美国演讲专家理查德即兴演讲的“四步曲”

第一篇：美国演讲专家理查德即兴演讲的“四步曲”

美国演讲专家理查德即兴演讲的“四步曲”

美国演讲专家理查德总结了一个即兴演讲的‚四步曲‛，这四步是：

1．喂，喂！2．为什么要浪费这个口舌？3．举例。4．怎么办？第一步‚喂，喂！‛提示我们必须首先呼唤起听众的兴趣。理查德说：‚不要平铺直叙地开始演讲：‘今天，我要讲的内容是保障行人生命安全……’你最好这样开头：‘在上星期四，特购的450具晶莹闪亮的棺材已运到了我们的城市……’‛理查德设计的这一开头语虽然不符合我们中国人的忌讳心理，但它无疑具有一种先声夺人的气势，它能激听众之疑，使他们很想弄清事情的究竟。

‚为什么要费这个口舌‛是第二步。理查德说，接下去你应向听众讲明为什么应当听你演讲。若谈交通安全问题，可这样讲：‚不讲交通安全，那订购的450具棺材也许在等待着我，等待着你，等待着我们的亲人。‛理查德所讲述的‚为什么‛既联系着‚我‛（演讲者），又联系着‚你‛（听讲者），还联系着会场外你我有关系的千千万万的‚亲人‛，这就使所有的与会者不知不觉地成了他的‚俘虏‛，在心理上与他产生了共鸣。

紧接着的第三步为‚举例‛。理查德指出，比如谈交通安全问题，你若用活生生的事例来说明那些会使人们送命的潜在因素，远比只讲那些干巴巴的条文要好得多。事实上，演讲的传播媒介主要是口语，辅之以体态语。与书面语相比，口语和体态语在传达事例方面比传达条文更具有优势。特别是即兴演讲，我们更要注意在这方面扬长避短。‚怎么办‛是最后一步。理查德要求演讲者注意的是，这一步一定要告诉听众你谈了老半天是想让人家做些什么，最好能讲得生动一点、具体一点、实际一点。从根本上说，‚怎么办‛是演讲者的目的所在，如果演讲者忘记了这一步，或者这一步处理不好，就会给听众留下无的放矢或不知所云的感觉。

理查德还认为，‚为什么‛和‚举例‛这两部分如同馅饼里的馅，味道全在这里面。但是，这两部分要与引人注意的‚喂，喂‛和结尾的‚怎么办‛相呼应。

掌握理查德的‚四步曲‛，能使我们在大庭广众之中泰然自若地、有条不紊地陈述自己的观点，而不会陷入张口结舌、东扯西拉的窘境。

第二篇：美国演讲专家理查德即兴演讲的“四步曲”

即兴演讲通常是在一家的场合下，演讲者事先未作准备，只是根据需要而作的临时发言。因此，即兴演讲在思维的敏捷性、语言的逻辑性和口头达的雄辩性方面都有更高的要求。

如何做好即兴演讲，避免因措手不及而陷入难堪的境地呢？美国演讲专家理查德总结了一个即兴演讲的“四步曲”，这四步是：1，喂，喂!2，为什么要浪费这个口舌？3，举例。4，怎么办？

第一步“喂，喂!”提示我们必须首先呼唤起听众的兴趣。理查德说：“不要平铺直叙地开始演讲：‘今天，我要讲的内容是保障行人生命安全……’你最好这样开头：‘在上星期四，特购的450具晶莹闪亮的棺材已运到了我们的城市……’”理查德设计的这一开头语虽然不符合我们中国人的忌讳心理，但它无疑具有一种先声夺人的气势，它能激听众之疑，使他们很想弄清事情的究竟。

“为什么要费这个口舌”是第二步。理查德说，接下去你应向听众讲明为什么应当听你演讲。若谈交通安全问题，可这样讲：“不讲交通安全，那订购的450具棺材也许在等 待着我，等待着你，等待着我们的亲人。”理查德所讲述的“为什么”既联系着“我”(演讲者)，又联系着“你”(听讲者)，还联系着场外你我有关系的千千万万的“亲人”，这就使所有的与会者不知不觉地成了他的“俘虏”，在心理上与他产生了共鸣。

