第一篇：2018考研英语冲刺之长难句翻译赏析
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2018考研英语冲刺之长难句翻译赏析
所谓长难句，就是指句子中有着复杂的结构和一些生僻名词或者熟词僻意词汇，句子本身较长，结构复杂，理解有难度，试想，如果句子中的词汇不是很熟悉，一定会对理解造成一定的影响，考研英语一中会出现超纲词汇，考生不可避免的会“懵”出词汇含义，这就考察到翻译的技巧。下面为考生展现了一些晶灿的长难句翻译，希望考生从中领悟翻译精髓。
It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize s and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.【精彩译文】构思物体和找出数字模型的能力是如何让一个人去回答那些连最好的诗人和哲学家都回避的问题的，这点我们还不是很清楚。
Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters,whether it’s knowing when to guess or what question to skip.【精彩译文】任何一个参加过SAT考试的人都会证实考试的技巧也很重要，无论这种技巧是知道什么时候去猜还是知道什么问题应该跳过。
On another level ,many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.【精彩译文】在另一个层面上，很多医疗界的人事承认，关于医生帮助下的自杀的讨论部分是因为病人的绝望情绪，对病人来说，现代医学已经延长了死亡的身体痛苦。
The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training , and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.【精彩译文】很自然，这种趋势会在尤以数学或实验室训练为基础的自然科学领域中表现得最为明显，并且可以用英国的地质学发展作为例证来说明。
The findings add weight to the theory that large areas of the Amazon have recovered so well from past periods of agricultural use that the regrowth has been mistaken by generations of biologists for“birgin”forest.【精彩译文】有理论认为亚马逊流域很大一部分从过去的农业耕作中如此完美地恢复了过来，以至于哪些重新生长的部分被好几代生物学家都错误地认为是原始森林。这些发现进一步地证明了这一理论。
An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of student’s career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical education reform.【精彩译文】一条五星的界限将支持计算机课堂的人分成两类：一类是从学生的职业前景出发考虑的，另一类人想得是像教育的彻底改革这样的一些更广泛的理由。
Instead , we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles , which now more than
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ever seem in ample supply:the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home;the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants;the jouranlist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.【精彩译文】相反，我们看到了这些非常虚伪的景象，他们似乎比以前的任何时候都更多见：批判美国式物质主义的人却拥有位于南安普顿的避暑山庄；激进书籍的出版商却在三星级餐厅享用一日三餐；倡导在人生各个阶段实施参与制民主的记者，他的子女却就读于私立学校。
考研成功难又不难，一旦大家开始准备就要全力以赴。自制力差的学生可以找几个研友，互相激励，因为坚持下来也确实不容易，也看个人习惯，有的同学可能一个人学习更有效率；在这个过程中更主要的还有大家坚持的信念，坚持完成一件事情本身就是成功。
在三百多天的日子里，老师会一直陪伴着大家，里边的每条微博、微信、咨询都是温暖大家并激励大家前行的动力。奔跑吧，2018的考生们！
虽然有突破口、也有规律可循，但这并不意味着我们可以一劳永逸、高枕无忧，要知道，想要精通世界上任何一门语言，除非有天生的语言天分，否则偷不得半分懒，只能勤勤恳恳反复练习。一遍不懂读两遍，默念不行就大声念出来，遇到不认识的单词就查，不懂的句子就静下心来拆分结构。总之，读书百遍、其义自现，英语学习之路上没有笨蛋，只有懒人。综上就是小编给大家提供的高分技巧，技巧就是牢固的知识点和强悍的答题思路，预祝所有考生2018考研有个好成绩。凯程教育：
凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。凯程考研的宗旨：让学习成为一种习惯；
凯程考研的价值观口号：凯旋归来，前程万里； 信念：让每个学员都有好最好的归宿；
使命：完善全新的教育模式，做中国最专业的考研辅导机构； 激情：永不言弃，乐观向上；
敬业：以专业的态度做非凡的事业；
服务：以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作，为学员服务，为学员引路。
如何选择考研辅导班：
在考研准备的过程中，会遇到不少困难，尤其对于跨专业考生的专业课来说，通过报辅导班来弥补自己复习的不足，可以大大提高复习效率，节省复习时间，大家可以通过以下几个方面来考察辅导班，或许能帮你找到适合你的辅导班。
师资力量：师资力量是考察辅导班的首要因素，考生可以针对辅导名师的辅导年限、辅导经验、历年辅导效果、学员评价等因素进行综合评价，询问往届学长然后选择。判断师资力量关键在于综合实力，因为任何一门课程，都不是由
一、两个教师包到底的，是一批教师配合
凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！
的结果。还要深入了解教师的学术背景、资料著述成就、辅导成就等。凯程考研名师云集，李海洋、张鑫教授、方浩教授、卢营教授、孙浩教授等一大批名师在凯程授课。而有的机构只是很普通的老师授课，对知识点把握和命题方向，欠缺火候。
对该专业有辅导历史：必须对该专业深刻理解，才能深入辅导学员考取该校。在考研辅导班中，从来见过如此辉煌的成绩：凯程教育拿下2015五道口金融学院状元，考取五道口15人，清华经管金融硕士10人，人大金融硕士15个，中财和贸大金融硕士合计20人，北师大教育学7人，会计硕士保录班考取30人，翻译硕士接近20人，中传状元王园璐、郑家威都是来自凯程，法学方面，凯程在人大、北大、贸大、政法、武汉大学、公安大学等院校斩获多个法学和法硕状元，更多专业成绩请查看凯程网站。在凯程官方网站的光荣榜，成功学员经验谈视频特别多，都是凯程战绩的最好证明。对于如此高的成绩，凯程集训营班主任邢老师说，凯程如此优异的成绩，是与我们凯程严格的管理，全方位的辅导是分不开的，很多学生本科都不是名校，某些学生来自二本三本甚至不知名的院校，还有很多是工作了多年才回来考的，大多数是跨专业考研，他们的难度大，竞争激烈，没有严格的训练和同学们的刻苦学习，是很难达到优异的成绩。最好的办法是直接和凯程老师详细沟通一下就清楚了。
