第一篇:城市规划专业的工作自荐信
城市规划专业的工作自荐信
在现在的社会生活中,大家逐渐认识到自荐信的重要性,通过自荐信,我们可以达到自我推荐的目的。来参考自己需要的自荐信吧!下面是小编帮大家整理的城市规划专业的.工作自荐信,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。
尊敬的领导:
您好!
感谢您在百忙中翻阅我的自荐信!
我是XX理工大学城市规划专业的大四在校学生,即将顺利毕业并获得工学学士学位。近期获知贵公司正在招聘实习生,我对这一岗位非常感兴趣,并对加入土地拓展、规划设计类部门以发挥我的专业所长十分期盼,希望能把自己培养成为适合贵公司未来发展的人才。虽然作为在读本科生,我相对缺乏工作经验,但是作为规划专业的学生,长期以来我们通过大量的真实项目作为设计锻炼,得到了不少模拟真实工作的机会,培养了较强的适应能力和工作能力,因此我自信能很快的熟悉并投入到工作当中。
在校期间,我曾任校XXX学生创新中心南校区广播站的美工部干事,负责各类宣传、设计以及活动布置等工作,培养了较强的工作能力与协调适应能力。此外,还利用课余时间安排各种社会实践工作,先后于XX设计院、XX画廊实习,累积了一定的社会经验,提前适应了学校以外的工作环境。
我很希望能加盟贵公司,并为贵公司的发展贡献自己的一份力量。随信附上我的中文简历。如有机会与您面谈,我将十分感谢。谨祝贵公司业绩蒸蒸日上!
此致
敬礼!
自荐人:XXX
XXXX年XX月XX日
第二篇:城市规划专业应届毕业生的自荐信
尊敬的领导:
您好!我叫xiexiebang,是XX学院城市规划2013年好范文。能成为一名园林设计师,是我梦寐追求的目标,在此择业之际,我真诚的向贵公司推荐自己。
在四年的学习中,我的专业成绩一直居于本专业上等水平,曾连续两年获得学校“自立自强先进个人”和“青年志愿者先进个人”称号。在学好了本专业基础知识的同时,我还尽自己所能的拓宽了自己的知识面,在专业技能方面,我先后掌握了AutoCAD,photoshop等专业软件的使用,使自己更有能力去做好今后的工作。
在能力锻炼上,我积极参加各种社会实践活动,在大学四年期间,积极参加每一学年的社会实践小分队,曾经在冷冻厂里面打过工,在酒店当过服务生,作为志愿者在小学进行义务教育,在园林设计公司进行实习,社会实践经验可谓非常丰富。从而大大提升了自己的组织能力、协作能力、交际能力和处事应变等能力,为我今后能更好地为贵公司工作奠定了能力基础。
在思想方面,我努力提高自己的政治觉悟和道德修养并积极向党组织靠拢,向党总支递交了入党申请书,同时已经在党校结业,获得结业证书。
作为一名即将踏入社会的大学生,我深知过去并不代表未来,勤奋才是真正的内涵。我相信以我的热忱与努力定会胜任贵公司的职务,并十分乐于将来能同贵公司同事共事合作相处,为贵公司献上自己的才能和智慧!但“扬帆启航,还赖您东风助力”,我愿随时接受您的面试,真诚切盼您的回音!
再次感谢您能关注我的自荐材料,最后衷心祝愿贵单位事业发达、蒸蒸日上!
此致
敬礼!
