第一篇：英语四级高级作文讲解实例,万能作文开头,结尾,考研作文帮助,提高英文
Recently the...has been brought into focus by public
近期...（某一个问题）已经被大众开始关注
In this essay, I aim to explore this complicated phenomenon from diverse perspectives, 在这一篇论文中，我目标于探究这个复杂现象的不同方面
identify the relevant contributing factors and bring up some effective measures.识别相关的导致这个问题的因素并且提出一些有效的方法
开头万能公式：
1． 开头万能公式一：名人名言
有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！
原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？
经典句型：
a proberb says, “ you are only young once.”（适用于已记住的名言）
it goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（适用于自编名言）更多经典句型：as everyone knows, no one can deny that„
2． 开头万能公式二：数字统计
原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：
according to a recent survey, about 78.9％ of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造： honesty
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78％都是假的。
travel by bike
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85％的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。youth
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70％都是在休闲娱乐。five－day work week better than six－day work?
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98％的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型：
a recent statistics shows that „
阅卷老师在语言方面主要从两个方面进行评判：
1、基本正确四、六级考生的最大问题不是写得太简单，而是严重错误太多。基础一般的同学即使使用小学或中学词汇和句型，只要使用得基本正确，也可以得到及格分数。考生最常犯的语言错误有三类：语法、拼写、标点。最常犯的语法错误包括：时态、冠词、主谓一致、名词单复数等。
2、丰富多变
基础较好的同学，要想取得四、六级写作高分，应做到丰富多变。丰富多变体现在词汇和句型两方面。同一词语在一句话、一个段落乃至一篇文章中最好不要重复出现，应尽量使用同、近义词替换（无法替换的关键词除外）。例如：think可以替换为reckon, assume, argue等词。如果想不到同、近义词，可以使用上义词进行替换。此外，句型也应富于变化，不要拘泥于主谓宾句型，可以使用主系表、过去分词和现在分词短语作状语、不定式短语作状语、状语从句等多种句型。
四级作文如果量化成句数，只需写10句左右；六级只需12句左右。全文应以短句为主，长短句相结合。所谓短句是指10个词左右的句子，不能全篇都是5、6个词的短句。同时，全文应有一定数量的长句，一般15~20词即可，太长则易冗赘。有的同学以为只写长句不写短句，就能取得高分，实际上老师看长句会觉得很累，以为你不会写短句，通常不会给高分。如果一篇中文作文每句都30多个字，定然晦涩难懂，英文也不例外。精炼的短句可以放在段首表示强调；复杂的长句可以进行具体的论证、举例或描述。
二、高 分 真 经
（一）背诵
背诵是提高英语综合能力的法宝，可分为以下5个层次：（1）精彩词汇，（2）精彩句型，（3）精彩句子，（4）万能框架，（5）经典范文。注意句子和句型不一样，精彩句子应作为单词来记忆。背诵前，确保自己已充分理解所有内容。
语言学习有两个关键词——输入（INPUT）和输出（OUTPUT）。听力和阅读属于输入，考生处于被动状态，只需在考场上将听到和看到的东西弄懂。应对这种题目的技巧很多，容易在短期内提高。但口语和写作属于输出，考生必须变被动为主动，这很难在短期内突破。没有大量的输入，很难进行自由输出。
四、六级写作需要在30分钟内完成一篇短文，共计120或150余字，很多同学叫苦不迭。但若将其改为中文作文，大家就会觉得易如反掌。原因何在？俗话说：“熟读唐诗三百首，不会做诗也能吟。”同学们从小到大背诵了大量中文佳作，可以随意组合，自由输出。然而，在英语学习中，多数同学只沉溺于背单词、抠语法、做阅读，很少有人背诵英文文章。正因为没有大量输入，写作才始终处于“挤牙膏”状态，想一句说一句，说一句翻译一句。
提高英语写作要多读、多背、多写、多改。多读、多背是首要任务，是积累输入的关键。考生应大量积累经典英文句型、表达和范文，平时勤于背诵。
有的同学问我，说自己背过很多英文文章，但上了考场还是大脑一片空白，什么都想不
起来。这种情况很常见，主要有两个原因：一是没有进行造句的工作，只是盲目背诵。二是背得不够熟练。学习任何东西都讲究先求质，再求量。大家英语学了很多年，文章看了很多，为什么写作还是学不好？关键是量铺开了，但质没有上去。一篇文章应背到脱口而出的程度，如果还需要过脑子，就证明背得不够熟练。一知半解，背得再多也是徒劳。
（二）默写
背完经典范文后，进行默写。然后对照原文纠错，搞清楚错在什么地方。多数同学在写的时候都会犯小错误，如拼写、单复数、大小写等。这些就是你在写作中的弱点，也是阅卷老师最不能容忍的地方。培根说过：“Writing makes an exact man.”（写作使人精确。）只有默写下来你才会发现自己常犯哪些错误。
（三）中译英
中译英也是提高写作的好方法。根据范文的中文译文，将其按自己的理解译成英文。译完后，你就会发现自己的翻译和原文有很大差距，这些差距就是取得写作高分的关键。这时，对照范文，看看原作者是怎么写的，思考为什么这么写。同样的一句中文，范文中使用了哪些词汇和句型？你使用了哪些词汇和句型？学习范文使用不同的词汇和句型。通过不断练习，你的写作水平不知不觉就提高了。
（四）写作
模仿范文写作新的文章，套用范文的精彩词汇、句型、句子和框架。最初套用时可能比较生硬，但随着不断的积累，组合起来会越来越顺手。
上述的高分策略是提高四、六级英语写作水平最有效的方法。在练习写作的初始阶段, 可勤查语法书和字典等工具书, 背记常用词和短语, 以扩大词汇量, 拓展知识面。背单词时要深刻理解所背词语的内在含义, 并了解其使用环境。备考时，熟记一些过渡词、句型和范文，并进行仿写。考试时，使用学习过的、熟悉而有把握的词汇和句型，没有把握的句子，尽量采取“回避政策”，切忌自编自造汉语式的英语词组和句型。
1.SPORTS AND HEALTH
A HEALTHY BODY IS NECESSARY FOR A HEALTHY MIND.AS IS KNOWN, TO HAVE A SOUND MIND, WE MUST FIRST HAVE A SOUND BODY.THIS IS OF VITAL IMPORTANCE.ONLY BY KEEPING OURSELVES HEALTHY AND STRONG CAN WE FEEL ENERGETIC AND VIGOROUS IN STUDYING AND WORKING AND LIVE A HAPPY LIFE.TO KEEP OURSELVES FIT, PHYSICAL EXERCISE IS THE BEST WAY.ALL OVER THE WORLD MILLIONS OF PEOPLE TAKE PART IN DIFFERENT KINDS OF SPORTS.SPORTS ARE PERHAPS THE MOST POPULAR FORM OF RELAXATION THAT ALMOST ALL CAN ENJOY.IN TAKING PART IN OUT-DOOR SPORTS, WE ARE CLOSER TO NATURE AND CAN TAKE IN FRESH AIR.THE BEAUTY OF NATURE WILL KEEP US CLEAR-HEADED, WHICH IS ESSENTIAL TO OUR HEALTH.BESIDES, SPORTS AND GAMES BUILD OUR BODIES, PREVENT US FROM GETTING TOO FAT, AND KEEP US HEALTHY.THEY ALSO GIVE US
