高中英语《被动语态讲解》教案 新人教版必修2

第一篇：高中英语《被动语态讲解》教案 新人教版必修2

河北省邯郸四中高中英语《被动语态讲解》教案 新人教版必修2 例：①Mother often makes me do homework.→I am often made to do homework by mother.⑵teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for。例：

①She gave me a book.= She gave a pen to book.→I was given a book by her.→A book was given to me by her.②My father bought me a MP3.= My father bought a MP3 for me.→I was bought a MP3 by my father.→A MP3 was bought for me by my father.[3]含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。（宾补放在原来位置不变）

例：①We call him Xiao Ming.主 谓

宾 宾补

→Ｈe is called Xiao Ming by us.②He found the novel very interesting.→The novel was found very interesting by him.[4] 没有被动语态的动词：

1.没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如 cost, fit, have, suit等没有被 1 动形式，另外，像happen = take place, break out(爆发)，break down(坏了)result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态

2.不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态: appear, die ,disappear, end(vi.结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, come true, fall asleep,...3.大多数系动词：be , feel(摸起来)，sound(听起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste（尝起来），look(看起来)，等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。例：①The shirt feels very soft.这件衬衣摸起来很柔软。

②Many changes have taken place in our country.

第二篇：高中英语被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)

高中英语被动语态

一、被动语态的构成形式

1.被动语态的基本时态变化

被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：

1)am/is/are +done(过去分词)一般现在时

2）has /have been done 现在完成时

3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时

4）was/were done 一般过去时

5）had been done 过去完成时

6）was/were being done 过去进行时

7）shall/will be done 一般将来时

8）should/would be done 过去将来时

9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）

10）should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）

2.被动语态的特殊结构形式

1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。

例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3.非谓语动词的被动语态

v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态与完成时态)。

例I don't like being laughed at in the public.二、如何使用被动语态

学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。

1.讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省 by 短语)。

例 My bike was stolen last night.2.借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。

例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.3.为了更好地安排句子。

例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people.（一个主语就够了）

三、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型

一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。有：

It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped

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高中英语被动语态

that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。

例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.（＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.）

四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义

1.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。

例 This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。

试比较：The door won't lock．（指门本身有毛病）

The door won't be locked．（指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）

2.表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词与短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。

例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？

3.系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。

例Your reason sounds reasonable.五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义

在某些句型中可用动名词与不定式的主动形式表被动意义。

1． 在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。

例The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。

2． 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。

例The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）

3.动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式与名词之间有动宾关系时，又与句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。

例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon．(to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。)

试比较：I’ll go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be posted?(此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。)

4.在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。

例This problem is difficult to work out.（可看作to work out省略了for me）.5． 在too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。

例This book is too expensive(for me)to buy.6.在there be…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。

例There is no time to lose（to be lost）．（用 to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，谁 lost time不明确。）

7.在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。

例 Who is to blame for starting the fire?

六、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义

表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前

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高中英语被动语态

一般不用冠词。

1.“under +名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control（受控制）, under treatment（在治疗中）, under repair（在修理中）, under discussion（在讨论中）, under construction（在施工中）。

例The building is under construction(is being constructed).2．“beyond+名词”结构，“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。常见的有：beyond belief(令人难以置信)，beyond one’s reach（鞭长莫及），beyond one’s control（无法控制），beyond our hope． 我们的成功始料不及。

例The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）．

3.“above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等)超过……、高于……”。

例His honest character is above all praise．=His honest character cannot be praised enough．

4．“for+名

词”结构，表示 “适于……、为着……”。如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等。

例That house is for sale.(= That house is to be sold).5．“in+名词”结构，表示“在……过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print（在印刷中），in sight(在视野范围内)，等。

例The book is not yet in print．(=is not yet printed)

6．“on+名词”结构, 表示“在从事…… 中”。常见的有：on sale(出售)，on show（展出）, on trial（受审）。

例Today some treasures are on show in the museum(= are being showed).7．“out of+名词”结构 ； 表示 “超出…… 之外“，常见的有：out of control(控制不了)，out of sight（超出视线之外），out of one’s reach(够不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。

