关于《2012年温家宝政府工作报告》学习心得

第一篇：关于《2012年温家宝政府工作报告》学习心得

政府工作报告学习心得体会

大地回春，万物复苏，2012年的“两会”如期召开，“两会”是国内政治经济生活中的一件大事，是用群众智慧治理国家、用科学发展观统筹全局的一次生动实践。作为当代一名航天技术人员，一名革命军人，我们更要关注“两会”，关心国家的发展动向。在技术室统一组织安排下，我们分两次全面学习了温总理所作的政府工作报告。中国国务院总理温家宝全面回顾去年年工作成就，庄重宣示2012年发展目标。在这份为世界目光聚焦，接近2万字的政府工作报告中，中国展示出加速变革和为国民谋求幸福与尊严的足够决心，具备大国思维的发展韬略跃然纸上。

一、政治改革的步伐逐步开启

十一届全国人大五次会议上，政府工作报告中明确提出“加快推进政府改革”。5年来，“政府改革”这一关键词第一次出现在政府工作报告中。改革是我国国民经济发展的动力，这已为几十来改革开放的历史所证明。今年温总理在人大的政府工作报告用很长的篇幅讲了改革问题，报告指出必须按照科学发展观的要求，尊重群众首创精神，大胆探索，以更大决心和勇气继续全面推进经济体制、政治体制等各项改革，破解发展难题。

温总理在答记者问上再次说明：“没有政治体制改革的成功，经济体制改革不可能进行到底，已经取得的成果还有可能得而复失，社会上新产生的问题，也不能从根本上得到解决，文化大革命这样的历史悲剧还有可能重新发生!”1980年12月在中央工作会议上，陈云讲话：“我们要改革，但是步子要稳。„„随时总结经验，也就是要‘摸着石头过河’„„”

但如今改革已经进入深水区，再摸着石头过河，水波一来，我们可能就都要淹死了。

至于改革的方向，在答记者问中，总理明确指出：“政府的一切权力都是人民赋予。”

其实 “权为民所赋”的理念是否贯穿，才是“权为民所用、情为民所系、利为民所谋”能否实现的基础。

二、公平正义的追求一以贯之

温总理曾经说：“公平正义比太阳还光辉。公平正义是社会主义的本质特征。”

从这一任政府的工作看，９年来，为实现社会的公平正义做了大量不可磨灭的工作。首先，在法律上，修改宪法，将尊重和保障人权写入宪法，制定了物权法，使合法的私有财产得到法律保护，修改了选举法，使城乡选民具有平等的权利，废除了收容遣送条例，使农民能自由进城务工。其次，在农村，取消了农业税，减轻了农民的不合理负担。第三，在教育上，实行了九年免费义务教育，对农村的孩子上职业学校实行免费，将教育经费占ＧＤＰ的４％列入2012年预算，对困难地区农村寄宿制学校学生给予补贴。第四，建立和完善了包括养老、失业、医疗、低保在内的社会保障体系。企业职工医疗保险、城市居民医疗保险和新农合已经覆盖１３亿人口。

当然，对于存在的问题，这一届政府也是心如明镜，他明确指出，社会分配不公以及司法不独立引起群众极大的不满，这是阻碍公平正义最大的障碍，而这一切的根源则是权力分配得不到有效控制。

从报告中我们看到这届政府对公平正义的追求一以贯之，他们为此为此作出的，和即将作出的不懈努力必将为我们记住。

三、科学发展的理念逐步深入

从数字上看，本次政府工作报告一大亮点就是：我们2012年经济增长的预期速度首次降到了8%以下。

这样做有足够的现实支撑和意义，30年的高速发展已使中国有了足够的财富和腾挪空间，可以稍微放慢脚步，进行调整，让经济繁荣惠及更多普通百姓；中国执政党的合法性基础不仅在于它主导的高速增长，也在于能让民众过上更平等和有尊严的生活。

08年美国大选中的民主党候选人提出“两个美国”的说法，转型中的印度人正热议“两个印度”。我们也可以说存在着“两个中国”。

一个中国的gdp总量已正式超越日本，排名全世界第二，其政府拥有令别国羡慕的雄厚财力，其企业与工程项目遍布五大洲，她甚至可以像发达国家一样，动用海空力量从一个遥远国家迅速撤出数万国民；她甚至可以收税用游艇，税率

仅次于法国，她的大街上满街奔驰宝马的国度，世界顶极品牌纷纷为了中国年轻人的品味而改变自己的风格。另一个中国GDP人均就排到了全世界一百几十，落在了咱们给粮给钱扶植多年的阿尔巴尼亚之后，她的百姓的收入都赶不上战火中的伊拉克低保，她的太多地方人年平均收入一千余元，一个二十几岁的女孩出卖身体一次只能得几十块钱，她的食品业充斥着地沟油、假药、夜光猪肉、毒牛奶、毒大米。

从报告中我们看到科学发展不仅仅是大家政治学习的一个课题，而是政府在工作中必须不断深入理解，并为此不懈努力奋斗的一个理念。

要把民生问题摆在更重要的位置，就是要走以民生为导向的发展之路，就是要在“劳有所得”、“学有所教”、“病有所医”、“住有所居”、“老有所养”上下功夫。从这个意义上讲，解决民生问题就是最大的政治，改善民生问题就是最大的政绩。惠民生方能顺民心，顺民心方能聚民力。从根本和长远来看，保障和改善民生的重要性，绝不亚于保持经济增长。“两会”只有不断问政于民、问需于民、问计于民，不断增进人民福祉，才能化民力为推动经济发展和社会进步的持久动力，中国未来五年、十年的发展才是有本之木，全面建成小康社会才会拥有更加坚实的基础。

当然，任何事情，有所得必有所弃，就在温总理3月14日在答记者问上表态“房价远未合理”后，当天股市地产股大幅跳水，带动股市暴跌，失守2400点。

四、困难重重的现实依然存在从报告中我们也读到了这届政府在不少方面依然困难重重。

首先，改革下一站走向何方依然不明确。

报告大篇幅的提到要改革，明确指出要深入推进重点领域改革，深化财税金融体制改革、推动多种所有制经济共同发展、深化价格改革、深化收入分配制度改革、积极稳妥推进事业单位分类改革、加快推进政府改革、加强廉政建设，但在改革的举措上，依然举步维艰。不从根源上下功夫，很难根本解决问题，可以预想，这也是下一届政府工作的主要内容。

其次，三农问题依然是社会发展的一大制约。

新中国第一代领导人革命取得胜利最核心的因素就是抓住农民对土地的渴望，三十年后，第二代领导人改革开放顺利进行最具代表意义的政策就是解放了农民对土地的使用，再三十年，新时代的领导人最要紧的可能还是要落脚于农民最朴实的诉求。从某种程度上说，乌坎数万村民在过去一年艰苦卓绝的抗争，意义并不亚于安徽小岗村18个农民冒着生命危险包产到户。如果不能顺应时代发展要求，过去的太多悲剧依然会天天在我们眼前上映。

最后，法制建设的道路依然曲折。

本次两会可能最引人关注的莫过于《刑事诉讼法》的修改。从前期网络民意看，对其中73条关于秘密拘捕而不通知家人的条款，保持反对态度达到92%以上。而从人大的表决结果看（赞成2639票，反对160票，弃权57票，还有16个人未按表决器），似乎颠倒乾坤，以至于有人调侃“这是‘吴人大’，‘贾政协’”。而网易等各大媒体对于这个新闻的处置也意味深长：直接关闭了评论。

对于法律的是非，这里不讨论，单从大家的担忧看，如果我们的目标是司法独立公正，我们要走路还很长很长。

第二篇：温家宝总理的政府工作报告学习心得

学习心 得

在我团开展的学习温家宝总理2010年3月5日在第十一届全国人民代表大会第三次会议上“政府工作报告”中，我积极认真的学习了温家宝总理的政府工作报告。

通过对政府工作报告的学习，使我对我国在2009年社会主义现代化事业取得的成就有了比较系统的了解和认识，提高了自己的认识。另一方面，报告中还详细明确地指出了2010年政府工作的主要任务，使我在了解我国总体发展方向的同时，也更加明了了自己的努力和发展方向。应在好好工作的基础上，使自己的工作、学习沿着党中央的发展方向前进。对于我们文艺工作者来说，对于政府工作报告的学习更加具有必要性。因为我们工作的环境与外界接触较多，也恰恰是这样的环境给了我们更多的学习的机会，在工作之余对报告的学习，可以使我们更清楚地了解我国的当今局势以及未来的发展方向。

去年的我国两会前夕，正在宏观调控中艰难行进的中国经济，又受到国际金融危机的严重冲击，人们焦灼关注的是出口下降，企业倒闭，失业率上升，群体性事件频发……当时温家宝在提到“最困难”时的凝重神色，被中外媒体一再重温。而温总理在阐述财政和货币政策时，也将2008年“稳健”和“从紧”的报告用语，一变而为“积极”和“适度宽松”。

一年过去，中国经济回升势头明显，让人松了一口气，媒体上甚至弥漫着一股“风景这边独好”的乐观气氛。因此，温家宝在对“最困难”的回顾后，紧接着指出“很快扭转了经济增速下滑的趋势”，让人听来也觉气定神闲了许多。

但是，温家宝接下来就用了一个绝不轻松的形容词——“极为复杂”——来描述已经开始的2010年，“各种积极变化和不利影响此长彼消，短期问题和长期矛盾相互交织，国内因素和国际因素相互影响，1经济社会发展中„两难‟问题增多。”

“极为复杂”并不比“最困难”更好应对。应对得不好，“复杂”会转成“困难”。如何在诸多“复杂”的线头儿中找到应对之策，如何确立复杂中诸多发展目标的重中之重？我们注意到，除了历年报告中都有的“深化改革”依然得以强调而外，除了用“刻不容缓”形容转变经济增长方式的重要性之外，在今年的报告里，本届政府更对政府工作的终极意义作出庄重承诺：要让人民生活得更幸福、更有尊严，让社会更加和谐。

“有尊严”，最先出自温家宝之口，是在今年的春节团拜会上，当时便让人耳目一新，被敏感的中外媒体争相报道。而今，这一崭新的提法，堂而皇之地出现在政府工作报告之中，从个性化表述提升为官方承诺，更让人心情激荡。

去年是新中国建立60周年，一个甲子过去了，我们在现代化进程中摘得了许多物质的和精神的成果，而将“以人为本”具像地描述为“我们所做的一切都是要让人民生活得更加幸福、更有尊严，让社会更加公正、更加和谐”这样的认识，是对民主政治的践诺，是对政府职能公仆本色的正本清源。盘点共和国60年精神成果，这样的认识颇让人百感交集。

“幸福”这个字眼，我们在共和国开国之后历届政府的承诺中，都耳熟能详。50年代，人们对幸福的憧憬是“楼上楼下，电灯电话”；六七十年代，是“三转一响”（三转是自行车、缝纫机、电风扇，一响是收音机），是进国营工厂或穿上军装；80年代是“万元户”；90年代是有房有车；新世纪的幸福感呢，则和总理紧跟着提出的“尊严”息息相关。

且看，眼下民众热议的、社会矛盾集中的、群体性事件频发的领域，无不飘扬着“尊严”的旗帜。

80后对蜗居生活苦不堪言，事实上，他们的居住条件比之同龄时三代同室、或筒子楼一住几十年的父辈来说，未必更差，但是，住房在今天意味着体面和安全感，意味着有尊严的生活。

野蛮的强制拆迁，拆掉的不仅是安身立命的房子，也是“草民”最后的尊严。

教育资源的失衡、受教育权利的不公，农民工子弟学校在城市生存维艰，农村大量留守儿童遭遇亲子困境和成长的烦恼，剥夺的是弱势群体对下一代有尊严地发展的强烈渴望；

社会保障的缺失，看病难看病贵，让草根阶层生存的尊严受到打击；

官场腐败现象的层出不穷，体制机制的僵化与迟滞，社会上假丑恶现象屡禁不绝，中国遭遇愈演愈烈的“道德沙尘暴”，拷问的是一个国家、一个民族的精神尊严。

如果说，以前我们习惯于更多地用物质的尺度来形容“幸福”，2010年政府对保证民众尊严的承诺，或许是一个转机，我们的政府，不但开始意识到走向小康的民众，对精神层面的需求日益高企，也在用这个尺度对政府工作、对官员的执政理念和执政能力提出更高要求。谋民之利，解民之难，排民之忧，扶民之危，保障人民群众的幸福与尊严，是政府的本份和责任。有这样的理解，强迁之手还敢往外伸吗？民办教师的清退还会如此草率吗？钓鱼执法还会横行数年而不知收敛吗？