VALUABLE PRACTICE IN HELPING THE EYES, BRAIN AND MUSCLES TO WORK TOGETHER.HOWEVER，SPORTS STIMULATE THE CIRCULATION OF BLOOD AND HELP TO EXCRETE THE WASTES IN THE BODY.SPORTS CAN ALSO WORK UP OUR APPETITE AND ACTIVATE OUR DIGESTION.AS A RESULT, WE CAN BECOME STRONG-BODIED.I ALWAYS TAKE AN ACTIVE PART IN PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND ENJOY GOOD HEALTH.I SELDOM GET SICK BUT FEEL VIGOROUS EVEN IF I WORK A WHOLE DAYLONG.I SHALL KEEP UP DOING PHYSICAL EXERCISE SO AS TO LIVE LONGER AND DO MORE FOR THE COUNTRY.运动和健康
健康的身体对于健康的头脑是必要的。众所周知，要有健全的头脑，就应有健全的身体。这是至关重要的。们只有保持身体健康，才能在学习和工作中精力充沛，生活愉快。
为了保持健康，体育锻炼是最好的方法。世界上有许多的人参加不同种类的体育运动。体育运动可能是几乎所有的人都可享受的最大众化的娱乐形式。参加户外运动，们能更接近大自然并能吸收新鲜空气。自然界的美使 们头脑清醒，这对健康是极其必要的。另外，体育运动能增强 们的体质，防止发胖，保持身体健康。他们还在使眼睛、头脑和肌肉协同动作方面提供宝贵的锻炼机会。同时，运动促进血液循环，有助于排泄体内废物。运动还可以引起食欲，促进消化。这样 们就能身强力壮。
总是积极参加体育锻炼，身体很好。很少生病，即使工作一整天也感到精力旺盛。要坚持体育锻炼，争取长寿，为国家多做些事情。
2.Sports and health
A healthy body is necessary for a healthy mind.As is known, to have a sound mind, we must first have a sound body.This is of vital importance.Only by keeping ourselves healthy and strong can we feel energetic and vigorous in studying and working and live a happy life.To keep ourselves fit, physical exercise is the best way.All over the world millions of people take part in different kinds of sports.Sports are perhaps the most popular form of relaxation that almost all can enjoy.In taking part in out-door sports, we are closer to nature and can take in fresh air.The beauty of nature will keep us clear-headed, which is essential to our health.Besides, Sports and games build our bodies, prevent us from getting too fat, and keep us healthy.They also give us valuable practice in helping the eyes, brain and muscles to work together.However，sports stimulate the circulation of blood and help to excrete the wastes in the body.Sports can also work up our appetite and activate our digestion.As a result, we can become strong-bodied.I always take an active part in physical exercise and enjoy good health.I seldom get sick but feel vigorous even if I work a whole daylong.I shall keep up doing physical exercise so as to live longer and do more for the country.运动和健康
健康的身体对于健康的头脑是必要的。众所周知，要有健全的头脑，就应有健全的身体。这是至关重要的。我们只有保持身体健康，才能在学习和工作中精力充沛，生活愉快。为了保持健康，体育锻炼是最好的方法。世界上有许多的人参加不同种类的体育运动。体育
运动可能是几乎所有的人都可享受的最大众化的娱乐形式。参加户外运动，我们能更接近大自然并能吸收新鲜空气。自然界的美使我们头脑清醒，这对健康是极其必要的。另外，体育运动能增强我们的体质，防止发胖，保持身体健康。他们还在使眼睛、头脑和肌肉协同动作方面提供宝贵的锻炼机会。同时，运动促进血液循环，有助于排泄体内废物。运动还可以引起食欲，促进消化。这样我们就能身强力壮。
我总是积极参加体育锻炼，身体很好。我很少生病，即使工作一整天也感到精力旺盛。我要坚持体育锻炼，争取长寿，为国家多做些事情。
第二篇：英语四级高级作文讲解实例,万能作文开头,结尾,考研作文帮助,提高英文
英语四级高级作文讲解实例,万能作文开头,结尾,考研作文帮助,提高英文.txt如果青春的时光在闲散中度过，那么回忆岁月将是一场凄凉的悲剧。杂草多的地方庄稼少，空话多的地方智慧少。即使路上没有花朵，我仍可以欣赏荒芜。Recently the...has been brought into focus by public
近期...（某一个问题）已经被大众开始关注
In this essay, I aim to explore this complicated phenomenon from diverse perspectives, 在这一篇论文中，我目标于探究这个复杂现象的不同方面
identify the relevant contributing factors and bring up some effective measures.识别相关的导致这个问题的因素并且提出一些有效的方法
开头万能公式：
1． 开头万能公式一：名人名言
有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！
原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？
经典句型：
a proberb says, “ you are only young once.”（适用于已记住的名言）
it goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（适用于自编名言）更多经典句型：as everyone knows, no one can deny that„
2． 开头万能公式二：数字统计
原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：
