第一篇:学习四级英语听力必看必须要多听真题总结经验
英语口译进行听写操练。考生能够用复读机来听写历年真题。放一句然后按一下起伏键,考生随即拿纸和笔进行听写操练。直到听写完好之后再按键进行下一句的听写操练。这样,最终把一年的听力真题听写下来之后,能够用彩色笔对照听力真题答案,把漏听、错听得都符号出来,在对照原文辨认。准确无误后,合上书本,能够在听写一遍。这样重复几回,你的听力就会进步很快。这个作业一开始很费时间,没有1-2个小时是拿不下来的。可是只需持之以恒,一个月你的听力水平肯定会日新月异。
在这个进程中,考生还要做好以下作业。
第1,不停地磨耳朵,主要听真题。
第2,能够恰当的进行白话纠音。因为发音的好坏会直接影响你的听力水平。
第3,收拾总结听力常考词汇;
第4,要加强单词的回忆作业;
所谓语速是指考生因为输入信息今后,还要通过一个汉语转译的进程,致使跟不上听力考试的节奏。还有一个疑问即是,英语因为在没有表达完一个完好的内容之前,是不会中止的。而汉语多需求中止缓歇。因为这一习气致使考生没有听完好,自个便先停下来,致使后边的信息漏听,从而对听力内容了解不完好。特别是放到长对话中,天然听不懂得就越多,因而这有些考生往往失分较多。
中考英语听不懂。这恐怕是考生最大的疑问了,很难说听懂了做不对的,虽然有,可是究竟归于少量。为何会存在这个疑问呢?关键是输入信息的准确性和语速不对,形成了解有误。所谓信息准确性有误是指,学生听到的信息和原文读到的信息不归于同一信息。比方:把flour面粉误听为flower花;把wonder惊奇误听为wander散步等等;
第二篇:1998年英语专业四级考试真题参考答案
1998年英语专业四级考试真题参考答案
PART IWRITING
SECTION ACOMPOSITION
参考样文
One Way to Solve the Problem
Too many vehicles, such as cars, tracks, motorcycles, have created a lot of serious
problems in our world.Besides congestion, accidents and fast fuel consumption, they are
responsible for a good part of air pollution in big dries.All the time, the vehicles are pumping
huge amounts of waste gases into the atmosphere.These gases are harmful, causing disease and
even death.One possible solution that may reduce air pollution created by so many vehicles is to
develop modem public transportation systems and restrict the use of private cars.If the price of
petrol rises constantly and the public vehicles are efficient and convenient enough, most people
will not have private cars.And the total number of cars in big cities will reduce greatly.People
would find more room to walk, to jog, to perform what they used to do in the open air.Moreover,dirt, noise exhaust, parked cars, and smog would decrease greatly.There is no inherent incompatibility between man in an urban setting and the automobile.But we don't want cars to seize our living space.We take for granted that everyone could enjoy the
pleasure of stretching his legs freely, breathing and sniffing the air cheerfully.On the whole, the
elimination of air pollution needs the co-efforts from the government, the public and the
environments.SECTION BNOTE-WRITING
参考样文
May 15, 1998
Dear George,I've got a ticket for the computer fair for this coming Sunday at the Municipal
Exhibition Center.I wanted to go, but my sister is away on business and my brother-in-law is in
hospital.I have to look after my little niece.I know you are a computer lover.So I've decided to
send you this endorsed ticket.The fair will begin at 9 a.m.You may take Bus No.32 to go there.Sally
PARTⅡDICTATION
The Railway in Britain
The success of early railways, such as the lines between big cities, /led to a great increase in railway building in Victorian times./Between 1835 and 1865, about 25 thousand kilometers of track were built, /and over 100 railway companies were created./
Railway travel transformed people's lives./Trains were first designed to can-y goods./However, a law in the 19th century forced railway companies to run one cheap train a day, /which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile./Soon working class passengers found they could afford to travel by rail./Cheap day excursion trains became popular and seaside resorts grew rapidly./The railways also provided thousands of new jobs, /building carriages, running the railways, and repairing the tracks./ Railways even changed the time./The need to run railways on time meant the local time was abolished / and clocks showed the same time all over the country.PARTⅢLISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTIONA
1.B2.B3.D4.B5.B6.A7.A8.B
SECTION B
9.C10.D11.B12.D13.C
14.D15.B16.A17.A
SECTION C
18.C19.A20.C21.B22.D
23.C24.A25.D
PART IVCLOZE
26.C27.A28.D29.C30.B
31.C32.A33.A34.C35.A
36.A37.C38.A39.A40.C
PARTVGRAMMAR & VOCABULARY
41.A42.D43.B44.A45.C
46.A47.C48.A49.C50.B
51.C52.A53.D54.B55.D
56.C57.B58.A59.B60.C
61.B62.B63.C64.D65.A
PART ⅥREADING COMPREHENSION
66.D67.C68.A69.C70.D
71.B72.A73.A74.C75.D
76.C77.C78.D79.B80.B
81.B82.A83.C84.D85.C
86.C87.A88.C89.A90.D
转自[英美者]-英语专业
站网:
第三篇:2006年12月大学英语四级真题听力原文学习啊
学英语简单吗?肯定会有许多学生说:“难死了”。
为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢?答案只有一个:“不得法。” 英语与汉语一样都是一种语言,为什么你说汉语会如此流利?那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中,如果你在伦敦呆上半年,保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境,那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境,坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”,那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。
一、多“说”。
自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语,见了同学,尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候,谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典,遇到生词时查一下这些生词,也不用刻意去记,用的多了,这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担,始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。
或许你有机会碰上外国人,你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼,和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪,婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇,句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇,而且不太看重说法,你只要发音准确,准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心,敢于表达自己的思想。
如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系,你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象,对它谈你一天的所见所闻,谈你的快乐,你的悲伤等等,长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。
二、多“听”
寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时,你应该大胆地去参与,多听听各种各样人的发音,男女老少,节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到,如果这样的机会少的话,你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听,这将会对你帮助很大,而你去听学过的课文的磁带,那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。
三、多“读”。
“读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处,读的内容可以是你的课本,但最好是一些有趣的小读物,因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系,所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后,你必定会在高考中胜券在握。另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。
四、多“写”
有的同学总是抱怨时间紧,根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多,不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情,或当天学了某一个词组,你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法,又可以锻炼你的写作能力,比如学“wish”一词时,可写一小段如下:
The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,I'm different.I wish I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.只几句话:但wish的几种用法已跃然纸上,这样写下来印象会深刻得多,这样比死记硬背wish的用法也有趣轻松的多。
学习英语不用花大块的时间,10分钟的散步可以练“说”,吃完饭后可以读一会儿英语小说,睡前听几分钟英语,可以使你得到更好地休息……只要你每天抽出一些时间来练英语,你的英语成绩肯定会很快提高的。
背英语单词技巧
1、循环记忆法
艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线
人的大脑是一个记忆的宝库,人脑经历过的事物,思考过的问题,体验过的情感和情绪,练习过的动作,都可以成为人们记忆的内容。例如英文的学习中单词、短语和句子,甚至文章的内容都是通过记忆完成的。从“记”到“忆”是有个过程的,这其中包括了识记、保持、再认和回忆。有很多 人在学习英语的过程中,只注重了学习当时的记忆效果,孰不知,要想做好学习的记忆工作,是要下一番工夫的,单纯的注重当时的记忆效果,而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的。
在信息的处理上,记忆是对输入信息的编码、贮存和提取的过程,从信息处理的角度上,英文的第一次学习和背诵只是一个输入编码的过程。人的记忆的能力从生理上讲是十分惊人的,它可以存贮1015比特(byte,字节)的信息,可是每个人的记忆宝库被挖掘的只占10%,还有更多的记忆发挥空间。这是因为,有些人只关注了记忆的当时效果,却忽视了记忆中的更大的问题--即记忆的牢固度问题,那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记忆遗忘的规律。
一、艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释
德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(Hermann Ebbinghaus,1850-1909),他在1885年发表了他的实验报告后,记忆研究就成了心理学中被研究最多的领域之一,而艾宾浩斯正是发现记忆遗忘规律的第一人。
根据我们所知道的,记忆的保持在时间上是不同的,有短时的记忆和长时的记忆两种。而我们平时的记忆的过程是这样的:
输入的信息在经过人的注意过程的学习后,便成为了人的短时的记忆,但是如果不经过及时的复习,这些记住过的东西就会遗忘,而经过了及时的复习,这些短时的记忆就会成为了人的一种长时的记忆,从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间。那么,对于我们来讲,怎样才叫做遗忘呢,所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记忆过的东西不能再认起来,也不能回忆起来,或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆,这些都是遗忘。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时候是拿自己作为测试对象的,他得出了一些关于记忆的结论。他选用了一些根本没有意义的音节,也就是那些不能拼出单词来的众多字母的组合,比如asww,cfhhj,ijikmb,rfyjbc等等。他经过对自己的测试,得到了一些数据。
然后,艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线,这就是非常有名的揭示遗忘规律的曲线:艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线,图中竖轴表示学习中记住的知识数量,横轴表示时间(天数),曲线表示记忆量变化的规律。
这条曲线告诉人们在学习中的遗忘是有规律的,遗忘的进程不是均衡的,不是固定的一天丢掉几个,转天又丢几个的,而是在记忆的最初阶段遗忘的速度很快,后来就逐渐减慢了,到了相当长的时候后,几乎就不再遗忘了,这就是遗忘的发展规律,即“先快后慢”的原则。观察这条遗忘曲线,你会发现,学得的知识在一天后,如不抓紧复习,就只剩下原来的25%)。随着时间的推移,遗忘的速度减慢,遗忘的数量也就减少。有人做过一个实验,两组学生学习一段课文,甲组在学习后不久进行一次复习,乙组不予复习,一天后甲组保持98%,乙组保持56%;一周后甲组保持83%,乙组保持33%。乙组的遗忘平均值比甲组高。
二、不同性质材料有不同的遗忘曲线
