第一篇:护士英文称呼
护士称呼
男工友 ward servant, orderly
门诊护士 clinic nurse 女工友 ward maid
日班护士 day nurse 护理员 nursing aid, nursing assistant
夜班护士 night nurse 护生 student nurse
责任护士 primary nurse 见习护士 probationer nurse
辅助护士 associate nurse
持证执业护士 licensed practical nurse巡回护士 circulating nurse 注册护士 registered nurse
随访护士 attending nurse 科室护士 staff nurse
营养护士 nutrition nurse 护师 senior nurse
洗手护士 scrub nurse 护士长 head nurse
特护护士 special care nurse 督导 supervisor
危重病护士 critical care nurse 主管护师 supervisor nurse
公共卫生护士 public health nurse 主护护士 primary nurse
助产护士 obstetric nurse 主任护师 chief nurse
注册麻醉护师 certified registered nurse anesthetist 副主任护师 co-chief nurse
保育员 dry nurse 开业护士 nurse practitioner
奶妈 wet nurse 临床护理专家 clinical nurse specialist校护 school nurse 普通护士 general nurse
病房护士 hospital nurse 病室护士长 charge nurse
社区护士 community nurse 总护士长 chief head nurse
保健护士 healthcare nurse 病区主管 department manager
手术室助理护士 nucleus scrub nurse 护理部主任助理 assistant nursing director私人护士 private nurse 护理部副主任 director of nursing
第二篇:英文名片称呼
英文名片称呼
副总经理 Deputy General Manager
设计部主管 Director of Designing Department 技术部主管 Director of Technology Department 销售部助理 Sales Assistant 财务部 Financial Executive 人力资源部主管 H.R.Director 销售经理 Sales Manager 厂长 Factory Director
GM(General Manager)总经理
VP(Vice President)副总裁FVP(First Vice President)第一副总裁 AVP(Assistant Vice President)副总裁助理 CEO(Chief Executive Officer)首席执行官 COO(Chief Operations Officer)首席运营官 CFO(Chief Financial Officer)首席财务官 CTO(Chief Technology Officer)首席技术官 HRD(Human Resource Director)人力资源总监 OD(Operations Director)运营总监 MD(Marketing Director)市场总监 OM(Operations Manager)运作经理
PM(Production Manager生产经理、Product Manager产品经理、Project Manager项目经理)BM(Branch Manager)部门经理 DM(District Manager)区域经理 RM(Regional Manager)区域经理 President 总裁
Vice-President 副总裁 Assistant VP 副总裁助理
Executive Marketing Director 市场行政总监 General Manager 总经理 Branch Manager 部门经理 Product Manager 产品经理 Project Manager 项目经理 Regional Manager 区域经理 Production Manager 生产经理 Transportation Manager 运输经理
Applications Programmer 应用软件程序员 Computer Operator 电脑操作员
Computer Operations Supervisor 电脑操作主管 Hardware Engineer 硬件工程师 Computer Technician 电脑技术员 MIS Manager 管理信息系统部经理 Developmental Engineer 开发工程师 Operations Analyst 操作分析
Director of Information Services 信息服务主管 LAN Administrator 局域网管理员 Systems Analyst 系统分析
Manager of Network Administration 网络管理经理 Systems Engineer 系统工程师
Product Support Manager 产品支持经理 Systems Programmer 系统程序员 VP Sales 销售副总裁 VP Marketing 市场副总裁
Senior Account Manager 高级客户经理 Telemarketing Director 电话销售总监 Sales Administrator 销售主管 Telemarketer 电话销售员
Regional Sales Manager 地区销售经理 Tele-Interviewer 电话调查员
Regional Account Manager 地区客户经理 Salesperson 销售员
Sales Representative 销售代表 Merchandising Manager 采购经理 Sales Manager 销售经理
Marketing Consultant 市场顾问 Sales Executive 销售执行者 Marketing Assistant 市场助理 Sales Assistant 销售助理
Marketing and Sales Director 市场与销售总监 Retail Buyer 零售采购员
