第一篇：啼笑皆非的中国片英文翻译
啼笑皆非的中国片英文翻译
《Farewell my concubine》--再见了，我的小老婆（这可是《霸王别姬》的英文译名啊。）
《Seventeen years》--十七年（故弄玄虚，《回家过年》）
《ashes of time》--时间的灰烬（《东邪西毒》，这个译名意味深长，无论你是东邪还是西毒，武功再高还不是最后都成了时间的灰烬？）
《all men are brothers: blood of the leopard》--四海之内皆兄弟：豹子的血（《水浒传》，《水浒传》有个英文译名就是《四海之内皆兄弟》）
《Chinese odyssey 1: Pandora's box》--中国的奥德赛1：潘多拉宝盒（《大话西游之月光宝盒》）
《Chinese odyssey 2: Cinderella》--灰姑娘（《大话西游之仙履奇缘》）
《dream factory》--梦工厂（《甲方乙方》，够牛的）
《steel meets fire》--钢遇上了火（《烈火金刚》）
《third sister Liu》--第三个姐姐刘（《刘三姐》）
《in the mood for love》--在爱的情绪中（《花样年华》）
《woman-demon-human》--女人-恶魔-人类（《人鬼情》）
《from Beijing with love》--从北京带着爱（到香港换不了菜，《国产007》）
《flirting scholar》--正在调情的学者（别人看《红楼梦》看到诗，你看到了……？《唐伯虎点秋香》）
《royal tramp》--皇家流浪汉（《鹿鼎记》）
《flowers of shanghai》--上海之花（pg18？《海上花》）
《a better tomorrow》--明天会更好（“ 玉山白雪飘零，燃烧少年的心...”，《英雄本色》）
《saviour of the soul》--灵魂的救星（《九一神雕侠侣》）
《Romance of Three Kingdoms》--三个王国的罗曼史（居然是《三国演义》）
第二篇：《啼笑皆非》读后感
今天，我看了一本书叫做《啼笑皆非》。
伯斯特自幼喜爱画画，一生作品甚多。哈罗德。塔克韦。伯斯特七岁起开始作画，十多岁就有作品问世，仅仅说过二十余天的美术教育的他却以《胆小鬼》连环画一举闻名。哈罗德。塔克韦。伯斯特的作品中，最著名的当属家喻户晓的《胆小鬼》和《布朗赛马会上的男人》以及《钓鱼的苦境》和《流浪者生涯》等。这些作品曾在美国125家报纸上同时记载。
《啼笑皆非》中，我觉得《想入非非的梦》挺好看的。里面写了：一只狗趴在沙发上，它的主人说：“麦克，快过来！来呀？过来吃你的小狗饼干和鱼肝油！可是，这只狗这是正想着，自己正在吃着鲜美多汁的牛肉和牛肉饼呢！这幅漫画表示图中的小狗麦克对牛肉的渴望，可是，老是达不到目标。
我觉得，这本书非常好看，值得一看！
第三篇：啼笑皆非成语常见近义词
他不得不讲的最重要的部分讲得结结巴巴，这把我们搞得啼笑皆非。关于成语啼笑皆非的那些可以摘抄的呢?这里给大家分享一些关于成语啼笑皆非的意思，供大家参考。
一、啼笑皆非含义
啼：哭;皆非：都不是。哭也不是，笑也不是，不知如何才好。形容处境尴尬或既令人难受又令人发笑的行为。沙汀《烦恼》：“刘久发啼笑皆非地站起来了。”
二、啼笑皆非近义词
狼狈不堪 [ lángbèi bù kān ]
狼狈：窘迫的样子。困顿、窘迫得不能忍受。形容非常窘迫的样子。
三、啼笑皆非造句
1.他明明戴着眼镜,却满屋子到处找他的眼镜,真是令人啼笑皆非。
2.几个顽皮学生故意恶作剧，弄得新来的马老师啼笑皆非。
3.张爷爷是个怪老头,说话、做事都很怪,经常弄得人们啼笑皆非。
4.张丽丽把请人答好的题目来回地背,有时错得令人啼笑皆非,这样食而不化地复习是功课,怎么去应考?
