大学英语第2册 综合教程词汇小结

第一篇：大学英语第2册 综合教程词汇小结

第2册词汇小结

Unit 1accomplish: 达到,完成,实现 accomplish one’s purpose / accomplish one’s mission / accomplish-ment: 成就,成绩 She’s known for her accomplish-ment in improving the region’s hospitals.apply: 适用,应用 They applied the rules to new members only.(书面形式)申请,请求 You may apply in person or by letter.attach: 系,贴,附加 aid with no conditions at-tached 认为有(重要性等)She attached no signific-ance to his warning / a list attached to the document4 await: 注意后面不接forbold: 勇敢无畏的;冒失鲁莽的.a bold plan of at-tack / be hurt by a bold remarkcritical: 批评的,评论的 The film was a critical success./ The book won wide critical praise.决定性的,关键的 a critical moment(疾病等)危急的,严重的 The patient is in critical condition./ a critical short-age of doctorsdeparture: 离开,起程,背离,变更 arrivals and de-partures of trains / departure from previous policy 8 emerge: 出现,兴起 A modern industrial country is now emerging.enormous: The rent and cost of maintenance of such a building are enormous.evolve: 逐步形成,发展,演化 Hygiene has evolved into preventive medicine./ Mammals evolved from reptiles.exaggerate: 夸张,夸大,言过其实 keep to the facts and don’t exaggerate / The newspaper ac-counts are exaggerated.initial: 开始的,最初的 at the initial stage of learning French / the initial velocity 首字母 initial a handkerchiefinsert: 插入,嵌入 insert a piece of carbon pa-per between 2 sheets 插页 The book contained an insert of several pages of pictures.investigate conditions at the grass rootsnegligent: negligent about traffic regulations./ negligible: His knowledge of English is negligible.16 occasion: 时候,场合A chance meeting was the occasion of a renewal of friendship./ on occasion(s):有时,间或 We go to the theatre on occasion.performance: 执行,履行 the performance of a command 工作性能,表现,销售情况 be disappointed with the performance of the governmentprincipal: 首要的,主要的 Their principal food is potatoes./ the principal town of the district 本金,可生息的资本 How much interest will there be on a principal of $500?priority: 优先(权),优先考虑的事 Fire engines and ambulances have priority over other traffic./ The newly-founded airborne division gets priority in men and equipment.promote: 提升,晋升 be promoted twice in three years 促进,增进promote mutual understanding 宣传,推销 promote the sales of TV setsrelevant: relevant authorities 有关当局 relev--1-

ance:(教育等)社会实用性 give relevance to college coursessomewhat: 有点,稍微 It is somewhat difficult to answer this question.summarize: 总结,概括 The seven categories can be briefly summarized as follows.superior: 上级的,较高等级的 keep the proper superior-subordinate relationship优良的,较好的provide a superior education / superior alloy steel 25 valid: 有根据的,站得住脚的 a valid excuse 具有法律效力的 be valid for 3 months / a valid con-tract / validityfind one’s way:(文中)到达,流入,进入 The river finds its way to the sea.in due course: 到时候,今后适当时候 Sow the seed and in due course you will have the flowers.28 in retrospect: 回想起来,事后看来 There are some things that you only become totally conscious of in retrospect.回顾,追溯 The new chapter starts with a retrospect.make up for: 补偿,弥补 make up for lost time / Do you think beauty could make up for stupidity? 30 not in the least: 一点也不 I’m not in the least worried.31 pick up:(偶然或容易地)获得,学会 pick up ele-mentary French in three months(情况)好转,改进Business appears to be picking up.32 throw light on: help people understand by providing new information

work on: 从事,致力work on the weak points34 bustle: 忙碌,闹哄哄地忙乱 The city is bustling with life./ The office bustled with people.35 elementary: a course in elementary botany36 telling: 有力的,有效的,显著的 have a telling effect / He made a particularly telling remark

lobby: Members of the teachers’ unions suc-cessfully lobbied among the convention delegates.38 attendant: 侍者,出席者 a flight attendant 伴随的,随之产生的 The sufferings attendant upon war.39 vigorous: 充满活力的,有力的 keep oneself vi-gorous by taking exercise

frown: give sb.a frown of disapproval41 anecdote: tell amusing anecdotes about sb.42 colleague: com-together + legare to choose43 sympathetic: 同情的,赞同的 He was obviously sympathetic over what had happened./ a sympa-thetic heart / be sympathetic to a plan

effective: They delayed the effective date from June 6 to July 27./ an effective rebuke45 self-reliance: 自力更生

rear: 抚养,培养,栽种 My parents reared me in all the honored traditions / rear crops / rear cattle 47 intention: 意图,打算,意向 He told me of his intention to resign./ The boy hurt his sister’s feel-ings without intention.48 clumsy: 手脚不灵活,笨拙的a clumsy boy / The translations are clumsy.49 facility: 便利,容易,熟练 Practice gives a won-derful facility.设备,设施 educational facilities / airport facilities

mold: 模子,铸模 a casting mold 塑造,成形His character was molded by childhood experiences.51 craft: 手艺,工艺 Making jewels requires great craft./ The pilot had difficulty landing his craft on the rough ground.52 reversal: 反向,颠倒 The president would ex-plain his sharp reversal of policy./ reverse: in the reverse direction to the time before / the obverse and the reverse of a coin

originality: The design for the building shows a great deal of originality.54 harbor: 藏有,包含,心怀 harbor refugees / har-bor a grudge against sb.55 overstate: overstate the importance of religion56 innovation: introduce innovations that in-crease productivity /innovations such as frozen food and antibiotics

exaggerate the difficulties of a situation

breakthrough: 突破,进展 It demonstrates a major technological breakthrough./ make a break-through in the relations between the two countries.59 foster: 培养,促进,助长 foster a spirit of coop-eration / foster distrust

solution:(问题的)解答,解决办法 The loan was only a temporary solution to the country’s financial difficulties.溶液,溶解 Sea water contains salts in solution.Unit 2abrupt: 突然的,意外的;陡峭的 He made an ab-rupt turn to avoid hitting another car./ an abrupt re-ply / an abrupt departureaffluent: 富裕,充裕的 an affluent person(sub-urb)/ be affluent in mineralsattain: 达到,获得attain one’s goal /attain power4 bless: Other parts of the country were blessed with timely rains, too.bracket: 括号;等级段,档次 The proportion in the 25 to 35 age bracket has shrunk to 7%./ the lower(upper)income bracketcherish: 珍视,爱护;抱有,怀有 cherish peace / cherish the memory of sb.confront: 面临,面对;正视,对抗 The explorers were confronted with gorges almost impassable./ We must confront the future with optimism.consequence: 结果,后果;重要性 This decision will bring long-lasting consequences./ an affair of little consequencecuriosity: intellectual curiositydated: 注有日期的;过时的 dated formalities11 deny: 否认;拒绝给予,拒绝要求 He denied it to be the case./ A ship was denied entry to the canal.12 donation: 捐赠,赠给 He received a letter of thanks for his donation of books to the library./ He donated $50 to the memorial fund.fabricate: 制造,制作;捏造,伪造 The finest craftsmen fabricated this clock./ fabricate liesThey narrowed the focus to the most pressing issue.genuine: 真的,非人造(伪造)的;真实的 genuine

leather /a genuine vintage wine / genuine happiness16 item: an important item on the agenda / an item in an accountlinger: 逗留,徘徊;存留 The children lingered at the zoo until closing time.minimal: 最小的;最低限度的 The new scheme will involve us in only minimal expense.primary: 最初的,初级的;首要的;基本的 the primary meaning of a word / one’s primary goals in life / Security is a primary need.pursuit: be engaged in scientific pursuitseemingly: 表面上;其实未必 the seeming ac-ceptance of the changessentiment: Sentiment unchecked by reason is a bad guide./ the sentiment of patriotismstammer: 结巴,口吃 stammer out an excuse24 tangible: 可触知的,有形的,有实体的 bring few tangible benefits to the poor / tangible evidence / tangible assetstickle: 挠痒;逗乐,使高兴 He tickled the baby’s feet and made her laugh./ I was tickled by the idea.26 vital: 生命的;极其重要的 a vital organism / a question of vital importance / a vital blowwell-off: 境遇好的;富裕的,充裕的 Although she is well-off, she lives quite simply.fall into: 分成;属于 The story falls into two parts./ fall into the same categoryfill out: 填写 fill out an applicationgo through: 经受,经历 You will have to go through a severe test.31 nothing more than: 不强于,不多于,一模一样;确实 Nothing more than a tunnel-like passage greeted the excavators.32 out of place: 不适当的,不相称的 Your remarks were rather out of place.33 wear and tear: 磨损,损耗 a carpet that stands up to the wear and tear of continual use / the wear and tear of modern city life

kettle: 水壶;锅 The kettle’s boiling./ This is a fine kettle of fish.I forgot my book.35 stand: There were still some empty seats in the stands./ customers at a watermelon stand

whim: 突然产生的念头,异想天开;冲动 do something on a whim / be governed by whim

exceptional: 例外的,异常的 He treated his em-ployees with exceptional cruelty./ There have been an exceptional number of rainy days.38 jolt: 震动,颠簸The coach jolted its passengers terribly over the miserable road./ That a few men have such far-reaching power gave the people quite a jolt.39 high-end: 高档的(即所谓高端的)

apron: 围裙,工作裙 wear a kitchen apron

economical: 节约,省俭的convert sunshine into economical energy / be economical of time/energy

Unit 3assure: 使确信;保证I can assure you of its qual-ity./ The dentist’s manner assured me that I was in safe hands.consist of: 组成,构成 The house consists of six rooms./ consist in: 在于,存在于 Her charm does not consist only in her beauty.dread: 怕,畏惧;忧虑,厌恶 I dread to think of what may happen./ have a dread of heightsdumb: She was born dumb./ the dumb millions 5 exhaust: 用完,耗尽(资源或力量)exhaust one’s patience / The soil was exhausted from years of careless farming.详尽地论述或研究 an exhaustive analysis of the policy 废气,废气等的排出 exhaust emissionfade: The color in this material will not fade./ His anger faded away.frank: 坦白的,真诚的,不加掩饰的 a frank reply / show frank distastehumiliate: 羞辱,使丢脸 They were proud men, humiliated at having to accept relief.hysterical: 歇斯底里的 an hysterical outburst of furyinterference: 干涉,干预,干扰 the outside inter-ference in a country / electronic interferencelocation: 位臵,地点,定位 This corner would make a good location for a gas station./ The captain located the ship’s position on the chart.proof: 证据,证明 Can you give proof that you are Spanish? 耐…的,能防…的 heatproof / fireproof13 scheme: 计划,规划,方案;阴谋诡计 a hydroelec-tric scheme / He suggested several schemes to in-crease sales./ a scheme to escape taxestalent: have a talent for languages(drawing)/ recruit athletic(acting)talenttwist: 转动,旋动;缠绕;编织;歪曲Twist the han-dle to the right./ The road twisted and turned across the hills./ He twisted my words.typical: 典型的,特有的 The painting is a typi-cal Rembrandt./ This is typical of you!welfare: 福利,康乐 neglect the welfare of the workers / a welfare recipientat any rate: 无论如何,至少 If he is stupid, he’s at any rate pleasant to look at.come over: 感到,成为 What has come over him? / come over fainthand down: 把…传下去This custom is handed down from the past.in unison: 共同,一起,一致 Her parents nodded in unison./ act in unisonsuspense: 挂心,悬念 The detective story kept me in suspense until the last chapter.know better than: 明事理(而不至于)You should know better than to go swimming right after eating.narrow down: 缩小,缩减,压缩 They narrowed success or failure for the conference to just 2 issues.25 squat: 蹲,盘腿坐 They squatted down to wait in the shade.simultaneous: 同时发生或进行的The audience burst into simultaneous applause./a simultaneous interpreterclench: 握紧,咬紧,收紧 Her teeth clenched on her lower lip./ clench one’s fists/teeth

-recipe: 烹饪法,食谱;诀窍 a recipe for success / a recipe for cookies / cook with a new recipemumble: 含糊地说,咕哝 He mumbled into si-lence./ a mumbled conversationvaccinate: 接种牛痘/疫苗 Has your child been vaccinated against smallpox?

Unit 4abuse: 滥用,妄用 He abused his privileges in activities outside his official capacity./ He abused my confidence in him.虐待 The arrested men have been physically abused.angle: I would like to hear your angle in this dispute / write a news story from investors’ angle3 annoy: 使恼怒,生气;骚扰 She was annoyed at his lighthearted attitude.appointment: 约定 They arranged an appoint-ment for next week./ a dental appointment 委任的职位 He received an appointment as ambassador 5 arrange: 安排,筹划,排列 arrange contacts be-tween the two people / arrange a conference / ar-range cards alphabeticallyclick: 点击 The door clicked shut.converse: 相反的,逆的 in the converse direction / His political views are the converse of mine.crawl: 爬,匍匐 The holiday traffic crawled along the highway.cue:(戏剧)提示,暗示,信号 at a cue from the di-rector / throw cues to sb.edit: Letters are subject to editing for reasons of space and clarity.flee: The enemy troops fled in utter confusion./ He should not flee from responsibility.interpret: 解释,理解 Poetry can hardly be in-terpreted./ The gift was generally interpreted as bribe.jar: 使感到不快;震动;不和谐 The platform jarred as a train rumbled by./ jar the ear14 nightmare: 梦魇,噩梦restore: 恢复,修复 restore an old custom / The relations between the two countries were restored to normal./ The old oil painting was handsomely re-stored.routine: 例行公事,惯例,日常的 start the daily routine / a routine conference / Despite these prob-lems, routine work is continuing.spit: He was spitting out the husks of sun-flower seeds on the floor./ spit out curses at sb.18 stretch: 伸出,延伸,舒展 stretch out a friendly hand to sb./ The forest stretched hundreds of miles.19 symptom: 征候,症状 Calls for import controls were a symptom of the country’s present economic disease.tone: 音调,语气,声调,色调 a tone of apology(command)/ Mandarin Chinese has four tones./ a photograph in war tonestune: 曲调,调整频率,使协调和谐 I don’t know the tune to this song./ The price of gold coins fluc-tuates in tune with commodities.via: book a ticket to Amsterdam via Frankfurt