去年，温家宝坦率承认，政府自身改革和建设“与人民的期待仍有不小差距”，今年，在这方面的表述中，除了把“不小差距”，变为“较大差距”外，其他对政府负面评价的描述仍大同小异。这一方面说明本届政府并未讳疾忌医，另一方面也说明政府的自身改革难度极大，不可能短时奏功。

但是，有了这样清醒的认识和庄重的承诺，我们对坚守岗位的本届政府，仍然抱有极大的期望；对民众生活的幸福与尊严，抱有极大的期望；对刚刚六十初度的共和国在新的起点上重新出发，抱有极大的期望……

通过对政府工作报告的学习，使我自己也清楚地认识到了自己对政治理论学习的不足，对国家大事的关心程度还远远不够。加大产业结构、资源节约和环境保护力度等方面，推动产业结构调整和优化升

3级，使转变经济增长方式的重要途径和迫切任务。提高产业技术水平，关键是全面增强自主创新能力。很多知识都需要我们去学习、体会。加强文化建设，抓好理想信念教育，特别是青少年的思想道德建设。通过对政府工作报告的学习使我清楚地认识到了工作总结与计划的重要性。2010年政府工作报告是对2009年工作的总结和对2010年工作的计划，使我们对于国家过去的成果和在即将来临的一年将要进行的工作有了初步的了解。只有总结了过去，才能认识自己的不足和长处，以至于在以后的工作中更好的发挥自己的优势，弥补自己的不足；只有更好的计划未来才能使未来更加有条不紊的进行。对于文艺工作本身的性质来说，因为是以业务为本，使得对于工作成果的总结和计划又显得尤为的重要了。对此，我认真的作了本的工作和学习计划。当然计划也好总结也好，一切的目标都是为了更好的工作、学习，一切必须从实际出发，结合自己本身的条件，以上级领导的指示思想为主导，认认真真的学习。

通过对政府工作报告的学习，使我更加认识到了在我团开展的学习温总理2010年3月5日在第十一届全国人民代表大会第三次会议上“政府工作报告”活动的重要性。只有好的工作，才能体现学习的必要性，也只有更好的学习才能促进工作更好的进步。

今后，我将把通过这段学习的收获，充分的运用到工作实践当中去，为我市的文化事业和艺术团的发展做出自己的贡献。

第三篇：2004温家宝政府工作报告

2004年政府工作报告

2004年政府工作报告

——2004年3月5日在第十届全国人民代表大会第二次会议上

国务院总理温家宝

各位代表：

本届政府履行职责已经一年。现在，我代表国务院，向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。一、一年来工作回顾

过去的一年，是我国发展进程中重要而非同寻常的一年，是改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得显著成就的一年。面对复杂多变的国际形势、突如其来的非典型肺炎疫情和频繁发生的自然灾害，在中国共产党领导下，各级政府和全国各族人民一道，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，贯彻落实党的十六大精神，迎难而上，顽强拼搏，奋力开拓创新，在全面建设小康社会的道路上迈出重要步伐。

——抗击非典取得重大胜利。

——经济快速发展。国内生产总值比上年增长９．１％，达到１１．６７万亿元；按现行汇率计算，人均国内生产总值突破１０００美元，跨上一个重要台阶。

——国家财力明显增强。全国财政收入达到２．１７万亿元，比上年增加２７８７亿元。

——对外贸易大幅增长。进出口总额比上年增长３７．１％，达到８５１２亿美元，由上年居世界第五位上升到第四位。

——就业超过预期目标。城镇新增就业８５９万人，下岗失业人员再就业４４０万人。

——居民收入增加。城镇居民人均可支配收入实际增长９％，农民人均纯收入实际增长４．３％。

——首次载人航天飞行获得圆满成功。

这些成就，标志着我国综合国力又有新的提高，进一步增强了全国人民继续前进的信心和勇气。

一年来，我们主要做了以下六方面工作：

（一）采取果断措施，集中力量抗击非典

去年春天，我国遭遇了一场非典疫情重大灾害。党中央、国务院把人民群众的身体健康和生命安全放在第一位，及时研究和部署防治非典工作。贯彻《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》，制定《突发公共卫生事件应急条例》，将非典列为法定传染病管理，如实公布疫情，在全国范围内实行群防群控。国务院和地方政府成立防治非典指挥部，统一调度人力物力财力，充分发挥城乡基层组织的作用，确保预防、救治工作紧张有序进行。组织科研攻关，在诊断、治疗、防疫等方面取得重要进展。对农民非典患者实行免费治疗等措施，严防疫情向农村扩散。

在抗击非典斗争的艰难时刻，各级领导干部深入第一线，全国人民万众一心，社会各界同舟共济，广大医务工作者临危不惧，中华民族经受住了严峻的考验。

（二）适时适度调控，促进经济平稳快速发展

我们坚持扩大内需方针，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，针对经济运行中出现的新情况，及时采取措施进行宏观调控。

在非典肆虐的情况下，我们坚持一手抓防治非典不放松，一手抓经济建设不动摇。着力加强重点建设，促进工业生产，保证物流畅通，及时对受疫情冲击较大的行业实行减免税费、贴息贷款等扶持政策，并制定促进就业和增加农民收入等方面的措施，最大限度地减轻了疫情对经济发展的影响。

我们主要运用经济、法律手段，采取综合措施，引导和调控社会投资。进一步整顿和规范土地市场秩序，全面清理各类开发区，制止乱征滥占耕地。适当提高金融机构存款准备金率，控制货币信贷过快增长势头。在调控中，注意适度微调和区别对待。

我们加大“三农”工作力度，及时作出部署，保护粮食主产区和广大农民的种粮积极性。加强经济运行协调，采取措施增加供给，引导需求合理增长，缓解煤、电、油、运和重要原材料供应紧张状况。

我们积极推进经济结构战略性调整，抓紧一批对经济增长和结构调整有重大促进作用的重点项目建设，特别是加快水利、能源、交通等项目的开工和建设。三峡水利枢纽二期工程胜利完成，三期工程拉开序幕；西气东输东段工程成功贯通；青藏铁路正线铺轨顺利推进；西电东送规模扩大；南水北调工程东、中线开工建设。西部大开发继续推进，东北地区等老工业基地振兴战略开始实施。

（三）注重统筹兼顾，加快社会事业发展

非典疫情蔓延，集中暴露出我国经济和社会发展不协调的问题。我们从政府工作的着力点和财政投入等方面，及时作出必要调整，推动社会事业加快发展。中央财政全年用于教育、卫生、科技、文化、体育事业的支出达８５５亿元，比上年增长１２．４％；支持社会事业发展的国债投资达１６３亿元，增长近两倍。

以疾病预防控制和农村为重点，加强全国公共卫生体系建设。制定并组织实施《国家公共卫生监测信息体系建设规划》和《突发公共卫生事件医疗救治体系建设规划》，建立突发公共卫生事件预警和应急机制。加强公共卫生设施建设，重点抓了省、市（地）、县三级疾病预防控制网络建设。采取中央与地方共建办法，加强农村卫生医疗机构建设。开展新型农村合作医疗制度和医疗救助制度试点。

国务院作出《关于进一步加强农村教育工作的决定》。中央财政和国债资金加大了对农村教育的支持力度，主要用于补助中西部农村教师工资发放、中小学危房改造、中小学现代远程教育工程试点和资助家庭经济困难的学生。许多城市开始实行以流入地政府管理为主的办法，努力使进城务工农民的子女能够上学。

一年来，我国基础研究、战略高技术研究和高新技术产业化取得重要进展。国务院着手编制国家中长期科学和技术发展规划，组织大批专家参与研究论证，已有一批重要研究成果。

积极推进文化体制改革和文化事业发展。文化市场整顿力度加大。群众体育和竞技体育运动取得新成绩。

人口和计划生育工作进一步加强。国土资源管理、环境保护、林业发展和生态建设等方面都做了大量工作，取得新成效。

（四）关心群众生活，做好就业和社会保障工作

我们高度重视解决群众特别是困难群众的生产生活问题，维护群众切身利益。各级政府认真落实中央关于扩大就业再就业的一系列措施，加大资金投入、政策支持和工作力度。中央财政新增４７亿元专项补助资金，用于支持就业再就业。加强对高校扩招后首批毕业生就业的指导和服务，全国普通高校毕业生就业率去年底达到８３％，比上年增加６０万人。

为继续落实“两个确保”和“三条保障线”，２００３年中央财政支出７００亿元，比上年增长１９．９％；其中用于城市居民最低生活保障的补助资金由上年４６亿元增加到９２亿元。全国２２３５万城市居民得到最低生活保障。从２００３年起，中央财政每年安排专项资金，支持地方解决企业军转干部等生活困难问题；再次提高革命伤残人员等优抚对象的抚恤补助标准。

我们进一步加强农村扶贫开发工作，增加资金投入，改善贫困地区生产生活条件。全力做好抗灾救灾工作，中央财政用于洪涝、干旱、地震等救灾救济支出８０．３亿元，比上年增长６３．９％；用于灾后重建的中央投资２７．９亿元。灾区群众生活得到妥善安排，恢复生产和重建工作有序进行。各级政府重视解决拖欠农民工工资问题，加大了工作力度，取得初步成效。

（五）推进体制创新，改革开放迈出重要步伐

按照十届全国人大一次会议批准的方案，国务院机构改革顺利完成，调整和新组建的机构运转正常。宏观调控体系建设、国有资产管理体制改革和银行业监管体系建设取得重要进展。统一内外贸管理体制，调整了食品安全和安全生产监管体制。省级政府机构改革基本完成。行政审批制度改革进一步深化。

国有企业股份制改革继续推进。电力、电信、民航等行业的改革加快。国有及国有控股工业企业经济效益大幅度提高，实现利润３７８４亿元，比上年增长４５．２％。银行、证券、保险业改革稳步推进。制定并实施国有商业银行股份制改造试点方案。改革了证券发行审核制度。国有保险企业股份制改造取得明显进展。酝酿多年的农村信用社改革开始在８个省（市）试点。农村税费改革试点扩大到全国。促进非公有制经济发展的政策措施进一步落实。深入整顿和规范市场秩序，坚决打击制售假冒伪劣商品和走私等违法犯罪活动，改善市场环境，维护消费者和生产者合法权益。

我们认真履行加入世贸组织的承诺，继续降低关税税率，扩大服务业对外开放。外贸经营权进一步放开。制定并实施出口退税机制改革方案，积累多年的欠退税问题将逐步得到合理解决。加强了应对国外反倾销调查和解决贸易争端的工作。进出口商品结构进一步优化。全年实际利用外商直接投资５３５亿美元。年底国家外汇储备达４０３３亿美元，比年初增加１１６８亿美元。人民币汇率保持稳定。去年，还签署了内地与香港、内地与澳门建立更紧密经贸关系的安排，增强了内地与港澳的经贸联系。

（六）加强法制建设，维护社会稳定

我们高度重视政府法制建设。国务院先后提出银行业监督管理法草案、对外贸易法修订草案等５部法律议案；制定了《企业国有资产监督管理暂行条例》等２８部行政法规。针对收容遣送工作中存在的问题，制定并组织实施《城市生活无着的流浪乞讨人员救助管理办法》和配套措施。《法律援助条例》的实施，为困难群众解决打官司难提供帮助。

加强社会治安综合治理。对治安混乱地区进行重点整治。加大对严重暴力犯罪等突出犯罪的打击力度，社会治安取得新的进步。坚持执法为民、从严治警，着重解决超期羁押、滥用强制措施等问题，保障公民的合法权益。加强政法队伍建设，发挥公安机关和武警部队在维护社会稳定中的重要作用。

过去的一年，各级政府按照党中央的部署，兴起学习贯彻“三个代表”重要思想和党的十六大精神的高潮。社会主义政治文明建设继续推进，精神文明建设进一步加强。廉政建设和反腐败工作取得新成效。民族、宗教、侨务工作取得新成绩。国防和军队现代化建设迈出新步伐。外交工作开创了新局面。