5.妈妈常把影歌星的名字张冠李戴，弄得我们啼笑皆非。
6.他干的事令人啼笑皆非。
7.令人啼笑皆非的是，在很多官员的脑海里，国家统治主义者花言巧语就是不应该给予政府太多指望。
8.报纸以讹传讹，报导了某位影星自杀的消息，让该影星啼笑皆非。
9.学车的过程中,老白遇到了各色奇怪人士,发生了许多啼笑皆非的事件。
10.但是他人小鬼大,常常发些惊人之语,令人啼笑皆非,要骂他,没有他的伶牙俐嘴,要打嘛,又于心不忍。
11.一个青春的与爱与悲伤有染的故事,却在啼笑皆非中演绎着。
12.几段忍俊不禁，悲喜交加的当代爱情故事，定会让你啼笑皆非。
13.凌霄一愣,随即脸上闪过一丝啼笑皆非之色,嘴角更是有些抽搐起来,半响之后方才大吼道:“我干!”。
14.妙彤这更是啼笑皆非了,看来自己遇到的不单单是一头蠢驴,还有一个蠢人。
15.问明缘由之后,总也会惹得爹爹啼笑皆非。
16.天杀的超斗笔一生是一部啼笑皆非的喜剧,可他本人却建立在悲剧之上,闹出一幕幕喜剧。
17.啼笑皆非的事迹,令人无语的警察。
18.曾经幽蓝部落的乌首一脸啼笑皆非的对身边的蓝辛长老说道。
19.扑朔迷离的身世,啼笑皆非的对白,亦真亦幻的假面,刀光剑影的武打,花前月下的爱情尽收眼底。
20.在初恋的故事中,有着纯真唯美的情感,有着啼笑皆非的故事,还有着一生难忘的记忆。
21.一大堆令人啼笑皆非的问题让阿莫跟大丙大眼瞪小眼——这些玩家们的想像力实在太过丰富了,连钻狗洞这种招数都想得出来。
22.童年是难忘、纯真的岁月。每每听着这首歌谣熟悉的旋律，我都会情不自禁的想起自己的童年。每个人都有属于自己的美好童年，而童年里包含着我们的换了、伤心、苦恼……我的童年就有许多令人啼笑皆非的趣事，那些趣事就像夜晚的繁星一样闪着亮光。
23.他的文章思想混乱，文字不通，竟还在大庭广众中大谈他的创作经验，真令人啼笑皆非。
24.为求看到一线曙光，焦急的冰冰游走大街小巷，寻遍各种隐世医术，但结果令她啼笑皆非。
25.两人一起经历了那些艰难的岁月,演绎了一系列动人肺腑,却又啼笑皆非的故事。
26.阎崇年却喜欢下一些似是而非、大而化之的结论,常常让史学界感到啼笑皆非。
27.为了能减缓毒性,两个互相敌视的人不得不每夜相拥而眠,上演了无数啼笑皆非的闹剧。
28.龙银国的惠妃娘娘穿越到21世纪的某娇蛮霸道的总裁夫人身上,会发生什么样的啼笑皆非的事呢?娘娘:“恭迎皇上,皇上万岁万岁万万岁!”。
29.80后的老Y经过艰苦卓绝、匪夷所思、贪早起黑的努力,终于获得了自己梦寐以求的新闻工作者职位,从此开始了令人感动、气愤、无奈、啼笑皆非的历险经历。
30.苏落烦躁地走来走去,它摇摇晃晃地小腿,跟在苏落后面歪歪斜斜地跟来跟去,那场面若是让外人看到,是何等啼笑皆非。
第四篇：英文翻译
Introduction: with the rapid development of the economy, China ‘smprehensive national power has been improved effectively.As a saying said;“Want to become rich first road”.So China has begun to build the high-speed rail since years ago.The building of the high~speed rail is suited to China's national conditions and help our country to run well in the strong competition of the world.大多数经济学家认为：交通基础设施的供应水平和能力必须适度超前，否则就会影响社会经济持续、稳定 和健康发展。这就意味着要加大对交通基础设施的投资，但是政府在加大交通基础设施投资力度的同时，用于改善民生的措施实际却在相对地减少。从中国目前的经济发展和人民的收入状况来说，我认为中国高 铁弊大于利.Most economists believe that: the supply and capability of transportation infrastructure must advance appropriately, otherwise it will affect the sustainable, stable and healthy development of social economy.This means that we have to increase the investment into transportation infrastructure,But while government increase the investment into transportation infrastructure, it will to some extent decrease the practical measures to improve people's livelihood.From China's current situation, I think it will do more harm than good to build high-speed railway in China.Piont1: Building too fast go against the laws of economic development, causing many problems, such as loan repayment, staff placement.And high-speed railway construction needs large investment, from the use of the actual situation, the possibility of short-term cost recovery do not, there is also the problem of capital wasting.建设速度过快，容易违背经济发展规律,同时面对的问题较多，例如贷款偿还，员工安置等。中国第一条高 铁客运专线——从北京到天津，它在 2008 年 8 月通车后一年就亏损了 7 个亿。武广高铁总投资约 1166 亿元，目前的线路至少能开 120 对车，但实际上只开了 33 对，而且还坐不满，这是资本的严重浪费。所 以说高铁建设不仅需要大笔的投资，而且从运用的实际的情况来看，短期收回成本的可能性根本就没有。The fast building speed will violate the rule of economic development, and at same time it faced many problems, such as loan repayment, staff placement.First high-speed railway of China-from Beijing to Tianjin, it was launched in August 2008, after one year it lossed 70 millions.The total investment of
Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed rail was about 110 billions yuan, now it is able to drive at least 120 pairs of cars, but in fact only 33 to drive, and lots of seats are empty, this is a serious waste of capital.The high-speed railway not only requires large construction investment, but also, it is impossible to recovery the short-term cost based on its actural implement.Poiimnt2: The building of the high spee
d rail can drive the development of the industry related.for example, the building need many workers and the new technology, so it expand the employment and promiot the technological innovation.In another word through the building, more steel products are needed.Another important hand is transport during the Spring Festival.During this period of time, large numbers of people going home together.So the high speed rail can relieve the transportation pressure ectively 高铁的票价较高，例如京津高铁，它行驶 30 分钟，却要 69 元票价，让人望而生叹啊。中国的 GDP 总量 高居世界第二，但人均 GDP 在世界的排名却还在百名开外，穷人还是绝大多数。武广高铁开通后，原有 的一些客运列车停运，意味着中低收入者将被迫选择高铁，接受高票价。这种行为伤及了底层人民的最根 本利 e 而且建设过程中容易出现贪污腐败问题。The fare of high Speed Rail is higher, for example, the Beijing-Tianjin high-speed rail, it costs 69 yuan for only drive 30minuts.China's GDP ranks the second in the world, but per capita GDP still ranks out of hundreds in the world, the poor is the majority.When Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway was used, the original passenger trains were stopped, which means low-incomer will be forced to choose high-speed rail and accept the high fares.This action has
impair interests of the low class people, and the corruption problem will be prone to easily during the process of building.新建高铁实际是在现有几种交通方式的基础上新增一种交通方式。建成之后会与高速公路、现有铁路、飞 机、船运形成竞争关系，在原有运力并不紧张的背景下必然形成运力过剩。新建的高铁主要是客运专线，因此高铁并不会加快货物与资金的周转速度，不会降低全社会运行成本。要修建如此庞大的高速铁路网，必将消耗大量的资金，必将挤占人们收入上涨的空间与企业利润空间（加重税负）如果将此财政投入医疗、。社保、教育、技术研究，则会消除人们存钱的预防养老动机从而扩大消费，利于中国经济可持续发展。综 上所述，在中国大规模修建高铁对中国经济的长远发展来讲是弊大于利，不利于扩大内需、不利于产业结 构调整 结论：The high-speed railway will compete with the existing highway, railway, aircraft, shipping after it consummation which will lead to a situation capacity.The new high-speed railway is mainly to carry passenger, so it will not speed up the turnover rate between cargos and the capital and will not decrease the costs of the whole social transportation.To build such a large network of high-speed rail will need a large amount of money, the government must increase the taxes of people and enterprise to raise the capital.If this financial investment used in health care, social security, education, tec
第五篇：英文翻译
Overview of the Global System for Mobile Communications 1 History of GSM During the early 1980s, analog cellular telephone systems were experiencing rapid growth in Europe, particularly in Scandinavia and the United Kingdom, but also in France and Germany.Each country developed its own system, which was incompatible with everyone else’s in equipment and operation.This was an