/ send a message via a friend / via airmailvirtual: 事实上生效的,实质上的 the virtual manager of the business / a virtual impossibility 虚拟的 virtual imagesuck in: 吸收,吸取;卷入 suck in knowledge 25 but then: 但另一方面 The circus was not a very good one, but then, the audience was not de-manding.set apart: 使分开;留出(时间金钱等)set the fighting boys apart from each other / One day of the week should be set apart for relaxation.take in: 接受,吸收 Tankers were taking in cargoes of finished oil products.欺骗 He couldn’t lie convincingly enough to take a child in.accent: 重音,口音 She had a strong Russian accent to her English.groceries: 食品杂货(词根gross, wholesale)30 aversion: 厌恶,反感 have an aversion to war / He is averse to flattery / Preparedness averts peril.31 socialize: 社交,交际 leave oneself little time for socializing

critic: a film(musical, literary, dramatic)critic33 interaction: All things are interrelated and in-teract on each other./ interactive graphic systems34 in sight: 看得见;在望,临近He is nowhere in sight./ Peace was in sight at last after four years of war.35 temper: change the structure of steel by tem-pering it at various temperatures / be in a good(bad)temper / lose one’s temper

sensitive: She is sensitive to criticism.37 commercial: 商业广告

remark: A local newspaper remarked that in-flation was not to be checked for the time being.39 project: 投射 You’re projecting again: I’m not angry with you;it’s you who are angry with me.40 external: 外部的,表面的,外用的 an external wound His art criticism had external brilliance but no substance./ a medicine for external use only41 intolerable: 不能忍受,无法容忍的 an intolera-ble burden / an intolerable multitude of volumes

Unit 5alternate: 交替,轮流,间隔的 alternate crops / al-ternate hot and cold compresses / alternate stripes of blue and white / alternate currentcoincide: 同位,同时发生,相符 The centers of concentric circles coincide./ It was no coincidence that the two disappeared on the same day.dedicate: 奉献,献给 A monument was dedicat-ed to the memory of soldiers who had died there./ The doctor dedicated himself to finding a cure.grace: 优美,宽限(期),恩典 She ran well, grace in every movement./ give a year’s grace / There are 3 days of grace allowed after the day for payment.5 groan: 呻吟;抱怨She was groaning about some essays she had to write.intensity: 强烈,强度,烈度 the intensity of the sun’s ray /labor intensity /A minor earthquake jolted this morning with a maximum intensity of three.-mere: 只不过,仅仅 Mere words won’t help./ Her office lies a mere hundred yards away from her apartment.motion: The train was already in motion when he jumped in./ the dancer’s graceful motions / The motion was defeated by 32 votes to 23.numerous: 许多,众多 There are numerous dif-ferences between the two /be too numerous to count 10 recur: 再发生,复发,被反复提及 It this cheating recurs, you will be expelled./ Certain fevers recur at regular intervals./ This is a problem that recurs with increasing frequency.soar: 翱翔;猛增,高涨 an eagle soaring into the sky / The price of food is soaring.startle: 使惊吓,惊人的 The horse startles easily./ a startling discoverytense: 拉紧的,紧张(局势)Is the rope tense? tension: 紧张,张力 Int’l tension should be reduced when this agreement is signed./ a tension test14 upper: a man somewhere in his upper thirties 15 vain: vain talk / All our work was in vain.自负: be vain of one’s appearancebe ashamed of: I am ashamed of myself for being so stupid.bring back to earth: 回到现实 Emily’s voice brought him back to earth.towel: I think it’s time to throw in the towel.19 vault: 跳跃(尤指手支撑跳或撑杆跳)The jockey vaulted into the saddle./ Her gymnastics perfor-mances vaulted her from obscurity to renown.locomotive: 机车 animals that are locomotive at birthhard-core: 铁杆,顽固不化的 the four hard-core leaders of the gangmotto: 座右铭,箴言;警句,题词chore(s): 杂务 free the teachers from some of their choresinflate: His modest exploits have been inflated to heroic proportions./ The government would in-flate the economy and then put on price controls.25 bale: 大包,大捆 a bale of cotton / He helped bale hay.sprint: 冲刺,短跑 put on a final sprint to pre-pare for the Olympic Gamestakeoff: The plane was so over-weighted that it nearly crashed on takeoff./ The postwar takeoff was particularly painful.erupt: 喷发,爆发 The volcano is due to erupt any day./ New violence and strikes erupted in that region.thump:(拟声词)重击,嘭声 The dictionary fell to the floor with a thump.sponsor: The firm is sponsoring an engineer-ing student at the university./ Who was the sponsor for the reform bill?

in one’s mind’s eye: 在头脑中想象 She was writing her next piece in her mind’s eye

Unit 6abnormal: 反常的,异常的 abnormal behavior /

an abnormal amount of rain / abnormal powers of recollectionbuzz: 嗡嗡,磁磁 The hall buzzed with whis-pered comments./ Buzz when you want me.3 convert: convert coal into pipeline gascrave: 渴望得到;恳求 The unhappy children craved their parents’ love./ I crave to hear his voice5 decent: 得体的,正派的,像样的 She did not have a decent dress for the ball./ Some decent black people were robbed./ decent working conditions 6 distinguish: 区分,辨别,使著名 distinguish facts from rumors / distinguish the sound of a piano in an orchestra / He distinguished himself in chemistry.7 faulty: faulty judgment(design, memory)flexible: 可弯曲,有弹性;灵活的 a flexible sche-dule /flexible foreign policy /flexible working hours9 hybrid: 杂交,混合 artificial hybrids of DNA and RNA / They’ll have a steam or electric car, or may-be a hybrid, soon in their garages.imply: 暗指,暗示,意味着 His silence implied consent./ Drama implies conflict.indication: Modesty is the indication of a great spirit./ In case of collapse the immediate indication is artificial respiration.ironic: 挖苦的,讽刺的 an ironic smile / There was irony in his tone.mechanical: a mechanical failure / mechanical applications of scienceminiature: 微缩的,小型,缩影 a miniature of the Eiffel Tower / a miniature book / Games are real life in miniature.panic: 恐慌,惊慌 Panic overwhelmed me./ The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns.premise: 前提,假设 a necessary premise to an argument / the major and minor premises on which a conclusion is basedshudder: 车辆震动;人打颤,发抖The ship shud-dered as she struck the rocks./ She gave a great shudder of pleasure from time to time.stumble: 绊脚,蹒跚;偶然遇到,碰巧 He stum-bled out of the bar to look for a cab./ Guess who I stumbled across yesterday? / stumble on a book / stumble into chaostransmission: 传送,输送;传染 the long-dis-tance transmission and distribution of electricity / the transmission of diseases /On top of the televi-sion tower, there is a steel transmission mast.herd: 兽群,牧群;人群herds of cattle and flocks of sheep and goats / Camels are grazing in herds.21 can’t help doing: 情不自禁,不自觉做某事grit(one’s teeth): 沙砾,磨料;坚定;咬紧,磨 She gritted her teeth and plunged into the cold water.23 when it comes to: 涉及,谈到 When it comes to politics I know nothing.guzzle: 狂饮,大量消耗 The wine was guzzled like lemonade./ ban cars that guzzle gasoline25 fluorescent: 荧光的,发荧光的 fluor: 萤石incredible: 不可信的;不可思议的,惊人的 The plot of the book is incredible./ at incredible speed / incredible news

Unit 7addition: He will be a valuable addition to our board./ an additional taxalternative:(两者或以上)择一,取舍,供替代的抉择 face the alternative of high taxes or poor highways / Is there any alternative to surgery? / We have no al-ternative in the matter.arouse: 唤起,激起 The music aroused an in-tense feeling of homesickness in him.ban:(以官方明令)禁止,查禁 announce a 30-day ban on hunting / lift the ban against foreign publi-cationsconquer: 攻克,征服 conquer shyness(one’s fear)/ They vowed to right and to conquer.corrupt: 腐败的,堕落的,(词语等)不纯的 The new rulers soon became corrupt./ Bad company may corrupt a good boy./These expressions merely cor-rupt your good English.descend: 下降,递减,起源于,是…的后裔 The sun descended behind the hills./ The countries supply-ing these products, in descending order, are the US, Germany…/ The festival descends from a religious rite./ His family descend from the first immigrants.8 drift: Some people have a purpose in life, others just drift./ a drift of population9 élite: 精英 a privileged elite / the elite of the army / the scientific elite / an elite corpsestablish: 建立,立足,确立 establish dams and windbreaks / an established fact / Cartoonists have established themselves as powerful social com-mentators.fascinate: 强烈地吸引,迷住 a vivacity that fas-cinates the audience / be fascinated with history12 habitual:习惯性的,惯常的 the habitual Sunday walk / She took her habitual place at the tableinhabit: 居住于,栖息;存在于 Fish inhabit the sea./ Near him, I could almost believe I still inha-bited my old days.invade: The Nazis invaded France in 1940./ I object to our family privacy being invaded.liberty: Students have liberty to use all the li-brary facilities./ take the liberty to do something.(冒昧地做某事)massive: 大块的,大量的,大规模的 a massive volume of 800 pages / make massive efforts / mas-sive hemorrhage / provide massive helpmodify: 修改,改造,修饰 modify a law(policy)Those aircraft were extensively modified and im-proved./Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives and oth-er adverbs.necessity: He’ll never learn German until the necessity arises./ Maps are a necessity to travelers / Man dies as a necessity./ Necessity knows no law.19 nourish: 养育,培养,助长 The country has ab-undant raw materials to nourish and develop her industries./A variety of animals nourish themselves on vegetables.resemble: 相似,形似,类似 He bears a striking resemblance to his father./ resemble each other in appearance or natureroyal: the royal family / Royal Air Forcesnack: 快餐,点心,小吃 buy a snack at a road-side stand / a mid-night snacksurrender: surrender one’s privileges / The enemy troops surrendered themselves to the PLA./ The glorious spring surrendered to the long summer 24 systematic: systematic classification / syste-matic habits / abolish all systems of exploitation of man by mantolerance: 宽容,容忍,耐受(药)Tolerance be-tween the races of the world is a must./ I’ve built up a tolerance to the drugs prescribed for me.come up with:(针对问题)提出,想出 He could always come up with a reason for them to linger another month.for effect: Here the speaker paused for effect28 put into practice: 付诸实践,实施 put principles into practice / He put his plans to practice.spring up: 涌现,(友谊等)产生 New buildings are springing up everywhere./ An attachment sprang up between him and her.strike out: 设计出,搞出,开辟 strike out a new plan / He decided to leave the company to strike out on his own as a writer.31 to an extent: To what extent would you believe it? / These shortages do not exist to the extent that you report / within the extent of human knowledge32 messy: a messy bed / messy thinking

parade: 庆祝游行,列队接受检阅parade through Tiananmen Square / The troops are on parade

corrupt: 腐败的;(文中解释为)充斥讹误的,不标准的,不纯的 speak a corrupt form of French / These expressions merely corrupt your good English.35 manufacture: manufacture paper from rags / manufacture steel into rails

pass on to: pass on extra labor costs to the consumer / He is passing on his knowledge to team mates.37 disciple: 门徒,信徒(与discipline词根相同)38 sovereign: 君主的,至尊的,拥有独立主权的 the rose, sovereign among flowers / a sovereign state / They refuse to give up sovereign over the island.39 renaissance: 复兴 a renaissance of interest in archaeology / the explosive renaissance of the Brit-ish theater in the late 1950s

capsule: 胶囊,航天舱,密封舱

catastrophe: 原指古希腊悲剧第4幕,现泛指灾难,结局 the catastrophe of war

thermometer: 温度计 thermo-表示“热”43 cyberspace: 网络空间/虚拟现实

academy: the U.S.Military Academy at West Point / the Chinese Academy of Sciences

shoot: 嫩芽,新枝 The rose trees are shooting this year.46 preserve: Few of his early poems are pre-served./ preserve fish in salt / a panda preserve / apricot preserves

intellectual: 智力的,知识的,知识分子 intellec-tual curiosity / an intellectual worker / intellectual property rights

Unit 8abundance:(来自abound,大量存在)多,充足;富有 a year of abundance / a river abundant in salmon 2 bloom: 即flower./ green leaves with red blooms / The roses are in bloom.blossom: 花(全部花朵);开花 cherry blossoms / All the orchards blossom in spring.brood: 一窝(雏鸡),孵蛋 The hen gathered her brood under her wings.chorus: 合唱(队),齐声 a chorus of protestcomplain: 抱怨,诉苦,抗议 complain about the weather / Our complaints fell on deaf ears.counterpart: 对应的人(物),对手方 the Red Cross Society of China and its Icelandic counterpart / Canada’s PM is the counterpart of the US President 9 creep: 爬行,渐渐出现 Age creeps on us all.10 desert: 抛弃,离弃 desert a friend in trouble 11 evil: 邪恶的,坏的 evil deeds / evil weather 12 flicker: 闪烁,摇曳 The candle flickered in the wind./ a flicker of hope(fear, envy)flock: 畜群,鸟群;一大群 People came in flocks to see the new dam./ flocks and herdsgrim: 无情的,严酷的 He is grim and ruthless 15 harmony: the beautiful picture of the harmony of sea and sky / His tastes(plans)are in harmony with mine./ They live together in perfect harmony.16 hatch: 孵出,孵化;策划 When will these eggs hatch out? / hatch a program of economic aid 17 migrant: 迁移的;候鸟 a migrant workerpatch: 补丁,贴片;斑,一小块地 The flowers made white patches against the grass.prosperous: 兴旺,繁荣昌盛的 a prosperous pe-riod of industrial growth / His farm prospered through good management.puzzle: 难题,使迷惑,困惑 The reason for their behavior remains a puzzle./ They were puzzled at our interest in legal matter.spell:(课文中意为)咒语,魔力 use witchcraft to spell sb./ break the spell / spellboundstark: 苛刻的,僵硬的,无掩饰的 stark discipline / a stark contrast / a stark terror / stark nonsense23 stricken: 患病的,受侵害的,罹难 a stricken area(region)/ be stricken with fever / crisis-stricken24 surroundings: 周围情况,环境 picturesque sur-roundingsthrob: 跳动,搏动,震动,颤动 The engine was throbbing gently./ a throbbing pulsetragedy: Hamlet is one of Shakespeare’s best known tragedies.vegetation: 草木,植被 jungle vegetationwither: 干枯,枯萎 Crops wither up after they are cut./ Old age withered her face.feed on: Sheep feed mostly on grass./ rumors which feed on ignorance and superstitionscores of: I have scores of things to do./ I have been there scores of times.31 settle on/over: As a thick fog settled on the ground, it became too dark to play outside./ Dark-ness settled over the lake.