一年来各方面的显著成就，确实来之不易。这是党中央总揽全局、正确领导的结果，是全国各族人民团结奋斗、辛勤劳动的结果。我代表国务院向全国工人、农民、知识分子和干部，向社会主义劳动者和社会主义事业的建设者，向解放军指战员、武警部队官兵和公安民警，表示诚挚的感谢！向全国各族人民，各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，对政府工作的信任和支持，表示诚挚的感谢！向关心和支持祖国建设和统一的香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞和台湾同胞，以及广大侨胞，向一切关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国朋友，表示诚挚的感谢！

回顾过去一年，我们清醒地看到，在前进道路上还有许多困难和问题，政府工作还有不少缺点，群众还有一些不满意的地方，多年积累的深层次矛盾从根本上解决还需要相当长时间。农民增收缓慢，就业和社会保障任务重，区域发展不平衡，部分社会成员收入差距过大，资源环境压力增加。在经济加快发展的过程中，又出现一些新的矛盾，特别是投资规模偏大，部分行业和地区盲目投资、低水平重复建设比较严重，能源、交通和部分原材料供求关系紧张。粮食减产较多，违法违规占用耕地现象比较突出。社会事业发展滞后，群众对上学难、看病难等问题反映比较强烈。城乡不少低收入居民生活还比较困难。一些地方严重刑事犯罪案件屡有发生。重大安全事故接连出现，给人民群众生命财产造成严重损失，教训极为深刻。我们还清醒地看到，有些政府工作人员存在主观主义、形式主义和官僚主义作风，奢侈浪费，弄虚作假，甚至贪污腐败。政府自身建设和反腐败工作十分艰巨。

对这些矛盾和问题，必须高度重视而不可回避，认真解决而不可任其发展。政府工作任重道远。我们要保持清醒头脑，增强忧患意识和历史责任感，下定决心，知难而进，开拓创新，扎实工作，以新的精神状态、新的工作面貌，迎接新的考验，决不辜负人民的期望。

二、２００４年主要任务

今年是我国改革和发展十分关键的一年。政府工作的基本思路和主要任务是，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，全面贯彻党的十六大和十六届三中全会精神，抓住重要战略机遇期，抓好发展这个第一要务，坚持科学发展观，按照“五个统筹”的要求，更加注重搞好宏观调控，更加注重统筹兼顾，更加注重以人为本，更加注重改革创新，着力解决经济社会发展中的突出矛盾，着力解决关系人民群众切身利益的突出问题，正确处理改革发展稳定的关系，推动经济社会全面、协调、可持续发展，实现社会主义物质文明、政治文明和精神文明共同进步。

（一）加强和改善宏观调控，保持经济平稳较快发展

今年经济工作的基本着眼点，是把各方面加快发展的积极性保护好、引导好、发挥好，实现经济平稳较快发展，防止经济出现大起大落。中央提出今年经济增长预期目标为７％左右，既考虑了保持宏观调控目标的连续性，也考虑了经济增长速度与能源、重要原材料、交通运输等实际条件的衔接，减轻对资源和环境的压力。这也有利于引导各方面把主要精力放在深化改革、调整结构、提高经济增长的质量和效益上，把更多的财力、物力用在社会发展和加强薄弱环节上。

搞好宏观调控，既要保持宏观经济政策的连续性和稳定性，又要根据经济形势发展变化，适时适度调整政策实施的力度和重点。适时，就是把握好调控措施出台的时机，见微知著，防患于未然；适度，就是松紧得当，不急刹车，不一刀切。

要坚持扩大内需的方针，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。发行建设国债是在需求不足的情况下采取的阶段性政策，随着社会投资增长加快，应逐步调减发债规模。今年拟发行建设国债１１００亿元，比上年减少３００亿元。为了建立正常的政府投资机制和稳定的资金来源，在逐年减少国债发行规模的同时，要逐年适当增加中央预算内经常性建设投资，今年拟先增加５０亿元。总的考虑是，经过几年努力，在现有财政赤字规模不扩大的情况下，中央预算内经常性建设投资逐步增加到一定规模，同时逐步减少发行建设国债。要调整建设国债使用方向，集中用于促进经济结构调整和社会全面发展。今年国债投资要向农村、社会事业、西部开发、东北地区等老工业基地、生态建设和环境保护倾斜，保证续建国债项目建设。要切实管好用好国债资金，确保国债项目工程质量和资金使用效益。继续做好财政税收工作，大力增收节支，严格依法征税，保证重点支出。充分发挥货币政策的作用，适当控制货币信贷规模，优化信贷结构，既要支持经济增长，又要防止通货膨胀和防范金融风险。促进国际收支基本平衡，保持人民币汇率在合理、均衡水平上基本稳定。

适当控制固定资产投资规模，坚决遏制部分行业和地区盲目投资、低水平重复建设，是今年宏观调控的一项重要任务。要坚持以市场为导向，主要运用经济、法律手段，辅之以必要的行政手段，加强引导和调控。一要完善产业政策和行业规划，健全行业信息发布制度，正确引导社会投资方向。二要抓紧制定和完善行业准入标准，严格市场准入。凡在环保、安全、能耗、技术、质量等方面不符合标准的项目，尚未建设的不准开工，在建的要进行清理，已建的要限期改造。三要依法加强用地管理。对不符合国家产业政策和行业准入标准的建设项目，一律不得批准用地。继续清理开发区，整顿规范土地市场。四要强化信贷审核和监管。对不符合市场准入条件的新建项目和改扩建项目，金融机构不予贷款。五要严肃税制，坚决禁止和纠正擅自出台税收优惠政策的行为。通过这些措施，努力使投资结构得到调整和优化，投资总规模保持合理水平，投资效益得到提高。要按照走新型工业化道路的要求，推进国民经济和社会信息化，促进产业结构优化升级。积极发展对经济增长带动作用大和拥有自主知识产权的高新技术产业。加快振兴装备制造业。大力发展现代流通、旅游、中介服务等第三产业，逐步提高其在国民经济中的比重。

保持经济平稳较快发展，必须缓解当前能源、重要原材料和运输的供求矛盾。一方面，要增加煤炭、电力、油品生产；加强经济运行调节，促进煤、电、油、运和重要原材料的供需衔接，保证居民生活、重要行业和重点企业的需要；加快大型煤炭基地、重要电源电网建设，加快石油等重要资源勘探开发，加快重大交通运输干线与枢纽工程建设。另一方面，要坚持增产与节约并举，把节约放在优先位置。这不仅是当前解决供需矛盾的迫切需要，也是缓解我国资源环境压力的长远之计。必须切实转变经济增长方式，各行各业都要杜绝浪费，降低消耗，提高资源利用效率，形成有利于节约资源的生产模式和消费方式，建设资源节约型社会。

合理调整投资与消费的关系，是今年宏观调控的重要方面。我国消费在国内生产总值中的比重偏低，不利于国内需求的稳定扩大，不利于国民经济持续较快增长和良性循环。要努力增加城乡居民收入，提高居民购买力水平；加大收入分配调节力度，提高中低收入居民的消费能力；发展消费信贷，完善消费政策，改善消费环境；适应消费结构的变化，扩大服务消费领域，改善生产供给结构；各项改革措施要有利于增强消费者信心，形成良好的消费预期，增加即期消费。要通过不断努力，逐步改变投资率偏高、消费率偏低的状况。

（二）巩固和加强农业基础地位，实现农民增收和农业增产

解决农业、农村和农民问题，是我们全部工作的重中之重。当前，我国农业发展又处在一个关键时期。今年要按照统筹城乡发展的要求，采取更直接、更有力的政策措施，加强农业，支持农业，保护农业，努力增加农民收入。

第一，保护和提高粮食综合生产能力。实行最严格的耕地保护制度，依法加强耕地管理，坚决制止乱占滥用耕地，纠正随意改变基本农田用途的现象。加快改革土地征收、征用制度，完善土地征收、征用程序和补偿机制，确保占补平衡。扩大粮食播种面积，努力提高单产。重点支持主产区发展粮食生产，启动优质粮食产业工程，建设稳产高产基本农田。

第二，推进农业和农村经济结构战略性调整。大力发展优质、高产、高效、生态、安全农业，提高农产品质量和竞争力。推进优势农产品产业带建设，促进农业产业化经营。积极发展畜牧业，切实做好高致病性禽流感等动物疫病的防治工作。发展农产品加工业等农村非农产业，壮大县域经济。稳步推进城镇化，改善农民进城就业环境，加强农民工培训，多渠道扩大农村劳动力转移就业。

第三，继续推进农村税费改革。除烟叶外，取消农业特产税，每年可使农民减轻负担４８亿元。从今年起，逐步降低农业税税率，平均每年降低１个百分点以上，五年内取消农业税。今年农业税率降低可使农民减轻负担７０亿元。为支持农村税费改革，今年中央财政拿出３９６亿元用于转移支付。加快推进县乡机构等配套改革。

第四，深化粮食流通体制改革。全面放开粮食购销市场，加快国有粮食企业改革，加强粮食市场管理和调控，对种粮农民实行直接补贴。今年国家从粮食风险基金中拿出１００亿元，直接补贴种粮农民，以调动农民种粮的积极性。加强农业生产资料价格监管，保护农民利益。

第五，加大对农业和农村投入力度。各级政府都要增加对“三农”的投入。今年中央财政投入增加３００亿元以上，比上年增长２０％以上。国债投资重点加强农村“六小工程”和农田水利建设，改善农民生产生活条件。继续搞好农村扶贫开发，多渠道增加扶贫资金投入，扩大以工代赈规模。改进农村金融服务，农村信用社要增加农户小额信用贷款和农户联保贷款，支持农民发展生产。

第六，加快农业科技进步。加强农业科研攻关，增强农业科技创新、储备和转化能力。加强农村科技推广体系建设，大力推广增产增效的先进适用技术，扩大农作物良种补贴范围和规模。

（三）统筹区域协调发展，推进西部大开发和东北地区等老工业基地振兴

促进区域协调发展，是我国现代化建设中的一个重大战略问题。要坚持推进西部大开发，振兴东北地区等老工业基地，促进中部地区崛起，鼓励东部地区加快发展，形成东中西互动、优势互补、相互促进、共同发展的新格局。

继续实施西部大开发战略，认真总结经验，完善政策，落实各项措施，积极有序地推进。扎实搞好退耕还林、退牧还草、天然林保护、风沙源和石漠化治理等重点生态工程；加强基础设施建设，重点抓好关系全局的重大项目，不断增强经济发展后劲，继续抓好改善农牧民生产生活条件的小型工程建设；以义务教育、公共卫生和基层文化建设为重点，促进社会事业发展；积极发展特色经济和优势产业，推进重点区域和地带开发。

认真实施东北地区等老工业基地振兴战略，今年要有一个良好的开端。落实中央的各项政策措施，突出体制机制创新，扩大对内对外开放。加快经济结构调整和技术进步，着力抓好重点行业、重点企业的调整改造，做好资源型城市经济转型和采煤沉陷区治理工作。要坚持自力更生，艰苦创业，充分发挥广大干部群众的进取精神和创造精神。

加快中部地区发展是区域协调发展的重要方面。国家支持中部地区发挥区位优势和经济优势，加快改革开放和发展步伐，加强现代农业和重要商品粮基地建设，加强基础设施建设，发展有竞争力的制造业和高新技术产业，提高工业化和城镇化水平。

东部地区加快发展，有利于增强国家财力、物力和科技实力，更好地支持中西部地区发展。要继续发挥优势，加快产业结构升级，进一步发展外向型经济，有条件的地方要率先基本实现现代化。东、中、西部地区要加强多种形式的合作，在协调发展中逐步实现共同富裕。国家继续采取措施，支持革命老区加快发展。

（四）继续实施科教兴国战略，坚持走可持续发展之路

切实把教育放在优先发展的地位，用更大的精力、更多的财力加快教育事业发展。实施新一轮《教育振兴行动计划》，重点加强义务教育特别是农村教育。今年要启动西部地区“两基”攻坚计划，到２００７年使西部地区基本普及九年义务教育，基本扫除青壮年文盲，中央财政将为此投入１００亿元。要完善农村义务教育“以县为主”的管理体制，中央财政和省、市（地）财政要增加对贫困县义务教育的转移支付。继续实施第二期农村中小学危房改造，中央财政将投入６０亿元。中央财政和地方财政还将加大投入，发展农村中小学现代远程教育。优化教育结构，积极稳步发展高等教育，大力发展职业教育和继续教育。各级各类学校都要全面贯彻党的教育方针，加强素质教育，深化教育改革，提高教育质量。规范和发展民办教育。坚决治理教育乱收费，切实减轻学生家庭负担。