自荐人:xiexiebang
第三篇:城市规划专业排名
城市规划专业排名
城市规划专业排名
第一名:同济大学,原同济大学建筑系于1952年全国高等学校院系调整时合并而成,同年,同济大学由金经昌教授主持在国内首先创办了城市规划专业,当时的名称为都市计划与经营专业,并设立都市计划教研室。1956年该专业分为城市规划专业和城市建设工程专业。1960年开始招收城市规划专业硕士研究生。1986年成立城市规划系。1986年开始招收城市规划专业博士研究生,1992年设博士后流动站。同济大学城市规划专业是全国重点学科。设城市规划与设计专业硕土点,含城市和区域发展、城市设计、城市交通规划、住房和社区发展、城市发展历
史与遗产保护、城市开发与规划管理、城市规划技术方法、风景园林规划与设计八个研究方向;设城市规划与设计专业博士点,并设有一个博土后流动站。
第二名:东南大学,东南大学建筑学院创建于1927年,历史悠久,是中国最早的建筑教育基地。著名建筑家、建筑教育家杨廷宝、刘敦桢、童寯教授生前长期在此任教,从事学术研究,为建筑学科的建设和发展做出了开创性的贡献。城市规划专业以城市物质形态规划为主线,规划设计和规划理论为核心课程,学习相关专业理论课及专业基础课,并参加若干实践性教学环节,以培养学生具有作为未来规划师和规划高级管理者应有的素质和修养。本专业注重规划综合素质教育和专业能力训练,注重开放性教育,培养学生社会适应能力。xx年本专业通过国家城市规划专业评估,获A级优秀。本专业是江苏省品牌专业。建筑学为国家一级学科,含有建筑设计
及其理论、建筑历史与理论、城市规划与设计、建筑技术科学、景观建筑学、建筑遗产保护与管理和美术学等学科,六个博士点、七个硕士点、一个博士后流动站和一个国家级专业实验室,学院的专业图书中心藏书量居全国建筑院系的前列。拥有城市规划设计研究院(甲级)、联合国教科文组织(UNESco)GIS中国培训中心。
第三名:华中科技大学,城市规划专业沿袭于当初的建设部直属的武汉城市建设学院,1979年在武汉建筑材料工业学院建筑工程系开办了城市规划专业,至1983年共招收了5届共5班城市规划专业学生170人。1985年2月,武汉建材学院的城市规划专业在校三个班搬迁至武汉城建学院新校园,并成立武汉城建学院城市规划系,下设城市规划和风景园林两个专业。1993年武汉城建学院系部调整,风景园林系撤销,并入城市规划系;城市管理系撤销,其中城市管理专业的部分城市规划专业教师并
入城市规划系,成立新的城市规划与建筑系,下辖建筑学、城市规划两个专业。2000年5月原华中理工大学建筑学院与原武汉城市建设学院规划建筑系合并成立华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院,华中科技大学城市规划专业是湖北省重点学科.第四名:重庆大学,重庆大学建筑城规学院的前身重庆建筑工程学院建筑系,是 1952 年全国院系调整时由原重庆大学、西南工专等院校的建筑系合并而成,是国内最早的八大建筑院系之一。1994 年学校更名重庆建筑大学,建筑系更名为建筑城规学院; 2000 年新重庆大学组建后,更名为重庆大学建筑城规学院。城市规划专业创办于 20 世纪 50 年代末,是国内最早创办的专业学科之一。1998 年城市规划本科和城市规划与设计硕士研究生国家评估优秀级通过,2000 年建筑学本科和硕士研究生教育第二次国家评估优秀级通过,xx 年城市规划本科与城市规划与设计硕士
研究生第二次国家评估优秀级通过。建筑城规学院有建筑历史与理论、建筑设计及其理论、城市规划与设计、建筑技术科学、景观建筑学、室内设计、设计艺术学七个硕士点;有建筑学以及学科博士学位授权点(包括一级学科所含的四个二级学科博士点),自主建设景观建筑学、室内设计两个博士点;有建筑学一级学科博士后科研流动站;《山地城镇规划与建筑科学》是学校“ 211 工程”重点建设项目。xx年8月20日,教育部正式公布了新一轮国家重点学科评审结果,我院城市规划与设计被确认为国家二级重点学科 范文
第四篇:城市规划专业外语
Urban Planning and the Contradictions of Sustainable Development城市规划与可持续发展的矛盾
In the coming years planners face tough decisions about where they stand on protecting the green city, promoting the economically growing city, and advocating social justice.Conflicts among these goals are not superficial ones arising simply from personal preferences.Nor are they merely conceptual, among the abstract notions of ecological, economic, and political logic, nor a temporary problem caused by the untimely confluence of environmental awareness and economic recession.Rather, these conflicts go to the historic core of planning, and are a leitmotif in the contemporary battles in both our cities and rural areas, whether over solid waste incinerators or growth controls, the spotted owls or nuclear power.And though sustainable development aspires to offer an alluring, holistic way of evading these conflicts, they cannot be shaken off so easily.This paper uses a simple triangular model to understand the divergent priorities of planning.在未来几年规划面临艰难的抉择,他们站在保护绿色城市,促进城市经济增长,并倡导社会正义。之间的冲突,这些目标并不肤浅,而只是从个人喜好。他们也只是概念上的,在抽象的概念,生态,经济,政治逻辑,也不是一个暂时的问题引起的过早融合环保意识和经济衰退。相反,这些冲突到历史核心的规划,是一个主题在现代战争中我们的城市和农村地区,是否在固体废物焚化炉或生长控制,斑点猫头鹰或核电。虽然可持续发展渴望提供一个诱人的,全面的方式逃避这些冲突,他们无法摆脱那么容易。本文利用一个简单的三角模型了解不同的优先计划。
