第一篇:新加坡总理吴作栋理国庆群众大会演讲
新加坡总理吴作栋理国庆群众大会演讲
名人演讲稿
WhentheSingaporeteamsuccefullyclimbedMountEverest(中国称珠穆朗玛峰))in1998,Icheered.IoketoKhooSweeChiowandhisteam-mateslater.Theytoldmethattheyclimbedupinstages,fromBaseCamp(探险队等的营地)toCam1,2,3and4,beforetheymadetheiraaultforthesummit.Theclimbbecamemoredifficultanddangerousthehighertheywent.Theairbecamethierandtheslopesteeper.Youhadtobedisciplined,determined,andwellprepared.Andyouhadtohaveluckonyourside.Therecouldbeavalanchesandrockfails,ortheweathercouldchangesuddenly.SweeChiowtoldmethatthemostimportantqualityneededtoclimbMountEverestwasmentalstrength.TheclimbupMountEverestprovidesavividimageforSingapore'sownclimbupthemountainofeconomicdevelopment.SeniorMinisterbroughtSingaporeuptoCamp2--fromlabourinteivetoelectronicsandhighervalue-addedindustries.Inthelast10years,wehaveclimbedhighertoCamp3,withwaferfa(waferfabrication的口语表达,晶体管加工),chemicals,andfinancialservices.Now,wearemakingourwaytoCamp4,todoIT,lifesciences,andotherknowledge-basedactivities.IfwemakeittoCamp4,wecanthentrytoscalethesummitwherecountriesliketheUS,JapanandSwitzerlandare.Butletmewarnyou.AsintheMountEverestclimb,thegoingwillgettougherfromhere.Aswegohigherupthemountainofeconomicdevelopment,progrewillbeslower.Wewillnotseethesamehighgrowthratesasinthepast.Wewillhavetoworksmarterandacquiremoresophisticatedcapabilitiestoovercomecomplexchallenges.Wewillbetemptedtorelax.Indeed,someSingaporeahaveasked:“DoweneedtobeNumberOneineverything?”Wewillneedgreatmentalstrengthtocontinuepushingourselvestoexcel.Ifwedonotdoso,othersnowbehinduswillpushusoffthetrack.Tonight,Iwanttofocusonthisnextstageofoureconomicclimb.THECURRENTDOWNTURN
Butfirst,letmetouchonthecurrenteconomicdownturn.WhenImetthemediaearlierthisweek,theytoldmethatSingaporeawouldexpectmetoeakindetailontheslowdown,andoffersolutio.IexplainedwhyIdidnotintendtodoso.Wehavealreadydiscuedonmanyoccasioourshort-termproblems.Iwanttodealwiththelong-termchallenges.Ofgreaterconcerntomearet
第二篇:新加坡总理吴作栋理国庆群众大会演讲
新加坡总理吴作栋理国庆群众大会演讲
名人演讲稿
WhentheSingaporeteamsuccefullyclimbedMountEverest(中国称珠穆朗玛峰))in1998,Icheered.IoketoKhooSweeChiowandhisteam-mateslater.
Theytoldmethattheyclimbedupinstages,fromBaseCamp(探
险队等的营地)toCam1,2,3and4,beforetheymadetheiraaultforthesummit.Theclimbbecamemoredifficultanddangerousthehighertheywent.Theairbecamethierandtheslopesteeper.Youhadtobedisciplined,determined,andwellprepared.Andyouhadtohaveluckonyourside.Therecouldbeavalanchesandrockfails,ortheweathercouldchangesuddenly.SweeChiowtoldmethatthemostimportantqualityneededtoclimbMountEverestwasmentalstrength.
TheclimbupMountEverestprovidesavividimageforSingapore'sownclimbupthemountainofeconomicdevelopment.
SeniorMinisterbroughtSingaporeuptoCamp2--fromlabourinteivetoelectronicsandhighervalue-addedindustries.Inthelast10years,wehaveclimbedhighertoCamp3,withwaferfa(waferfabrication的口语表达,晶体管加工),chemicals,andfinancialservices.Now,wearemakingourwaytoCamp4,todoIT,lifesciences,andotherknowledge-basedactivities.IfwemakeittoCamp4,wecanthentrytoscalethesummitwherecountriesliketheUS,JapanandSwitzerlandare.
Butletmewarnyou.AsintheMountEverestclimb,thegoingwillgettougherfromhere.Aswegohigherupthemountainofeconomicdevelopment,progrewillbeslower.Wewillnotseethesamehighgrowthratesasinthepast.Wewillhavetoworksmarterandacquiremoresophisticatedcapabilitiestoovercomecomplexchallenges.Wewillbetemptedtorelax.Indeed,someSingaporeahaveasked:“DoweneedtobeNumberOneineverything?”Wewillneedgreatmentalstrengthtocontinuepushingourselvestoexcel.Ifwedonotdoso,othersnowbehinduswillpushusoffthetrack.
Tonight,Iwanttofocusonthisnextstageofoureconomicclimb.
THECURRENTDOWNTURN
Butfirst,letmetouchonthecurrenteconomicdownturn.
WhenImetthemediaearlierthisweek,theytoldmethatSingaporeawouldexpectmetoeakindetailontheslowdown,andoffersolutio.
IexplainedwhyIdidnotintendtodoso.Wehavealreadydiscuedonmanyoccasioourshort-termproblems.Iwanttodealwiththelong-termchallenges.Ofgreaterconcerntomearethefundamentalshiftsintheglobaleconomicenvironment,andthefactthatmanyofthejowhicharelostduringthisslowdown,mightneverreturnafterrecovery.Weneedanewstrategytoreondtothesedevelopments.
Moreover,duri
ngthe1997Asianfinancialcrisis,wehadputinplaceamajorpackageofrebatesandcost-cuttingmeasures.Partsofthisarestillineffect,includingtheCP17cut.Then,inthisyear'sbudget,RichardHucutcorporateandpersonaltaxes,andgaverebatesonamCcharges,rentalsandutilitybills.Recently,GeorgeYeoaouncedanotherpackagetodealwiththecurrenteconomicslowdown.
Letmeau
reyouthatiftheslowdowndragson,wehavethemeaandabilitytodomoretohelpyou.Andwewillhelpyou.MyMinistersandIarewatchingtheeconomyveryclosely.Weareworkingoutpoibleadditionalmeasures,justincasetheeconomycontinuestoworsenandweneedtoadministerasecondpackage.
Ourcurrentproblemisthecoequenceofbeingasmall,openeconomy,highlydependentonexternaltradeandforeigninvestment.WhentheUSandothermajoreconomiesweregrowing,wecaughtthestrongwindsandsurgedahead.Nowthatthewindshavedied,ourgrowthhasslowedtoalmostastandstill.Wedonothavealargedomesticmarkettogoagaitchangesinthewindintheexternalenvironment.Wejusthavetocopewiththem.WhattheGovernmentcando,however,istomakesurethattheeconomystayscompetitiveoverthelongterm,andsoftentheimpactofdownturonbusineesandworkersthroughcost-cuttingmeasuresandrebates.
Wearedoingtherightthings,Inarecentsurveyof12AsiancountriesbyPERC,aHongKong-basedrisk-analysiscoultancy,Singaporerankednumberoneforqualityofgovernmentpolicies.PERCreportedthat:“Singaporeisaposter-boyofhowtopursueeconomicdevelopment...NowthattheeconomyisslowinginreoetothedownturninelectronicexportstotheUS,the(Singapore)governmentiscomingupwithnewmeasurestobolstergrowth.Yetitisnotpanicking,norisitradicallychangingotherpoliciesthathavebeenasourceofstabilityandfortifiedinvestorconfidence.”(AsianIntelligence,July25,2001)
Sodonotloseconfidence.Donotwalkaroundwithyourhead~aningsolow,asifwehavebeendiagnosedwithagravecondition.Wemightbealittleoutofsorts,butitisnotlife-threatening.Whentheglobaleconomyrecovers,sowillwe.Weshouldthereforekeepouriritsup,andfightoffanygloom.Thereisabiggerbattleafterthis.Wecansucceedonlyifourmoraleishigh.
THELASTTENYEARS
Letusplanthenextstageofoureconomicclimbevenaswedealwiththecurrentslowdown.