而且,艾宾浩斯还在关于记忆的实验中发现,记住12个无意义音节,平均需要重复16.5次;为了记住36个无意义章节,需重复54次;而记忆六首诗中的480个音节,平均只需要重复8次!这个实验告诉我们,凡是理解了的知识,就能记得迅速、全面而牢固。不然,愣是死记硬背,那也是费力不讨好的。因此,比较容易记忆的是那些有意义的材料,而那些无意义的材料在记忆的时候比较费力气,在以后回忆起来的时候也很不轻松。因此,艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线是关于遗忘的一种曲线,而且是对无意义的音节而言,对于与其他材料的对比,艾宾浩斯又得出了不同性质材料的不同遗忘曲线,不过他们大体上都是一致的。
因此,艾宾浩斯的实验向我们充分证实了一个道理,学习要勤于复习,而且记忆的理解效果越好,遗忘的也越慢。
三、不同的人有不同的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线--个性化的艾宾浩斯
上述的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线是艾宾浩斯在实验室中经过了大量测试后,产生了不同的记忆数据,从而生成的一种曲线,是一个具有共性的群体规律。此记忆曲线并不考虑接受试验个人的个性特点,而是寻求一种处于平衡点的记忆规律。
但是记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人,因为我们的生理特点、生活经历不同,可能导致我们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。规律对于自然人改造世界的行为,只能起一个催化的作用,如果与每个人的记忆特点相吻合,那么就如顺水扬帆,一日千里;如果与个人记忆特点相悖,记忆效果则会大打折扣。因此,我们要根据每个人的不同特点,寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线
2》如何学英语
下定决心,坚持不懈
英语学习作为一门语言技能,通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可以掌握的。一般地说,英语学习的原则是听、说领先,读、写跟上。李扬的疯狂英语提倡,首先建立起我能学好英语的信心,然后以句子为单位,大量地模仿,疯狂地操练,大声地朗读,最后达到自如地说英语,他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效。钟道隆教授45岁开始学英语,一年后,学成出国当口语翻译,并创造了逆苦恼、逆急于求成、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法。他还提出学习英语要遵循听、写、说、背、想的方法,他的方法强调以听为主,并且把所听到的内容全部写下来。尤其是他的学习精神最可佳,他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机,你可想象他听了多少英语;用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐,你可想象他写了多少,在一年半内,累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时,也就说每天抽出几个小时来学英语。如果我们做到他那样,一定也能学好英语。最重要的是坚持,只要能下定决心,坚持每天至少一个小时的学习英语,战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的。
注意方法,循序渐进 决心下定,还注意学习方法,有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习目的,选择不同的学习方法,但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地、一步一个脚印地走。要把基础知识掌握好,也就是说,发音要正确、基本词汇要掌握牢、基本句式要熟练、基本语法要会用。
(1)要过好语音关。把每一个音标发正确,注意改正有问题的音素,特别是那些容易混淆的音素,尽早地掌握国际音标,并尽量的掌握一些读音规则,尽快地能利用读音规则来拼单词,掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。
(2)掌握一定数量的英语单词。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关,学习单词要从单词的形、音、义这三方面去掌握,要注意单词的一词多义,一词多类的用法,要学会一些构词法的知识,来扩展词汇量。学习单词要在语言材料中去学,要结合词组,通过句子,阅读文章来活记单词,死记的单词是记不牢的。坚持在读、说前,先反复听,听的时候反应单词、句子的意思和节奏,想一下单词的拼法、句子结构。并要同学习语法规则有机结合起来进行。
(3)掌握好基本语法。语法在学习英语中也很重要,它能帮助我们把握住英语的基本规律,通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规则要记住,活的规则要通过做大量的练习掌握。总之学习英语要通过听、说、读、写、译来进行操练,不但要注意数量,更重要的是要注意质量,尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确,熟练。只有经过大量的实践,才能做到熟能生巧,运用自如。
提前预习,有的放矢
作为学生,在每次上课前,都要对要学的课文提前预习。首先在音标的帮助下试着拼读单词,也可以借助配套磁带反复听,对比一下,把握不准的要标出来,注意上课老师的发音,还要记一下单词的汉语意思和词性。借助课文的注释或辅导材料,预习一遍课文,找出不明白的地方,做到心中有数,在教师讲课时注意听这些地方。总之,预习的目的是熟悉要学的内容,找出不明白的地方,带着问题听课,做到有的放矢。
认真听课,积极配合
课堂是老师与学生一起学习、掌握、运用知识的主要场所。作为起主导作用的老师一方引导学生搞好课堂教学是很必要的,但也需要学习者的积极配合。上课要专心听讲、作好笔记、认真操练、积极思考。预习时出现的问题在课堂上教师没有讲到的,要向老师提出,把问题搞清楚,老师讲授的问题,先注意听,下课后整理一下笔记,反复思考一下这些问题,抓住老师所讲的重点,难点和考点。总之,上课时要做到耳听、眼观、嘴动、脑想,调动起多个感官来。
完成作业,找出问题
学完每一课,要认真完成课后作业。做作业时一定不要看参考书上题的答案,做完后再对答案,对于作业中所出现的不明白的问题,应该记下来,等下次上课时提出来。做作业是英语学习的很重要的环节,它是消化知识和巩固知识的过程,一定要认真完成规定的作业,笔头作业要动一动笔,口头作业要动一动嘴,提高听力要练一练耳,课文在听和读的基础上,最好背诵某些精彩段落。总之,要做大量的练习,英语是练出来的,一定不要偷懒。
及时复习,巩固知识
学会了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘,但学语言有遗忘现象是正常的。更不必因为有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与决心。问题在于怎样来减轻遗忘的程度。善于类比,总结知识,把新学的知识同过去学的有关的知识进行横向和纵向比较和联系。建立错误档案记录,加深印象,以避免再反同样错误。我们大部分知识和技能是靠重复获得的,及时复习对于记忆非常必要,学英语就是要坚持天天不断的练,不断地重复基本句型,常用词汇和基本语法等。学习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程。
总而言之,只要你能做到下定决心学,注意学习方法,把课前预习,认真听课,完成作业,及时复习这些环节作好了,你一定能够学好英语
06年12月大学英语四级真题听力原文 Section A: Conversations Short Conversations 11.M: Christmas is around the corner.And I’m looking for a gift for my girlfriend.Any suggestions? W: Well you have to tell me something about your girlfriend first.Also, what’s your budget? Q: What does the woman want the man to do? 12.M: What would you like for dessert? I think I’ll have apple pie and ice cream.W: The chocolate cake looks great, but I have to watch my weight.You go ahead and get yours.Q: What would the woman most probably do? 13.W: Having visited so many countries, you must be able to speak several different languages.M: I wish I could.But Japanese and of course English are the only languages I can speak.Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 14.M: Professor Smith asked me to go to his office after class.So it’s impossible for me to make it to the bar at ten.W: Then it seems that we’ll have to meet an hour later at the library.Q: What will the man do first after class? 15.M: It’s already 11 now.Do you mean I ought to wait until Mr.Bloom comes back from the class? W: Not really.You can just leave a note.I’ll give it to her later.Q: What does the woman mean? 16.M: How is John now? Is he feeling any better? W: Not yet.It still seems impossible to make him smile.Talking to him is really difficult and he gets upset easily over little things.Q: What do we learn about John from the conversation? 17.M: Do we have to get the opera tickets in advance? W: Certainly.Tickets at the door are usually sold at a higher price.Q: What does the woman imply? 18.M: The taxi driver must have been speeding.W: Well, not really.He crashed into the tree because he was trying not to hit a box that had fallen off the truck ahead of him.Q: What do we learn about the taxi driver?
Long Conversations Conversation 1 W: Hey, Bob, guess what? I’m going to visit Quebec next summer.I’m invited to go to a friend’s wedding.But while I’m there I’d also like to do some sightseeing.M: That’s nice, Shelly.But do you mean the province of Quebec, or Quebec City? W: I mean the province.My friend’s wedding is in Montreal.I’m going there first.I’ll stay for five days.Is Montreal the capital city of the province? M: Well, Many people think so because it’s the biggest city.But it’s not the capital.Quebec City is.But Montreal is great.The Saint Royal River runs right through the middle of the city.It’s beautiful in summer.W: Wow, and do you think I can get by in English? My French is OK, but not that good.I know most people there speak French, but can I also use English? M: Well, People speak both French and English there.But you’ll hear French most of the time.And all the street signs are in French.In fact, Montreal is the third largest French speaking city in the world.So you’d better practice your French before you go.W: Good advice.What about Quebec City? I’ll visit a friend from college who lives there now.What’s it like? M: It’s a beautiful city, very old.Many old buildings have been nicely restored.Some of them were built in the 17th or 18th centuries.You’ll love there.W: Fantastic.I can’t wait to go.Questions: 19.What’s the woman’s main purpose of visiting Quebec? 20.What does the man advice the woman to do before the trip? 21.What does the man say about the Quebec City?
Conversation 2 M: Hi, Miss Rowling, how old were you when you started to write? And what was your first book? W: I wrote my first Finnish(finished)story when I was about six.It was about a small animal, a rabbit, I mean.And I’ve been writing ever since? M: Why did you choose to be an author? W: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness.Step 1 would be finding out what you love doing most.Step two would be finding someone to pay you to do this.I consider myself very lucky indeed to be able to support myself by writing M: Do you have any plans to write books for adults? W: My first two novels were for adults.I suppose I might write another one.But I never really imagine a target audience when I’m writing.The ideas come first.So it really depends on the ideas that grasp me next.M: where did the ideas for the “Harry Potter” books come from? W: I’ve no ideas where the ideas came from.And I hope I’ll never find out.It would spoil my excitement if it turned out I just have a funny wrinkle on the surface of my brain, which makes me think about the invisible train platform.M: How did you come up with the names of your characters? W: I invented some of them.But I also collected strange names.I’ve got one from ancient saints, maps, dictionaries, plants, war memoirs and people I met.M: Oh, you are really resourceful.Questions: 22.What do we learn from the conversation about Miss Rowling’s first book? 23.Why does Miss Rowling consider her so very lucky? 24.What dictates Miss Rowling’s writing? 25.According to Miss Rowling where did she get the ideas for the Harry Porter books?
