第一篇：趣味英语---小谜语(经典版)
English Riddles
1.What person tried to make you smile most of the time? A photographer.2.What animal has a head like a cat, eyes like a cat, a tail like a cat, but isn't a cat? A kitten.(小猫)3.What surprising things happen every 24 hours? Day breaks, but doesn't fall;night falls, but doesn't break.4.What room has no walls, no doors, no windows, and no floors? A mushroom.(蘑菇)5.What is smaller than an insect's mouth? Anything it eats.6.What large instrument do you carry in your ears? Drums, that is eardrums.(鼓膜)7.What's too much for one, just right for two, but nothing at all for three? A secret.8.What can hear you without ears and can answer you without a mouth? An echo.(回声)9.What do you know about the kings of France? They are all dead.10.What question can you never answer 'yes“ to” Are you asleep? 11.Why do some old people never use glasses? They must prefer bottles to glasses.12.Why is the person wearing two coats while painting the house? Because the instructions on the paint can say “Put on two coats for best results.” 13.What two words have thousands of letters in them? Post office.14.What do workers do in a clock factory? They make faces all day.15.What 5-letter word has 6 left when you take 2 letters away? Sixty.16.When do you go as fast as a racing car? When you are in it.17.How many sides does a house have? Two-inside and outside.18.What never asks any questions but always gets answers? A doorbell.19.Where did Columbus stand when he discovered America? On his feet.20.When the boy fell into the water, what's the first thing he did? He got wet first of all.21.Who isn't your sister and isn't your brother, but is still a child of your mother and father? I myself.22.What has teeth but cannot eat? A comb.23.What kind of man can raise things without lifting them? A farmer.24.Why does time fly? To get away from all the people who are trying to kill it.25.Name five days of the week without saying: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday.The day before yesterday, yesterday, today, tomorrow, and the day after tomorrow.26.What animal eats and drinks with its tail? All do.No animal takes off its tail when eating and drinking.27.What has a soft bed but never sleeps, a big mouth but never speaks? A river.28.What kind of dog never bite? A hot dog.29.Why does the Statue of Liberty stand in New York Harbor? Because it can't sit down.30.What did one invisible man say to the other invisible man? It's nice not to see you again.31.What wears a cap but has no head? A bottle.32.What rises in the morning and waves all day? A flag.33.What is an astronomer?(天文学家)? A night watchman with a college education.34.How can you tell clocks and watches are shy? Because they always have their hands in front of their faces.35.What is wind? Air in a hurry.36.What comes after the letter “A”? All the other letters.37.What starts with a T, ends with a T, and is full of T? Teapot.38.What word can you make shorter by adding to it? Short.39.What person does every man take his hat off to? A barber.40.Why does the boy carry a ladder to the school? Because he wants to go to high school.41.What can you swallow that can also swallow you? Water.42.What's the difference between a hill and a pill? A hill is hard to get up and a pill is hard to get down.43.Why is it useless to send a letter to Washington? Because he's dead.44.A doctor and a lawyer loved the same girl.The lawyer went away for a week and gave the girl seven apples before he left.Why? Because an apple a day keeps the doctor away.45.What will you do if a man-eating tiger is running after you? Nothing.Because I'm a woman.46.What always travels on foot? A shoe.47.Where can happiness always be found? In the dictionary.48.What is higher without a head than with a head? A pillow.(枕头)49.Why don't you advertise for your lost dog? He can't read.50.On which side does a bird have the most feathers? The outside.51.What is the best thing to keep in hot weather? Cool!52.What is never used until it's broken? An egg.53.What's a skeleton?(骨架)It's a lot of bones without the person on them!54.What is dark but made by light? A shadow.55.What can you break with only one word? Silence.56.What stays indoors no matter how many times you put it out? The light.57.A policeman saw a truck driver going the wrong way down a one-way street, but didn't give him a ticket.Why? Because the truck driver was walking.58.Where can milk be best stored? In a cow.59.Which can move faster, heat or cold? Heat, because you can catch cold easily.60.What's the hardest thing about learning skating? The ice.61.What has cities with no houses, rivers without water and forests without trees? A map.62.What can be measured but has no length, width or thickness? The temperature.63.What makes the Tower of Pisa lean? It never eats.64.Why is writing called handwriting? If people wrote with their feet, we would have to call it footwriting.65.If there were only thre girls in the world, what do you think they would do? Two of them would get together ans talk about the other one.66.How many great men have been born in London? None.Only babies.67.When can you have an empty pocket and still have something in it? When you have a hole in your pocket.68.The greater it is, the less it can be seen.What is it? Darkness.69.The more you take away, the bigger I become.What am I? A hole.70.Who may marry many a wife and stay single all of his life? A priest.(牧师)
第二篇：英语趣味谜语
What animal has a head like a cat, eyes like a cat, a tail like a cat, but isn't a cat? A kitten.(小猫)
What surprising things happen every 24 hours?