Ihadearliergiventhemediaabookletontheprogrewemadeinthe1990s.Acopyhasalsobeengiventoyou.
Thisrecordofourachievementssetsthecurrentdownturninperective.Thelastfewyearshavebeenvolatile--goodgrowthin1997,sharpdownturnin1998,recoveryin1999,10percentgrowthin2000,andnowanotherdownturn.Buttakingalongerviewoverthelastdecade,wehavemadecoiderableprogre.
Thisshouldgiveustheconfidencethatwecanclimbhigher.Wehavestrongfundamentals.WehaveatestedteamofexperiencedMinisters,M,grarootsandunionleaders,andcivilservants.Wehavecapablepeopleintheprivatesectorandaunitedpopulation.Andwehavetheresourcestoinvestinnewventuresandcapabilities.
Oureconomygrewfasterinthe90sthaninthe80s,deitethe1997Asianfinancialcrisis(7.7peraum,asagait7.3).Iwasalsoquietlysatisfiedthatwerealisedourvisionofreachingthe1984Swistandardoflivinglastyear.In1984,wehadsetthisasatargettobeachievedby1999,butwemieditbyoneyearbecauseofthecrisis.
TheGovernmentdistributedbacktoSingaporeaagoodpartofthewealthgeneratedfromthisstrongeconomicgrowth.Wesharedcloseto$14billionthroughaet-enhancementprogrammesandendowmentfunds.Weinvestedinbetterhealthcare,housingandeducation.Singaporea'standardoflivingwentupcoiderably.
Wealsolivenedupthearts,culturalandleisurescene.Twoyearsago,Timemagazinedescribedourcitylifeas“funky”.Morerecently,Australia'sCaerraTimessaidthatSingaporewas“hip”and“cool”.
Ahh!Now,weevenhavefoamparties!1thoughtfoampartieswereforchildren,but1sawpicturesofadultsenjoyingthemselvestoo.Thatisallright,solongasthemerry-makersprancearoundwiththelightsandtheirclotheson.
Fortunately,wealsohavehigh-browedstufflikeplays,balletsandmusicals.Tonight'sRallyisheldhereiteadoftheusualKallangTheatrebecauseIgavewayto“MiSaigon”.
BUTTHEREAREGA
However,therewerealsoareaswherewecouldhavedonebetter.Iwillmentiononlytwo,justtoremindSingaporeanottobecomplacent.
Ourservicestandardscanbeimproved.Ournewaperscarrymanycomplaintsofpoorserviceinourshoandrestaurants,bytaxi-drivers,andeveninourhoitalsandbanks.
Wecanalsobemoregraciousandcoiderate,athomeandinothercountries.
Forexample,someJohoreahavedescribedChineseSingaporeaas“haolian”or“show-offs”.TheyclaimthatSingaporealovetoeedandbeattrafficlightswheninMalaysia;behaveasiftheyare“ABC”or“American-bornChinese”;andlovetoshout“verycheap,verycheap!”whileshoing.
Iwouldaddthatwearetoo'kiasu'.Forexample,atbuffets,wepileoystersonourplatesashighasMountEverest.
Ithinkourlethangraciousbehaviourisbecausewehavebecomeaffluenttooquickly.Oursocialgraceshavenotkeptpacewithourmaterialprogre.Letusbehumble,courteous,andgraciousinourbehaviourandattitude.Letusmakefriendswithourneighbours,eeciallyJohorea.
MORECHALLENGINGENVIRONMENTAHEAD
Thenexttenyearswillbetougherthanthelastten.
Ouroperatingenvironmenthaschangedtremendously.Wearenowinanewphaseofglobaldevelopment.Thereisonlyonepre-eminentworldpower-theUS.Neverthele,theUScaotignoretherapidemergenceofChina.
US-CHINARELATIO
Indeed,theUS-Chinarelatiohipwillbethedefiningfactoringlobaleconomicsandpoliticsinthecomingdecades.Ifitgoeswrong,Asiawillsuffer.TheUSseestremendousoortunitiesinChina'seconomicgrowth,butatthesametime,itworriesoverChina'sgrowingpower.
HowUS-Chinarelatiowillevolveisstilltooearlytosay.PresidentGeorgeW.BushoketoPresidentJiangZemingonthetelephonerecently.AccordingtoPresidentJiang,“AlthoughitwasnotavideophonewhereIcouldseehisfacialexpreion,fromhisvoice,IcouldfeelthathewasaPresidentwecandobusinewith.”IhopethatwhenthetwoPresidentsmeetinBeijinginOctober,andseeeachother'sfacialexpreio,theywillfindthattheycandobusinewitheachother.
EASTASIA
WithinEastAsia,thereareotherflashpoints.Cro-straitrelatiobetweenChinaandTaiwanaretroubled.ThemomentumofreconciliationbetweenthetwoKoreashavesloweddown.IntheSouthChinaSea,severalcountriesclaimtheatollsandreefsthere.Ifthisleadstoconflict,sealanesofcommunicatioandinternationaltradewillbedisrupted,affectingus.
Theoutlookforourimmediateneighbourhoodalsoremaiuncertain.
IndonesiahasjustelectedanewPresident,thethirdinthreeyearssinceSuhartosteeddownin1998.
PresidentMegawattiinheritsacountryinwhichpartsarethreateningtobreakaway,andtheeconomyisinagravestate.Indonesiawilltakemanyyearstorecover.
TheMalaysianeconomybouncedbackbrieflyafterthe1997Asianfinancialcrisis.However,internationalinvestorsremainwary.
OthercountriesinAseanarealsofacingvariousdifficulties.
Asaresult,Aseanisatalowpoint.Investorsarenegativeabouttheregion'sproects.
Singaporewillfeelkeenlytheeffectofthisuncertaintyintheregion.
THECHINACHALLENGE
Moreover,oureconomyisuncomfortablysandwichedbetweenthedevelopinganddevelopedeconomies.
Manydevelopingeconomiesarefastcatchingupwithusintechnologicalcapability.What'smore,theyhavemuchlowercostsofproduction.Forexample,ourwagesformanufacturingworkersaremorethan12timesthatinChinaandIndia.OurindustriallandcostsaboutUS$300persquaremetre.InShenzhen,itcostsbelowUS$10.Fortunately,wearenolongercompetinginlow-endmanufacturing,wherelowwagesandlowlandpricesarecritical.
Butstill,Chinaposesabigeconomicchallenge.SomeeconomistsdescribeChinaasan“800-poundtradinggorilla”.AHongkongnewaperaddedthatthisgorillawas“veryhungry”.
Intheearly90s,Chinatook20ofthetotalforeigndirectinvestmentintoEastAsia(excludingJapan),whileAseanaorbed50.Today,thenumbersarereversed:Chinatakesin50andAsean20.Chinaisnowduedthe“subcontractoroftheworld”.
EvenIndiaisbeingfloodedwithcheapbutgoodqualityChinesegoods.SomeIndianmanufacturersarefindingithardtocompete.Sotheyhavedonethenextbestthing.Theystick“MadeinChina”labelsontheirproductstoboostsales.
ButChinawillsoonbemorethanasub-contractor.AJulyarticleinAsiaweekcommentedthat:“It'snotaboutcheapstuffanymore.FromPCstochitosoftware,(China)isbecominganITpowerhouse.”
ManyTaiwanesecompaniesareinvestingheavilyinChina,notjustinlow-endactivities,butalsohightechplantslikewaferfa.ThecompaniesareshiftingtheiractivitiesoutofTaiwanintoChina.Thereare200,000TaiwanesebusinemeninShanghaiandanother200,000inKuhannearSuzhou.TheTaiwaneseworrythattheirmanufacturingindustryisbeinghollowedout.
RichardLimwroteaninterestingarticle,entitled“AWake-upCallfromChina”,intheSundayTimesof22July.HehasbeentoChinaseveraltimesovermanyyears.HefoundChina'straformationtobe:
“Alarming,becauseChina'straformationwillimpactgreatlyonSingapore,eeciallyonthelivelihoodsofitslewell-educatedcitize.”
Hethenurgedthat:
“Thepeoplemustbemadeawareofwhatishaening,becausetheirfuture,ortheirchildren's,isatstake.”
RichardLim'sarticleattractedseveralletters.Manyreadersagreedwithhim.