例 The plane was out of control(can’t be controlled)．。

8．“within+名词”结构，“在……内、不超过……”。

例He took two days off within the teacher's permission．

七、被动语态与系表结构的区别

当“be+过去分词”作被动语态时表示主语承受的动作；作系表结构时表示主语的特点或所处的状态时，be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。其区分办法如下：

1．如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动语态，否则为系表结构。

例The glass is broken．（系表结构）

The glass was broken by the boy．（被动语态）

2．如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。

例The door is locked．（系表结构）

The door hasalready/just been locked．（被动语态）

3．被动语态除用于一般时态与完成时态外，还可以用于其他各种时态，而系表结构中的系动词be只有一般时态与完成时态。

例 The machine is being repaired．

八、被动语态与高考试题赏析

1． 高考对谓语动词语态的考查例析

1).In some parts of the world, tea ___ with milk and sugar.(NMET1993)A.is serving B.is served C.serves D.served 2).This is Ted’s phone.We miss him a lot.He ___ trying to save a child in the earthquake.(NMET2002)A.killed B.is killed C.was killed D.was killing 3).----Have you moved into the new house?

----Not yet, the rooms _____.(NMET1991)

A.are being painted B.are painting C.are painted D.are being painting

4).When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ___ yet.（上海春2003）

A.are not decided B.have not been decided C.is not being decided D.has not been decided

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高中英语被动语态

5).The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets ___.A.was booked B.had been booked C.were booked D.have been booked

2．高考对非谓语动词语态的考查

当非谓语动词的逻辑主语为动作的承受者时, 须用被动式。弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的执行与承受关系是掌握非谓语动词语态的关键。

1).Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ___ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.seen 2).While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ___ into buying something they don’t really need.A.to persuaded B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded 3）.I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child.（上海2002）

A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blamed D.should blame 【强化训练】

1.If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner． A． are not kept；will have to

B． are not kept；have C． do not keep；will have to

D． do not keep；have to 2.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.A.developed

B.have developed

C.are being developed

D.will have been developed 3.---____ the sports meet might be put off．

---Yes，it all depends on the weather．

A． I've been told B． I've told

C． I'm told

D． I told

4.I need one more stamp before my collection ___.A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed

5.Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A.cut B.are cut

C.are being cut D.had been cut

6.The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.A.has been designed B.had been designed C.was designed D.would be designed

7.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.A.breaks

B.has broken

C.was broken

D.had been broken

8.Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.A.have been taken place;have been set up

B.have taken place;have been set up

C.have taken place;have set up

D.were taken place;were set up

9.That suit __ over 60 dollars.A.had costed B.costed C.is costed

D.cost

10.---Look!Everything here is under construction.---What’s the pretty small house that __ for?

A.is being built

B.has been built

C.is built

D.is building

11.---Do you like the material?

---Yes, it ___ very soft.A.is feeling

B.felt

C.feels

D.is felt

12.It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．

A． write

B．to write C． to be written

D． written

13.I have no more letters ____，thank you．

A． to type B． typing

C． to be typed

D． typed

14.Take care!Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.A.won’t wash out B.won’t be washed out C.isn’t washed out D.isn’t washing out

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高中英语被动语态

15.Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.A.be put up

B.give in

C.be turned on

D.go out 16.The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.A.belongs B.are belonged to C.belongs to

D.belong to 17.---What do you think of the book?---Oh, excellent.It’s worth ___ a second time.A.to read

B.to be read

C.reading

D.being read 18.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught

D.to catch 19.This page needed ___ again.A.being checked

B.checked

C.to check

D.to be checked 20.___ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do the exercises A.Having taught B.Having been taught

C.taught D.Teaching

专题训练

1.Our house_____，A.is getting paint B.is getting painted

C.is got painted D.has got to paint 2.He arrived in Beijing,where he_____his friend.A.was met by B.was met C.was meeting D.met by 3.The war_____in 1937

A.was broken out B.had been broken out

C.has broken out D.broke out 4.The mistakes in the exercises will_____the teacher.A.cross B.be crossing C.be crossed by D.cross by 5.My brother and I have __________her birthday party.A.been invited B.been invited for C.invited to D.been invited to