The Planner's Triangle: Three Priorities, Three Conflicts计划的三个重点,三个三角形:冲突 The current environmental enthusiasm among planners and planning schools might suggest their innate predisposition to protect the natural environment.Unfortunately, the opposite is more likely true: our historic tendency has been to promote the development of cities at the cost of natural destruction: to build cities we have cleared forests, fouled rivers and the air, leveled mountains.That is not the complete picture, since planners also have often come to the defense of nature, through the work of conservationists, park planners, open space preservationists, the Regional Planning Association of America, greenbelt planners, and modern environmental planners.Yet along the economic-ecological spectrum, with Robert Moses and Dave Foreman(of Earth First!)standing at either pole, the planner has no natural home, but can slide from one end to the other;moreover, the midpoint has no special claims to legitimacy or fairness.目前的环保热情规划者和规划学校可能表明他们的先天倾向保护自然环境。不幸的是,相反更可能是正确的:我们的历史潮流,是促进城市发展的成本自然破坏:建造城市我们砍伐森林,河流和空气污染,夷山。这是不完整的图片,因为规划者也经常来防御性质,通过工作的保育,园区规划,开放空间的保护主义,区域规划协会的美国,绿地规划,与现代环境规划。然而,在经济和生态频谱,与罗伯特摩西和戴夫福尔曼(地球第一!)站在两极,计划者没有回家,但可以滑动到另一端;此外,中点无特殊要求的合法性和公
Similarly, though planners often see themselves as the defenders of the poor and of socio-economic equality, their actions over the profession's history have often belied that self-image(Harvey 1985).Planners' efforts with downtown redevelopment, freeway planning, public-private partnerships, enterprise zones, smokestack-chasing and other economic development strategies don't easily add up to equity planning.At best, the planner has taken an ambivalent stance between the goals of economic growth and economic justice.同样,尽管规划者往往认为自己是后卫的贫穷和社会平等,他们的行动在专业的历史往往掩盖了形象(哈1985)。计划者们的努力与市区重建计划,高速公路,公私伙伴关系,企业区,smokestack-chasing等经济发展战略不容易总计达股票计划。在最好的,计划采取了一种矛
盾的立场的目标之间的经济增长和经济正义。In short, the planner must reconcile not two, but
at least three conflicting interests: to “grow” the economy, distribute this growth fairly, and in the
process not degrade the ecosystem.To classify contemporary battles over environmental racism,pollution-producing jobs, growth control, etc., as simply clashes between economic growth and
environmental protection misses the third issue, of social justice.The “jobs versus environment”
dichotomy(e.g., the spotted owl versus Pacific Northwest timber jobs)crudely collapses under the
“economy” banner the often differing interests of workers, corporations, community members, and
the national public.The intent of this paper's title is to focus planning not only for “green cities
and growing cities,” but also for “just cities.” 总之,策划者必须不协调,但至少三个利益冲突:
“增长”的经济增长,公平分配,并在这一过程中不破坏生态系统。分类现代战争对环境种
族主义,污染的工作,生长控制,等等,只是经济增长与环境保护之间的冲突的第三个问题,社会正义。“工作与环境”的二分法(例如,斑点猫头鹰与西北太平洋木材工作)未成熟下