according to a recent survey, about 78.9％ of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造： honesty
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78％都是假的。
travel by bike
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85％的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。youth
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70％都是在休闲娱乐。five－day work week better than six－day work?
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98％的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型：
a recent statistics shows that „
阅卷老师在语言方面主要从两个方面进行评判：
1、基本正确四、六级考生的最大问题不是写得太简单，而是严重错误太多。基础一般的同学即使使用小学或中学词汇和句型，只要使用得基本正确，也可以得到及格分数。考生最常犯的语言错误有三类：语法、拼写、标点。最常犯的语法错误包括：时态、冠词、主谓一致、名词单复数等。
2、丰富多变
基础较好的同学，要想取得四、六级写作高分，应做到丰富多变。丰富多变体现在词汇和句型两方面。同一词语在一句话、一个段落乃至一篇文章中最好不要重复出现，应尽量使用同、近义词替换（无法替换的关键词除外）。例如：think可以替换为reckon, assume, argue等词。如果想不到同、近义词，可以使用上义词进行替换。此外，句型也应富于变化，不要拘泥于主谓宾句型，可以使用主系表、过去分词和现在分词短语作状语、不定式短语作状语、状语从句等多种句型。
四级作文如果量化成句数，只需写10句左右；六级只需12句左右。全文应以短句为主，长短句相结合。所谓短句是指10个词左右的句子，不能全篇都是5、6个词的短句。同时，全文应有一定数量的长句，一般15~20词即可，太长则易冗赘。有的同学以为只写长句不写短句，就能取得高分，实际上老师看长句会觉得很累，以为你不会写短句，通常不会给高分。如果一篇中文作文每句都30多个字，定然晦涩难懂，英文也不例外。精炼的短句可以放在段首表示强调；复杂的长句可以进行具体的论证、举例或描述。
二、高 分 真 经
（一）背诵
背诵是提高英语综合能力的法宝，可分为以下5个层次：（1）精彩词汇，（2）精彩句型，（3）精彩句子，（4）万能框架，（5）经典范文。注意句子和句型不一样，精彩句子应作为单词来记忆。背诵前，确保自己已充分理解所有内容。
语言学习有两个关键词——输入（INPUT）和输出（OUTPUT）。听力和阅读属于输入，考生处于被动状态，只需在考场上将听到和看到的东西弄懂。应对这种题目的技巧很多，容易在短期内提高。但口语和写作属于输出，考生必须变被动为主动，这很难在短期内突破。没有大量的输入，很难进行自由输出。
四、六级写作需要在30分钟内完成一篇短文，共计120或150余字，很多同学叫苦不迭。但若将其改为中文作文，大家就会觉得易如反掌。原因何在？俗话说：“熟读唐诗三百首，不会做诗也能吟。”同学们从小到大背诵了大量中文佳作，可以随意组合，自由输出。然而，在英语学习中，多数同学只沉溺于背单词、抠语法、做阅读，很少有人背诵英文文章。正因为没有大量输入，写作才始终处于“挤牙膏”状态，想一句说一句，说一句翻译一句。
提高英语写作要多读、多背、多写、多改。多读、多背是首要任务，是积累输入的关键。
考生应大量积累经典英文句型、表达和范文，平时勤于背诵。
有的同学问我，说自己背过很多英文文章，但上了考场还是大脑一片空白，什么都想不起来。这种情况很常见，主要有两个原因：一是没有进行造句的工作，只是盲目背诵。二是背得不够熟练。学习任何东西都讲究先求质，再求量。大家英语学了很多年，文章看了很多，为什么写作还是学不好？关键是量铺开了，但质没有上去。一篇文章应背到脱口而出的程度，如果还需要过脑子，就证明背得不够熟练。一知半解，背得再多也是徒劳。
（二）默写
背完经典范文后，进行默写。然后对照原文纠错，搞清楚错在什么地方。多数同学在写的时候都会犯小错误，如拼写、单复数、大小写等。这些就是你在写作中的弱点，也是阅卷老师最不能容忍的地方。培根说过：“Writing makes an exact man.”（写作使人精确。）只有默写下来你才会发现自己常犯哪些错误。
（三）中译英
中译英也是提高写作的好方法。根据范文的中文译文，将其按自己的理解译成英文。译完后，你就会发现自己的翻译和原文有很大差距，这些差距就是取得写作高分的关键。这时，对照范文，看看原作者是怎么写的，思考为什么这么写。同样的一句中文，范文中使用了哪些词汇和句型？你使用了哪些词汇和句型？学习范文使用不同的词汇和句型。通过不断练习，你的写作水平不知不觉就提高了。
（四）写作
模仿范文写作新的文章，套用范文的精彩词汇、句型、句子和框架。最初套用时可能比较生硬，但随着不断的积累，组合起来会越来越顺手。
上述的高分策略是提高四、六级英语写作水平最有效的方法。在练习写作的初始阶段, 可勤查语法书和字典等工具书, 背记常用词和短语, 以扩大词汇量, 拓展知识面。背单词时要深刻理解所背词语的内在含义, 并了解其使用环境。备考时，熟记一些过渡词、句型和范文，并进行仿写。考试时，使用学习过的、熟悉而有把握的词汇和句型，没有把握的句子，尽量采取“回避政策”，切忌自编自造汉语式的英语词组和句型。
1.SPORTS AND HEALTH
A HEALTHY BODY IS NECESSARY FOR A HEALTHY MIND.AS IS KNOWN, TO HAVE A SOUND MIND, WE MUST FIRST HAVE A SOUND BODY.THIS IS OF VITAL IMPORTANCE.ONLY BY KEEPING OURSELVES HEALTHY AND STRONG CAN WE FEEL ENERGETIC AND VIGOROUS IN STUDYING AND WORKING AND LIVE A HAPPY LIFE.TO KEEP OURSELVES FIT, PHYSICAL EXERCISE IS THE BEST WAY.ALL OVER THE WORLD MILLIONS OF PEOPLE TAKE PART IN DIFFERENT KINDS OF SPORTS.SPORTS ARE PERHAPS THE MOST POPULAR FORM OF RELAXATION THAT ALMOST ALL CAN ENJOY.IN TAKING PART IN OUT-DOOR SPORTS, WE
ARE CLOSER TO NATURE AND CAN TAKE IN FRESH AIR.THE BEAUTY OF NATURE WILL KEEP US CLEAR-HEADED, WHICH IS ESSENTIAL TO OUR HEALTH.BESIDES, SPORTS AND GAMES BUILD OUR BODIES, PREVENT US FROM GETTING TOO FAT, AND KEEP US HEALTHY.THEY ALSO GIVE US VALUABLE PRACTICE IN HELPING THE EYES, BRAIN AND MUSCLES TO WORK TOGETHER.HOWEVER，SPORTS STIMULATE THE CIRCULATION OF BLOOD AND HELP TO EXCRETE THE WASTES IN THE BODY.SPORTS CAN ALSO WORK UP OUR APPETITE AND ACTIVATE OUR DIGESTION.AS A RESULT, WE CAN BECOME STRONG-BODIED.I ALWAYS TAKE AN ACTIVE PART IN PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND ENJOY GOOD HEALTH.I SELDOM GET SICK BUT FEEL VIGOROUS EVEN IF I WORK A WHOLE DAYLONG.I SHALL KEEP UP DOING PHYSICAL EXERCISE SO AS TO LIVE LONGER AND DO MORE FOR THE COUNTRY.运动和健康