Iwas,however,morethanalittlesadtoreadthereoeofayoungreader,probablywestern-educatedandhadneverbeentoChina.Herevealedthathehaddraftedhisreoewithiutsfromafewotherslikehimself,all20-somethings.Hewrote:
“WedonotfeelanyaffinitytotheChinesepeople...Thecheenapeoplearesuckingawayalltheforeigninvestmentsandalongwiththem,ourjo...Wereallycaotimagineaworldwiththecheenapeopleincharge.
ThecheenapeopleworkinginSingaporearereallysuchacrudelot.”
HeendedsarcasticallybyaskingRichardLimtocoidermigratingtoChina.
Thisyoungmanisunabletoseebeyondhisnose.Heneedstogrowup,andquicklytoo.PerhahedoesnotknowthatChinesearecalled“OrangCina”inMalay.IfwearenotCina,whatarewe?“AngMoh”?
IhavebeentoChinamanytimes,thefirsttimein1971.IhaveseenChina'straformationatclosequarters.Itisscary.YougotoBeijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen,Dalian,Qingdaoandscoresofothercities,andyouwillbeastonishedbyhowquicklytheyhavelearntandcaughtup.TheywritesoftwaresforMicrosoft.Theyareintolifesciencesandbiomedicalengineering.Theyhaveevensucceededinmakingtheirtoiletsattouristattractioshinierandcleanerthanours.
OurbiggestchallengeisthereforetosecureanicheforourselvesasChinaswamtheworldwithherhighqualitybutcheaperproducts.China'seconomyispotentiallytentimesthesizeofJapan's.Justaskyourself:howdoesSingaporecompeteagaittenpostwarJapa,allindustrialisingandexportingtotheworldatthesametime?
IdonotmeanthatChinawilloverpowereveryothereconomy,andgrowattheexpeeofeverybodyelse.AsChinadeveloandexportsmore,itsimportswillgrowtoo.TherewillbemanyoortunitiesforothercountriestotradewithChina,andforforeigncompaniestoinvestinChina.Wemustgratheseoortunities.
Butmanyofthethingswearenowdoing,intime,Chinawilldobetterandcheaper.Wewillhavetostayonestepahead,andmoveontonewactivities.
Singaporehasawindowofabouttenyearstomakethistraformation,andupgradetothenextlevelofeconomicdevelopment.Butaswedoso,wecompetehead-onwiththedevelopedeconomies.Wehavetomatchtheirlevelofiovative,scientific,technologicalandmanagerialcapability.
VISIONFORSINGAPORE
Wewillneednewenergy,aclearseeofdirection,aNewSingapore,tocompeteinthisnewenvironment.
MyvisionistoturnSingaporeintoaglobalcity,a'globapolis',withpeoplefromallovertheworldandwellcoectedtoallpartsoftheglobe-byair,sea,telecommunicatioandtheInternet,inmarketacceandinvestments,andinareassuchaseducation,ortsandthearts.
InNewSingapore,therewillbeabundantoortunitiesforSingaporeaandglobaltalenttoworkanddowell.Ourlimitedphysicalandmarketsizewillnotcotrainus,forwewouldhaveexpandedoureconomicacebeyondourshores.
NewSingaporewillbeoneoftheworld'sfinest,mostliveablecities.Arts,theatres,museums,musicandortswillflourish.Singaporewillbealivelyandexcitingplace,withplentytodoandexperience.Ourcitywillnotonlyhavedepth,butalsotherichneofdiversity.
Butaboveall,SingaporewillbeahomeforSingaporea.Itwillbethebesthomeforustoraiseourchildren,awarmandsafehomewithagoodheartandsoundvalues,andwherestrongbondsuniteusasonefamily.
HOWDOWEGETTHERE?
TocreatethisNewSingapore,wewillimplementaneweconomicstrategyandforgeanewsocialcompact.Theneweconomicstrategywillenableustodevelopnewbasesofgrowth.Thenewsocialcompact-anunderstandingamongallSihgaporea,andbetweentheGovernmentandpeople-willeurethatwestayacohesivenationevenaseconomiccompetitioninteifiesandtheincomegapwide.
InthisproceofgettingtotheNewSingapore,wewillhavetodiscardmindsetsandoldwaysofdoingthingsthathavebecomeirrelevant.Wewillhavetolearnnewcompetencies.
Butthisiseasiersaidthandone
Forexample,1knowmanyteachersintheir50swhohavechosentoretireearly.Iftheyhadstayedon,theywouldhavehadtolearnmanynewthings.Theywouldhavehadtochange30yearsofteachingmaterials,methodsandroutinesfornewones.Theywouldhavehadtostrugglewiththeircomputers,andsometimes,gethelpfromthestudentstheyaresuosedtoteach.Theyfoundsuchchangestreful.Sotheychosetogetoffthetreadmill.
Asindividuals,theycouldretire.Butanentirecountrycaotquit.Wehavenochoicebuttorunatthehigheedoftheglobaleconomictreadmill.Otherwise,wewillbethrownoff,andallSingaporeawillsuffer.
NEWECONOMICSTRATEGY
Singapore'sgrowthuptonowhasprimarilybeeninvestment-driven.Thishastakenourproeritytoanextraordinarylevel.Butlookingintothefuture,therearelimitstohowmuchmorewecanrelyonsuchastrategy.
First,ourwagesandrentalsarealreadyhigherthanthoseinothercountriescompetingforthesameinvestments.
Secondly,thereisanimbalancebetweenourexportsector,drivenmainlybyMNCs,andourdomesticsector.Ourexportsectoriscompetitive,butourdomesticsectorisnot.
Thirdly,ourexportsaredominatedbyoneindustry-electronics.Thismakesusvulnerabletochangesinexternaldemand.
Fourthly,ourimmediateregionisinastateofflux,andwillremainsoforsomeyears.
Weneedtoreondtothesechallenges.Tonight,Iwouldliketooutlinefivekeythruststhatwillpropelourneweconomicstrategy.
First,beglobal.Reachouttonewmarketsinourregionandbeyond.
Next,createanenterprisingSingapore.WeneedmoreSingaporeatostrikeoutinbusine,andbemorereadytotakerisks.
Thirdly,bemoreiovative.Weshouldlookforourownideas,ratherthanmerelycopyingtheideasofothers.
Fourthly,restructureoureconomy,tomakeourexportanddomesticsectorsmorecompetitive.
Andlast,enlargeourpoolofhumancapitalandraiseitsquality.
REACHINGOUT
First,reachingouttonewmarkets.
7-HOURHINTERLAND
TheAseanregionisimportanttous,eeciallyMalaysiaandIndonesia.Butweshouldnowwidenourhinterland,tobuildupSingaporeasahubforthegreaterAsianregion.
Withina7~hourflightradiusofSingaporelive2.8billionpeople,withhundredsofmilliointhemiddleincomegroup.Wehaveonlyourselvestoblameifwedonotfullyexploittheseoortunities.Weshouldregardallthecountriesandcitieswhicharewithin7hoursofflyingtimefromSingaporeasourhinterland.
Chinaiswithinthisgreaterhinterland.SoisIndia,whichalsooffersusgoodgrowthoortunities.Indiaisopeningup,thoughnotasectacularlyasChina.ItsITindustryeeciallyhasdevelopedremarkablyinthelastfewyears.IndialivingabroadarebegiingtoreturntoIndia,tostartupcompaniesthere.
FREETRADEAGREEMENTS
OurFreeTradeAgreementorFTAstrategyispartofoureffortstoexpandoureconomicace.Lastyear,weconcludedanFTAwithNewZealand.WearenownegotiatingFTAswiththeUS,JapanandAustralia,amongothers.
FTAsopenupforeignmarketstocompaniesinSingapore.Thiswillbenefitourcompanies,whichmustexporttogrow.FTAswillalsoattractmoreinvestmentstoSingapore,becausefactoriesinSingaporewillbeauredofenhancedaccetoimportantmarketsliketheUSandJapan.ThismeamoreandbetterjoforSingaporea.
Inthelastfewmonths,theMalaysianmediahasportrayedourFTAsas“TrojanHorses”thatprovide“backdoor”entryforgoodsfromourFTApartnerstoentertheAseanmarket,throughtheAseanFreeTradeAreaorAFTA.
