第一篇：名人演讲：国会大厦告别演讲
道格拉斯·麦克阿瑟(Douglas MacArthur)，美国陆军五星上将。出生于阿肯色州小石城的军人世家。1899年中学毕业后考入西点军校，1903年以名列第一的优异成绩毕业，到工程兵部队任职，并赴菲律宾执勤。麦克阿瑟有过50年的军事实践经验，被美国国民称之为“一代老兵”，而其自身的又曾是“美国最年轻的准将、西点军校最年轻的校长、美国陆军历史上最年轻的陆军参谋长”，凭借精妙的军事谋略和敢战敢胜的胆略，麦克阿瑟堪称美国战争史上的奇才。
提起这句话：“老兵永远不死，只会慢慢凋零”（Old soldiers never die, they just fade away），就不由得想起那个叼着玉米棒子烟斗的麦克阿瑟，和他在1951年4月19日被解职后在国会大厦发表的题为《老兵不死》著名演讲。
我即将结束五十二年的军旅生涯。我从军是在本世纪开始之前，而这是我童年的希望与梦想的实现。自从我在西点军校的教练场上宣誓以来，这个世界已经过多次变化，而我的希望与梦想早已消逝，但我仍记着当时最流行的一首军歌词，极为自豪地宣示“老兵永远不死，只会慢慢凋零”。
I am closing my 52 years of military service.When I joined the Army, even before the turn of the century, it was the fulfillment of all of my boyish hopes and dreams.The world has turned over many times since I took the oath on the plain at West point, and the hopes and dreams have long since vanished, but I still remember the refrain of one of the most popular barrack ballads of that day which proclaimed most proudly that “old soldiers never die;they just fade away.”
就像这首歌中的老兵，一位想尽一已之责的老兵，而上帝也赐予光辉使他能看清这一项责任，而我现在结束了军旅生涯，而逐渐凋谢。
And like the old soldier of that ballad, I now close my military career and just fade away, an old soldier who tried to do his duty as God gave him the light to see that duty.演讲全文：MacArthur: Farewell Address to Congress
Mr.president, Mr.Speaker, and Distinguished Members of the Congress:
I stand on this rostrum with a sense of deep humility and great pride--humility in the weight of those great American architects of our history who have stood here before me;pride in the reflection that this home of legislative debate represents human liberty in the purest form yet devised.Here are centered the hopes and aspirations and faith of the entire human race.I do not stand here as advocate for any partisan cause, for the issues are fundamental and reach quite beyond the realm of partisan consideration.They must be resolved on the highest plane of national interest if our course is to prove sound and our future protected.I trust, therefore, that you will do me the justice of receiving that which I have to say as solely expressing the considered viewpoint of a fellow American.I address you with neither rancor nor bitterness in the fading twilight of life, with but one purpose in mind: to serve my country.The issues are global and so interlocked that to consider the problems of one sector, oblivious to those of another, is but to court disaster for the whole.While Asia is commonly referred to as the Gateway to Europe, it is no less true that Europe is the Gateway to Asia, and the broad influence of the one cannot fail to have its impact upon the other.There are those who claim our strength is inadequate to protect on both fronts, that we cannot divide our effort.I can think of no greater expression of defeatism.If a potential enemy can divide his strength on two fronts, it is for us to counter his effort.The Communist threat is a global one.Its successful advance in one sector threatens the destruction of every other sector.You can not appease or otherwise surrender to communism in Asia without simultaneously undermining our efforts to halt its advance in Europe.Beyond pointing out these general truisms, I shall confine my discussion to the general areas of Asia.Before one may objectively assess the situation now existing there, he must comprehend something of Asia's past and the revolutionary changes which have marked her course up to the present.Long exploited by the so-called colonial powers, with little opportunity to achieve any degree of social justice, individual dignity, or a higher standard of life such as guided our own noble administration in the philippines, the peoples of Asia found their opportunity in the war just past to throw off the shackles of colonialism and now see the dawn of new opportunity, a heretofore unfelt dignity, and the self-respect of political freedom.Mustering half of the earth's population, and 60 percent of its natural resources these peoples are rapidly consolidating a new force, both moral and material, with which to raise the living standard and erect adaptations of the design of modern progress to their own distinct cultural environments.Whether one adheres to the concept of colonization or not, this is the direction of Asian progress and it may not be stopped.It is a corollary to the shift of the world economic frontiers as the whole epicenter of world affairs rotates back toward the area whence it started.In this situation, it becomes vital that our own country orient its policies in consonance with this basic evolutionary condition rather than pursue a course blind to the reality that the colonial era is now past and the Asian peoples covet the right to shape their own free destiny.What they seek now is friendly guidance, understanding, and support--not imperious direction--the dignity of equality and not the shame of subjugation.Their pre-war standard of life, pitifully low, is infinitely lower now in the devastation left in war's wake.World ideologies play little part in Asian thinking and are little understood.What the peoples strive for is the opportunity for a little more food in their stomachs, a little better clothing on their backs, a little firmer roof over their heads, and the realization of the normal nationalist urge for political freedom.These political-social conditions have but an indirect bearing upon our own national security, but do form a backdrop to contemporary planning which must be thoughtfully considered if we are to avoid the pitfalls of unrealism.Of more direct and immediately bearing upon our national security are the changes wrought in the strategic potential of the pacific Ocean in the course of the past war.prior thereto the western strategic frontier of the United States lay on the literal line of