健康的身体对于健康的头脑是必要的。众所周知，要有健全的头脑，就应有健全的身体。这是至关重要的。们只有保持身体健康，才能在学习和工作中精力充沛，生活愉快。
为了保持健康，体育锻炼是最好的方法。世界上有许多的人参加不同种类的体育运动。体育运动可能是几乎所有的人都可享受的最大众化的娱乐形式。参加户外运动，们能更接近大自然并能吸收新鲜空气。自然界的美使 们头脑清醒，这对健康是极其必要的。另外，体育运动能增强 们的体质，防止发胖，保持身体健康。他们还在使眼睛、头脑和肌肉协同动作方面提供宝贵的锻炼机会。同时，运动促进血液循环，有助于排泄体内废物。运动还可以引起食欲，促进消化。这样 们就能身强力壮。
总是积极参加体育锻炼，身体很好。很少生病，即使工作一整天也感到精力旺盛。要坚持体育锻炼，争取长寿，为国家多做些事情。
2.Sports and health
A healthy body is necessary for a healthy mind.As is known, to have a sound mind, we must first have a sound body.This is of vital importance.Only by keeping ourselves healthy and strong can we feel energetic and vigorous in studying and working and live a happy life.To keep ourselves fit, physical exercise is the best way.All over the world millions of people take part in different kinds of sports.Sports are perhaps the most popular form of relaxation that almost all can enjoy.In taking part in out-door sports, we are closer to nature and can take in fresh air.The beauty of nature will keep us clear-headed, which is essential to our health.Besides, Sports and games build our bodies, prevent us from getting too fat, and keep us healthy.They also give us valuable practice in helping the eyes, brain and muscles to work together.However，sports stimulate the circulation of blood and help to excrete the wastes in the body.Sports can also work up our appetite and activate our digestion.As a result, we can become strong-bodied.I always take an active part in physical exercise and enjoy good health.I seldom get sick but feel vigorous even if I work a whole daylong.I shall keep up doing physical exercise so as to live longer and do more for the country.运动和健康
健康的身体对于健康的头脑是必要的。众所周知，要有健全的头脑，就应有健全的身体。这是至关重要的。我们只有保持身体健康，才能在学习和工作中精力充沛，生活愉快。为了保持健康，体育锻炼是最好的方法。世界上有许多的人参加不同种类的体育运动。体育运动可能是几乎所有的人都可享受的最大众化的娱乐形式。参加户外运动，我们能更接近大自然并能吸收新鲜空气。自然界的美使我们头脑清醒，这对健康是极其必要的。另外，体育运动能增强我们的体质，防止发胖，保持身体健康。他们还在使眼睛、头脑和肌肉协同动作方面提供宝贵的锻炼机会。同时，运动促进血液循环，有助于排泄体内废物。运动还可以引起食欲，促进消化。这样我们就能身强力壮。
我总是积极参加体育锻炼，身体很好。我很少生病，即使工作一整天也感到精力旺盛。我要坚持体育锻炼，争取长寿，为国家多做些事情。
第三篇：英语四级作文及开头结尾
Above all(一)首句
章段首句最重要的是 It’s well-known thatAfter all众所周知毕竟 As far as we knowAll in all据我们所知总的来说 As everybody knowsIn a word众所周知总而言之 As far as sb.be concernedAs a result就……而论 Frankly speaking坦白地说 Generally speaking一般来说 I am of the opinion that …我认为 In my opinion我认为 It has been shown that…现已表明 It has been found that …已经发现 It’s believed that…有人相信 It’s expected that…有人盼望 It’s hoped that …人们希望 It’s thought that …有人认为
Until recently …直到最近
Faced with …, quite a few people argue that ….But other people conceive differently.There is a general discussion today about the issue of….Those who object to … argue that….They believe that ….But people who favor …, on the other hand, argue that….Currently there is a widespread concern that … More and more people are realizing / have come to realize… There is no denying / doubt that ….(二)结尾句
结果 In fact / As a matter of fact事实上 In short / In brief简而言之 In conclusion总之 In general /summary总之 In the end / Finally Last of all最后 On the whole总的来看 It may be confirmed that…可以肯定 It’sclear that…很清楚 To sum up概括地说 Personally, I prefer to…
As far as… be concerned, I think / believe that…
In my opinion, I am in favor of ….（三）写作中常用到的过渡词： 1.时间顺序：first, second, then, finally, now, before, afterwards, earlier, later, immediately,suddenly, soon, gradually 2.空间顺序：in front of, behind, at the back of, to the left, to the right, above, below, on oneside, on the other side, next(to), far(from), beside , outside, around 3.因果关系：because, since, as, thanks to,as a result(of),so,therefore, thus, otherwise, on account of, due to, owe to
