词书中都不会收录吧？那么，整日抱着单词书背，意义究竟何在？
最后我们来讨论存在争议最大的阅读问题。
雅思考试的阅读文章往往是从报刊杂志上摘下来的，这样就造成大量的专有名词，以及一些不常用的词汇。这样造成了考生在考试时遇到大量不认识的单词，因此带来的结果就是，很多人马上将自己无法答对题的原因归结为不认识单词，将解决办法归纳为背单词。于是背了刘毅的5000和10000，三个月后满怀信心走入考场，发现不认识的单词比上次还多！很多培训机构也很不负责地拿有些考生的成绩来做虚假宣传，说某某词汇量多少，于是阅读多少分耳耳，好象他的成绩就归功于他词汇量一样。那么，问题究竟出在什么地方？
要了解这一点，首先有必要了解一下雅思阅读的出题原则和思路。雅思阅读是考察从文章中获得有效信息的能力，因此充满生词是必然的，问题在于你能否从中读出对你有用的信息。我可以完全负责任的说，雅思阅读从来不出从上下文推断词义的题目，换句话说，雅思阅读中根本就没有考察词汇量的题！！
象summary，short anwser question这样的题目，只需要你从原文中寻找特定的信息，哪怕它是个专有名词，你不认识，没关系，找出来填进去就是了。对于大多数人来说，最难的题当属T/F/NG，这种题怎么考呢？比如，文中讲Tom is taller than Mary。题目中说Tom is as tall as Mary。那么显然，这道题为FALSE。有人说这太简单了，雅思不会考这么简单的，其实这说明你没有意识到T/F/NG题的精髓所在罢了。对于雅思考试来说，无非就是把TOM，MARY这样的词换成谁都不认识的专有名词来吓唬人而已，因为T/F/NG题根本就不考你的词汇量，它考的是你对句意的把握。而能否正确把握句意，取决于你的语法和句子结构分析能力，与词汇量无关。下面举个真实考试的例子大家就明白了。
文中说&& is a poor predictor,%% is little better than &&.题目说%% is a good predictor.（&&和%%表示两个难词）。好，这个题答案是什么呢？是FALSE。为什么呢？很显而易见，这里的专有名词我都没写出来，认不认识肯定对答题不影响，这里题目考察的是对little better than这个语法结构的理解，你必须知道这个结构，才能正确把握句子的意思。那么什么人需要背单词呢？那就是连
poor，little这样的词都不认识的人才需要背，也就是我开头说的那些基础实在太差，词汇量可能只有三位数的人。而对于很多词汇量并不小的人，由于不认识little better than这个结构，照样无法做对题目。
举个简单的例子，无非是想告诉大家，要看清阅读考试的实质，千万不要轻易将做错题的原因归结为词汇不够。其实造成阅读能力有限的原因是多方面的，主要是阅读速度和对句子结构的分析能力。前者必须通过广泛的阅读来锻炼和提高，而后者，说到底是一个英语基本功是否扎实的问题，冰冻三尺非一日之寒，解决语法问题是慢工夫，并不是背背单词就可以提高英语水平的。
说到这里，很多朋友可能会这样问，你写这个是不是就是要大家把手里的单词书全都扔掉？非也。对于很多已经工作的朋友，或者长时间不接触英语的朋友，找一本合适自己的词汇书看看，是尽快恢复的最好办法之一。背单词的关键在精不在多，对于一个单词，并不是看到它知道中文意思就足够的，如果让你造个句子你会不会用？如果在收音机里听到它你能不能分辨出来？这都是衡量对词汇的掌握程度。因此，反复复习，反复再实践中运用刚学到的单词，才是背单词的正道。
本人是机械背单词的强烈反对者，因此从不推荐词汇参考书。如果非要说起来的话，找一本用法详细，注解丰富（最好有英文注解）的四级词汇书，足矣 ：）
PS：这里我想谈谈很多所谓《雅思词汇》这样的书。郑重其事告诉大家，这种书绝大多数都是不科学的。首先，雅思考试没有明确大纲，只要在英语中出现的词汇，都有出现在卷子上的可能，并没有规定哪些词汇才是所谓“雅思词汇”。很多编者宣称他的书是经过多少多少次对真题的统计得出的结论而搞出来的词频，大家千万不要轻易上当。首先，雅思真题保密工作很好，真题不可能在考场外泄露，而考生离开考场是不准带出一张纸。那么这些所谓的“统计者”，从哪里搞来那么多的真题作为统计材料？用脑子把卷子一字不差背下来？呵呵。其次，由于雅思考试的特殊性，每次考题与上次几乎没有关系，也就是说，一次考题中出现什么单词，与它上次出现与否，下次还会不会出现，是完全没有规律可循的。做这种统计本身就是无意义的。希望广大鸭友们在选取参考书的时候一定要睁大眼睛，千万不要被*商蒙蔽。
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