第一篇：研究生英语阅读大观部分文章稿03.Your Speech is Changing-24
3.Your Speech is Changing If a contemporary Rip Van Winkle had slept for forty years and awakened today, he would have to go back to school before he could understand a daily newspaper or a magazine.He would never have heard of atomic bombs, baby sitters, flying saucers or contact lenses-nor of mambo, microfilms, nylons, or smog.Many new words have been added to the English language in the past forty years;and since Shakespeare’s time the number of words in the language has increased more than five times, from about 14,000 to somewhere between 700,000 and 800,000.Most of these new words have not come from borrowing, but from the nature growth of the language.The language has always changed, but the rate of the change has been uneven;minor changes have slowly accumulated in every generation, but there have been periods of rapid changes as well.The most important of these periods occurred during the two hundred and fifty years after 1066, the year the Normans conquered England.Before the conquest, the inhabitants in England spoke Anglo-Saxon, a complex Germanic language.The Normans were Norsemen who, after generation of raiding, had settled in northern France in the tenth century and by 1066 were speaking a form of French.After their conquest of England they instituted Norman French as the dominant language—the language of the upper class, of law, of government, and of such commerce as there was.Nevertheless, the masses went right on speaking Anglo-Saxon.By about three hundred years after the Norman conquest, Anglo-Saxon had re-established itself as the language of the upper class, as English, and had become a flexible, exact splendid, and moving instrument of expression.Norman French, meanwhile, had become something comic, spoken by the villain in the old mystery plays just for a laugh.The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, during which printing became established, saw the stabilization of spelling and, more important, the establishment of colonies in America.Immediately, the language of the New Word and that of the Old World began to draw apart.In writing, too, a change has taken place.The use of the colloquial in American writing is increasing rather than diminishing.The increasing use of the colloquial in our writing is an interesting change that is bound to have far-reaching consequences.The enormous of enlargement of our vocabulary, the increasing use in our writing of the spoken idiom, and changes in our pronunciation are not the only changes that are taking place, however.There have also been significant grammatical alterations in our language.Such changes take place only by generations or decades at the fastest, so they pass unnoticed by all but grammarians;yet even the layman can perceive them when he is told that something that seems “quite all right” to him was regarded as erroneous only a few years ago.Nobody knows why all these changes are been made, perhaps we are in the process of reducing our verbs to a few basic words.If this is so, it may mark a change as significant as that which took place after the Norman conquests.Whatever the reasons for the changes that are taking place, the vocabulary will probably continue to expand, because the expansion of our knowledge and experience requires the invention of new words or the adaptation of old ones.Meaning will depend more and more upon word order and context, spelling will become simpler, with fewer common variants.Pronunciation, because of the great mobility of our population and the spread of radio and television, will tend to become more uniform.
第二篇：研究生英语阅读大观部分文章稿19.What is Religion
19.What is Religion? No simple definition can describe the numerous religions in the world.For many people, religion is an organized system of beliefs, ceremonies, practices, and worship that center on supreme God, or the Deity.For many others, religion involves a number of gods, or deities.Some people have a religion in which no specific God or gods are worshiped.There are also people who practice their own religious beliefs in their own personal way, largely independent of organized religion.But almost all people who follow some of religion believe that a divine([di'vain])power created the world and influences their lives.People practice religion for several reasons.Many people throughout the world follow a religion simple because it is part of the heritage of their culture, tribe, or family.Religion gives many people a feeling of security because they believe that a divine power watches over them.These people often ask the power for help or protection.Numerous people follow a religion because it promises them salvation and either happiness or the sense of individual fulfillment and gives meaning to life.In addition, religion provides answers to such questions as “what is the purpose of life? What is the final destiny of a person? What is the difference between the right and wrong? And what are one’s obligations to other people?” Finally, many people follow a religion to enjoy a sense of kinship with their fellow believers.There are thousands of religions in the world.The eight major ones are Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, Shinto, and Taoism.Of these eight religions, Hinduism, Shinto, and Taoism developed over many countries.Each of the other religions traditionally bases its faith on the life or teachings of specific individuals.They are Prince Siddhartha Gautama, who became known as Gautama Buddha, for Buddhism;Jesus Christ for Christianity;Confucius for Confucianism;Muhammad for Islam;and Abraham and Moses for Judaism.The religions that trace their history to individuals follow a general pattern of development.During the individual’s lifetime or soon after his death, a distinctive system of worship ceremonies grew up around his life and teaching.This system, called a cult, became the basis of the religion.The heart of the cult is the individual’s teaching.In addition to inspiring worship, the individual represents an ideal way of life that followers try to imitate.The teachings of religions have shaped the lives of people since prehistoric times.Judaism, Islam, and especially Christianity([,kristi'æniti])have been major influences in the formation of Western culture.These three faiths, particularly Islam, have also played a crucial role in the development of Middle Eastern culture.The cultures of Asia have been shaped by Buddhism, Confucianism, Hinduism, Shinto, and Taoism.Religion has been a supreme source of inspiration in the arts.Some of the most beautiful buildings in the world are houses of worship.Much of the world’s greatest music is religious.Religious stories have provided countless subjects for painting, sculptures, literature, dances, and motion pictures.