Day breaks, but doesn't fall;night falls, but doesn't break.What can hear you without ears and can answer you without a mouth? An echo.(回声)
What do you know about the kings of France? They are all dead.What question can you never answer 'yes“ to” Are you asleep?
Why do some old people never use glasses? They must prefer bottles to glasses.You play with this ——(ball)
You eat with this ——(spoon)
You drink with this ——(straw)
You talk with this ——(mouth)
You look with his ——(glasses)
what man cannot live in a house?
什么人不能住在房子里?
Key： snowman（雪人）
What never asks questions but gets a lot of answers?
什么东西永远不问问题但是却能得到很多答案?
Key： dictionary（字典）
A mouse has a large pocket． What is it?
一种鼠有一个大袋子，它是什么?
Key： a kangaroo（袋鼠）
You have it．You read it．There're some pictures in it?
你拥有它，你可以阅读它，它有些图片在里面，它是什么?
Key： book（书）
One story about Jack，an Irishman，who was not allowed into Heaven because he was stingy with his money.关于万圣节有这样一个故事。是说有一个叫杰克的爱尔兰人，因为他对钱特别的吝啬，就不允许他进入天堂，而被打入地狱。
So he was sent to hell.But down there he played tricks on the Devil（Satan），so he was kicked out of Hell and made to walk the earth forever carrying a lantern.但是在那里他老是捉弄魔鬼撒旦，所以被踢出地狱，罚他提着灯笼永远在人世里行走。Well，Irish children made Jack's lanterns on October 31st from a large potato or turnip，hollowed out with the sides having holes and lit by little candles inside.在十月三十一日爱尔兰的孩子们用土豆和萝卜制作“杰克的灯笼”，他们把中间挖掉、表面上打洞并在里边点上蜡烛。
And Irish children would carry them as they went from house to house begging for food for the village Halloween festival that honored the Druid god Muck Olla.]为村里庆祝督伊德神的万圣节，孩子们提着这种灯笼挨家挨户乞讨食物。The Irish name for these lanterns was “Jack with the lantern” or “Jack of the lantern，” abbreviated as “ Jack-o'-lantern” and now spelled “jack-o-lantern.”The traditional Halloween you can read about in most books was just children's fun night.这种灯笼的爱尔兰名字是“拿灯笼的杰克”或者“杰克的灯笼”，缩写为Jack-o'-lantern。现在你在大多数书里读到的万圣节只是孩子们开心的夜晚。
Halloween celebrations would start in October in every elementary school.在小学校里，万圣节是每年十月份开始庆祝的。
An ox and a dog serve for the same farmer.一头牛和一只狗同时为一个农夫工作。
One day the dog arrogantly says: “How grand I am!In the daytime, I watch out for the cattle in the meadows;at night, I guard the house.But you…” 一天, 狗骄傲地说着；„我是多么重要啊！白天我在牧场看护家群，晚上我看家。而你呢…..?”
“Me? How about me?” the ox says “我？我怎么啦？“牛反问。
“You can only plough or draw a cart,” the dog slightly says.“你只会犁地或是拉车。”狗轻微地说。
“Yes.It‟s true,” the ox says.“But if I don‟t plough, what do you guard?”