紧接着的第三步为“举例”。理查德指出，比如谈交通安全问题，你若用活生生的事例来说明那些会使人们送命的潜在因素，远比只讲那些干巴巴的条文要好得多。事实上，演讲的传播媒介主要是口语，辅之以体态语。与书面语相比，口语和体态语。与书面语相比，口语和体态语在传达事例方面比传达条文更具有优势。特别是即兴演讲，我们更要注意在这方面扬长避短。

“怎么办”是最后一步。理查德要求演讲者注意的是，这一步一定要告诉听众你谈了老半天是想让人家做些什么，最好能讲得生动一点、具体一点、实际一点。从根本上说，“怎么办”是演讲者的目的所在，如果演讲者忘记了这一步，或者这一步处理不好，就会给听众留下无的放矢或不知所云的感觉。

理查德还认为，“为什么”和“举例”这两部分如同馅饼里馅，味道全在这里面。但是，这两部分要与引人注意的“喂，喂”和结尾的“怎么办”相呼应。

掌握理查德的“四步曲”，能使我们在大庭广众之中泰然自若地，有条不紊地陈述自己的观点，而不会陷入张口结舌、东扯西拉的窘境。

美国演讲专家理查德即兴演讲的“四步曲”一文由www.xiexiebang.com搜集整理，版权归作者所有,转载请注明出处!

第三篇：即兴演讲材料

1.一则广告 ：一个小男孩正在放风筝,可是风筝却挂在了树枝上,只有踩在公园的椅子上才能拿到,他为了不使椅子弄脏,拿出一张废纸垫在上面,然后站在废纸上取下了风筝。看了这则广告，结合你身边的事例，谈谈你的看法。

2.二战期间，当众人对英国是否会向法国一样沦为亡国的境地时，丘吉尔首相发表了一篇举世震惊的演讲。该演讲只有三句话：第一句——永不放弃；第二句——永远永远不要放弃；第三句——永远、永远、永远都不要放弃。谈谈你的理解。

3.有一个老太太她不快乐，她忧伤，她焦虑，她有两个儿子，大儿子是卖伞的，二儿子是染布的。天下雨，她焦虑，天下雨了，我的二儿子的布怎么晾得干啊；天晴了，她焦虑，我大儿子的伞怎么卖得出去啊？换一种思维，天下雨她高兴，我大儿子的伞卖得出去了。天晴了，她也高兴，我二儿子的布晾得干了。我都高兴，下雨也高兴，睛天也高兴，换一个角度。试以“角度”为题即兴演讲。

4.都说犹太人是世界上是最聪明的人，他们说：卖豆子的人最快乐，因为他们永远不担心豆子卖不出去。豆子卖不出去磨成豆浆可能卖，豆浆卖不了就制成豆腐，豆腐卖不了就制成豆腐干，再卖不了就腌豆腐乳；或者用豆子发豆芽，豆芽长大成豆苗„„看卖豆子人豁达、乐观，遇事总是以积极的心态对待，这样才能达到真正的内心和谐！请以“谈内心和谐”为题作即兴演讲。

5.一位义工朋友说：请勿随意丢弃废旧电池，一个5号电池可将5平方米土地重金属污染达50年！还有一位义工朋友说：善占51%，恶就输了。我们不知道一生要碰到什么样的事情，这是命；但我们可以决定用什么态度去面对，这是运。请以“谁在主宰地球的命运”为题作即兴演讲。

6.这是一首歌：昨天所有的荣誉，已变成遥远的回忆；勤勤苦苦已度过半生，今夜重又走入风雨；我不能随波浮沉，为了我致爱的亲人；再苦再难也要坚强，只为那些期待眼神；心若在梦就在，天地之间还有真爱；看成败人生豪迈，只不过是从头再来。请以“从头再来”为题作即兴演讲