Section B Passage 1 Reducing the amount of sleep students get at night has a direct impact on their performance at school during the day.According to classroom teachers, elementary and middle school students who stay up late exhibit more learning and attention problems.This has been shown by Brown Medical School and Bradley Hospital research.In the study, teachers were not told the amount of sleep students received when completing weekly performance reports, yet they rated the students who had received eight hours or less as having the most trouble recalling all the material,learning new lessons and completing high-quality work.Teachers also reported that these students had more difficulty paying attention.The experiment is the first to ask teachers to report on the effects of sleep deficiency in children.Just staying up late can cause increased academic difficulty and attention problems for otherwise healthy, well-functioning kids, said Garharn Forlone, the study’s lead author.So the results provide professionals and parents with a clear message: when a child is having learning and attention problems, the issue of sleep has to be taken into consideration.“If we don’t ask about sleep, and try to improve sleep patterns in kids’ struggling academically, then we aren’t doing our job”, Forlone said.For parents, he said, the message is simple, “getting kids to bed on time is as important as getting them to school on time”.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.What were teachers told to do in the experiment? 27.According to the experiment, what problem can insufficient sleep cause in students? 28.What message did the researcher intend to convey to parents?
Passage 2
Patricia Pania never wanted to be a public figure.All she wanted to be was a mother and home-maker.But her life was turned upside down when a motorist, distracted by his cell phone, ran a stop sign and crashed into the side of her car.The impact killed her 2-year-old daughter.Four months later, Pania reluctantly but courageously decided to try to educate the public and to fight for laws to ban drivers from using cell phones while a car is moving.She wanted to save other children from what happened to her daughter.In her first speech, Pania got off to a shaky start.She was visibly trembling and her voice was soft and uncertain.But as she got into her speech, a dramatic transformation took place.She stopped shaking and spoke with a strong voice.For the rest of her talk, she was a forceful and compelling speaker.She wanted everyone in the audience to know what she knew without having to learn it from a personal tragedy.Many in the audience were moved to tears and to action.In subsequent presentations, Pania gained reputation as a highly effective speaker.Her appearance on a talk show was broadcast three times, transmitting her message to over 40 million people.Her campaign increased public awareness of the problem, and prompted over 300 cities and several states to consider restrictions on cell phone use.Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.What was the significant change in Patricia Pania’s life? 30.What had led to Pania’s personal tragedy? 31.How did Pania feel when she began her first speech? 32.What could be expected as a result of Pania’s efforts?
Passage 3
Many people catch a cold in the spring time or fall.It makes us wonder if scientists can send a man to the moon.Why can’t they find a cure for the common cold? The answer is easy.There’re actually hundreds of kinds of cold viruses out there.You never know which one you will get, so there isn’t a cure for each one.When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it.Blood rushes to your nose and causes a blockade in it.You feel terrible because you can’t breathe well, but your body is actually eating the virus.Your temperature rises and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus.You also have a running nose to stop the virus from getting into your cells.You may feel miserable, but actually your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold.Different people have different remedies for colds.In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better.Some people take hot bath and drink warm liquids.Other people take medicines to relieve various symptoms of colds.There was one interesting thing to note.Some scientists say taking medicines when you have a cold is actually bad for you.The virus stays in you longer, because your body doesn’t develop a way to fight it and kill it.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33.According to the passage, why haven’t scientists found a cure for the common cold? 34.What does the speaker say about the symptoms of the common cold? 35.What do some scientists say about taking medicines for the common cold, according to the passage?
Section C: Compound dictation
You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways depending on the situation they are in.This is very natural.All languages have two general levels of usage: a formal level and an informal level.English is no exception.The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a particular level.Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, reference books and in business letters.You would also use formal English in compositions and essays that you write in school.Informal language is used in conversation with colleagues, family members and friends, and when we write personal notes or letters to close friends.Formal language is different from informal language in several ways.First, formal language tends to be more polite.What we may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be polite.For example, I might say to a friend or a family member “Close the door, please”, but to a stranger, I probably would say “Would you mind closing the door?” Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary.There are bound to be some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal.Let’s say that I really like soccer.If I am talking to my friend, I might say “I am just crazy about soccer”, but if I were talking to my boss, I would probably say “I really enjoy soccer”.没事就用这些词练练你的嘴皮子~~
●说吧,你是想死呢还是不想活了? ●好久没有人把牛皮吹的这么清新脱俗了!
●你给我滚,马不停蹄的滚……
●人人都说我丑,其实我只是美得不明显。
●无理取闹,必有所图!
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●天被熬亮了。
●不是路不平,而是你不行。
●恶心妈妈抱着恶心哭得很伤心,为什么呢?因为恶心死了……
●要不是打不过你,我早就和你翻脸了。●我这心碎得,捧出来跟饺子馅似的。
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●没人牵手,我就揣兜。
●我的兴趣爱好可分为静态和动态两种,静态就是睡觉,动态就是翻身…
●唉~这人要一没正形,连头痛都是偏的。●我这人不太懂音乐,所以时而不靠谱,时而不着调。●怎么会突然想哭?难道我也有些逆流成河的小忧伤?
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●好漂亮的美女叔叔啊!
●我不跟猪摔跤有两个原因:首先这让我自己变得很脏,其次这让猪很高兴。
●没事偷着乐是不太可能了,偷着胖还是有点儿希望.●放下屠刀立地成佛的意思是,你放下屠刀的那一刻对方把你砍成两瓣儿了。
●没事可做时,觉得最累。
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●李碧华说过: 什么叫多余?夏天的棉袄,冬天的蒲扇,还有等我已经心冷后你的殷勤。
●永远年轻,永远装嫩,永远不知好歹,永远热泪盈眶。
●我爸面对我发胖一事发表了看法:没有韩红的命,还得了韩红的病。●你来我信你不会走,你走我当你没来过。——我们该这样对待缘分与爱。
●曾以为我是那崖畔的一枝花,后来才知道,不过是人海一粒渣。
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●荡气回肠,消化不良。
●女人喜欢长的坏坏的男人,并不是喜欢长坏了的男人..●麻子不叫麻子,坑人。
●江湖险恶,不行就撤!
●不敲几下,你不可能知道一个人或一个西瓜的好坏。
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●孤独的人常表现得很坚强;寂寞的人则多半温和。
●大笑是绽放的微笑。
●我的意中人是个绝色大美女,终于有一天她会骑着喷火的恐龙来嫁给我
的,可是我看见了她的坐骑,却没有看见她的主人。●孤单是一个人的狂欢,狂欢是一群人的孤单。
●虽不安分,也该守己。
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●人不犯我,我不犯人。人若犯我,我就生气!
●别逼我,否则我伟大起来,一发不可收拾。
●我们是平凡的人,我们也是特别的人,所以我们是特别平凡的人。
●那个人敢说自己纯净?瞧你那眼神就透着浑浊。
●没有什么比弱者对强者的鄙视更无力了。
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●如有雷同,纯属你抄我●笨鸟先飞,笨猪先肥。
●当你的眼泪忍不住要流出来的时候,睁大眼睛,千万别眨眼,你会看到世
界由清晰到模糊的全过程。
●告诉你别逼我,你要是再逼我,我就装死给你看。
●年轻算什么,谁没年轻过?你老过吗?真是的 _________________________________________________
●别用世故的样子来武装自己,它会水土不服。
●解释就是掩饰,掩饰就是编故事。
●所谓门槛,过去了便是门,过不去就成了槛。
●陌生阻止你认识陌生的事物,熟悉妨碍你理解熟悉的事物。
●人生的悲哀就在于,当你想两肋插刀的时候,却只有一把刀。
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● 如果全是老姜,将是一个何等辛辣的社会。
● 狮子不会因为听到狗吠而回头。
● 水越深,水流越平稳。
●在你不当回事的时候,一切就好了起来。
● 无论是国王还是农夫,只要能在自己家里找到安宁,他就是最幸福的人。
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● 一分钱一分货,稀饭吃了不经饿.● 水壶啊,你为什么哭泣,是因为屁股太烫了吗?