崩溃的“经济”的旗帜,往往不同的工人的利益,企业,社区成员,与国家公共。本文的标
题是集中规划不仅为“绿色城市,越来越多的城市,但也为“城市。”
In an ideal world, planners would strive to achieve a balance of all three goals.In practice,however, professional and fiscal constraints drastically limit the leeway of most planners.Serving
the broader public interest by holistically harmonizing growth, preservation, and equality remains
the ideal;the reality of practice restricts planners to serving the narrower interests of their clients,authorities and bureaucracies(Marcuse 1976), despite efforts to work outside those limitations
(Hoffman 1989).In the end, planners usually represent one particular goal--planning perhaps for
increased property tax revenues, or more open space preservation, or better housing for the poor--
while neglecting the other two.Where each planner stands in the triangle depicted in figure 1
defines such professional bias.One may see illustrated in the figure the gap between the call for
integrative, sustainable development planning(the center of the triangle)and the current
fragmentation of professional practice(the edges).This point is developed later.在理想的世界
里,规划者将努力实现平衡的三个目标。在实践中,然而,专业和财政上的限制大大限制了
余地最规划师。为更广泛的公众利益的全面协调发展,保存,和平等是理想的;现实的做法
限制规划为窄客户利益,政府和官僚(马尔库塞1976),尽管努力工作以外的限制(霍夫曼
1989)。最终,规划者通常代表一个特定的目标——规划可能增加财产税的收入,或多个开
放空间的保护,或更好的住房的穷人——而忽视其他2。其中每一员站在三角图1定义等专
业人士的偏见。你可以看到如图所示之间的差距,需要一体化,可持续发展规划(三角形的中心)和目前的分散的专业实践(边)。这一点后。
Figure 1.The triangle of conflicting goals for planning, and the three associated conflicts.Planners define themselves, implicitly, by where they stand on the triangle.The elusive ideal of
sustainable development leads one to the center.图1。三角形的矛盾的目标,规划,和三个相
关的冲突。规划确定自己,含蓄,通过他们的立场上三角。实现理想的可持续发展所导致的一个中心。
The Points(Corners)of the Triangle: the Economy, the Environment, and Equity点(角)的三角
形:经济,环境,和公平
The three types of priorities lead to three perspectives on the city: The economic development
planner sees the city as a location where production, consumption, distribution, and innovation
take place.The city is in competition with other cities for markets and for new industries.Space is
the economic space of highways, market areas, and commuter zones.三种类型的优先导致三个
角度对城市的经济发展计划:将城市作为一个位置,生产,消费,分布,和创新的地方。城
市中的竞争与其他城市市场和新产业。空间经济空间的高速公路,市场领域,和通勤地带。
The environmental planner sees the city as a consumer of resources and a producer of wastes.The
city is in competition with nature for scarce resources and land, and always poses a threat to nature.Space is the ecological space of greenways, river basins, ecological niches.环境规划看城市作为
一种资源消费者和生产者的废物。城市中的竞争与自然稀缺的资源和土地,并一直构成威胁的性质。空间的生态空间通道,流域,生态位。
The equity planner sees the city as a location of conflict over the distribution of resources, of
services, and of opportunities.The competition is within the city itself, among different social
groups.Space is the social space of communities, neighborhood organizations, labor unions: the