Market Research Analyst 市场调查分析员 Manufacturer’s Representative 厂家代表 Purchasing Agent 采购代理
Assistant Account Executive 客户管理助理 Marketing Manager 市场经理 Advertising Manager 广告经理 Marketing Intern 市场实习
Advertising Coordinator 广告协调员 Marketing Director 市场总监 Advertising Assistant 广告助理 Account Manager 客户经理
Account Representative 客户代表
Accounting Payable Clerk 应付帐款文员 Accounting Assistant 会计助理 Accounting Manager 会计经理
Accounts Receivable Clerk 应收帐款文员 Accounting Clerk 会计文员
Certified Public Accountant 注册会计师 Senior Accountant 高级会计
Chief Financial Officer 首席财务官 Audit Manager 审计经理
Collections Officer 收款负责人 Actuarial Analyst 保险分析员 Auditor 审计师
Junior Accountant 初级会计 Loan Administrator 贷款管理员 Management Accountant 管理会计 Billing Clerk 票据文员
Billing Supervisor 票据管理员 Bookkeeper 档案管理 Staff Auditor 审计员
Bookkeeping Clerk 档案管理助理 Budget Analyst 预算分析 Tax Accountant 税务会计 Credit Analyst 信用分析
Credit Manager 信用管理经理
Vice-President of Administration and Finance 财务行政副总裁 Financial Analyst 财务分析
Vice-President of Finance 财务副总裁 Financial Consultant 财务顾问 Financial Manager 财务经理 Financial Planner 财务计划员 VP HR 人力资源副总裁
Assistant VP HR 人力资源副总裁助理 HR Director 人力资源总监
Compensation & Benefit Manager 薪酬福利经理 Staffing Manager 招聘经理 Training Manager 培训经理
Benefits Coordinator 员工福利协调员
Employer Relations Representative 员工关系代表 Payroller 工资专员
Training Coordinator 培训协调员 Training Specialist 培训专员
HR Supervisor(Training)培训主管
Vice-President of Administration 行政副总裁 Administrative Director 行政总监 Office Manager 办公室经理 File Clerk 档案管理员
Administration Assistant 行政助理 Receptionist 接待员 General Office Clerk 办公室文员 Secretary 秘书
Order Entry Clerk 订单输入文员 Operator 接线员 Typist 打字员
visiting professor 客座教授
Ministry of Labour 劳工部(美作labour market 劳工市场, 劳务市场
Labour exchange, Employment exchange 职业介绍所(美作:Employment Bureau)labour management 职业介绍经纪人 full employment 整日制工作 to be paid by the hour 按小时付酬 seasonal work 季节工作 piecework work 计件工作 timework work 计时工作 teamwork work 联合工作 shift work 换班工作
assembly line work 组装线工作(美作:serial production)workshop 车间
handicrafts, crafts 手艺, 技艺 trade, craft 行当
profession, occupation 职务 employment, job 工作 situation, post 位置 job 一件工作 vacancy 空缺, 空额 work permit 工作许可证 to apply for a job 求职, 找工作 application(for a job)求职 to engage, to employ 雇用 work contract 劳务合同 industrial accident 劳动事故 occupational disease 职业病 vocational guidance 职业指导 vocational training 职业训练
retraining, reorientation, rehabilitation 再训练, 再培训 holidays, holiday, vacation 假期 receptionist 接待员 typist 打字员
key puncher 电脑操作员 stenographer 速记员
telephone operator 电话接线员 programmer 电脑程序员
epartment of Labor)system analyst 系统分析员 shorthand typist 速记打字员 office girl 女记事员 public servants 公务员
national public servant 国家公务员 local public service employee 地方公务员 nation railroad man 国营铁路职员 tracer 绘图员 illustrator 汇稿员 saleswoman 女店员 pilot 驾驶员