OurFTAscaotbea“backdoor”.Indeed,ifitwerepoibleforothercountriestouseSingapore'sFTAsasa“backdoor”toentertheAseanmarket,thenMalaysiacouldusethesame“backdoor”toenterthemarketsofourFTApartnerssuchastheUSandJapan!ButtherulesoforiginofAFTAandourFTAswillnotallowthis.
ENTERPRISINGSINGAPORE
Thesecondthrustofourneweconomicstrategyisenterprise.
Inthepast,weboughtandsoldotherpeople'sproducts.Later,weaddedvaluetothesegoods.ThenweattractedMNCstomanufacturehere.
Inthenextphaseofourdevelopment,Singaporeahavetobemoreentrepreneurial.Weneedtogrowagroupoflocalcompaniesthatcangointernational,tobecomeinternationalSingaporecompaniesorISCs.TheywillbasetheircorecapabilitiesinSingaporeandexpandoutside.Theywillbeanotherengineofgrowthforoureconomy,sulementingourforeignMNCstrategy.IknowwewillnothavemanycompanieslikeSingaporeAirlines,butwecanhaveafewmorelikeCreativeTechnologyorA.
DEVELOPINGSINGAPOREENTERPRISES
WehavesomelocalcompanieswiththepotentialtobecomeISCs,butwewillneedmore.
KwekLengBeng
KwekLengBengoftheHongLeongGrouphasturnedhisfamily-runcompanyintoasucceful,profeionallymanagedISC.Hishotelsuidiaryoworoperatesaportfolioof110hotelswithatotalof30,000rooms,aingAsia,Australia,NewZealand,EuropeandtheUS.
LengBengisenterprising.WhenIwasinLondonrecently,heinvitedmetolunchathisabout-to-be-openedrestaurantinoneofhishotels.HerecountedthegreattroublehehadtakentopersuadeaJapanese-AustraliancheffromSydneytosetupthisrestaurant.Aarently,thechef'sSydneyrestaurantisverypopular.Youhavetobookatabletwotothreemonthsahead.LengBengenttwoyearswooingthechefbeforesucceeding.Manyothersuitorshadfailed.
Thechefisveryparticular.Everythingmustbeexactlyright.HedelayedtheopeningofLengBeng'srestaurantbymorethanamonthbecausehewasnothaywiththedecorandservice.Heevencheckedthetoiletsandfoundthemnotuptohisstandard.LengBenghadtoredothedecorandthetoilets.
ThechefservesFrench-Japanesefusioncuisine.Wehadeightcourses.Eachdishwasexquisite,beautifullypresentedanduniquelyflavoured.Aftertheeightcoursesthough,1didnotfeelfulllikeIwouldafteraChinesemeal.WhenIdescribedmyexperiencetomyPrincipalPrivateSecretary,hesaid,“Ah,theFrenchcallit,'MenuDegustation'.”HehadstudiedinFrance.Heexplainedthata'MenuDegustation'wastoallowyoutoenjoydifferentflavoursandstylesofpreparationofmanysmalldishes,andnottostuffyou.
SamGoi
SamGoiofTeeYihJiaisanotherenterprisingSingaporean.TeeYihJiaistheworld'sleadingproducerofpopiahski,andhasthepotentialtobecomeanISC.Popiahskimaynotseemaglamorouslineofbusinetosomeofyou,butIamproudoftheinroadsSamhasmadeintheinternationalmarket.Itcouldbethestartofsomethingmuchbigger.
Frompopiahski,Samwentontoproducerotiprata.1wassurprisedtolearnthathisrotipratasoldbetterinthewestthanintheeast.Somehow,hehasmanagedtopersuadeAmericaandEuropeatoeatthem,notwithcurry,butwithchickenandsaladlikeMexicantortillas.TortillasarelikeChineseringrolls.Samdidnotstopthere.Hewentontoidentifyasuitablefryingpanfortherotiprata.Nowhesellsbothrotiprataandrotipratafryingpa.
SamwasinmydelegationtotheCzechRepublic.IteasedhimwhetherhehadsoldanypopiahskiandrotipratatotheCzechs.Helaughed.Hewasnottryingtosellthemany.Itead,hewastheretorecruitamasterbeerbrewer.1didnotknowthathehadgoneintothebeerbusineandthatheownedabreweryinChina.SamexplainedthattheCzechswerefamousfortheirbeers,particularlyPilerbeer.Theyhaveverygoodbrewers.SamdidfindamasterbrewerandwasabletopersuadethebrewertogotoChinatorunhisbrewery.
WeneedmoreSamGoisandKwekLengBengs.
GOVERNMENT'SROLEINENTERPRISINGSINGAPORE
MTIisre-engineeringTDBtowidenitsfocus,frompromotingtradetohelpingSingapore-basedcompaniesinternationaliseandgrowintheglobalmarket.Inshort,TDBwillfocusongrowingSingapore'sexternalwing.
Thatsaid,let'smakethisclear.TheGovernmentcanhelp,andcancreateanenvironmentthatisconducivetobusineandenterprise.Butitcaotcreatesuccefulbusineesbydecree.Indeed,topromoteenterprise,theGovernmentshouldintervenele,notmore,inthemarket.AbusinewhichdependsontheGovernmenttoprotectitsmarketorsuidiseitsoperatio,caotbeviableinthelongrun.Asuccefulbusinehastoflourishinafreemarket.Itmustmakeagenuineprofitbybeingmoreefficientandiovativethanitscompetitors,andbyproducingsomethingwhichitscustomersneed,betterandcheaperthanothers.
ARISK-TAKINGCULTURE
Ultimately,howsuccefulweareincreatinganenterprisingSingaporewilldependontherisk-takingprofileofSingaporea.
RewardsforSucce
Thewillingnetotakerisksdependsontheeconomicandsocialenvironment.Weshouldstrengthentheincentivesforpeopletoventureforthinthehopeofectacularsucce,ratherthantochooseasafepathandminimisetheriskoffailure.Singaporeahavetodiscardthemindsetofseekingsecurejo.Itead,weshouldalsocelebratethosewhohavethegumptiontotrytheirhandsatbusine.
Weneedtoincreasetherewardsforsucce.Akeyrequirementistokeepourtaxratesaslowaspoible.OnereasontheUShasamoreentrepreneurialculturethanEuropeisthatitstaxratesarelower,soitspeoplewhobuildcompanieshavemorehopetobecomebillionaires.InEurope,ifyourbusineproers,40ormoreofthewealththatyoucreategoestothestateintaxes.Sotheincentivetotakerisksandsloghardtobuildacompanyisweaker.
CelebratingSucce
Socialattitudestoo,affecthowwillingSingaporeaaretotakerisks.Weshouldnotresentbusinemenwhomakeitbig.ThisisanotherdifferencebetweentheUSandEurope.InsomeEuropeancountrieswithstrongegalitarianvalues,apersonwhobecomesveryrichisfrowneduponbysociety,evenifhehasmadehismoneyhonestly.ButintheUS,SteveJoandBillGatesarefolkheroes.SingaporeisamoreegalitariansocietythantheUS.Butwetooshouldcheeronourentrepreneurs,sothattheywillcreatemorewealthforthemselvesandforSingapore.
AcceptingFailure
Wehavetochangeanotherattitude.Wefindithardtoacceptfailure.Wedonotgiveenoughcredittothosewhotry,failandgetuptotryagain.Weshouldnotlookatthisintermsofforgiveneandtolerance,butintermsofadmirationandreectforriskandenterprise,andresilienceandtenacityinthefaceofadversityandfailure.Perhabecauseofourdoggedpursuitofexcellence,orbecausewearesuchasmallsocietythateveryoneknowseveryoneelse,somebodywhohasfailedfindsitdifficulttostartafresh.Butwhateverthereason,wemustgiveasecond,athirdandfurtherchancetothosewhohavefailed,provideditwasanhonestfailure.