6.It_______this way

A.is had to do B.is had to be done C.had to be done D.has to do 7.It__this way.A used to do B.used to be done C.is used to do D.is used to doing 8._____Chaplin.A.The child's name was called B.The child's name calls C.The child calls D.The child is named 9.The sports meeting____.A.is put off B.is to put off C.is to be put off D.puts off 10.Mary realized she_________

A.was making fun of B.was made fun C.was being made fun of D.was being made fun 11.______to say a thing in that way

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高中英语被动语态

A.It is considers wrong B.It is considered wrong C.It is considered it's wrong D.It is consiedring wrong 12.He ordered that the books_______at once.A.would be printed B.would print C.be printed D.print 13.The story______in ChinA.A.was taken place B.was happened

C.took place D.has been taken place 14.The house_____my parents

A.is belong to B.belong to C.belongs to D.is belonged to 15.He_______by his teacher.A.happened to see B.was happened to see C.happened to be seen D.was happened to be seen 16.Great changes_____in our province.Many tall buildings.A.have been taken place, have been set up

B.have taken place, have been set up

C.have been taken place, have been set up

D.were taken place, were set up

17.The hall's____but it's not yet____with lamps.A.furnished, finished B.been finished, been furnished

C.being finished, being furnished D.set up, full

18.The new hall is the tallest building in this town._____from here?

A.Can it see B.Can it be seen C.Can it seen D.Can see 19.As soon as we got to the airport,we found that the plane_____.A.had already taken off B.already took off

C.was already taking off D.was already taken off 20.Some of the hotels in my hometown_________.A.have now been rebuilding B.are now rebuilding

C.are now being rebuilt D.are rebuilt now

21.If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．

A.are not kept；will have to B.are not kept；have

C.do not keep；will have to D.do not keep；have to

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高中英语被动语态

22.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.A.developed B.have developed

C.are being developed D.will have been developed 23.---____ the sports meet might be put off．

---Yes，it all depends on the weather．

A.I've been told B.I've told C.I'm told D.I told 24.I need one more stamp before my collection ___.A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed 25.Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A.cut B.are cut C.are being cut D.had been cut 26.The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.A.has been designed B.had been designed C.was designed D.would be designed 27.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.A.breaks B.has broken C.was broken D.had been broken 28.Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.A.have been taken place;have been set up

B.have taken place;have been set up

C.have taken place;have set up

D.were taken place;were set up 29.That suit __ over 60 dollars.A.had costed B.costed C.is costed D.cost 30.---Look!Everything here is under construction.---What's the pretty small house that __ for?

A.is being built B.has been built C.is built D.is building 31.---Do you like the material?---Yes, it ___ very soft.A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt

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高中英语被动语态

32.It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．

A.write B.to write C.to be written D.written 33.I have no more letters ____，thank you．

A.to type B.typing C.to be typed D.typed 34.Take care!Don't drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.A.won't wash out B.won't be washed out C.isn't washed out D.isn't washing out 35.Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.A.be put up B.give in C.be turned on D.go out 36.The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.A.belongs B.are belonged to C.belongs to D.belong to 37.---What do you think of the book?---Oh, excellent.It's worth ___ a second time.A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read 38.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch 39.This page needed ___ again.A.being checked B.checked C.to check D.to be checked 40.___ many times, the boy still didn't know how to do the exercises

A.Having taught B.Having been taught C.taught

D.Teaching

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高中英语被动语态

八、被动语态与高考试题赏析

1． 高考对谓语动词语态的考查例析

1.解析 B 因为serve是及物动词，其动作承受者tea作主语，表经常发生的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。2.解析 C Ted是kill的承受者，用被动语态，且Ted救人发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。

3.解析 A “house”与“paint”应该是被动的关系，排除B，D。后者未搬进新居的原因是房子正在油漆，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。不能用一般现在时表示习惯性动作，排除C。4.解析 D decide是及物动词，动作的发出者通常是人，句中的主语是动作的承受者，所以decide要用被动语态。从题干的语境与关键词yet，可判断用现在完成时，不定式做主语用单数，故用现在完成时的被动语态。

5.解析 B 句中tickets是book(订票)的承受者，主谓为被动关系，又因票已被订出应发生在entered the office这个过去动作之前，所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。