● 如果命运抓住了伱的喉咙,伱就挠命运嘚胳肢窝。
● 拦着成长的不是幼稚,而是自以为成熟。
● 如果命运折断了你的腿,他会教你如何跛行
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● 打死你我也不说
●左脑全是水,右脑全是面粉,不动便罢了,一动全是浆糊
●挣钱就像用针掘地,花钱就像水渗进土里。
●我也有要去的地方,只是我要去的地方,没道路通向那里。
●你浪费的粮食都会堵在你去往天堂的路上。
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●生活是丰富多彩的,但我也有自己的颜色。
●如果有一天我失踪了,只有两种可能:身体在旅行,或者灵魂在旅行。
●讓人格与腦門一同閃亮。
●你的丑和你的脸没有关系。
●我从来没有欺骗过你,因为我从来没有欺骗你的必要。
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●我可以选择放弃,但我不能放弃选择。
●天没降大任于我,照样苦我心志,劳我筋骨。
●也许似乎大概是,然而未必不见得。
●再过一百年,就长成了参天大葱。
●幸福就是当你照镜子的时候,喜欢你看到的那个人。
第四篇:2010年12月大学英语四级听力真题的试题与答案学习啊
学英语简单吗?肯定会有许多学生说:“难死了”。
为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢?答案只有一个:“不得法。” 英语与汉语一样都是一种语言,为什么你说汉语会如此流利?那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中,如果你在伦敦呆上半年,保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境,那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境,坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”,那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。
一、多“说”。
自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语,见了同学,尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候,谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典,遇到生词时查一下这些生词,也不用刻意去记,用的多了,这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担,始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。
或许你有机会碰上外国人,你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼,和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪,婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇,句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇,而且不太看重说法,你只要发音准确,准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心,敢于表达自己的思想。
如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系,你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象,对它谈你一天的所见所闻,谈你的快乐,你的悲伤等等,长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。
二、多“听”
寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时,你应该大胆地去参与,多听听各种各样人的发音,男女老少,节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到,如果这样的机会少的话,你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听,这将会对你帮助很大,而你去听学过的课文的磁带,那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。
三、多“读”。
“读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处,读的内容可以是你的课本,但最好是一些有趣的小读物,因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系,所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后,你必定会在高考中胜券在握。另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。
四、多“写”
有的同学总是抱怨时间紧,根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多,不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情,或当天学了某一个词组,你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法,又可以锻炼你的写作能力,比如学“wish”一词时,可写一小段如下:
The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,I'm different.I wish I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.只几句话:但wish的几种用法已跃然纸上,这样写下来印象会深刻得多,这样比死记硬背wish的用法也有趣轻松的多。
学习英语不用花大块的时间,10分钟的散步可以练“说”,吃完饭后可以读一会儿英语小说,睡前听几分钟英语,可以使你得到更好地休息……只要你每天抽出一些时间来练英语,你的英语成绩肯定会很快提高的。
背英语单词技巧
1、循环记忆法
艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线
人的大脑是一个记忆的宝库,人脑经历过的事物,思考过的问题,体验过的情感和情绪,练习过的动作,都可以成为人们记忆的内容。例如英文的学习中单词、短语和句子,甚至文章的内容都是通过记忆完成的。从“记”到“忆”是有个过程的,这其中包括了识记、保持、再认和回忆。有很多 人在学习英语的过程中,只注重了学习当时的记忆效果,孰不知,要想做好学习的记忆工作,是要下一番工夫的,单纯的注重当时的记忆效果,而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的。
在信息的处理上,记忆是对输入信息的编码、贮存和提取的过程,从信息处理的角度上,英文的第一次学习和背诵只是一个输入编码的过程。人的记忆的能力从生理上讲是十分惊人的,它可以存贮1015比特(byte,字节)的信息,可是每个人的记忆宝库被挖掘的只占10%,还有更多的记忆发挥空间。这是因为,有些人只关注了记忆的当时效果,却忽视了记忆中的更大的问题--即记忆的牢固度问题,那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记忆遗忘的规律。
一、艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释
德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(Hermann Ebbinghaus,1850-1909),他在1885年发表了他的实验报告后,记忆研究就成了心理学中被研究最多的领域之一,而艾宾浩斯正是发现记忆遗忘规律的第一人。
根据我们所知道的,记忆的保持在时间上是不同的,有短时的记忆和长时的记忆两种。而我们平时的记忆的过程是这样的:
输入的信息在经过人的注意过程的学习后,便成为了人的短时的记忆,但是如果不经过及时的复习,这些记住过的东西就会遗忘,而经过了及时的复习,这些短时的记忆就会成为了人的一种长时的记忆,从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间。那么,对于我们来讲,怎样才叫做遗忘呢,所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记忆过的东西不能再认起来,也不能回忆起来,或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆,这些都是遗忘。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时候是拿自己作为测试对象的,他得出了一些关于记忆的结论。他选用了一些根本没有意义的音节,也就是那些不能拼出单词来的众多字母的组合,比如asww,cfhhj,ijikmb,rfyjbc等等。他经过对自己的测试,得到了一些数据。
然后,艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线,这就是非常有名的揭示遗忘规律的曲线:艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线,图中竖轴表示学习中记住的知识数量,横轴表示时间(天数),曲线表示记忆量变化的规律。
这条曲线告诉人们在学习中的遗忘是有规律的,遗忘的进程不是均衡的,不是固定的一天丢掉几个,转天又丢几个的,而是在记忆的最初阶段遗忘的速度很快,后来就逐渐减慢了,到了相当长的时候后,几乎就不再遗忘了,这就是遗忘的发展规律,即“先快后慢”的原则。观察这条遗忘曲线,你会发现,学得的知识在一天后,如不抓紧复习,就只剩下原来的25%)。随着时间的推移,遗忘的速度减慢,遗忘的数量也就减少。有人做过一个实验,两组学生学习一段课文,甲组在学习后不久进行一次复习,乙组不予复习,一天后甲组保持98%,乙组保持56%;一周后甲组保持83%,乙组保持33%。乙组的遗忘平均值比甲组高。
二、不同性质材料有不同的遗忘曲线
而且,艾宾浩斯还在关于记忆的实验中发现,记住12个无意义音节,平均需要重复16.5次;为了记住36个无意义章节,需重复54次;而记忆六首诗中的480个音节,平均只需要重复8次!这个实验告诉我们,凡是理解了的知识,就能记得迅速、全面而牢固。不然,愣是死记硬背,那也是费力不讨好的。因此,比较容易记忆的是那些有意义的材料,而那些无意义的材料在记忆的时候比较费力气,在以后回忆起来的时候也很不轻松。因此,艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线是关于遗忘的一种曲线,而且是对无意义的音节而言,对于与其他材料的对比,艾宾浩斯又得出了不同性质材料的不同遗忘曲线,不过他们大体上都是一致的。
因此,艾宾浩斯的实验向我们充分证实了一个道理,学习要勤于复习,而且记忆的理解效果越好,遗忘的也越慢。
三、不同的人有不同的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线--个性化的艾宾浩斯
上述的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线是艾宾浩斯在实验室中经过了大量测试后,产生了不同的记忆数据,从而生成的一种曲线,是一个具有共性的群体规律。此记忆曲线并不考虑接受试验个人的个性特点,而是寻求一种处于平衡点的记忆规律。
但是记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人,因为我们的生理特点、生活经历不同,可能导致我们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。规律对于自然人改造世界的行为,只能起一个催化的作用,如果与每个人的记忆特点相吻合,那么就如顺水扬帆,一日千里;如果与个人记忆特点相悖,记忆效果则会大打折扣。因此,我们要根据每个人的不同特点,寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线
2》如何学英语
下定决心,坚持不懈
英语学习作为一门语言技能,通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可以掌握的。一般地说,英语学习的原则是听、说领先,读、写跟上。李扬的疯狂英语提倡,首先建立起我能学好英语的信心,然后以句子为单位,大量地模仿,疯狂地操练,大声地朗读,最后达到自如地说英语,他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效。钟道隆教授45岁开始学英语,一年后,学成出国当口语翻译,并创造了逆苦恼、逆急于求成、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法。他还提出学习英语要遵循听、写、说、背、想的方法,他的方法强调以听为主,并且把所听到的内容全部写下来。尤其是他的学习精神最可佳,他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机,你可想象他听了多少英语;用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐,你可想象他写了多少,在一年半内,累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时,也就说每天抽出几个小时来学英语。如果我们做到他那样,一定也能学好英语。最重要的是坚持,只要能下定决心,坚持每天至少一个小时的学习英语,战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的。
注意方法,循序渐进 决心下定,还注意学习方法,有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习目的,选择不同的学习方法,但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地、一步一个脚印地走。要把基础知识掌握好,也就是说,发音要正确、基本词汇要掌握牢、基本句式要熟练、基本语法要会用。
(1)要过好语音关。把每一个音标发正确,注意改正有问题的音素,特别是那些容易混淆的音素,尽早地掌握国际音标,并尽量的掌握一些读音规则,尽快地能利用读音规则来拼单词,掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。
(2)掌握一定数量的英语单词。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关,学习单词要从单词的形、音、义这三方面去掌握,要注意单词的一词多义,一词多类的用法,要学会一些构词法的知识,来扩展词汇量。学习单词要在语言材料中去学,要结合词组,通过句子,阅读文章来活记单词,死记的单词是记不牢的。坚持在读、说前,先反复听,听的时候反应单词、句子的意思和节奏,想一下单词的拼法、句子结构。并要同学习语法规则有机结合起来进行。
(3)掌握好基本语法。语法在学习英语中也很重要,它能帮助我们把握住英语的基本规律,通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规则要记住,活的规则要通过做大量的练习掌握。总之学习英语要通过听、说、读、写、译来进行操练,不但要注意数量,更重要的是要注意质量,尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确,熟练。只有经过大量的实践,才能做到熟能生巧,运用自如。
提前预习,有的放矢
作为学生,在每次上课前,都要对要学的课文提前预习。首先在音标的帮助下试着拼读单词,也可以借助配套磁带反复听,对比一下,把握不准的要标出来,注意上课老师的发音,还要记一下单词的汉语意思和词性。借助课文的注释或辅导材料,预习一遍课文,找出不明白的地方,做到心中有数,在教师讲课时注意听这些地方。总之,预习的目的是熟悉要学的内容,找出不明白的地方,带着问题听课,做到有的放矢。
认真听课,积极配合
课堂是老师与学生一起学习、掌握、运用知识的主要场所。作为起主导作用的老师一方引导学生搞好课堂教学是很必要的,但也需要学习者的积极配合。上课要专心听讲、作好笔记、认真操练、积极思考。预习时出现的问题在课堂上教师没有讲到的,要向老师提出,把问题搞清楚,老师讲授的问题,先注意听,下课后整理一下笔记,反复思考一下这些问题,抓住老师所讲的重点,难点和考点。总之,上课时要做到耳听、眼观、嘴动、脑想,调动起多个感官来。
完成作业,找出问题
学完每一课,要认真完成课后作业。做作业时一定不要看参考书上题的答案,做完后再对答案,对于作业中所出现的不明白的问题,应该记下来,等下次上课时提出来。做作业是英语学习的很重要的环节,它是消化知识和巩固知识的过程,一定要认真完成规定的作业,笔头作业要动一动笔,口头作业要动一动嘴,提高听力要练一练耳,课文在听和读的基础上,最好背诵某些精彩段落。总之,要做大量的练习,英语是练出来的,一定不要偷懒。
及时复习,巩固知识
学会了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘,但学语言有遗忘现象是正常的。更不必因为有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与决心。问题在于怎样来减轻遗忘的程度。善于类比,总结知识,把新学的知识同过去学的有关的知识进行横向和纵向比较和联系。建立错误档案记录,加深印象,以避免再反同样错误。我们大部分知识和技能是靠重复获得的,及时复习对于记忆非常必要,学英语就是要坚持天天不断的练,不断地重复基本句型,常用词汇和基本语法等。学习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程。
总而言之,只要你能做到下定决心学,注意学习方法,把课前预习,认真听课,完成作业,及时复习这些环节作好了,你一定能够学好英语
2010年12月大学英语四级听力真题的试题与答案, Section A 短对话(11~18)
11.M: Oh my god!The heat is simply unbearable here.I wish we’ve gone to the beach instead.W: Well, with the museums and restaurants in Washington I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature.Q:What does the woman mean? 12.M: How’s the new job going?