第二篇：新视野大学英语读写教程第2册_课后答案

新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 1答案 Unit 1 Section A I Comprehension of The Text 1.The attitude is that if one is not moving ahead he is falling behind.2.Time is treated as if it were something almost real.(People budget it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it;they also charge for it.)They do this because time is a precious resource.3.Everyone is in a rush — often under pressure.City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping.4.Don’t take it personally.This is because people value time highly and they resent someone else ―wasting‖ it beyond a certain appropriate point.5.New arrivals in America will miss opening exchanges, the ritual interaction that goes with a cup of coffee or tea and leisurely chats.6.Americans produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices.They communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts.7.The impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand.8.It is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem or fulfill a job with speed in the U.S.Vocabulary III 1.charge 2.convention 3.efficient 4.obtain 5.competent 6.assessing 7.fulfill 8.conducting consequently 10.significance IV．

1．behind 2.at 3.in 4.out 5.to 6.to 7.in 8.with 9.but 10.for V.1.L 2.C 3.D 4.N 5.O 6.A 7.E 8.G 9.I 10.K Word Building VI

1.commitment 2.attraction 3.appointment 4.impression

5.civilization 6.composition 7.confusion 8.congratulation

9.consideration 10.explanation 11.acquisition 12.depression VII.desirable

favorable

considerable

acceptable

drinkable

advisable

remarkable preferable 1.advisable 2.desirable 3.favorable 4.considerable 5.remarkable 6.preferable 7.drinkable 8.acceptable Structure VIII

1.much less can he write English articles 2.much less can he manage a big company 3.much less could he carry it upstairs 4.much less have I spoken to him 5.much less to read a lot outside of it IX

1.Having meals at home can cost as little as two or three dollars, whereas eating out at a restaurant is always more expensive.2.We thought she was rather proud, whereas in fact she was just very shy.3.We have never done anything for them, whereas they have done so much for us.4.Natalie prefers to stay for another week, whereas her husband prefers to leave immediately.5.Some praise him highly, whereas others put him down severely Translation X.1.She wouldn’t take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner.2.He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth.3.How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week?

4.The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.5.Such measures are likely to result in the

improvement of work efficiency.6.We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.XI 1.我认为他不会抢劫，更不用说暴力抢劫了。furthermore 10.interact IV.1.interact with 2.gone through 3.deal with 4.recovered from

5.adjusting to 6.familiar to 7.In spite of 8.2.男工平均工资每小时10美元，而女工才每小时7美元。

3.自然界的平衡一旦遭到破坏，就会带来很多不可预知的影响。

4.期终考试迫在眉睫，你最好多花点时间看书。

5.有趣的是，消费者发现越来越难以辨别某些品牌的原产国。其部分原因来自于全球化带来的影响，部分原因是由于产地的变化。6.最近一次调查表明，妇女占总劳动力的40%。Cloze 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.C

11.D 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.A Structured Writing XIV.A larger and larger part of society is expressing its concern about environmental protection.Active in their concern, teachers and students hold specific meetings to discuss environmental protection.Also, city planners take environmental problems into serious consideration.And, though reducing pollution can be expensive, factories often take every possible measure to do their part.Many people are concerned and active because air and water pollution affects everyone and makes it difficult for cities to survive and businesses to make a profit.Section B.Comprehension of the Text II.1.D 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B Vocabulary III.1.utilize 2.reject 3.considerable 4.temporary 5.acceptable

6.recognition 7.alleviate 8.appreciate 9.were tired of

9.prevented from 10.came to

新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 2答案 Unit Two Section A

I.Comprehension of the Text

1.She felt that Nikolai was quite different from what she had expected;still, she was quite nervous.2.No.Actually she was quite surprised when Nikolai suggested that.3.They went through a lot of hard training sessions full of pain and tears.Yet the training was really productive.4.Yes, he did.He was always practicing while others were relaxing themselves.5.In training, they were strict coach and determined athlete;at other times, they were on good terms with each other, like friends.6.Because Nikolai sang out instructions in a regular manner, similar to those of a dance instructor.7.the writer achieved a fourth place in the nation, but they didn’t manage to participate in the Olympics.8.Besides improving her skills under Nikolai’s instruction, she also learned the importance of determination with courage, heart, and discipline;most important of all, she learned to be thankful and loving while living in this world.Vocabulary III.1.promising 2.amusing 3.lowered 4.persisted 5.rank

6.swear 7.unfair 8.presence 9.frowning 10.approximately IV.1.on 2.upon 3.on 4.in 5.by 6.to 7.in

8.of 9.on 10.out V.1.O 2.K 3.D 4.H 5.J 6.E 7.M 8.G 2.Mike didn’t come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation.9.B 10.A Word Building VI.1.observe—observer: one who observes a person or an event 2.ski—skier: one who skis 3.visit—visitor: one who visits somebody or some place 4.learn—learner: one who learns something 5.report—reporter: one who reports on persons or events for a newspaper 6.drink—drinker: one who often drinks alcohol, esp, too much VII.Tropical global dangerous central environmental occasional musical natural 1.tropical 2.musical 3.occasional 4.environmental 5.global 6.dangerous 7.natural 8.central Sentence Structure VIII.1.they didn’t lose heart despite lots of frustration.2.Despite the heavy rain, the boys played football in the yard all afternoon.3.I will try my best despite the slim chances of success.4.Despite a thorough search for the escaped prisoner in the mountain, no sign of him was found.5.Despite their increased income, their life became poorer because of the rising prices.IX.1.nor do I think it necessary to do so 2.nor would they go to my sister’s

3.nor do we have her telephone number 4.Nor would I like to go to work immediately 5.now would I Translation X.1.Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents.3.The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer.4.He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses.5.The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence.6.This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience.XI.1.尽管那项计划一开始就证明是不切实际的，但是他们还是坚持要实施。

2.我无法说服他接受这项计划，也无法使他认识到这项计划的重要性。

3.你是怎么把那么多东西塞进这个小行李箱的？

4.别人对他怎么看，他全不在意。5.我能否指出你犯了个小错误。

6.他母亲让他开车慢一点儿，但是他从不把她的话放在心上。Cloze XII.1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.B 14.C 15.D XIV.Computers, just like any new technology, have a negative side.As more and more computers are used in production lines, many jobs are being taken over by computer-controlled machines.As a result, many workers are finding themselves jobless.This constitutes a threat to social security.Another problem is computer crimes.For example, some people are finding ways to break into the bank computer systems and transfer large sums of money to their own accounts.There have been many reports like this.One more negative effect of computers is that they bring about health problems.Sitting in front of computers all day undoubtedly affects people’s health.Back pain, wrist pain, failing eyesight, to name only a few.Section B Reading Skills

I.1.D 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.B

Comprehension of the Text II.1.D 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B Vocabulary III.1.sake 2.sacrificed 3.crack 4.pursuing they had honestly confronted the weaknesses and strengths of each other’s characters.3.They learned a great deal about tolerance, compromise, and being open with each other.4.As with many couples, they got married for the wrong reasons and found out many years later that 5.explosive 6.overcome 7.indicated 8.opponents 9.stripped 10.denied IV.1.Natasha made herself stand out in the group interview by acting as the leader in her group.2.To be successful, you need a careful plan, good luck, help at the right time, and above all, hard work.3.They are not doing this to gain recognition or money;they are doing this for the sake of society.4.It was actually what he said rather than what he did that made me sad.5.Once my mother sets her mind on something, it will be very hard to stop her.6.Years of research had set the stage for their success in their field.7.Local people are used to the phenomenon, so they are not surprised at all.8.Today at this meeting we are going to focus on the question of air pollution.9.He never expected that his best friend would charge him with cheating in the exam.10.His parents were so strict with him in his studies that he had little time to participate in any activities outside of class.新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 3答案 Unit 3 Section A Comprehension of the Text 1.The writer is a black man who is not an American citizen.2.According to him, during their two years together they had experienced the usual ups and downs of a couple learning to know, understand, and respect each other.In addition he thought they were incompatible.They didn’t take enough time to know each other.5.Her mother, counseled Gail to be really sure she was doing the right thing.6.He immediately suspected that Mark was marrying his daughter in order to remain in the United States.7.He quoted statistics showing that mixed couples had a higher divorce rate than couples of the same race and gave examples of mixed couples he had counseled who were having marital difficulties.8.People can be very cruel toward children from mixed marriages.Vocabulary III.1.mutual 2.illusion 3.canceled?? 4.overlooked??? 5.proceeded 6.resolve 7.prejudice 8.compromise 9.confirm 10.subsequently IV.1.having nothing to do with 2.taking care of 3.met with 4.on the surface 5.work out 6.incompatible with 7.ups and downs 8.learned of 9.indication of 10.all along V.1.M 2.L 3.F 4.D 5.H?? 6.O?? 7.A?? 8.C 9.I?? 10.K Word Building VI.1.shopping 2.feeling 3.storage 4.cooking 5.ending 6.beginning 7.gathering 8.removal 9.arrival?? 10.passage?? 11.writing?? 12.marriage VII.1.relationship 2.citizenship3.leadership 4.membership 5.boyhood 6.livelihood 7.brotherhood 8.authorship 9.adulthood 10.neighborhood?? 11.wisdom 12.ownership

Sentence structure VIII.1.It is never too bad(for us)to do something about the situation.2.One is never too old to learn.3.It is never too late(for you)to put a stop to this madness.4.It is never too late(for you)to mend your ways.5.His income was never too small to support his family.IX.1.My best friend, Anna, was here last night.2.The company manager, Mr.Madison, gathered his staff and announced the decision.3.You should have seen an ophthalmologist, an eye doctor.4.He sent for the accountant, the most experienced person in accounting.5.“Leave it to me,” said David, the man on night duty.Translation X.1.You are never too experienced to learn new techniques.2.There remains one problem, namely, who should be sent to head the research there.3.Their relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences.4.Though he has had ups and downs, I believed all along that he would succeed someday.5.I have some reservations about the truth of your claim.6.She isn't particularly tall, but her slim figure gives an illusion of height.XI.1.应尽早告知年轻人：必须认真对待法律。2.他现在面临一个重要决定，这个决定可能会影响他的整个前程。

3.即使在情况最糟糕的时候，你也必须保持镇静和信心。

4.人际关系的成功与否与双方相处是否融洽以及交流是否顺畅有很大关系。5.他受到袭击，身受重伤，随后不治而亡。6.他的举止至少在表面上像个正常人。Cloze XII.1.A?? 2.C?? 3.B??? 4.B?? 5.C??? 6.B??? 7.C??? 8.D?? 9.C?? 10.D

11.B 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.D Structured Writing XIV.Many people place so much emphasis on success that they think any failure is bad.Failure is never pleasant because it hurts people.But in fact it can make positive contribution to our life once we learn how to make the best of it.We can learn from a disastrous party how to give a good one.And we can learn from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second.Even a total failure can give us fresh ideas or a change of direction.Repeated failures lead to success and prove to be beneficial to us as we experiment every day to find out the right way of doing things.Section B Reading skills I.1.F?? 2.F?? 3.O 4.F?? 5.O?? 6.O?? 7.O?? 8.F?? 9.O?? 10.F

Comprehension of the Text II.1.C 2.A?? 3.D?? 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.D Vocabulary III.1.arrange?? 2.criticism?? 3.innocent 4.criticizing?? 5.miserable 6.modest 7.compelled 8.somehow 9.anticipate10.birlliant IV.1.on 2.from...to 3.off 4.with 5.away

6.about 7.over 8.On9.Concerning 10.to

新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 4答案 Unit 4 Section A:

Comprehension of the Text

1.He was waiting to see a woman who had filled

a special place in his life for the past thirteen months.2.Soon after he volunteered for military service, he received a book and a letter from this woman.3.John Blandford was the only person to write her back.4.She had faithfully written to John.Even when his letters did not arrive, she wrote anyway, without decrease.5.As long as he received her letters, he felt as thought he could survive.6.She declined his request and explained her objection.7.Yes, but she had asked a lady well over forty to wear the rose on her coat.8.She wanted to make sure that John didn’t love her just for her beauty.Vocabulary III.1.forbid 2.identical 3.objection 4.warmth 5.volunteers 6.overseas7.declined 8.resisted9.fancy10.decrease/decline IV.1.without fail 2.volunteer for 3.as long as 4.right away 5.more than6.am thankful...for7.wrote back8.forbidden from 9.vanished into 10.was free to V.1.O 2.J 3.G 4.H 5.L 6.A 7.E 8.B 9.C 10.N Word Building VI.1.sadness??? 2.weakness?? 3.carelessness 4.illness 5.darkness?? 6.kindness?? 7.laziness 8.nervousness VII.1.noisy??2.wealthy?3.sunny??4.lucky 5.tasty??6.healthy?7.angry? 8.icy Sentence structure VIII.1.It is necessary for the manager to finish the whole task before leaving for a holiday.2.It is a shame to take so much money for doing so little.3.It is our responsibility to help people around us who are in trouble.4.It is a surprise for us all to realize he has been cheating us.5.It is pleasant for the mother to see her daughter growing into a young lady.IX.1.as long as she got her father's agreement 2.As long as you set a goal for yourself

3.As long as she covers all the expenses herself 4.as long as she does her job well 5.As long as you never lose heart Translation X.1.It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar.2.It doesn't matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches mice.3.You must let me have the money back without fail by ten o'clock tomorrow morning.4.Allow me to take part in this project: I am more than a little interested in it.5.Everyone knows that he is special: He is free to come and go as he pleases.6.Watching the unhappy look on her face, I felt as though she wished to say something to me.XI.1.现如今，仅仅受过中等教育的人要想找份好工作越来越难了。

2.留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。

3.如果你对所购物品不满意，我们将很乐意退款。

4.我们对这块伟大的美丽的土地心怀感激之情，多年来它迎接了众多的人来这里的海滩游览。

5.让老师吃惊的是，没人自愿当班长。

6.那条狗忠心耿耿地继续在火车站等待主人，直到两年后死去。Cloze XII.1.B?? 2.C?? 3.A??? 4.D??? 5.B?? 6.A?? 7.D?? 8.D?? 9.C 10.A 11.A?? 12.B?? 13.D 14.C?? 15.C