7.天使没有了翅膀会怎样 你说：会被上帝遗弃，从此离开天堂。他说：你错了，她会落到我的身旁，陪我看日落斜阳。我说：其实你们都错了，因为我会留在她身边，一起陪着她看地老天荒„„。你怎么看？

8.2008年10月3日，陕西省安康市镇平县城关镇文彩村村民周正龙拍摄到清晰地野生华南虎照片，经鉴定为真。但是几天后许多人指出了图片的疑点。最后经调查确定图片为假，当事人被判刑。对此事件谈谈你的看法。

9.有人说：富家不用买良田，书中自有千锺粟；安居不用架高楼，书中自有黄金屋；娶妻莫恨无良媒，书中自有颜如玉；出门莫恨无人随，书中车马多如簇。培根说“知识就是力量”，这个论断传到崇尚书本里淘金的中国，就变成了“知识改变命运”。对否？错否？请以“知识真的能够改变命运吗”为题作即兴演讲。

10.张爱玲女士曾经说过这样一句话：“对于三十岁以后的人来说，十年八年不过是指缝间的事；而对于年轻人而言，三年五年就可以是一生一世。”（选自《十八春》）请以此为话题进行演讲。

第四篇：即兴演讲

一 3分钟的即兴演讲需要500字左右。

二 几种开头和结尾：

1.1.I’m going to talk to you today about。。

2.How many of you know exactly。。

3.Who would give you everything without remembering? Who would give you helping hand even though you're pointed by many fingers? Who would....(类似的句子）? The answer is----your mother.4.我认为在班上的话，除了同学就是老师，所以没必要用ladies and gentlemen～直接说dear teacher, dear friends(或者boys and girls),good ~(morning, afternoon……)。Today I'd like to talk something about……然后就接正文了

说完之后，Ok, that's all ,thanks for listening!

5.演讲英语不用太在意漂亮的词汇。上口，易懂就可以了。

Everyone has different ideas about angel.In our deep heart, there always be an angel.But, have you ever think about what her name is?

Now, let me tell you this story.At last, I'm sure that you all know the name of angel, don't you?

6.Introduction: Hi everybody, today my topic is about the good habit in our life.So, what does “Good Habit” mean?...How are you guys feeling right now? Be curious? Nope, yeah?Ok, let me do gratify your curiosity, anyway.Body: First....second....third....Conclusion: That's it.We have known several habits which could be really amazing if you do them from now on.And...believe me...I am not fooling you, never!All right, now it's（下一个同学的名字或老师)time.Thank you everyone!

7.Thank you for the questions.8.演讲套话 As we all konw就像我们都知道的那样On the other hand另一方面

But let me tell you但是让我告诉你I beg to differ可以用来强调区别，但只能在演讲中用一次 HoweverThis much I believe;this much I hope结尾希望能帮到你

9.Good morning, ladies and gentlemen,I’m …, I’m from… first of all ,allow me to show my respect to my resonable xxx, to my repectabel xxx ,and to my dearxxx(一般都有几种人，可以分批讲，这样既能表现尊重，又可以弄点话出来）Today what i am going to say is xxx(开你的内容）

完了以后。

再重复一次开始的话，TO XX,TO XXX,TO XXX,I finished my speech.Thank you.Hope all of your will be happy and be rich.方式方法

在两个话题间过渡

-Having dealt with A, I now want to move on to B.-From A, it follows that...B

-You may have noticed that in A,….now in B.-As a consequence of A..., B...-Although in A we showed..., in B...-One exception to A is...B

-...and this leads us to...-...which brings me to my next point...-So much for A, let's look at B.-That covers A, so what about B?

-If we're all happy with that, where do we go from here?