今年，要继续集中力量完成国家中长期科学和技术发展规划的编制，确定未来１５年我国科技发展战略、目标、任务和政策。要推进科技体制改革和机制创新。加快国家创新体系和科技基础设施建设，切实加强基础研究。组织实施一批关系经济社会发展全局的重大科技项目，促进科学技术与产业结合，推动高新技术产业化。坚持社会科学和自然科学并重，充分发挥哲学社会科学在经济和社会发展中的重要作用。

认真实施人才强国战略。大力培养、积极引进、合理使用各类人才，为现代化建设提供坚强的人才保证和智力支持。

积极实施可持续发展战略，按照统筹人与自然和谐发展的要求，做好人口、资源、环境工作。稳定低生育水平，提高出生人口素质。完善基层计划生育基础设施和服务体系，切实加强流动人口计划生育管理。做好老龄人口工作。认真实施全国生态环境保护和建设规划，实施以生态建设为主的林业发展战略。加大执法力度，强化生态环境监管，严格控制主要污染物排放，抓紧解决严重威胁人民群众健康安全的环境污染问题。大力发展循环经济，推行清洁生产。依法保护与合理利用国土资源。重视海洋资源开发与保护。加强水资源保护和节约利用。做好防灾减灾工作。

（五）加快卫生文化体育事业发展，加强精神文明建设

发展卫生事业，今年重点抓好三件事。一是加强公共卫生体系建设。力争用三年时间，基本建成覆盖城乡、功能完善的疾病预防控制和医疗救治体系，提高应对重大传染病等突发公共卫生事件的能力。要高度重视并采取坚决有力措施，做好非典型肺炎、艾滋病、血吸虫病等重大传染病的防治工作。二是改善农村医疗卫生条件，做好新型农村合作医疗制度试点工作。要切实把医疗卫生工作的重点放在农村，加强农村医疗卫生基础设施和农村卫生队伍建设，逐步改善农村缺医少药的状况。要从各地实际出发，积极稳妥地推进新型农村合作医疗制度试点，逐步建立由政府组织和引导，农民自愿参加，个人、集体和政府多方筹资，以大病统筹为主的农民医疗互助共济制度，确保农民群众受益。三是积极推进城镇医疗卫生体制改革试点。继续改革城镇职工基本医疗保险制度、医疗卫生和药品生产流通体制。实行医疗机构分类管理，合理配置和有效使用卫生资源，发展社区卫生事业，改进医疗卫生服务。同时，在城乡广泛开展爱国卫生运动。

随着我国经济发展和社会进步，人民群众的精神文化需求不断增长，必须把文化建设摆到更加重要的位置。要大力发展社会主义先进文化。弘扬以爱国主义精神为核心的民族精神，特别要加强对青少年的思想道德教育。积极开展群众性精神文明创建活动。加强农村、社区和企业等基层文化建设。普及科学知识，弘扬科学精神。倡导科学、健康、文明的生活方式。进一步发展文学艺术、新闻出版和广播影视业，实施精品战略，提供更多健康向上、人民群众喜闻乐见的精神文化产品。抓紧制定文化体制改革总体方案和文化发展纲要。积极推动文化体制改革和机制创新，加大对公益性文化事业扶持力度，完善文化产业政策，发挥市场机制作用，促进文化事业和文化产业共同发展。搞好文物、档案工作和自然、文化遗产保护工作。继续加强文化市场和互联网的建设与管理，坚持不懈地进行“扫黄”“打非”斗争。积极扩大对外文化交流。广泛开展全民健身运动，努力提高竞技体育水平。继续做好２００８年北京奥运会和２０１０年上海世界博览会的准备工作。

（六）抓住有利时机，深化经济体制改革

今年，要按照党的十六届三中全会决定的部署，有重点有步骤地推进改革，力求在一些重要方面取得新进展。

深化国有资产管理体制和国有企业改革。抓紧完善国有资产监督管理相关法规和实施办法，研究建立国有资本经营预算制度和企业经营业绩考核体系，进一步落实国有资产经营责任。积极推进国有企业规范的股份制改造，完善产权结构和法人治理结构，推动企业经营机制转换。大力发展混合所有制经济，逐步使股份制成为公有制的主要实现形式。继续做好电信、电力、民航等行业的改革重组工作，稳步推进邮政、铁路行业改革。推进市政公用事业的市场化进程。通过改革和发展，形成一批核心竞争力强、拥有自主知识产权和知名品牌的大公司大企业集团。继续推进集体企业改革，发展多种形式的集体经济。

大力发展和积极引导非公有制经济。各级政府要抓紧清理和修订限制非公有制经济发展的法规和政策，落实放宽市场准入的措施。进一步研究制定鼓励非公有制企业参与国有企业改组改造，进入基础设施、公用事业及其他行业和领域的具体办法。在投融资、税收、土地使用和对外贸易等方面，采取措施保障非公有制企业与其他企业享受同等待遇。保护非公有制企业的合法权益，改进服务和监管，支持和鼓励有条件的企业做强做大。加快推进现代产权制度建设。

推进金融体制改革。要加快国有独资商业银行改革，重点做好中国银行和中国建设银行股份制改造试点工作。其他商业银行和政策性银行也要深化改革。继续搞好农村信用社改革试点，总结经验，逐步扩大范围。推进资本市场改革开放和稳定发展，扩大企业债券发行规模，逐步提高企业直接融资比重。继续推进保险业改革，大力发展保险市场。完善银行、证券、保险监管体制，加强相互配合，强化金融监管，维护金融稳健运行。

推进财税体制改革。重点是逐步推行增值税由生产型改为消费型，将设备投资纳入增值税抵扣范围，促进企业技术进步，提高自主发展能力。今年在东北地区部分行业先行试点。抓紧制定配套措施，认真落实出口退税机制改革方案。

推进投资体制改革。主要目标是：改革政府对企业投资的管理制度，按照“谁投资、谁决策、谁收益、谁承担风险”的原则，扩大和落实企业投资自主权；合理界定政府投资职能，加强政府投资管理，建立政府投资责任追究制度；健全投资宏观调控体系，改进调控方式，完善调控手段。经过努力，最终建立起市场引导投资、企业自主决策、银行独立审贷、融资方式多样、中介服务规范、宏观调控有效的新型投资体制。

加快社会信用体系建设。抓紧建立企业和个人信用信息征集体系、信用市场监督管理体系和失信惩戒制度。加大整顿和规范市场秩序的力度，重点是继续抓好直接关系人民群众身体健康和生命安全的食品、药品等方面的专项整治。严厉打击制售假冒伪劣产品、非法传销和商业欺诈行为。加大知识产权保护力度，依法惩处盗版侵权行为。严厉打击偷逃骗税、洗钱和走私等违法犯罪活动。

（七）适应新的形势，提高对外开放水平

我们必须统筹国内发展与对外开放，充分利用国内国外两个市场、两种资源，拓展发展空间，积极主动地做好对外开放各项工作，增强参与国际合作和竞争的能力。

努力保持对外贸易适度增长。要继续实施市场多元化战略，坚持科技兴贸，以质取胜，优化出口商品结构，促进加工贸易转型升级。加强对外贸易协调，努力打破贸易壁垒，减少贸易摩擦，为企业争取公平贸易的环境。深化涉外经济体制改革，落实各类所有制企业的进出口经营自主权。增加国内短缺原材料、关键技术和重大设备的进口，推进重要物资进口来源多元化。要积极合理利用外资，着力提高利用外资质量。继续实行鼓励外商投资的政策措施，进一步改善投资环境。加快实施“走出去”战略，加强对境外投资的协调和指导，鼓励各类所有制企业采取多种形式到境外投资兴业，拓展国际市场。积极开展多边、双边和区域经济合作。继续认真履行加入世贸组织的各项承诺。

（八）加大就业和社会保障工作力度，进一步改善人民生活

千方百计增加就业是政府的重要职责。今年的预期目标是，新增城镇就业９００万人，下岗失业人员再就业５００万人。继续实施积极的就业政策，特别要把财政、信贷支持和税费减免等政策真正落到实处。今年中央财政预算安排再就业补助资金８３亿元，比去年增加３６亿元。要拓展就业渠道，注重发展劳动密集型产业、中小企业和非公有制经济，推行灵活多样的就业方式，鼓励自主创业和自谋职业。要健全再就业援助制度，政府出资开发的公益性岗位要优先安置就业困难人员。支持国有大中型企业通过主辅分离、辅业改制，分流安置富余人员。要重点做好老工业基地、资源枯竭城市和独立工矿区以及军工、煤炭、森工等行业下岗失业人员的再就业工作。完善就业服务体系，加强就业技能培训、职业介绍和就业指导。今年仍是高校毕业生就业高峰年，退役军人安置任务也很重，要认真做好就业指导和服务工作。

建立与我国国情相适应、与经济发展水平相适应的社会保障体系，是一项重要而艰巨的任务。要继续做好“两个确保”工作，搞好“三条保障线”的衔接。稳步推进国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险并轨。坚持社会统筹与个人账户相结合，完善职工基本养老保险制度。依法扩大社会保险覆盖面，加强对各类参保企业社会保险费的征缴。各级政府要加强执法检查力度。进一步做好城市“低保”工作，规范“低保”标准和范围。继续多渠道筹集并管好社会保障基金。在总结辽宁省完善城镇社会保障体系试点工作的基础上，将试点范围扩大到黑龙江和吉林两省。今年，中央财政安排用于“两个确保”和城市“低保”的补助资金７７９亿元，比去年增长１１．３％。地方财政也要增加这方面的投入。

对城乡特殊困难群众，要给予更多的关爱。继续完善社会救助制度。切实帮助特殊困难家庭解决就医看病、子女上学、住房、冬季取暖等实际困难。完善农村“五保户”生活保障制度，确保供养资金。切实做好农村受灾地区税收减免和受灾群众生产生活救济等工作。关心和支持残疾人事业。

抓紧解决城镇房屋拆迁和农村土地征用中存在的问题。在城镇房屋拆迁中，要严格依据城市总体规划和近期建设规划，合理确定拆迁规模，规范审批程序，完善补偿安置政策，强化监督检查。在农村土地征用中，要严格控制征地规模，依法按规划和程序征地，及时给予农民合理补偿，切实保护农民合法权益。

切实保障农民工工资按时足额支付。当前要抓紧解决克扣和拖欠农民工工资问题。国务院决定，用三年时间基本解决建设领域拖欠工程款和农民工工资问题。清欠要从政府投资的工程做起，同时督促各类企业加快清欠。对拖欠农民工工资拒不支付的企业和经营者，要坚决依法查处。要建立健全及时支付农民工工资的机制，从源头上防止新的拖欠。各类企业都要按时发放工资，严格执行最低工资制度。要保证机关事业单位工资和离退休费的按时足额发放，任何地方都不得出现新的拖欠。要严格工资专户管理，财政资金要优先保证发放工资。

（九）加强民主法制建设，维护国家安全和社会稳定

积极稳妥地推进政治体制改革，发展社会主义民主，健全社会主义法制。进一步扩大基层民主，完善村民自治和城市居民自治，尊重基层和群众的民主权利。坚持和完善职工代表大会和其他形式的企事业单位民主管理制度，保障职工的合法权益。

继续做好民族、宗教、侨务工作。全面贯彻党的民族政策，巩固和发展平等、团结、互助的社会主义民族关系。加大对民族地区经济社会发展的支持力度，加强少数民族各类人才培养，促进各民族共同繁荣发展。全面贯彻党的宗教信仰自由政策，依法管理宗教事务，坚持独立自主自办的原则，积极引导宗教与社会主义社会相适应。进一步做好海外侨胞和归侨、侨眷的工作，充分发挥他们在促进祖国统一和民族振兴中的独特作用。

加强政府立法工作。要重视社会管理和公共服务方面的立法。重点做好应对各种突发事件、保障农民权益、劳动就业和社会保障，以及社会事业发展方面的立法。要努力提高政府立法工作质量。研究拟定涉及人民群众切身利益的重要法律草案和制定行政法规，要广泛征求社会各方面的意见。加强律师、公证等法律服务，做好法律援助工作。依法保障妇女、未成年人和残疾人的合法权益。加强普法宣传教育，在全社会营造学法、懂法、守法的良好环境。

