欧洲央行行长德拉基：银行业测试完成前,欧洲支援需就位_现货白银资讯

第一篇：欧洲央行行长德拉基：银行业测试完成前,欧洲支援需就位_现货白银资讯

臻豪财富 欧洲央行行长德拉基：银行业测试完成前，欧洲支援需就位_现货白银资讯

欧洲央行(ECB)行长德拉基(Mario Draghi)周五(11月22日)表示，在欧洲央行于一年时间内完成银行业测试之前，除了国家支援需要就位之外，整个欧洲的统一支持也需要到位。

在未来一年，欧洲当局将展开一系列行动，测试银行在不求助于纳税人资金的情况下承受新危机的能力。

德拉基称：“如果民间解决方案无法以及时且务实的方式达成，公共部门也有责任。”

他表示，预计将在明年1月底之前同欧盟银行业管理局(EBA)一同公布压力测试的主要参数。

他认为，迫切需要建立单一清算机制。此外，他支持在远早于2018年的时候实行自救工具。

德拉基还表示，欧元区形势已大幅改善，但仍面临挑战；需要确保经济复苏。

他说，维持低利率是因为经济依旧疲软；长期而言低利率确会危及金融稳定，但目前尚未出现这种情况。

他并称，维持物价稳定的使命是双向的；当通胀过低或过高时，欧洲央行必须采取行动。

他还指出，多个国家拖延改革的执行；必须维护欧元区共同利益。附近，上方压力1243附近。

第二篇：欧洲央行行长德拉基在第8届统计会议上讲话英文版

Eighth ECB Statistics Conference Welcome address by Mario Draghi, President of the ECB, at the Eighth ECB Statistics Conference, Central Bank Statistics: moving beyond the aggregates, Frankfurt am Main, 6 July 2016 The title of today’s conference is “Central bank statistics: moving beyond the aggregates”.Disaggregated data are indeed necessary to identify and analyse the heterogeneity that characterises the real world.For central banks this is particularly important: to implement policy in the most effective way, we need to know how our policy actions affect all sectors of the economy.Both the challenges posed by the current economic climate for monetary and macroprudential policy, and the information required to carry out microprudential supervision by the Single Supervisory Mechanism(SSM)increase our need for granular data.今天会议的题目是“央行统计:超越总量”。分类数据确实需要识别和分析真实世界的异质性。对于中央银行来说，这一点尤为重要:要以最有效的方式实施政策，我们需要知道我们的政策行动如何影响到整个经济领域。当前经济环境对货币和宏观审慎政策所带来的挑战，以及由单一监管机制(SSM)实施微观审慎监管所需的信息，增加了我们对颗粒数据的需求。

But this need for a greater level of disaggregation of data comes with its own challenges.The first one is to ensure that data are collected in a way that permits multiple uses.This requires greater harmonisation, and an ability to share data between institutions in a way that still respects confidentiality.The second challenge is to engage with the financial sector to ensure that the increase in data collection does not become burdensome.但这需要更大程度的数据分解，随之而来的是自身的挑战。第一个是确保数据以允许多种用途的方式收集。这需要更大的协调，以及以一种仍然尊重机密的方式在机构间共享数据的能力。第二个挑战是与金融部门接触，以确保数据收集的增加不会成为负担。Why the need for granular data? main policy functions in several ways.改善分散的数据收集将以多种方式支持欧洲央行的主要政策职能。

On the monetary policy side, greater understanding of the functioning of money markets and of the impact of the monetary transmission mechanism on individual sub-sectors of the economy helps to underpin our analysis of unconventional monetary policy tools and to effectively target future measures.Indeed, this week saw the official go-live of the reporting of data on up to 35,000 daily transactions in the money market, complete with information on quantities, prices and counterparties.This is a very rich information set, crucial for our liquidity management and for understanding the first step of the monetary transmission mechanism.在货币政策方面，更好地理解货币市场的运作，以及货币传导机制对经济各个子部门的影响，有助于我们分析非常规货币政策工具，并有效地制定未来措施。的确，本周，官方的数据显示，在货币市场上，每天有多达35000个交易数据，包括数量、价格和交易对手的信息。这是一个非常丰富的信息集合，对于我们的流动性管理和理解货币传导机制的第一步至关重要。

Collecting more granular data also helps us to better understand the transmission process through the economy more broadly.We need more information on the linkages between individual sectors of the economy and, even more so, between large financial institutions.There are some important areas of the financial sector where we lack complete statistical coverage, especially relating to what we call the “shadow banking system”.These areas include some complex market products and instruments.收集更多的粒状数据也有助于我们更广泛地了解经济的传导过程。我们需要更多关于经济各个部门之间的联系的信息，甚至是大型金融机构之间的联系。金融领域的一些重要领域，我们缺乏完全的统计覆盖，特别是与我们所谓的“影子银行系统”有关。这些领域包括一些复杂的市场产品和工具。

Similarly, our new responsibilities in European banking supervision call for new data concepts and definitions, greatly extending the need for granular data.A successful start has been made, with a new set of legal acts.The collection of loan-by-loan data is already being implemented, but further improvements are possible.In particular, we need to make sure that the data we collect are of a high quality and comparable.同样，我们在欧洲银行监管方面的新职责要求新数据概念和定义，极大地扩展了对颗粒数据的需求。一项新的法律行动已经成功地开始了。贷款数据的收集已经在实施，但进一步的改善是可能的。特别是，我们需要确保我们收集的数据具有高质量和可比性。