“是的。你说得没有错，”牛回答道。“但是如果没有我犁地，你看护什么呢？”
Adding Eyes to a Dragon 画龙点睛
Mr.Li is a good painter.One day he draws a beautiful dragon without eyes.李先生是位很好的画家。一天画了一条栩栩如生的龙，但是这只龙没有眼睛。
Mr.Zhou looks at the picture and says, “The dragon has no eyes.It isn‟t a good picture.” 周先生见了说：“这条龙没有眼睛。这不算一张好画。”
But Mr.Li smiles and says, “If I add eyes to the dragon, it will fly away.” 可是李先生笑着说：“如果我给它加上眼睛，它就会飞走了。”
Mr.Zhou shakes head and says, “You are boasting.I don‟t believe you.” 周先生摇头说：“你吹牛。我不相信。”
Mr.Li isn‟t angry.He holds the paintbrush and adds eyes to the dragon.Wow!The dragon really flies.李先生也不生气，只是拿起笔给龙点上眼睛。哇！龙真的飞走了。
Three Foxes 三只狐狸
Once there were three foxes, they worked together.They lived a happy life.从前有三只狐狸，他们愉快地工作和居住在一起。
Little by little, the youngest fox became lazy, and often quarreled with the other foxes.The eldest had to leave, and the second fox was driven off, too.渐渐地，最小的狐狸变得又懒又坏，经常同其他的两只狐狸争吵，气走了它的大哥和二哥。
Looking at the warm house with a lot of good food in it, the youngest fox smiled.最小的狐狸得意地住在温暖的房子里享受着丰富的食品。
The eldest fox opened a new hill again.The second eldest fox dug a pool.Two of them because rich soon.The youngest fox ate up the food left by the other two foxes.In the end，it felt so cold and hungry that it could not stand up.老大重新开了一块小山坡种地。老二挖了池塘，不久他们过上了富裕的生活。最小的狐狸吃完了那些狐狸留下的所有食物，最后又冷又饿连站也站不起来。
The King and His Stories 国王和他的故事
Once there was a king.He likes to write stories, but his stories were not good.As people were afraid of him, they all said his stories were good.从前有一个国王，他喜欢写故事，但是他写的故事很不好。人们怕他，都说他的故事好。
One day the king showed his stories to a famous writer.He waited the writer to praise these stories.But the writer said his stories were so bad that he should throw them into fire.The king got very angry with him and sent him to prison.有一天国王把他的故事给一名作家看，他想要作家赞扬他的这些故事，而作家说他的故事是如此的差以至于该扔进火里。国王很生气，把他送到监狱。
After some time, the king set him free.Again he showed him some of his new stories and asked what he thought of them.过了些日子，国王给了作家自由。国王重新将自己的一些新故事给作家看并问他感觉怎么样。
After reading them, the writer at once turned to the soldiers and said: “Take me back to prison, please.”
作家看了之后立刻转身对士兵说着；“请把我送回监狱吧。“
The Sports Meeting in the Forest 森林运动会
There are many animals in the forest.Today is a fine day.Animals are having a sport meeting.森林里有很多动物。今天天气晴朗，小动物要举行运动会。
Monkey, fox, panda, rabbit and bear are running.Look!Rabbit is the first.Fox and monkey are the second.Bear is the third.The other animals are shouting, “Bear!Come on!Bear!Come on!” And look there, duck and Pig are doing high jump.Pig is too fat, he can‟t jump very high.So duck is the champion.Here!Cat and squirrel are climbing a tree.Cat is ill.So he is the last, but he does his best.小猴子，狐狸，兔子和小熊在赛跑。看！小兔子得了第一，狐狸和猴子得了第二，小熊得了第三。小动物们都在叫喊：“小熊，加油！小熊，加油！”看那儿，小鸭和小猪在比赛跳高。小猪太胖了，成绩不太理想，所有小鸭得了冠军。看这里！小猫和小松鼠在比赛爬树，小猫生病了，没能拿冠军，但它全力以赴了。
This sports meeting is wonderful.The animals are very happy!运动会可真棒，小动物们多开心啊！
A Smart Tortoise 聪明的乌龟
A tiger is hungry, he is looking for food.He sees a frog in front of him.一只老虎很饥饿，他正在寻找食物。他看到一只青蛙在他前面。
“Haha!A frog!My dinner!” so he rushes at the frog.“哈哈！一只青蛙，我有晚餐啦！”于是，他扑向青蛙。
Behind the tiger, there is a tortoise.The little tortoise sees it;he bites the tiger‟s tail.在老虎的后边，有一只乌龟。小乌龟看见了，他猛咬一下啊老虎的尾巴。
“Ouch!” cries the tiger and he looks back.The frog hears the voice and jumps into water.“哎呦！”老虎疼得叫起来并回头看看。此时青蛙听见了老虎的声音，他迅速跳进水里。
“Thank you, little tortoise.” says the frog.“谢谢你，小乌龟。”青蛙说。
But the tiger is very angry.“Bother it!I‟ll throw you to the sky!” 大事老虎十分愤怒：“讨厌！我要把你扔到天上去。”
“Thank you, I like flying in the sky,” says the tortoise.“谢谢你，我喜欢在天空飞翔。”乌龟说。
The tiger stops, “I will throw you into the river.” 老虎停下来：“那我就把你扔到到水里。”
“Oh, no!I can‟t swim;I will die if you throw me into the water.” The tiger threw the tortoise into the water quickly.“哦，不！我不会游泳，如果你把我扔井水里我会死的。”老虎很快就把乌龟仍进水了。
“Thank you, Mr.Tiger.Bye-bye.” The tortoise and the frog swim away together.“谢谢你，老虎先生，再见！”乌龟和青蛙一起游走了。
Change Name 改名字
Tom is 16.He decides to leave home and joins a music company.汤姆16岁了。她决定离家参加一个唱片公司。
His father hears that angrily, “Singer? My son? It‟s disgraceful!” he shouts, “What do they think of the neighbors know?”