建校历史：机构成立的历史也是一个参考因素，历史越久，积累的人脉资源更多。例如，凯程教育已经成立10年（2005年），一直以来专注于考研，成功率一直遥遥领先，同学们有兴趣可以联系一下他们在线老师或者电话。
有没有实体学校校区：有些机构比较小，就是一个在写字楼里上课，自习，这种环境是不太好的，一个优秀的机构必须是在教学环境，大学校园这样环境。凯程有自己的学习校区，有吃住学一体化教学环境，独立卫浴、空调、暖气齐全，这也是一个考研机构实力的体现。此外，最好还要看一下他们的营业执照。
第二篇：2018考研英语真题之长难句翻译及解析3
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2018考研英语真题之长难句翻译及解析(三)
1.But,for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not.[参考译文] 但是，对一个小部分学生来说，职业教育也是条可取的路径。因为在其他因素相同的情况下，技能的娴熟是得到工作与否的关键。
2.Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment-although no one had proposed to do so--and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning.[参考译文] 他宣布自己反对使用这种非同寻常的畜牧繁殖技术来克隆人类，并下令.不准联邦政府基金用于做此类试验--尽管还没有人建议这么做--他还请一个以普林斯顿大学校长哈罗得·夏皮罗为首的独立的专家组在90 天内向白宫汇报关于制定有关克隆人的国家政策的建议。
3.In a draft preface to the recommendations, discussed at the 17 May meeting, Shapiro suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be “morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning”.[参考译文] 在5月17日的会议上所讨论的这份建议书的序言草案中，夏皮罗提出，专家组已经达成广泛共识，那就是“试图通过成人细胞核克隆来制造人类幼儿的做法在道德上是不可接受的”。
4.Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds to create embryos(the earliest stage of human offspring before birth)for research or to knowingly endanger an embryo“s life, NBAC will remain silent on embryo research.[参考译文] 因为现今的联邦法律已经禁止使用联邦基金克隆胚胎(人类后裔在出生前的最早阶段)用于研究或者有意地威胁胚胎的生命，NBAC在胚胎研究上将保持沉默。
5.If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents.[参考译文] 如果试验是像科学杂志上的报告所示的那样如实地根据计划规划和实施的话，那么对管理层来说，期待研究能够产生可以用金钱衡量的结果是完全合理的。
6.It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping 可锐教育官网http://www.xiexiebang.com
one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope.[参考译文] 审查者完全有理由相信，知道自己准备做什么、怎么做的科学家不应该因为必须一只眼盯着收银机，一只眼盯着显微镜而分散了注意力。
7.Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the ”odd balls“ among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who ”work well with the team.“
[参考译文] 如果科学家对标准式样的整齐划一的要求就像他论文的写作所反映的一样，那么管理层就不该因歧视研究者中的”思维与众不同的人“，喜欢其中较为传统的”善于团队合作“的思想者而受到指责了。
8.The grand mediocrity of today--everyone being the same in survival and number of off-spring--means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribe.[参考译文] 当今人与人在很大程度上的平等--即面对自然淘汰法则人人机会均等，并且连子嗣的数目都一样--意味着和在印度土著部落中的情况相比，印度中上层阶级中已丧失了80%的自然选择中的优势。
9.When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.[参考译文] 当艺术领域的一个新运动发展成某种流行时尚时，最好应该弄清这场运动倡导者的真正意图，因为，不管他们的原则在今天看来多么牵强无理，很可能多年以后他们的理论会被视为正常。
10.With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right--it can hardly be classed as Literature.[参考译文] 然而就未来主义诗歌来说，情况则不这么简单了，因为不管未来主义诗歌是什么--就算承认它赖以存在的理论基础都是正确的--这种形式也很难被归入文学。
11.The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for a mateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century.[参考译文] 这样一来总的结果便是业余爱好者想在专业地质学期刊…卜发表文章就更难了，而被广泛使用的论文评审推荐制度又进一步强化了这一结果，该种制度先是出现在可锐教育官网http://www.xiexiebang.com
19世纪的国家级刊物上，后又在20世纪被几家地方级地质学刊物所使用。
12.A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.[参考译文] 一个颇为相似的分化过程已经导致专业的地质学家走到一起组成一到两个全国性的专科学术社团，而业余地质爱好者们倾向于要么仍留在地方社团，要么也以另一种方式组成全国性机构。
13.Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low--level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head--scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.[参考译文] 遗憾地讲，这次新闻机构可信度调查计划结果只获得了一些十分低层次的发现，比如新闻报道中的事实错误，拼写或语法错误(和这些低层次发现)交织在一起的还有许多令人挠头的困惑，譬如读者到底想读些什么。