保障人民群众安居乐业，是政府应尽的责任。要进一步落实社会治安综合治理各项措施，推进社会治安防控体系建设。严厉打击黑恶势力犯罪、严重暴力犯罪、多发性侵财犯罪、毒品犯罪等。加大对突出治安问题和治安混乱地区的整治力度。完善政法经费保障机制，为政法机关正常开展工作提供必要条件。重视和加强反恐怖斗争。深入开展同邪教组织的斗争。正确处理新形势下人民内部矛盾，健全预防、化解各种矛盾和纠纷的机制，重视做好人民群众来信来访工作，维护正常社会秩序和社会稳定。

要以对国家和人民高度负责的精神，切实加强安全工作。强化安全生产监管，加强安全专项整治，落实安全防范措施，健全安全责任制。坚决查处各类安全事故，依法追究有关人员责任，维护法制和纪律的严肃性。

加强国防和军队现代化建设，是维护国家安全和全面建设小康社会的重要保障。要按照“政治合格、军事过硬、作风优良、纪律严明、保障有力”的总要求，全面加强部队建设。积极推进中国特色军事变革，努力实现国防和军队现代化的跨越式发展。实施科技强军战略，重点加强高新技术武器装备研制，培养高素质新型军事人才，推进以信息化为主导、机械化为基础的军队现代化建设，提高高技术条件下的整体防卫作战能力。坚持依法治军方针，加强正规化建设。坚持国防建设与经济建设协调发展，提高国防建设整体效益。坚持军民结合、寓军于民的方针，积极推进国防科技工业改革、调整和发展，提高自主创新能力。精心做好军队体制编制调整改革工作，确保完成２００５年前裁减军队员额２０万等各项任务。加强后勤建设和改革，提高后勤保障能力。进一步增强人民武装警察部队执勤和处置突发事件的能力。要大力加强国防教育，增强全民国防意识。积极支持国防和军队建设，搞好预备役部队和民兵建设，建立和完善快速高效的国防动员体制。深入开展双拥共建活动，加强军政军民团结。

三、加强政府自身建设

在全面建设小康社会的进程中，政府担负着繁重而艰巨的任务。各级政府和领导干部必须适应新形势新任务，不断提高行政能力和管理水平。一年来，我们按照执政为民的要求和建设法治政府的目标，突出强调实行科学民主决策、坚持依法行政和加强行政监督三项基本准则，并认真贯彻执行。新的一年，我们要着力抓好以下几个方面：

第一，推进政府职能转变。各级政府要全面履行职能，在继续搞好经济调节、加强市场监管的同时，更加注重履行社会管理和公共服务职能。特别要加快建立健全各种突发事件应急机制，提高政府应对公共危机的能力。要加快政企分开，进一步把不该由政府管的事交给企业、社会组织和中介机构，更大程度地发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用。同时，加强对中介机构的规范和监管。政府该管的事一定要管好，并适应新形势改进管理方式和方法，提高行政效能和工作效率。

第二，坚持科学民主决策。要进一步完善公众参与、专家论证和政府决策相结合的决策机制，保证决策的科学性和正确性。加快建立和完善重大问题集体决策制度、专家咨询制度、社会公示和社会听证制度、决策责任制度。所有重大决策，都要在深入调查研究、广泛听取意见、进行充分论证的基础上，由集体讨论决定。这要作为政府的一项基本工作制度，长期坚持下去。

第三，全面推行依法行政。各级政府都要按照法定权限和程序行使权力、履行职责。所有政府工作人员都要学会并善于依法处理经济社会事务。要改革行政执法体制，相对集中行政许可权和行政处罚权，推进综合执法试点，解决多头执法和乱罚款等问题。要加强行政执法监督，促进严格执法、公正执法和文明执法。实行执法责任制和执法过错追究制，完善并严格执行行政赔偿制度，做到有权必有责、用权受监督、侵权要赔偿。《中华人民共和国行政许可法》今年７月１日将正式施行，这是规范政府行为的一部重要法律，各级政府必须认真执行。

第四，自觉接受人民监督。政府的一切权力都是人民赋予的，必须对人民负责，为人民谋利益，接受人民监督。只有人民监督政府，政府才不会懈怠。各级政府要自觉接受同级人民代表大会及其常委会的监督，接受人民政协的民主监督，认真听取民主党派、工商联、无党派人士和各人民团体的意见。同时，要接受新闻舆论和社会公众监督；重视人民群众通过行政复议、行政诉讼等法定渠道，对政府机关及其工作人员的监督；加强政府系统内部监督，支持监察、审计部门依法独立履行监督职责。为便于人民群众知情和监督，要建立政务信息公开制度，增强政府工作的透明度。

第五，加强政风建设和公务员队伍建设。弘扬求真务实精神，树立科学发展观和正确的政绩观，是加强政风建设的一项重要内容。各级政府办事情、作决策，都要符合中国现阶段国情。必须坚持一切从实际出发，按客观规律办事，既要积极进取，又要量力而行，不盲目攀比；必须坚持办实事，求实效，珍惜民力，不搞劳民伤财的“形象工程”；必须坚持察实情，讲真话，不虚报浮夸；必须坚持统筹兼顾，立足当前，着眼长远，不急功近利；必须坚持改进工作作风，精简会议，减少文件，把更多时间和精力用于深入基层，调查研究。各项工作都要经得起实践、群众和历史的检验。

公务员的素质决定着政府的管理水平和效率。要建设一支政治坚定、业务精通、清正廉洁、作风优良的公务员队伍。这支队伍要坚持解放思想，实事求是，与时俱进；牢固树立执政为民的思想，保持同人民群众的密切联系，全心全意为人民服务；遵守宪法和法律，具有依法行政能力；忠于职守，努力学习，勤奋工作；遵守纪律和职业道德，诚信廉明，公道正派，甘于奉献。各级政府都要从严治政，赏罚分明。要重视和加强公务员的培训和考核工作。

加强廉政建设和反腐败斗争。要建立教育、制度、监督并重的预防和惩治腐败体系。坚决查处违纪违法案件，坚决惩处腐败分子，坚决纠正损害人民群众利益的不正之风。全体政府工作人员特别是各级领导干部，都要继续保持谦虚谨慎、不骄不躁的作风，继续保持艰苦奋斗的作风。

各位代表！

维护香港、澳门长期稳定和繁荣发展，是我们坚定不移的目标。我们坚持“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，严格按照香港基本法和澳门基本法办事，全力支持香港、澳门两个特别行政区行政长官和政府依法施政。广泛团结港澳地区各界人士。切实做好内地与香港、澳门建立更紧密经贸关系安排的工作。我们对香港、澳门的前景充满信心。

我们坚持“和平统一、一国两制”的基本方针和现阶段发展两岸关系、推进祖国和平统一进程的八项主张。我们将积极推进两岸人员往来和经济、文化交流，促进直接“三通”，依法保护台湾同胞在大陆的正当权益，继续推动在一个中国原则基础上恢复两岸对话和谈判。我们将以最大的诚意、尽最大的努力，实现祖国的和平统一。坚决反对任何形式的“台独”分裂活动，绝不允许任何人以任何方式把台湾从中国分割出去。我们坚信，在包括台湾同胞在内的全体中华儿女的不懈努力下，祖国完全统一的共同愿望，一定能够早日实现！

各位代表！

当前，国际形势继续发生复杂、深刻的变化。和平与发展仍然是当今时代的主题。世界多极化、经济全球化在曲折中发展，谋求和平与发展、促进合作与进步已成为不可阻挡的历史潮流。但是，单边主义倾向有新的发展，局部冲突不断，国际恐怖主义活动频繁，南北差距拉大，传统和非传统安全问题交织，给各国人民带来严峻挑战。

过去的一年，我们坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，把握机遇，应对挑战，主动进取，对外工作成绩显著。我国在国际上赢得了更多的理解、信任、尊重和支持，国际地位和影响力进一步提高。

在新的一年，我们要继续高举和平、发展、合作的旗帜，坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持和平共处五项原则，推进与各国的友好交往与合作，努力争取更好的国际环境和周边环境。

我们要坚持促进世界多极化，倡导国际关系民主化和发展模式多样化，促进经济全球化朝着有利于各国共同繁荣的方向发展。要坚持互信、互利、平等、协作的新安全观，反对霸权主义和强权政治，反对一切形式的恐怖主义，继续推动建立公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序。

我们要深化同发展中国家的友好合作，探索合作的新渠道、新形式，支持广大发展中国家联合自强。

我们要坚持与邻为善、以邻为伴的方针，与周边各国深化睦邻友好合作，维护地区和平与稳定。

我们要不断加强同发达国家的关系，努力寻求和扩大共同利益的汇合点，通过平等对话与磋商，逐步解决存在的分歧，促进相互关系的稳定发展。

我们要积极拓展多边外交，在联合国和其他国际及区域组织中发挥建设性作用。

中国政府和中国人民将始终站在人类正义事业的一边，同各国人民一道，为维护世界和平、促进共同发展不懈奋斗。

各位代表！

新的一年，政府工作任务相当繁重，我们深感肩负的责任重大而光荣。全国人民对政府的信任和支持，给了我们无穷的力量和必胜的信心。我们坚信，在以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央领导下，高举邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想伟大旗帜，紧紧依靠全国各族人民，一定能够克服各种艰难险阻，不断把改革开放和社会主义现代化事业推向前进！(中国政府网)

第四篇：温家宝政府工作报告

温家宝政府工作报告

国务院总理温家宝3月5日在十一届全国人大四次会议上作政府工作报告时说，要更好地满足人民群众多层次多样化文化需求，发挥文化引导社会、教育人民、推动发展的功能，增强

民族凝聚力和创造力。

温家宝指出，加强公民道德建设，在全社会树立中国特色社会主义的共同理想和信念，加快构建传承中华传统美德、符合社会主义精神文明要求、适应社会主义市场经济的道德和行为规范。加强诚信体系建设，建立相关制度和法律法规。增强公共文化产品供给和服务能力，重点加强中西部地区和城乡基层的文化基础设施建设，继续实施文化惠民工程。扶持公益性文化事业，加强文化遗产保护、利用和传承。进一步繁荣哲学社会科学。发展新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术、档案事业。加强对互联网的利用和管理。深化文化体制改革，积极推进经营性文化单位转企改制。大力发展文化产业，培育新型文化业态，推动文化产业成为国民经济支柱性产业。大力开展全民健身活动，促进群众体育和竞技体育协调发展。加强对外

文化体育交流与合作。

《 人民日报 》（2011年03月06日03 版）

第五篇：2010 温家宝政府工作报告(英文版)

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

Delivered at the Third Session

of the Eleventh National People's Congress on March 5, 2010

Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council

Fellow Deputies，On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I also invite the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)to provide comments and suggestions.I.Review of Work in 2009