他父亲听后很生气：“唱歌？我的儿子啊！真丢脸。”他大喊，“要是邻居们知道，他们会怎么想？”
“I will change my name,” Tom says.He thinks he will become a singer in the future.“
我会改名字的。”汤姆说。他认为自己将来会成为一名歌手。
“Changing your name?” Tom‟s father shouts angrily, “What if you‟re successful? How will the neighbors know you are my son?”
“改名字？”汤姆的父亲生气地说，“如果你成名了怎么？邻居们怎么知道你是我的儿子？”
Drunk 醉酒
One day, a father and his little son were going home.一天，父亲与小儿子一块儿回家。
At this age, the boy was interested in all kinds of things and was always asking questions.这个孩子正处于那种对什么事都很感兴趣的年龄，老是有提不完的问题。
Now, he asked, “What's the meaning of the word 'Drunk', dad?” 他向父亲发问道：“爸爸，„醉‟字是什么意思？”
“Well, my son,” his father replied, “Look, there are standing two policemen.If I regard the two policemen as four then I am drunk.” “唔，孩子，”父亲回答说，“你瞧那儿站着两个警察。如果我把他们看成了四个，那么我就算醉了。”
“But, dad,” the boy said, “There's only one policeman!” “可是，爸爸，”孩子说，“那儿只有一个警察呀！”
An old man has a cat.The cat is very old, too.He runs very quickly.And his teeth are bad.One evening, the old cat sees a little mouse.He catches it, but he can‟t eat it because his teeth are not strong enough.The mouse runs away.一个年迈的老人养一只猫。这只猫也非常老了。她跑得很快，但是牙齿很糟糕。一天王还是那个，这只老猫看见一只小老鼠。它抓住了小老鼠，但是它却吃不了它，因为它的牙齿不够锋利了。这只小老鼠逃跑了。
The old man is very angry.He beats his cat.He says: “You are a fool cat.I will punish you!” the cat is very sad.He thinks：“When I was young, I worked hard for you.Now you don‟t like me because I‟m too old to work.You should know you are old, too.”
老人很生气，他打了小猫，并且对它说：“你这只蠢猫！我要惩罚你！”猫非常伤心，它想：“在我还年轻的时候，我为你努力工作。现在你却因为我太老了不能工作而不喜欢我。你应该知道你也老了。”
Two coins 两个硬币
A guy says to his friend, “Guess how many coins I have in my pocket.” 路人甲对路人乙说，“猜猜我兜里有几个子儿？”
The friend says, “If I guess right, will you give me one of them?” 路人乙说：“我猜对了，你能给我一个不？”
The first guy says, “If you guess right, I'll give you both of them!” 路人甲说：“你要猜对了，我两个全部给你！”