simultaneous 同时译员 publisher 出版人员 graphic designer 美术设计员 delivery boy 送报员 secretary 秘书 policeman 警察 journalist 记者 editor 编辑 interpreter 通译者 director 导演 talent 星探 actor 男演员 actress 女演员 photographer 摄影师 scholar 学者 translator 翻译家 novelist 小说家 playwright 剧作家 linguist 语言学家 botanist 植物学家 economist 经济学家 chemist 化学家 scientist 科学家 philosopher 哲学家 politician 政治学家 physicist 物理学家 astropologist 人类学家 archaeologist 考古学家 geologist 地质学家 expert on folklore 民俗学家 mathematician 数学家 biologist 生物学家 zoologist 动物学家 statistician 统计学家 physiologist 生理学家 futurologist 未来学家 artists 艺术家 painter 画家 musician 音乐家 composer 作曲家 singer 歌唱家 designer 设计家 sculptor 雕刻家 designer 服装设计师
fashion coordinator 时装调配师 dressmaker 女装裁剪师 cutter 裁剪师 sewer 裁缝师 tailor 西装师傅 beautician 美容师 model 模特 ballerina 芭蕾舞星 detective 刑警
chief of police 警察局长 taxi driver 出租车司机 clerk 店员 mailman 邮差 newspaper boy 报童 bootblack 擦鞋童 poet 诗人 copywriter 撰稿人 producer 制片人 newscaster 新闻评论人 milkman 送奶人 merchant 商人 florist 卖花人 baker 面包师 greengrocer 菜贩 fish-monger 鱼贩 butcher 肉贩 shoe-maker 鞋匠 saleswoman 女店员 stewardess 空中小姐 conductor 车掌 station agent 站长 porter 行李夫
car mechanic 汽车修理师 architect 建筑师 civil planner 城市设计师 civil engineer 土木技师
druggist, chemist, pharmacist 药剂师 guide 导游 oil supplier 加油工
(public)health nurse 保健护士 dentist 牙科医生 supervisor 监工 forman 工头 doctor 医生 nurse 护士
主任,主管都翻译成director比较好.
专员:specialist 经理、Manager
商务助理、Business Assistant
服务主任、Service Director(一般公司都明确有什么方面的服务,单纯的服务主任还没听说过)
业务主管、Business Director 市场主管、Marketing Director
市场推广专员、Specialist of Marketing Spreading 业务助理 Business Assistant
总裁 Chief Executive,CEO 行政总裁 Chief Executive Officer;C.E.O.董事长 Board Chairman 经理 Manager
总经理 General Manager 副总经理 Vice General Manager 总经理秘书 Secretary 总经理助理 General Manager's Assistant 秘书 Secretary 秘书长 secretary general 客户经理 Account Manager 高级理财顾问 Senior Financial Consultant 高级客户经理 Senior Account Manager 市场总监 Marketing Director 客户主任 Account Executive 市场营销部经理 Manager of Marketing Department
销售部经理 Sales Manager 餐饮部经理 Food and Bererage Manager
客房部经理 Housekeeper 康乐部经理 Recreation Dept Manager 财务部经理 Financial Controller 人事部经理 Personnel Manager 工程部经理 Chief Engineer 保安部经理 Chief Security Officer 办公室主任 Director of Executive Office 大堂副理 Asst Manager 物资经理 Logistic & Purchasing Dept.Manager 会计 Accountant
销售工程师 Sales Engineer 生产经理 Production Dept.Manager 销售工程师 Sales Engineer 工会主席 Labour Union chairman 操作工 Operator 库管员 Warehouse Keeper
技术工程师 Technicial Engineer 销售一部经理 Sales Dept.Manager 接待员 Receiptionalist 配料员 Operator 保洁员 Purifier 人事经理助理 HR Assistant 炊事员 Canteen Worker 会计 Accountant 质保经理 QC Dept.Manager 机械师 Machinist 工程主管 Facilities Supervisor 采购员 Buyer 车间班长 Group Leader 叉车司机 Driver
机修工 Operator 行政经理 Administrative Dep.Manager 运输协调员 Traffic Coordinator 副总工程师 ViceChief Engineer
综合管理部部长 Colligation and Management Dep.Minister 网络主管 Network Manage
综合管理部总务 Colligation and Management Dep.General Affair 市场部部长 Market Dep.Minister
市场部项目总理 Market Dep.Item Manager 质保部 Quantity Engineer 工艺员 Engineer 调度员 Dispatcher