-As regards(X), however, the situation is somewhat different.次要话题

-In this context it is worth mentioning...-As an extension of this...-It's also true that...-One further point to add is..-If I can diGREss for a moment...-Perhaps I might also mention that...-As an afterthought,(how, what)about...-I will just touch on one other point in passing...-Before we leave this subject, it's worth saying that...回归主题

-But this is taking us away from the main theme...-To return to the main point/subject.-Picking up where we left off

-As I was saying before that diGREssion/interruption.-To continue the main discussion...-Going back to what I was saying...-I mentioned earlier...阐述两个要点间的联系

-As I said earlier/before...-You will recall that earlier I said...-You may have been wondering why I said...-When I was talking about this point earlier I said...-In my introduction I said...-Five minutes ago I said...-You may have noticed that...-I mentioned earlier that...-Let me pick up a reference made earlier to...结束语

-In conclusion, I'd like to…

-I'd like to finish by…

-Finally…

-By way of conclusion…

-I hope I have made myself understood

-I hope you have found this useful

-I hope this has given you some idea/clear idea/an outline of…

-Let me end by saying…

-That, then was all I had to say on…

-That concludes our presentation…

-I hope I've managed to give you a clearer picture of…

-If there are any questions, I'd be delighted to…

-Thank you for your attention…

-Let's break for a coffee at this point

-I am afraid that the clock is against us, so we had better stop here

-You have been a very attentive audience---thank you

三 在短时间的英语演讲中说些什么才能给别人留下深刻印象呢？

话题方面可以选一些大家感兴趣的，或是最近网上火的一些事情。比如说，可以谈谈你对犀利哥的看法、对凤姐征婚的看法、对肯德基用地沟油的看法，等等。

其实要引起别人注意，你可以在演讲中加入些新词新句，也可以在其中加些搞笑或讽刺但能唤起人们思考的一些看法或提出问题等都可以。

总之，演讲中要做到引起注意，就要：话题、语言、表情具有吸引力，不乏幽默感

情绪好。别紧张、当下边全是白菜就好了。嘻嘻。一定要有感染力，有感情。语速别太快哦！

四 几个热门演讲内容

感恩

My dearest family and friends,It is difficult to express my gratitude and love to you all.I want to say so much, but I can hardly find the words.So I’ll just say that you are the greatest blessing in my life.This evening is the expression of your love to me, I realize this, but also it is the event when I see all of you gathered in the same place.Thank you!Thank you for being with me all that difficult time.Your support and understanding gave me the strength to continue fighting.Without you I would give up.But then you would come or call and I would remember why I am so in love with this wonderful life-because of you.You are my world, and I am sincerely grateful to God for giving me such loving family and caring friends.Your support was crucial for me this year, when I achieved much due to your help.Love and gratitude-this is what I feel standing now in front of you.Love and gratitude-these are the best emotions one can imagine.I am happy to love you and to be grateful to you.I know that you love me too.I would like to assure you that my goal in life is to become as wonderful as you think I am.As far as this goal attainment requires much effort, skills and time, I hope that you’ll help me in it, as always, I deeply appreciate your support.Thank you for being with me.Thank you very much!

参考译文：

我亲爱的家人和朋友们，要向你们表达我的感激之情溢于言表。我想说的有很多，但我真的一言难尽。所以，我想说的是，你是我生命中最美好的恩赐。今晚的感恩节就是你们对我的爱的表达，我确实能体会到这一点，更重要的是，今晚我见证了大家都团聚在一起。

谢谢，谢谢你们与我共度时艰。你们的支持与理解给予我继续奋斗的力量。没有你们，我或许已经放弃了。（在那困难的时期）你会来到我的身边或给我打电话，这都能让我记起我是如此热爱生活——这都是因为你。你们是我的全部，我真诚地感激上帝赐予我可爱的家人和亲切的朋友。这一年你们对我的支持万分重要，我所取得的成就与你们的帮助是分不开的。