14.I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&M wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers” demands.[参考译文] 我认为巨大的并购浪潮背后的最重要的推动力同时也就是促成全球化进程的那方基石：即降低交通运输成本，逐渐减少贸易投资壁垒，以及大幅度拓展市场，这些都要求更大规模的经营管理以满足消费者需求。
15.A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress promoted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming “I wanted to spend more time with my family.”
[参考译文] 一次侧面的不光明磊落的攻击伤害了我的自尊，阻碍了我事业的发展，使我不得不抛弃了那份引人注目的工作，尽管表面上我还要以一个蒙受屈辱的政府部长的姿态，通过声称“我只不过是想多和家人呆在一起” 来掩盖我的退出。
16.I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.[参考译文] 或许正像凯尔西在不堪积劳重负而公开地辞去她在《她》杂志社的编辑
一职之后一样，我已经发现，放弃那种”为生活忙碌“的人生信条并转 可锐教育官网http://www.xiexiebang.com
而追求比较悠闲的生活带给你的回报远远大于经济成功和社会地位。
17.While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline-after the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late ” 80s-and is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle-class down shifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives.[参考译文] 在美国，这一返朴趋势是以经济衰落的反应为开始的--那是在80年
代末期裁员而引起大量的失业之后一一现在依然与提倡节俭的政纲相：
关;而在英国，最起码在我所熟识的中产阶级返朴归隐者中，追求简约;生活的原因就多种多样了。
18.For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the“ 80s, down-shifting in the mid” 90s is not so much a search for the mythical good lift-growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one-as a personal recognition of your limitations.[参考译文] 对于我这一代曾在整个80年代为生活奔波的女人来说，90年代中期出
现的归隐恬退与其说是我们寻求一种神话般的美好生活--用有机肥种植蔬菜，并且自己放弃一切的风险--不如说是我们清醒地认识到自身;能力是有限的这一事实。
19.If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it“ 11 be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman” s notorious bad taste in ties.[参考译文] 如果你是你讲话对象中的一员，那么你就身处一种(有利)位置宋了解对你们来说都很普遍的经历和问题，而且你对餐厅中难以下咽的食物或老总臭名昭彰的领带品位进行随意评判也是合适的。
20.There are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy--far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their handsaone
[参考译文] 现在已有一些机器人系统能够进行精确到毫米以下的脑部和骨骼手术——这要比极具技巧的医生单单用手精确得多。
第三篇：2014考研英语难句翻译之三
2014考研英语难句翻译之三
一For instance, the mass-production philosophy of United States automakers
encouraged the production of huge lots of cars in order to utilize fully expensive,component-specific equipment and to occupy fully workers who have been
trained to execute one operation efficiently.词汇突破： philosophy理念(哲学)
the production ofhuge lots of cars 大规模生产汽车
Component-specific equipment 制造专用零件的设备
execute one operation 执行一步操作
efficiently 高效地
主干识别: The mass-production philosophy（of
United States automakers 定语）
encouraged the production of huge lots of cars
其他成分：in order to utilize fully
expensive,component-specific equipment and to occupy fully workers目的状语
who have been trained to execute
oneoperation efficiently.定语从句（who = workers）（翻译时可以单独成句）
参考译文：比如说，美国汽车制造商们的大规模生
产的理念鼓励大规模生产汽车，目的是为了（不仅）能完全利用昂贵的制造专用零件的设备，而且一些工人经过培训可以高效的执行单一的操作，这样以来就能完全充分地利用这些工人时间。
二Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which，in its strongest form，states that language imprisons the mind，and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.主干识别: Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism
其他成分： which，in its strongest from，states
that language imprisons the mind，and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.定语从句
翻译点拨：词汇的处理：