Customer Quality Manager 客户质量经理
Engineering Manager(For HDIG Group, Funtional Engineering)工程经理(希捷集团设计经理)
EHS Director/Senior Manager EHS主管/高级经理
Senior Manager(for Lean Manufacturing)高级经理(精益生产)
Drive FA Engineer(for Product Engineering)硬盘失效工程师(产品工程师)
Engineering Manager(for Functional Engineering)工程经理(设计工程师)
Senior FA Engineer(for worldwide FA)高级失效分析工程师(世界范围内失效分析)
Engineer(for Drive equipment)工程师(硬盘设备)
译审 Professor of Translation 翻译 Translator/Interpreter 助理翻译 Assistant Translator/Interpreter 电台/电视台台长 Radio/TV Station Controller 播音指导 Director of Announcing 主任播音员 Chief Announcer 播音员 Announcer 电视主持人 TV Presenter 电台节目主持人 Disk Jockey导演 Director 演员 Actor 画师 Painter 指挥 Conductor 编导 Scenarist 录音师 Sound Engineer 舞蹈编剧 Choreographer 美术师 Artist 制片人 Producer 剪辑导演 Montage Director 配音演员 Dabber 摄影师 Cameraman 化装师 Make-up Artist 舞台监督 Stage Manager 护士 Nurse 主任技师 Senior Technologist 主管技师 Technologist-in-charge 技师 Technologist 技士 Technician 护师 Nurse Practitioner 主管护师 Nurse-in-charge 药士 Assistant Pharmacist 药师 Pharmacist 主任护师 Professor of Nursing 主管药师 Pharmacist-in-charge
第三篇:英文称呼公司单位
校长(大学)President of Beijing University
校长(中小学)Principal of Donghai Middle School
院长(大学下属)Dean of the Graduate School
系主任(大学学院下属)Chair/Chairman of the English Department
会长主席(学协会)President of the Student Union, Shanghai University
厂长(企业)Director of the Machine Tools Manufacturing Plant
院长(医院)President of Huadong Hospital
主任(中心)Director of the Business Center
主任(行政)Director of Foreign Affairs Office
董事长(企业)President/Chairman of the Board of Directors
董事长(学校)President/Chairman of the Board of Trustees
首席长官的汉语称谓常以“总…….”表示,而表示首席长官的英语称谓则常带有chief,general, head, managing这类词,因此当翻译冠以“总”字的头衔时,需遵循英语头衔的表达习惯:
总书记 general secretary
总工程师 chief engineer
总会计师 chief accountant
总建筑师 chief architect
总编辑 chief editor;editor-in-chief;managing editor
总出纳 chief cashier;general cashier
总裁判 chief referee
总经理 general manager;managing director;executive head
总代理 general agent
总教练 head coach
总导演 head director
总干事 secretary-general;commissioner
总指挥 commander-in-chief
总领事 consul-general
总监 chief inspector;inspector-general
总厨 head cook;chef
有些部门或机构的首长或主管的英译,可以一些通用的头衔词表示,例如下列机构的负责
人可以用director, head 或chief 来表示:
司(部署)department
厅(省署)department
署(省属)(行署)office; administrative office
局 bureau
所 institute
处 division
科 section
股 section
室 office
教研室 program/section
例:局长: director of the bureau, head of the bureau, bureau chief.国务院 the State Council 属下的部为ministry, 所以部长叫做minister.另外,公署专
员叫做commissioner, 其办事机构叫做 “专员公署”,英语为prefectural commissione
r’s office.汉语中表示副职的头衔一般都冠以“副”字,英译时需视词语的固定搭配或表达习惯等情
况,可选择vice, associate, assistant, deputy等词。相对而言,vice 使用面较广,例
如:
副总统(或大学副校长等)vice president
副主席(或系副主任等)vice chairman
副总理 vice premier
副部长 vice minister
副省长 vice governor
副市长 vice mayor
副领事 vice consul
副校长(中小学)vice principal
行政职务的副职头衔与学术头衔的“副”职称往往用不同的词表达,最为常用的英语词是