爱与感恩——这就是此刻我站在这里所能感受到的。爱与感恩——这是每一个人都能够想象到的最美妙的情感。能够爱你们、表达对你们的感激，我感到很幸福。我知道你们也爱我。我向你们保证，我人生的目标就是变得像你们所期待的那样精彩。要达到这个目标需要付出许多的努力、能力和时间，我希望你们能帮助我达成这一目标，一如既往。我深深的感激你们的支持。感谢与我一同走过。

非常感谢！

Life is in your hands, you go beyond excellent开头结尾Life is difficult ,but it'also easy.It's important for us to understand.If you think life is difficult ,you should laugh , laugh is the best way。Your life is youeself, so life is your hands.Life is colorful.We should understand life and study life.My Definition of Success

成功之我见

Once upon a time，there was a king who had a daughter as beautiful as a blooming rose.To all the suitors who came to the king's palace to ask for the hand of the princess, the old king assigned three tasks to be accomplished, each next to impossible.One day, into the king's palace came a handsome young prince...“ Well, you know the rest.The three tasks may be different in different versions, but the main plot is always the same, with the prince claiming the princess's hand triumphantly.And the ending is always the same, finishing with the line ”And they live happily every after.“

Why aren't we tired of something so fanciful, so unrealistic, and, I would say, so unimaginative? How can a story like that endure generations of repetition? Because, I think, it is a typical success story.It is highly philosophical and symbolic.By implication, we see a 4-step definition of success: 1)a goal to be set，as represented by the beautiful princess;2)challenges to be met, as represented by the three tasks;3)the process of surmounting difficulties, as represented by the ordeals the youth goes through;and 4)the reward of success, as represented by the happy marriage.The story not only caters to everyone's inward yearning for success, but also emphasizes the inseparability of the process and the result.The reward of success will be much amplified if the path leading towards it is treacherous, and vice versa.If a person inherits his father's millions and leads an easy life, he is not a successful person even in material terms, because there are no difficulties involved in his achieving affluence.The term ”success“, to be sure，will not sit still for easy definition.But as I understand it, the true meaning of success entails a combination of both the process and the satisfactory result of an endeavor.To clarify my view, let me give another analogy.If we changed the rules of football, greatly enlarged the goal and sent away David Seaman or any other goal keeper, so that another David, namely David Beckham, could score easily, then scoring would not give him the thrill of accomplishment and the joy that it brings.If we further changed the rules by not allowing Arsenal's defenders to defend, so that Beckham needed only to lift a finger, actually a toe, to score, then there would be no game at all, because the meaning of winning would have disappeared.In accepting the challenge, in surmounting the difficulties and in enduring the hardship, success acquires its value.The sense of attainment varies in proportion to the degree of difficulties on overcomes.The concept of success is not constant but relative because the nature of difficulty is also relative.Something you do effortlessly might pose a great difficulty for a handicapped person.In acquiring the ability to do the same as you can, he or she achieve success.That's why we greatly admire Stephen Hawking, because, though confined to a wheel chair, he has contributed greatly to the field of science.I myself, a rather shy person by nature who easily suffers from stage fright, had to pluck up great courage to take part in a speech contest like this.I could have stayed away and had an easy time of it by not entering the university level contest.But I chose to accept the challenge and to face the difficulties.Now here I am.If I come out first, it will be a great success for me.If I come out last-I hope this will not be the case-but if I come out last, I will not call my attempt a failure, but will also celebrate it as a true success, because part of my goal is my own character training-to do more assertive, to be brave in face of difficulties.For me, it is a meaningful step forward, small as it is, in the long journey toward the final success in my life, because I have truly gained by participating.Let us return to our handsome young prince and the 4-step definition of success.You my have noticed that the usual worldly criteria of wealth, position and fame were not mentioned as part of the story, but rather, it emphasized the process of overcoming difficulties.The ancient wisdom had already defined the meaning of success, and this is my definition, too.Thank you.爱祖国先确定整个演讲结构在说句型和角度。三分钟其实说不了很多。总分总结构就好了，一到两句总起句提出论点，然后进一步解释论点，然后对这个论点举例子，最后再总结一下基本就OK了，三分钟差不多！句型就要看你的英语水平了，你是什么水平就能写出什么句型，也就是说你会什么句型就写什么就好了，通常口语也没有特别复杂的句子出现。