The year 2009 was the most difficult year for our country's economic development since the beginning of the new century.This time last year the global financial crisis was still spreading, and the world economy was in a deep recession.Our economy was severely affected;our exports decreased significantly;a large number of enterprises had operating difficulties, and some even suspended production or closed down;the number of unemployed people increased significantly;many migrant workers had to return to their home villages;and the pace of our economic growth suddenly slowed down.In these unusually difficult circumstances, the people of all our ethnic groups fortified their confidence, tackled difficulties head on, worked tenaciously, and responded calmly to the impact of the global financial crisis under the firm leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC).Our economy was the first in the world to have made a turnaround, and we made major new achievements in reform and opening up as well as socialist modernization.GDP reached 33.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 8.7% over the previous year(here and below).Fiscal revenue was 6.85 trillion yuan, up 11.7%.Grain production was 530.82 million tons, a new record and an increase for the sixth consecutive year.A total of 11.02 million urban jobs were created.The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 17,175 yuan, and the net per capita income of rural residents was 5,153 yuan, up 9.8% and 8.5% respectively in real terms.We took another steady step along the path of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Events again proved that no difficulties or obstacles can impede the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.The past year was truly extraordinary and inspiring.We held a grand celebration of the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China.The outstanding achievements we made in that time have greatly boosted the confidence and pride of the people, strengthened the cohesiveness of the Chinese nation, and raised China's international standing and influence.All this definitely encourages us to continue to forge ahead on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Over the last year, we mainly undertook the following work.1.Strengthening and improving macro-control and promoting steady and rapid economic development.We carried out a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We comprehensively implemented and constantly improved the package plan for addressing the global financial crisis.We significantly increased government spending, implemented structural tax reductions, rapidly increased supplies of money and credit, made our monetary policy more sustainable, and increased the amount of direct financing.We thus ensured funding for economic and social development, effectively boosted domestic demand, and quickly reversed the slowdown in economic growth.We vigorously expanded consumer spending.Our policies to encourage consumption covered more areas, were stronger and benefited more people than ever before.The central government provided 45 billion yuan in subsidies for rural residents to purchase home appliances and motor vehicles, including motorbikes.Part of the subsidies also supported trading-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and purchasing agricultural machinery and tools.We halved the purchase tax on small-displacement automobiles.We reduced or exempted taxes on buying and selling homes to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners' residences.Throughout the year 13.64 million motor vehicles were sold, an increase of 46.2%;commodity housing sales amounted to 937 million square meters, up 42.1%;and total retail sales of consumer goods increased 16.9% in real terms.Consumption played a much bigger role in fueling economic growth.We promoted rapid growth in investment.We guided and stimulated non-government investment by means of well-leveraged government investment.We implemented a plan to invest an additional 4 trillion yuan over two years.In 2009, the central government's public investment was 924.3 billion yuan, 503.8 billion yuan more than in the previous year's budget.Of this, 44% was invested in low-income housing, projects to improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and social programs;16% in independent innovation, restructuring, energy conservation, emissions reductions, and ecological improvement;23% in major infrastructure projects;and 14% in post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction.Fixed asset investment increased 30.1% nationwide.We further improved the investment structure.Rapid investment growth effectively compensated for the shortfall created by shrinking external demand, strengthened weak links, and laid a solid foundation for long-term economic and social development.We accelerated the post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction work.We have already invested 654.5 billion yuan, 65.5% of the total planned investment, in the worst hit areas.Thanks to the government's strong support, the selfless assistance of people throughout the country, and the hard work of residents of the earthquake area, the badly damaged areas have taken on a brand-new appearance, with new towns rising straight out of the ground, and villages brimming with vitality.All this fully reflects the boundless love of the Chinese nation and powerfully demonstrates the incomparable superiority of the socialist system.2.Vigorously carrying out economic restructuring, and shoring up the foundation for long-term development.We closely integrated sustaining economic growth with economic restructuring, and moved more quickly to resolve structural problems limiting economic development.We further strengthened the work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.The central government used 725.3 billion yuan to support agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, an increase of 21.8%.We raised the minimum grain purchase prices by a large margin.We began implementation of the plan to increase grain production capacity by 50 million tons nationwide.We continued to improve living and working conditions in rural areas.We implemented rural drinking water safety projects that benefited 60.69 million people, increased the number of methane gas users by 5.1 million, built and upgraded 380,000 kilometers of roads and 266,000 kilometers of electric power lines and renovated 800,000 dilapidated houses in the countryside, and helped build permanent housing for 92,000 nomadic families.We also intensified our efforts to fight poverty.As a result, working and living conditions notably improved in poverty-stricken areas.We intensified industrial restructuring.We formulated and implemented a plan for restructuring and invigorating ten key industries.We encouraged enterprises to accelerate technological upgrading, and provided 20 billion yuan to support 4,441 technological upgrading projects.Further progress was made in mergers and reorganization in key industries.We made great efforts to restrict excess production capacity and redundant development in some industries.We closed down 26.17 million kilowatts of small thermal power stations, and eliminated backward facilities with total production capacity of 16.91 million tons in the steelmaking industry, 21.13 million tons in the iron-smelting industry, 74.16 million tons in the cement industry, and 18.09 million tons in the coke industry.We accelerated the implementation of major national science and technology projects, and spent 151.2 billion yuan of central government funds on science and technology, an increase of 30%.We vigorously supported the widespread use of domestically innovated products, and the development of emerging industries such as clean energy and third-generation mobile communications.We vigorously strengthened infrastructure development;put 5,557 kilometers of newly built railway lines into operation;opened 4,719 kilometers of new expressways to traffic, accelerated urban rail development;and built, renovated or expanded 35 civil airports.We increased the installed power-generating capacity by 89.7 million kilowatts, began supplying gas through the western section of the second line of the project for shipping natural gas from west to east, accelerated construction on the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and began reinforcing 6,183 dangerous reservoirs.We made solid progress in conserving energy, reducing emissions and protecting the environment.We supported 2,983 key energy conservation and recycling projects through budgetary investment.We implemented a project to promote energy-efficient products for the benefit of the people, putting into use more than 5 million energy-saving air-conditioners and 150 million energy-efficient light bulbs.We continued to develop key ecological projects in the forestry industry, and completed the afforestation of 5.88 million hectares, thereby raising the percentage of land covered by forest to 20.36%.Through combined measures, we brought soil erosion on 48,000 square kilometers of land under control.We strengthened the prevention and treatment of water pollution in the key watersheds of the Huai, Hai, and Liao rivers and Tai, Chao, and Dianchi lakes, and improved the control of wastewater, gases and residues from industry.Over the first four years of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell 14.38 %, and chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions decreased 9.66% and 13.14% respectively.We made vigorous efforts to respond to climate change, and set forth our country's targets, policies and measures for controlling greenhouse gas emissions by 2020.We improved our weather forecasting and early warning, as well as earthquake monitoring, and constantly improved our disaster prevention and protection capabilities.We took new steps in balancing development between regions.We thoroughly implemented the overall strategy for regional development, and formulated several major regional development plans and policies.The central and western regions and northeast China accelerated opening up and development, welcomed industries relocated from other parts of the country, and continuously strengthened their foundation for development.The eastern region accelerated restructuring and independent innovation, and the vitality of its economic development increased.A favorable situation emerged in which regional development was better distributed, structured and coordinated.3.Steadfastly deepening reform and opening up, and constantly improving institutions and mechanisms conducive to developing scientifically.We deepened reform and opening up to respond more powerfully to the global financial crisis, worked hard to remove institutional obstacles and continued to open wider to the outside world.We accelerated reform in key areas and links.We comprehensively carried out VAT reform.The reform of the prices of refined oil products and taxes and fees on them was implemented smoothly, and a new mechanism for pricing them worked well.We made solid progress in commercializing the China Development Bank and introducing the joint stock system in the Agricultural Bank of China, and launched a pilot project to use the renminbi as the settlement currency for cross-border trade.The ChiNext stock market was officially launched, which opened a new financing channel for enterprises based on independent innovation and other growth enterprises.We proceeded with the reform of local government departments in an orderly manner, and steadily carried out a trial of reforming institutions by type.We comprehensively launched the reform of tenure in collective forests.We devolved tenure in 100 million hectares of forest land to rural households, equaling 60% of the country's total area of collective forests.This is another major reform of China's rural operation system, and follows in the footsteps of the household land contract responsibility system.We constantly raised the level of the open economy.We introduced policies and measures to stabilize foreign demand, adopted methods that conform to international practices to support export companies, completed the issuance of short-term export credit insurance worth US$ 90 billion, and arranged $42.1 billion of export financing insurance for complete sets of large equipment.We encouraged increases in imports.Since the second half of last year, falls in imports and exports have clearly eased, and we have consolidated our share of international markets.Last year imports and exports totaled $2.2 trillion.We reversed the decline in utilized foreign investment, and actual utilized foreign direct investment amounted to $90 billion for the entire year.More enterprises “went global” in spite of the adverse situation;non-financial outward direct investment amounted to $43.3 billion, and receipts from overseas project contracting operations reached $77.7 billion.We actively participated in international macroeconomic policy dialogue and coordination as well as economic, trade and financial cooperation, and played a constructive role in the joint response to the global financial crisis.4.Striving to improve people's wellbeing and accelerating the development of social programs.In the difficult circumstances of responding to the global financial crisis, we gave greater priority to ensuring and improving people's wellbeing and effectively solved the most practical problems of the greatest and most direct concern to the people.We implemented a more active employment policy.We increased the responsibility of the government for stimulating employment.The central government allocated 42.6 billion yuan in special employment funds, an increase of 59%.For distressed enterprises, we postponed and in some cases reduced their payment of social security contributions.We also reduced or exempted reemployment tax and provided related subsidies to encourage enterprises to maintain or increase their levels of employment.We launched a series of employment service activities, created public-service jobs through multiple channels, and encouraged college graduates to take jobs at the primary level, enlist in the army, or join enterprises and institutions as interns.We provided job training for 21 million urban and rural workers.These measures helped bring about basic employment stability.We accelerated improvements in the social security system.We established a nationwide pension planning system at the provincial level, and introduced a method for transferring pension accounts for workers of urban enterprises, some of whom are rural migrant workers.We launched a pilot project for a new rural pension insurance system in 320 counties-a historic step forward in the development of China's social security system.The central government allocated 290.6 billion yuan in social security funds, an increase of 16.6%.Pensions for enterprise retirees increased for the fifth consecutive year and registered another 10% rise per person.We provided better care for childless and infirm rural residents receiving guarantees of food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses.We increased subsidies for entitled groups and subsistence allowances for both urban and rural recipients.The central government used 55.1 billion yuan to develop low-income housing projects, a two-fold increase over the previous year.We built, renovated or expanded 2 million low-income housing units of various types, and renovated or built 1.3 million housing units in different types of run-down areas.Nationwide, social security funds reached 692.7 billion yuan, an increase of 44.2%.We strengthened the social security system.We made education more equitable.We increased education spending nationwide significantly, including central government spending of 198.1 billion yuan, an increase of 23.6%.We comprehensively implemented the urban and rural compulsory education policy, spent 66.6 billion yuan of central government funds on rural compulsory education, and reached the target of raising public spending for rural secondary and primary school students to an average of 500 yuan and 300 yuan per student respectively a year ahead of schedule.We implemented a performance-based pay system for compulsory education teachers.We started to implement the policy of free tuition for rural students attending secondary vocational schools whose families have financial difficulties and students in such schools who are studying agriculture-related majors.We constantly improved the national student financial aid system, which benefited 28.71 million students and basically ensured that no children from poor families were denied schooling due to financial difficulties.We made steady progress in the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields.We organized the implementation of the reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems.The central government spent 127.7 billion yuan on medical and health care, an increase of 49.5 %.A total of 401 million urban workers and non-working urban residents subscribed to basic medical insurance, and coverage of the new type of rural cooperative medical care system reached 830 million people.The central government allocated 42.9 billion yuan to solve the problem of medical insurance for retired workers from closed and bankrupt state-owned enterprises.The basic drug system has been implemented in 30% of primary-level medical and health care institutions.Central government funds were used to support the construction of a number of county-level hospitals, town and township central hospitals, and community health service centers.We launched major public health service projects, including one to increase vaccinations against hepatitis B.We intensified special campaigns for food and drug safety.Faced with the sudden outbreak of influenza A(H1N1), we carried out scientific and orderly prevention and control work in accordance with the law, and thereby effectively protected people's lives and maintained normal order in society.It was not at all easy for our country to make all these achievements against the backdrop of the severe impact of the global financial crisis and the negative growth of the world economy.They were the result of the overall planning and correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary as well as the concerted and strenuous efforts of the whole Party, the entire army, and the people of all of our ethnic groups.On behalf of the State Council, I hereby express our sincere gratitude to the people of all of our ethnic groups and to the democratic parties, mass organizations, and people from all sectors of society.I also express our sincere thanks to our compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas, as well as to foreign governments, international organizations, and friends in other countries that take an interest in and support China's modernization.In the course of the past year, as we conscientiously applied the Scientific Outlook on Development, vigorously responded to the global financial crisis and completed all of our government work, we came to the following conclusions: We must continue to make use of both market mechanisms and macro-control, that is, at the same time as we keep our reforms oriented toward a market economy, let market forces play their basic role in allocating resources, and stimulate the market's vitality, we must make best use of the socialist system's advantages, which enable us to make decisions efficiently, organize effectively, and concentrate resources to accomplish large undertakings.We must balance long-and short-term interests, take into account long-and short-term needs, and address both the symptoms and root causes of problems.We must overcome short-term difficulties and solve major problems as well as strengthen key areas and weak links in order to lay a foundation for long-term development.We must continue to consider domestic and international situations, make it a long-term strategic policy to boost domestic demand, adhere to the win-win strategy of opening up, and quickly formulate a pattern in which domestic demand and foreign demand drive economic growth in concert.We must always remember that developing the economy is inseparable from improving people's wellbeing and safeguarding social fairness and justice;make improving people's wellbeing the focus of development, and the starting point, goal, and lasting driving force of economic development;strive to safeguard fairness and justice;ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development;and promote social harmony and stability.We must give free rein to the initiative of both the central and local authorities.While stressing unity of thinking and keeping overall interests in mind, we also need to encourage everyone to proceed in light of local conditions and make explorations and innovations, in order to form a powerful, concerted force for overcoming present difficulties.All of these experiences are of vital and profound significance for keeping to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, improving our ability to run the socialist market economy, and pushing ahead the process of modernization.II.Main Tasks for 2010