associate, 例如:
副教授 associate professor
副研究员 associate research fellow
副主编 associate managing editor
副编审 associate senior editor
副审判长 associate judge
副研究馆员 associate research fellow of …(e.g., library science)
副译审 associate senior translator
副主任医师 associate senior doctor
当然,有些英语职位头衔,如manager和headmaster,其副职头衔可冠以assistant, 例如
:
副总经理 assistant/deputy general manager, assistant/deputy managing director
大堂副理(宾馆)assistant manager
副校长(中小学)assistant headmaster
以director 表示的职位的副职常以deputy director表示。此外,secretary, mayor, de
an 等头衔的副职也可冠以deputy,例如:
副秘书长 deputy secretary-general
副书记 deputy secretary
副市长 deputy mayor
副院长 deputy dean
学术头衔系列除了含“正”“副”级别的高级职称和中级职称外,还有初级职称如“助理
”,“助理”常用assistant来表示,例如:
助理教授 assistant professor
助理研究员 assistant research fellow
助理工程师 assistant engineer
助理编辑 assistant editor
助理馆员 assistant research fellow of…(e.g., library science)
助理教练 assistant coach
助理农艺师 assistant agronomist
还有一些行业的职称头衔,其高级职称不用“正”或“副”表示,而直接用“高级”或“
资深”来表示,我们可以用senior 来称呼,例如:
高级编辑 senior editor
高级工程师 senior engineer
高级记者 senior reporter
高级讲师 senior lecturer
高级教师 senior teacher
高级农艺师 senior agronomist
有一些行业的职称或职务系列中,最高级别的职位冠以“首席”一词,英语常用chief 来
表示:
首席执行官 chief executive officer(CEO)
首席法官 chief judge
首席顾问 chief advisor
首席检察官 chief inspector/ prosecutor
首席仲裁员 chief arbitrator
首席监事 chief supervisor
首席播音员 chief announcer/ broadcaster
首席代表 chief representative
首席记者 chief correspondent
除了用“总”“高级”“首席”等词语来表示一些机构或行业的最高级职务之外,还有一
些高级职务则使用带“长”字的头衔,例如:
检察长 procurator-general
审判长 presiding judge;chief judge;chief of judges
护士长 head nurse
秘书长 secretary-general
参谋长 chief of staff
厨师长 head cook, chef
有的头衔会含有诸如“代理”,“常务”,“执行”,“名誉”这类称谓语。一般说来,“代理”可译作acting,例如:
代理市长 acting mayor
代理总理 acting premier
代理主任 acting director
“常务”可以managing 表示,例如:
常务理事 managing director
常务副校长 managing vice president(first vice mayor)
“执行”可译作executive,例如:
执行主任 executive director
执行秘书 executive secretary
执行主席 executive chairman, presiding chairman
“名誉”译为honorary, 例如:
名誉校长 honorary president/principal
名誉主席/会长 honorary chairman/president
有些职称或职务带有“主任”,“主治”,“特级”,“特派”,“特约”等头衔,英译
不尽相同,例如:
主任编辑 associate senior editor
主任秘书 chief secretary
主任医师 senior doctor
主任护士 senior nurse
主治医师 attending/chief doctor;physician;consultant
特级教师 special-grade senior teacher
特级记者 accredited correspondent
特派员/专员 commissioner
特约编辑 contributing editor
特约记者 special correspondent
许多职称,职务的头衔称谓其英语表达法难以归类,需要日积月累,逐步登录在自己的称
谓语料库中。以下所列举是其中的一部分:
办公室主任 office manager
财务主任 treasurer
车间主任 workshop manager/director
编审 senior editor
博导 doctoral student supervisor
研究生导师 graduate student supervisor
客座教授 visiting professor
院士 academician
译审 senior translator
村长 village head
领班 captain, foreman, gaffer
经纪人 broker
税务员 tax collector
研究馆员 research fellow of…
股票交易员 stock dealer
红马夹(stock exchange)floor broker
业务经理 service/business/operation manager
住院医生 resident(doctor), registrar
国际大师 international master