undesirable situation, because not only was the mobile equipment limited to operation within national boundaries, which in a unified Europe were increasingly unimportant, but there was also a very limited market for each type of equipment, so economies of scale and the subsequent savings could not be realized.The Europeans realized this early on, and in 1982 the Conference of European s Posts and Telegraphs(CEPT)formed a study group called the Group Special Mobile(GSM)to study and develop a pan-European public land mobile system.The proposed system has to meet certain criteria: ·Good subjective speech quality ·Low terminal and service cost ·Support for international roaming ·Ability to support handheld terminals ·Support for range of new services and facilities ·Spectral efficiency ·ISDN compatibility In 1989, GSM responsibility was transferred to the European Telecommunication Standards Institute(ETSI), and phase I of the GSM specifications were published in 1990.Commercial service was started in mid-1991, and by 1993 there were 36 GSM networks in 22 countries.Although standardized in Europe, GSM is not only a European standard.Over 200 GSM networks are operational in 110 countries around the world.In the beginning of 1994, there were 1.3 million subscribers worldwide, which had grown to more than 55 million by October 1997.With North America making a delayed entry into the GSM field with a derivative of GSM called PCS1900, GSM systems exist on every continent, and the acronym GSM now aptly stands for Global System for Mobile communications.The developers of GSM chose an unproven(at the time)digital system, as opposed to the then-standard analog cellular systems like AMPS in the United States and TACS in the United Kingdom.They had faith that advancements in compression algorithms and digital signal processors would allow the fulfillment of the original criteria and the continual improvement of the system in terms of quality and cost.The over 8,000 pages of GSM recommendations try to allow flexibility and competitive innovation among suppliers, but provide enough standardization to guarantee proper interworking between the components of the system.This done by providing functional and interface descriptions for each of the functional entities defined in the system.2 General Concepts 2.1 Analog Versus Digital Telephony Systems First-generation systems were analog.During the early 1980s these underwent rapid development in Europe.Although the NMT system was used by all the Nordic countries, and the TACS system in the United Kingdom and Italy, there was a variety of systems and no compatibility among them.Compared with these systems, the main advantages offered by GSM, which is the most important of the second-generation digital systems, are: ·Standardization;·Capacity;·Quality;·Security.Standardization guarantees compatibility among systems of different countries, allowing subscribers to use their own terminals in those countries that have adopted the digital standard.The lack of standardization in the first-generation system limited service to within the borders of a country.Mobility is improved, since roaming is no longer limited to areas covered by a certain system.Calls can be charged