第三篇：研究生英语阅读大观部分文章稿——21.Religious Beliefs on Nature
21.Religious Beliefs on Nature Taoism and Sustainable DevelopmentThe modern thought of sustainable development has, actually, stemmed from people’s growing understanding of and their deep concern about environmental problems.In fact, a variety of views and ideas on sustainable development have also been embodied in the principles, doctrines and practices of Taoism.The Taoist idea of “cherishing human beings and treasuring life” does not, however, entail(把……给以)upon men the privilege to put themselves above nature.Instead, it requires mankind to live in harmony with nature, under the principle that man is an integral(组成的)part of nature.To grasp such a dialectical relationship is of crucial importance in today’s drive to achieve a sustainable development.Buddhism and Ecological EnvironmentBuddhist theory of “pratityasamutpāda” emphasize the importance of relations in different things and points out that there are no things which are isolated.The theory of “Connection Among Three Worlds” and other theories are the way for Buddhism to link up subject and object.The real intention of Dharma is to establish an equal circle of life between human beings living things and nonliving things.According to the Buddhist belief, the transformation of the external environment and the realization of an ideal environment are set up on the reform of the subjective world of man.The environmental crisis today is namely the result of human deviation from the Buddhist principle.The Buddhist Ecological Views and Practice The Buddhist ecological views are mainly embodied in its attitudes toward nature, life and ideal.The Buddhist ecological practices not only provide the Buddhists with the way of self-improvement and guide them toward their adaptation to the community and their service to the masses, but also demonstrate that the way to achieve global ecological protection depends on enhancing the people’s understanding and participation.Islamic Ecological Outlook and Its Modern SignificanceThe Islamic culture’s outlook of a harmonious ecology and ties brilliant success achieved through integration(结合)with other cultures and in the spirit of modern science will be revitalized(复活)to demonstrate important spiritual value in overcoming ecological crisis and facilitating sustainable development.And it will also contribute in encouraging people to create an ecologically harmonious world, featuring luxuriant(丰富的)forests crystal-clear lakes, paradise of chirping birds and gardens of fragrant(香的)flowers in the new century.The Contribution of Taoists to the Protection of Ecological EnvironmentThe age-old Chinese Taoism has been contributing to the development of human civilization, over the past two millenniums, through the development of its rich ideals, culture and religious legacy(遗产).Taoists of all ages have taken Nature as the fundamental theme of their faith and religious practice, and so have made active contribution to protecting the natural ecological environment.Carry Forward the Ideal of Taoism, Protect Ecological Environment and Benefit MankindAs an ecological crisis worsens around the world, more and more people have realized that the environment problem is not merely a result of over zealous(狂热的)industrial and technological development, but is an issue closely related to people’s world outlook, values and knowledge system.We hold that only when the Taoist belief of “letting things take their own nature course” takes root at the heart of all people and is earnestly practiced, can the world’s ecological crisis be thoroughly resolved and mankind’s eternal welfare be preserved.Love Nature, Respect LifeTaoism, an old-aged Chinese religion, views the mankind and nature as a harmonious unit, and that all matters on earth bear the character of truth and possesses the right and value to exist.It regards protection of the natural environment an essential part of its religious practice, and holds that the natural ecological valance must be preserved.It advocates(主张)that men should take the limit of endurance of the natural ecological environment into full consideration during economic development, and enhance people’s consciousness of the harmonious co-existence with nature.It also respects life, opposes war and killing and advocates peaceful co-existence of all races, ethnic nationalities and religions.