Eating cake 吃蛋糕
“Tom, what's the matter with your brother?” asked the mother in the kitchen.“He's crying.” “汤姆，你弟弟怎么了？” 妈妈在厨房里问。“他在哭。”
“Oh, nothing, Mum,” replied Tom.“I'm eating my cake.He is crying because I won't give him any.” “没事儿，妈妈，” 汤姆答道。“我在吃我的蛋糕。他哭是因为我不给他吃。”
“But has he finished his own cake?” “他已经吃完自己的了么？”
“Yes.” said Tom.“And he also cried when I was helping him finish that.” “是的。” 汤姆说。“我帮他吃完时，他也哭了。”
Doing Something Wrong 做错事
Daughter: Why are some of your hairs white, Mom? 女儿：妈妈，你为什么有好几根白头发？
Mom: Well, every time that you do something wrong and make me cry or unhappy, one of my hairs turns white.妈妈：每次你做错了事，惹我生气或是流泪，我就会有根头发变白。Daughter: Mom, how come all of grandma‟s hairs are white.女儿：妈妈，为什么外婆的头发都是白的。
Writing Names 写名字
John: Dad, can you write in the dark? 约翰：爸爸，你能在黑暗中写字吗？
Father: I think so.What do you want me to write? 爸爸：应该能，你想我让我写什么？ John: Your name on this report card.约翰：在成绩单上写你的名字。
第三篇：趣味小谜语
趣味小谜语
1.父母出门。（打一化学名词）
2.完璧归赵。（打一化学名词）
3.计算机讲题。（打一化学名词）
4.屡战屡败。（打一化学名词）
5.私人飞机。（打一化学名词）
6.空气流动。（打一化学名词）
7.塑料开关。（打一化学名词）
8.丰衣足食。（打一化学名词）
9.手工作坊。（打一化学名词）
10.物归原主。（打一化学名词）
—— 欲知谜底，请看下期分解
上期答案：1.升华
2.脱水
3.平衡
4.气态
5.溶解度
6.再生
7.可塑性
8.微观
9.惰性
10.自燃
趣味小知识
1.水果解酒之谜
饮酒过量常为醉酒，也称为酒精中毒。醉酒
头晕站立不稳……都是醉酒的先兆，这时需要解多有先兆，语言渐多，舌头不灵，面颊发热发麻，酒。不少人知道，吃一些带酸味的水果或饮服1--2两干净的食醋可以解酒。什么道理呢？
这是因为，水果里含有机酸，例如，苹果里含有苹果酸，柑橘里含有柠檬酸，葡萄里含有酒石酸等，而酒里的主要成分是乙醇，有机酸能与乙醇相互作用而形成酯类物质从而达到解酒的目的。
同样道理，食醋也能解酒是因为食醋里含有3--5%的乙酸，乙酸能跟乙醇发生酯化反应生成乙酸乙酯。尽管带酸味的水果和食醋都能使过量乙醇的麻醉作用得以缓解，但由于上述酯化反应杂体内进行时受到多种因素的干扰，效果并不十分理想。因此，防醉酒的最佳方法是不贪杯。
2.难扑灭的火焰
某工厂仓库中堆放的镁粉正在燃烧，放出耀眼的白光。隔壁就是化学药品仓库，如果不及时扑灭，势必要发生更大的火灾事故。保管员小张用二氧化碳灭火器去灭火，不但没有把火扑灭，反而着得更旺。后来用水浇，也无济于事。最后，还是有经验的消防队员用很普通的方法就把火扑灭了，避免了一场重大的火灾发生。请读者们想一想，消防队员是用什么方法把火扑灭的？
答案：
有经验的消防队员用大量的黄沙去灭火，使燃烧的镁粉与空气隔绝，达到灭火的目的。为什么只能用黄沙呢？因为二氧化碳会和镁反应。镁可以在二氧化碳中燃烧生成氧化镁和单质碳。在高温下镁也可以和水反应生成氧化镁和氢气。
3.“宝刀”的秘密