This is a crucial year for continuing to deal with the global financial crisis, maintaining steady and rapid economic development, and accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development.It is also an important year for achieving all the targets of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and laying a solid foundation for development on the basis of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.Although this year's development environment may be better than last year's, we still face a very complex situation.Some positive changes and negative influences are growing while others are diminishing.Short-term and long-term problems are interwoven, domestic and international factors mutually affect each other, and the dilemmas facing economic and social development are increasing.Internationally, the global economy will hopefully turn around.International financial markets are stabilizing, and the overall trend toward increased economic globalization has not changed.Considerable changes and adjustments in the world economic structure will bring new development opportunities.At the same time, many destabilizing factors and uncertainties remain in our external environment.The foundation for global economic recovery remains weak;financial risks have not been completely eliminated;individual countries face difficult choices in phasing out their stimulus policies;larger fluctuations may occur in the prices of major commodities and exchange rates among the major currencies;trade protectionism is clearly reasserting itself;and global problems such as climate change, food security and energy and resource supplies remain complex.Domestically, our country is still in an important period of strategic opportunities.The foundation for economic turnaround is becoming stronger, market confidence has increased, the policy we adopted to boost domestic demand and improve people's wellbeing continues to show results, and enterprises are constantly becoming more competitive and better able to adapt to market changes.Nevertheless, there are still some serious problems affecting economic and social development.There is insufficient internal impetus driving economic growth;our independent innovation capability is not strong;there is still considerable excess production capacity in some industries and it is becoming more difficult to restructure them;while the pressure on employment is constantly growing overall, there is a structural shortage of labor;the foundation for keeping agricultural production and farmers' incomes growing steadily is weak;latent risks in the banking and public finance sectors are increasing;and major problems in the areas of healthcare, education, housing, income distribution and public administration urgently require solutions.We must make a comprehensive and correct judgment of the situation, and we must not interpret the economic turnaround as a fundamental improvement in the economic situation.We need to strengthen our awareness of potential dangers, make full use of favorable conditions and positive factors, strive to resolve problems, make even more thorough preparations to deal with risks and challenges of all kinds, and firmly keep the initiative in our work.To do a good job of our government work this year, we need to conscientiously implement the guiding principles of the Seventeenth National Party Congress and the third and fourth plenary sessions of the Seventeenth Central Committee;take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide;thoroughly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development;strive to apply macro-control appropriately and maintain steady and rapid economic development;work hard to accelerate economic restructuring and the transformation of the pattern of economic development;press ahead with reform and opening up and with independent innovation;strive to improve people's wellbeing and to promote social harmony and stability;make headway with our efforts to encourage socialist economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological development;pick up the pace of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects;and work hard to achieve sound, rapid economic and social development.This year the main targets we have set for economic and social development are: increasing GDP by approximately 8%, creating jobs for more than 9 million people entering the urban workforce, keeping the urban registered unemployment rate no higher than 4.6%, holding the rise in consumer prices to around 3%, and improving the balance of payments.Here I would like to stress that in targeting a GDP increase of around 8%, we are emphasizing sound development, and we need to guide all sectors to focus on transforming the pattern of economic development and restructuring the economy in their work.By targeting an increase in consumer prices of around 3%, we are giving full consideration to the carry-over effects of last year's price changes, the reverberations caused by price changes for major international commodities, the continued impact of increases in domestic supplies of money and credit, and consumers' ability to bear price increases, while also leaving room for reform in resource and environment taxes and fees and in the pricing of resource products.This year we will focus on the following eight areas.1.Exercising better macro-control and maintaining steady and rapid economic development

We need to continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We need to maintain continuity and stability in our policies while constantly making them better-targeted and more flexible as circumstances and conditions change, and keep a good grasp of the intensity, pace and focus of their implementation.We need to skillfully handle the relationship between maintaining steady and rapid economic development, restructuring the economy and managing inflation expectations.We not only need to maintain sufficient policy intensity and consolidate the momentum of the economic turnaround, but we also need to accelerate economic restructuring and make substantive progress in transforming the pattern of economic development.In addition, we need to manage inflation expectations well and keep the overall level of prices stable.We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy.First, we will keep the deficit and government bonds at appropriate levels.This year, we have projected a deficit of 1.05 trillion yuan, which consists of 850 billion yuan in central government deficit and 200 billion yuan in local government bonds, which will be included in local government budgets.These arrangements are based mainly on the consideration that this year revenue will fall significantly short of expenditures.Regarding revenue, last year's one-off measures to increase revenue will either not be repeated or will be decreased.We also need to continue to implement the policy of structural tax reductions;consequently, revenue will not increase very quickly.Regarding expenditures, we will continue to implement the package plan for dealing with the global financial crisis, and increase spending to complete work on projects now under construction, strengthen weak links, carry forward reform, improve people's wellbeing and maintain stability.Second, we will continue to implement the structural tax reduction policy to expand domestic demand and promote economic restructuring.Third, we will improve the structure of expenditures, maintain expenditures in some areas while reducing them in others, and spend our money where it counts the most.We will continue to give preference to agriculture, farmers, and rural areas, and to improving people's wellbeing and developing social programs.We will support energy conservation, environmental protection, independent innovation, and development in underdeveloped areas.We will strictly control regular expenditures, and do all we can to reduce public spending.Fourth, we will effectively improve government debt management, strengthen internal and external restraints, and effectively guard against and fend off latent public finance risks.In addition, we need to strengthen tax collection and supervision as well as supervision of non-tax revenue in accordance with the law, strictly crack down on tax fraud, and collect all due taxes.We will continue to implement a moderately easy monetary policy.First, we will ensure that there are proper and sufficient supplies of money and credit.This year's target for expanding the broad money supply(M2)is around 17%, and we will increase the total quantity of renminbi loans by approximately 7.5 trillion yuan.Although both of these increases are less than the actual increases last year, they are still moderately easy policy goals, and they can satisfy reasonable financial demands of economic and social development.In addition, these goals are beneficial for managing inflation expectations and making financial support for economic development more sustainable.Second, we will improve the credit structure.We will implement a credit policy that guarantees credit in some areas and limits it in others;increase support for important areas and weak links;effectively alleviate the difficulties farmers and small businesses have in obtaining financing;and strictly control loans to industries that are energy-intensive, highly polluting or saddled with overcapacity.We will strengthen post-loan supervision and ensure that loans are used to support the real economy.Third, we will actively expand direct financing.We will improve the system of multilevel capital markets, increase financing by selling equities and issuing bonds, and better satisfy the diverse demand for investment and financing.Fourth, we will strengthen risk management and make financial oversight and supervision more effective.We will explore ways to establish a system of prudent macro management, strengthen the monitoring of the cross-border flow of capital, and guard against all kinds of financial risks.We will continue to improve the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate and keep it basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will energetically expand consumer demand.We will continue to increase farmers' incomes, basic pensions of enterprise retirees, allowances to some entitled groups, subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents, and people's purchasing power, especially low-and middle-income earners.We will strengthen and expand traditional consumption, and promote the upgrading of the consumption structure by actively cultivating areas of high consumption, such as information, tourism, culture, fitness, training, services for the elderly and household services.We will increase consumer credit.We will strengthen infrastructure, such as the logistics system, and vigorously develop e-commerce.We will overhaul and standardize markets to create a convenient, safe and worry-free environment for consumers.We will continue to implement and improve all of our policies and measures for encouraging consumption.We will considerably raise the maximum price limits for home appliances sold in the countryside, increase types of appliances and models eligible for subsidies, expand the scope of subsidies, improve the criteria for qualifying for subsidies and the way subsidies are granted, strengthen supervision and evaluation of enterprises that win bids for contracts, and raise the quality of products and services.We will improve the policies for getting consumers to trade-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and getting rural residents to buy motor vehicles, and set the purchase tax for small-displacement automobiles at 7.5%.We must implement these policies and measures, do meaningful work and do it well, and make sure the benefits reach the people.We will strive to improve the investment structure.Government investment at all levels needs to be concentrated in the most important areas, and the launching of new projects must be strictly controlled.It should be used mainly for carrying on and completing projects, and we need to ensure that projects are not stopped midway.We will steadily move forward with the recovery and reconstruction of quake-hit areas, and make sure quality and quantity targets are met.We will encourage greater non-government investment, and improve and implement policies to achieve this goal.We will strengthen and improve the supervision of investment;strictly enforce market entry standards and industrial policies concerning land use, energy conservation, environmental protection, and safety;and effectively prevent redundant construction.For projects financed through the public treasury, relevant departments need to exercise oversight of the entire course of the project, and we must prevent the construction of image and vanity projects that waste manpower and money in the name of boosting domestic demand.We will adhere to scientific and democratic decision making, and ensure that public funds are spent on projects that promote economic and social development and improve people's lives and that will stand the test of practice and history 2.Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and adjusting and optimizing the economic structure We urgently need to transform the pattern of economic development.We will work hard to put economic development onto the track of endogenous growth driven by innovation.We will continue to promote restructuring and revitalization in key industries.First, we will intensify technological upgrading.We will effectively use funds for technological upgrading to guide enterprises in developing new products, saving energy and reducing resource consumption.Second, we will encourage mergers and reorganization of enterprises.We will break industry monopolies, remove regional blockades, support superior enterprises in acquiring ones in financial difficulties, and close down backward production facilities more quickly.Third, we will comprehensively raise product quality.We will guide enterprises to improve their quality management systems, focusing on brands, standards, service, and performance, and to enhance their sense of social responsibility.We will effectively strengthen the market oversight and credibility systems, and strive to raise the quality of China's products to a new level.We will foster emerging industries of strategic importance.The global financial crisis is hastening the birth of a new technological and industrial revolution.It is of decisive importance for the future of our country that we develop emerging industries of strategic importance and capture the economic, scientific and technological high ground;therefore, we must seize opportunities, identify priorities, and achieve results.We need to vigorously develop new energy sources, new materials, energy conservation, environmental protection, biomedicine, information networks, and high-end manufacturing industries.We will make substantive progress in developing motor vehicles powered by new energy sources and in integrating telecommunications networks, cable television networks, and the Internet, and accelerate R&D in and application of the Internet of Things.We will also increase investment in and policy support for emerging industries of strategic importance.We will further promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.First, we will set up a sound service system for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will promptly revise the criteria for classifying such enterprises, accelerate the development of a public service platform and an information service network for them and bases for small business startups, continue to reduce and streamline administrative examination and approval procedures, and resolutely sort out fees and eliminate unreasonable ones.Second, we will continue to implement the policy of fiscal support for small and medium-sized enterprises.The central government will allocate 10.6 billion yuan to support their development.A preferential income tax policy for small enterprises with low profits will be implemented.Small and medium-sized enterprises will be eligible to receive money from special funds for technological upgrading in the central budget, and local governments should also increase investment in technological upgrading.Third, we will provide better financial support for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will improve the credit assessment system for small enterprises, and encourage the establishment of a loan risk compensation fund for them.We will allow full tax deductions for loan loss reserves for loans to small and medium-sized enterprises.We will develop a multilevel system of credit guarantees for these enterprises, and implement the policy of exempting business tax for qualified credit guarantee agencies serving them and allow those agencies to exempt withdrawals from reserve funds and compensation for losses from taxation.We will expand channels for small and medium-sized enterprises to obtain financing in order to effectively solve their financing problems, especially those of small enterprises.We will accelerate the development of the service sector.We will further raise the development level of the service sector and its proportion of the national economy.We will vigorously develop production-oriented service industries, including finance, logistics, information, R&D, industrial design, commerce, energy conservation, and environmental protection services, and promote the intimate integration of service industries with modern manufacturing industries.We will also develop public utilities, real estate, and property management services, community services and other service industries closely related to people's wellbeing.We will accelerate the development of tourism and expand new types of services.In view of the weak foundation and great potential of the service sector in rural areas, we need to accelerate the establishment of a sound system of rural workplace and consumer services, mainly revolving around production, sales, scientific and technological information, and financial services.We will speed up the establishment of an open, fair, and standardized system for licensing service providers and encourage the participation of non-government capital.We will further improve policies for promoting development in the service sector, and gradually lower the electricity, water, gas, and heat rates for service industries encouraged by the state to the same levels charged to industrial enterprises.We will strive to conserve energy and reduce emissions.First, we will energetically promote energy conservation and raise the efficiency of energy consumption, especially in industry, transportation, and construction.We will make solid progress in the ten major energy conservation projects, the campaign to save energy in 1,000 enterprises, and the project to promote energy-efficient products that benefit the people, and make saving energy a good habit throughout society.We will increase our energy-saving capacity by an equivalent of 80 million tons of standard coal.We will rapidly develop and employ desulphurization equipment for every coal-fired power generating unit.Second, we will strengthen environmental protection.We will work to improve the environment in key watersheds and regions, treat urban sewage and garbage, deal with pollution from non-point agricultural sources, and comprehensively clean up heavy metal pollution.In urban areas, the daily sewage treatment capacity will increase by 15 million cubic meters and the daily garbage disposal capacity will grow by 60,000 tons.Third, we will energetically develop a circular economy and the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.For the circular economy, we will support R&D in technology, demonstrations and applications, and capacity building.We will save energy, water, land and materials.We will comprehensively utilize mineral resources, recycle industrial waste, use by-product heat and pressure to generate electricity, and transform household solid waste into resources.We will rationally develop, utilize, and protect marine resources.Fourth, we will actively respond to climate change.We will improve our ability to adapt to it and ameliorate its effects.We will work hard to develop low-carbon technologies;promote application of highly efficient, energy-conserving technologies;develop new and renewable energies;and intensify development of smart power grids.We will accelerate afforestation, increase forest carbon sinks and expand our forests by at least 5.923 million hectares.We need to energetically build an industrial system and consumption pattern with low carbon emissions.We will participate in international cooperation to address climate change and work for further progress in the global fight against climate change.We will promote balanced economic development between regions.We will continue to develop the western region on a large scale, comprehensively reinvigorate the old industrial bases in northeast China and elsewhere, energize the development of the central region, and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We will conscientiously implement all plans and policies for promoting regional economic and social development.We will accelerate growth of development priority zones.We will increase support for old revolutionary areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.We will focus on formulating and implementing policies for economic and social development in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Tibetan ethnic areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces.When implementing the overall strategy for regional development, we will emphasize exploiting different regions' comparative advantages and making well-targeted efforts to solve major problems arising in the course of development in each region.We will focus on reversing the growing gap in economic and social development between regions, balancing their development better, accelerating the improvement of the public finance system, and making access to basic public services more equal.3.Improving the balance between urban and rural development and strengthening the foundation for the development of agriculture and rural areas

