2018考研英语长难句翻译技巧：分句法

第一篇：2018考研英语长难句翻译技巧：分句法

凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！

2018考研英语长难句翻译技巧：分句法

长难句是考研英语翻译和阅读中常见的一个难点，是考生必须要攻克的壁垒之一。攻克长难句的指导思想就是拆分解读，需要考生配合相应的一些技巧，本文中要分享的就是长难句翻译的分句法，大家理解学习。

2018考研英语长难句翻译技巧：分句法

分句法，有时英语长句中主语或主句与修饰词的关系并不十分密切，翻译时可以按照汉语多用短句的习惯，把长句的从句或短语化成句子，分开来叙述，为了使语意连贯，有时需要适当增加词语。例如：

例 1.The number of the young people in the United States who can`t read is incredible about one in four.上句在英语中是一个相对简单的句子，但是如果我们按照原文的句子结构死译，就可能被翻译成：

没有阅读能力的美国青年人的数目令人难以相信约为 1/4。这样，就使得译文极为不通顺，不符合汉语的表达习惯，因此，我们应该把它译为：大约有 1/4 的美国青年人没有阅读能力，这简直令人难以置信。

例 2.Television,it is often said,keeps one informed about current events,allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics,and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive and entertaining.(85 年考题)

分析：在此长句中，有一个插入语“it is often said”，三个并列的谓语结构，还有一个定语从句，这三个并列的谓语结构尽管在结构上同属于同一个句子，但都有独立的意义，因此在翻译时，可以采用分句法，按照汉语的习惯把整个句子分解成几个独立的分句，结果为：人们常说，通过电视可以了解时事，掌握科学和政治的最新动态。从电视里还可以看到层出不穷、既有教育意义又有娱乐性的新节目。

下面我们再举一个例子：

例 3.All they have to do is press a button,and they can see plays,films,operas,and shows of every kind,not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.(85 年考题)

他们所必须做的只是按一下开关。开关一开，就可以看到电视剧、电影、歌剧，以及

其他各种各样的文艺节目。至于政治问题的辩论、最近的激动人心的足球赛更是不在话下。

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凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！

例 4.Although perhaps only 1 per cent of the life that has started somewhere will develop into highly complex and intelligent patterns，so vast is the number of planets that intelligent life is bound to be a natural part of the universe.虽然在某处已经开始的生命中可能仅有百分之一会发展成高度复杂、有智慧的型式，但是行星的数目如此之多，以致有智慧的生命一定是宇宙的一个天然组成部分。

长难句是考研英语翻译和阅读中常见的一个难点，是考生必须要攻克的壁垒之一。攻克长难句的指导思想就是拆分解读，需要考生配合相应的一些技巧，凯程网考研频道本文中要分享的就是长难句翻译的分句法，大家理解学习。

2017考研英语长难句翻译技巧：分句法

分句法，有时英语长句中主语或主句与修饰词的关系并不十分密切，翻译时可以按照汉语多用短句的习惯，把长句的从句或短语化成句子，分开来叙述，为了使语意连贯，有时需要适当增加词语。例如：

例 1.The number of the young people in the United States who can`t read is incredible about one in four.上句在英语中是一个相对简单的句子，但是如果我们按照原文的句子结构死译，就可能被翻译成：

没有阅读能力的美国青年人的数目令人难以相信约为 1/4。这样，就使得译文极为不通顺，不符合汉语的表达习惯，因此，我们应该把它译为：大约有 1/4 的美国青年人没有阅读能力，这简直令人难以置信。

例 2.Television,it is often said,keeps one informed about current events,allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics,and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive and entertaining.(85 年考题)

分析：在此长句中，有一个插入语“it is often said”，三个并列的谓语结构，还有一个定语从句，这三个并列的谓语结构尽管在结构上同属于同一个句子，但都有独立的意义，因此在翻译时，可以采用分句法，按照汉语的习惯把整个句子分解成几个独立的分句，结果为：人们常说，通过电视可以了解时事，掌握科学和政治的最新动态。从电视里还可以看到层出不穷、既有教育意义又有娱乐性的新节目。

下面我们再举一个例子：

例 3.All they have to do is press a button,and they can see plays,films,operas,and shows of every kind,not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.(85 年考题)2 页 共 2 页

凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！

他们所必须做的只是按一下开关。开关一开，就可以看到电视剧、电影、歌剧，以及

其他各种各样的文艺节目。至于政治问题的辩论、最近的激动人心的足球赛更是不在话下。

例 4.Although perhaps only 1 per cent of the life that has started somewhere will develop into highly complex and intelligent patterns，so vast is the number of planets that intelligent life is bound to be a natural part of the universe.虽然在某处已经开始的生命中可能仅有百分之一会发展成高度复杂、有智慧的型式，但是行星的数目如此之多，以致有智慧的生命一定是宇宙的一个天然组成部分。

其实看看凯程考研怎么样，最简单的一个办法，看看他们有没有成功的学生，最直观的办法是到凯程网站，上面有大量学员经验谈视频，这些都是凯程扎扎实实的辅导案例，其他机构网站几乎没有考上学生的视频，这就是凯程和其他机构的优势，凯程是扎实辅导、严格管理、规范教学取得如此优秀的成绩。

辨别凯程和其他机构谁靠谱的办法。

凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！

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第二篇：2018考研英语长难句翻译讲解

2018考研英语长难句翻译讲解（2）

长短句是考研英语的一大重难点，打好长短句翻译基础，将会给我们的翻译和作文带来巨大的帮助。

1.That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court's decisions will be accepted as impartial judgements.【分析】复合句，主句为 That kind of activity makes it less likely, it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是 that 引导的名词性从句。

【译文】这类行为使得法院的裁定被认为是公正判决的可能性有所下降。2.Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social concepts like liberty and property.【分析】复合句。主句为 Constitutional law is political。because 引导原因状语从句;其中分词短语rooted in...作定语修饰 choices, 介词短语 like liberty and property 修饰 concepts。

【译文】宪法是由植根于自由和所有权等基本社会观念的选择造成的，因此它是政治性的。

3.Those forced to exercises their smiling muscles reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, suggesting that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.【分析】复合句。主句为 Those...reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons，过去分词短语forced to...作后置定语修饰 those。than 引导比较状语从句，该从句中的主语 those 由定语从句修饰，因其较长，谓语又因与主句重复而省略为 did，所以用倒装语序。suggesting...为现在分词结构作结果状语，其中包含 that 引导的宾语从句。

【译文】那些用牙齿咬着笔，表现出笑容的人比那些用嘴唇叼着笔、表现出沮丧神情的人在看搞笑的动画片时所作出的反应更丰富。这就证明了表情能够影响情绪，而不是情绪影响表情。

【拓展】1)contract 作名词时意为“契约，合同;婚约”;作动词时意为“缔结，订契约;染上(恶习，疾病等);(使)收缩，(使)紧缩”。2)frown“皱眉，蹙眉”，既是动词也是名词。

4.An awareness that they were being experimented upon seemed to be enough to alter workers's behavior by itself.【分析】复合句。句子主干为。An awareness...seemed to be enough to alter...。that 引导同位语从句补充说明awareness，其中 they 指代后面的 workers。Be enough to do “足以...”。

【译文】只要意识到她们在接受实验，这一意识本身似乎就足以改变工人们的行为。

第三篇：考研英语长难句翻译：经典一百句

1.The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。

2.Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.[参考译文]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。

3.If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.[参考译文]另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消 费者购买产品。

4.In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.[参考译文]在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特定的权利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体(经济单位)自由签定合同的权利。

5.At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly.And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.[参考译文]同时这些计算机记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们(计算机)也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。

6.Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.[参考译文]不计其数的其他商业企业，从剧院到杂志出版商，从公用燃气电力设施到牛奶处理厂，都通过计算机的使用给消费者带来更好、更有效率的服务。

7.Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.[参考译文]残疾儿童在许多关键方面都与其同龄人不同。为了让这些孩子发展其全部的成人后的潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些不同。

8.The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.[参考译文]在过去的30年中，公共教育中显示的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中的一种中强烈的情绪，那就是所有的公民，不管其情况有多特殊，都应享有充分发展其能力的机会。

9.It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing

a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.[参考译文]它(广告)能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去，因此可以(使公司)建立一个坚固的国内市场，同时也使以具有竞争力的价格提供出口变得可能。

10.Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements.[参考译文]除去议会有27件法案来规范广告的条件，没有任何一个正式的广告商敢于推销一种商品却不能兑现其在广告中的承诺。