the Americas, with an exposed island salient extending out through Hawaii, Midway, and Guam to the philippines.That salient proved not an outpost of strength but an avenue of weakness along which the enemy could and did attack.The pacific was a potential area of advance for any predatory force intent upon striking at the bordering land areas.All this was changed by our pacific victory.Our strategic frontier then shifted to embrace the entire pacific Ocean, which became a vast moat to protect us as long as we held it.Indeed, it acts as a protective shield for all of the Americas and all free lands of the pacific Ocean area.We control it to the shores of Asia by a chain of islands extending in an arc from the Aleutians to the Mariannas held by us and our free allies.From this island chain we can dominate with sea and air power every Asiatic port from Vladivostok to Singapore--with sea and air power every port, as I said, from Vladivostok to Singapore--and prevent any hostile movement into the pacific.Any predatory attack from Asia must be an amphibious effort.* No amphibious force can be successful without control of the sea lanes and the air over those lanes in its avenue of advance.With naval and air supremacy and modest ground elements to defend bases, any major attack from continental Asia toward us or our friends in the pacific would be doomed to failure.Under such conditions, the pacific no longer represents menacing avenues of approach for a prospective invader.It assumes, instead, the friendly aspect of a peaceful lake.Our line of defense is a natural one and can be maintained with a minimum of military effort and expense.It envisions no attack against anyone, nor does it provide the bastions essential for offensive operations, but properly maintained, would be an invincible defense against aggression.The holding of this literal defense line in the western pacific is entirely dependent upon holding all segments thereof;for any major breach of that line by an unfriendly power would render vulnerable to determined attack every other major segment.This is a military estimate as to which I have yet to find a military leader who will take exception.For that reason, I have strongly recommended in the past, as a matter of military urgency, that under no circumstances must Formosa fall under Communist control.Such an eventuality would at once threaten the freedom of the philippines and the loss of Japan and might well force our western frontier back to the coast of California, Oregon and Washington.To understand the changes which now appear upon the Chinese mainland, one must understand the changes in Chinese character and culture over the past 50 years.China, up to 50 years ago, was completely non-homogenous, being compartmented into groups divided against each other.The war-making tendency was almost non-existent, as they still followed the tenets of the Confucian ideal of pacifist culture.At the turn of the century, under the regime of Chang Tso Lin, efforts toward greater homogeneity produced the start of a nationalist urge.This was further and more successfully developed under the leadership of Chiang Kai-Shek, but has been brought to its greatest fruition under the present regime to the point that it has now taken on the character of a united nationalism of increasingly dominant, aggressive tendencies.Through these past 50 years the Chinese people have thus become militarized in their concepts and in their ideals.They now constitute excellent soldiers, with competent staffs and commanders.This has produced a new and dominant power in Asia, which, for its own purposes, is allied with Soviet Russia but which in its own concepts and methods has become aggressively imperialistic, with a lust for expansion and increased power normal to this type of imperialism.There is little of the ideological concept either one way or another in the Chinese make-up.The standard of living is so low and the capital accumulation has been so thoroughly dissipated by war that the masses are desperate and eager to follow any leadership which seems to promise the alleviation of local stringencies.I have from the beginning believed that the Chinese Communists' support of the North Koreans was the dominant one.Their interests are, at present, parallel with those of the Soviet.But I believe that the aggressiveness recently displayed not only in Korea but also in Indo-China and Tibet and pointing potentially toward the South reflects predominantly the same lust for the expansion of power which has animated every would-be conqueror since the beginning of time.The Japanese people, since the war, have undergone the greatest reformation recorded in modern history.With a commendable will, eagerness to learn, and marked capacity to understand, they have, from the ashes left in war's wake, erected in Japan an edifice dedicated to the supremacy of individual liberty and personal dignity;and in the ensuing process there has been created a truly representative government committed to the advance of political morality, freedom of economic enterprise, and social justice.politically, economically, and socially Japan is now abreast of many free nations of the earth and will not again fail the universal trust.That it may be counted upon to wield a profoundly beneficial influence over the course of events in Asia is attested by the magnificent manner in which the Japanese people have met the recent challenge of war, unrest, and confusion surrounding them from the outside and checked communism within their own frontiers without the slightest slackening in their forward progress.I sent all four of our occupation divisions to the Korean battlefront without the slightest qualms as to the effect of the resulting