XIV.Parents have to save a large amount of money for their children to study abroad.Apart from the international flight, they have to pay for their daily expense, such as food, shelter, entertainment, long-distance telephone calls, and clothing.In addition, the children should have some money ready to cover unexpected expenses.Section B: Reading skills I.1.I am almost dead.2.I am moving across the landscape.3.I have achieved a modest amount of prosperity.4.A friend convinces me to go on a blind date with a lady friend of his.5.Roma gets a faraway look in her eyes.Comprehension of the Text II.1.D?? 2.A 3.C?? 4.A?? 5.B?? 6.B?? 7.C?? 8.A Vocabulary III.1.insurance??? 2.descended??? 3.precision?? 4.trace?? 5.stain 6.specify?? 7.accustomed 8.embraced?? 9.knelt?? 10.prosperity IV.1.The Rockefeller family achieved a huge amount of prosperity in the oil business.2.What all workers have in common is expecting better working conditions.3.You don't know what his feelings will be, as they change from day to day.4.This is generally a warm place, but we do get freezing weather on occasion.5.Every year at Christmas drunk driving takes its toll on the joyful atmosphere.6.Many people still cling to the hope that one day there will be peace between the two countries.7.He was so angry that he lost control.8.The climate in Alaska is a far cry from that of Florida.9.How on earth did she manage to pass the test? 10.His career as a teacher came to an end when he broke his leg, but he continued to write textbooks for students.新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 5答案 Unit 5 Section A:

Comprehension of the Text I.1.She feels terrible.She wants to weep and she does weep a little.2.He smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself.3.He father was hooked by cigarettes.Though he smoked Prince Albert tobacco, he never looked as fashionable as Prince Albert;he continued to look like a poor, overweight, hard-working colored man with too large a family.4.By that time, her father’s health had become poor.His breathing was difficult;he had to rest very often when he was climbing stairs.It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour.5.Money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies.As a result, over time, people starve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, and eventually killing themselves.6.Cigarette ends are so poisonous that if a baby swallows one, it is likely to die.Also, the boiled water from a hunch of cigarette ends makes an effective insecticide.7.she still remembers how carefully she ate when she was pregnant, and how patiently she taught her daughter how to cross a street safely, but now her daughter smokes, which amounts to killing herself by taking poison, as her father did.8.Smoking is a form of self-battering that also batters others who must sit by.Vocabulary III.1.hardened?? 2.shelter?? 3.slim?? 4.weaken?? 5.Literally 6.noticeable?? 7.bunch 8.drag 9.grateful?? 10.hooked IV.1.leaned on?? 2.close at hand?? 3.die of?? 4.are starved of?? 5.coupled with 6.is directed...at?? 7.are...dressed in??? 8.grateful to 9.struggling to 10.a bunch of V.1.J?? 2.G?? 3.K?? 4.M?? 5.E 6.O?? 7.D 8.H indoors.5.Connie changed her mind for the second time, which came as no surprise to us.IX.1.The teacher spoke so quietly that the students could hardly hear her.2.The lecture was so boring that many listeners fell asleep.3.The student has so many books that he does not 9.A?? 10.C Word Building VI.1.Under the pleasant situation the property prices are just beginning to harden again.2.In the past few years, these inside conflicts have weakened the government's position.3.Every Sunday the father takes his child to libraries, museums, exhibitions or natural parks, as he believes that this helps to broaden the child's mind.4.The days are lengthening as summer approaches.5.As she was waiting for the result to come out, her excitement heightened.6.The taking on of a new secretary lightened his workload considerably.7.As he listened to his assistant reporting on the progress of the project, the manager's face darkened with anger.8.Before night fell, the setting sun reddened the clouds.VII.1.arrival 2.expectations?? 3.understandable?? 4.Visitors 5.freedom?? 6.profitable 7.lucky 8.gathering Sentence structure VIII.1.John went to the cinema with his brother, which surprised me.2.The boy broke the window, for which he was criticized by the teacher.3.He tore up my photo, by which I was angered very much.4.It was raining hard, for which the team stayed know what to do with them.4.The old man was so ill that his neighbors had to send for a doctor.5.Her remarks are so funny that everyone laughs to tears.Translation X.1.He spoke confidently, which impressed me most.2.My father is so forgetful that he is always looking for his keys.3.I'm very grateful to you for all the help you have given me.4.The bad light, coupled with the wet ground, made driving very difficult.5.Being starved of funds, they had to cancel their plan to start a business.6.They always lean on us whenever they are in trouble.XI.1.飞机可能会晚点几个小时，要是那样，我们等着就没有什么意义了。

2.乔治常常说谎，因此当他说他考试得了高分时没人相信他。

3.除了附近位于十字路口的那家小工厂，一切都静悄悄的。

4.缺少睡眠的人会感到很难集中心思干活。5.我安排人去机场接克拉克先生，然后带他去宾馆。

6.一到达山顶，游客们都高兴地大叫起来。Cloze XII.1.C?? 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.D? 7.A 8.D?? 9.C 10.B?

11.D 12.A 13.A 14.D 15.C XIV.There are many problems for mixed marriages.The number one reason is the cultural differences between the mixed couple, like those in customs and lifestyle.Many people have prejudice against mixed marriages.They often feel shocked to see people of different races get married and have doubts about such marriages.What’s more, children from mixed marriages tend to be looked down upon or even badly treated by their peers.Mixed marriages face many trials, and as a result, mixed couples have higher divorce rates than couples of the same race.Section B: Reading skills I.1.giving them many material possessions 2.change continually and frequently 3.a sudden, uncontrollable feeling of regret 4.makes(the parent-child relationship)go wrong;taking(some of the happiness and mutual respect)away from(parents and their children)5.start a new course of improved behavior Comprehension of the Text II.1.A 2.C?? 3.D?? 4.D 5.A

6.B?? 7.B?? 8.C Vocabulary III.1.assigned 2.compensate 3.prompt 4.manner?? 5.tendency 6.undermined 7.submit?? 8.inferred?? 9.fluctuates?? 10.responded IV.1.Jean wrote the speaker's address down in her notebook for fear that she might forget it.2.Passengers must show their tickets on demand.3.Officials are bound to investigate any possible corruption.4.I took it for granted that you would come with us, so I bought you a ticket.5.She has been selfish all the time, but she has promised to turn over a new leaf and become more loving toward others.6.People in this region have pined for a peaceful life since the religious war broke out three decades ago.7.Poor health had made it difficult for Jim to hold down a job for more than a year.8.Betty gets very depressed at times because of the pressure of her work.9.The boys at my school used to make fun of me because I have a flat nose.10.Jenny kept begging me for a new bicycle, and I finally gave in.新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 6答案 Unit 6

Comprehension of the Text I.1.She didn’t like her first name because it didn’t suit her good looks and elegant manner, and it made her think she should be a cook.2.She felt more comfortable with herself and other people started to take her more seriously.3.the writer thinks that the name change didn’t cause Debbie’s professional achievement, but it surely helped by making her feel more self-confident about her talents.4.The writer thought that his name, Joe, made him seem more qualified to be a baseball player than an art critic.He also believed that if he had a more refined name, like Arthur or Adrian, his name would appear complete.5.The woman felt ill at ease because the attractive man, whom she wanted the writer to introduce her to, was the same person whom she had once turned down due to his dull-sounding name.6.We often project name-based stereotypes onto people.For example, one of the writer’s women friends confessed that while taking charge of a group of four-year-olds at the nursery school, she became confused by their personalities because of their names.7.One study showed that teachers gave lower grades to essays written by boys with less appealing names than they awarded to the same papers by boys with better-sounding names.4.uncovered 5.ungrateful

6.unloading 7.8.If you are determined enough, you can change unlimited 8.undid your name.Sentence structure Vocabulary VIII.III.1.so is air to man 1.confessed 2.reserve 3.professional 4.2.?so is the eagle of all birds impressive

5.latter 6.convey 7.qualify

3.?so is beer to the British 8.refined

9.substitute

10.approval IV.1.?Correct form: fill out;synonym: fill in 2.?Correct form: feel comfortable with;synonym: feel comfortable about 3.?Correct form: attach first importance to;translation: 非常重视； 把……放在第一位 4.?Correct form: turned down;synonym: rejected;refused 5.?Correct form: came(up)to;definition: moved toward 6.?Correct form: pressing me for;definition: try in a determined way to get something.7.?Correct form: free from/of;definition: not influenced by 8.?Correct form: stuck with;translation: 不得不接待； 被迫接待 9.?Correct form: for better or worse;definition: whether the result is good or bad 10.Correct form: took charge of;synonym: took responsibility for V.1.M 2.K 3.L 4.F 5.I 6.C 7.H 8.O 9.E 10.B Word Building VI.illegal

impolite irregular impatient incapable irresponsible

inconsistent inappropriate incorrect

indefinite 1.impatient

2.irresponsible

3.inconsistent 4.illegal

5.inappropriate 6.incapable

7.irregular

8.impolite 9.incorrect 10.indefinite VII.unnoticeable

unreasonable ungrateful unlimited uncertain uncover unrecognizable unfashionable undo untidy unfold unload 1.unreasonable

2.unfolded

3.uncertain 4.?so is tea to the Chinese 5.?so do the English love their beer IX.1.?While waiting at the doctor’s, I read an entire short story.2.?After using the brush, put it in its proper place.3.?Before being in the army, he was an engineer.4.?I deliberately didn’t read the book before going to see the film.5.?When buying a new car, it is best to seek expert advice.Translation X.1.(Just)as a machine needs regular running, so does the body need regular exercise.2.He learned to play the piano while studying in the United States.3.To our disappointment, he turned down our invitation.4.The reality is that, for better or worse, the world has changed with advance of new technologies.5.Most of the female students in my class appear to be ill at ease when(they are)required to answer questions.6.The local government took charge of the security for the sports meeting.XI.1.?足球之于意大利人，就像乒乓球之于中国人。2.?教师没急着要班里同学现在作决定，而是要他们仔细考虑后再下决心。

3.?我不知道那是什么饮料，我喝了那么多；结果那些小伙子只能送我回家，因为我有点醉了。4.?在中国北方，三月份往往多风。

5.?尽管如此，政府已经同意总支出增加6.2%。6.信息被定义为通过陈述事实向大脑传达的知识，它可以有多种形式。Cloze

XII.1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.C 4.Fear, uncertainty, and doubt, together with lack of control.11.C 12.B 13.A 14.A 15.A Structured Writing: My hometown and my college town have several things in common.First, my hometown is a small town.It has a population of only about 10,000 people.Located in a rural area, it is surrounded by many acres of farmland which are devoted mainly to growing corn and soybeans.As for my college town, it is small too.Having a population of about 11,000 local residents, it lies in the center of farmland which is used to raise hogs and cattle.Therefore living in my college town makes me feel at home.I enjoy it.Section B Comprehension of the Text II.1.F 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.T 7.T 8.F Vocabulary III.1.tidy

2.prevail

3.emotional

4.imitating

5.discourage 6.bargain 7.wander

8.superficial

9.concealed 10.accompanies IV.1.turned out 2.is not really up to 3.went to great lengths 4.acting out 5.spoke of 6.Judging by 7.out of character 8.took sides 9.blow his cover 10.more or less

新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 7答案 Unit 7 Comprehension of the Text I.1.You should learn to take charge of your life and recognize there are many things beyond your control.2.Being tense may cause tremendous and rapid increases in their blood pressure.3.They found the excess alarm or stress chemicals could literally burst heart muscle fibers, creating many short circuits and causing crazy heat rhythms.5.One kind is professional women, and the other kind is people who have no compass in life.6.The NICE factors –new, interesting, challenging experiences.7.Cut it down to 6 and set priorities.8.You must learn to flow.Vocabulary III.1.react??? 2.tense?? 3.recommended??? 4.destructive 5.perceive 6.emphasis 7.stirred??? 8.priority??? 9.attributed??? 10.stimulate IV.1.blow his top? 2.Among other things 3.take charge of 4.put emphasis on 5.is attributed to??6.from my viewpoint 7.substituted low-fat oil for butter 8.cut down on 9.keep your audience in mind 10.out of control V.1.N?? 2.E?? 3.G?? 4.J?? 5.I?? 6.A?? 7.C?? 8.L?? 9.D?? 10.O Word Building VI.1.endless??? 2.thoughtful??? 3.harmful??? 4.restless 5.beautiful 6.successful??? 7.fearless?? 8.joyful VII.realize??? privatize characterize??? socialize nationalize?? economize normalize?? criticize 1.nationalized 2.criticized?? 3.normalized?? 4.economize

5.realized? 6.socializing 7.privatized?? 8.characterizes Sentence structure VIII.1.When you are studying abroad, misunderstandings can result from cultural differences, among other things.2.Online learning requires, among other things, commitment and discipline to keep up with the flow of the course.3.The research work was severely criticized for

its poor management, among other things.4.They discussed, among other things, the future of the oil industry.5.The article shows, among other things, the negative effects of generation gap between parents and children.IX.1.The more often I practice, the better I play.2.The higher we got up in the air, the colder it became.3.The more carbon the steel contains and the quicker the cooling is, the harder the steel becomes.4.The more I thought about his suggestion, the more doubtful I became.5.The more he eats, the fatter he becomes.Translation X.1.At the meeting they discussed, among other things, the present economic situation.2.The more I learned about the nature, the more absorbed I became in its mystery.3.The doctor recommends that those stressed people should try something new, interesting and challenging in order to give their negative feelings an outlet.4.The teacher gives more homework to the student who has bad grades instead of cutting it down.5.By contrast, American parents are more likely to attribute their children's success to natural talent.6.One of a teacher's priorities is to stimulate students' interests and their creativity.XI.1.除了其他内容，他的研究还牵涉到发展中国家与爱滋病的斗争。

2.这些人明白了他们的服务越好，他们就挣得越多。

3.尽管父亲似乎忧虑不安，但苏珊感觉不到他在表情或行动上有什么变化。

4.能获得多少经济资助已成为学生选择上哪所学校的更重要的因素。

5.她已经减少了外出和买衣服的花费,但她还是没钱开始还债。

6.控制压力的方法之一是认识到生活中有很多事情是我们无法掌控的。CLOZE XII.1.D 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.D 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.B Structured Writing

My friend Jack has become a workaholic.He has too strong a desire to prove himself.According to him, good enough is never good enough.While others want only to finish a few things, he aims to do everything by himself.Also, he is unwilling to spend time with his family, playing with the dog, or going fishing.He would feel guilty if he did so, because he believes that all his time should be spent working.He even wishes that he could have a day of 26 hours or even more.He has become a workaholic whether he likes it or not.Section B

Comprehension of the Text II.1.F 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T?? 6.F 7.F?? 8.T Vocabulary III.1.constant?? 2.ambition?? 3.consequence?? 4.evident?? 5.summarize