W: Well, I’m learning a lot of new things, but I wish the director would give me some feedback.Q:What does the woman want to know? 13.M: Can you help me work out a physical training program John? W: Sure, but whatever you do be careful not to overdo it.Last time I had two weeks’ worth of weight-lifting in three days and I hurt myself.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 14.M: I have an elderly mother and I’m worried about her going on a plane.Is there any risk? W: Not if her heart is all right.If she has a heart condition, I’d recommend against it.Q: What does the man want to know about his mother? 15.M: Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? W: Sorry, I was just a bit absent-minded.Anyway, do I have to pay a fine? Q: what do we learn from the conversation? 16.M: I’m no expert, but that noise in your refrigerator doesn’t sound right.Maybe you should have it fixed.W: You’re right.And I suppose I’ve put it off long enough.Q: What will the woman probably do? 17.M: I did extremely well on the sale of my downtown apartment.Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it.W: Congratulations!Does that mean you’ll be moving soon? Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation? 18.W: My hand still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.I wonder if I broke something.M: I’m no doctor, but it’s not black and blue or anything.Maybe you just need to rest it for a few days.Q: what do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
长对话(19~21)
M: Mrs.Dawson, thanks very much for coming down to the station.I just like to go over some of the things that you told police officer Parmer at the bank.W: All right.M: Well, could you describe the man who robbed the bank for this report that we’re filling out here? Now, anything at all that you can remember would be extremely helpful to us.W: Well, just, I can only remember basically what I said before.M: That’s all right.W: The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.M: Very good.All right, did he have any other distinguishing marks? W: Um, no, none that I can remember.M: Do you remember how old he was by any chance? W: Well, I guess around 30, maybe younger, give or take a few years.M: Mm, all right.Do you remember anything about what he was wearing? W: Yes, yes, he had on a dark sweater, a solid color.M: OK.Um, anything else that strikes you at the moment? W: I remember he was wearing a light shirt under the sweater.Yes, yes.M: All right.Mrs.Dawson, I really appreciate what you’ve been through today.I’m just going to ask you to look at some photographs before you leave if you don’t mind.It won’t take very long.Can you do that for me? W: Oh, of course.M: Would you like to step this way with me, please? W: OK, sure.M: Thank you.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.What do we learn about the woman? 20.What did the suspect look like? 21.What did the man finally asked the woman to do?
长对话(22~25)
W: Good morning, I’m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.M: Well, could you tell me your name? W: Candider Forsett.M: Oh yes.What exactly is it that interests you about the job? W: Well, I thought it was just right for me.M: Really? Um… Could you tell me a little about yourself? W: Yes.I’m 23.I’ve been working abroad.M: Where exactly have you been working? W: In Geneva.M: Oh, Geneva.And what were you doing there? W: Secretarial work.Previous to that, I was at university.M: Which university was that? W: The University of Manchester.I’ve got a degree in English.M: You said you’ve been working in Geneva.Do you have any special reason for wanting to come back? W: I thought it would be nice to be near to the family.M: I see, and how do you see yourself developing in this job? W: Well, I’m ambitious.I do hope that my career as a secretary will lead me eventually into management.M: I see.You have foreign languages? W: French and Italian.M: Well, I think the best thing for you to do is do reply a writing to the advertisement.W: Can’t I arrange for an interview now?
M: Well, I’m afraid we must wait until all the applications are in, in writing, and we’ll then decide on the short list.If you are on the short list, of course we should see you.W: Oh, I see.M: I look forward to receiving your application in writing in a day or two.W: Oh, yes, yes, certainly.M: Ok, thank you very much.Goodbye.W: Thank you.Goodbye.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy? 23.Why did the woman find the job appealing? 24.What had the woman been doing in Geneva? 25.What was the woman asked to do in the end? Section B Passage One One of the greatest heartbreaks for fire fighters occurs when they fail to rescue a child from a burning building because the child, frightened by smoke and noise, hides under a bed or in a closet and is later found dead.Saddest of all is when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster.To prevent such tragedies, fire fighter Eric Velez gives talks to children in his community, explaining that they should never hide during a fire.He displays fire fighters’ equipment, including the oxygen mask, which he encourages his listeners to play with and put on.“If you see us,” Velez tells them, “don’t hide!We are not monsters.We have come to rescue you.” Velez gives his presentations in English and Spanish.Growing up in San Francisco, he learnt Spanish from his immigrant parents.Velez and other fire fighters throughout North America, who give similar presentations, will never know how many lives they save through their talks.But it’s a fact that informative speaking saves lives.For example, several months after listening to an informative speech, Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food, by using the method taught by student speaker, Julie Paris.In addition to saving lives, informative speakers help people learn new skills, solve problems and acquire fascinating facts about the exciting world in which they live.Why do some children trapped in a burning building hide from masked fire fighters? What does the passage tell us about fire fighter Eric Velez? What do we learn about Pete Gentry? What message is the speaker trying to convey?
Passage Two Some people want to make and save a lot of money in order to retire early.I see people pursuing higher paying and increasingly demanding careers to accomplish this goal.They make many personal sacrifices in exchange for income today.The problem is that tomorrow might not come.Even if it all goes according to plan, will you know how to be happy when you are not working if you spend your entire life making money? More importantly, who will be around for you to share your leisure time with? At the other extreme are people who live only for today.Why bother saving when I might not be here tomorrow, they argue.The danger of this approach is that tomorrow may come after all.And most people don't want to spend all their tomorrows working for a living.The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older.You maybe surprise to hear me say that if you must pick an extreme I think it's better to pick the spend-all approach.As long as you don't mind continuing to work, assuming your health allows, you should be OK.At least, you are making use of your money, and hopefully deriving value and pleasure from it.Postponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake.It may never come.Retirement can be a great time for some people.For others, it is a time of boredom, loneliness and poor health.Why do some people pursue higher paying but demanding careers?
What is the danger facing people who live only for today?
What does the speaker seem to advocate?
Passage Three Imagine that someone in your neighborhood broke the law, and the judge put the whole neighborhood under suspicion.How fair will that be? Well, it happens everyday to high schoolers.Just because some students have stolen things in shops, all of us are treated like thieves.Even though I’d never steal.Store employees looked at me like I’m some kind of hardened criminal.For example, during one lunch period, my friend Denny and I went to the Graben Gore Restaurant to have a hot dog.We arrived to find a line of students waiting outside.A new sign in the window told the story.“No more than two students at a time”.After 15 minutes, we finally got in.But the store manger laid the evil eye on us.I asked him about the new sign, and he said, “You kids are stealing too much stuff.” You kids? Too much stuff? We were not only assumed to be thieves, but brilliant, greedy thieves.The most annoying thing though, is the way employees watched my friends and me.It’s horrible.Once, at a drug store, I was looking around and found a guy standing on a large box, stocking the shelves.He was watching my hands, more than he was watching his own.I showed him that my hands were empty.He got down off his box and rushed off, as if he was going to get the store manger.How crazy is that!
33.What does the speaker find to be unfair?
34.What measure did the Graben Gore Restaurant take to stop stealing?