power vacuum upon Japan.The results fully justified my faith.I know of no nation more serene, orderly, and industrious, nor in which higher hopes can be entertained for future constructive service in the advance of the human race.Of our former ward, the philippines, we can look forward in confidence that the existing unrest will be corrected and a strong and healthy nation will grow in the longer aftermath of war's terrible destructiveness.We must be patient and understanding and never fail them--as in our hour of need, they did not fail us.A Christian nation, the philippines stand as a mighty bulwark of Christianity in the Far East, and its capacity for high moral leadership in Asia is unlimited.On Formosa, the government of the Republic of China has had the opportunity to refute by action much of the malicious gossip which so undermined the strength of its leadership on the Chinese mainland.The Formosan people are receiving a just and enlightened administration with majority representation on the organs of government, and politically, economically, and socially they appear to be advancing along sound and constructive lines.With this brief insight into the surrounding areas, I now turn to the Korean conflict.While I was not consulted prior to the president's decision to intervene in support of the Republic of Korea, that decision from a military standpoint, proved a sound one, as we hurled back the invader and decimated his forces.Our victory was complete, and our objectives within reach, when Red China intervened with numerically superior ground forces.This created a new war and an entirely new situation, a situation not contemplated when our forces were committed against the North Korean invaders;a situation which called for new decisions in the diplomatic sphere to permit the realistic adjustment of military strategy.Such decisions have not been forthcoming.While no man in his right mind would advocate sending our ground forces into continental China, and such was never given a thought, the new situation did urgently demand a drastic revision of strategic planning if our political aim was to defeat this new enemy as we had defeated the old.Apart from the military need, as I saw It, to neutralize the sanctuary protection given the enemy north of the Yalu, I felt that military necessity in the conduct of the war made necessary: first the intensification of our economic blockade against China;two the imposition of a naval blockade against the China coast;three removal of restrictions on air reconnaissance of China's coastal areas and of Manchuria;four removal of restrictions on the forces of the Republic of China on Formosa, with logistical support to contribute to their effective operations against the common enemy.For entertaining these views, all professionally designed to support our forces committed to Korea and bring hostilities to an end with the least possible delay and at a saving of countless American and allied lives, I have been severely criticized in lay circles, principally abroad, despite my understanding that from a military standpoint the above views have been fully shared in the past by practically every military leader concerned with the Korean campaign, including our own Joint Chiefs of Staff.I called for reinforcements but was informed that reinforcements were not available.I made clear that if not permitted to destroy the enemy built-up bases north of the Yalu, if not permitted to utilize the friendly Chinese Force of some 600,000 men on Formosa, if not permitted to blockade the China coast to prevent the Chinese Reds from getting succor from without, and if there were to be no hope of major reinforcements, the position of the command from the military standpoint forbade victory.We could hold in Korea by constant maneuver and in an approximate area where our supply line advantages were in balance with the supply line disadvantages of the enemy, but we could hope at best for only an indecisive campaign with its terrible and constant attrition upon our forces if the enemy utilized its full military potential.I have constantly called for the new political decisions essential to a solution.Efforts have been made to distort my position.It has been said, in effect, that I was a warmonger.Nothing could be further from the truth.I know war as few other men now living know it, and nothing to me is more revolting.I have long advocated its complete abolition, as its very destructiveness on both friend and foe has rendered it useless as a means of settling international disputes.Indeed, on the second day of September, nineteen hundred and forty-five, just following the surrender of the Japanese nation on the Battleship Missouri, I formally cautioned as follows:
“Men since the beginning of time have
sought peace.Various methods through the
ages have been attempted to devise an
international process to prevent or settle
disputes between nations.From the very
start workable methods were found in so
far as individual citizens were concerned,but the mechanics of an instrumentality of
larger international scope have never
been successful.Military alliances,balances of power, Leagues of Nations,all in turn failed, leaving the only path to
be by way of the crucible of war.The
utter destructiveness of war now blocks
out this alternative.We have had our last
chance.If we will not devise some
greater and more equitable system,Armageddon will be at our door.The
problem basically is theological and
involves a spiritual recrudescence and
improvement of human character that will
synchronize with our almost matchless
advances in science, art, literature, and all
material and cultural developments of
the past 2000 years.It must be of the spirit
if we are to save the flesh.”