第四篇：研究生英语演讲比赛稿
Economical Globalization & Development of China
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, my name is Zhang Botao, I am from Shaanxi University of Science & Technology.When I stand here to deliver my speech, I’m a little worried about my cell phone and also yours.I’m afraid that one of them may suddenly ring loudly so that my fascinating speech will probably be interrupted by SIMENS, NOKIA, MOTOROLA or pANDA.And this is just one possible result caused by economic globalization.No matter if you admit it or not, we are now all in a global village and economic globalization is here to stay.Nowadays, economic globalization is being referred to more and more.I don’t know who first invented the word, but undoubtedly, it is steadily and inexorably becoming more and more common and important.It covers our world so quickly, just like influenza.As Charles Darwin noted: Survival of the fittest.In order to adapt to this great and global reform, I think, there must be something important and urgent we need to do, for every nation, every corporation, and even to every person.First, take me for an example.Just ten years ago, I did not know what a computer was, let alone what it can do.But since 2001, I cannot live without my computer, just like I can’t live without my cell phone!Of course, these great changes are derived from economic globalization, and the rapid development of China.For every Chinese man like me, these rapid changes mean great challenge: Because of economic globalization, many new technologies rushed into China without translation;Because of economic globalization, many unknown software appeared on our desks;And, because of the economic globalization, we must hasten our rhythm of living, working and even resting.The speed of the development of China has been tremendously accelerated, so if we don’t want to be elapsed from this great tidal wave of development, we must understand the meaning of this phrase very clearly: One is never too old to learn.Second, to an enterprise in China, it also means a problem concerning survival.Our entrance to WTO has paved the way for many super universal corporations to enter the economic market of China.This means the competition in our domestic market will be much more brutal than ever before.If our state enterprises and other companies don’t adjust to this global reform and get used to the more and more cruel competition, surely they will be elapsed in this blood-red economic battle.If you want your company to stand up at last, I think the most important thing for you to do is that, “Firm your confidence and welcome the great coming challenge.”
Third, as globalization is gradually knitting separate national economies into a single one, if one nation would like to stand up and develop during these global changes, it must effectively carry out some economical and political reforms.For example, reducing the tax to attract more international organizations to invest in our country, or do some political reforms, to cater for some important international organizations.Maintaining an average 8% economic increase rate per year needs not only effective and promising economic policy, but also the prudent leadership.Economic globalization brings us not only a great challenge, but also a great chance to develop.It brings us a great potential of international corporations and makes them take roots and develop in China.And this will create new job opportunities for our huge labor market.If we can strengthen ourselves and take the chance, I promise, China’s development will be hastened greatly, and China will become the leader of economic globalization of the world!
by botao
第五篇：研究生英语下课后翻译部分
以下内容为笔者整理的书后translation部分的书上例子和习题，如有错误请批评指正。Unit1 举例：
1.I had so worked upon my imagination as really to believe that about the whole mansion and domain there hung an atmosphere peculiar to themselves and their immediate vicinity— an atmosphere which had no affinity with the air of heaven, but which had reeked up from the decayed trees, and the grey wall, and the silent tarn—a pestilent and mystic vapor, dull, sluggish, faintly discernible, and leaden-hued.(Edgar Allan Poe: “The Fall of the House of Usher”)