1）a sort of 某种
2)linguistic determinism语言决定论
3)in its strongest form其极端说法是;
4)imprison the mind禁锢思维
5)far-reaching 深远的;伸得很远的；
主句的处理：
Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism.Whorf逐渐相信了某种语言决定论；定语从句的处理：
which，in its strongest from，states that language imprisons the mind，and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society
in its strongest from其极端的说法其极端的说法是认为…和 认为…
状语的处理：
for the culture of a society
对社会的文化..参考译文：Whorf逐渐接受了某种语言决定论；这种观点的极端说法是：语言禁锢了思想，语言的语法模式可以对某种社会文化产生深远的影响
三When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather[ft=rgb(217, 226),1,verdana]221, than laughed at.主干识别：it is not a mistake
其他成分：状语：When that happens
冒号引导的一个从句：it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action
同位语：an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.翻译点拨： When that happens, it is not a mistake指代的合并翻译：
that(代词作主语)联系上下文译为这种反应直译：当这种反应发生的时候，这种反应是没有错误的。
合译：这种反应是没有错的词的点拨： mankind's instinct for moral reasoning 人类道德观念推理的本能
in action 起作用
rather than 而不是
参考译文：这种反应并不错，这是人类用道德观念进行推理的本能在起作用，这种本能应得到鼓励而不应遭到嘲弄。
四 Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles.Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes.【词汇突破】lawsuit 法律诉讼
compendsate 赔偿
warn of 警告
liable 负责
juries 陪审团
【主干识别】or连接两个并列的句子前一句主干为：a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles.后一句为：the thinking has gone has gone so.【其他成分】第一句：luckily状语；if the doormat or
stove failed to warn of coming disaster状语；
第二句：since the early 1980s, 状语；when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes定语从句修饰the early 1980s.【微观解析】when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes定语从句中holding所接宾语为一独立主格结构相当于一个名词，其完整形式是：More companies are liable for their customers’ misfoutunes，其中are 变为being ,being再被省去，详细内容可以参看独立主格的讲解。
【难点揭秘】这个句子难点就是so 在句子中的位置发生了改变，到了or 后面，而刚好 or so 是一个熟悉的短语可以修饰1980’s是很有可能误解为：the thinking has gone，这样句子的意思就反生了完全的改变。
【译文赏析】幸运的是，如果门垫或者是火炉没有能警告即将到来的灾难，你可以通过一场成功的法律诉讼来赔偿你的麻烦。从1980年代的早期以来人们的想法就是这样的了，那时候法庭认为商家对消费者的不幸应该负担更多的责任。
第四篇：2018考研英语长难句翻译讲解
2018考研英语长难句翻译讲解（2）
长短句是考研英语的一大重难点，打好长短句翻译基础，将会给我们的翻译和作文带来巨大的帮助。
1.That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court's decisions will be accepted as impartial judgements.【分析】复合句，主句为 That kind of activity makes it less likely, it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是 that 引导的名词性从句。
【译文】这类行为使得法院的裁定被认为是公正判决的可能性有所下降。2.Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social concepts like liberty and property.【分析】复合句。主句为 Constitutional law is political。because 引导原因状语从句;其中分词短语rooted in...作定语修饰 choices, 介词短语 like liberty and property 修饰 concepts。
【译文】宪法是由植根于自由和所有权等基本社会观念的选择造成的，因此它是政治性的。
3.Those forced to exercises their smiling muscles reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, suggesting that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.【分析】复合句。主句为 Those...reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons，过去分词短语forced to...作后置定语修饰 those。than 引导比较状语从句，该从句中的主语 those 由定语从句修饰，因其较长，谓语又因与主句重复而省略为 did，所以用倒装语序。suggesting...为现在分词结构作结果状语，其中包含 that 引导的宾语从句。
【译文】那些用牙齿咬着笔，表现出笑容的人比那些用嘴唇叼着笔、表现出沮丧神情的人在看搞笑的动画片时所作出的反应更丰富。这就证明了表情能够影响情绪，而不是情绪影响表情。
【拓展】1)contract 作名词时意为“契约，合同;婚约”;作动词时意为“缔结，订契约;染上(恶习，疾病等);(使)收缩，(使)紧缩”。2)frown“皱眉，蹙眉”，既是动词也是名词。