space of access and segregation.股权计划把城市作为一个位置的冲突的资源分配,服务,和
机会。竞争是在这个城市本身,不同社会群体之间。空间是社会空间的社区,社区组织,工
会:空间的访问和隔离。
Certainly there are other important views of the city, including the architectural, the psychological,and the circulatory(transportation);and one could conceivably construct a planner's rectangle,pentagon, or more complex polygons.The triangular shape itself is not propounded here as the
underlying geometric structure of the planner's world.Rather, it is useful for its conceptual
simplicity.More importantly, it emphasizes the point that a one-dimensional “man versus
environment” spectrum misses the social conflicts in contemporary environmental disputes, such
as loggers versus the Sierra Club, farmers versus suburban developers, or fishermen versus barge
operators(Reisner 1987;Jacobs 1989;McPhee 1989;Tuason 1993).当然还有其他重要城市的看法,包括建筑,心理,和循环(运输);和一个可以构建一个规划师的矩形,五角大厦,或更复杂的多边形。三角形状的本身是没有提出这里的基本几何结构的策划者的世界。相反,它是有用的概念简单。更重要的是,它强调指出,“人与环境”的一维谱忽略了社会冲突在当代环境纠纷,如伐木与塞拉俱乐部,郊区农民与开发商,或渔民与驳船运营商(莱塞1987;
雅可布1989;麦克菲1989;托尔森1993)。Triangle Axis 1: The Property Conflict三角轴1:
产权冲突
The three points on the triangle represent divergent interests, and therefore lead to three
fundamental conflicts.The first conflict--between economic growth and equity--arises from
competing claims on and uses of property, such as between management and labor, landlords and
tenants, or gentrifying professionals and long-time residents.This growth-equity conflict is further
complicated because each side not only resists the other, but also needs the other for its own
survival.The contradictory tendency for a capitalist, democratic society to define property(such
as housing or land)as a private commodity, but at the same time to rely on government
intervention(e.g., zoning, or public housing for the working class)to ensure the beneficial social
aspects of the same property, is what Richard Foglesong(1986)calls the “property contradiction.”
This tension is generated as the private sector simultaneously resists and needs social intervention,given the intrinsically contradictory nature of property.Indeed, the essence of property in our
society is the tense pulling between these two forces.The conflict defines the boundary between
private interest and the public good.三点的三角形代表不同的利益,并因此导致三个基本矛
盾。第一个冲突——经济增长与公平——来自竞争的要求和用途的物业,如之间的管理和劳
动,房东和房客,或gentrifying专业人员和长期居民。这growth-equity冲突进一步复杂化
因为每一方不仅抵抗其他,但还需要其他为自身的生存。矛盾的趋势,资本主义,民主社会
确定资产(如住房、土地)作为一个商品,但在同一时间依赖政府的干预(例如,分区,或
公共房屋的工人阶级)确保有利的社会方面的同一性,是李察foglesong(1986)称为“产
权矛盾。”这种张力产生的私营部门同时抵制和需要社会的干预,由于内在矛盾的本质属性。
事实上,在我们社会的本质属性是紧张拉这两者之间的力量。冲突的定义之间的边界私人利
益与公共利益。
Triangle Axis 2: The Resource Conflict三角轴2:资源冲突
Just as the private sector both resists regulation of property, yet needs it to keep the economy
flowing, so too is society in conflict about its priorities for natural resources.Business resists the
regulation of its exploitation of nature, but at the same time needs regulation to conserve those