Thank you for your question.Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen.My topic of today's speech is ”Make our Voice Heard.“ Today I would like to argue in two park.First, I would like to argue why people are afraid that literatures will set a negative effect on our lives.And second part I will share some of my thoughts with you.开宗明义。演讲人首先明确的告知听众演讲的主题，使用brief introduction sentence to get attention。在临场的匆忙之中仍然想出来一个很好的题目Make Our Voice Heard，并且将自己的论述分为两部分，有条不紊，令人感叹。

Ladies and gentlemen, it is what I think for that struggle for stardom.Thank you very much.通过Ladies and gentlemen提示听众演讲接近尾声，重提主持人的问题，以告知听众她一直围绕这个主题展开演讲，给听众一个完整的结尾。

Race with time

I’m sure everyone has heard of the famous chinese saying-one second is worth in gold, but gold can not by time.We are taught to treasure time at a very young age, but do we know how improtant time is really?我相信大家都曾听过一个出名的谚语——一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴。我们从小就被教导要珍惜时间，可是我们真的理解时间的重要性吗？Lets begin with something simple: your life is made up of seconds and hours.wasting time is a form of suiciding, expect its slowier and harder to realise.Lets think about it this way, you spent two hours playing on computer, the only result you got is that the character in the game has gotten stronger.but that is fantacy, not realistic.the two hour you spent on games is two hours in your life that youll NEVER get back.先从浅白的开始吧。生命是由时间组成的。浪费时间就是变向自杀，可是这很容易被人忽略。这样想吧，你花了两个小时玩游戏，最后的成果就是你的人物变得更强了。可是这是虚拟的，不是真实的。你在游戏上花的两个小时永远已经被你用了，是永远不可能在回来的。So what should we do about it? dont think that ”im young, i have plenty of time in my life“ or ”what the heck is he/she talking about", this is closely related to you.We should start organise our time, and make use of every second, so that we have no time to waste.那我们应该怎么办？不要想“我很年轻，最不缺的就是时间”或者“这个人到底在说什么废话啊”，这和你可是有很大的关系。我们应该好好管理自己的时间，利用每一分钟，这样我们才不会浪费自己的生命。Keep that in mind--the time you are wasting are the time you will NEVER get back.thank you.记住这个——你用掉的时间就是用掉了，永远都不会回来。谢谢。

五参考题目

my dream

my favourite singers(film stars)

do something to protect the environment

河南省第四届（2009）英语周报杯中学生英语综合技能展评初中组演讲题目

1．Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。

2．Two heads are better than one.三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。

3．An early bird catches worms.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。