4.递进关系：in addition, furthermore,moreover, what’s more, what’s worse, even, besides, still more, to make things worse
5.例证说明：for example, for instance,such as, in one’s opinion, in fact, in this case, for actually, that is to say, in other words, according to
6.并列关系：but, and, as well as, or 7.对称关系：for one thing, for another, on
the one hand, on the other hand
8.转折关系：above all, at last, in a word,in summary, to sum up, in short, generally speaking, as you know, in conclusion, in brief, as has been stated
9.总结关系：above all, at last, in a word,in summary, to sum up, in short, generally speaking, as you know, in conclusion, in brief, as has been stated
10.过渡性插入语：I think, I’m afraid, you
know, as we all know, I’m sure, as far as I know
11.强调关系：in fact, indeed, surely,necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, to repeat, the most important, above all
（四）、常用模式
1．万事看头难常用模式：
Nowadays….It goes
without saying that….Now
people begin to realize that….There is no denying that…..It is
common that…..2．拓展不下去：
常用模式：（1）、罗列
Firstly….Secondly…..Thirdly…..For one thing….For another….On one hand…..On the other hand….At the same
time….（2）、举例 Take… for
example…
To explain…（3）、对比 In contrast,…./
On the contrary
（4）、递进 Moreover/ In
addition/ Besides
（5）、因果 Because…/
Because of…
Therefore…/
Consequently…/ As a result,…
The reason is
(was)that…
The reason why
(for which)…is(was)that…
That is because
(why)…
One of the
important reason is ….（6）、转折 But…/
However…/ Instead of…
Otherwise…
/Nevertheless….3．难以结尾：常用模式：（1）、总结 To
sum up…/ In brief…
（2）、个人观
点 Personally…/ As for me….现象解释型：
模板一：
(1)Recently, _______.What amazes us
most is _______.It is true that _______.(2)There are many reasons explaining
_______.The main reason is ______.What is more, _______.Thirdly, ________.As a result _________.(3)Considering all these, ________.For
one thing, _________.For another, ______.In conclusion, ______.模板二：
（1）As is known to all, _______._________ seem to get accustomed to _________.In fact, __________.（2）The reasons of ______ lie in
several aspects.Firstly, ______.Secondly, ______.Thirdly, ______.Finally, _______.（3）As a matter of fact, ______.On
the one hand , ______.On the other hand, ______.Therefore, ______.现象解释型叙事：
（1）It so happened that _______.Just
at the moment, ________.It impressed most because ________.（2）What happened was_______.At
first, _______.Almost at the same time, _______.What’s more, ______.As a result, ________.（3）As I understand, ______.On the
one hand , ______.On the other hand, ______.Therefore, ______.对比选择型： 模板一：
（1）There is a heated debate over
_______.It is commonly accepted that ______.In contrast, others _______.（2）Those who hold the first opinion
suggest ________.In their view, ______.However, others think ______.They argue that ______.（3）Considering one after another, I
stand on the side of ______.First of all,_______.Furthermore, _______.Thirdly, ______.Therefore, ________.模板二：
(1)Recently, we may hear quite different
opinions _______.Most people take it for granted that ________.However, others hold ________.(2)A dominant idea is that _______.In
the view, ______.Nevertheless, the objectors think _______.They argue that ______.(3)As to me, I prefer ______.Therefore,______.On the one hand , ______.On the other hand, ______.In conclusion, _______.模板三：
(1)Different people will offer quite
different ideas _______.Many people assert _______.However, others believe ______.(2)Some may proclaim _______.They
maintain such an idea because _______.In contrast, the objectors think _______.They argue that _______.(3)As far as I am concerned, I agree to
_______.First, ______.Second, _____.Last but least, _______.In a word, ________.问题解决型： 模板一：
（1）With the ______ of _______,_______.So it is of great importance for us to _______.On the one hand , ______.On the other hand, ______.（2）However, we have figured out