11.If its message were confined merely to information and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is subtly persuasive-advertising wound be so boring that no one wound pay any attention.[参考译文]如果其信息只被局限于告知一一就广告而言，如果这不是完全不可能达到的，也是非常难做的，因为即便是一个诸如衬衫的颜色的选择这样的细节都会具有微妙的说服意味，那么广告就会如此地乏味以至于没有人 会关注它。

12.The workers who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for there efforts.[参考译文]得到了升迁的工人们，成绩进步的学生，学会了一门新语言的外国人一 一这些都是那些有可衡量的结果宋显示其努力的人们的例证。

13.As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.[参考译文]随着家庭离开他们原来稳定的社区，离开他们多年的朋友和扩展的家庭关系，非正式的信息流动被切断了，随之而去的是对在需要时能获得可靠和值得信赖的信息的信心。

14.The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time--consuming, and sometimes even overwhelming.[参考译文]现在每个人能够得到的信息比任何时代的人都多，而找到与他／她的特定问题相关的那一点信息的任务不仅复杂、耗时，有时甚至令人难以招。

15.Expertise can be shared world wide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site.[参考译文]通过远程会议，专家知识可以在全世界范围内被分享，而争论的问题能够得到解决，同时相关人员也不必离开他们的家庭或工作跑到一个遥远的开会地点。

16.The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B type fellows.[参考译文]现在这种让孩子们和其同学或时间竞争的热情导致了一个双层结构，在这个结构里面善于竞争的A类好像在某个方面要比他们B类的同辈更胜一筹。

17.While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.[参考译文]在跟你谈话的时候，可能成为你的雇主的人就一直在衡量你的教育、经 验和其他资格是不是值得他雇用你，而你的“商品”和能力一定要以一种有条不紊而且合情合理的相

互关联的方式被展示出来。

18.The Corporation will survive as a publicly funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programs are now the subject of a nation wide debate in Britain.[参考译文]英国广播公司将作为一个公共基金支持的广播组织存在下来，至少目前会这样，但是它的角色、它的规模和它的节目现在在英国成了全国上下的讨论话题。

19.The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC--including ordinary listeners and viewer to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping.[参考译文]这场辩论是由政府发动的，政府请任何一个对英国广播公司有意见的人一包括普通的听众和观众一来说说这个公司好在哪里或坏在哪里，甚至要说说他们是否认为这个公司值得被保留下来。

20.The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large profess signal element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.[参考译文]这种变化通过引入许多的专业因素从而适应了这个新时代的技术要求，并且它(这种变化)防止了效率的降低。这种效率的降低在精力充沛的创业者之后的第二代和第三代人(领导公司)的时候，经常会毁掉那些家族公司的财富。

21.Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners: and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.[参考译文]这样巨大而非个人的对资金和产业的操纵极大地增加了股东的数量和他 们作为一个阶级的重要性，这是国家生活中代表不负责任的财富的一个因素，这种财富不但远离了土地和土地拥有者的责任，而且几乎同样与公司的负责任的管理毫无关系。

22.Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management.[参考译文]像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本这样的城镇的涌现是为了给那些数量很多的“舒 适”阶级提供居住场所。这些人依赖于其丰厚收入而不工作，他们除了 分红和偶尔参加一下股东大会，向管理层口授一下自己的命令之外，跟社会的其他阶层毫无瓜葛。

23.The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.[参考译文]这样的“股东”对他拥有股份的公司所雇用的工人们的生活、思想和需求一无所知，而且他们对劳资双方的关系都不会产生积极的影响。

24.The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.[参考译文]代表公司的花钱雇来的经理与工人及其需求的关系更加直接，但是就连 他对工人们也没有那种熟识的私人之间的了解。而在现在正在消失的古老家族公司的那种更加家长式的制度下的雇主们却常常对他们的工人有 这样的私人关系。

25.Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country's excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology； the practice of giving premiums to inventors;and above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological.[参考译文]在许多形成因素当中，我将挑选出这些：这个国家优秀的小学教育：欢 迎新技术的劳动者们：奖励发明者的做法；而且最重要的是美国人在对 那些技术性事物的非言语的、“空间性的”思考方面的天赋。

26.As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, “A technologist thinks about objects that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process...The designer and the inventor.., are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist”.[参考译文]正如尤金•弗格森所指出的那样：“一个技术专家思考那些不能被简化成 能被清楚的语言描述的东西。这些东西在他的思维中是通过一种视觉的、非语言表述的过程宋处理的……设计者和发明者……能够在他们的脑中装配并操作那些还不存在的装置。”