35.What happened in a drug store that greatly annoyed the speaker
Section C Writing keeps us in touch with other people.We write to communicate with relatives and friends.We write to preserve our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and appreciate their heritage.With computers and Internet connections in so many households, colleges, and businesses, people are e-mailing friends and relatives all the time--or talking to them in writing in online chat rooms.It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more convenient than waiting until Sunday for the telephone rates to drop.Students are e-mailing their professors to receive and discuss their classroom assignments and to submit them.They are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate on homework.They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events, as well as jokes and their philosophies of life.Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will always be a place and need for the personal letter.A hand-written note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts.No matter what the content of the message, its real point is, “I want you to know that I care about you.” This writing practice brings rewards that can’t be seen in bank accounts, but only in the success of human relationships
l 11.A)The man should visit the museums.B)She can’t stand the hot weather.C)The beach resort is a good choice.D)She enjoys staying in Washington.答案:D 解析:Woman最后说到I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature.这表明了她待在这里很愉快,很享受待在华盛顿,故选D。
12.A)Her new responsibilities in the company.B)What her job prospects are.C)What the customers’ feedback is.D)The director’s opinion of her work.答案:D 解析:Woman说到but I wish the director would give me some feedback.这表明了她希望得到director的意见(即反馈),故选D。
13.A)Combine her training with dieting.B)Repeat the training every three days.C)Avoid excessive physical training.D)Include weightlifting in the program.答案:C 解析:Man以自己上次因运动(举重)过量而受伤为例,建议女士应该量力而行,避免过量运动,故选C。
14.A)When she will return home.B)Whether she can go by herself.C)Whether she can travel by air.D)Whether she will completely recover.答案:C 解析:Man开头就说到I’m worried about her going on a plane.从中可知,他担心的是年老的母亲能不能乘飞机,故选C。
15.A)The woman knows how to deal with the police.B)The woman had been fined many times before.C)The woman had violated traffic regulations.D)The woman is good at finding excuses.答案:C 解析:警察开头问到 Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? 通过这句话就可以知道女士没有遵守交通规则,故选C。
16.A)Switch off the refrigerator for a while.B)Have someone repair the refrigerator.C)Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.D)Buy a refrigerator of better quality.答案:B 解析:Man说到 Maybe you should have it fixed,女士回答到You’re right.这说明女士也同意男士的看法,但并未提到让这个男士来修,故选B。
17.A)He owns a piece of land in the hometown area.B)He has got enough money to buy a house.C)He can finally do what he has dreamed of..D)He is moving into a bigger apartment.答案:C 解析:Man第二句话说到Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it.表明他能实现买地建房的理想了,故选C。
18.A)She is black and blue all over.B)She has to go to see a doctor.C)She stayed away from work for a few days.D)She got hurt in an accident yesterday.答案:D 解析:Woman说的第一句话是My hands still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.从中可知这位女士昨天在冰上滑倒受伤了,但是男士认为伤势并不严重,只建议她休养几天就可以了,不必去看医生。C是较强的干扰项,应该是女士现在需要休息而不是过去已经休息了几天,故选D。
Section A长对话答案
19.What do we learn about the woman? 【答案】D She was a witness to the crime.【解析】文中男士需要女士描述一下抢劫银行的人(describe the man who robbed the bank)。选项中B提到了robbery,但是对话中没有说明女士是受害者(victim);D选项提到了她目击了某个犯罪经过,robbery显然是crime的一种。
20.What did the suspect look like? 【答案】A A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.【解析】原文中提到The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.,对应选项A。
21.What did the man finally asked the woman to do? 【答案】A Identify the suspect from pictures.【解析】对话结尾处,男士要求女士look at some photographs,很显然,他的目的是让女士通过照片来辨别嫌疑人。因此选择A。
22.How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy? 【答案】A By reading a newspaper ad.【解析】 job vacancy指空缺的职位。在对话一开始,女士就说到她的目的:I’m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.从这句话中可以看出她得知职位信息的来源是the paper last night,对应A选项。
23.Why did the woman find the job appealing? 【答案】B She could work close to her family.【解析】本题关键词是appealing,意为引起兴趣的。女士提到她喜欢这份工作的原因是be near to the family.,close是near的同义替换词,因此选择B选项。
24.What had the woman been doing in Geneva? 【答案】C Working as a secretary.【解析】女士提到她在日内瓦做了一些secretarial work,也就是选项C中的secretary。虽然她也提到之前在大学学习,但是她取得的学位是a degree in English,而非选项D中的a degree in French.25.What was the woman asked to do in the end? 【答案】C Send in a written application as soon as possible.【解析】对话中女士希望得到面试机会,但是男士要求先要递交书面申请(reply a writing to the advertisement),并不是所有人都能得到面试机会,因此选择答案C。Section B第一篇答案 Why do some children trapped in a burning building hide from masked fire fighters? 【解析】D)They mistake the firefighters for monsters.细节题,从开始when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster一句中便可得出因为不熟悉消防人员戴面具的形象,孩子们以为来救援的消防人员是怪兽,所以躲起来。所以选D。其他选项文中都没有涉及到。What does the passage tell us about fire fighter Eric Velez? 【解析】B)He often teaches children what to do during a fire.本篇文章大篇幅讲的是Eric Velez给社区里的孩子讲解消防知识,让他们熟悉消防人员及消防工具的过程。选项A,put out fire虽然是Eric Velez的工作,但是本文重点不是在其消防员救活这个工作上,C、D选项很容易就可以排除。所以选B。What do we learn about Pete Gentry? 【解析】A)He saved the life of his brother choking on food.细节题,从Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food一句便可得出答案,文章中关于Pete Gentry的主要信息就是他救了噎着食物的弟弟。所以选A。做题时一定要把人名及其所做的事准确对应起来。What message is the speaker trying to convey? 【解析】D)Informative speeches can save lives.主旨题,本文举了一个大例子,一下小例子来证明教育性的演说有救人性命的好处。虽然在文章最后也列举了下其他好处,但是主旨还是拯救生命。所以选D。其他几个选项都主要讲细节处,很容易就可以排除。
听力答案及解析(SecB 第二篇)
听力文章分析:
本篇听力讲述的是截然不同的两种生活态度,一种是“make and save a lot of money in order to retire early”,另一种则是“live only for today”,作者在陈述两种不同态度之后,针对两种态度给出了自己的看法“it's better to pick the spend-all approach”。本篇听力不是太难,没有较难的词汇,虽然有几个需要注意的句式,如:“At the other extreme are people who live only for today.Why bother saving„ ”等,但是通过上下文也是不难理解的,而且结构也比较清楚,基本上可以分为三部分:两种不同的态度和作者的观点,所考察的三道题也上针对了这三个主要的点。由此可见,听听力的时候依然首先要从全文来把握,把握文章的要点,在把握要点的基础上,有重点的去听一些细节,如与要点相关的原因和后果,以及作者本人对这些事情的看法,遇到与此相关的信号词或者关键词时就一定要注意重点记忆。
答案及解析: C)To make money for early retirement.本题考察原因,问为什么人们喜欢比较苛求但收入较高的工作,其实听力一开始就用in order to 给出了原因,即:retire early,所以选C项。
A)They may have to continue to work in old age.本题考察后果,问只为当下而活的人面临着什么危险,从“The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older.”中可以看出A是正确选项,及在年老时有可能不得不继续工作。
B)Enjoying yourself while you can.本课考察文章作者的态度,从 “Postponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake.”中可以看出,作者认为想等到退休后再做自己想做的事情以及和自己喜欢的人在一起可能是一种错误,所以选B,即趁着自己还可以的时候要懂得享受生活。
没事就用这些词练练你的嘴皮子~~
●说吧,你是想死呢还是不想活了? ●好久没有人把牛皮吹的这么清新脱俗了!
●你给我滚,马不停蹄的滚……
●人人都说我丑,其实我只是美得不明显。
●无理取闹,必有所图!
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●天被熬亮了。
●不是路不平,而是你不行。
●恶心妈妈抱着恶心哭得很伤心,为什么呢?因为恶心死了……
●要不是打不过你,我早就和你翻脸了。●我这心碎得,捧出来跟饺子馅似的。
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●没人牵手,我就揣兜。
●我的兴趣爱好可分为静态和动态两种,静态就是睡觉,动态就是翻身…
●唉~这人要一没正形,连头痛都是偏的。●我这人不太懂音乐,所以时而不靠谱,时而不着调。●怎么会突然想哭?难道我也有些逆流成河的小忧伤?
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●好漂亮的美女叔叔啊!
●我不跟猪摔跤有两个原因:首先这让我自己变得很脏,其次这让猪很高兴。
●没事偷着乐是不太可能了,偷着胖还是有点儿希望.●放下屠刀立地成佛的意思是,你放下屠刀的那一刻对方把你砍成两瓣儿了。
●没事可做时,觉得最累。
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●李碧华说过: 什么叫多余?夏天的棉袄,冬天的蒲扇,还有等我已经心冷后你的殷勤。
●永远年轻,永远装嫩,永远不知好歹,永远热泪盈眶。
●我爸面对我发胖一事发表了看法:没有韩红的命,还得了韩红的病。●你来我信你不会走,你走我当你没来过。——我们该这样对待缘分与爱。
●曾以为我是那崖畔的一枝花,后来才知道,不过是人海一粒渣。
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●荡气回肠,消化不良。
●女人喜欢长的坏坏的男人,并不是喜欢长坏了的男人..●麻子不叫麻子,坑人。
●江湖险恶,不行就撤!
●不敲几下,你不可能知道一个人或一个西瓜的好坏。
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●孤独的人常表现得很坚强;寂寞的人则多半温和。
●大笑是绽放的微笑。
●我的意中人是个绝色大美女,终于有一天她会骑着喷火的恐龙来嫁给我
的,可是我看见了她的坐骑,却没有看见她的主人。
●孤单是一个人的狂欢,狂欢是一群人的孤单。
●虽不安分,也该守己。
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●人不犯我,我不犯人。人若犯我,我就生气!
●别逼我,否则我伟大起来,一发不可收拾。
●我们是平凡的人,我们也是特别的人,所以我们是特别平凡的人。
●那个人敢说自己纯净?瞧你那眼神就透着浑浊。
●没有什么比弱者对强者的鄙视更无力了。
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●如有雷同,纯属你抄我●笨鸟先飞,笨猪先肥。
●当你的眼泪忍不住要流出来的时候,睁大眼睛,千万别眨眼,你会看到世
界由清晰到模糊的全过程。
●告诉你别逼我,你要是再逼我,我就装死给你看。
●年轻算什么,谁没年轻过?你老过吗?真是的
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●别用世故的样子来武装自己,它会水土不服。
●解释就是掩饰,掩饰就是编故事。
●所谓门槛,过去了便是门,过不去就成了槛。
●陌生阻止你认识陌生的事物,熟悉妨碍你理解熟悉的事物。
●人生的悲哀就在于,当你想两肋插刀的时候,却只有一把刀。
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● 如果全是老姜,将是一个何等辛辣的社会。
● 狮子不会因为听到狗吠而回头。
● 水越深,水流越平稳。
●在你不当回事的时候,一切就好了起来。
● 无论是国王还是农夫,只要能在自己家里找到安宁,他就是最幸福的人。
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● 一分钱一分货,稀饭吃了不经饿.● 水壶啊,你为什么哭泣,是因为屁股太烫了吗?