译文： 我如此沉湎于自己的想象，以至于我实实在在地认为那宅院及其周围悬浮着一种它们所特有的空气。那种空气并非生发于天地自然，而是生发于那些枯树残枝、灰墙暗壁，生发于那一汪死气沉沉的湖水。那是一种神秘而致命的雾霭，阴晦，凝滞，朦胧，沉浊如铅。2.She had a very thin face like the dial of a small clock seen faintly in a dark room in the middle of a night when you waken to see the time and see the clock telling you the hour and the minute and the second, with a white silence and a glowing, all certainty and knowing what it has to tell of the night passing swiftly on toward further darkness but moving also toward a new sun.(Ray Douglas Bradbury: Fahrenheit 451)译文：（她的）容貌那么清秀，就像半夜里醒来时在黑暗中隐约可见的小小的钟面，报告时刻的钟面。它皎洁而安静，深知时间在飞驰，深信黑暗虽然越来越深沉，却也越来越接近新生的太阳。练习：
1.I’ve been spared a lot, one of the blessed of the earth, at least one of its lucky, that privileged handful of the dramatically prospering, the sort whose secrets are asked, like the hundred-year-old man.译文：我一直活得无忧无虑，深得上帝垂爱，至少算个幸运儿，少数人才享有的尊荣富贵，我垂手得之。就像百岁人瑞总有人讨教，我的秘诀也总有人探询。
2.And so Franklin Roosevelt found that he had, in effect, to recruit an entirely new and temporary government to be piled on top of the old one, the new government to get the tanks and airplanes built, the uniforms made, the men and women assembled and trained and shipped abroad, and the battles fought and won.译文：富兰克林· 罗斯福因此意识到他必须招募新班人马，组建临时机构来补强不能胜任的旧政府。新成立的政府机构专门负责建造坦克飞机，定制军服，招募培训战士。这些战士将被派往前线，去赢得一场场的战争。unit2 举例：
1.It is well known that animals cannot be maintained in good health on diets which will supply the necessary calories together with protein, fat and mineral requirements, if certain accessory food factors, the vitamins, are absent from the diet.译文：动物的食物缺乏维生素这类附加成分时，即使还有蛋白质、脂肪和无机物，而且能供给必需的热量，也不能保持动物的健康，这是人所熟知的事实。
2.I was on my way home from tramping about the street, my drawings under my arm, when I found myself in front of the Mathews Gallery.译文：我挟着书稿在街上兜了一圈，回家的路上无意中发现自己逛到马太书廊的门口。3.The idea that she had that helpless and gentle creature to protect, gave additional strength to the natural courage of the honest Irishman.(W.M.Thackeray: Vanity Fair)译文：这厚道的爱尔兰女人本来有胆量；她一想起这个无能的、温柔的小东西需要她来保护，越发添了勇气。练习：
1.Such is human nature in the West that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higherpay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers.译文：许多人宁愿牺牲比较高的工资以换取成为白领工人的社会地位，这在西方倒是人之常情。
2.Cosmopolitan Shanghai was born to the world in 1842 when the British man-of-war Nemesis, slipping unnoticed into the mouth of the Yangtze River, reduced the Wusong Fort and took the city without a fight.译文：1842 年英国战舰尼米西斯号悄悄潜入长江口，击毁吴淞炮台，不费一枪一卒占据了上海，国际化的上海就此诞生了。
3.A study of the letter leaves us in no doubt as to the motives behind it.译文：研究了一下那封信，我们毫不怀疑该信是别有用心的。
4.The happiness—the superior advantages of the young women round about her, gave Rebecca inexpressible pangs of envy.译文：丽贝卡看见她周围的小姐那么有福气，享受种种优越的权利，真是说不出的妒忌。5.Poor Joe’s panic lasted for two or three days;during which he did not visit the house.译文：乔继续恐慌了两三天；其间这可怜虫都不肯回家。unit3 举例：
1.The meeting was not held due to the airline strike.It was held to discuss the impact an aging society would have on our environment.译文：不是因为航空公司罢工才举行会议的。召开这个会议是为了讨论老龄化社会对环境造成的影响。
2.There was nothing to do in Loma in the evening except to go to the saloon, an old board building with swinging doors and a wooden side walk awning.Neither prohibition nor repeal had changed its business, its clientele, or the quality of its whisky.In the course of an evening every male inhabitant of Loma over fifteen years old came at least once to the Buffalo Bar, had a drink, talked a while and went home.There would be a game of the mildest kind of poker going on.Timothy Ratz, the husband of my landlady, would be playing solitaire, cheating pretty badly because he took a drink only when he got it out.I’ve seen him get out five minutes in a row.When he won he piled the cards neatly, stood up and walked with great dignity to the bar.Fat Carl, the owner and bartender, with a glass half filled before he arrived, asked, “What’ll it be?”
“Whisky,” said Timothy gravely.译文：在洛曼小镇，晚饭后除了去镇上唯一的那家酒馆便无事可做。酒馆是一座老式的木制建筑，有一扇转门，门前人行道上方有一块木制雨篷。无论是政府的禁酒令还是后来废除禁酒令的法令都未曾改变过它生意的兴隆、顾客的数量，也未曾改变过它威士忌的质量。每天晚饭后，镇上十五岁以上的男子至少要光顾布法罗酒馆一次，喝杯酒，聊聊天，然后回家。
酒馆里常有人玩扑克牌，不过其输赢聊胜于无。我那位房东太太的丈夫蒂莫西•罗兹就经常在那里玩单人纸牌游戏。他玩牌老爱作弊，因为他只在赢牌时才买上一杯酒喝。我曾见过他一口气连赢五盘。赢牌后他便把纸牌整整齐齐地叠好，然后直起身，神气十足地走向吧台。酒馆老板兼伙计胖子卡尔不等他走近吧台便会端起已斟了半杯酒的酒杯问：“来杯什么酒？”
“威士忌。”蒂莫西总是庄重地回答。练习：
1.I am a journalist, not a historian, and while this book is an effort to describe a moment in the past, it is less a work of history than of personal reminiscence and reflection.Essentially, it is an account of my own observations and experiences in wartime Washington, supplemented by material drawn from interviews and other sources.I have tried to create out of it all a portrait of the pain and struggle of a city and a government suddenly called upon to fight, and to lead other nations in fighting, the greatest war in history, but pathetically and sometimes hilariously unprepared to do so.译文：我是新闻工作者，不是历史学家，所以本书描写的虽然是过往岁月中的一刻，却称不上是一部史学著作，而仅是个人的追思。书中所写的主要是战争期间我本人在华盛顿的观察和经历，辅以采访等材料。我试图刻画一个城市和一个政府的痛苦与挣扎，这个城市和政府突然被要求参加战争，还要在战争中领导别的国家，参与的又是有史以来最伟大的战争，实在是有些措手不及，因此表现得很糟糕，有时甚至很可笑。