many ways to _______.Firstly,______.So long as _______.Secondly, _______.Thirdly, _______.（3）In fact, ______.That is because
_______.In a word, ______.模板二：
(1)There has been a discussion recently
about _______.It is true to the present situation that ________.But ______.(2)As is known to all, there are many
ways ______.First of all, ______.Furthermore, ______.Last but not least, _______.(3)So it is high time for us to _______.That is because _______.Firstly, _____.In addition, ______.Only in this way _______.观点论证型：
It is well known that______.The truth of it is self—evident.No one can deny _____.Therefore, _______.Many examples can be found to prove _____.Take ______ as a typical example ______.People _____.Furthermore, ______.It goes without saying that _____.Then, _____.There is no doubt that ______.In conclusion, ________.It is believed that ______.The truth is deep and profound.As we know, ______.Consequently, ________.A case in point is _______.This is close to suggest _______.It is true that addition, _______.All mentioned above tells us ______.As a matter of fact, _______.There is no denying that _______.In short, ________.应用文：
1.竞选演说词： Dear:
It is a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech.To begin with, let me introduce myself, my name is _____.As some of you may know, I am ______.As for the position of ______., there are some things making me feel qualified to take the job.Firstly, I ______.Secondly, I______.Thirdly, I am good at _______.Looking into the future, I will try my best to serve my _______ if I am lucky enough to be the ______.On the one hand, I, with my co-workers, will _______.On the other hand, I will ______.In addition, I will ______.I wish all of you the best and thank you all for listening.Thank you!2.日程安排解说词：
Ladies and Gentlemen / Dear _______,Welcome to ________.To begin with, _______.It’s my pleasure to ______.Now to share the schedule with you, _______.Please keep in mind that _______.According to the schedule, ______.In addition, ______.As a matter of fact, ______.During your visit, ______.There is no doubt that ______.I hope that _____.Thank you very much for ______.3.建议信： Dear _____,I am delighted to learn that ______.It _______.In my opinion, ______.On the one hand, ______.On the other hand, ______.As to ______, I suggest ______.If ______.It is unnecessary for you to ______.In addition, ________.I am sure ________.Please inform me _______.I am looking forward to ________.Sincerely yours,Signature
4.批评、抱怨信： Dear ______,My name is ______.I am _______.I venture to write you a letter about _______.The focus of the complaint is ______.For
one thing, _______.For another, ______.Honestly speaking, _______.But _______.Besides,_______.All in all, there is still much room for improvement ______.I do hope _______.Thank you for your time and kind consideration.Sincerely yours,Signature
第四篇：四级作文开头结尾
(1)开头段
不写引言，直接摆出论点句，开头显得很突兀;把题目中的说明部分照单全抄，这种做法很容易引起评卷人反感。以2000年作文题“The Importance of Extracurricular Activities”为例，介绍应试作文中几种有效的开头方法。
(1)引语法：引用名言、格言或谚语，来吸引读者的注意力。
As the saying goes, “variety is the spice of life.” Although college students’ major task is study, study is by no means the only thing in their life.In fact, various extracurricular activities should serve as the spice of college life.What is more, extracurricular activities are important to college students’ personal growth.(2)定义法：对文章主题中的关键词加以界定，借此引发讨论。