IOVATION
Weneedalsotofosteracultureofiovation.Thisisthethirdlegofourneweconomicstrategy.Efficiencyisimportant.Butitcanbeeasilymatchedbyothers,anddoesnotprovideasustainedadvantageincompetitivene.Intheglobalisedeconomythatpermitsrapidreadoftechnologyatlowcost,efficiencyisonlyanentry-levelrequirement.Iovationandimaginationgiveaneconomyoracompanythatextraedge.Today,wealthisgeneratedbynewideas,morethanbyimprovingtheideasofothers.
oradiciovationbyafewSingaporecompaniesandthepublicsectorisnotgoodenough.Theiovativeiritmustpermeateourwholesociety.Thequestionishowtocreateanenvironmentthatencouragesmanyofustobecomeiovators.
Byiovators,Imeanapeoplewhosemindsarealwayslookingfornewideasandnewwaysofdoingthings,notsimplycopyingwhatothershaveinvented.Forthis,weneednon-conformistthinking.
Letmegiveyouanexampleofnon-conformistthinking.IhaenedtotuneintotheContheeveofNationalDay.TherewasaninterviewwithaformerAmerican-ChineseTVpresenterturnedentrepreneur.
ThisladyentrepreneurhasproducedarangeofcosmeticproductstailoredforAsianwomen.SheexplainedthatAsianwomenhavedifferentfeaturesanddifferentskincolouring,socosmeticsmeantforCaucasianwomendonotsuitthem.Forexample,whenAsianwomenuseapink-basedfoundation,theylookasiftheyarewearingamask.Also,Caucasianwomengenerallyhavemoreprominentnoses,sotheircosmeticsseektomaketheirnosesleprominent.Ontheotherhand,Asianwomengenerallyhavesmallnoses,sotheyneedtousecosmeticstomaketheirnosesmoreprominent.Otherwise,shesaid,'Youwouldnotevenseeanoseontheirface!'
Thiswomandidnotsimplycopyothers.Aconformistwouldhavedonethat,andsimplymanufacturedandsoldwestern-basedcosmeticsintheAsianmarket.Itead,shethoughtout-of-thebox,hopingtohitthejackpot.
IamalsoimpreedbytheiovativeiritofourNationalLibrary.Itcollaboratedwiththeprivatesectortodesignanddevelopasystemtotrackthemovementoflibrarybooks,soastocutdownthetimevisitorsendqueuingtocheckinandcheckoutbooks.Thebooksareimplantedwithamicrochipwhichemitsradiowaves.Toborrowabook,youputitonapadattheself-checkmachines,andthebookisregisteredasborrowed.Therearehardlyanymorequeues.Returningthebookisalsoabreeze.Yousimplyslidethebookdownabook-dropchute,anditisregisteredasreturned.
OurNationalLibrarywasthefirstlibraryintheworldtousethistechnology.Ithaspatentedtheinvention.
NATIONALIOVATIONCOUNCIL
Ironically,tochangemindsetsinoursociety,atop-downaroachseemsunavoidable.ButIamclearinmymindthattheGovernmentcanonlystimulateandencourageyoutobeiovative.Itisnotpoibletodirectanddrivethepopulationtobecomeiovative.
Earlierthisyear,IinvitedProfeorGaryHamel,amanagementcoultant,toconductaseminaroniovationforMinistersandtopcivilservants.Theseminarhasgeneratedsomegoodideasonhowwecanencourageamoreiovativesociety.
IintendtosetupaNationalIovationCounciltopushalongthischangeinthethinkingofourpeople.LimHngKiang,whoismakingseveraliovativechangesintheHealthMinistry,willchairthisCouncil.
STRUCTURALADJUSTMENT
Ourfourththrustistomakefurtherstructuraladjustmentstooureconomy.
OPENINGUP
Ihavemetpeoplewhohavebeenpersonallyaffectedbyoureconomicrestructuring.Somearefriendsandrelatives.Remisiers'commiiohavebeencut.Banktellersarecompetingwithiuranceagentstoselliurancepoliciesandunittrusts.Manybankemployeesarefearfulofbeingretrenchedbecauseofbanksmerging.
Iunderstandyourdistreoverthedismantlingofprotectiveregimes.ButIhopeyouwillunderstandthattheGovernmenthastolookatthelargerpicture.Wehavetocoiderthetectonicchangesunderway,andworkoutastrategicreoetosecurethelong-termproerityofSingaporea.
Thestatusquoisnotsustainable.EveniftheGovernmentdoesnothing,themarketwilleventuallybringaboutpainfulchanges.Wecandelaytheadjustment,butthefinalresultwillbeworse.Itisfarbetterforustoacceptrealityandgowiththeforcesofchange,andnottoresistthem.Ifyouwatchboxing,youwillknowwhatImean.Theboxerwhosticksouthisjawiteadofrollingwiththepunchwillbeknockedoutinnotime.
EXPORTSECTOR
Torestructureoureconomy,wehavetoenhancethecompetitiveneofbothourexportsectorandourdomesticsector.
Ourexportsectorhasbeensteadilytraformedovertheyears.Wehaveshiftedtowardsnew,highervalue-addedmanufacturing,aslower-endproductionmovedoffshore.10yearsago,coumerelectronicsstillaccountedfor14ofourelectronicsproduction.Now,itisdowntoonly2,havingbeenreplacedbythesemiconductorindustry.Andtheremaining2ofcoumerelectronicsisnolongerradiosorVCRs,butexcitingnewproductslikedigitalTVandDVDplayers.Soon,itwillbewirelealicatiothatallowyourhomealiancestotalktooneanother.
Wemustacceleratetheupgradingofourmanufacturingsector,orwewillbehollowedout.Ourhightechindustriesmustgoevenhighertech.Forexample,wemustbeabletoproducemoresophisticatedsemiconductors,anddesignthechi.
NEWCAPABILITIES
Inaddition,wehavetobuildupnewcapabilitiesinIT,lifesciencesandotherhighvalue-addedactivities.
Lifesciences,eeciallybio-medicalsciences,aresaidtobethethirdtechnologicalrevolutionafterthesteamengineandthecomputer.
Togiveyouanideaofthepotentialoflifesciences,justlookatthemanydifferentwayspeoplemakebabiesnowadays.Mostmakethemintheusualway,thewaymarriedcouplesdo.Afewmakebabiesintesttubes.Someusesurrogatemothers.Now,IreadthatAustralianresearchersaretryingtomakebabiesfromthecellsoftwowomen.Theyhaveshownthatbabymicecanbeproducedfromthecellsoffemalemicewithoutanymalecontributionwhatsoever.Iftheysucceedinalyingthistechnologytohuma,willourwomenstillneedus?
Wemusthaveapieceoftheaction,perhanotinfindingnewwaysofmakingbabies,butinfindingnewcuresfordiseases.
DOMESTICSECTOR
Evenaswepromoteexports,wemustnotneglectourdomesticsector.WeshouldseehowwecanmakethedomesticsectorasefficientastheexportsectordrivenbyMNCs.Theproductivityofourdomesticsector,whetherincotructionorretailorhoitality,islow.Thisisaseveredragonournationalproductivity.Ifyouhavevisitedthedevelopedcountries,youwouldhavenoticedtheirsuperiorservicestandardsandproductivity.Yes,thereareoutstandingexceptioinSingaporelikeRobio.Buttheyaretheexceptionratherthantherule.
Yearsago,ItookataxiinParisfromtheairporttothehotel.Whenthetaxiarrivedatthehotel,thedrivergotoutandcarriedmyheavyluggageoutoftheboot.Iwasastounded.Thedriverwasawoman.
ChongLitCheong,CEOofJTC,relatedthatwhenheandhiswifewereinHongkongrecently,hiswifehadtopickupfromastore,abagshehadalreadypaidfor.Shetelephonedthestoretoaskthemtogetherbagready.Thesalesgirlnotonlygotthebagready,butwenttheextramile.ShewaitedoutsideatthetaxistandtohandthebagtoLitCheong'swife,thussavingherthetroubleofgettingoutofthetaxi!
IwouldliketoseesuchlevelsofcustomerserviceinSingapore.
WhenProfeorMichaelPorterwashereearlierthismonth,hepointedoutthatunleourdomesticsectorwasefficient,ouroveralleconomycouldnotachievehighproductivity.Exportbusineesandcoumersalikewouldhavetopayhighercostsforinefficientlocalservices.HecitedJapanasanexamplewhereaweakdomesticsectorhadadverselyaffectedtheexportsector.
We,therefore,havetoopenupourservicessectorfurther,toimproveitsefficiency.Wearealreadydoingthisforfinance,telecommunicatioandpowergeneration.