4．A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。

5.A journey of a thousand miles begains with a single step.千里之行，始于足下。

6.A lazy youth, a lousy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

7.A life without a friend is a life without a sun.人生在世无朋友，犹如生活无太阳。

8.All men cannot be first.不可能人人都得第一名。

9.Don't climb a tree to look for fish.勿缘木求鱼。

10.Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事，今日毕。

11.Every coin has two sides.凡事都有两面性。

12.Every pleasure has a pain.乐中必有苦。

13.Experience is the best teacher.经验是良师。

14.Friendship is love with understanding.友谊是爱加上谅解。

15.God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助之。

16.Honesty is the best policy.诚实是上策。

河南省第四届英语周报杯中学生英语综合技能展评高中组演讲题目

1．A friend is a second self.朋友即自我。

2.Better late than never.迟做总比不做好。

3.A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口，忠言逆耳。

4.A life without a purpose is a ship without a rudder.人生无目的，犹如船失去了舵。

5.All time is no time when it is past.光阴一去不复返。

6.A smooth sea never made a skillful mariner.平静的海洋练不出熟练的水手。

7.A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者必善其终。

8.By doing we learn.经一事，长一智。

9.Custom is a second nature.习惯是第二天性。

10.Diamond cut diamond.强中更有强中手。

11.Doubt is the key of knowledge.怀疑乃知识的钥匙。

12.Each man is the architect of his own fate.命运掌握在自己手中。

13.Every man is the master of his own fortune.每个人都是他自己的命运的主宰。

14.Experience is the mother of wisdom.智慧来自经验。

15.Good health is above wealth.健康重于财富。

16.I am not what I used to be.今日之我已非昔日之我。

17.Jack of all trades is of no trade.万事皆通，一无所长。

18.Time is money, but money is not time.时间就是金钱，但金钱不是时间。

19.Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。

20.Rome was not built in a day.罗马不是一日建成的。

六注意事项

1.英语演讲稿的基本组成部分

从大的方面看，英语演讲词实际上是属于一种特殊的说明文或议论文，其基本组成部分是：

1)开始时对听众的称呼语

最常用的是 Ladies and gentlemen，也可根据不同情况，选用 Fellow students, Distinguished guests, Mr.Chairman, Honorable Judges(评委)等等。

2)提出论题

由于演讲的时间限制，必须开门见山，提出论题。提出论题的方法有各种各样，但最生动，最能引起注意的是用举例法。比如：你要写校园生活你可以从描述美丽的校园生活开始；你要呼吁大家关心贫穷地区的孩子，你可以用亲眼看到的或者收集到的那些贫穷孩子多么需要帮助的实例开始。另外，用具体的统计数据也是一个有效的引出论题的方法，比如：你要谈遵守交通规则的话题，你可以从举一系列有关车辆、车祸等的数据开始。

3)论证

对提出的论题，不可主观地妄下结论，而要进行客观的论证。这是演讲中最需要下功夫的部分。关键是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等等，可参见英语议论文的有关章节。

4)结论

结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。

5)结尾

结尾要简洁，不要拉拉扯扯，说个没完。特别是不要受汉语影响，说些类似“准备不足，请谅解”，“请批评指正”这样的废话。最普通的结尾就是：Thank you very much for your attention。

2.英语演讲稿的语言特征

1)多用实词，多用短句，少用结构复杂的长句

在英语演讲中，and, but, so, then 等虚词要尽量少用，that, which等词引导的定语从句也只会使句子结构变得复杂，而使听众难以跟上演讲者的思路，从而影响演讲的效果。相反，多使用实词，短句，可使得演讲内容更清晰，气势更磅礴。

2)演讲要注意使用各种修辞手法，增加演讲的感染力和气势。英语演讲中常用的修辞手法有：渐进、对照、排比、警句等等，例如：

That government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth．(排比)

这个民有、民治、民享的国家将不会从地球上消失。

United, there is little we can not do;divided, there is little we can do．(对照)

团结，我们便将无所不能；分裂，我们则会一事无成。

What we should fear most is the fear itself．(警句)

我们最应恐惧的是恐惧本身。

Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country．(对照)

不要问你们的国家能为你们做些什么，而要问你们能为你们的国家做些什么。

第五篇：即兴演讲

即兴演讲

蔡一铭

这是一个人人需要演讲的时代，演讲不再限于正式场合，随时随地、简短便捷，只要有即兴交流的需要，就可以称之为即兴演讲。

精彩的即兴表达，不但能够为你塑造良好的个人形象，还能让你展示自己的专业能力。

有些人发言语无伦次，舌头像打了结。有些人一开讲便滔滔不绝，却毫无重点。有些人说话索然无味，没法让你投以关注。

有人说，即兴表达能力强的人，都是天赋异禀的佼佼者，其实是他们经过大量的练习，掌握了成熟的演讲技巧与思路。那么：

如何在所有即兴情境中，游刃有余地表达？如何掌控此时此刻，用说话影响他人？如何即刻表达内心想法，抓住听众需求？如何一开口便充满自信、逻辑清楚？

即兴演讲的作用越来越大，但是，我们大多数人都从未专门学习过即兴沟通。一铭招商《总裁招商落地系统》课堂上，一铭老师为我们展示一套系统的即兴演讲方法，与大家分享如何在任何场所中实现瞬间有效表达。