注册会计师 chartered/certified public accountant;registered/incorporated acco
untant
我国有一些常见的荣誉称号(honorary title)在许多英语国家没有对应的表达语,现列
举部分英译供参考:
标兵 pacemaker
学习标兵 student pacemaker;model student
劳动模范 model worker
模范教师 model teacher
优秀教师 excellent teacher
优秀员工 outstanding employee, employee of the month/year
青年标兵 model youth/youth pacemaker
青年突击手 youth shock worker
三好学生 “triple-A” outstanding student;outstanding student
三八妇女红旗手 “March 8th Red Banner” outstanding woman pacemaker
第四篇:护士英文交班
Good morning everyone,I was on duty in our intensive care last night,there were 3 patients who were porfromed operations, now I will show
you the main information
No.27 于浩霜
Excision [ek'siʒən] cyst of bile duct plus Roux-pen-Y
choleclocho-jejunostomy was performed,she came back at 18:00
yesterday,The patients vital ['vaitl] sights were stable and no complaint
last night,This morning BP(blood pressure)is millineters
of mercury, HR(heart rate)is bpm,RR(respiration)isbpm, There was about milliter blood from the abdominal
[æb'dɔminəl] drainage tube,It was madder red and was unobstracted,There was about urinal ['juərinəl] from the urinary canal
[kə'næl],It was yellow,Covering on the incision was dry and renous
transfusion [træns'fju:ʒən] was easy and smorthShe felt nansea and
vomiting at 23:00 and got better after giving maxdon 10 mg im,she felt
nausea and vomiting again at 2:00 and got better after giving a gastric
take insertiyThere was about liquid from the
gestrotestinal drainage tube It was yellow.肌注:intramuscular [,intrə'mʌskjulə]
14:45:a quarter to 15/fourteen forty-five/forty-five past fourteen/3 quarters
past fourteen
22:30 :twenty-two thirteen/half past twenty-two
18:00: eighteen o‘clock/eighteen sharp<整点>/six in the evening
甲状腺癌:htyroid carcinoma['θairɔid] [,kɑ:si'nəumə]
甲状腺腺瘤:htyroid adenoma[,ædə'nəumə]
乳腺癌:breast cancer[brest]
甲状腺大部切除术:subtotal thyroidectomy[,θairɔi'dektəmi]
甲状腺癌根治术:radical resection of thyroid cancer['rædikəl]
[ri'sekʃən]
改良术乳腺癌根治术:modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer
[mæs'tektəmi]
乳腺癌根治术:radical mastectomy for breast cancer
乳腺癌扩大根治术:extensive radical mastectomy for breast cancer
[iks'tensiv]
肝囊肿:cyst of liver[sist]
肝移植:transplantation of liver['trænsplɑ:n'teiʃən]
肝肿瘤:tumor of liver['tju:mə]
肝内胆管结石:intrahepatic bile duct stone[hi'pætik] [bail] [dʌkt] 肝性脑病:hepatic encephalopathy[en,sefə'lɔpəθi]
肝叶切除术:hepatolobectomy
肝胆管胆总管空肠
hepatocholedocho-jejunostomy
胆总管空肠Y型吻合术:Roux-en-Y choledocho-jejunostomy 腹腔镜探查:laparoscopic approach[ə'prəutʃ]
阑尾切除术:appendectomy[,æpən'dektəmi] Y型吻合术:Roux-en-Y
肝部分切除术:partialhepatectomy['pɑ:ʃəl] [,hepə'tektəmi] 胃肿瘤:gastric tumor['gæstrik] ['tju:mə]
胰十二指肠切除术:pancreaticoduodenectomy
腹泻: performanceddiarrhoea[,daiə'riə]
腹痛:feltbellyache['beli,eik]
经历手术:underwent the resection of retroperitoneal tumors
硝酸甘油泵入:pumpping nitroglycerin
糖尿病:the serum glucose was 6.2 mmol/L,the patient was conscious