Atthesametime,wewillhelpourdomesticsectortoupgrade,eeciallytheSMEs.hasprogrammestoimprovetheirproductivity.Forexample,foralongtime,thecleaningindustrysufferedfromlowproductivityandapoorimage.Now,isworkingwiththeindustrytoupgradeskillsandperformancestandards.IthassetupaCentreforCleaningTechnology.
Thereisalsomuchroomforretailerstoupgradethemselves.Retailersshouldparticipateinprogrammessuchasfranchising,economicgroupingandsharedservices.Theseprogrammeshelpthemadoptmodernmanagementpracticesandbusinemodels.
HUMANCAPITAL
Ourhumanresourceislimited.Wehavetomaximiseourlocalpotentialandtopitupfromtheoutside.Thisisthefifththrustofournewgrowthstrategy.
EDUCATION
Atlastyear'sRally,Ipledgedtoincreaseendingoneducationby$1.5billionayear(from3.6ofGDPto4.5).
Inparticular,theGovernmentwillimprovepost-secondaryeducationoortunitiesforourchildren.
First,ITEwillregroupitscurrent10campusesintothreeregionalcampusesoverthenext15years.
Thelargercampuseswillallowafullrangeofcoursestobeoffered,andprovideoortunitiesforcro-disciplinarylearning.Studentscanalsolookforwardtobetterortsandrecreationalfacilities.
Thefirstnewfullyintegratedcampuswillbereadyby2005.
Secondly,wehavedecidedtobuildafifthpolytechnic.Itwillopenitsdoorsin2003.
Thirdly,wewillbuildthreenewJuniorCollegesinthenextthreeyears.ThiswillbringthetotalnumberofJuniorCollegesto19.
Fourthly,wewillexpandtheuniversitysector.Today,oneinfivePrimaryOnestudentseventuallygoesontoalocaluniversity.Weaimtoimprovethistooneinfourby2010.Thismearaisingthecurrentaualuniversityintakeby4,000students.
ButNUSandNTUarealreadyasbigastheyshouldbe.TheSingaporeManagementUniversity,orSMU,willincreaseitsstudentintaketillitreachesitstargetenrolment.FurtherexpaionofNUS,NTUandSMUisnotdesirable.AcommitteeheadedbyPeterChenhasofferedpreliminaryideasforafourthuniversity.Idonotwanttoprejudgeitsrecommendatio,butinprinciple,Isuortafourthuniversityifitsgraduatescanmeetthestandardsdemandedbytheeconomy.
LIFELONGLEARNING
TheGovernmentwilldomoretoenhancetheskillsofordinaryworkers.
WehavedoubledtheLifelongLearningFundfrom$500millionto$1billionsinceApril.
Thisyear,theGovernmentwillgiveaddedemphasistoprogrammestohelpolderandlower-educatedworkers.
Executives,managers,engineersandotherprofeionalsmayhavetoberetrainedtoo,sothattheycanmoveintonewgrowthareas.Weshallstudyhowthiscanbedone.
GLOBALTALENT
Wecanendmoreoneducationandtraining.Buttherealityisthatnomatterhowmuchweend,withapopulationofjustoverthreemillion,wewillnothaveenoughlocaltalenttocompeteinthetopleagueofnatio.
DidyouwatchTeamSingaporeplayManchesterUnited?Ifyoudid,youwouldhaveagoodideaofthebiggapbetweenourstandardsandinternationalstandards.TeamSingaporeplayedwellbutitwasnomatchforManUbecauseManUwasreallyaninternationalandnotaBritishteam.MahBowTantoldmethatabouthalftheManUteamwerenon-British.HeaddedthatManUwasonlyplayingathalfpace.Otherwise,thescorelinemightwellhavebeen16-l!
Arecentarticlebythenewaper,“TheAustralian”,commentedhowcorporateSingaporewascontrolledtightlybyasmallgroupofpeople.ThesamefewSingaporeaareontheboardsofmanycompaniesandGovernmentStatutoryBoards.
Thejournalistdidnotknowtherealreason.Thetruthis,wedonothaveenoughcorporatetalenttodrawon.Hence,somanydemandingjofallontheshouldersofthesamefewpeople.
Wehavegoodlocaltalent,butweneedtotopitupwithglobaltalent.
OthersAreRecruitingTalentToo
Wearenottheonlyonestohaveconcludedthatglobaltalentiseential.
Australiarecentlyenlargeditsimmigrationprogrammetobringinabout45,000skilledmigrantsayear.AndJapanisfinalisingablueprinttoimportatleast30,000ITprofeionalsinthenextfiveyears.
TheUSeconomyhasdoneimmeelywellbecauseitenjoysa“braingain”yearafteryear.
Forexample,onequarterofthecompaniesinSiliconValleyarecreatedbyorledbyIndianandChineseimmigrants.Also,since1945,theUShaswon60(228)ofalltheNobelPrizesineconomicsandthesciences.Atleast30oftheseeconomistsandscientistswerebornoutsidetheUS.
AttractingMulti-NationalTalent
Thatiswhywehavetobringinmulti-nationaltalent,likethewaywebroughtinMNCs.
LikeMNCs,multi-nationaltalent,orMNTs,willbringinnewexpertise,freshideasandglobalcoectioandperectives.IbelievethattheywillproducelastingbenefitsforSingapore.
ThecompetitionforMNTsisintee.JustasweuseincentivestoattractMNCs,wemayneedtocoiderecialmeasurestoattractMNTs.
RetainingSingaporeTalent
Butthewarfortalentisnotjustaboutattractingforeigners.Retainingourowntalentisgoingtoproveabigchallenge.BrightSingaporeaarebeingharvestedbyothersevenbeforetheygraduate.
YeoCheowTongtoldmethatJPMorgan,aleadingWallStreetinvestmentbank,recruitedhisdaughterbeforesheevenstartedherfinalyearinatopUSuniversity.Uponjoiningthebankaftergraduation,shewasaignedtoacorporatefinanceteamthatexecutesbillion-dollarprojects.Apartfromthepay,suchafirstjobexcitedandchallengedher.
IaskedCheowTongwhetherhisdaughterwouldcomebacktoSingapore.Hecouldonlysay,“Ihopeso.”Ihopesotoo.
IhopethedaughterofMrAbdulRashidGani,ManagingPartnerinthelawfirmofKhattarWong&amPartners,willcomebacktoo.ShewasoneofthetopstudentsinCornellUniversity.Duringherfinalyear,threetopfinancialititutioinNewYorkwooedher.TheyflewhertoNewYork,putherupinfirstclahotelsandtookherouttofinerestaurants.SheisnowworkingforCreditSuieFirstBostoninNewYork.
GreenharvestingofbrightstudentsisacommonpracticeinAmerica.Itshowshowhardtopcompaniestrytorecruittoptalent.WemaylosemanySingaporeathisway.
Othersmallcountriesfacesimilarproblemsretainingtalent.NewZealandisagoodexample.ManyNewZealandersworkoverseas,inAustralia,BritainortheUS.SomanyNewZealandershaveemigratedthatnewaperswriteabout“theflightoftheKiwis”,eventhoughKiwiscaotfly.
Recently,aneminentprofeorfromtheLondonSchoolofEconomics,ProfeorRobertWade,okeataconferenceinAuckland.Hesaid:
“Onceathresholddeityofskilledpeopleislost,therateofout-migrationislikelytoaccelerate,companiesandorganisatiowillhaveincreasingtroublemeetingstaffingneeds,thequalityofpublicserviceswilldecline,thetaxbasewillerode,andsoon.”
ProfeorWadealsookeofhowoverseasTaiwaneseandKoreaareofferedcoiderableincentivesandsuidiesbytheirgovernmentstoreturnhome.EvenChinaisnowdoingthis.HowmuchmorecriticalmustitbeforSingaporetoattracttalentfromaroundtheworldandtoretainourtalent?
Inthenextfewmonths,asoureconomyslowsdownandunemploymentincreases,someSingaporeamayagainquestiontheneedformoreglobaltalent.Iurgeyoutounderstandthatthisisamatteroflifeanddeathforusinthelongterm.Ourowntalentisbeingcreamedoff.Ifwedonottopupourtalentpoolfromoutside,in10years'time,manyofthehigh-valuedjowedonowwillmigratetoChinaandelsewhere,forlackofsufficienttalenthere.SoitisbetterforustoanchortalentsandjoinSingaore,andmakeourimportdtalentfeelwelcomeaspartoftheSingaporeteam.