resources for present and future demands.This can be called the “resource conflict.” The
conceptual essence of natural resources is therefore the tension between their economic utility in
industrial society and their ecological utility in the natural environment.This conflict defines the
boundary between the developed city and the undeveloped wilderness, which is symbolized by the
“city limits.” The boundary is not fixed;it is a dynamic and contested boundary between mutually
dependent forces.正如私营部门既抗拒调节性能,但它需要保持经济流动,因此也是社会冲
突的优先资源。经营抗拒调节其剥削的本质,但同时需要调节保护这些资源,为当前和未来的需求。这可以被称为“资源冲突。”概念的本质,因此自然资源的紧张关系在工业社会的经济特征及其生态特征的自然环境。这场冲突的定义之间的边界发达城市和发达的荒野,这
是象征的“城市的界限。”的边界是不固定的;它是一个动态的和有争议的边界之间的相互
依赖的力量。
Is there a single, universal economic-ecological conflict underlying all such disputes faced by
planners? I searched for this essential, Platonic notion, but the diversity of examples--water
politics in California, timber versus the spotted owl in the Pacific Northwest, tropical deforestation
in Brazil, park planning in the Adirondacks, greenbelt planning in Britain, to name a few--
suggests otherwise.Perhaps there is an Ur-Konflikt, rooted in the fundamental struggle between
human civilization and the threatening wilderness around us, and expressed variously over the
centuries.However, the decision must be left to anthropologists as to whether the essence of the
spotted owl controversy can be traced back to Neolithic times.A meta-theory tying all these
multifarious conflicts to an essential battle of “human versus nature”(and, once tools and weapons
were developed and nature was controlled, “human versus human”)--that invites skepticism.In
this discussion, the triangle is used simply as a template to recognize and organize the common
themes;to examine actual conflicts, individual case studies are used.有一个单一的,普遍的经济
和生态的基本所有这些纠纷冲突所面临的策划者?我搜索了这个必不可少的,柏拉图式的概
念,但多样性的例子——水在加利福尼亚政治,木材与斑点猫头鹰在西北太平洋,热带森林
在巴西,公园绿地规划计划在阿迪朗达克,在英国,等等——都显示。也许有一个ur-konflikt,植根于基本的人类文明之间的斗争和我们周围的旷野威胁,并表示不同的世纪。然而,这个
决定必须由人类学家是否为本质的斑点猫头鹰的争议可以追溯到新石器时代。元理论将这些
五花八门的冲突的一个重要战役“人类与自然”(和,一旦工具和武器的发展和性质的控制,“人与人”)——邀请怀疑。在这次讨论中,三角形是用来作为模板识别和组织共同的主题;
审查实际冲突,个别案例研究使用。
The economic-ecological conflict has several instructive parallels with the growth-equity conflict.In the property conflict, industrialists must curb their profit-increasing tendency to reduce wages,so as to provide labor enough wages to feed, house, and otherwise “reproduce” itself--that is, the
subsistence wage.In the resource conflict, the industrialists must curb their profit-increasing
tendency to increase timber yields, so as to ensure that enough of the forest remains to
“reproduce” itself(Clawson 1975;Beltzer and Kroll 1986;Lee, Field, and Burch 1990).This
practice is called “sustained yield,” though timber companies and environmentalists disagree about
how far the forest can be exploited and still be “sustainable.”(Of course, other factors also affect