['kɔnʃəs] and had no complain [kəm'plein]
血糖:serum glucose ['siərəm] ['glu:kəus]/blood sugar
腹腔引流管:the celiac ['si:li,æk] drainage tube was unobstructed
['ʌnəb'strʌktid] and about 80mls blood was drained [drein] out
硝酸甘油舌下含化:0.5mg myocon was given by sublingual [sʌb'liŋgwəl] administrution
心痛定:adalat was given by sublingual administration
地塞米松5mg静推:5mls corson was give intravenously[,intrə'vi:nəsli] 恶心、呕吐:nausea ['nɔ:ʃiə]vomiting ['vɔmit]
尿量和腹部切口敷料:urinary ['juərinəri] volume was normal and covering ['kʌvəriŋ] on the operative incision was dry
杜冷丁:sauteralgyl安痛定:Alidine
山莨菪碱:anisodamine强痛定:bucinperazine
胃复安:maxolon发烧:fever
第五篇:英语称呼
校长(大学)President of Beijing University 校长(中小学)Principal of Donghai Middle School 院长(大学下属)Dean of the Graduate School
系主任(大学学院下属)Chair/Chairman of the English Department
会长主席(学协会)President of the Student Union, Shanghai University 厂长(企业)Director of the Machine Tools Manufacturing Plant 院长(医院)President of Huadong Hospital 主任(中心)Director of the Business Center 主任(行政)Director of Foreign Affairs Office
董事长(企业)President/Chairman of the Board of Directors 董事长(学校)President/Chairman of the Board of Trustees
首席长官的汉语称谓常以“总…….”表示,而表示首席长官的英语称谓则常带有chief, general, head, managing这类词,因此当翻译冠以“总”字的头衔时,需遵循英语头衔的表达习惯:
总书记 general secretary 总工程师 chief engineer 总会计师 chief accountant 总建筑师 chief architect
总编辑 chief editor;editor-in-chief;managing editor 总出纳 chief cashier;general cashier 总裁判 chief referee
总经理 general manager;managing director;executive head 总代理 general agent 总教练 head coach 总导演 head director
总干事 secretary-general;commissioner 总指挥 commander-in-chief 总领事 consul-general
总监 chief inspector;inspector-general 总厨 head cook;chef
有些部门或机构的首长或主管的英译,可以一些通用的头衔词表示,例如下列机构的负责
人可以用director, head 或chief 来表示:
司(部署)department 厅(省署)department
署(省属)(行署)office;administrative office 局 bureau 所 institute 处 division 科 section 股 section 室 office
教研室 program/section
例:局长: director of the bureau, head of the bureau, bureau chief.国务院 the State Council 属下的部为ministry,所以部长叫做minister.另外,公署专员叫做commissioner,其办事机构叫做 “专员公署”,英语为prefectural commissioner’s office.汉语中表示副职的头衔一般都冠以“副”字,英译时需视词语的固定搭配或表达习惯等情况,可选择vice associate assistant deputy等词。相对而言,vice使用面较广,例如: 副总统(或大学副校长等)vice president 副主席(或系副主任等)vice chairman 副总理 vice premier 副部长 vice minister 副省长 vice governor 副市长 vice mayor 副领事 vice consul
副校长(中小学)vice principal
行政职务的副职头衔与学术头衔的“副”职称往往用不同的词表达,最为常用的英语词是associate,例如:
副教授 associate professor 副研究员 associate research fellow 副主编 associate managing editor 副编审 associate senior editor 副审判长 associate judge
副研究馆员 associate research fellow of …(e.g., library science)副译审 associate senior translator 副主任医师 associate senior doctor
当然,有些英语职位头衔,如manager和headmaster,其副职头衔可冠以assistant,例如:
副总经理 assistant/deputy general manager, assistant/deputy managing director 大堂副理(宾馆)assistant manager 副校长(中小学)assistant headmaster