SOCIALANDPOLITICALENVIRONMENT
Wewillcreateasocialandpoliticalmilieuwhichisconducivetooureffortstocreateanenterprisingandiovativesociety.Thismeahavingthefreedomtomakepersonalchoices,andtobedifferent.Youngpeopleeecially,oftenwanttobenon-conformist.Wecanacceptthat,withinlimitsofdecencyofdecorum.WedonotexpecteverySingaporeantodreandbehavethesame.
Beyonddreingdifferently,manySingaporea,inparticular,theyoung,wanttohavemoresayinthewaySingaporeisrun.
Wehaveallowedfreerexpreionofdivergentpoliticalviews,solongasthisdoesnotcompromiselawandorder,nationalsecurityandnationalinterests.WehavesetupaeakersCorner.SingaporeahaveformeddiscuiongroulikeTheRoundTableandThinkCentretodiscupoliticaliues.Intheiritofdiscuion,theGovernmentwillfromtimetotimedisagreepubliclywiththeirviews.Itsurelycaotautomaticallyaccepteverythingthattheysay,norshoulditsimplyignorewhattheysay.IftheGovernmentthinksthatsomethingtheysaidwillhurtSingapore,ithastorebutthem,ifneceary,forcefully.
ButthisshouldnotbeseenastheGovernmentsmotheringfreeexpreion.TheGovernmentwillnotregardyouasanoonentunleyouchoosetobeone.TheRoundTableisnotanoonent.ButtheThinkCentreisopenlycriticaloftheGovernment.Itisone-sidedinitspresentationofarticlesandviews,andtheGovernmentcaotignorethis.
Iknowsomepeoplewantevengreaterfreedom.Butwherepoliticsisconcerned,Iprefertoeaseupslowlyratherthanopenupwithabigbang.WhenGorbachevopeneduptheSovietUnionwithhis'Glaost',theSovietUnioncollaedwithabigbang.Weshould,therefore,pumptheairintothepoliticalballoonslowly.Idon'tintendtochangemynameto'GohBaChev!
NEWSOCIALCOMPACT
IntheNewEconomy,competitionwillbecomeincreasinglyfierce,Thepaceofchangecanbeuettling.
Thesocialframeworkwehavedevelopedtohelpthosewhocaotkeepupisgenerallysound.Butweneedtoimproveit,sothatwewillholdtogetherasanationdeitethemoreinteepaceoflifeandthewideningincomegap.IwanttooutlinehereanewsocialcompactforSingapore.
First,wewillcontinuetosuidiseheavilythethreebasicservicesofhousing,educationandhealthcare.NoSingaporeanwillbedeprivedofthesethreeservicesnomatterhowpoorheis.
Secondly,inyearsofgoodeconomicgrowth,wewilldistributepartofthebudgetsurplusesbacktoSingaporea,toenhancetheiraetsaswellastohelpthemdefrayeentialexpees,suchastheiramCandutilitycharges.
Thirdly,wewillpayparticularattentiontotheneedsoflower-incomeSingaporea.Thisisalreadybeingdoneforsuidiesforbasicservicessuchashealthcareandhousing.Also,lastyear,whenwetoedupyourCPF,wegavelower-incomeSingaporeamore.
Thispolicyofgivingmoretolower-incomeSingaporeaisright.ThehigherincomeSingaporeaowetheirsucceinparttotheotherswhosuortoursocialcompact.Theymust,therefore,bepreparedtolendahelpinghandtothoseamonguswhoarenotsowelloff.Onlythencanweremainacohesiveandstablesociety.Itcaotbeeverymanforhimself.Forapersontosucceed,heneedsalaunch-padfromsociety.
Inturn,lower-incomeSingaporeamustsuorttheenterpriseandeffortsofthosewhohavetheability.Wemustnotresentthosewhocreatewealth,forthemselvesandforSingapore.
TheGovernment,onitspart,willeurethateverySingaporeanhasequalandmaximumoortunitytoadvancehimself,whileprovidingasocialsafetynettopreventtheminoritywhocaotcope,fromfailingthrough.
Thisway,wecanhaveanenduringsocialcompactwheretheablecandoverywell,andwecanusesomeofthewealthgeneratedbythemtosuidiseandhelptheleable.
CHARITY,PHILANTHROPYANDVOLUNTEERISM
ButSingaporeamustnotleavethetaskofhelpingtheweakentirelytotheGovernment.Ifwearetobuildacohesivesociety,individualsmustformlastingtieswiththeirlargercommunity.TofeelpaionatelyaboutSingaporeistocareaboutmorethanjustthosethingsthatdirectlyaffectourfamilies,ourfriends,andourselves.ItistobestronglycommittedtothewellbeingofourfellowSingaporea,andtoshowcompaiontothosewhoareweakerthanourselves.
TheGovernmentwillcreateanevenmorefavourableenvironmentfortheinvolvementofthepeopleandcorporatesectorsincharity,philanthropyandvolunteerism.Amongotherinitiatives,theGovernmentwillgrantItitutionofPublicCharacter(IPC)statustoprivatefoundatiothatsuortcharitableactivities.IhavealsoaskedRichardHutocoidergivingincreasedtaxdeductionfordonatiotoIPCs,ifpoible,doubletaxdeduction.
PRESERVINGOURRESERVES
LetmestrethatmyGovernmentwillcarryoutthissocialcompactusingbudgetsurplusesthatthisGovernmenthasaccumulated.Ihavenointentionofdiingintoourreserves,asChiamSeeTonghassuggestedtheGovernmentshoulddo.Rather,mypolicyistoeurethatourreservescontinuetogrowyearafteryear.
Whensomecountriesrunintoeconomicdifficulty,theycanpumpmoreoilfromtheiroilfields,orcutdownmoretimber.Wehavenooilfields,notimber,nonaturalresourcestofallbackon.Wecanonlydependonourreserves.Theyareourequivalentof“naturalresources”.Assuch,wemustguardthemzealouslyforuseonlyinasevereandprolongedcrisis.
Whileourreservesarelockedup,aproportionoftheincomefrominvestingourreservesgoesintoourbudgetsurplus.Itisbecausewehaveprotectedthesereservesinthepastthatweenjoyacomfortablebudgetsurplusevenduringthiscurrentslowdown,whichwecanusetohelpSingaporeacopewiththeslowdown.
ChiamSeeTongarguesthatSingaporewillnotgobankruptbyusing“atinyfraction”ofourreserves.Thisisaveryseductiveline.Seductive,butextremelydangerousforthepeoplebeingseduced.
Whatheisarguingforisforustoslowlykillthegoosewhichgivesusgoldeneggs.First,pluckoffsomeofitsfeatherstokeepuswarm.Next,sincethisdoesnotkillthegoose,MrChiamwillsuggestthatweshouldsliceoffjustonedrumsticktoeaseourhunger.
MyGovernment'sphilosophy,ontheotherhand,istoprotectthepreciousgoose-ourreserves-andfattenit.Itwillthenlaygoldeneggs,someofwhichcanbeusedtohelpSingaporeaduringdifficulttimes,andsomekeptforhatchingmoregeese.
IfwehadfollowedMrChiam'sadvicetonileatourgooseeverytimethereisaneconomicdownturn,wewouldhavecookedourowngoosebynow.SoIdonotintendtodipintoourreservestotacklethiscurrentdownturn.
RACE,LANGUAGEANDRELIGION
Foraneffectivesocialcompact,weneedalsoapeoplethatarebondedtoeachotheracrorace,languageandreligiouslines.
Religiousfaithisasourceofstrengthinasociety.WecanbegoodChristia,Buddhists,MuslimsorHindusandbepatrioticSingaporeaatthesametime.Thereisnocontradictionbetweenthetwo.Butweshouldnotchangelong-establishedpracticesthatwillleadtosegregationbetweentheraces,ormakeitmoredifficultforanyonecommunitytointegratewiththerestofoursociety.