6.welfare 7.schedule?? 8.attaining?? 9.loyal 10.indispensable IV.1.There isn't anything to do other than wait to see what will happen.2.Although Bill was going to the movies, he told Joe to the contrary.3.I wonder who it was that defined man as a rational animal.4.Traveling in that country isn't necessarily expensive;you can find reasonably priced hotels and restaurants.5.Janet tends to get angry if you bother her.6.I would rather walk there than go by bus.7.She was held for twenty days and at times she feared for her life.8.He's been burning the midnight oil for a week

now, getting ready for finals.9.For many people the only possible way to escape from poverty is to move to other countries.10.Born in Milan, he dropped out of university to devote himself to music.新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 8答案 Unit 8 Comprehension of the Text I.1.Today’s college beginners are more consumeristic and less at any time in the 17 years of the poll.2.It is less important than being financially well off or successful.3.Work is not the only thing they live for, and they are meant to do more.4.To help students become aware of the meaning of life.5.Education teaches us to see the connections between things as well as see beyond our immediate needs.6.We can improve our moral sense by acquiring knowledge accumulated throughout the ages.7.In the long run, education should be about teaching people how to distinguish right from wrong.8.We ought to give our ability to our work but our genius to our lives.Vocabulary III.1.render 2.contribution 3.popular 4.institutions 5.enrolled

6.diverse 7.accumulated 8.distinguish 9.puzzling 10.confine IV.1.His past record is certainly something he is proud of.2.The members of the committee, after a two-hour discussion, finally arrived at a solution.3.If we want to arrive there in time, we have to travel by day as well as by night.4.I was shocked when I read of his death in a newspaper.5.According to the police, the young man was arrested at the scene of the robbery.6.There is nothing more frustrating than spending hours searching for information, only to discover the information useless.7.It is unnecessary to worry a lot.In fact, things will get better in the long run.8.My smile was meant to show interest in this trip, but Carla was far too intelligent to believe it showed anything of the sort.9.The number of students who want to be enrolled in engineering courses is way up.10.The little girl is so fond of her dog that she gives it a piece of chocolate every day.V.1.A

2.D

3.M

4.N

5.E

6.J

7.C

8.L

9.G

10.H Word Building VI.1.weekly

2.attractive

3.worldly

4.costly

5.secondary

6.leisurely 7.earthly 8.customary 9.protective 10.progressive

11.sickly

12.momentary 13.manly 14.orderly VII.1.backward(s)2.strangely

3.outward(s)4.unfortunately

5.homeward(s)6.originally 7.sadly 8.inward(s)

Sentence structure VIII.1.On no account will they give up the plan.2.Little does he know much his parents love him.3.Not until he read the report did he realize what a serious mistake he had made.4.Hardly could the poor old man fall asleep with a pain in his leg.5.Under no conditions will we give in to their demands.IX.1.While I agree it is a tough problem, I don’t think it cannot be solved.2.While Sara cannot come to help us, she will give us some suggestions.3.While people admit pollution is very serious, few are willing to take measures.4.While it’s raining hard now, it will clear up anytime.5.While it is true we need money badly, we cannot steal it.Translation X.1.Little did she know that this picture would one day be worth more than a million dollars.2.While I understand what you say, I don’t agree with you on the issue.3.I think the police are meant to protect people.4.I went to see him yesterday, only to find that he had gone abroad several days before.5.At the weekly meeting, everyone must confine their remarks to the subject.6.If only I hadn’t said those silly words!I was too young then to distinguish right from wrong.XI.1.五年前我几乎不会想到今天我会与这么多来自世界各地的学生坐在一起学习英语。2.虽然这些职位给你带来荣耀和权力，但是它也赋予你巨大的责任。

3.从长远来看，粮食生产和人口增长之间的竞争难以轻易解决。

4.有时我们发现，自己爬上了成功的阶梯，却发现阶梯靠在错误的墙壁上。（即：我们爬上去了，却发现不是自己真正追求的东西。）5.新计划的目的是让年轻人快速走上管理岗位。

6.这个年轻人志向高远，非常希望能有所成就，让父母为他骄傲。

Cloze XII.1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.A 11.C 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.D 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.A XIV.There has been a sad tendency among youngsters in valuing material things more and more.For college students, the most popular subjects that they prefer to choose are accounting, computer programming, business, etc.When they graduate from colleges, the jobs they prefer to choose are sales representative, advertisement designing, international business, etc.Fewer and fewer people are choosing teaching or social services as their life career.Section B

Comprehension of the Text II.1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.F 8.F Vocabulary III.1.eliminate 2.displayed 3.implicit 4.promotion 5.motivated

6.prospect 7.constructed 8.civil

9.preference 10.absence IV.1.Correct form: in particular;synonym: especially/particularly

2.Correct form: in short;synonym: in brief

3.Correct form: are committed to;definition: promise to do(sth.)

4.Correct form: based … on;definition: use… as a basis

5.Correct form: By/In comparison;synonym: compared to

6.Correct form: at large;synonym: as a whole;in general

7.Correct form: happy with;synonym: satisfied with

8.Correct form: associated with;synonym: connected with

9.Correct form: ground to a halt;definition: gradually stop

10.Correct form: protect… from;synonym: defend… from

新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 9答案 Unit 9

Comprehension of the Text I.1.His mother.Because she influenced his thoughts and attitudes toward life.2.He learned from his mother that one should never quit.3.The family was homeless, jobless and penniless with three babies waiting to be fed.4.She quit school to find a job as a grocer and moved the family to live with her brother, Allen.5.She discovered in him a talent for words.6.Though very poor, she signed him up for a set of books for intermediate and advanced readers.7.He worked as a reporter with the Baltimore Sun and later with The New York Times.He won the Pulitzer Prize.8.No, she didn’t have the chance to know of it because her health collapsed, but she always believed in it.Vocabulary III.1.ambitious 2.sympathize 3.tender 4.considering 5.corruption 6.scattered 7.intermediate 8.corresponding 9.equivalent 10.deceived IV.1.to 2.around 3.to/with 4.up 5.out 6.to 7.out 8.of 9.From 10.in V.1.J 2.M 3.F 4.L 5,A 6.O 7.G 8.D 9.I

10.C Word Building VI.1.After working extra hours for several months, I have repaid the money to the bank.2.I didn’t enjoy the story at first, but I came to like it when I reread it.3.He replaced the book on the shelf when he finished it.4.She is slowly regaining he strength after the accident.5.The old city center was redesigned after the war.6.She was asked to reconsider her decision to leave the job.7.After the disaster the government spent millions of dollars helping the local people to reconstruct their homes.8.The museum has such a fine set of old paintings that it is worth revisiting.VII.1.dishonest 2.discouraged 3.displeased 4.discontinued

5.disappearing 6.discharged 7.disclosed 8.dislike

Sentence Structure VIII.1.I’ve made up my mind to marry him even if my mother objects.2.She has problems finding a job even if she gets a Bachelor’s degree.3.Even if you normally have good skin, some pats of the face may become dry during the winter.4.The young man felt great sadness even if he did not find the words to express it.5.Even if you don’t watch music programs, you’ve probably heard his songs.IX.1.The clearer a goal is , the easier it is to decide whether the goal is achievable.2.The angrier I got, the less he said.3.The larger the city is, the greater the increase in population is.4.The longer they stick to their goal, the greater the chances of success are.5.The more expensive the restaurant is, the better the food it serves.Translation X.1.I am sure that I will make something of myself, even though I have not achieved any major success so far.2.I have been working hard for so many years;I feel I am entitled to a good future.3.When her husband deserted her, leaving her with nothing but scattered pieces of life to pick up, she went insane.4.From my standpoint, Mother was too hard on me then, without taking my feelings into account.5.When I reached the summit of my professional career, mother's words “Never be a quitter in face

of life” were constantly in my mind.6.You should know better than to play football in the street.XI.1.詹姆士是个诚实的人，尽管我反对他这个人，我还是要这样说。

2.组织越庞大，越难做出决定。3.是真英雄方能临危不惧。4.持有该票者能免费入场。

5.在英国，他是第一个有意识的从事散文写作并且有所建树的人。

6.失业半年后，她报名参加了烹饪班，希望能尽快找到工作。Cloze 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D Structured Writing XIV.Some people think that books are the main source of himan knowledge, summaries of what people have acquired in their struggle with nature and society.Moreover, with the rapid development of modern society, book knowledge is updated from time to time.For these people, books are everything.However, book knowledge is not everything!Books can never cover all the things and happenings in the world.Book knowledge is only a recording of what has been discovered.There are many mysteries unsolved and we can find no answers from books up to now.So if one does not try to learn something beyond books, it will be difficult for one to cope with some practical problems.We should develop our ability through practice and observing the world.It is not practical to rely on books only.Section B Reading Skills I.1.C 2.B 3.B 4,C Comprehension of the Test II.1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.D 8.A Vocabulary III.1.scope 2.integrate 3.regarding 4.guarantee 5.disabled 6.undertake 7.excluded 8.deserves 9.rarely 10.relevant

IV.1.He is a man who prefers action to words.2.The child was told time and time again not to go near the railway but he didn't seem to listen.3.John studied hard before the examination and it paid off.He made an A.4.In the meantime, focus your attention on something that you're really interested in and never quit.5.With reference to the school uniform policy, there were various thoughts and feelings among students.6.Would you please look at my paper and give your suggestions about it?

7.I felt obliged to go over there to say sorry to him as I didn't want to hurt his feelings.8.It only took about 30 minutes before the high school was filled up with the survivors of the disaster.9.He slipped and broke his leg.As a result, he will have to be away from school for two or three months.10.This newly invented device will help those people who tend to get themselves injured.新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 10答案 Unit 10

Comprehension of the Text I.1.He was head of the European staff of the Columbia Broadcasting System and a news broadcaster.2.He felt sorry for the suffering of London during the attach by the German bombers.3.Because he believed that whatever London had to endure, it could not be destroyed.4.They were sure about their ultimate triumph over England.5.They believed that London would surrender

after it became a burned city.6.Because they had the English Channel as a barrier against the Nazi ground forces, and they had the Royal Air Force to battle the Nazi in the sky.7.On the one hand, they stayed calm and tried to continue living their lives;on the other hand, they did their best to help to defend their nation.8.He predicted that the English people would win the final victory.Vocabulary III.1.channels 2.rescued 3.royal 4.survival 5.crash 6.Whichever 7.punishment 8.cast 9.endured 10.surrender IV.1.over 2.in 3.in 4.on 5.under 6.on 7.down 8.for 9.after 10.off

V.1.O 2.H 3.M 4.J 5.K 6.G 7.C 8.A 9.F 10.E Word Building VI.1.misreported 2.misprinted 3.misspells 4.misplaced 5.misunderstood 6.misusing/ misuse 7.mistake 8.misled VII.1.broaden 2.irresponsible 3.protective 4.characterized 5.redoubling 6.fashionable 7.unfair 8.disobeys Sentence Structure VIII.1.as though he wee the only person who scored over 90.2.as though she had seen a ghost there 3.as though he were her own son 4.as though he were attending a party.5.as though he knew everything.IX.1.You should wear whichever dress suits you best for the evening party.2.You can settle down in whichever area you choose.3.Whichever(of you)comes first will receive a gift.4.All my books are here.You may borrow whichever you like.5.I have several spare rooms.Whichever you want is yours.Translation X.1.I remember the whole thing clearly as though it had happened yesterday.2.Whichever of them writes the best essay will win the prize.3.It turned out that the budget provided for a salary increase one year later.4.She did the same job day after day and year after year, but she never complained.5.She endured all kinds of hardships on the journey;nothing could keep her from finding her lost daughter.6.Don't get mixed up with that gang.They have committed many bad things in broad daylight.XI.1.市民抢购瓶装水，就好像接下来几天饮用水可能会短缺似的。

2.学会用最适合你自己的办法放松，是一种有助于健康的积极办法。

3.在战役中，为数不多的战士们英勇抗敌，壮烈牺牲。

4.他们奋战了4个多小时才将大火控制住，避免了危险的火势蔓延到整个小镇。

5.他告诉她，不管遇到什么麻烦，她都永远有一位可依赖的朋友。

6.银行可以贷款给一些小公司以防它们倒闭。Cloze XII.1.B 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.A 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.D Structured Writing XIV.London would not surrender.All the people of London were in the front lines.They put out endless fires from the heavy bombing.They dug quickly in cellars to rescue their friends who had been buried underneath the wreckage.London people prepared to fight on with every possible

means until the last Englishman died or the invaders were driven off.Section B Comprehension of the Text II.1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.F 8.F Vocabulary III.1.expose 2.sectors 3.layout 4.dizzy 5.historical 6.exploded 7.heal 8.luxury 9.uneasy 10.swaying IV.1.wanting in 2.made for 3.break off 4.gave way to 5.sank into 6.remained of 7.left his key to the door behind 8.was seized with fear 9.sank into 10.taken… in