and handled using the same personal number even when the subscriber moves from one country to another.Standardization also allows the operator to buy entities of the network from different vendors, since the functional elements of the network and the interfaces between these elements are standardized.This means that a mobile phone from any manufacturer is able to communicate with any network, even if this network is built with entities from different vendors.This leads to a large economy of scale and results in cost reduction for both the operator and the subscriber.Furthermore, the phone cost is also reduced, because GSM is an international standard, produced quantities are greater and the level of competition is high.With respect to capacity, the use of the radio resource is much more efficient in a digital system such as GSM than in an analog system.This means that more users can be allocated in the same frequency bandwidth.This is possible with the use of advanced digital techniques, such as voice compression algorithms, channel coding, and multiple access techniques.Note that capacity gains are also achieved with radio frequency reuse, which had also used in analog systems.Frequency reuse means that a given carrier can be employed in different areas.The quality in digital transmission systems is better, thanks to the channel coding schemes that increase the robustness in the face of noise and disturbances such as interference caused by other users or other systems.The quality improvement is also due to the improved control of the radio link, and adaptations to propagation conditions, with advanced techniques such as power control or frequency hopping.This will be explained in greater detail in the next section.In terms of security, powerful authentication and encryption techniques for voice and data communications are enabled with GSM, which guarantees protected access to the network, and confidentiality.2.2 Cellular Telephony In mobile radio systems, one of the most important factors is the frequency spectrum.In order to make the best use of the bandwidth, the system is designed by means of the division of the service area into neighboring zones, or cells, which in theory have a hexagonal shape.Each cell has a Base Transceiver Station(BTS), which to avoid interference operates on a set of radio channels different from those of the adjacent cells.This division allows for the use of the same frequencies in nonadjacent cells.A group of cells that as a whole use the entire radio spectrum available to the operator is referred to as a cluster.The shape of a cell is irregular, depending on the availability of a spot for the BTS, the geography of the terrain, the propagation of the radio signal in the presence of obstacles, and so on.In dense urban areas, for instance, where the mobile telephony traffic is important, the diameter of the cells is often reduced in order to increase capacity.This is allowed since the same frequency channels are used in a smaller area.On the other hand, reducing the cell diameter leads to a decrease in the distance