● 如果命运抓住了伱的喉咙,伱就挠命运嘚胳肢窝。
● 拦着成长的不是幼稚,而是自以为成熟。
● 如果命运折断了你的腿,他会教你如何跛行
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● 打死你我也不说
●左脑全是水,右脑全是面粉,不动便罢了,一动全是浆糊
●挣钱就像用针掘地,花钱就像水渗进土里。
●我也有要去的地方,只是我要去的地方,没道路通向那里。
●你浪费的粮食都会堵在你去往天堂的路上。
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●生活是丰富多彩的,但我也有自己的颜色。
●如果有一天我失踪了,只有两种可能:身体在旅行,或者灵魂在旅行。
●讓人格与腦門一同閃亮。
●你的丑和你的脸没有关系。●我从来没有欺骗过你,因为我从来没有欺骗你的必要。
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●我可以选择放弃,但我不能放弃选择。
●天没降大任于我,照样苦我心志,劳我筋骨。
●也许似乎大概是,然而未必不见得。
●再过一百年,就长成了参天大葱。
●幸福就是当你照镜子的时候,喜欢你看到的那个人。
第五篇:新大学英语四级考试词汇真题大汇集_英语四六级学习资料_外语学习资料
1.imaginative /imaginable /imaginary 这三者都是形容词。
imaginative表示“富有想象力的,爱想象的”;imaginable是“可以想象得到的”,常与形容词最高级或all,every,only等连用,可放在被修饰的名词后;
imaginary是“想象的,虚构的,假想的”。
e.g.an imaginative artist 富有想象力的艺术家
the only solution imaginable 唯一想得出的办法
an imaginary enemy 假想敌
典型考题:The doctor is trying to save the patient by every means _______ .
A.imaginative B.imaginable C.imaginary D.imagination
答案B。句意:医生在努力用一切想得出的办法来抢救这位病人。imagination为名词,“想象力,想象”。
2.incident /accident/ event
incident与accident,event都可以表示“事件”。accident多指造成损失的意外事故,如车祸等。固定短语by accident(=by
chance)偶然; incident“事件”,一般指比较次要的事件,但也可指在政治上会引起国际争端或战争的事件、事变,作为形容词时,其相应的短语be
incident to表“易发生的”;event指较重大的事件或历史事件,复数形式表“时局”、“时事”。
e.g.the July 7th Incident of 1937 1937年七七事变
a disease incident to children 儿童易发病
He met with an accident during this journey.他在这次旅途中出事了。
an important event 大事
典型考题:He was killed in a traffic_______ in 1999.
A.incident B.event C.incidence D.accident
答案D。句意:他在1999年的一次交通事故中死亡。incidence为名词,“影响”,“发生率”。
3.industrial/industrious
industrial 与industrious 两词都是形容词,但意思不同。industrial是“工业的,工业发达的,供工业的”意思;
industrious“勤劳的,勤奋的”,固定短语be industriousin“勤于做„„”。
e.g.an industrialworker 产业工人
The Chinese people are industrious and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
Industrial Revolution 产业革命,工业革命
典型考题:The young couple is_______ in their own factory.
A.industrial B.industrious C.indulge D.individual
答案B。句意:这对年轻的夫妇勤于经营他们自己的工厂。indulge表“沉溺,放纵”,是动词;individual“个别的,单独的”。
4.insensible /insensitive
形容词insensible与insensitive,前者表“失去知觉的,昏迷的”,“一无所知的(作表语)”,它还可指“(变化)极其细微的、极其缓慢的”;后者表“感觉迟钝的,不敏感的,不灵敏的”,常用于固定短语be
insensitive to“对„„不敏感,对„„感觉迟钝”。
e.g.fall insensible 昏过去
insensible motion 极缓慢的运动
be insensible of one's danger 不知道自己所面临的危险
be insensitive to the public opinion 对舆论反应不灵敏
He was knocked insensible by a sudden blow彼遭人猛然一击而不省人事。
典型考题:Generally speaking,the blind are _______ to light.
A.insensible B.insensitive C.insecure D.insignificant
答案B。句意:一般说来,盲人对光没有感觉。insecure“不安全的,无保障的”;insignificant“无意义的,无关紧要的”。
5.jealous /envious
形容词jealous,envious二者近义,都表“妒忌的,羡慕的”。envious主要作“羡慕”解,指希望得到别人的东西;用于贬意时,指因未获得某物而不满。而jealous语义要比envious强,指对别人占有的或自己企图占有的东西感到不满或怀有恼恨的心理,认为应属于自己或自己应得。二者常用于固定短语be
envious of/be jealous of当中。jealous还表“留意提防的,猜疑的,戒备的”。
e.g.be envious of another person's good fortune 羡慕他人的好运气
be jealous of their great success 嫉妒他们的成功
be jealous of one's rights 小心翼翼地保护自己的权利
典型考题:We should keep a _______ eye on the prisoners every moment.
A.jealous B.envious C.jealousy D.envy
答案A。句意:我们要每时每刻注意看守犯人。jealousy,envy 分别是 jealous 与 envious 相应的名词。
6.join /connect /combine
这三个词都表示“连接”。join强调原来是分离着的东西,现在连接或联合在一起,除“连接”外,也有“加入”的意思;connect指两物在某些方
面有关联,但各自保持自己的特点和独立性,可用于具体事物或抽象概念;combine着重“结合为一”,多用于抽象或无形的东西。
e.g.join the army 参军
join in a conversation 参加谈话
The two cities are connected by a newly-built railway.一条新建的铁路把两个城市衔接起来。
Combine enthusiasm with perseverance,and we shall succeed.有了热情,再加上不懈的努力,我们就会成功。
典型考题:Don't waste time;let's_______ hands in the business.
A.join B.connect C.combine D.join in
答案A。句意:别浪费时间了,让我们携起手来。join in后接某项活动。
7.journal/periodical/magazine
journal与periodical,magazine这三个词均表“杂志”。journal“专刊”,正式用语,多指学术性刊物或描述当前人们关心事情的刊物;periodical“期刊、杂志”,多指定期发行的刊物,如周刊、月刊,不指日刊;magazine主要指一种常带插图并收集各种各样的文章、故事、诗歌、评论等的期刊。它以刊登专门材料为内容,以具有某种特殊爱好、兴趣或职业的读者为对象。
e.g.a scientifical journal 科学杂志
a weekly periodical 周刊
several kinds of magazines 好几种杂志
典型考题:As a doctor,I'm very interested in medical _______.
A.magazine B.journal C.periodical D.technical
答案B。句意:作为医生,我对医学杂志非常感兴趣。technical 技术的,专门的。
8.knock /beat /hit/strike
这四个词均可用作名词和动词,都与汉语的“打”有关。knock指用拳头或其他硬的东西“敲、击、打”,也可指“击成”某种状态。常接头、球、墙壁等物作宾语。固定短语knock
down表“击倒,撞倒,摧毁”;beat“打一顿”,指连续地打,还可指“有节奏的敲击声,节拍,(心脏等)跳动”;hit侧重“击中”的意思,有时可以表示“打一下”;strike一般用语的“打”,用途很广,另有“罢工”之意。
e.g.knock at the window 敲窗户
beat sb眜p 打某人一顿
be beaten to death 被打死
a hit on the target 命中目标
strike the nail with a hammer 用锤敲钉子
典型考题:As we know,“_______ while the iron is hot”is a famous proverb.
A.knock B.beat C.hit D.strike
答案D。句意:众所周知,“趁热打铁”是句有名的谚语。
9.knowledge /information /learning
knowledge“知识”,一般是指正确而且系统的知识,它可指个人的知识,也可指全人类所积累的知识。它前面常用表示“获得”的动词,如acquire,obtain,get等。但它不与study或learn连用。常用词组to
sb's knowledge表“据某人所知”;
information“知识”,指个人从他人、书本、观察、实际中所得来的真实的或想象的知识或信息,常指零碎的知识,亦有“资料,情报”之意;learning“知识,学问”,指通过刻苦钻研后获得的反映客观事物的系统知识。它还表“学习”。
e.g.book knowledge 书本知识
acquire knowledge 求得知识
accumulate a great amount of information 积累大量的资料
firsthand information 第一手资料
officialinformation 官方消息
a man of learning 有学问的人,学者
典型考题:To my _______,Tom has been there severaltimes.
A.knowledge B.view C.information D.learning
答案A。句意:据我所知,汤姆到过那儿好几次了。view“观点,看法”。
L
1.lap/l p/n.①膝上②(跑道的)一圈③(旅程的)一段v.①(动物)舔,舔食②(波浪等)拍打
[常用词组]
lap up 欣然接受
2.largely/`la:d li/ad.大部分,主要地
3.laser/`leiz /n.激光
4.latter/`l t /n.后者a.①后者的②后一半的,末了的
5.launch/l n,la:n /vt.①发动,发起(运动),推出(产品)②(into,in)使开始从事③从(船)下水④发射
n.发射,(船)下水,(新产品)投产laundry/`l ndri/n.①洗衣店,洗衣房②洗好的衣服,待洗的衣服
6.lavatory/`l v、t ri,`l v t ri/n.厕所,盥洗室
7.lawn/l n/n.草地,草坪
8.layout/`leiaut/n.布局,安排,设计
9.leader/`li:d /n.领袖,领导者
10.leadership/`li:d ip/n.领导,领导层
11.layer/`lei /n.层,层次
12.laughter/`l ft,`la:ft /n.笑,笑声
13.leading/`li:di /a.①最重要的,主要的②首位的,带头的,领衔的14.leak/li:k/v.①(使)漏,(使)渗出②泄露,走漏n.①漏洞,裂缝②泄漏,漏出量③(消息等的)走漏
15.lean/li:n/vi.①倾斜,屈身②靠,倚,依靠vt.使倾斜,使倚靠a.①瘦的,少脂肪的②贫乏的,贫瘠的,收益少的
16.leap/li:p/vi.①跳,跳跃②激增,骤变
[常用词组]
by /in leaps and bound 极其迅速地
17.legislation/、led is`lei n/n.①法律,法规②立法,法律的制定(或通过)
leisure/`li: 迹琡le 迹痭.①空闲时间,闲暇②悠闲,安逸
[常用词组]
at leisure①有空,闲暇时②从容不迫地,不慌不忙地
18.lemon/`lem n/n.①柠檬(树)②柠檬黄,淡黄色
19.lens/lenz/n.透镜,镜头,镜片
20.lest/lest/ conj.唯恐,免得
[考点]lest引导目的状语从句,从句的谓语动词用(should)+动词原形表示虚拟语气。类似的词语还有: inorder that,for fear
that,in case。
[全真考题]
The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he_______ himself.(CET-4,98.1—38)
A)injure B)had injured C)injured D)would injure
[答案]A
[注释]本题测试lest用法。由lest引导的句子谓语部分
应用虚拟语气should +动词原形,should可以省略,故A)injure正确。lest意为“以防、以免”,等同于in case,for fear
that。
[译文]这个疯子被关进墙上装有衬垫的病房,以免他伤害自己。
21.liable/`lai bl/a.