wages, such as supply and demand, skill level, and discrimination, just as lumber demand, labor
prices, transportation costs, tariffs, and other factors affect how much timber is harvested.)In both
cases, industry must leave enough of the exploited resource, be it labor or nature, so that the
resource will continue to deliver in the future.In both cases, how much is “enough” is also
contested.冲突的经济和生态有一些有启发性的相似之处与growth-equity冲突。在属性冲突,企业家必须限制其利润增长趋势,减少工资,以提供足够的工资劳动饲料,房子,和其他“再
现”本身——是,生存工资。在资源冲突,企业家们必须限制其利润增长趋势增加木材的产
量,以保证足够的森林仍然“再现”本身(克劳森1975;beltzer和克罗尔1986;李,领域
范围,1990)。这种做法被称为“持续产量,虽然木材公司和环保人士不多远的森林可以利
用和仍然是“可持续”。(当然,其他因素也影响工资,如供应和需求,技能水平,和歧视,正如木材需求,劳动力价格,运输费用,关税,和其他因素影响多少采伐木材。)在这两种
情况下,必须留有足够的资源的利用,是劳动或性质,使资源将继续提供在未来。在这两种
情况下,有多少是“足够”也是有争议。
Triangle Axis 3: The Development Conflict三角轴3:发展冲突
The third axis on the triangle is the most elusive: the “development conflict,” lying between the
poles of social equity and environmental preservation.If the property conflict is characterized by
the economy's ambivalent interest in providing at least a subsistence existence for working people,and the resource conflict by the economy's ambivalent interest in providing sustainable conditions
for the natural environment, the development conflict stems from the difficulty of doing both at
once.Environment-equity disputes are coming to the fore to join the older dispute about economic
growth versus equity(Paehlke 1994, 349-50).This may be the most challenging conundrum of
sustainable development: how to increase social equity and protect the environment
simultaneously, whether in a steady-state economy(Daly 1991)or not.How could those at the
bottom of society find greater economic opportunity if environmental protection mandates
diminished economic growth? On a global scale, efforts to protect the environment might lead to
slowed economic growth in many countries, exacerbating the inequalities between rich and poor
nations.In effect, the developed nations would be asking the poorer nations to forgo rapid
development to save the world from the greenhouse effect and other global emergencies.第三轴的三角形是最难以实现的:“发展冲突,“躺在两极之间的社会公平和环境保护。如果属性冲
突的特点是经济矛盾的利益提供至少一个生存存在劳动人民,以及资源冲突的经济利益的矛
盾提供可持续的自然环境条件,发展冲突源于难以做一次。environment-equity纠纷脱颖而
出参加老年争议,经济增长与公平(paehlke 1994,349-50)。这可能是最具挑战性的难题的可持续发展:如何提高社会公平和保护环境的同时,无论是在稳态经济(达利1991)或不。
如何能在社会底层找到更大的经济机会,如果环境保护任务,减少经济增长?在全球范围内,环境保护力度可能导致减缓经济增长在许多国家,加剧了不平等富国和穷国之间。实际上,发达国家将被要求较贫穷的国家放弃发展迅速,拯救世界从温室效应和全球其他紧急情况。
This development conflict also happens at the local level, as in resource-dependent communities,which commonly find themselves at the bottom of the economy's hierarchy of labor.Miners,lumberjacks, and mill workers see a grim link between environmental preservation and poverty,and commonly mistrust environmentalists as elitists.Poor urban communities are often forced to
make the no-win choice between economic survival and environmental quality, as when the only