即兴演讲让你说出影响力

“即兴”并不是临场发挥，不是不经思考地脱口而出。它和准备正式讲话一样，需要技巧也需要练习。学会即兴演讲，将带来引人注目的力量。

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非正式对话可能发生在电梯间、停车场、餐厅等任何地方。而你可能在这些场景中遇到老板、员工、同事或者客户，相遇的时刻，你都可以用来影响和激励他人。

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即兴交流搭建了理解的桥梁。它将企业不同层次、不同领域的人汇集起来，促进大家分享信息和想法。

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即兴会议是当今组织的运行常态。即兴交流促使我们及时解决问题和及时反馈。即兴领导力可以加快决策，领导者通过给予员工一些前瞻性的指导和辅导，更能及时推动项目的发展，带来更好的决策。

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当说话者抛弃稿子讲话时，表达会更真实自然，让人觉得真实可信。同时，也拉近了说话者与听众的距离。

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即兴交流时，如果一个人能快速提出见解、倾听、回应，再接着做其它事。这种敏捷的反应力，使人充满魅力。

即兴演讲四部曲

让你像领导者一样精准表达

课堂上，一铭老师通过“框架思维”的运用，教大家做好3分钟即兴演讲。如何在3分钟清晰讲好一件事情？老师与我们分享即兴演讲的四步骤：

“立马举例分享感受-号召呼吁”

演讲者不仅要通过声音表达自己的思想、观点、价值观；也要通过演讲，传达自己的结果和目的，用语言链接他人、触动他人、影响他人，从而改变听众的行为、改变听众的思维。

演讲也是要有输出的方法，比如通过一个道理、一个故事、一些数据，这样更能够打动人、给人留下深刻印象。在课堂上，学员上台演练环节，老师针对每个学员的一对一指导，帮助每个学员有框架地、有体系的即兴表达，更好地输出思想、观点。

通过老师的指导，随机选题上台演讲后，学员课后反馈各自收获：

“通过一铭老师的指导，我对演讲内容，被梳理得更加清晰、更加画面感。”

“以前日常上台我感觉我的语言系统都坏了，说话没思路没逻辑，但是，通过一铭老师的帮助，感觉这一期课程没白来！”

“上台之前我真的是语言的逻辑没有打通，没有思维，特别紧张，一铭老师的引导加入了一个主题，联系到自己的经历和故事，演讲很自如，台下听众也听得很认真，效果真的不一样了！”

马云曾说：“有思想而不会表达的人，等于没有思想。”即兴演讲可以帮助每个演讲者最短时间内在听众中传达思想，可以毫不夸张地说：即兴演讲是每个领导者的必备的技能。

即兴演讲放大影响力

《总裁招商落地系统》课堂一开始老师就通过“即兴演讲”的方式，教我们梳理演讲的框架，其实，演讲者的每次说话都是一个潜在的领导力时刻，做好准备，就能放大这个时刻的影响力。

因为你说的话，是别人记住你的最快途径。那些即兴表达能力强的人，一开口就赢得了更多机会。在这个飞速发展的时代，人们沟通方式也趋向高效，即兴演讲、高效交流由此变得越来越重要。

因为即兴演讲是面对面沟通，能让人直接感知我们的重视。能促进人们更好地交流感情、建立信任，获得听众信任的最好办法，就是面对面沟通。

因为你的每次发言都是，个人形象的塑造，和个人IP的输出。在这个注重打造个人IP的风口浪尖，掌握了即兴演讲，随时在任何场合发表演讲，便能产生巨大的影响力，老师的《总裁招商落地系统》之IP思维，就是引导每个领导者应当塑造自己的个人IP，因为它能形成口碑效应，在人与人之间传播，具备了即兴演讲能力，有了即兴思维，做事自然水到渠成。