我国古代很讲究使用钢刀，优质锋利的钢刀称为“宝刀”。战国时期，相传越国就有人制造“干将”、“莫邪”等宝刀宝剑，那真是锋利无比，“削铁如泥”，头发放在刃上，吹口气就会断成两截。当然，传说难免有点夸张，但是“宝刀” 锐利却是事实。过去只有少数工匠掌握生产这类“宝刀”的技术。现在我们通过科学研究知道，制造这类“宝刀”的主要秘密就是其中含有钨、钼一类的元素。
事实上，往钢里加进钨和钼，那怕只要很少的一点点，比如百分之几甚至千分之几，就会对钢的性质产生重大的影响。这个事实直到十九世纪中叶才被人们所认识，接着大大地促进了钨、钼工业的发展。有计划地往普通钢里加进一种或几种象钨、钼一类的元素---合金元素，就能制造出各种性能优异的特殊钢材---合金钢。
趣味小故事
女儿国之迷
《西游记》中描写了唐僧一行西去取经路过女儿国的故事。笔者不相信真有其事，如果果真如此，那么怎能繁衍生代？种族灭绝，也不存在了。
这里借“女儿国”之名，来说明化学土元素对生男育女确有影响。
曾在广东有某一山区的村寨里，前数年连续出生的尽是女孩，人们急了，照这样下去，这个地区岂不会变成女儿国了吗？有的人求神佛，也济于事。
有们位风水老者开言到：“地质队在后龙山寻矿，把龙脉破坏了，这是坏了风水的报应啊！”于是，迷信的村民，千方百计地找到了原来在此地探矿的地质队，闹着要他们赔“风水”。地质队又回到了这个山寨，进行了深入的调查，终于找到了原因。原来是在探矿的时候，钻机把地下含铍的泉水引了出来，扩散了铍的污染，使饮用水的铍含量大为提高，长时间饮用这种水，而导致生女而不生男。经过治理，情况得到了好转，在“女儿国”里又出生男孩了。
第四篇：趣味小谜语
趣味小谜语
1.蒸蒸日上的新中国。（打一化学名词）
2.上岸。（打一化学名词）
3.势均力敌。（打一化学名词）
4.怒发冲冠。（打一化学名词）
5.冰河消尽始行舟。（打一化学名词）
6.死去活来。（打一化学名词）
7.能屈能伸。（打一化学名词）
8.小处着眼。（打一哲学名词）
9.好逸恶劳。（打一化学名词）
10.引火烧身。（打一化学名词）
—— 欲知谜底，请看下期分解
上期答案：1.碘 2.钴 3.钾 4.锶 5.铋钼 6.氙 7.锌磷镁
8.铁或铥 9.钛 10.汞
趣味小知识
1.能用来织布的石头
石头是我们随处可见的东西。盖房于会用到它；铺马路会用到它。可是，你听说过吗？坚硬的石头也能像棉花一样用来织布？
首先，让我们来看一看用棉花是怎样织布的。原来在每一朵雪白的花絮里，有着许许多多一根根极细的细丝，这种细丝叫做纤维。布就是利用这种纤维纺织而成的。
大约在4500年以前，古代的埃及人和美索不达米亚人，开始有目的地用石头来烧制玻璃。石头织布也可以说是石头制玻璃的发展。因为石头织布首先就是将砂岩和石灰等轧碎，放到窑炉里去，再加进一些化学原料，用高温把它们熔化成液体，然后把它拉成玻璃纤维，玻璃纤维和玻璃虽然原料相同，但由于玻璃纤维细得有时连肉眼都看不见，所以增强了曲挠性能，像雪白的蚕丝那样能纺纱，织成布。这种布叫做玻璃布。由于它具有耐高温、耐潮湿、耐腐蚀等许多特性。因此，它越来越多地在电气、化工、航空、建筑等部门代替原来所用的棉布和绸缎呢。
2.身轻顽皮的锂
锂是一种柔软的银白色的金属,别看它的模样跟有些金属差不多,性格特点可不同一般哩!首先它特别的轻,是所有金属中最轻的一个.其次它生性活泼,爱与其他物质结交.例如,将一小块锂投入玻璃器皿中,塞上磨砂塞,里边会通过反应很快耗尽器皿内的空气是它成为真空.结果,纵然你使上九牛二虎之力,也别想把磨砂塞拔出来.显然,对于这样一个顽皮的家伙,要保存它是十分困难的,它不论是在水里,还是在煤油里,都会浮上来燃烧.化学家们最后只好把它强行捺入凡士林油或液体石蜡中,把它的野性禁锢起来,不许它惹事生非.锂被人发现已有170多年了.在他出世后的100多年中,它主要作为抗痛风药服务于医学界.直到20世纪初,锂才开始步入工业界,崭露头角.如锂与镁组成的合金,能像点水的蜻蜓那样浮在水上,既不会在空气中失去光泽,又不会沉入水中,成为航空,航海工业的宠儿.此外,锂还在尖端技术方面大显身手.例如,氘化锂是一种价廉物美的核反应堆燃料;固体火箭燃料中含有51-68%的锂.不过,专家们认为,锂的才能目前没有得到全面的发挥,它的潜力还大着呢!