4.An awareness that they were being experimented upon seemed to be enough to alter workers's behavior by itself.【分析】复合句。句子主干为。An awareness...seemed to be enough to alter...。that 引导同位语从句补充说明awareness，其中 they 指代后面的 workers。Be enough to do “足以...”。
【译文】只要意识到她们在接受实验，这一意识本身似乎就足以改变工人们的行为。
第五篇：考研英语长难句翻译：经典一百句
1.The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
2.Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.[参考译文]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
3.If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.[参考译文]另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消 费者购买产品。
4.In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.[参考译文]在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特定的权利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体(经济单位)自由签定合同的权利。
5.At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly.And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.[参考译文]同时这些计算机记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们(计算机)也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。
6.Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.[参考译文]不计其数的其他商业企业，从剧院到杂志出版商，从公用燃气电力设施到牛奶处理厂，都通过计算机的使用给消费者带来更好、更有效率的服务。
7.Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.[参考译文]残疾儿童在许多关键方面都与其同龄人不同。为了让这些孩子发展其全部的成人后的潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些不同。
8.The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.[参考译文]在过去的30年中，公共教育中显示的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中的一种中强烈的情绪，那就是所有的公民，不管其情况有多特殊，都应享有充分发展其能力的机会。
9.It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing
a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.[参考译文]它(广告)能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去，因此可以(使公司)建立一个坚固的国内市场，同时也使以具有竞争力的价格提供出口变得可能。
10.Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements.[参考译文]除去议会有27件法案来规范广告的条件，没有任何一个正式的广告商敢于推销一种商品却不能兑现其在广告中的承诺。
11.If its message were confined merely to information and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is subtly persuasive-advertising wound be so boring that no one wound pay any attention.[参考译文]如果其信息只被局限于告知一一就广告而言，如果这不是完全不可能达到的，也是非常难做的，因为即便是一个诸如衬衫的颜色的选择这样的细节都会具有微妙的说服意味，那么广告就会如此地乏味以至于没有人 会关注它。
12.The workers who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for there efforts.[参考译文]得到了升迁的工人们，成绩进步的学生，学会了一门新语言的外国人一 一这些都是那些有可衡量的结果宋显示其努力的人们的例证。
13.As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.[参考译文]随着家庭离开他们原来稳定的社区，离开他们多年的朋友和扩展的家庭关系，非正式的信息流动被切断了，随之而去的是对在需要时能获得可靠和值得信赖的信息的信心。
14.The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time--consuming, and sometimes even overwhelming.[参考译文]现在每个人能够得到的信息比任何时代的人都多，而找到与他／她的特定问题相关的那一点信息的任务不仅复杂、耗时，有时甚至令人难以招。
15.Expertise can be shared world wide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site.[参考译文]通过远程会议，专家知识可以在全世界范围内被分享，而争论的问题能够得到解决，同时相关人员也不必离开他们的家庭或工作跑到一个遥远的开会地点。
16.The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B type fellows.[参考译文]现在这种让孩子们和其同学或时间竞争的热情导致了一个双层结构，在这个结构里面善于竞争的A类好像在某个方面要比他们B类的同辈更胜一筹。
17.While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.[参考译文]在跟你谈话的时候，可能成为你的雇主的人就一直在衡量你的教育、经 验和其他资格是不是值得他雇用你，而你的“商品”和能力一定要以一种有条不紊而且合情合理的相
互关联的方式被展示出来。
18.The Corporation will survive as a publicly funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programs are now the subject of a nation wide debate in Britain.[参考译文]英国广播公司将作为一个公共基金支持的广播组织存在下来，至少目前会这样，但是它的角色、它的规模和它的节目现在在英国成了全国上下的讨论话题。