necessary to reuse the frequencies(that is, the distance between two co-channel cells), increasing co-channel interference.In order to minimize the level of interference, several techniques are used on the radio interface.A basic example of cluster organization is shown in Figure 1.In this example, we see a reuse attern for seven different frequencies, f1 to f7.These frequencies correspond to the beacon carrier of each cell, on which signaling information about the cell is broadcast(see Section 2.7).It can be seen from this figure that a given carrier can be reused in two separate geographical areas, as long as these areas are far enough from each other to reduce the effect of interference.With this technique of dividing the area in cells and clusters, the operator can increase the area it is able to cover with a limited frequency bandwidth.Figure 1 Example of a Cell Planning
在80 年代初期期间，模式手机系统在欧洲体验迅速增长，特别在斯堪的那
维亚和英国，以及法国和德国。每个国家开发了它自己的系统，在设备和操作 上是互不相容的。这是一个不受欢迎的情况，因为不仅移动通信设备被限制在国 界之内，这在统一的欧洲是越来越不重要的，而且每种类型的设备都只有一个非 常有限的市场，因此经济尺度及随后的储蓄不可能体会。
欧洲人早就意识到了这点，并且在1982 年欧洲邮电管理联合会(CEPT)上形 成了移动通信特别研究组(GSM)来研发一个能在全欧洲大陆通用的移动通信系 统。提出的系统必须符合以下标准： 〃通话质量好
〃终端及服务费用低 〃支持国际漫游
〃能够支持可随身携带的终端 〃支持一系列新的服务和设备 〃效率高
〃与ISDN 兼容
1989 年，GSM 的责任转移了到欧洲电信标准学院(ETSI)，并且GSM 规格的
第一阶段也在1990 年出版了。商业服务在1991 年中期开始了，截至1993 年有 36 个GSM 网络在22 个国家诞生了。GSM 不仅仅是欧洲标准，尽管它是在欧洲 规范化的。现已有200 多个GSM 网络在全球110 个国家和地区运行。1994 年初 期全球有1,300,000 用户，截至1997 年10 月已突破55,000,000 用户。随着美国
后来在GSM 领域制造了一个词条PCS1900 作为GSM 的拓展,GSM 系统已发展至 各大洲,并且缩写词GSM 现在已可以代表移动通信的全局系统。
GSM 开发商选择了一个当时未经证明的数字系统，与后来的标准模式蜂窝系 统相对，就象美国叫AMPS，而英国叫TACS 一样。他们坚信能够推进压缩算法 和数字信号处理器使其能够根据质量和费用将原始标准和系统连续改善。GSM 推荐8,000 页设法使得在与供应商竞争之中体现灵活性和创新，但提供 足够的标准来保证在系统的组分之间适当配合工作。完成提供功能和接口描述的 功能个体在系统中都有定义。
第一代系统是模拟的。上个世纪80 年代初期在欧洲迅速发展。虽然所有北 欧国家使用TACS 系统，英国和意大利使用NMT 系统，它们之间还有各式各样 的系统不兼容。和这些系统相比，GSM 提供的更重要的第二代数字系统主要优势 体现在： 〃标准化； 〃容量； 〃质量； 〃安全。
标准化保证了不同国家系统之间的兼容性，允许采取了数字化标准的国家的 订户使用他们自己的终端。在第一代系统中缺乏标准化的有限服务为在国家的边 界之内。流动性被改进，漫游不再被限制到某一系统包括的面积之内。既使当用 户从一个国家移动到另一个国家，电话也可以使用同一个个人号码。因为网络的功能元件和这些元素之间的接口被规范化，操作员可以从不同的 供营商购买。这意味着所有制造商的移动电话能与任何网络沟通，即使这个网络 是由不同的供营商的功能元件建立的。这为操作员和订户带来费用成本的降低。此外，电话费用也降低了，因为GSM 是国际标准，生产数量大，竞争水平高。能力方面，数字系统如GSM 比模拟系统使用的无线资源更有效。这意味着 更多的用户可以使用同一频带。这就有可能利用先进的数字技术，如语音压缩算 法，信道编码和多址接入技术。请注意，无线电频率复用也取得了一定增益，这 也已用于模拟系统。频率复用意味着同一载波可以在不同的地区重复使用。由于这种信道编码方案，提高了可靠性及对噪音和其他用户或系统的干扰能 力，数字传输系统的质量更好了。质量改进的原因还在于改善了对无线连接的控 制，并适应传播条件下，使用先进的技术，如电源控制或跳频。质量改进的原因 还在于使用先进的技术如电源控制或跳频改善了无线连接的控制,，传播条件的适
应性等。这些将在下文中做更详尽的解释。
在安全方面，GSM 具有语音和数据通信的强大的认证和加密技术的功能，保 证了保护接入网络和保密性。
在移动通信系统中，一个最重要的因素就是频谱。为了最有效地利用带宽，系统设计的目的是通过基站的服务区到周边小区，理论上是一个正六边形。每个 小区有一个收发基站（BTS），其中，以避免相邻小区的不同无线信道在运行时 产生相互干扰。这样可以在不相邻的小区使用同一载频。一组小区，作为一个整 体，给运营商提供整个无线电频谱是指一个区群。小区的形状是不规则的，这取 决于是否有现成的基站，地理地形，无线电信号传播中存在的障碍，等等。例如，在人口密集的城市地区，移动电话的通行非常重要，小区的直径往往 会减小，以提高其通行能力。
这是允许的，因为同一频道只在一个较小的地区内使用。另一方面，小区直 径的减小导致使用同一频率的小区间的距离（即两个公共通道小区间的距离）缩 小了，增强了各频道之间的相互干扰。为了尽量提高抗干扰的能力，无线接口使 用了一系列技术。
一个基本的区群组织的结构如图1 所示。在这个例子中，我们看到了一个复 用模式的7 个不同的频率，f1 至f7。这些频率对应于每个小区的信标载波，整个
小区的信号信息就靠它们被传播出去（见第2.7 节）。从图中可以看出，某一载 波可在两个不同的地理区域重复使用，只要这两个地区离的足够远，相互之间的 干扰足够小。这一技术把地区分成小区和区群，经营者可以利用有限的带宽增加 覆盖区域的面积。
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