After six consecutive years of increases in grain output and rural incomes, it is vital we sustain our good work in the areas of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.In accordance with the requirements for balancing urban and rural development, we need to make solving problems faced by agriculture, rural areas, and farmers a top priority in all our work;further strengthen our policies to aid agriculture and benefit farmers;coordinate industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural and rural modernization;and consolidate and build upon the good situation in agriculture and rural areas.We will promote the steady development of agriculture and a continuous increase in rural incomes.We will keep grain production stable;expand the total area sown with oilseed;increase supplies of important agricultural products in short supply;implement a large-scale effort to increase the production of grain, cotton, oilseed, and sugar;standardize farming practices in horticulture, animal husbandry, and aquaculture;and ensure the security of the “rice bag”(grain supply)and “vegetable basket”(non-staple food supply).We will continue to provide direct subsidies for grain producers, and increase general subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies and subsidies for purchasing superior crop varieties and agricultural machinery and tools.The central government will allocate 133.5 billion yuan for this purpose, a year-on-year increase of 6.04 billion yuan.We will further raise minimum grain purchase prices.The minimum prices of early indica rice, middle-season and late indica rice and japonica rice will be raised by 3 yuan, 5 yuan and 10 yuan per 50 kilograms respectively, and the minimum price of wheat will be raised by 3 yuan per 50 kilograms.We will continue to implement the policy of purchasing and temporarily stockpiling major agricultural products and give farmers more tangible benefits.We will increase fiscal support for major grain-producing, pork-producing, and cattle farming counties.We will vigorously develop the processing industry for agricultural products, promote industrialization in agriculture, support the upgrading and renovation of wholesale markets and markets for farm produce, and promote closer linkage between production and the market.We will help rural residents find jobs or start their own businesses, and increase rural incomes through a variety of channels.We will intensify poverty alleviation and development and work tirelessly to eradicate poverty and backwardness so that rural residents can soon live a prosperous and happy life.We will strengthen agricultural infrastructure.We will continue to give high priority in government spending to supporting agricultural and rural development.In the budget, our priority for fixed asset investment will be agricultural infrastructure and projects that improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and our priority for use of proceeds from the transfer of land-use rights will be developing agricultural land and building rural infrastructure.The central government plans to allocate 818.3 billion yuan for agriculture, farmers, and rural areas, an increase of 93 billion yuan over last year, and local governments at all levels will also increase their investment.We will comprehensively implement the plan to increase grain production by 50 billion kilograms nationwide, with the emphasis on major grain-producing regions.Focusing on water conservancy, we will improve agricultural infrastructure, accelerate related upgrades of large and medium-sized irrigated areas, expand the area in which water-conserving irrigation methods are used, create high-grade cropland, and finish reinforcing dilapidated large, medium-sized, and key small reservoirs.With the focus on breeding improved crop varieties, we will accelerate innovation in agricultural technology and the widespread adoption of scientific and technological advances, and carry out a major science and technology project to create new crop varieties using gene transfer technology.We will move forward with the construction of modern agriculture demonstration sites.We will accelerate the development of public services for extending agricultural technology, preventing and controlling animal and plant diseases, and providing quality oversight of agricultural products in townships, towns and regions.We will deepen rural reform.We will uphold the basic rural operation system;quickly improve relevant laws, regulations and policies;and maintain existing land contract relationships over the long term.We will strengthen supervision of and services for the transfer of contracted land-use rights, and develop diverse large-scale farming operations on the basis of legal, voluntary, and compensated transfers of land-use rights.We will continue to carry out comprehensive rural reform, improve supporting policies for the reform of tenure in collective forests, and launch the reform of state tree farms.We will continue to reform the basic system for the use of grasslands, develop specialized farmer cooperatives, improve the organization of agriculture, more quickly develop small rural financial institutions, actively promote micro-credit loans in rural areas, and improve rural financial services.We will also deepen reforms in township and town government departments.We will balance promoting urbanization and building a new countryside.We will keep to the path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics.We will promote balanced development between towns and large, small and medium-sized cities;increase the overall carrying capacity of cities and towns;ensure that cities stimulate the development of surrounding rural areas;and promote positive interaction between urbanization and the building of a new countryside.We will strengthen county economies, improve infrastructure and environmental protection in county towns and hub towns, guide an orderly flow of nonagricultural industries and rural people to small towns, and encourage returned rural migrant workers to start businesses in their hometowns.When developing urban and rural areas, we must adhere to the strictest possible systems for protecting arable land and economizing land use to genuinely safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.We will carry out reform of the household registration system and relax requirements for household registration in towns and small and medium-sized cities.We will solve employment and living problems rural migrant workers face in cities and towns in a planned and step-by-step manner, and gradually ensure that they receive the same treatment as urban residents in areas such as pay, children's education, healthcare, housing, and social security.We will further increase spending on the development of rural work and living facilities, begin a new round of upgrades of rural power grids, expand the construction of rural methane facilities, provide safe drinking water to another 60 million rural people, carry out the project to build a clean countryside, and improve working and living conditions there.We will allow eligible workers who have left agricultural work to gradually become urban residents, and develop a beautiful rural environment where farmers can live a happy life.4.Fully implementing the strategies of reinvigorating China through science and education and strengthening the nation through human resource development

Education, science, and human resources are the cornerstones of national prosperity and rejuvenation, and are also at the core of overall national strength.We will give high priority to the development of education.For a country to become strong, it must first strengthen education.First-class education is a prerequisite for cultivating high-caliber personnel and building a great country.We will promptly begin to implement the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Program for Education Reform and Development.We will focus on the following five areas.First, we will advance education reform.We need to emancipate our minds, boldly make breakthroughs and innovations, encourage experimentation, and carry out a systematic reform of the system for operating schools, curricula, teaching methods, and evaluation systems.We will continue to give top priority to cultivating the integrity of students and vigorously promote well-rounded education.We will explore systems of school management and ways of providing education that are suitable for different types of education and the development of people with different skills, so that we run schools better and turn out better graduates.We will encourage nongovernmental sectors to run schools in order to meet people's diverse demands for education.Second, we will promote the balanced development of compulsory education.On the basis of a rational allocation of resources, we will accelerate the renovation of junior secondary school buildings in the central and western regions.We will also accelerate implementation of the nationwide program for safe primary and secondary school buildings, and ensure that buildings, equipment and teaching staff in all schools reach established standards as soon as possible.We will provide multimedia distance learning facilities for rural primary and secondary schools so that children living in the vast rural and remote areas have access to quality education resources.We will improve preschool education and develop special education schools.We will increase educational support for ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas.Third, we will continue to strengthen vocational education.With the goal of helping students find jobs, we will integrate education resources, improve teaching methods, and focus on nurturing students' employability and entrepreneurial abilities.Fourth, we will reform the management and admissions systems of institutions of higher learning.We will give them more decision-making power, encourage them to adjust their majors and curricula to meet employment needs and the needs of economic and social development;more intimately integrate personnel training, scientific and technological innovation, and academic development;inspire their teachers to concentrate on education;and become high-level universities with their own distinctive features.We will develop a number of first-class universities that produce outstanding personnel.The central government will increase support for the development of higher education in the central and western regions.Fifth, we will improve the ranks of our teachers.We will take a variety of measures to attract outstanding personnel to pursue careers in education and devote their lives to it.We will focus on strengthening training for teachers and principals of rural compulsory education schools, and encourage excellent teachers to teach in impoverished rural areas.We will intensify education to improve the professional ethics of our teachers, and enhance their sense of responsibility and mission.Hundreds of millions of families place their hopes for a better life on education, and education has a direct bearing on the quality of the nation and the future of the country.A country cannot become strong and prosperous if it does not make education universal and improve its quality.We must always keep this in mind.We will vigorously develop science and technology.We need to earnestly implement the policy of independent innovation, and comprehensively build an innovative country.We need to accelerate the implementation of our major science and technology programs.We need to concentrate on making breakthroughs in key scientific and technological problems that can drive the technological revolution forward and promote industrial invigoration, in major scientific and technological problems related to public welfare that can improve people's health and the quality of their lives, and in problems in strategic, high-tech fields that can enhance our country's international competitiveness and safeguard our national security.We will make farsighted arrangements for basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies in the fields of biology, nanoscience, quantum control, information networks, climate change, aerospace and oceanography.We will deepen the reform of the system for managing science and technology;strive to bridge the gap between science and technology and the economy;promote the development of a system of technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market provides orientation, and the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes are integrated;and promote optimal allocation, open sharing, and highly efficient use of scientific and technological resources.We will vigorously implement the strategy for intellectual property rights and strengthen the creation, application and protection of them.We will further arouse the creativity of scientists, engineers and all of society.We will accelerate the development of human resources.Talented personnel are the primary resources.We need to develop all types of human resources in a coordinated and all-round way, with the focus on producing innovative scientists and engineers, and experts and professionals in key areas of economic and social development, and energetically attract high-caliber personnel from overseas.We will set up a mechanism for diversifying funding for personnel training, so that the government, nongovernmental bodies, employers and employees all do their part.We will make full use of the basic role of market forces in allocating human resources, strive to create an institutional environment conducive to bringing forth talented people in large numbers and tapping their full potential, and make our country rich in human resources.