Effective data integration and cooperation（有效的数据整合）

But today’s conference is about more than just collecting additional data.The sharing of data by authorities is also critical.Doing this effectively and efficiently, while maintaining data confidentiality, is a priority for policymakers.It requires action from policy institutions and lawmakers.Putting in place the right architecture will permit a faster and more efficient response to requests across all our policy areas, greatly enhancing the usefulness of granular data.但今天的会议不仅仅是收集额外的数据。当局的数据共享也很关键。在保持数据机密性的同时，有效和高效地做到这一点，是政策制定者的首要任务。它需要政策机构和立法者的行动。正确的体系结构将允许对所有政策领域的请求进行更快、更有效的响应，极大地提高了粒度数据的实用性。

We have made some progress on the legal foundations for sharing granular data.Council Regulation 2533/98 has been amended to permit the ECB to(re)use confidential statistical information to perform its supervisory tasks.The information can also be shared with Union institutions, including supervisory and resolution authorities, the European Systemic Risk Board and the European Stability Mechanism for the purposes of prudential supervision and ensuring financial stability.This is a major achievement.我们在共享粒度数据的法律基础上取得了一些进展。理事会第2533 / 98号规则已修订，允许欧洲央行使用保密的统计资料执行其监督任务。这些信息还可以与工会机构分享，包括监管和决议机构、欧洲系统风险委员会(European系统性风险委员会)和欧洲稳定机制(European Stability Mechanism)，以确保审慎监管和确保金融稳定。这是一项重大成就。

The European System of Central Banks(ESCB)has also taken important steps to improve the harmonisation and standardisation of data.The current work on the Banks’ Integrated Reporting Dictionary, a joint project involving seven national central banks and 26 commercial banks under the leadership of the ECB, is the best example.This process could and should ultimately enable us to organise the various reporting requirements into a single, comprehensive and harmonised European Reporting Framework.欧洲中央银行系统(ESCB)也采取了重要步骤来改进数据的协调和标准化。在欧洲央行的领导下，一项涉及7家国家央行和26家商业银行的联合项目是银行整合报告词典的最新工作，这是最好的例子。这个过程可以而且应该最终使我们能够将各种报告要求组织成单

一、全面和协调的欧洲报告框架。

But the need for harmonisation and standardisation also extends beyond Europe.Finance is a global business, and both the regulation and the underlying data requirements for global institutions would benefit from more harmonisation worldwide.Concrete steps towards standardisation include the establishment of mandatory requirements regarding the use of the International Securities Identification Number and the global Legal Entity Identifier.Europe should retain its prominent role in the implementation of the second phase of the G20 Data Gaps Initiative.但协调和标准化的需求也延伸到了欧洲以外。金融是一项全球性的业务，全球金融机构的监管和基本数据要求都将从全球范围内的协调中获益。对标准化的具体步骤包括在使用国际证券识别码和全球法律实体标识符方面建立强制性要求。欧洲应继续在落实二十国集团数据差距倡议第二阶段发挥重要作用。

Engagement with industry（参与行业）

As the banking industry has pointed out, lack of standardisation pushes up costs for the private sector and heightens the risk of mistakes or misinterpretation.And there is some truth to this view.正如银行业指出的那样，缺乏标准化会推高私营部门的成本，增加错误或误读的风险。这种观点也有一定道理。

Policymakers and the industry clearly have a shared interest in focusing on and discussing data collection.It would allow banks to contain their reporting burden and remain competitive at the global level.And it would allow policymakers to improve the quality and relevance of the data they receive.The two groups have quite different roles, but they also share common goals.决策者和行业显然对关注和讨论数据收集有共同的兴趣。它将允许银行控制它们的报告负担，在全球层面保持竞争力。这将使政策制定者能够提高他们收到的数据的质量和相关性。这两类人有完全不同的角色，但他们也有共同的目标。As such, data collection should be a joint exercise carried out by the authorities and the banking industry.They can support each other and jointly benefit from the results.After all, there is likely to be a large overlap between the data the authorities need and the data managers of a financial institution require for their own purposes.Standardising the identifiers of counterparties, transactions, products and reporting requirements in general falls within our mandate and is probably our best course of action.I know that this is easier said than done.The establishment of European banking supervision under the auspices of the ECB, and of the three European Supervisory Authorities,[1] gives us a unique opportunity to make progress in this area in Europe.因此，数据收集应该是由当局和银行业进行的联合演习。他们可以相互支持，共同受益于结果。毕竟，当局需要的数据和金融机构的数据管理人员需要自己的目的，可能有很大的重叠。标准化的标识符交易对手、事务、产品和报告要求总体上属于我们的使命和可能是我们最佳的行动方针。我知道这说起来容易做起来难。欧洲央行在欧洲央行的支持下建立了欧洲银行监管机构，以及三家欧洲监管机构，[1]给了我们在欧洲这个领域取得进展的独特机会。

Conclusion continue to provide the “big picture” of economic developments.But we should also offer a magnifying glass.Looking at the details beyond the aggregates enriches our understanding of economic phenomena and at the same time increases our flexibility to respond to unexpected policy needs, contributing to even better statistics.我想说的是，已经建立的ESCB统计数据将继续提供经济发展的“大图”。但我们也应该提供放大镜。看这些集合之外的细节丰富了我们对经济现象的理解，同时增加了我们对突发政策需求作出反应的灵活性，有助于更好地统计数据。So, once again, I welcome you to this conference and also take this opportunity to thank all the organisers for their efforts in making it happen.I wish all of you an interesting and successful day.I hope you find some answers to the challenges I have mentioned, and I look forward to hearing the results of your discussions.因此，我再次欢迎你们参加这次会议，并借此机会感谢所有组织者为实现这一目标所作的努力。我祝愿你们大家度过一个有趣而成功的一天。我希望你能找到我所提到的挑战的一些答案，我期待听到你的讨论结果。