2.This is bound to be somewhere close to the last reporting from that period based on firsthand sources.One after another, with unsettling rapidity, those in positions of power and responsibility during World War II are passing from the scene.Several who agreed to recall and describe their experiences in the war years died before I could get to them.译文：这几乎肯定是以第一手资料写成的、有关那个时期的最后一场报道。二战中位高权重的人物一个接一个很快去世，实在令人不安。有几位原本已经答应回忆并讲述一下他们在二战中的经历，可我还没来得及拜访，他们就离开了人世。
3.I have not dealt here in any detail with the grand strategy of the war in Europe and the Pacific.Instead, I have tried to report mainly on what I saw and heard and learned in Washington during years now fading into a misty past, the wartime experience of a country two-thirds of whose people are now too young to remember any of it.The result is a sort of Our Town at war, the story of a city astonished and often confused to find itself at the center of a worldwide conflict without ever hearing a shot fired.A strange city, set up in the first place to be the center of government and, like government itself at that time, a city moving slowly and doing little.译文：我在本书中没有对欧洲及太平洋战区中的宏大战略做详尽的描述。相反，我主要报道了那些年我在华盛顿的所见所闻。这些往事已经在人们的记忆中变得越来越模糊，对于那场战争，这个国家中有三分之二的人都太年轻，对它并无记忆。结果，本书描写的就是一个以战争为背景的“我们的小镇”，讲的是一个城市在根本没有听到一声枪响的情况下，就卷入了一场全球性冲突，因而变得很惊愕，常常也很困惑。这是一个不同寻常的城市，设立时主要是想将它建成政府的中心，因此这个城市便和当时的政府一样，行动十分缓慢，所做相当有限。
unit4【缩译法】 举例：
1.Darkness came down on the field and the city: And Amelia was praying for George, who was lying on his face, dead, with a bullet through his heart.译文：夜色四罩，城中之妻祈天保夫无恙，战场上其夫扑卧，一弹穿心，死矣。
2.He seated himself close to her;he gazed at her in silence, or told her stories of the days gone by, of her childhood and of the convert.译文：他坐在她身旁，静静地望着她，或者和她谈谈往事，她的童年和她在修道院的情景。3.The liquid water is heated so that it becomes steam.译文：液态水受热而变成蒸汽。
4.No one has told them about the British custom of lining up for a bus so that the first person who arrives at a bus stop is the first person to get on the bus.译文：谁也没有跟他们说过，英国人有排队候车、先到先上的习惯。5.Two men occupied the same hospital room.They were both seriously ill.译文：两位重病患者住在同一间病房里。
6.Her experiment got nowhere.There is no sign of progress since.译文：但是，她的实验已陷入僵局，并且至今也没取得任何进展。练习：
1.In the course of the same for war, a serious epidemic broke out.译文：在战争的同一时期里，一场严重的传染病爆发。
2.A receptor is shaped in such a way that it can receive only a certain messenger.译文：受体的构造形状使得它只能接受某一类型的信使。
3.The structure of the steel and the resulting properties will depend on how hot the steel gets and how quickly or slowly it is cooled.译文：钢的结构和性质，视其加热成度和冷却快慢而定。4.Take care of pence, and the pound will take care of themselves.译文：积少成多或集腋成裘。unit 5【拆译法】
1.He shall be glad of your company on journey.译文：如果你能陪他一块儿去，他会很高兴的。
2.She had a sound feeling that idiom was the backbone of a language and she was all for the racy phrases.译文：她感到习语是语言的支柱，因此特别主张用生动的短语，她的想法是完全正确的。3.“But we have a lot of small, very disruptive day-in and day-out problems on the factory floor,” one industrialist said.译文：一位实业家说：“在工厂办公楼里，我们面临许多很小但破坏性却很大的问题，它们日复一日，无休无止地发生。”
4.Thunderstorm in spring and summer often come with intensity great enough to cause flash-flooding.译文：春夏两季，雷雨交加，猛烈异常，往往会导致暴雨成灾。
5.In the course of decay of the vegetable and animal matter in the soil, various acids and gases are formed which help to decompose the rock particles and other compounds needed for the plant foods.译文：动植物在泥土里腐烂的过程中，形成各种酸和气体。这些酸和气体有助于分解岩石粒和其他化合物，以供植物作养料。
6.Considerable attention has been focused on the dilemma presented by the patient with chest pain who, on angiographic study, has normal coronary arteries and no other objective evidence of heart disease.译文：有一种胸痛病人，其冠状动脉造影检查正常，又无心脏病的其他客观特征，其诊断上的困难引起了人们的极大重视。
7.This development is in part a result of experimental studies indicating that favorable alterations in the determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption may reduce ischemic injury and that reduction after load may be associated with improved cardiac performance.译文：从某种程度上讲，这方面的进展是实验研究的结果。实验结果表明，有效改善心肌耗氧量的决定因素可减轻局部损害，并且负荷的减轻也能改善心肌功能。
8.Could any spectacle, for instance, be more grimly whimsical than that of gunners using science to shatter men’s bodies while, close at hand, surgeons use it to restore them?