2．高考对非谓语动词语态的考查 1.解析 B 根据题意，那对老夫妇是否到国外旅行是将来的动作，应使用不定式，故排除掉C、D两项；又因remains的逻辑主语it是动词see说表示动作的承受者，即“到国外旅行”这件事，这件事有待于“被决定”，应使用动词不定式的被动形式。

2.解析 C can’t help doing “禁不住做某事”，排除A与D；顾客应是“被劝说”购物的，要用动名词的被动语态。3.解析 A feel的宾语从句为强调句型，在be to do结构中，在某些场合可用不定式的主动语态表示被动语态，如to blame，to let等。

【强化训练】

key 1--5 ACADC

6--10 BCBDA 11--15 CBCAD 16--20 DCCDB 专题训练

Keys 1 B 2 A 3 D 4 C 5 D 6 C 7 B 8 D 9 A 10 C B 12 C 13 C 14 C 15 C 16 B 17 B 18 B 19 A 20 C 21 A 22 C 23 A 24 D 25 C 26 B 27 C 28 B 29 D 30 A 31 C 32 B 33 C 34 A 35 D 36 D 37 C 38 C 39 D 40 B

９

第三篇：英语：unit1《Friendship》教案2(新人教必修1)（精选）

Period 3 Learning about language Teaching aims: 1.To discover and learn to use some words and expressions.2.To enable students to rewrite sentences using direct or indirect speech 3.To learn more information about Anne.4.To cultivate the spirit of cooperation, self-teaching and self-exploring.Teaching procedures: Step 1 Revision 1.Review something about “Anne’s best friend” by using some True-or-False sentences 1)A friend would laugh at you.（）2)Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II.（）3)She and her family hid away for one year before they were discovered.（）4)She kept a diary as others did.（）

5)She was fond of nature.（）

6)She stayed awake in the night because she couldn’t sleep well.（）7)She couldn’t go out as she liked.（）2.Collect the sentences students think wonderful or difficult to understand.Sample sentences 1)She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.2)I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.3)There was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.4)The dark, rainy evening ,the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.5)It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.Step 2 Language points 1.grow crazy about sth.对…狂热,痴迷be crazy about …

eg.My cousin grows crazy about computer games.2.go through 1).To examine carefully 仔细阅读或研究

I went through the students’ papers last night.2).To experience 经历，遭受或忍受

You really don’t know what we went through while working on this project.3.stay

v.to continue to be in a particular state or situatioin 系动词，表是状态。后跟名词或形容词，不能用于被动语态和进行时态。eg.He stayed single all his life.4.make/call + O +Noun(as O.C.)5.hide away

6.discover

Columbus discovered America in 1492.7.set down: to write down something so that you have a record of it: I want to set down my feelings on paper.Other verbal phrases of “set”

set aside: to keep some money or time for a special purpose set off: to start to go somewhere/ to cause a explosion set out: to start a journey/ to talk about something in an organized way set up: to start an organization/ to build something 8.ourdoors / indoors Don’t stay indoors since the weather is so fine.9.well

They speak well of him.Well done.10 on purpose

I came here on purpose to see you.11 in order to

In order to catch the train , she hurried through her work.12 too much/ much too entirely

For him, this will be an entirely new hobby.14 in one’s power / out of one’s powers 15 it was the first/second time that …

It is the first time that he has been in this city.It was the second time that he had made the same mistakes 16 face to face

I rushed out of the office and found myself face to face with the boss.17.far

adv.“过于；…得多” ,表示程度，经常与too或形容词、副词的比较级连用。

eg.She speaks English far better than I.This room is far too warm.cf.very, much, far 18.dare 1)modal.v.多用于否定句、疑问句、条件状语从句、whether(if)等名词性从句或有否定意义的句中，后接动词原形。没有人称和数的变化,其时态只有现在时和过去时。否定式在其后加not.eg.How dare he say such a word!

If you dare do that again, you’ll be punished.2)vt.敢，胆敢。有人称、数和时态的变化。在否定句和疑问句中，dare后的to可保留也可省略。

eg.I wonder how he dare to day such words.19．happen to do sth.It so(just)happened that…不能用于进行时态。

eg.I happened to be out when he came.= It so happened that I was out when he came.