27.Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheel, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea”.[参考译文]罗伯特•法欧特曾经这样写到：“一个技师会坐在杠杆、螺丝钉、楔子、轮子等等当中，就像一个诗人沉浸在字母表的字母中，把这些字母看成自己思想的展示，在这样的展示中，每种新的次序安排都传达了--种新 的思想。”

28.In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating.He describes their programs and, tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise.[参考译文]在最后三章中，他脱下手套，将神造论者好好地揍了一顿。他描述了他 们的活动和战术，而且，对于那些对神造论者的做事方式刁；熟悉的人来说，神造论者的欺骗和扭曲事实的程度可能会令这些人有一种不快的诧异。

29.On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: “This book stands for reason itself.” And so it does-and all wound be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.[参考译文]在这本杰出的书的外纸封面上，史蒂芬•杰伊•古尔德写道：“这本书本 身就代表理性。”而它确实是这样的--而且如果理性成为神造论／地化论之间的辩论中的惟一评判标准的话，一切就都好办了。

30.After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.[参考译文]经过了六个月的争论以及最后16个小时激烈的议会辩论，澳大利亚北 部地区成了世界上第一个允许医生终止希望死去的绝症病人生命的立法当局。

31.Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage.But the tide is unlikely to turn back.[参考译文]一些机构终于松了一口气，但是其他一些机构，包括教堂，倡导生命之 权的团体和澳大利亚医学协会，尖锐地抨击这个法案，指责法案的通过过于匆忙。但是大势已定，不可逆转。

32.In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community

attitudes have all played their partother states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.[参考译文]在澳大利亚--人口老龄化，延长寿命的技术和变化看的社会态度，这 些因素都在发挥作用一一其他的州也会考虑制定相似的关于安乐死的法律。

第四篇：2018年考研英语长难句翻译方法指导

凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！

2018年考研英语长难句翻译方法指导

英汉词句组成和排列的顺序千差万别，因此英译汉时作些调整，颠倒一下顺序，则是一种极为常见的翻译技巧，这种翻译技巧共分五种类型。

1、复合句翻译技巧

复合句翻译可分为部分翻译和完全翻译两种技巧。

This university has newly established faculties, namely Electronic Computer, High Energy Physics, Laser, Geo-physics, Remote Sensing, and Genetic Engineering.这所大学现在有电子计算机、高能物理、激光、地球、物理、遥感技术、遗传工程等六个新建的专业。（部分翻译）

Many laws of nature actually exist in nature though they have not yet been discovered.虽然许多自然规律还没被发现，但是它们确实在自然界中存在。（完全翻译）

2、被动句翻译的技巧

被动句翻译时，有时可将被动句翻译成主动句，有时可将状语翻译成主语。

The structure of an atom can be accurately described though we cannot see it.虽然我们看不见原子结构，但能准确地描述它。（被动句翻译成主动句）

Table tennis is played all over China.中国到处都打乒乓球。（状语翻译成主语）

3、以否定型副词或条件副词开头的句子的部分翻译技巧

能引起这种翻译的副词有no, never, hardly, no longer, in no way, not until, not even, only 等。

Never before have I read such an interesting book.我从来没有读过这样有趣的书。

4、带有介词短语句子的部分翻译技巧

These data will be of some value in our research work.这些资料对于我们的研究工作有些价值。

5、习语的翻译技巧

习语的翻译可分为按照汉语的固定顺序翻译和从轻重上加以区分进行翻译以及逆时间顺序进行翻译三种技巧。

For its last 600 miles the Yellow River flows eastwards through the flat, fertile, North China Plain, which is densely populated.黄河最后的六百英里，向东流过平坦肥沃、人口密集的华北平原。（按照汉语的固定顺序翻译）

Heal the wounded, rescue the dying, practice revolutionary humanitarianism.救死扶伤，实行革命的人道主义。（以轻重上区分进行翻译）

We have to be quick of eye and deft of hand.我们必须眼疾手快。（逆时间顺序翻译）

句子成分转译作为翻译的一种技巧，其内容和形式都比较丰富，运用范围也相当广泛，共包括五个方面的内容。

1、主语转译技巧：可以将句子的主语转译成汉语中的定语、宾语、状语等。

The wings are responsible for keeping the plane in the air.机翼的用途是使飞机在空中保持不坠。（转译成定语）