译文：例如：炮兵利用科学毁坏人体，而就在附近，外科医生用科学抢救被炮兵毁坏的人体，还有什么情景比这更怪诞可怕的吗？ 练习：
1.They vainly tried to find out the stranger’s name.他们想查出那陌生人的姓名，却徒劳无功。
2.The infinitesimal amount of nuclear fuel required makes it possible to build power reactors in that mountainous area.动力反应堆所需要的核燃料极少，因此可以把它建在那个山区。
3.It all began in the mid-1850s, when Lowe’s experiments with balloons led him to believe in the existence of an upper stream of air that moved in an easterly direction, no matter what direction the lower currents flowed.译文：这一切都始于19世纪50年代中叶，当时罗威的气球实验使他相信上升气流的存在。不管下层的气流向什么方向流动，这种上升气流总是向东流动。
4.More puzzling is the remarkable increase in occurrence of this disease which has happened since World War II in a number of western countries where standards of hygiene were continuously improving.译文：第二次世界大战以来，一些西方国家的卫生条件在不断地改善，但在这些国家中，此病的发生率也明显增加。这一点颇令人费解。unit6【摘译】 举例：
1.Apple expects to have a fix this month for a vulnerability in the IPHONE that could allow an attacker to gain control of the device remotely via SMS, according to CNET.NET.com.据美国CNET科技资讯网报道，苹果公司预计将于本月修复IPHONE中存在的一个安全漏洞，这一漏洞使得黑客能够通过收发短信遥控手机。
An attacker could exploit a weakness in the way IPHONE handle SMS messages to do things likes use GPS to track the phone's location, turn on the microphone for eavesdropping, or take control of the device and add it to botnet, Charlie Miller, co-author of the Mac Hacker's Handbook and principal security analyst at Independent Security Evaluator, said in a presentation at the SyScan conference in Singapore.The presentation was covered by IDG News Service.独立安全评估公司的首席安全分析师查理·米勒，同时也是苹果黑客手册的合著者，在新加坡硅感技术会议上声称，黑客能够利用IPHONE处理短信服务中的漏洞，采用全球定位系统来跟踪IPHONE的位置，打开手机话筒窃取用户通话，或者控制手机，把手机变成“僵尸网络”的一员。该发言由IDG新闻服务报道。
Miller said that under an agreement with Apple, he was barred from providing too much detail on the vulnerability.He plans to give more detailed presentation on the hole at the Black Hat conference in Las Vegas at the end of the month.米勒说,根据与苹果公司的协议,他被禁止提供太多的细节的漏洞。他计划于本月底在拉斯维加斯举行的黑帽会议上给出对这个漏洞的更详细说明。
Despite the SMS hole, the IPHONE is more secure than OS X on computers, Miller said.That is because the IPHONE doesn't support Adobe Flash and Java, only runs software digitally signed by Apple, includes hardware protection for data stored in memory, and runs applications in a sandbox, he said.米勒指出尽管存在这一短信服务漏洞，不过相对于电脑上的OS X系统，IPONE还是比较安全的。他说，这是因为IPHONE不支持Adobe Flash和Java，只能运行苹果数字签名的软件，包括对内存中存储数据的保护硬件,和在沙箱中运行的应用程序。
Apple representatives did not immediately respond to an email request for comment.苹果代表没有立即回复电子邮件评论。
2.A 36 years-old Swiss amateur parachutist made a successful 650-metre drop using a replica of a parachute designed more than 500 years ago by Leonardo da Vinci.“I came down „ smack in the middle of the tarmac at Payerne military airport,” said Olivier Vietti-Teppa.“A perfect jump.” Vietti-Teppa is the first person to have made it safely to the ground with the Leonardo model.In 2000, Britain's Adrian Nicholas tried it but had to pull the ripcord on a modern backup parachute to complete his descent safely.瑞士一名36岁的跳伞爱好者成功地从650的高空降落，而他用的降落伞是500多年前的莱昂纳多·达·芬奇设计的降落伞的复制品。“我降落了„„手掌击在佩也那军用机场的停机坪上，”奥利弗 维耶提—帕特说道，“完美的一跳。” 维耶提—帕特是第一个用达·芬奇设计的这款降落伞安全降落到地面的人。在2000年，英国的尼古拉斯·阿德里安曾尝试但不得不打开备用的现代伞而完成安全降落。