①(to)可能的,大概的②(for)有法律责任的,有义务的③(to)易于„„的,有„„倾向的,易患„„病的
22.liberal/`lib r l/a.①心胸宽阔的,开明的②自由的,不受约束的③(指政治观点上的)自由主义的④ 慷慨的,大方的
23.liberate/`lib reit/vt.
①解放,使获自由②释放,放出
liberty/`lib ti/n.①自由,自由权②许可,准许③[常pl.]过于随便,放肆
[常用词组]
at liberty 自由的,不受囚禁的24.limitation/、limi`tei n/n.①限制,限度②[常pl.]局限
[全真考题]
With all its advantages,the computer is by no means without its_______.(CET-6,91.6—60)
A)boundaries B)restraints C)confinements D)limitations
[答案]D
[注释]A)boundaries,boundary意为“分界线,边界”。B)restraints,restraint意为“限制的东西”。C)confinements,confinement意为“限制”。D)limitations,limitation意为“缺点,局限性”。
[译文]计算机尽管有许多优点,但并非没有局限性。
25.loan/l un/n.贷款,借,贷vt.暂借
[常用词组]
on loan 暂借的(地)
26.lobby/`l bi/n.①(旅馆、戏院等的)大厅,休息室②院外活动集团v.向(议员等)进行游说(或疏通)
27.local/`l uk l/a.①地方性的,当地的,本地的②局部的,狭隘的n.[常pl.]当地人,本地人
28.locate/l u`keit/vt.①探明,找出②把„„设置在,使座落于
29.location/l u`kei n/n.①位置,场所②(电影的)外景拍摄地
30.lodge/l d /vi.暂住,借宿vt.供„„以临时住宿n.乡间小屋,旅舍
31.log/l g/n.①原木,木料②航海(或飞行)日志vt.正式记录
[常用词组]
log in 进入计算机系统
log out 退出计算机系统
32.logic/`l d ik/n.逻辑(学),逻辑性
33.logical/`l d ik l/a.①逻辑(上)的,符合逻辑的②合乎常理的34.loop/lu:p/n.①圈,环,环状物②回路,循环v.(使)成环,(使)成圈
35.loose/lu:s/a.①松的,宽松的②不精确的,不严密的③自由的,散漫的36.loosen/`lu:s n/v.①解开,放松②松驰
l37.oyal/`l i l/a.忠诚的,忠心的loyalty/`l i lti/n.忠诚,忠心
[全真考题]
Dogs are often praised for their _______;they almost never abandon their masters.(CET-6,95.6—70)
A)faith B)loyalty C)trust D)truthfulness
[答案]B
[注释]A)faith意为“信心,信任”。B)loyalty意为“忠实”。C)trust意为“信任,信赖”。D)truthfulness意为“诚实,说真话”。
[译文]狗经常因为忠实而受到称赞,它们几乎从来不背弃自己的主人。
M
1.manner/`m n /n.
①方式,方法②态度,举止③[pl.]风度,礼貌,规矩
[常用词组]
all manner of 各种各样的,形形色色的in a manner of speaking 不妨说,在某种意义上
2.manual/`m nju l/a.用手的,手工做的n.手册,指南
3.manufacture/`m njuf kt /vt.(大量)制造,加工n.①(大量)制造,制造业②[pl.]制造品,产品
4.manufacturer/.m nju`f kt r /n.制造商,制造厂
5.mathematical/.m i`m tik l/a.数学(上)的6.mature/m `t u,m `tju /a.①熟的,成熟的②成年人的③深思熟虑的,慎重的④(票据等)到期的,应支付的v.(使)成熟,(使)长成
7.maximum/`m ksim m/a.最高的,最大的,顶点的n.最大限度,最大量,顶点
8.mayor/m /n.市长
9.means/mi:nz/n.①方法,手段,工具②金钱,财产
[常用词组]
by all means 当然可以
by means of 用,依靠
by no means 决不,并没有
10.meantime/`mi:ntaim /ad./n.其时,其间
11.measurement/`me m nt,馺mei m nt/n.①衡量,测量②[常pl.](量得的)尺寸,大小
12.mechanic/mi駅Vnik/n.①技工,机修工2.[-s]力学,机械学3.[pl.](制作或操作的)过程,方法,技术性细节
13.mechanical/mi`k nik l/a.①机械的,机械制造的②机械学的,力学的③机械似的,呆板的
14.mechanism/`mek niz m/n.①机械装置②机制,机理③办法,途径
15.medal/`med l/n.奖牌,奖章,勋章
16.media/`mi:di /n.新闻媒介,传播媒介
17.medium/`mi:dj m/a.中等的,适中的n.①媒质,媒介物,传导体②新闻媒介,传播媒介③手段,工具
18.melt/melt/v.①(使)融化,(使)溶化②(使)消散,(使)逐渐消失
19.membership/`memb ip/n.①会员身份(或资格、地位),会籍②全体会员,会员数
20.memorial/mi`m ri l/a.纪念的,悼念的n.纪念碑,纪念堂,纪念仪式
21.merchant/`m :t nt/n.商人
22.mercy/`m :si/n.①慈悲,仁慈,宽容②恩惠,幸运
[常用词组]
at the mercy of 任凭„„的摆布,完全受„„支配
[全真考题]
Even though he was guilty,the_______ judge did not send him to prison.(CET-6,97.1—5)
A)merciful B)impartial
C)conscientious D)conspicuous
[答案]A
[注释]A)merciful意为“仁慈的,宽大的”。B)impartial意为“不偏不倚的、公正的”。C)conscientious意为“认真的,勤恳的”。D)conspicuous意为“显眼的、明显的”。
[译文]尽管他有罪,那位仁慈的法官也没有把他送进监狱。
23.mess/mes/n.①凌乱状态,脏乱状态②混乱的局面,困境vt.弄糟,弄脏,搞乱
[常用词组]
mess about/around ①无目的、无计划地瞎忙②浪费时间,闲荡③轻率地对待
mess up ①把„„弄糟②把„„弄乱(或弄脏)
mess with 干预,介入
24.minor/`main /a.①较小的,较少的②次要的n.①未成年人②副修科目vi.(in)(大学中)副修
25.minority/mi`n riti,mai`n riti/n.①少数,少数派②少数民族
[全真考题]
Most nurses are women,but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a_______.(CET-6,97.6—53)
A)scarcity B)minority C)minimum D)shortage
[答案]B
[注释]A)scarcity意为“稀少,歉收”。B)minority意为“少数”。C)minimum意为“最低限度,最少量”。D)
shortage意为“不足,缺少”。
[译文]大多数护士是妇女,但在高层次的医务工作中,妇女只是少数。
26.mister/`mist /n.先生
27.misunderstand/.mis nd `st nd/vt.误解,误会
28.mixture/`mikst /n.①混合②混合物
29.mobile/`m ubail/a.①运动的,活动的,可动的②流动的,机动的③多变的,易变的n.移动电话
[全真考题]
The service operates 36libraries throughout the country,while six _______ libraries specially serve the countryside.(CET-6,93.6—54)
A)mobile B)drifting C)shifting D)rotating
[答案]A
[注释]A)mobile意为“活动的,流动的”。B)drifting意为“漂流的”。C)
shifting意为“移动的、转换的”。D)
rotating意为“正在转动的,旋转的”。
[译文]这家服务机构在全国有36个图书馆,同时有6个专为农村服务的流动图书馆。
30.mode/m ud/n.方式,样式,风格
31.moderate/`m d rit/a.①中等的,一般的②温和的,稳健的③有节制的,适度的
/`m d reit/v.(使)和缓,(使)减轻,(使)减弱
/`m d rit/n.持温和观点者
32.modest/`m dist/a.①谦虚的,谦逊的②适中的,适度的,不太多的③羞怯的
33.modify/`m difai/vt.①修改,更改②(语法上)修饰
34.moist/m ist/a.潮湿的,湿润的35.moisture/`m ist/n.潮湿,湿气
36.mold/m uld /n.①霉,霉菌②模子,模型,铸模③(人的)性格,气质,类型vt.①用模子制作,浇铸,塑造②使形成,影响„„的形成,把„„塑造成
37.molecule/`m likju:l/n.分子
38.monthly/`m n li/a.每月的,每月一次的n.月刊
39.monument/`m njum nt/n.①纪念碑,纪念馆②历史遗迹
40.mood/mu:d/n.①心情,情绪②(动词的)语气
[全真考题]
My father seemed to be in no _______to look at my school
report.(CET-4,99.1—63)A)mood B)emotion C)attitude D)feeling
[答案]A
[注释]测试固定词组。be in no mood to do sth.没有心情做某事,还可为:be(not)in the mood to do
sth.(没)有心情做某事。
[译文]我父亲似乎没有心情看我的成绩单。
41.multiple/`m ltipl/a.复合的,多重的,多种多样的n.倍数
42.multiply/`m ltiplai/v.①(使)增加,(使)繁殖②乘,(使)相乘
43.muscle/`m sl/n.①肌肉,体力②力量,实力
[全真考题]
I walked too much yesterday and _______ are still aching now.(CET-4,95.6—56)A)my
leg's muscles B)my muscles of leg
C)my leg muscles D)my muscles of the leg
[答案]C
[注释]习惯用法。名词leg作定语,修饰muscles,意为“腿部肌肉”。A)my leg's muscles名词所有格大多数用于表示有生命的名词,如my
sister's books,或用于表示时间、距离的名词,如today's newspaper。如用介词of表示所有关系,应为the muscles of my
legs,所以可排除B、D。
[译文]我昨天走得太多,现在我的腿部肌肉还在疼
育搜索