第三篇：全新版大学英语综合教程第一册词汇

全新版大学英语综合教程第一册

词汇

———人的这一生如果没有一段回想起来就热泪盈眶、热血沸腾的日子，那么这一辈子就白混了。

《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 1 Test A off and on 断断续续地，有时 take hold 生根，确立

associate 使联系起来，使联想

assignment（分配的）工作，任务，作业 turn out 编写，制作 paragraph 段落

agony(身心的)极度痛苦 assign 分配，分派 cheerless阴郁的，沉闷的 tedious乏味的，冗长的 reputation 名声，名誉 inability无能，无力

inspire激励，鼓舞

formal 刻板的，拘谨的，正式的，正规的 rigid一成不变的，严格的 out of date过时的 excessively过分地

prim古板的，拘谨的，循规蹈矩的，整洁的 severe朴素的，严重的，剧烈的 wavy波形的，波浪形的 necktie领带

pointed有尖的，尖的 jaw颌，颚

comic 滑稽的，喜剧的，连环漫画（册）antique古物，古玩

tackle处理，应付

informal（指讲话，文字）口语体的，非正式的

essay散文，小品文，论说文 distribute分发，分配，分送 finally最终，终于

face up to勇敢地接受或对付 scan浏览，粗略地看

spaghetti意大利式细面条

title标题，题目，给...加标题，加题目于 extraordinary不同寻常的，奇特的

sequence一连串相关的事物，次序，顺序 image形象，印象，（图）像 vivid生动的，逼真的

adult成年人，成年动物 recall回想起，回忆起

social社会的，社交的，交谊的

respectable可敬的，体面的，文雅的 put down写下

recapture再现，再次经历 relive再体验，重温 violate违背，违反 compose创作

turn in交（作业）

command命令，指令

discipline惩罚，处分，纪律 what’s more而且，此外，更有甚者 contempt轻视，轻蔑

ridicule嘲笑，嘲弄，被戏弄 open-hearted诚挚的

enjoyment愉快，欢乐，满意 hold back控制（感情，眼泪等）avoid避免

demonstration表明，证明 calling职业，使命

career生涯，事业，职业 seal印章，图章 essence本质，精髓 《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 1 Test B tradition传统 award授予，给予

valedictorian致告别词的毕业生代表 maintain保持，维持 look forward to盼望 participate in参加

registration登记，注册 fee费（如会费等）gym健身房，体育馆 compare to相比，比得上

falsify窜改，歪曲 plus（常置于被修饰词后面）比...略好（或略高）一些的，加，加上 tie平手，不分胜负 drown out（指声音）淹没 here and there 各处 filter渗过，渗透 resign顺从，听任，辞职 make it办成，做到，赶上 principal校长，院长 policy方针，政策 regarding关于，至于 dignity尊严

muster激起，聚集 represent代表，象征 expectation期待，预期 clasp紧抓，紧握

significance意义，意思 hoe用锄除（草），用锄整（地）spring up迅速生长或出现

delicate脆弱的，柔软的

withdrawn沉默寡言的，不善交际的 drag拖着脚步走 exception例外 tremble颤抖，哆嗦

yell叫喊

innocent天真无邪的，清白的 hug拥抱 pat轻拍 《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 2 Test A be lost in（lose oneself in）专心致志于

windshield（汽车的）挡风玻璃 cab出租车

available可用的，可得到的 apologetically 道歉的，带有歉意的 or something诸如此类的事 go ahead 继续，开始

know/learn by heart记住，能背出 on the road 在旅途中

estimate估计 might/may(just)as well不妨，（也）无妨 not much of a不太好的 keep up保持

correspondence通信（联系），信件 practically自始至终，一直 neighborhood街坊，四邻 kind/sort of有几分，有点儿 lose touch（with sb）失去联系 guy家伙，伙计

a couple of几个，一对，一双

tough不幸的，困难的，坚固的，坚强的 on one’s mind 记挂在心头

keep in touch（with）（与...）保持联系，保持接触

come up(尤指意想不到地)发生，出现 shrug耸（肩）urge力劝，催促

postpone推迟，使延期

reference提及，谈到，参考，查阅 absolutely完全地，极其

reunion（家人，朋友，同事等久别后的）重聚

go by（时间）逝去 hang out闲荡，徘徊

every now and then有时

mostly几乎全部，多半，大体

awful非常的，极大的，可怕的，糟糕的 choke（使）窒息，堵塞

choke up(因激动等)哽得说不出话，堵塞 destination目的地 skip略过，跳过，跳跃

sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的

in the distance在(相当)远处 unpack打开

right away立刻，马上

《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 2 Test B

let down使失望，不帮助 burn off烧掉 peer仔细看

uneasy不安的，担心的 bump颠簸着前进 get rid of消灭，除去 stuff东西，原料 tow拖，拉，牵引 soak（使）浸透 pitch颠簸

swing（使）突然转向

burst into突然（烧，哭等）起来 flame火焰，火舌 spin（使）旋转 fling抛，扔，掷

roar轰鸣（声），吼叫（声）crash撞，撞坏，坠毁 steer驾驶 bare赤裸的 grip紧握

explosion爆炸

extent程度，范围 injury伤害，损伤

worse still更糟糕的是

in bad/good shape 身体状况差（好）despair绝望

hang on 坚持

permanently永久地，固定地 principle信条，原则，原理 draw on利用，动用，靠 character品德，品质，性格 lean倚，靠

exclaim惊叫，呼喊 grab一把抓住 slide（使）滑动

ease减轻（痛苦，负担等）grin咧嘴笑

medal奖章，奖牌，勋章

courageous勇敢的，无畏的

rescue援救，营救

highlight最重要的事件，最精彩的部分

《大学英语综合教程》第一册

Unit 3 Test A likely可能的,可能 privileged有特权的 privilege特权 minority少数

do without没有...而设法对付过去 highly很，非常 risky危险的，有风险的 nasty令人难受的

brutish野兽般的，野蛮的

anyway不管怎么说

put/turn the clock back倒退，开倒车 cut off切断，中断，切下，剪下 competition竞争，比赛 bring about引起，导致 moreover而且，再者

inquiring好问的，爱探索的 inquire询问

global世界的，全球的 suppress抑制，压制

initiative首创精神，主动 inventiveness发明才能，创造力 slow down减慢 rate速度，比率 ensure保证，确保 democratic民主的

informed有知识的，了解情况的，明智的inform告诉，通知

at the moment此刻，目前

in two minds犹豫不决，三心二意 steady平稳的，稳定的 evident明显的 cartoon漫画，动画片 element成分，元素 astronomy天文学

series连续，系列，系列节目 fiction小说，虚构

harness驾驭，利用 background背景 acid酸（性的），酸味的（物质）

greenhouse温室

nuclear原子核的，核心的

weapon武器

genetic基因的，遗传（学）的 engineering工程，工程学 basis基础 lie in在于

rote死记硬背

learn by rote死记硬背地学习relevance相关，关联

in terms of从...方面（或角度）来说，按照，根据

equation等式，方程（式）brief简洁的，短暂的 mathematical数学的 halve将...减半

tend倾向，趋向

in the form of呈...的形状，以...形式 precise精确的

qualitative定性的，性质上的 grasp掌握，了解

concept概念

sufficient充分的，足够的 convey传达，表达 diagram图表，图解 framework框架，结构 molecular分子的

transistor晶体管，晶体管收音机 put across解释清楚，使被理解 proportion比例，部分 truly真正地，确实地 magic魔术，魔力

fit into适合，符合，属于

producer（电影，电视片等的）制片人，生产者，制造人

responsibility责任 educate教育

entertain给...以欢乐，招待 hence因此，从此 contact与...接触 alien外国的，陌生的 civilization文明

《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 3 Test B deadline最后期限

headline（报纸上新闻报导等的）标题 immediately直接地，贴近地 victim受害者，罹难者 frustrate使沮丧，使灰心 yield泄露，产生

step by step逐步地，稳定地 outcome结果

result in导致，结果是 gradual逐渐的，渐变的 process过程 conclusion结论 propose提出，建议 random任意的，随机的 compare with与...比较 evaluate评估，评价

characterize成为...的特征 bulk大部分，（巨大的）体积 submit提交，呈递

publish发表，出版

professional专业的，职业的

press release(通讯社或政府机构等发布的）新闻稿 challenge挑战 amount数量，总数

wear down(使）变小，变少，变弱

organic有机（体）的，只施用有机肥料的trumpet大肆宣扬 reverse挫折，逆境 somehow以某种方式

《大学英语综合教程》第一册

Unit 4 Test A driveway宅旁私家车道 mow修剪（草坪），刈（草）lawn草地，草坪

comprehend理解,了解,领会

turn away拒绝帮忙，不让...进入 weed除去...的杂草，除草，杂草，野草 assume假设，以为

compliment赞扬，赞美的言辞或行为 work out制定出，解决，算出 weekly每周的，一周一次的

clean up打扫，清除

do with对待，处理

determination决心，决定

personnel人事部门，全体人员，全体职员 apprentice学徒 capacity能力，才能 blueprint蓝图

micrometer测微计，千分尺 precision精密，精确（性）turn down拒绝

skilled熟练的，有技巧的，技术性的 grinder磨工

grind磨，磨碎，碾碎

instrument工具，器械，仪器

for sale待售 wreck残破物，（尤指失事船只，飞机等的）残骸

call on拜访

banker银行家，银行高级职员 loan借，贷，贷款

character（人的）品德，品质，性格 damn丝毫

reluctantly勉强地

mortgage抵押借款，按揭 down payment定金，（分期付款的）初付款额

discard抛弃

odds and ends零星杂物，琐碎物品 screen纱门，纱窗，屏，荧屏 hardware五金器具，（计算机的）硬件 spot地点，斑点 confidence信心 amaze使惊愕，使诧异 amazement惊愕，诧异

diet日常饮食

send for派人去叫，召唤，派人去取 hunt寻找，打猎，猎取 abandon抛弃，放弃

property（房）地产，财产 shed小屋，棚

sometime某个时候

sponsor为...做保证人，主办，发起，保证人，主办人，发起人

amuse逗乐，给...提供娱乐

approach接近

millionaire百万富翁 pass away去世

check on检查，调查，察看 handle管理，处理，操纵 livable适于居住的

homey舒适的，像家一样的 stature身材，身高，境界

industrialist工业家，实业家 route路线，路程

principle信条，原则，原理 vision远见，视觉，视力 optimism乐观，乐观主义 above all最重要的是 integrity正直，完整

rung（梯子的）横档，梯级 basement地下室 giant巨大的，巨人 balance平衡，余额 balance sheet资产负债表 decimal小数

（接尾页）bat眨（眼睛）claim声称，断言

commonplace普通的，平凡的 section（事物的）一部分 circumference圆周

factor将...分解因子，因素 quadratic二次的

sole唯一的

contribute作出贡献，贡献出 ultimate最终的，根本的 《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 4 Test B illegal不合法的，违法的

immigrant（外来）移民，移民的，移入的 taco stand卖玉米面卷的摊子

connection连接，联系，（可资利用的）熟人，关系

put up with忍受，容忍 in search of寻找 head for向...行进 supervise监督，指导 land赢得，得到

temporary暂时的，临时的 response回答，反应

risk冒...的危险，（使）遭受危险，危险，风险

acquire（靠自己的能力，努力等）取得，获得，学到

make（both）ends meet勉强维持生计，使收支相抵

associate’s degree准学士学位 environment环境，周围状况 on the side作为兼职

stand a chance of有...的希望，有...的可能

prospect前景，预期，展望 reserve保留，储备，预订 rare稀有的，罕见的，不寻常的 former以前的，早先的，旧时的 quit停止，放弃

deserve应受，应得，值得

impress给...深刻的印象，使钦佩 show up来到，露面 flip转动，使翻转

humanistic人道主义的，人本主义的

《大学英语综合教程》第一册

Unit 5 Test A obituary讣告 die of死于

coronary冠状动脉的

thrombosis血栓（形成）

acquaintance相识的人，（略微的)了解 instantly立刻，马上 workaholic工作狂

classic典范，典型，典型的

day off休息日

conceivably可想到的，可想象的 retire退休

executive（企业等中的）行政领导，管理人员

extracurricular课外的 monthly每月的，每月一次的 golf高尔夫球运动 salad色拉，凉拌蔬菜

overweight肥胖的，超重的，过重的 survivor遗留的家属，幸存者，生还者 survive比...活得长，经历...后幸存 marketable适合市场需求的，可出售的 mother抚育（孩子）give up放弃

compete竞争，对抗

compete against/with与...竞争，与...对抗

care for照看，照顾 dearly非常地

beloved深爱的，亲爱的

eldest第一个出生的，年龄最大的 manufacturer（尤指用机器）大量制造 funeral葬礼

embarrass使尴尬，使局促不安 newly新近地

married结婚的，已婚的 odd临时的，不固定的 grass大麻

grab at抓住，夺得

favorite特别受喜爱的人（或物），最喜欢的

stay up醒着，不去睡

board为...提供膳宿，搭伙，寄宿 widow寡妇 deceased死的

the deceased已死的人 replace代替，取代

look sb in the eye直视某人 bitter愤怒的，委屈的，怨恨的 straighten out解决

finance财政，金融，财源，财力 stock股票，证券，公债 option期权，选择

stock option股票期权，优价认股权 and all that诸如此类的 heart-attack心脏病发作 natural非常适合的人

pick out辨认出，分辨出

lineup（为接受检查等而排列的）一行人，一排人

discreet谨慎的，（言行）审慎的 inquiry打听，询问

replacement接替者，替代物 ask around四处打听

《大学英语综合教程》第一册

Unit 5 Test B pop up出现，发生

enthusiastic极感兴趣的，热心的 among others（除列举到的之外）还有许多 distract使分心

relationship关系，关联，亲属关系 socialize交往，交际 delegate授（权），把...委托给下级 input投入（物），输入 typically通常，典型地 disarray混乱，紊乱

intimacy亲昵关系，亲密 divorce离婚 focus on集中

depression忧愁，沮丧 link连接，联系

concern担心，忧虑，关心的事 extreme极度的

in short总之，简言之

well-being康乐，安乐

solution解决，解决方法，解答 addition瘾，沉溺 survey调查

priority优先考虑的事 relax松弛，放松 detail细节

oriented以...为方向的，重视...的 schedule将...列为计划表 overall包括一切的，总的 fulfilling令人心满意足的 reliable可信赖的，可靠的

diversion转向，转移

productive多产的

on one’s own独自地，独立地 staff全体雇员 let go松开，释放

《大学英语综合教程》第一册

Unit 6 Test A valentine情人

make one’s way走去 grand宏伟的，壮丽的

absorb完全吸收住...的注意，吸收 margin页边空白

reflect反映，显示

thoughtful深思的，体贴的 insightful具有洞察力的 insight洞察力

previous早先的，先前的

locate找到...的位置，使坐落于 correspond通信

ship（尤指用船）运送

overseas去（在）国外（的），去（在）海外（的）

fertile肥沃的，富饶的

romance爱情故事，风流韵事 bud发芽，萌芽，（枝叶的）芽，花蕾 haunt使担忧，使苦恼，（鬼魂）常出没于 take a chance(on sth)碰运气，冒险 disgust使厌烦，使反感 whichever无论哪个或哪些 lapel（西服上衣的）翻领

sustain支持，使（努力等）持续下去，保持

unfailing永恒的，无穷的 slim苗条的，细小的，微小的 curl鬈发

chin下巴，颏

provocative挑逗的，挑衅的 curve（使）弯曲

go sb’s way与某人同路 murmur轻声说，咕哝

more than a little很，非常 ankle踝，踝节部

thrust挤入，插入，猛推

heel（鞋，袜等的）后跟，脚后跟，踵 split（使）裂开，破裂 keen强烈的，热切的 longing渴望 companion陪伴 uphold支持，维护

sensible通情达理的，理智的 kindly亲切的，和蔼的，仁慈的 glow光亮，光辉

hesitate踌躇，犹豫 grip握紧，紧握

leather（动物的）皮，皮革 identify识别

grateful感激的

be grateful to(sb)for(sth)为某事感激某人

square挺直（肩膀）

salute（向...)行举手礼

lieutenant海军上尉，陆军中尉 broaden（使）变宽，（使）扩大 wisdom智慧，明智

in response to作为对...的回应 《大学英语综合教程》第一册

Unit 6 Test B come across偶然遇见，碰上 make out辨认出 hope for希望，期待 clue线索

identify身份 other than除了 nursing home（尤指接纳老年人的）私人疗养院

exchange交换，互换

match up to与...一样好，比得上 lead线索

for sure毫无疑问

security治安保卫，安全，安全感 goodness天哪

relief轻松，宽慰

be in love with(sb)热恋着（某人）come to an end结束 adjust校准，调准

catch up on(sth)事后了解关于...的情况，弥补（耽搁下来的工作等）knot（绳等的）结

tie the knot结婚

erect挺直的，直立的

《大学英语综合教程》第一册

Unit 7 Test A

extensively广泛地，大量地 intelligence智力

intelligent聪明的，有才智的 controversy争论，争议 surround围绕，包围 consciousness意识 explore探究，探索 obvious明显的