Vietti-Teppa jumped from a hovering helicopter and the Leonardo parachute opened at 600 meters, he reported.The parachute he used was made using modern fabric along lines designed by the Renaissance genius.The specifications were found in a text dating from 1485.The parachute consists of four equilateral triangles, seven meters on each side, made of parachute fabric, Vietti-Teppa explained.The base of the pyramid is a square of mosquito net, which enables the parachute to open.A wooden frame originally conceived by da Vinci was not used on the model in action on Saturday.One drawback: it is impossible to maneuver or steer the Leonardo parachute.“You come down at the whim of the wind,” said Vietti-Teppa, who carried out advance tests using a scale dummy model launched from a remote-controlled model helicopter.维耶蒂-特帕说他从一架盘旋的直升机上跳下在600米处打开了达芬奇降落伞。降落伞是由现代的材质制造的但是其设计来自于文艺复兴时期的天才。其制作说明来自于1485年的一份资料。维耶蒂-特帕解释说:”这个降落伞由4个边长为7米的等边三角形组成，材质为降落伞绸。”金字塔底部是一块正方形的蚊帐，它可以帮助撑开降落伞。周六所使用的降落伞并没有使用达芬奇之前设计的木质框架。这种降落伞的一个缺点是你不可能控制其方向。维耶蒂-特帕说：“当你跳下来后就只能随风飘了。”他之前使用遥控直升机对比例模型进行过试验。练习：
Prime Minister Gordon Brown of Britain disclosed Saturday that an eye examination showed two tears in his right retina—a revelation that could embolden critics who want him to step down before a national election.Downing Street moved quickly to quash speculation over Brown's health, issuing the statement only one day after a regular examination at a London eye hospital.Brown's office said his eyesight remained unchanged and that no operations were planned to address the situation.“Were there to be any change, he would of course make a further statement,” Brown’s office said in a statement.Brown, who lost the use of his left eye in a sporting accident when he was a teenager and had surgery to save the sight in the other one, has been dogged by questions about his eyesight in recent months.During a visit to the United States for the Group of 20 summit, he was forced to deny that he was slowly going blind.NBC Nightly News anchor Brian Williams had questioned Brown over reports that he was using larger and larger text sizes as his remaining vision declined.”I had all sorts of operations,” Brown said during the September interview.“ I then had one operation on the other eye and that was very successful, so my sight is not at all deteriorating,” he said.The same month he told the BBC that “it would be a terrible, terrible indictment of our political system if you thought that because someone had this medical issue they couldn’t do their job.” The September comments came as former Home Secretary Charles Clarke told the London Evening Standard newspaper that he hoped rumors Brown would quit—perhaps on health grounds—would come true.Brown must call a general election by June 2010.Recent polls overwhelmingly suggest that the opposition Conservative Party will win after 13 years out of power.British prime ministers rarely disclose details about their health unless they need to take time off work as in 2004, when Brown’s predecessor Tony Blair had a surgical procedure to correct an irregular heartbeat.Som Prasad, a consultant ophthalmologist at Arrowe Park Hospital in northwest England, said retinal tears affect 3% of people over 40 in Britain, and only occasionally cause serious problems.摘译：英国首相办公室周六发表声明说，首相戈登，布朗在接受眼睛检查时发现右眼视网膜上有两处裂缝，据悉，反对派可能以此为由要求布朗在大选前提前下台，但布朗办公室说，这次视网膜破裂不影响布朗视力，目前也没有动手术的打算，布朗年轻时参加体育活动受伤，左眼失明，但通过手术保住了右眼视力。全文翻译：
英国首相办公室周六发表声明说，首相戈登，布朗在接受眼睛检查时发现右眼视网膜上有两处裂缝，据悉，反对派可能以此为由要求布朗在大选前提前下台。唐宁街迅速平息有关布朗的健康炒作，仅在伦敦眼科医院定期检查的一天后发布声明。布朗办公室说，这次视网膜破裂不影响布朗视力，目前也没有动手术的打算，布朗年轻时参加体育活动受伤，左眼失明，但通过手术保住了右眼视力。布朗办公室声明表示：“如有任何变化，他当会做出进一步的声明。”
青少年时因体育事故失去左眼而动手术保全另一眼睛视力的布朗近几个月来被视力问题所困扰。
在访问美国的20国集团峰会期间，他被迫否认慢慢地失明。