第四篇：语文：第二单元测试(新人教必修2)

高一语文第三单元测试题

说明：本试题分为一、二两卷，请把答案写在答题卡上。总分：100分 考试时间： 90分钟 第Ⅰ卷

一、选择题。每小题3分，共15分。

1.下列加点字的注音全都正确的一组是： A.渣滓（zǎi）战栗（lì）逡巡（qūn）懵懂（měng）．．．．B.耸身（sǒng）嗤笑（chǐ）濡养（rú）微蹙（cù）．．．．C.攥住（zuàn）海市蜃楼（shèn）呓语（yì）干瘪（biě）．．．．D.附丽（fù）粗糙（cào）差强人意（chāi）啼笑皆非（tí）．．．．

2.下列各组词语中有错别字的一组是：

A.淫佚 干涸 一蹶不振 万劫不复 B.锁屑 枷锁 席不暇暖 相濡以沫 C.瞳孔 希冀 因循守旧 玉树临风 D.承载 憧憬 吊儿郎当 生死攸关

3.下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一句是：

A.那本介绍学习方法的书出版后，受到中小学生和家长们的热烈欢迎，一时洛阳纸贵。．．．．B.科技发展带来的便利是不容分说的，千里之外的问候，只要一个短信，瞬间就能完成。．．．．C.假以时日，我们可以巧立名目，开发大批新颖别致的陆游项目，为景区再添光彩。．．．．D.学习了他的先进事迹后，我们每一个青年都应该追本溯源，看看自己做得如何。．．．．

4、依次填入下列各句横线上的词语，最恰当的一项是

①如果陈水扁冥顽不化，一意孤行，制造“台独”，必将给台湾人民带来深重灾难。

②政绩是一个干部在为人民服务的过程中，发挥自己的聪明才智所创造的。

③我 认为城市的标志性建筑一定能对整个城市的形象和经济有多大的改变，城市标志性建筑及其周围的交通环境能在一定程度上体现出城市的人文美学特征。A．事变 绩效 不是/但是 B．事端

业绩

不但/而且 C．事端 绩效 不但/而且 D．事变

业绩

不是/但是

5、下面横线上填入最恰当的句子应是： 百年以来，中国人曾被讥为一盘散沙。一时间内，它凝聚不起来，这不怨沙，而怨没有吸沙的磁盘。

A．其实，这是对中国人的污蔑 B．其实，中国人的心并不散

C．如果硬要比作沙，那么，中国人不是泥沙，而是铁沙 D．如果硬要比作沙，那么，总有一天它会凝聚成坚固的堡垒

二、默写。每空1分，共15分。

6．静女其娈。，说怿女美。7．。匪女之为美，美人之贻。

8．氓之蚩蚩，，来即我谋。9．士之耽兮，；女之耽兮。10．日月忽其不淹兮。11．惟草木之零落兮。12．劝君更尽一杯酒。13．洛阳亲友如相问。14．沉舟侧畔千帆过。15．近水楼台先得月。16．接天莲叶无穷碧。第Ⅱ卷

三、阅读下面一段文言文，并翻译划线的句子。（5分）

长沮、桀溺耦而耕。孔子过之，使子路问津焉。长沮曰：“夫执舆者为谁？”子路曰：“为孔丘。”曰：“是鲁孔丘与？”曰：“是也。”曰：“是知津矣。”问于桀溺。桀溺曰：“子为谁？”曰：“为仲由。”曰：“是孔丘之徒与？”对曰：“然。”曰：“滔滔者天下皆是也，而谁以易之？且而与其从辟人之士，岂若从辟世之士哉？櫌而不辍。子路行以告。夫子怃然曰：”鸟兽不可与同群，吾非斯人之徒与而谁与？天下有道，丘不与易也。” 17．孔子过之，使子路问津焉。（2分）

译文：。18．滔滔者天下皆是也，而谁以易之？（3分）

译文：

四、阅读理解（20分）

提醒幸福

①我们从小就习惯了在提醒中过日子。天气刚有一丝风吹草动，妈妈就说，别忘了多穿衣服。才结识了一位朋友，爸爸就说，小心他是骗子。你取得了一点成功，还没有乐出声来，所有关心你的人一起说，别骄傲！你沉浸在欢乐中的时候，自己不停地对自己说，千万不可太高兴，苦难也许马上就要降临„„