19.The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC--including ordinary listeners and viewer to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping.[参考译文]这场辩论是由政府发动的，政府请任何一个对英国广播公司有意见的人一包括普通的听众和观众一来说说这个公司好在哪里或坏在哪里，甚至要说说他们是否认为这个公司值得被保留下来。
20.The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large profess signal element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.[参考译文]这种变化通过引入许多的专业因素从而适应了这个新时代的技术要求，并且它(这种变化)防止了效率的降低。这种效率的降低在精力充沛的创业者之后的第二代和第三代人(领导公司)的时候，经常会毁掉那些家族公司的财富。
21.Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners: and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.[参考译文]这样巨大而非个人的对资金和产业的操纵极大地增加了股东的数量和他 们作为一个阶级的重要性，这是国家生活中代表不负责任的财富的一个因素，这种财富不但远离了土地和土地拥有者的责任，而且几乎同样与公司的负责任的管理毫无关系。
22.Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management.[参考译文]像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本这样的城镇的涌现是为了给那些数量很多的“舒 适”阶级提供居住场所。这些人依赖于其丰厚收入而不工作，他们除了 分红和偶尔参加一下股东大会，向管理层口授一下自己的命令之外，跟社会的其他阶层毫无瓜葛。
23.The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.[参考译文]这样的“股东”对他拥有股份的公司所雇用的工人们的生活、思想和需求一无所知，而且他们对劳资双方的关系都不会产生积极的影响。
24.The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.[参考译文]代表公司的花钱雇来的经理与工人及其需求的关系更加直接，但是就连 他对工人们也没有那种熟识的私人之间的了解。而在现在正在消失的古老家族公司的那种更加家长式的制度下的雇主们却常常对他们的工人有 这样的私人关系。
25.Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country's excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology； the practice of giving premiums to inventors;and above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological.[参考译文]在许多形成因素当中，我将挑选出这些：这个国家优秀的小学教育：欢 迎新技术的劳动者们：奖励发明者的做法；而且最重要的是美国人在对 那些技术性事物的非言语的、“空间性的”思考方面的天赋。
26.As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, “A technologist thinks about objects that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process...The designer and the inventor.., are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist”.[参考译文]正如尤金•弗格森所指出的那样：“一个技术专家思考那些不能被简化成 能被清楚的语言描述的东西。这些东西在他的思维中是通过一种视觉的、非语言表述的过程宋处理的……设计者和发明者……能够在他们的脑中装配并操作那些还不存在的装置。”
27.Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheel, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea”.[参考译文]罗伯特•法欧特曾经这样写到：“一个技师会坐在杠杆、螺丝钉、楔子、轮子等等当中，就像一个诗人沉浸在字母表的字母中，把这些字母看成自己思想的展示，在这样的展示中，每种新的次序安排都传达了--种新 的思想。”
28.In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating.He describes their programs and, tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise.[参考译文]在最后三章中，他脱下手套，将神造论者好好地揍了一顿。他描述了他 们的活动和战术，而且，对于那些对神造论者的做事方式刁；熟悉的人来说，神造论者的欺骗和扭曲事实的程度可能会令这些人有一种不快的诧异。
29.On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: “This book stands for reason itself.” And so it does-and all wound be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.[参考译文]在这本杰出的书的外纸封面上，史蒂芬•杰伊•古尔德写道：“这本书本 身就代表理性。”而它确实是这样的--而且如果理性成为神造论／地化论之间的辩论中的惟一评判标准的话，一切就都好办了。
30.After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.[参考译文]经过了六个月的争论以及最后16个小时激烈的议会辩论，澳大利亚北 部地区成了世界上第一个允许医生终止希望死去的绝症病人生命的立法当局。
31.Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage.But the tide is unlikely to turn back.[参考译文]一些机构终于松了一口气，但是其他一些机构，包括教堂，倡导生命之 权的团体和澳大利亚医学协会，尖锐地抨击这个法案，指责法案的通过过于匆忙。但是大势已定，不可逆转。
32.In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community
attitudes have all played their partother states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.[参考译文]在澳大利亚--人口老龄化，延长寿命的技术和变化看的社会态度，这 些因素都在发挥作用一一其他的州也会考虑制定相似的关于安乐死的法律。
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