vet兽医

keeper（动物园的）饲养员 encounter遇到，遭遇 reveal展示，揭露

convince使确信，使信服 feat技艺，业绩，功绩

captivity被俘，监禁，束缚 dominant统治的，占优势的 species物种

planet行星

make a deal达成交易

conservationist自然资源保护论者 gorilla大猩猩

suspicious可疑的，猜疑的 peanut花生

only to结果却，不料 blank有表情的，空白的 negotiate谈判，协商 stake奖品，奖金，赌注 pineapple凤梨，菠萝

relieve使减轻痛苦或焦虑等，减轻（痛苦或焦虑等）

orangutan猩猩

undertake从事，承担（任务等）anthropologist人类学者 figure out理解，推断出

extend延伸，伸展，扩大，加长 dealing交易，买卖

chip薄片，碎片，集成电路片 expand扩大，扩展 switch转换，变换 foil金属薄片，箔 virtuous有道德的，善良的 promptly立即地 stem茎，（树）干，（叶）梗 whale鲸

cooperate合作，协作

behaviorist行为主义者

in sb’s interest(s)为了某人的利益 go far帮助很大，很有成效 consultant顾问 behavior举止，行为 assess评估，估量

judgment判断，意见，看法 mate配偶，伙伴，同事 thrive茁壮成长，兴旺 at first起先 stretcher担架

emergency紧急情况，突然事件 go wrong有毛病的，出故障 halt停住，停止 throw up呕吐

apparently明显地 size up估量，判断 release释放 slide（使）滑动 primate灵长目动物 evidence证据，迹象 deceive欺骗

inaccessible达不到的，难得到的 original最初的，原始的 colony（生长在同一地方的动物或植物）群，群体，殖民地gaze凝视，注视 give in让步，屈服，投降

underneath在（...）下面，在（...）底下 pea-brained笨的 turtle（海）龟

survival生存，幸存 disaster灾难 wipe out消灭，消除 dinosaur恐龙

horizon眼界，见识，地平线

《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 7 Test B cautious谨慎的

display流露，显示，展示

adequate充分的，足够的 accompany陪伴，陪同 exhibit展示 nest巢，窝

vacant无表情的，空着的

not have the heart（to do sth)不愿，不忍心（做某事）status地位，身份

flock（鸟，兽等）一群

pull oneself together振作起来 at first sight乍一看，一见之下 instinct本能，生性

purchase买，购买

nevertheless然而，虽然如此 twist转动，（使）扭曲，扭伤 pair off（使）成对，成双 decline谢绝 take to喜欢上

reproduce生殖，繁育

magnificent宏大的，壮观的，出色的 shed light on阐明

tolerance容忍，宽容，忍耐 heap（sth）on（sb）大量地给予（某人）（某物）

marital婚姻的，夫妻的 field biologist野外生物学家 coyote（北美草原的）郊狼 indicate表明

observe观察，注意 lick舔 tell of讲述 otter獭，水獭

get around各处走动

make a habit of形成...的习惯 alarm使惊慌，使恐慌

by any chance或许，可能 in the world竟然，到底，究竟 reject拒绝接受

《大学英语综合教程》第一册

Unit 8 Test A

fable寓言

teenager青少年

run out of用完，耗尽 file档案，卷宗 folder文件夹

drugstore（兼营杂货的）药房 handful一把，少量

modestly不太多，不太大，适中 upset使苦恼，使心烦意乱 ignorant无知的，不知道的 ignorance无知，愚昧

senior（大学或中学）毕业班的学生 private私人的，私有的 slice部分，（薄薄的）一片 calculation计算 nonexistent不存在的

chill（使）变冷，（使）不寒而栗 indifference漠不关心 sum总结，概述，合计 sum up总结，概括 financial财政的，金融的 accumulate积累，积聚 ancestor祖先，祖宗 intellectual智力的 affect影响

industrial工业的

function运作，起作用，作用，功能 idle懒散的，空闲的

jam发生故障，卡住，堵塞

break down停止运转，失败，垮了

drive（sth）home(to sb)使清楚无误地理解

humble谦卑的，卑微的

dramatize将...改编为剧本，将...戏剧化headphone头戴式受话器，耳机

portable便携（式）的，手提（式）的 peasant农民，雇农 county（英国的）郡，（美国的）县 hut小屋，棚屋 search for寻找 poverty贫穷，贫困 leisure空闲，闲暇

luxury奢侈品，奢华，奢侈 mill工厂，制造厂 subway地铁

better off更富有，更舒服 foe敌人

scare（使）惊慌，（使）恐惧

foxhole散兵坑（小型掩体）

wake up醒了

porter（旅馆，火车站等的）搬行李工人，搬运工人

complex复杂的

manual体力的，手工做的 slum贫民窟

plumbing（水，煤气等）管道设施

privacy（不受干扰的）独处，隐私，隐秘 trash垃圾，废物

befriend帮助，以朋友态度对待 swear发誓，宣誓

make a living by靠...维持生计 miracle奇迹

faculty官能

contemptible令人鄙视的，可轻蔑的 coward懦夫

《大学英语综合教程》第一册

Unit 8 Test B ditch抛弃，丢弃

multiplication乘法，倍增 off-limits禁止使用的 access接近，进入，享用 seminar研讨会

benefit好处，利益，有益于 device装置，设备 call for要求

discourage使灰心，使泄气 in the first place首先 proceed继续进行

competent有能力的，能胜任的 essential必要的，最重要的

adolescent青少年 concentrate on集中（注意力，精力等）于 solve解决（问题，困难等）appropriate适当的，得体的 cut down减少

reflect on思考，沉思 effective有效的 confuse使困惑

what if如果...怎么样 communicate交流，交际 strategy策略，战略 at hand在手边，临近

第四篇：大学英语第2册期末考范围及题型

10级《大学英语》（Book 2）期终考试范围及题型说明

一、考试范围：

(1)《综合教程》Units 4~6 Text A及课后练习；

(2)《综合教程》课文背诵段： Unit 4(Paras.11-13)，Unit 5(Paras.12)，Unit 6(Paras.8-9)，(3)Test Yourself(Units 5-8)P.138-141

(4)英语训练课：08年6月卷，08年12月卷，10年12月卷，《实战指南》中的Test

4二、考试题型:

I.听力15%（1*15）（客观题）

短对话，短文等形式。

II.Vocabulary and Structure25%(1*25)（客观题）

1.《综合教程》Units 4-5课后练习Language Focus 中的Vocabulary,Structure；

2.Test Yourself(Units 5-8)P.138-141。

课后那个总练习30题里考7道278页

分别是***55358题

III.Reading Comprehension15%(1*15)（客观题）

2篇选自08年6月卷，08年12月卷，10年12月卷，《实战指南》中的Test 4中的阅读部分，1篇课外。

08年12月的第二篇阅读不考test4的阅读不考

完型貌似就是考10年那套

IV.Cloze20%

1.1篇选自08年6月卷，08年12月卷，10年12月卷，《实战指南》中的Test

4中的Cloze部分

2.1篇选自Units 4~6课文中的要求背诵部分，填空词给首字母

cloze选自08年12月或者10年12月其中一篇背诵考6单元可能最大 V.Translation10%（2*5）

Units 4~6 Text A及课后练习和08年6月卷，08年12月卷，10年12月卷，《实战指南》中的Test 4中的Translation 部分

test4会考到翻译一道

VI.Writing15 %

test4会考到翻译一道

版权所有，请勿未经允许私自转载

第五篇：新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第2册课文翻译

新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第2册课文翻译

UNIT1

1.美国人认为没有人能停止不前。如果你不求进取，你就会落伍。这种态度造就了一个投身于研究、实验和探索的民族。时间是美国人注意节约的两个要素之一，另一要素是劳力。

2.人们一直说：“只有时间才能支配我们。”人们似乎把时间当作一个差不多是实实在在的东西来对待。我们安排时间、节约时间、浪费时间、挤抢时间、消磨时间、缩减时间、对时间的利用作出解释；我们还要因付出时间而收取费用。时间是一种宝贵的资源，许多人都深感人生的短暂。时光一去不复返。我们应当让每一分钟都过得有意义。

3.外国人对美国的第一印象很可能是：每个人都匆匆忙忙──常常处于压力之下。城里人看上去总是在匆匆地赶往他们要去的地方，在商店里他们焦躁不安地指望店员能马上来为他们服务，或者为了赶快买完东西，用肘来推搡他人。白天吃饭时人们也都匆匆忙忙，这部分地反映出这个国家的生活节奏。人们认为工作时间是宝贵的。在公共用餐场所，人们都等着别人尽快吃完，以便他们也能及时用餐，你还会发现司机开车很鲁莽，人们推搡着在你身边过去。你会怀念微笑、简短的交谈以及与陌生人的随意闲聊。不要觉得这是针对你个人的，这是因为人们都非常珍惜时间，而且也不喜欢他人“浪费”时间到不恰当的地步。

4.许多刚到美国的人会怀念诸如商务拜访等场合开始时的寒暄。他们也会怀念那种一边喝茶或喝咖啡一边进行的礼节性交流，这也许是他们自己国家的一种习俗。他们也许还会怀念在饭店或咖啡馆里谈生意时的那种轻松悠闲的交谈。一般说来，美国人是不会在如此轻松的环境里通过长时间的闲聊来评价他们的客人的，更不用说会在增进相互间信任的过程中带他们出去吃饭，或带他们去打高尔夫球。既然我们通常是通过工作而不是社交来评估和了解他人，我们就开门见山地谈正事。因此，时间老是在我们心中滴滴答答地响着。

5.因此，我们千方百计地节约时间。我们发明了一系列节省劳力的装置；我们通过发传真、打电话或发电子邮件与他人迅速地进行交流，而不是通过直接接触。虽然面对面接触令人愉快，但却要花更多的时间，尤其是在马路上交通拥挤的时候。因此，我们把大多数个人拜访安排在下班以后的时间里或周末的社交聚会上。

6.就我们而言，电子交流的缺乏人情味与我们手头上事情的重要性之间很少有或完全没有关系。在有些国家，如果没有目光接触，就做不成大生意，这需要面对面的交谈。在美国，最后协议通常也需要本人签字。然而现在人们越来越多地在电视屏幕上见面，开远程会议不仅能解决本国的问题，而且还能通过卫星解决国际问题。

7.美国无疑是一个电话王国。几乎每个人都在用电话做生意、与朋友聊天、安排或取消社交约会、表达谢意、购物和获得各种信息。电话不但能免去走路之劳，而且还能节约大量时间。其部分原因在于这样一个事实：美国的电话服务是一流的，而邮政服务的效率则差一些。

8.有些初来美国的人来自文化背景不同的其他国家，在他们的国家，人们认为工作太快是一种失礼。在他们看来，如果不花一定时间来处理某件事的话，那么这件事就好像是无足轻重的，不值得给予适当的重视。因此，人们觉得用的时间长会增加所做事情的重要性。但在美国，能迅速而又成功地解决问题或完成工作则被视为是有水平、有能力的标志。通常情

况下，工作越重要，投入的资金、精力和注意力就越多，其目的是“使工作开展起来”

UNIT

21.尼克莱·彼得罗维奇·安尼金一点都不像我想象的那么吓人。不，他不可能是我父亲特地送我来见的那位前苏联教练。

2.可他的确是尼克莱·彼得罗维奇·安尼金本人。他请我进门，在沙发上坐下，又拍了拍身边的垫子，让我坐在他旁边。在他面前，我真的很紧张。

3.“你还年轻，”他的英语带着俄语口音：“如果你愿意试着向奥林匹克运动会进军，我想你能行。长野奥运会来不及参加了，但你可以准备参加2002年盐湖城奥运会。”

4.“完全可以，不是吗？”看到我脸上惊愕的表情，他又说道。我那时是一个很有前途的业余滑雪运动员，但在国内决不是顶尖选手。“当然，你需要进行很多艰苦的训练，你会哭鼻子，但你一定会进步的。”

5.的确，后来我经历了无数痛苦的训练，还为此流了不少眼泪。但在后来的五年里，我总能从尼克莱讲的有趣故事和他的幽默感中得到鼓励。

6.他开始总是说：“我的朋友们常去看电影，去跳舞，去和女孩子约会，”然后他会压低嗓门接着说：“我就在运动场上训练、训练、再训练。第二年，我的15公里滑雪比赛成绩缩短了1.5分钟。”

7.“朋友们问我：‘尼克莱，你怎么做到的呢？’我回答：‘你们去看电影、跳舞、和女孩子约会，而我一直在训练、训练、再训练。’”

8.故事通常到这儿就结束了。但有一次──后来我们知道那天是他结婚25周年纪念日──他穿着一件旧的毛衣，很自豪地站着，微笑着轻声说道：“告诉你们，我可是在26岁那年才第一次亲吻女孩子。她后来就和我结了婚。”

9.不管他是不是懂得浪漫，尼克莱知道什么是爱。他以一贯的幽默、默默的感恩、敏锐的感觉和真诚的态度为爱设立了奥林匹克般的标准。即使在我结束了滑雪生涯之后，我仍一直努力去达到那个标准。

10.但他又从不娇惯我。二月里的一天，我头很疼，感到十分疲倦。我在一片空地上遇见了他，在寒风中的雪地里滑了大概十五分钟后，我赶上了他，有点小题大做地说：“嘿，尼克莱，我感觉我要死了。”

11.“如果活到一百岁，人人都会死的，”他对我的痛苦无动于衷，态度坚决地接着说：“但你现在必须滑、滑、再滑。”

12.在滑雪板上，我照他说的去做。但在其他事情上我会反抗他。在一次经费并不宽裕的滑雪露营活动中，他让我们十个人挤在一个单身汉住的芬兰式屋子里。第一天我们醒来时发现尼克莱正在做早餐。然后我们坐在临时拼凑起来的椅子上，围着张小小的牌桌，用勺子很快地吃完早饭。吃完后，尼克莱把摞起来的油腻腻的碗向我和我唯一的另一个女队友前一推，武断地说：“女孩子们，现在去洗碗吧！”