②我们已经习惯了提醒，提醒的后缀词总是灾祸。灾祸似乎成了提醒的专利，把提醒也染得充满了淡淡的贬义。

③我们已经习惯了在提醒中过日子。看的见的恐惧和看不见的恐惧始终像乌鸦盘旋在头顶。

④在皓月当空的良宵，提醒会走出来对你说：注意风暴。于是我们忽略了皎洁的月光，急急忙忙做好风暴来临前的一切准备。当我们睁大眼睛枕戈待旦之时，风暴却像迟归的羊群，不知在哪里徘徊。当我们实在忍受不了等待灾难的煎熬时，我们甚至会恶意期盼风暴早些到来。

⑤在许多夜晚，风暴始终没有降临。我们辜负了冰冷如银的月光。

⑥风暴终于姗姗地来了。我们怅然地发现，所做的准备多半是没用的。事先能够抵御的风险毕竟有限，世上无法预计的灾难却是无限的。战胜灾难靠的更多的是临门一脚，先前的惴惴不安都帮不上忙。

⑦当风暴的尾巴终于远去，我们回到凌乱的家园。气还没有喘匀，新的提醒有智慧地响起来，我们又开始对未来充满恐惧的期待。

⑧人生总是有灾难。其实大多数人早已练就了对灾难的从容，我们知识还没有学会灾难间隙的快活。我们太多注重了自己警觉苦难，我们太忽视了提醒我们幸福。

⑨请从此注意幸福！

⑩幸福也需要提醒吗？

⑾提醒注意跌倒„„提醒注意路滑„„提醒受骗上当„„提醒荣辱不惊„„先哲们提醒了我们一万零一次，却不提醒我们幸福。

⑿也许他们认为幸福不提醒也跑不了的。也许他们以为好的你自会珍惜，用不着谆谆告诫。也许他们太崇尚血与火，觉得幸福无足挂齿。他们总是站在危崖上，指点我们逃离未来的苦难。

⒀但避去苦难之后的时间是什么？ ⒁那就是幸福啊！

⒂享受幸福是需要学习的，当幸福即将来临的时刻需要提醒。人可以自然而然地学会感官的享乐，人却无法天生地掌握幸福的韵律。灵魂的快意同器官的舒适像一对孪生兄弟，时而南辕北辙。

⒃幸福是一种心灵的震颤。它像会倾听音乐的耳朵一样，需要不断的训练。

⒄简言之，幸福就是没有痛苦的时刻。它出现的频率并不像我们想象的那样少。人们常常只是在幸福的金马车已经过去很远，拣起地上的金鬃毛时说，原来我见过她。

⒅人们喜爱回味幸福的标本，却忽略幸福披着露水散发清香的时刻。那时侯我们往往步履匆匆，瞻前顾后不知在忙些什么。世上有预报台风的，有预报蝗虫的，有预报瘟疫的，有预报地震的，却没有人预报幸福。

19．作者为什么要提醒幸福？（3分）

20．作者在文中不止一次提到“幸福”，试分析作者笔下“幸福”有什么含义？（3分）

21．作者认为人生有灾难也有幸福，对待灾难和幸福应该各持什么态度？（4分）

22．第⑥自然段中加点的“临门一脚”，我们应该怎样理解？（5分）

23．第⒄自然段中“它出现的频率并不像我们想象的那样少”一句中，“它”指什么？为什么我们会感觉“那样少” ？（5分）

五、语言表达。（5分）

下面是名人巧答的故事，请试着替名人作答。

24．有一次，林肯正在擦皮靴，某外交官不无揶揄地问：“总统先生，你总是擦自己的靴子吗？”林肯不动声色地回答：“。”

六、作文

依依翠柳，郁郁繁花，嫩嫩春笋，茵茵小草„„万物被温暖照亮，生机勃勃，尽情展示大自然的绚丽。在青春旅途中，你也常被温暖照亮：眷眷亲情，殷殷师恩，醇醇友爱„„让你坎坷变坦途，郁闷变快乐，单调变精彩，蓬勃向上，纵情演义成长的浪漫。请以“被温暖照亮”为话题，写一篇文章。