以director 表示的职位的副职常以deputy director表示。此外secretary,mayor,dean等头衔的副职也可冠以deputy,例如:
副秘书长 deputy secretary-general 副书记 deputy secretary 副市长 deputy mayor 副院长 deputy dean
学术头衔系列除了含“正”“副”级别的高级职称和中级职称外,还有初级职称如“助理”,“助理”常用assistant来表示,例如:
助理教授 assistant professor 助理研究员 assistant research fellow 助理工程师 assistant engineer 助理编辑 assistant editor
助理馆员 assistant research fellow of…(e.g., library science)助理教练 assistant coach 助理农艺师 assistant agronomist
还有一些行业的职称头衔,其高级职称不用“正”或“副”表示,而直接用“高级”或“资深”来表示,我们可以用senior 来称呼,例如:
高级编辑 senior editor 高级工程师 senior engineer 高级记者 senior reporter 高级讲师 senior lecturer 高级教师 senior teacher 高级农艺师 senior agronomist
有一些行业的职称或职务系列中,最高级别的职位冠以“首席”一词,英语常用chief 来表示:
首席执行官 chief executive officer(CEO)首席法官 chief judge 首席顾问 chief advisor
首席检察官 chief inspector/ prosecutor 首席仲裁员 chief arbitrator 首席监事 chief supervisor
首席播音员 chief announcer/ broadcaster 首席代表 chief representative 首席记者 chief correspondent
除了用“总”“高级”“首席”等词语来表示一些机构或行业的最高级职务之外,还有一些高级职务则使用带“长”字的头衔,例如:
检察长 procurator-general
审判长 presiding judge;chief judge;chief of judges 护士长 head nurse 秘书长 secretary-general 参谋长 chief of staff 厨师长 head cook, chef
有的头衔会含有诸如“代理”,“常务”,“执行”,“名誉”这类称谓语。一般说来,“代理”可译作acting,例如:
代理市长 acting mayor 代理总理 acting premier 代理主任 acting director
“常务”可以managing 表示,例如:
常务理事 managing director
常务副校长 managing vice president(first vice mayor)
“执行”可译作executive,例如:
执行主任 executive director 执行秘书 executive secretary
执行主席 executive chairman, presiding chairman
“名誉”译为honorary, 例如:
名誉校长 honorary president/principal 名誉主席/会长 honorary chairman/president
有些职称或职务带有“主任”,“主治”,“特级”,“特派”,“特约”等头衔,英译不尽相同,例如:
主任编辑 associate senior editor 主任秘书 chief secretary 主任医师 senior doctor 主任护士 senior nurse
主治医师 attending/chief doctor;physician;consultant 特级教师 special-grade senior teacher 特级记者 accredited correspondent 特派员/专员 commissioner 特约编辑 contributing editor 特约记者 special correspondent
许多职称,职务的头衔称谓其英语表达法难以归类,需要日积月累,逐步登录在自己的称谓语料库中。以下所列举是其中的一部分:
办公室主任 office manager 财务主任 treasurer
车间主任 workshop manager/director 编审 senior editor
博导 doctoral student supervisor 研究生导师 graduate student supervisor 客座教授 visiting professor 院士 a..........emician 译审 senior translator 村长 village head
领班 captain, foreman, gaffer 经纪人 broker 税务员 tax collector
研究馆员 research fellow of… 股票交易员 stock dealer
红马夹(stock exchange)floor broker
业务经理 service/business/operation manager 住院医生 resident(doctor), registrar 国际大师 international master
注册会计师 chartered/certified public accountant;registered/incorporated accountant
我国有一些常见的荣誉称号(honorary title)在许多英语国家没有对应的表达语,现列举部分英译供参考:
标兵 pacemaker
学习标兵 student pacemaker;model student 劳动模范 model worker 模范教师 model teacher 优秀教师 excellent teacher
优秀员工 outstanding employee, employee of the month/year 青年标兵 model youth/youth pacemaker 青年突击手 youth shock worker
三好学生 “triple-A” outstanding student;outstanding student
三八妇女红旗手 “March 8th Red Banner” outstanding woman pacemaker