3.像玻璃那样的金属
看了这个题目，你一定会奇怪：玻璃和金属是两种截然不同的材料，风马牛不相及，为什么要硬把它们扯在一起呢？但看了下面的介绍，你便会明白。
什么是金属玻璃玻璃是大家熟悉的材料，在房屋建筑、室内装潢、日常生活等方面人们都要用到玻璃制品。玻璃的主要成分是硅酸钠和硅酸钙，故属于硅酸盐材料。
你知道玻璃瓶是怎样制造的吗？工人们首先将玻璃加热，随着温度的升高，玻璃逐渐软化、熔融，成为一种糊状体；他们再将压缩空气经过管道通入糊状体，像吹肥皂泡一样，把小泡泡变成大泡泡；最后依靠模具的帮助获得具有一定形状的玻璃瓶。从上述过程中我们可以看出，玻璃从液态到固态是连续变化的，没有明确的分界线，即没有固定的凝固点（或熔点），这是因为固态玻璃与液态玻璃相似，原子都呈无序的紊乱排列。
在通常的情况下，液态金属冷却凝固时，原子按一定的规则排列，成为晶体，所以金属凝固又称金属结晶。金属的许多特性都是由其内部的晶体构造决定的。
1960年，美国科学家皮·杜威等首先发现某些液态贵金属合金（如金硅合金）在冷却速度非常快的情况下，当金属内部的原子来不及“理顺”位置，仍处于无序的紊乱状态时，便马上凝固了，成为非晶态金属。这些非晶态金属材料具有类似玻璃的某些结构特征，故又称为“金属玻璃”。金属玻璃具有许多独特而宝贵的性能，是一种极有发展前途的新型金属材料，并已在生产中初露锋芒，得到一定的应用。它的出现具有深刻的理论意义，它为金属学增添了新鲜内容，可说引起了金属材料发展史上的一场革命。
趣味小故事
“乌拉尼特”
德国南部出产一种矿物，从十八世纪上半叶起，就有许多矿物学家试图对它进行分类，但意见很不一致。有的认为它是锌矿，有的则把它归入铁矿。1781年发现了新元素钨以后，还有人认为这种矿物中含有钨。
1789年，德国化学家克拉普罗特对这种矿物进行了全分析。他用硝酸处理这种矿物，得到一种黄色溶液，向这种溶液中加入“钾碱”进行中和时，便析出一种黄色沉淀。沉淀物的性质与所有已知元素相应化合物的性质很不一样，所以克拉普罗特认为它是一种新元素的“氧化物”。于是，克拉普罗特将这种“氧化物”与碳放在一起，加热到很高温度，企图把这种“氧化物”还原成金属。他确实得到了一种金属态的黑色物质，这种黑色物质的化学性质与所有已知元素的化学性质不同，因此克拉普罗特认为自己发现了一种新的元素。1789年9月4日，克拉普罗特报告了自己的发现，题目是“乌拉尼特(Uranit)——一种新的半金属”。他之所以将“新元素”命名为“乌拉尼特”，是为了纪念八年前新行星——天王星(Uranus)的发现。次年，克拉普罗特将“新元素”改称为铀(Uranium)，他说：“我根据类推法将该新金属的名称由乌拉尼特改为铀”，于是铀的历史就这样开始了。这种“新元素”的发现确实引起了许多化学家的兴趣，不少人对它进行了研究。但实际上，“新元素”不是元素而是化合物。在长达半个世纪的时间内，竟没有人认识到这一点。
克拉普罗特本人一直到死，仍然深信自己发现并分离出了铀元素。曾有少数人对克拉普罗特的结论表示过怀疑，认为“乌拉尼特”可能是一种化合物。例如瑞典著名化学家贝采利乌斯，就曾试图用纯钾来还原“乌拉尼特”，但末成功；同一时期，阿弗维特逊也曾用氢来还原“乌拉尼特”以及铀和钾的一种二元氯化物，但得到的最终产品依然是“乌拉尼特”。
直到1841年，法国化学家佩里戈特才揭开了“乌拉尼特”的秘密，证实“乌拉尼特”确是铀的化合物而不是元素铀。佩里戈特将“乌拉尼特”同碳一起加热，并通入氯气，从而得到一种升华出来的氯化铀结晶体。奇怪的是，生成氯化铀所消耗的“乌拉尼特”和氯气的总量竟是化学计算量的110％，而且在气态产物中还含有二氧化碳。这说明，“乌拉尼特”原来是一种金属氧化物。证实这一结论的实验有很多，例如使四氯化铀水解，得到的产物是“乌拉尼特”和氯化氢，这表示“乌拉尼特”是化合物而不是元素。为了得到元素铀，佩里戈特采用的也是钾还原法。但他是还原四氯化铀，而不象贝采利乌斯那样还原“乌拉尼特”。佩里戈特将四氯化铀同钾放一起，放在白金坩锅中加热。因为需要将反应物加热到白热状态，所以这是一个有危险的实验。为了谨慎起见，他把一只小白金坩锅放在一只大白金坩锅里，当小坩锅中的物质开始反应的时候，便立刻把火源熄灭，以免金属钾从白金坩锅中飞溅出来，发生事故。等到激烈的反应变得和缓了，再对白金坩锅加强热，以除去其中所剩余的钾，并使已被还原出来的铀聚结。待到冷却后，用水将其中所含的氯化钾溶解而除去。结果，在留下的黑色残渣中找到了银白色的金属铀颗粒。
至此，一种新的化学元素铀——化学元素中的“天王星”，经过半个多世纪的孕育，才真正诞生了。
第五篇：英语小谜语
1.What is clean when it is black and dirty when it is white?