要求：①写一篇记叙文，题目自拟。②500字左右。③ 要有自己的体验和感悟。④书写要规范、整洁。

高一语文第二单元测试题答案

一、选择题。每小题3分，共15分。

1、C（A 渣滓zǐ B 嗤笑chī D 差强人意chā 粗糙 cāo）

2、B（锁——琐）

3、A（洛阳纸贵：称颂杰出的作品风行一时。不容分说：分说指辩白，解说。不容人分辨解释，不容许分辨说明。巧立名目：变法儿定出些名目来达到某种不正当的目的。追本溯源：比喻追究事情发生的原因。）

4．D（事变:军事政治方面的重大变故。事端：事故，纠纷。绩效：成绩、成效 业绩：建立的功劳和完成的事业；重大的成就。）5．C

二、默写。每空1分。6．贻我彤管 彤管有炜 7．自牧归荑 洵美且异 8．抱布贸丝 匪来贸丝 9．犹可说也 不可说也 10．春与秋其代序 11．恐美人之迟暮 12．西出阳关无故人 13．一片冰心在玉壶 14．病树前头万木春 15．向阳花木易为春 16．映日荷花别样红

三、文言文阅读

17．孔子路过，让子路去询问渡口在哪里

18．像洪水一样的坏东西到处都是，你们同谁去改变它呢？

四、现代文阅读

19．人们总认为自己生活在痛苦之中，不珍惜自己已经拥有的幸福。

20．作者笔下的幸福是指没有痛苦的时刻。21．我们对待灾难要敢于面对它并且想方设法战胜它；对待幸福要充分珍惜并且要学会享受幸福，这样才能快乐相伴。22．“临门一脚”指当你处在幸福与灾难的边缘时，要敢于打破传统的观念，冲破阴霾，这样才能得到幸福。23．“它”指幸福。本来幸福并不少，但是人们习惯于提醒灾难，故而幸福显得少了许多。

五、语言表达

24．是啊，那你是经常擦谁的靴子呢？

第五篇：Chapter 2 被动语态(教案)

Chapter 2 被动语态

一 概念：当句子的主语是动作的执行时，谓语的形式叫主动语态；当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语的形式叫做被动语态。

二 构成“助动词be+过去分词”主动词be有时态、人称和数的变化，也可以构成否定或疑问句。

不同时态的被动语态例句

Once environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the system to recover.This city was liberated=(be+liberate+ed)+ed in 1948.=被=be+ed We liberated the city in 1948.The matter will be discussed tomorrow.The question is being discussed at present.The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.The bridge has been built this month

The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema He said the book would be returned as soon as he finished it.三、用法： 需要强调动作的承受者;2 只知道动作的承受者，不知道谁是动作的执行者； 论述科技内容的文体需要强调客观性和科学性。

四、不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：

appear, die disappear, end(vi.结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.After the fire, very little remained of my house.比较： rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。

(错)The price has been risen.(对)The price has risen.(错)The accident was happened last week.(对)The accident happened last week.(错)The price has raised.(对)The price has been raised.(错)Please seat.(对)Please be seated.要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。

五、不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语： fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to This key just fits the lock.Your story agrees with what had already been heard.六、系动词无被动语态：

appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn

1）It sounds good.2）The steel feels cold

3)The method proved(to be)effective.七、带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态： die, death, dream, live, life

She dreamed a bad dream last night.八、当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。

(对)She likes to swim.(错)To swim is liked by her.九、“be+过去分词”并不一定都是被动语态，有时是系表结构。当“be+过去分词”表示动作时为被动语态，be是助动词，be后面的过去分词是主要动词，动作的对象是主语；当“be +过去分词”表示主语所处的状态时为系表结构，be是连系动词。be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。其区分办法如下：

1．如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动语态，否则为系表结构。例如: :