To get all the stages off the ground, a first big push is needed.为了使火箭各级全部离开地面，需要有一个巨大的

凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！

Machinery has made the products of manufactories very much cheaper than formerly.因为机械的缘故，工厂里出的产品比起以前来，价格便宜多了。（转译成状语）

2、谓语转译技巧：可以将谓语转译成定语。

Radar works in very much the same way as the flashlight.雷达的工作原理和手电筒极为相同。

3、宾语转译技巧：可以将宾语转译成主语。

Automatic lathes perform basically similar functions but appear in a variety of forms.各种自动车床的作用基本相同，但形式不同

4、定语转译技巧：定语可以转译成谓语和状语。

Neutron has a mass slightly larger than that of proton.中子的质量略大于质子的质量。（转译成谓语）

Scientists in that county are now supplied with necessary books, equipment and assistant, that will ensure success in their scientific research.现在已给该县科学家提供了必要的图书、仪器和助手，以保证科研工作的成功。（转译成状语）

5、状语转译技巧：状语转译一般指的是状语从句的转译。它可分作把时间状语从句转译成条件状语从句，把地点状语从句转译成条件状语从句和把原因状语从句转译成因果偏正复句中的主语等三种形式。

These three colors, red, green, and violet, when combined, produced white.红色、绿色和紫色这三种颜色如果合在一起就变成白色。（时间状语从句转译成条件状语从句）

Where there is nothing in the path of beam of light, nothing is seen.如果光束通道上没有东西，就什么也看不到。（地点状语从句转译成条件状语从句）

Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.他深信这件事正确可靠，因此坚持已见。（原因状语从句转译成因果偏正复合句中的主句）

重复技巧是英译汉中的一种必不可少的翻译技巧。由于英译汉时往往需要重复原文中的某些词才能使译文表达明确具体；又由于英汉语言结构不同，重复的手段和作用也往往不尽相同，大致可分为三种。

1、为了明确

I had experienced oxygen and /or engine trouble.我曾碰到过，不是氧气设备了故障，就是引擎出故障，或两者都出故障（重复名词）

Under ordinary conditions of pressure, water becomes ice at C and steam at 100C.在常压下，水在摄氏零度时变成冰，在摄氏一百度时变成蒸汽。（重复动词）

A locality has its own over-all interest, a nation has another and the earth gets another.一个地方有一个地方的全局，一个国家有一个国家的全局，一个地球有一个地球的全局（重复谓语部分）

2、为了强调

He wandered along the street, thinking and thinking, brooding and brooding.他在街头游来荡去，想了又想，盘算了又盘算。

3、为了生动

While stars and nebulae look like specks or small patches of light, they are really enormous

凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！

bodies.星星和星云看起来只是斑点，或者是小片的光，但它们确实是巨大的天体。

英译汉时，由于两种语言的句子结构大不相同而往往需要改变一下句子结构以适应于汉语的表达习惯。采用分句、合句进行翻译的作法正是为了达到这种目的而运用的一种重要技巧。所谓分句，就是指把原文的一个简单句译成两个或两个以上的句子；所谓合名，就是指把原文的两个或两个以上的简单句或一个复合句译成一个简单句。运用这种分句、合句的汉译技巧可以使译文层次分明，更合乎于汉语的表达习惯。分句翻译的技巧共分五种类型，合句汉译的技巧共分三种类型。先谈谈分句汉译技巧的五种类型。

1、主语分句汉译技巧。

A man spending twelve days on the moon would find, on returning to the earth, that a year had passed by already.一个人如果在月亮上度过了十二天，回到地球以后就会发现一年已经过去了。

2、谓语分句汉译技巧。

It goes without saying that oxygen is the most active element in the atmosphere.不言而喻，氧气是大气中最活泼的元素。

3、定语分句汉译技巧

He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that weighed up to two pounds each.他居然种出了二百个奇迹般的西红柿，每个重达两磅。

4、状语分句汉译技巧

Sunrays filtered in wherever they could, driving out darkness and choking the shadows.阳光射入了它所能透过的地方，赶走了黑暗，驱散了幽影。

5、同位语分句汉译技巧。

Mary normally a timid girl, argued heated with them about it.玛丽平常是个腼腆的姑娘，现在也热烈地和他们辩论起来。