2.What has a round face and two thin hands, one hand short, one hand long? 3.What is big and bright during the day and we can’t see it at night? 4.I am small.I can fly.I like singing in the sky.What am I? 5.Which letter is a drink?
6.Which letter is around an island? 7.Which letter is an animal?
8.Which letter is a kind of vegetable? 9.Which is the longest English word? Why? 10.Which letter is a question?
11.Which letter is a part of your face?
12.I am very big and heavy.I have a long nose and big ears.What am I ? 13.I am the tallest animal in the world.What am I ?
14.I live in the sea.I am the biggest animal in the sea.What am I ? 15.What do you call your father’s father’s only son? 16.What is the biggest ant in the world? 17.What is in the middle of the world?
18.What do you call your father-in-law's only child's mother-in-law? 19.What is the smallest room in the world?
20.Teachers write on me with chalk.I can’t talk.What am I ?
21.You have it.You read it.There are some words and pictures on it.What is it?
22.Sometimes it looks like a boat.Sometimes it looks like a small white sun.What is it?
23.You throw away the outside and cook the inside.Then you eat the outside and throw away the inside.What did you eat?
24.What goes around the world but stays in a corner?
25.Give me food, and I will live;give me water, and I will die.What am I? 26.What can run but never walks, has a mouth but never talks, has a head but never weeps, has a bed but never sleeps?
27.I fly, but I have no wings.I cry, but I have no eyes.28.How many letters are in the alphabet?
29.I am always with you.Sometimes behind you, sometimes before you, sometimes by your side, but you can’t see me in the dark.30.What table is in the field?
31.What table can tell you what to do? 32.What changes a pear into a pearl? 33.What letter makes a road broad? 34.When do 2 and 2 make more than 4?
35.I have cities but no houses, forests but no trees, rivers without water.What am I?
36.What kind of dog doesn't bite or bark?
37.I am everywhere in the earth.Without me, you have to die.What am I ? 38.I can’t walk.I can’t fly.I can swim.What am I ?
39.I am green in spring and yellow in autumn.Birds like me and people like me.What am I ?
40.Chicken grows from it.What is it?
41.It’s very small in the sky, but it’s actually very big.What is it? 42.It’s a colourful bridge in the sky.What is it? 43.Why do lions eat raw meat(生肉)？ 44.Why is six afraid of seven?
45.A woman has 7 children, half of them are boys.How can this be possible?
46.I am white.You can drink me.I am in the dairy group.What am I ? 47.I am green or red.I am spicy and hot.I am in the vegetable group.What am I ?
48.I am a kind of fruit, green outside and red inside.What am I ? 49.I am a kind of fruit, yellow outside and white inside with small black seeds.What am I ?
50.I am orange.I am thin and long.Rabbits like me very much.What am I ? 51.David was out for a walk when it started to rain.He did not have an umbrella and he wasn't wearing a hat.His clothes were soaked, yet not a single hair on his head got wet.How could this happen?
SOLUTIONS
1.blackboard 2.a clock 3.the sun 4.a bird 5.T(tea)6.C(sea)7.B(bee)8.P(pea)9.smiles(There’s a mile between the first and the last letter.)10.Y(why)11.I(eye)12.an elephant 13.a giraffe
14.the whale 15.father/daddy 16.an elephant 17.the letter “r” 18.mom 19.mushroom 20.a blackboard 21.a book 22.the moon 23.chicken 24.stamp 25.fire 26.river 27.cloud 28.eight 29.shadow 30.vegetable 31.timetable 32.“L” 33.“b” 34.(22)35.a map 36.hot dog 37.air 38.fish 39.a tree 40.an egg
41.a star/ the sun/ the moon 42.a rainbow 43.Because they can’t cook.44.Because seven eight(ate)nine.45.Because all of her children are boys.46.milk 47.pepper 48.a watermelon 49.a banana 50.a carrot 51.Because he’s bald.
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