The glass is brok． 玻璃杯碎了。（系表结构）

The glass was broken by the boy．玻璃杯被那男孩打碎了。（被动语态）

2．如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。如：

The magazine is published in Shanghai．这家杂志出版于上海。（被动语态）

The door is locked． 门锁着。（系表结构）The door has already/just been locked．门已经/刚刚被锁上。（被动语态）The shop is opened．这家商店开门了。（系表结构）The shop is opened at 8 a.m.everyday．这家商店每天上午八点开门。（被动语态

3．被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外，还可以用于其他各种时态，而系表结构中的系动词be只有一般时态和完成时态。

所以下列句子都是被动语态：

The machine is being repaired． 机器正在修。

A new school will be built here． 这里将要建一所新学校。

十、用某些不及物动词表示被动意义，如carry ,cut, drive, iron, keep, lock, open, pick, read, sell, shut, tear, wash, wear, write等等。这类动词 既能作及物动词，也能作不及物动词。作不及物动词时，形式上虽为主动，却表示被动意义。例如：

Meat cuts easily.肉容易切。

His novel sells well.他的小说畅销。

The car drove easily.这车很容易开。

Your pen writes quite smoothly.你的笔写起来很滑。

在上述句子中，主语通常指物，起动作承受者的作用，也可以说是不及物动词的逻辑宾语。但是有时也有用人称主语的。例如：

The girl does not photograph well.这女孩不上像。

比较：The girl has not been photographed well.这女孩的照片没拍好。

十一、某些感觉动词的主动态表示被动意义。例如：

This shirt feels much softer than that one.这件衬衫比那件衬衫摸起来柔软得多

That book smells old.那本书有一股霉味。

These oranges taste nice.这些橙子味道很好。

以上这些动词都不能用进行时表示。若用进行时，则表示主动含义。

比较：The child is smelling the paint.小孩正在闻油漆的气味。

十二、动词get,come,go之后接过去分词，表示被动意义。get的这种用法局限于口语和非正式的书面语言，更强调动作的结果而非动作本身，并常用来表示突发性的、出乎意料的偶然事件。而come和go常接含否定意义的过去分词。例如：

After working selflessly in here for several years, Mr Li got promoted at last.李先生在此地无私地干了好几年，终于得到提升。

They got delayed because of the holiday traffic.由于节日交通阻塞，他们被耽误了。

The buttons on my coat came undone.我上衣的扣子松开了。

The woman”s complaints went unnoticed.那位女士的投诉无人理睬。

十三、在need(want,require,deserve,etc.)doing句型 中，动名词(doing)相当于动词不定式的被动式(to be done)，在意思上没有多大差别。例如：

The garden needs watering.The garden needs to be watered.花园需要浇水。

The problem requires studying with great care.

The problem requires to be studied with great care.这个问题需要仔细研究。

These jobs want doing at once.

These jobs want to be done at once.这些工作需要马上就做。

用法相似的结构还有bear doing, stand doing, be worth doing,习惯不用动词不定式。如： That won”t bear thinking of.那是不堪想像的。

The little girl can”t stand criticizing.小女孩经不起批评。

The food is not worth eating.这种饭菜不值一吃。

It”s well worth making the effort to learn how to do it.很值得花一番功夫去学会怎么做这事。

值得注意的是，在be worth doing句型中，只能用 动名词的主动式，而在be worthy to be done中，才能用动词不定式的被动式，两者不可混淆。

十四、在某些性质形容词＋动词不定式的句型中，其动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。（difficult, easy, hard, comfortable, pleasant, fit, unfit, light , heavy, good, safe, dangerous）例如：

The question is easy to answer.这问题容易回答。

That book is difficult to understand.那本书难懂。

在这种句型结构中，动词不定式和主语的关系实际上是一种逻辑上的动宾关系，可以说是动词不定式作主语变换来的，相当于It”s easy to answer the question.和It”s difficult to understand that book.由于把动词宾语放在主语位置，所以和不定式的关系构成一种被动关系。

7、有些动词不定式不论用主动形式还是被动形式，动词不定式和主语的关系都是被动的。例如：

Nobody was to blame(to be blamed)for the accident.这个事故，谁也不能责怪。

The house is to let(to be let).这房子出租。

There are a lot of books to read(to be read).有许多书要读。

Those cars are to rent(to be rented).那些汽车出租。