Letmeemphasisethatwewantintegration,notaimilation.Integrationisagradual,continuousproce.Wewanttobondthedifferentpiecesofmosaictogether.Bondingistheresultofmutualtrustandunderstanding.Theprocecaotbeforced,becausemutualtrustandunderstandingcaotbeforced.
HELPINGTHELEABLE
NoteveryoneintheSingaporeMountEverestteammadeittothesummit.Onlythestrongermembersdid.However,theothersgavecriticalback-upsuortfromthelowercam.Itwasverymuchateameffort.
Likewise,inoursociety,noteveryoneofuswillbecometopincomeearners.ButwemustofferSingaporeawhofallbehindaseeofhope,forthemselvesandeeciallyfortheirchildren.Otherwise,theywillbecomedisaffectedanddisenchanted,whichwillsourthesocialclimate,anddisruptoureconomicprogre.Wewillhelpeveryoneofyougoashighupasyoucan.AndeverySingaporeanwillshareinandbenefitfromtheteam'ssucce.
Indeed,thestrengthofasocietyismeasuredbythecompaionandcareitsmembershaveforeachother.Themembersmustknowthatiftheyareeverdown,otherswillhelpthemgetup.Iftheycaotturntothemoreableforhelpinadversity,thenthebondsthatholdustogetherwillap.Oursocietywilldisintegrate.
DISINCENTIVESTOWORK
InsharingthefruitsofSingapore'sgrowth,however,wemustnotinadvertentlycreatedisincentivesforSingaporeatotakepersonalreoibilitytofendforthemselves.Otherwise,webuildupacrutchmentality,whichwillleadtoindolence,dependenceandabuse.
HengCheeHow,whowillbeourcandidateinJalanBesarGRC,toldmethisstory.
WhenhewascoveringHougangsomeyearsago,hehandedoutcashtoneedycotituents.Hehandedout$200toasmartlydreedyoungmanwhohadjustlosthisjob.ThemantoldCheeHow,“Youknow,the$200yougavemeisnotevenenoughtomeetthemortgagepaymentonmycar”.CheeHowsaidthathefeltlikepunchingtheyoungmanintheface.
Letmegiveyouanotherexampleofhowsuidiescanbetakenforgranted-utilityrebates.
Inthelastthreeyears,HDBhouseholdshaveseentheirmonthlyutilitybillsincreasebyabout25to35.
Therearetworeasoforthis.First,electricitytariffshavegoneup,becausetheworldpriceoffueloilusedforpowergenerationhasnearlydoubled.Secondly,Singaporeaareusingmoreelectricity.
Doyourealisethatifyouturnonyourair-conditionereverynight,itwillcostyouabout$23amonth?Ifyouusewaterheatersiteadofbathingincoldwater,thatwillcostafamily$15extraamonthinelectricity.
Wecaotcapelectricitypricesassomepeoplehavesuggested.Thatwouldmeandirectlysuidisingthecoumptionofelectricity,andwouldleadtoovercoumption.Sowedecidedtohelphouseholds,eeciallylower-incomehouseholds,throughrebatescreditedtotheirutilitybills.Thisway,ifhouseholdsuseleelectricity,therebateisstilltheirstokeep.OuraroachwastohelpSingaporeacopewithincreasesintheirutilitybillswhileencouragingthemtosaveandnotover-coume.
Iam,however,worriedthatutilityrebateswillbetakenforgranted.Toillustratemypoint,afterweintroducedUtilitiesSavelastyear,doyouknowhowmanythank-youletters1receivedfromthepublic?Onlyone!However,1receivemanyletters-ofcomplaintsonvariousiues.ItshowsthatmanySingaporeatakegoodgovernmentforgranted!好范文版权所有
Iamconcernedaboutthenegativelong-termeffectsoftoocomfortableasafetynetontheattitudeofSingaporea.Butintheneweconomicenvironment,wedoneedtodomoretosuortlower-incomeSingaporea.Hence,1amproposingthenewsocialcompact,aftermuchdeliberation.Weneedtostrikeacarefulbalancebetweenhelpinglower-incomeSingaporea,andnotcreatingadependencymentalityamongourpeople.
THEELDERLYANDTHESINGLES
IhaveaskedtheMinisterstotakeahardlookatthekeyareaswheregrouof
Singaporeaneedecialattention.
Onesuchgroupisourseniorcitize.Theirbiggestconcernismedicalcare.Toaddrethisconcern,theGovernmentwillintroducethreeinitiatives.Theseare:medicalcareforelderlySingaporeasufferingfromchronicailmentssuchasdiabetesandhighbloodpreure;enhancingMedishieldbenefitandanew“Eldershield”schemetoprovideiuranceagaitseverephysicaldisabilities.
LimHngKiangwillaouncethedetailsoftheseinitiativeslater.
AnothergrowinggroupofSingaporeawhorequiresomeattentionarethesingles.Oneoftheirmainconcerishousing.HDBwillnowallowthoseaged35andabovetopurchaseresale3-roomflatsinurbanestates.HDBisalsocoideringstudioapartments,earlierconceivedforelderlySingaporea,asanotherhousingoptionforsingles.
CPFTOP-UP
Atlastyear'sRally,IaouncedaCPFtop-upofbetween$500and$1,700foreacheligibleSingaporean,tobegivenoutintwoequalpayments.ThefirstpaymentwasgiveninJanuarythisyear.WewillmakethesecondpaymentinDecember.
Iwastoldthat187,000eligibleSingaporeamiedoutonthefirstpayment.Thisisapity.
IwanttogivetheseSingaporeaasecondchancetoqualify.Iftheycontributetheminimum$100totheCPFby31October,wewillgivethemboththefirstandsecondpaymentsfortheCPFtop-up.
“NEWSINGAPORE”SHARES
Iwouldalsoliketointroduceanewschemetohelpeeciallylewell-offSingaporea.Iintendtogiveyoushareswhichpayaguaranteeddividendforafixednumberofyears,plusbonuspaymentswhentheeconomydoeswell.
Theseshareswillalsoberedeemableimmediatelyforcash,butnotallatonce.
Iwillcallthisscheme“NewSingapore”Shares.
Iknowyouarewaitingtohearhowmuchyouwillbegiven,butpleasebepatient.Howmuchtowhom,andwhen,willdependonthestateoftheeconomythisyear.IwanttoseethethirdquarterresultsbeforeIdecide.
CONCLUSION
Forourgrowthstrategyandsocialcompacttobeeffective,Singaporemustbecohesiveasanation.
Asglobalisationinteifies,thiswillbecomeevenmorecritical.MoreandmoreSingaporeawillgooverseastostudy,workanddobusine.Wewelcomethis,butwemustalsofindwaystokeeptheirheartshere,sothatwherevertheyare,theywillfeelemotionallytiedtoSingapore,standupforit,andreturnonedaytocontributetoitsgrowth.
SingaporeamustbelievethatthebuildingofSingaporeisanexcitingenterprise.ForSingaporetosurviveinthelongerterm,wemusthaveacoreofSingaporeawhofeelpaionatelythatthisplaceisworthfightingfor.Tosucceed,wemustbeproudofwhoweare,ofourcountryandourfellowcitize.Wemustfeelthattogether,wehavecreatedsomethingpreciousthatbelongstoallSingaporea.
Throughoutworldhistory,nocountryhasremainedrichforever.Countriesgothroughacyclewheretheyarepoor,growproerousandpowerful,thenstarttodecline.
Wehavebecomerichinonegeneration-amiracleperha-buttooquicklyandhencenotdeep-rootedenough.Willwedeclineinthenextgeneration?MycolleaguesandIaredeterminedthatwewillnot.ButweneedthiscoreofSingaporeawhofeelpaionatelyaboutourcountry.Weneedyoursuort.Inthisclimbupthemountainofeconomicdevelopment,wewillequipyoutotacklethenextotacleandtotryforthesummit.Butweneedalsotopullourslowercolleaguesalong,sothattheytoocangohigher.好范文版权所有
Ifwehavethecouragetoconfrontproblemsiteadofskirtingthem,ifwearepreparedtoenduretemporaryhardshi,andifwecanadapttochange,wecancontinuetodobetter.ThisNewSingapore-aglobalcitywithastrongsocialcompact-istheMountEverestwemustachieve.Wemustsucceed,sothatourchildrencanfacetomorrowwithoptimismandconfidence.