第五篇：考研英语典型长难句及解析之二

考研英语典型长难句及解析之二

The English Original: There were mists over the river and clouds on the mountain and the trucks splashed mud on the roads and the troops were muddy and wet in their capes;their rifles were wet and under their capes the two leather cartridge-boxes on the front of the belts, grey leather boxes heavy with the packs of clips of thin, long 6.5 mm cartridges, buldged forward under the capes so that the men, passing on the road, marched as though they were six months gone with child.译文一：

河上罩雾，山间盘云，卡车在路上溅泥浆，士兵披肩淋湿，身上尽是烂泥；他们的来福枪也是湿的，每人身前的皮带上挂有两个灰皮子弹盒，里面满装着一排排又长又窄的六点五毫米口径的子弹，在披肩下高高哦突出，当他们在路上走过时，乍一看，好像是些怀孕六月的妇人。

译文二：

河上升起了雾，山上飘着云，载重卡车在大路上泥浆飞溅，士兵们满身是泥，他们在斗篷里湿漉漉的；他们的步枪也是湿的。在他们的斗篷下，两个皮制的子弹盒挂在他们腰带前面，灰色的皮盒沉甸甸的，里面尽是一排排装着细长的6.5毫米子弹的子弹夹，在斗篷下面鼓了起来，士兵们经过大路向前行进，就像怀了六个月身孕似的。

The English Original:

The mountain that was beyond the valley and the hillside where the chestnut forest grew was captured and there were victories beyond the plain on the plateau to the south and we crossed the river in August and lived in a house in Gorizia that had a fountain and many thick shady trees in a walled garden and a wistaria vine purple on the side of the house.译文一：

山谷后面那座高山和那个有栗树林的山坡，已经给拿了下来，而南边平原外的高原上也打了胜仗，于是我们八月渡河，驻扎在哥里察一幢房子里。这房屋有喷水池，有个砌有围墙的花园，园中栽种了好多繁盛多荫的树木，屋子旁边还有一棵紫藤，一片紫色。译文二：

占领了峡谷那边的那座山和栽着栗树林子的那个山坡，在平原那边在南面的平原上也打了胜仗，于是八月里我们过了河，住在戈里齐亚的一所房子里，在四面围墙的花园里有一个喷泉和许多茂密阴翳的树木，房子的一边爬着紫藤，花开得紫英英的。

The English Original:

I practiced with it(pistol), holding below the target and trying to master the jerk of the ridiculous short barrel until I could hit within a yard of where I aimed at twenty paces and then the ridiculousness of carrying a pistol at all came over me and I soon forgot it and carried it flopping against the small of my back with no feeling at all except a vague sort of shame when I met English-speaking people.译文一：

我练习了一个时期，尽量往靶子的下边打，想尽方法克服短枪筒那种滑稽的颤跳，到了后来，终于能够在二十步外打中离靶子一码远的地方了，后来我常常感到佩带手枪的荒唐滑稽，但不久也就忘记了它，随便吊在腰背上，一点感觉都没有，除非是偶尔碰到讲英语的人，才多少感到有点儿不好意思。译文二：

我用它练习打枪，把枪举到靶子以下，竭力控制那可笑的短枪筒的震摇，直到我在二十步的距离瞄准而能命中一码以内的目标，这才清除了佩带一支手枪的那份荒唐可笑的心情。我很快忘记了它，我带着它在我的腰背后磕碰着却没有一丝感觉，除非碰到一个讲英语的人才微微感到有点害臊。The English Original:

Maybe she would pretend that I was her boy that was killed and we would go in the front door and the porter would take off his cap and I would stop at the concierge’s desk and ask for the key and she would stand by the elevator and then we would get in the elevator and it would go up very slowly clicking at all the floors and then our floor and the boy would open the door and stand there and she would step out and I would step out and we would walk down the hall and I would put the key in the door and open it and go in and then take down the telephone and ask them to send a bottle of Capri bianca in a silver bucket full of ice and you would hear the ice against the pail coming down the corridor and the boy would knock and I would say leave it outside the door please.译文一： 也许她会把我当做哪个阵亡的爱人，我们于是一同走进旅馆的前门，看门人连忙摘帽，我找掌柜的拿钥匙，她则站在电梯边等，随后我们一同走进电梯，电梯开得很慢，的的嗒嗒地过了一层又一层，到了我们那一层时，小郎打开门，站在一边，她走出去，我走出去，一同顺着走廊走，我拿钥匙去开门，门开了，我们进去，拿下电话机，吩咐他们送一瓶装在放满冰块的银桶子里的卡普里白葡萄酒来，你听得见走廊上有冰块碰着提桶的响声，小郎敲敲门，我就说请放在门外。译文二：