What are extracurricular activities? Are they simply what students do after class in their spare time ? No, extracurricular activities are school-based activities organized by teachers or students themselves with an aim to develop the students’ interests and improve their all-around abilities.Naturally, part-time jobs are not extracurricular activities.In my opinion, extracurricular activities not only make college life more colorful but are important to college students’ personal growth.(3)举例法： 简单讲述轶闻趣事或经典笑话，或叙述自己或他人生活中的亲身经历，但必须紧扣主
题，言简意赅。
Once when a computer engineer was invited by our department to talk about the secrets of his success, he mentioned that it was in the extracurricular interest group organized by his middle school that first inspired his interest in computer and launched him to his future career while computer was far less popular at that time.Meanwhile, he expressed his regret that extracurricular activities are rare in our university.Indeed, as college students, extracurricular activities cannot afford to be dispensed with.In my opinion, extracurricular activities are important to college students’ personal growth.(4)提问法：提出一个或一连串有争议的问题，引起读者思考。
Should extracurricular activities be neglected in college? Of course not.Then what kind of a role do extracurricular activities play in college students’ life? In my opinion, extracurricular activities not only make college life more colorful but are important to college students’ personal growth.(5)阐述背景：简明地提供话题出现的背景。
Extracurricular activities have always been an important aspect of college life.However, at present, the extracurricular activities organized by our university are far from satisfactory.As many students have lost interest in these activities, they find college life boring and monotonous.In my opinion, a university cannot afford to neglect extracurricular activities because they not only make college life more colorful but are important to college students’ personal growth.(6)树立靶子。
Quite a few people hold the view that since college students are almost independent adults, extracurricular activities or no extracurricular activities hardly make any difference to their life.However, in my opinion, extracurricular activities are important to college students’ personal growth.(7)摆出两种观点。
College students hold different attitude toward extracurricular activities.Some think that since their main task is study, these activities are a waste of time;whereas others take an active part in extracurricular activities.I belong to the second group, because I believe extracurricular activities are important to college students’ personal growth.(2)结尾段
结尾由“总结句+引申”组成。总结句是对全文观点的归纳和对中心思想的重申，可以参考论点句和主题句，换种说法将其再现。总结句单独成段会使结尾显得单薄。有时需要引申, 但不要空洞的口号，也不要添加中心思想以外的句子或出现新观点。以下介绍几种引申部分常用的写法。
(1)首尾呼应法：与引言部分内容呼应
与 “开头方法”例3呼应：In brief, considering the above-mentioned advantages, extracurricular activities should remain an important aspect of college life.As more and more teachers and students are beginning to realize their importance, next time the computer engineer comes to our campus, he will most likely be impressed by our colorful life and various activities.(2)建议希望法：针对现象提出建议或希望
In brief, considering the above-mentioned advantages, extracurricular activities should remain an important aspect of college life.I hope the university can provide us with more choices in our extracurricular activities in the near future.(3)后果预测法：预测所讨论的现象或问题可能产生的后果(积极/消极)
In brief, considering the above-mentioned advantages, extracurricular activities should remain an important aspect of college life.I believe, with more and better extracurricular activities, we will live a healthier and richer life on campus.(3)正文扩展
正文部分再分两到三个层次论述，每个层次都是由“主题句+支持句”构成。支持句是用来说明主题句、提供充分论据和具体细节的若干句子。下面以99年试题为例重点介绍如何通过支持句来扩展主题句。
Topic sentence: “Advertising on television has a great influence on consumer behavior.”