13.我把餐巾往地上一扔，向他骂道：“让该死的男孩子们去洗吧！这不公平！”他没再让我去洗碗，也没对我的大发脾气显得太在意。他只在滑雪时才显露出强烈的情感。

14.训练的时候，他会岁着我们迈步的节奏大声发出指令：“对，就这样，一二三，一二

三。”

我祖父的一个好朋友──一位上了年纪的女士──看了尼克莱带我训练的录像带后问道：“他也教舞蹈吗？”

15.在训练时，我一刻不停地纠正着尼克莱指出的错误。每完成一个动作，我都会问他自己是否有了进步。

16.“是的，还行。但如果膝盖能屈得更快些就更好了。”

17.“可我滑得够快了吗？”我坚持问他。

18.最后他会皱起眉头说：“你得无数次地重复，动作才能达到完美。”他提醒我“必须

有耐心”，言语之间流露出“我已经告诉过你无数次了”的意思。

19.尼克莱的耐心和我的勤奋使我赢得了全国第四名的好成绩，并开始为奥运会季前赛做准备。但后来我没能被选拔去参加2002年奥运会。

20.去年夏天，我回去拜访尼克莱。他给我沏了茶......还自己洗了碗！我们坐在沙发上聊天。

怀念起前一年的奥林匹克队，我一时沉默，回想起自己曾经获得的一切──很重要的一点就是我和这个穿着颇具热带风情衬衫、个子不高的男人之间形成了并不张扬但又牢不可摧的纽带。

21.尼克莱教会我即使需要无数次的努力，也要凭借勇气、热情和严格的纪律来坚持下去。他还教会我为了能在这世界上生活一辈子而预先心存感激，并每天提醒自己：即便面临许多挑战，“现在心里有的必须是爱、爱、爱。”

UNIT 3

1.我和盖尔计划举行一个不事张扬的婚礼。在两年的相处中，我们的关系经历了起伏，这是一对情侣在学着相互了解、理解和尊重时常常出现的。但在这整整两年间，我们坦诚地面对彼此性格中的弱点和优点。

2.我们之间的种族及文化差异不但增强了我们的关系，还教会了我们要彼此宽容、谅解和开诚布公。盖尔有时不明白为何我和其他黑人如此关注种族问题，而我感到吃惊的是，她好像忘记了美国社会中种族仇恨种种微妙的表现形式。

3.对于成为居住在美国、异族通婚的夫妻，我和盖尔对未来没有不切实际的幻想。相互信任和尊重才是我们俩永不枯竭的力量源泉。

4.许多夫妻因为错误的理由结了婚，结果在10年、20年或30年后才发觉他们原来是合不来的。他们在婚前几乎没有花时间去互相了解，他们忽视了严重的性格差异，指望婚姻会自然而然地解决各种问题。我们希望避免重蹈覆辙。事实更说明了这一点：已经结婚35年的盖尔的父母正经历着一场充满怨恨、令人痛苦的婚变，这件事给盖尔带来了很大打击，并一度给我们正处于萌芽状态的关系造成了负面影响。

5.当盖尔把我们计划举办婚礼的消息告诉家人时，她遇到了一些阻力。她的母亲德博拉过去一直赞成我们的关系，甚至还开过玩笑，问我们打算何时结婚，这样她就可以抱外孙了。但这次听到我们要结婚的消息时，她没有向我们表示祝贺，反而劝盖尔想清楚自己的决定是否正确。

6.“这么说我跟他约会没错，但是如果我跟他结婚，就错了。妈妈，是不是因为他的肤色？”盖尔后来告诉我她曾这样问她母亲。

7.“首先我必须承认，刚开始时我对异族通婚是有保留意见的，也许你甚至可以把这称为偏见。但是当我见到马克时，我发现他是一个既讨人喜欢又聪明的年轻人。任何一个母亲都会因为有这样一个女婿而感到脸上有光的。所以，这事跟肤色没有关系。是的，我的朋友们会说闲话。有些朋友甚至对你所做的事表示震惊。但他们的生活与我们的不同。因此你要明白，马克的肤色不是问题。我最大的担心是你也许跟我当初嫁给你爸爸一样，为了错误的原因而嫁给马克。当年我和你爸爸相遇时，在我眼中，他可爱、聪明、富有魅力又善解人意。一切都是那么新鲜、那么令人兴奋。而且我们两人都认为，我们的婚姻是理想婚姻，至少表面上看是如此，而且一切迹象都表明我们的婚姻会天长地久。直到后来我才明白，在我们结婚时，我并不十分理解我所爱的人——你的爸爸。”

8.“但我和马克呆在一起已有两年多了，”盖尔抱怨道。“我俩一起经历了许许多多的事情。我们彼此多次看到对方最糟糕的一面。我可以肯定时间只能证明我们是彼此深情相爱的。”

9.“你也许是对的。但我还是认为再等一等没坏处。你才25岁。”

10.盖尔的父亲戴维——我还未见过他的面——以知事莫若父的态度对待我们的决定。他问的问题基本上和盖尔母亲的问题相同：“干吗这么匆忙？这个马克是什么人？他是什么公民身份？”当他得知我办公民身份遇到了问题时，就怀疑我是因为想留在美国而娶他女儿的。

11.“不过爸爸，你这话讲得太难听了，”盖尔说。

12.“那么干吗要这样着急？”他重复地问。

13.“马克是有公民身份方面的问题，但他总是在自己处理这些问题，”盖尔辩解道。“事实上，当我们在讨论结婚的时候，他清楚地表明了一点：如果我对任何事情有怀疑，我完全可以取消我们的计划。”

14.她父亲开始引用统计数据说明异族通婚的离婚率比同族结婚的要高，而且还列举了接受过他咨询的、在婚姻上有麻烦的异族通婚夫妇的例子。

15.他问道：“你考虑过你将来的孩子可能会遭受的苦难吗？”

16.“爸爸，你是种族主义者吗？”

17.“不，当然不是。但你必须得现实一点。”

18.“也许我们的孩子会遇到一些问题。但谁的孩子不会呢？可是有一样东西他们将会永远拥有，那就是我们的爱。”

19.“那是理想主义的想法。人们对异族通婚生下的孩子是会很残酷的。”

20.“爸爸，到时候我们自己会操心的。但是假如我们在做什么事之前，就必须把所有的疑难问题全部解决的话，那么我们几乎什么都干不成了。”

21.“记住，你什么时候改变主意都不晚。”

UNIT 4

1.大中央车站问询处桌子上方的数字钟显示：差六分六点。约翰·布兰福德，一个年轻的高个子军官，眼睛盯着大钟，看确切的时间。六分钟后，他将见到一位在过去13个月里在他生命中占有特殊位置的女人，一位他素未谋面、却通过书信始终给予他力量的女人。

2.在他自愿参军后不久，他收到了一本这位女子寄来的书。随书而来的还有一封信，祝他勇敢和平安。他发现自己很多参军的朋友也收到了这位名叫霍利斯·梅内尔的女子寄来的同样的书。他们所有的人都从中获得了勇气，也感激她对他们为之战斗的事业的支持，但只有他给梅内尔女士回了信。在他启程前往海外战场战斗的那天，他收到了她的回信。站在即将带他进入敌人领地的货船甲板上，他一遍又一遍地读着她的来信。

3.13个月来，她忠实地给他写信。即使没有他的回信，她仍然一如既往地写信给他，从未减少过。在那段艰苦战斗的日子里，她的信鼓励着他，给予他力量。收到她的信，他就仿佛感到自己能存活下去。一段时间后，他相信他们彼此相爱，就像是命运让他们走到了一起。

4.但当他向她索要照片时，她却婉然拒绝。她解释道：“如果你对我的感情是真实和真诚的，那么我长什么样又有什么关系呢。假如我很漂亮，我会因为觉得你爱的只是我的美貌而时时困扰，那样的爱会让我厌恶。假如我相貌平平，那我又会常常害怕你只是出于寂寞和别无他选才给我写信的。不管是哪种情况，我都会阻止自己去爱你。当你来纽约见我时，你可以做出自己的决定。记住，那时候我们两个人都可以自由选择停止或继续下去──如果那是

我们的选择„„”

5.差一分六点„„布兰福德的心怦怦乱跳。

6.一名年轻女子向他走来，他立刻感到自己与她之间存在着一种联系。她身材修长而苗条，漂亮的金色长发卷曲在小巧的耳后。她的眼睛如蓝色的花朵，双唇间有着一种温柔的坚毅。她身穿别致的绿色套装，犹如春天般生气盎然。

7.他向她迎去，完全忘记了她并没有佩戴玫瑰。看他走来，她的嘴角露出一丝热情的微笑。

8.“当兵的，跟我同路？”她问道。

9.他不由自主地向她靠近了一步。然后，他看见了霍利斯·梅内尔。

10.她就站在那少女的身后，一位四十好几的女人，头发斑斑灰白。在年轻的他的眼里，梅内尔简直就是一块活脱脱的化石。她不是一般的胖，粗笨的双腿移动时摇摇晃晃。但她棕色的外衣上戴着一朵红色的玫瑰。

11.绿衣少女快速地走过，很快消失在了雾中。布兰福德觉得自己的心好像被压缩成一个小水泥球，他多想跟着那女孩，但又深深地向往那位以心灵真诚地陪伴他、带给他温暖的女人；而她正站在那里。现在他可以看见，她苍白而肥胖的脸上透着和善与智慧。她灰色的眼中闪烁着温暖和善良。

12.布兰福德克制住跟随年轻女子而去的冲动，尽管这样做并不容易。他的手抓着那本在他去战场前她寄给他的书，为的是让霍利斯·梅内尔认出他。这不会成为爱情，但将成为一样珍贵的东西，一样可能比爱情更不寻常的东西──一份他一直感激、也将继续感激的友情。

13.他向那个女人举起书。

14.“我是约翰·布兰福德，你──你就是霍利斯·梅内尔吧。我非常高兴你能来见我。我能请你吃晚餐么？”那女人微笑着。“我不知道这到底是怎么回事，孩子，”她答道：“那位穿绿色套装的年轻女士──刚走过去的那位──请求我把这朵玫瑰别在衣服上。她说如果你邀请我和你一起出去，我就告诉你她在公路附近的那家大餐厅等你。她说这是一种考验。”

UNIT 5

1.我女儿抽烟。她做作业时，脚搁在前面的长凳上，计算器嗒嗒地跳出几何题的答案。我看着那包已抽了一半、她随意扔在手边的“骆驼”牌香烟。我拿起香烟，走到厨房里去仔细察看，那里的光线好一点──谢天谢地，香烟是有过滤嘴的。我心里十分难过。我想哭。事实上，我确实哭过。我站在炉子旁边，手里捏着一支雪白的香烟，制作得非常精致，但那可是会致我女儿于死地的东西啊。当她抽“万宝路”及“普雷厄尔”牌香烟时，我硬起心肠，不让自己感到难过。我认识的人当中没有人抽这两种牌子的香烟。

2.她不知道我父亲、也就是她外公生前抽的就是“骆驼”牌香烟。但是在他开始抽机制卷烟之前──那时他很年轻、也很穷，眼睛炯炯有神──他抽的是用“阿尔伯特亲王牌”烟丝自己手工卷的香烟。我还记得那鲜红的烟丝盒，上面有一张维多利亚女王丈夫阿尔伯特亲王的照片，他身穿黑色燕尾服，手里拿着一支手杖。

3.到40年代末、50年代初，我的家乡佐治亚州的伊腾顿已没有人再自己手工卷烟了（而且几乎没有女人抽烟）。烟草业，再加上好莱坞电影──影片中的男女主角都是烟鬼──把像我父亲这样的人完完全全争取了过去，他们无可救药地抽烟抽上了瘾。然而我父亲从来就没有像阿尔伯特亲王那样时髦过。他还是一个贫穷、过于肥胖、为养活一大家人而拼命干活的男人。他是黑人，嘴里却总叼着一支雪白的香烟。

4.我记不清父亲是什么时候开始咳嗽的。也许开始时并不明显，只是早晨一下床点燃第一支香烟时才有点微咳。到我16岁，也就是我女儿现在这般年纪时，他一呼吸就呼哧呼哧的，让人感到不安；他上楼时每走三、四级楼梯就得停下来休息一会儿，而且，他常常一连咳上一个小时。

5.肺部的病痛把我父亲折磨得虚弱不堪，一个严冬，他死于被称为“穷人之友” 的疾病──肺炎。他咳嗽了这么多年，我想他的肺部已没有什么完好的地方了。去世前几年，他的呼吸已经很虚弱了，他总得倚靠着某个东西。我记得有一次全家聚会，当时我女儿才两岁，他抱了她一会儿，好让我有时间给他俩拍张照片。但是很明显，他是费了好大劲儿的。生命行将结束前，他才戒了烟，主要是因为他的肺功能已极度受损。戒烟后他的体重增加了几磅，但当时他太瘦了，所以没人注意到这一点。

6.我到第三世界国家去旅行时，看到了许多像我父亲和女儿那样的人。到处都有针对他们这两类人的巨大广告牌：强壮、自信或时髦的成熟男人，以及漂亮、“世故”的年青女子，都在吞云吐雾。就像在美国的旧城区和印第安人的居留地上一样，在这些贫困的国家里，那些本应该花在食物上的钱却流进了烟草公司。久而久之，人们不但缺少食物，而且还缺少空气，这样不但大大地损害了孩子们的体质，还使他们染上了烟瘾，最终还会致他们于死地。我在报纸还有我订阅的园艺杂志上看到，烟蒂的毒性很强：一个婴儿如果吞下了一个烟蒂，就很有可能会死去，而沸水加一把烟蒂就成了很有效的杀虫剂。

7.作为母亲，我深深地感到痛苦。有时我有一种无能为力的感觉。我记得自己怀孕时，吃东西的时候是多么小心啊！之后在教她如何安全穿过马路时，又是多么耐心啊！有时我纳闷：自己这样做到底是为了什么？难道是为了她今后大半辈子有气无力地挣扎着呼吸，然后再像她外公那样自己把自己毒死吗？

8.我特别喜欢一条写在受虐妇女收容所里的语录：“人间和平，始于家庭。”我认为世上所有的东西都是如此。我还想起了另一条写给那些想戒烟的人们的语录：“每个家庭都应该是禁烟区。”抽烟是一种自我毁灭，而且也毁灭着那些不得不坐在你身边的人。那些人偶尔也会取笑或抱怨你抽烟，可常常只能无可奈何地坐在一边看。我现在意识到，从我还是个孩子起，这些年来我实际上是一直坐在旁边，看着我父亲自杀。对那些生意兴隆的烟草公司的巨头们来说，能在我家取得这样一种胜利，肯定是够满意了。