她也许会装着我是她那个阵亡的男朋友。我们从正门进去，侍者会向我们脱帽致礼，我会在服务台前停下，向服务台女职员要房间钥匙，她会侍立在电梯房，接着我们会走进电梯，电梯升得很慢经过每一层都咔嗒一声响，接着便到了我们那一层。侍役打开电梯门站在那儿，她会走出电梯，我随着走出电梯，我们就沿着过道走去。我把钥匙插进房门打开房门走进去，接着便拿起电话要他们送一瓶卡普里白葡萄酒来，要装在放满了冰的银制的冰桶里，你会听到冰块碰着桶子的声音从走廊里传来，侍者会敲门，我会说请搁在门外就行了。The English Original:

I was always embarrassed by the words sacred, glorious, and sacrifice and the expression in vain.We had heard them, sometimes standing in the rain almost out of earshot, so that only the shouted words came through, and had read them, on proclamations that were slapped up by billposters over other proclamations, now for a long time, and I had seen nothing sacred, and the things that were glorious had no glory and the sacrifices were like the stockyards at Chicago if nothing was done with the meat except to bury it.译文一：

我每逢听到神圣、光荣、牺牲等字眼和徒劳这一说法，总觉得局促不安。这些字眼我们早已听过，有时还是站在雨中听，站在听觉达不到的地方听，只听到一些大声喊出来的字眼；况且，我们也读过这些字眼，从人们贴在层层旧公告上的新 上读到过。但是到了现在，我观察了好久，可没看到什么神圣的事，而那些所谓光荣的事，并没有什么光荣，而所谓牺牲，那就像芝加哥的屠场，只不过这里屠宰好的肉不是装进罐头，而是掩埋掉罢了。译文二：

神圣的、光荣的和牺牲等等这些字眼，以及徒劳无益的豪言壮语常常使我困惑。我们听到过这些字眼，有时站在雨中，在耳朵几乎听不见的地方，以致传来的只是那些大声喊叫出来的字眼，我们也曾在张贴布告的人漫不经心地一张叠一张地张贴的公告上读到过这些字眼。如今经过一段很长的时间，我没有见到过任何神圣的东西，光荣的东西并不光荣，牺牲像芝加哥屠宰场的牲畜围场，要是肉无法处理只有把它埋掉了事。

The English Original:

That night at the hotel, in our room with the long empty hall outside and our shoes outside the door, a thick carpet on the floor of the room, outside the windows the rain falling and in the room light and pleasant and cheerful, then the light out and it exciting with smooth sheets and the bed comfortable, feeling that we had come home, feeling no longer alone, waking in the night to find the other one there, and not gone away;all other things were unreal.译文一：

那天夜晚在旅馆里，房间外边是一条又长又空的走廊，门外边放着我们的鞋子，房间里铺着厚厚的地毯，窗外下着雨，房间里则灯光明亮，快乐愉快，后来灯灭了，床单平滑，床铺舒服，一片兴奋，那时的心情，好比我们回了家，不再感觉孤独，夜间醒来，爱人仍在，并没有发觉梦醒人去；除了这以外，一切事物都是不真实的。

译文二：

那天晚上在旅馆，我们的房间外面是长长的空寂无人的过道，我们把鞋子放在门外，房间的地板上铺着一层厚厚的地毯，窗外雨下个不停，房间里明亮，舒适，欢快，随着灯光熄灭，光滑的床罩，舒适的床榻，使人心情激动，感到我们已经回到了家里，感到我们已不再孤单，半夜醒来发现另一个人仍在身边没有离去；其他一切都已变得虚幻。

译文三：

那晚的旅馆，那空荡荡的走廊，那放在门外的鞋子，那厚厚的地毯，那窗外的落雨，那开灯时的欢欣和喜悦，那熄灯后体味滑滑的单子和舒适床铺的那种兴奋，那回家的感觉，那再也没有了的孤单，那夜里醒来发现爱人仍在而没离去的温馨!其他一切的一切都已不复存在了。