NBC晚间新闻主播布瑞恩威廉姆斯提出质疑，剩存视力下降使得布朗的报告使用是大字体 布朗九月的采访中说道：“我做了多种手术。”他说：“然后我还在另一只眼睛动了手术，手术非常成功，所以我的视力根本没有恶化。同月，布朗告诉英国广播公司，“如果你认为有人因为这样的医疗问题而他们不能做他们的工作，这将是对政治系统的可怕的控诉。九月，伦敦标准晚报刊登前内政大臣查尔斯克拉克的意见，他希望关于布朗可能因健康背景而将要退出的谣言将成真。布朗必须在2010六月召开大选。最近的民意调查都显示了反对党将失去权利的13年后赢得大选。
除非他们需要休息一段时间，例如2004，布朗的前任托尼布莱尔需要纠正心律不齐外科手术，否则英国首相很少披露有关他们自己的健康细节。英国西北部的Arrowe公园医院眼科顾问山姆·帕萨迪说，视网膜裂孔影响3% 的40岁以上的英国人，偶尔会导致严重的问题。uint7【新闻】（不重要）练习：
1,S Korea set emissions-cut target.2,Firm vie for bigger share of car market.3,Spanish PM: Somali pirates free fishermen.4,China receives 94m overseas tourists in Jan-sept, down 3.45%.5,US, Russian leaders say nations closer to deal to cut nuclear arms.6,South African runner Caster Semenya will be allow to keep the gold medal she won in the women's 800-meters at the World Athletics Championships in Berlin, Germany, in August, the country's sports ministry announced Thursdays.7,After complaining of feeling badly for days, Nicole Richie was hospitalized for pneumonia at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles and was “doing well”, her rep said Wednesday.1，韩国制定目标，减少尾气排放。2，汽车公司争夺更大的市场份额。
3，西班牙首相说：索马里海盗释放了渔民。
4，中国前三季度接待外国游客9，400万人，比去年同期下降3.45%。5，美俄领导人说两国将达成协议，减少核武器。
6，周四，南非体育部宣布，今年8月德国柏林世界田径锦标赛女子800米比赛中获得金牌的南非选手拉斯特尔·赛门亚将继续持有该项目金牌。
7，周三，妮可·里奇的发言人说，妮可里奇因持续数日感觉不适，诊断出患有肺炎，被送往洛杉矶西达斯-西奈医学中心进行治疗，据悉，其情况良好并无大碍。unit8【科技】(没讲)练习：
1.The heart is about the size of a fist, weighs about 9-11 ounces and is placed snugly between the lungs, a little more to the left than to the right.2.The successful launching of China’s first experimental communication satellite, which was propelled by a three-stage rocket and has been in operation ever since, indicates that our nation has entered a new stage in the development of carrier rockets and electronics.3.Since the joint gap between a piston and a cylinder has great influence on the service life of an engine, and the primary factor influencing the joint gap is the deformation of piston under working condition, it is important to show up the actual deformation of piston and for this purpose the finite element has been widely applied to analyze it numerically in China.1.心脏约有一只拳头那么大，重约9到11盎司，位于两肺之间，略偏于左方。
2.中国已成功发射了第一颗试验卫星。这颗卫星是由三级火箭推动的，一直运转正常。它标志着我国在发展运载工具和电子技术方面进入了一个新阶段。
3.活塞与气缸的配合间隙，对于电动机的使用寿命有很大影响，影响配合间隙的主要因素是活塞在工作状态下的变形。真实反映活塞变形情况非常重要，国内已广泛采用有限元法进行数据分析。unit9【商务】（没讲）练习：
1.In case the buyer fail to carry out any of the terms or conditions to this Contract with the Seller, the Seller shall have the right to terminate all or any part of this Contract with the Buyer or postpone shipment or stop any goods in transit and the Buyer shall in every such case be liable to the Seller for all losses, damages and expenses thereby incurred.倘若买方未能履行与卖方所订合同的任何条款，卖方有权中止与买方的全部或部分合同，或延期交货，或截留运输中货物。在任何一种情况下，买方必须负责赔偿卖方由此发生的损失、损坏或相应的费用。
2.The Contractor shall notify the insurers of changes in the nature, extent or program for the execution of the Works and ensure the adequacy of the insurance at all times in accordance with the terms of the Contract and shall, when required, produce to the Employer the insurance policies in force and receipts for payment of the current premiums.承包人应该把工程施工的性质、范围或计划进度方面的变化情况通知承保人，并保证按合同条款在整个期间内有完备的保险，并在需要时，向业主出示生效保险单及本期保险费的支付收据。
unit10【广告】（不重要）1.Start ahead.（飘柔）
2.Every time a good time.(麦当劳）3.Everyone’s invited.(三星数码）4.The world’s local bank.(汇丰银行）
5.Time is what you make of it.（斯沃奇手表）1.成功之路，从头开始。
2.更多欢笑，更多快乐，就在麦当劳。3.三星数字世界欢迎你。4.环球理财，当地智慧。5.天长地久。
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