economic opportunities are offered by incinerators, toxic waste sites, landfills, and other noxious
land uses that most neighborhoods can afford to oppose and do without(Bryant and Mohai 1992;
Bullard 1990, 1993).If some argue that environmental protection is a luxury of the wealthy, then
environmental racism lies at the heart of the development conflict.Economic segregation leads to
environmental segregation: the former occurs in the transformation of natural resources into
consumer products;the latter occurs as the spoils of production are returned to nature.Inequitable
development takes place at all stages of the materials cycle.这一发展冲突也发生在地方一级,作为资源型社区,通常发现自己在底部的经济层次的劳动。矿工,伐木工,和工厂的工人看
到严峻的环境保护和贫穷之间的联系,并普遍不信任环保精英。城市贫困社区往往被迫作出
选择的两难之间的经济生存环境的质量,因为只有当经济所提供的机会,焚化炉,有毒废物
处理场,垃圾填埋场,和其他有毒的土地用途大多数环境可以负担得起的反对和没有(布莱
恩特和mohai布拉德1992;1990,1993)。如果有人认为,环境保护是一个豪华的富人,那
么环境种族主义的核心是发展冲突。经济隔离导致的环境隔离:前者发生在改造自然资源消
费电子产品;后者发生作为战利品生产回归自然。不公平的发展发生在各个阶段的物质循环。
Consider this conflict from the vantage of equity planning.Norman Krumholz, as the planning
director in Cleveland, faced the choice of either building regional rail lines or improving local bus
lines(Krumholz et al.1982).Regional rail lines would encourage the suburban middle class to
switch from cars to mass transit;better local bus service would help the inner-city poor by
reducing their travel and waiting time.One implication of this choice was the tension between
reducing pollution and making transportation access more equitable, an example of how bias
toward social inequity may be embedded in seemingly objective transit proposals.考虑到这一冲
突的高度股权计划。诺尔曼霍尔茨,作为策划总监的克利夫兰,面临的选择是构建区域铁路
线或改善当地的公共汽车线路(克鲁姆霍尔茨等人。1982。区域铁路线将鼓励郊区中产阶级
开关从汽车到大众运输;当地更好的巴士服务将帮助市内穷人减少他们的旅行和等待时间。
一个影响这种选择之间的紧张局势,减少污染,使交通更加公平,例如何偏向社会不平等可
能嵌入看似客观的运输的建议。
4
第五篇:城市规划专业
城市设计学院城市规划专业本科人才培养方案
一、专业代码、名称
专业代码:080700 专业名称:城市规划urban planning
二、专业培养目标
本专业培养具备城市规划、城市设计等方面的知识,能在城市规划设计、城市规划管理、决策咨询、房地产开发等部门从事城市规划设计与管理,开展城市道路交通规划、城市市政工程规划、城市生态规划、园林游憩系统规划,并能参与城市社会与经济发展规划、区域规划、城市开发、房地产筹划以及相关政策法规研究等方面工作的城市规划学科高级工程技术人才。
三、专业特色和培养要求
城市规划是一门专业性很强的综合学科,既要有主干学科的支持,又要有众多相关学科的支持。武汉大学是一所文理综合性大学。学科门类比较齐全,现在的经济学、社会学、管理学、哲学、环境生态学等已形成了对城市规划专业的有力支持。武汉大学城市规划专业毕业生的特点是:基础扎实、知识面宽,除掌握本专业的必备知识外,又受到了良好的人文、社会、自然科学熏陶,较系统的了解了一门以上相关学科知识。
本专业要求毕业生具有以下几方面的知识和能力:
1、掌握城市规划学科的基本理论,基本知识;
2、掌握建筑设计的基本理论和技能;
3、掌握与城市规划相关的知识,具有综合运用相关知识、理论分析城市问题、解决城市规划与设计问题的能力;
4、具有专业调查研究和正确表达(图、文、口头)的能力;
5、具有应用系统工程理论论和GIS技术的能力;
6、运用外语进行交流的能力;
7、具有自学能力。
四、学制和学分要求
学制:五年
学分要求:毕业生需达到180个学分,其中必修课126学分,选修课54学分。
五、学位授予
授予工学学士学位
六、专业主干(核心)课程
学科基础课:建筑设计(1-3),建筑设计基础(1-2),城市规划原理,中外城市建设规划史,其他主干课程:城市详细规划原理、详细规划设计、城市道路与交通、城市总规原理、城市总规设计、城市发展与规划史、城市规划管理与法规、风景园林规划与设计、城市设计、区域规划、城市市政工程规划、城市规划社会调查、城市地理信息系统。
七、专业主要实验
计算机辅助设计操作实验、模型制作实验、城市信息系统、摄影、测量及遥感。
八、实践性教学环节安排
1、参观综合实习2周
2、写生实习2周
3、认识实习1周
4、测绘实习3周
5、详细设计周1周
6、规划设计实习16周
7、城市信息系统实践2周九、毕业生条件及其它必要的说明
凡修满本专业规定学分,各门课程(包括公共基础课、专业基础课、专业课、实践教学和毕业设计)成绩合格,符合中华人民共和国教育部和武汉大学毕业生要求,授予工学学士学位。