(1)经历举例法
Take me for example.I first learned the brand of shampoo “Rejoice” from a TV advertisement.I was greatly impressed by the way the message was conveyed---the confident girl on her way to realizing her goal of becoming an aeronautics engineer, and her beautiful cascade of black, shiny hair.I decided to have a try then and there, and as you can imagine, I have remained faithful to this brand ever since.(2)调查数据法
Statistics from a consumer survey reveal that 65% of those who bought “Haier” products were actually prompted by their advertisements of various forms to try this brand and 45.5% among them by TV advertisements.(3)类比对比法
The effect of TV advertisements is just like that of a salesperson pushing a product in the supermarket.In face of such strong force of promotion, we really find it difficult to resist the temptation to have a try.Almost without thinking, we accept the commodity handed over to us with exaggerated enthusiasm and put it into our shopping cart.(4)因果论证法
Since TV appeals to our senses of sight and hearing with its vivid images, bright colors and pleasing melodies, advertisements on television usually leave a deep impression on our mind.When we hesitate before a full shelf of various brands of commodities of the same kind, a familiar brand-name drummed into the depth of our mind so blatantly may well surface just in time.(5)反正归谬法
Some people claim that they can never be influenced, as they hate TV ads, which interrupt their entertainment at the most unsuitable moment.Then if they are asked to give an example of such nuisance, they may well tattle quite a few.Well, since they “cherish” such a deep impression of these brand-names, who can be sure that one of these will not come to their mind at a critical moment in the supermarket?
第五篇：英语四级作文经典万能开头语和结尾语
英语四级考试作文经典万能开头语和结尾语
四六级写作常见句型
（1）用于描写漫画、图表的常用句型
①As the graph depicts , …
②From the cartoon /picture , we can see that …
③According to the statistics shown in the first /second graph ,④The table shows / indicates / reveals that …
⑤It can be seen /concluded from the picture / table / figures that …
（2）用于句首提出论题或现象的句型
①Recently , …has become the focus of the society.②…has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.③Nowadays there is a growing concern for …
④Nowadays it is common to hear /see …
⑤…has become a common occurrence in our daily life.⑥Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of …⑦It is only during the last /past few years that man has become generally aware that …
⑧There is an old / popular saying / proverb which says / goes …⑨In recent years , there is a general tendency …
⑩Nowadays … has become a problem we have to face.（3）用于比较、阐述不同观点的常用句型
①Some people like / prefer …, while others are / feel inclined to …②There are different opinions among people as to … Some believe … whole hold …③Some people claim that … is superior to … Others , however , disagree with it.④Some people believe … Others maintain … Still others claim …⑤Some people suggest … Others , however , hold the opposite opinion.⑥On the one hand , people tend to … On the other hand , they feel …⑦Some people argue that … Others , in contrast , believe that …
⑧Although more and more people come to believe … there are still others who insist that …
⑨On the contrary , there are people in favor of …
⑩There are some people who hold different opinions about …
（4）用于陈述个人观点/想法的常用句型
①My own experience tells me that …
②In my opinion , we should attack more importance to …
③As for my own idea about … I believe …
④As far as I am concerned , I plan to …
⑤Personally , I prefer …
⑥In my view , both sides are partly right in that …
⑦But for me , I would rather …
⑧My own point of view is that …
⑨In conclusion , I support the statement that …
⑩As regards me , I tend to choose …
（5）用于书信写作的常用句型
①Thank you for your letter of …
②It is a pleasure for me invite you on behalf of … to accept …
③Thanks so much for your letter , which arrived …
④I am writing to you with reference to …
⑤I am writing to you in connection with …
⑥I would be grateful if you could / would …
⑦I would like to know some information on …
⑧It will be appreciated if you can / could …
⑨I would also like to know if you can / could …
⑩I look forward to hearing from you.（6）用于结尾的常用句型
①From what has been discussed / mentioned above , we may conclude that …②Therefore , it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion that …③It is high time that something was done about …
④From all the reasons / consideration above , it is evident / clear / obvious that …⑤Taking into account all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that …⑥Given the reasons / consideration I have just outlined / discussed / presented , I strongly recommend that …
⑦It is clear , therefore , that …
⑧All in all ,what really matters is , in fact , to …
⑨It is essential that effective measure be taken to …
⑩From what has been discussed above , we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that …
⑾ In conclusion ,the most important is …
⑿ On the whole , it is high time that every one …
⒀ As a result , we should take some effective steps to …
⒁ Judging by the figures / statistics , it is not difficult to see that …⒂ Only in this way / in so doing , can be really …
四六级写作基本句式
以下是短文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式，每组句式的功能相同或相似，考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的1－2个，做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。
1．表示原因
1）There are three reasons for this．
2）The reasons for this are as follows．
3）The reason for this is obvious．
4）The reason for this is not far to seek．
5）The reason for this is that．．．
6）We have good reason to believe that．．．
例如：
There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly, people’s living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly, most people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least, more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life
注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life． There are three reasons for this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。
2．表示好处
1）It has the following advantages．
2）It does us a lot of good．
3）It benefits us quite a lot．
4）It is beneficial to us．
5）It is of great benefit to us．
例如：
Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better, and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore, reading extensively is of great benefit to us.
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