But once war is forced upon us, there is no other alternative than to apply every available means to bring it to a swift end.War's very object is victory, not prolonged indecision.In war there is no substitute for victory.There are some who, for varying reasons, would appease Red China.They are blind to history's clear lesson, for history teaches with unmistakable emphasis that appeasement but begets new and bloodier war.It points to no single instance where this end has justified that means, where appeasement has led to more than a sham peace.Like blackmail, it lays the basis for new and successively greater demands until, as in blackmail, violence becomes the only other alternative.“Why,” my soldiers asked of me, “surrender military advantages to an enemy in the field?” I could not answer.Some may say: to avoid spread of the conflict into an all-out war with China;others, to avoid Soviet intervention.Neither explanation seems valid, for China is already engaging with the maximum power it can commit, and the Soviet will not necessarily mesh its actions with our moves.Like a cobra, any new enemy will more likely strike whenever it feels that the relativity in military or other potential is in its favor on a world-wide basis.The tragedy of Korea is further heightened by the fact that its military action is confined to its territorial limits.It condemns that nation, which it is our purpose to save, to suffer the devastating impact of full naval and air bombardment while the enemy's sanctuaries are fully protected from such attack and devastation.Of the nations of the world, Korea alone, up to now, is the sole one which has risked its all against communism.The magnificence of the courage and fortitude of the Korean people defies description.They have chosen to risk death rather than slavery.Their last words to me were: “Don't scuttle the pacific!”
I have just left your fighting sons in Korea.They have met all tests there, and I can report to you without reservation that they are splendid in every way.It was my constant effort to preserve them and end this savage conflict honorably and with the least loss of time and a minimum sacrifice of life.Its growing bloodshed has caused me the deepest anguish and anxiety.Those gallant men will remain often in my thoughts and in my prayers always.I am closing my 52 years of military service.When I joined the Army, even before the turn of the century, it was the fulfillment of all of my boyish hopes and dreams.The world has turned over many times since I took the oath on the plain at West point, and the hopes and dreams have long since vanished, but I still remember the refrain of one of the most popular barrack ballads of that day which proclaimed most proudly that “old soldiers never die;they just fade away.”
And like the old soldier of that ballad, I now close my military career and just fade away, an old soldier who tried to do his duty as God gave him the light to see that duty.Good Bye.
第二篇：名人演讲：国会珍珠港演说
美国第32任总统富兰克林·D·罗斯福(Franklin D.Roosevelt)(1933—1945)，一直被视为美国历史上最伟大的总统之一，是20世纪美国最孚众望和受爱戴的总统，也是美国历史上惟一连任4届总统的人，从1933年3月起，直到1945年4月去世时为止，任职长达12年。曾赢得美国民众长达7周的高支持率，创下历史记录。
富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福出生于纽约。父亲詹姆斯·罗斯福是一个百万富翁。母亲萨拉·德拉诺比父亲小26岁。罗斯福曾就读于哈佛大学和哥伦比亚大学。1910年任纽约州参议员。1913年任海军部副部长。1921年因患脊髓灰质炎致残。1928年任纽约州长。1932年竞选总统获胜。执政后，以“新政”对付经济危机，颇有成效，故获得1936年、1940年、1944年大选连任。第二次世界大战初，美国采取不介入政策，但对希特勒采取强硬手段，以“租借法”支持同盟国。1941年底，美国参战。罗斯福代表美国两次参加同盟国“三巨头”会议。罗斯福政府提出了轴心国必须无条件投降的原则并得到了实施。罗斯福提出了建立联合国的构想，也得到了实施。63岁时由于脑溢血去世。
很多网友相信都看过电影《珍珠港》(pearl Harbor)，第二次世界大战在欧亚大陆打的如火如荼，而跨海相隔的美国却隔岸观火，仿佛事不关己。直到1941年12月7日早晨7点53分，日本突袭美军在夏威夷的基地珍珠港。次日，美国总统罗斯福在国会愤然发表了这篇的演说，至此，太平洋战争全面爆发。
Yesterday, December 7th, 1941--a date which will live in infamy--the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.昨天，1941年12月7日──它将永远成为国耻日──美利坚合众国遭到了日本帝国海空军预谋的突然袭击。
Yesterday, the Japanese government also launched an attack against Malaya.Last night, Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.Last night, Japanese forces attacked Guam.Last night, Japanese forces attacked the philippine Islands.Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island.And this morning, the Japanese attacked Midway Island.昨天日本政府也发动了对马来地区的进攻。
昨夜日本军队进攻了香港。
昨夜日本军队进攻关岛。
昨夜日本军队进攻菲律宾群岛。
昨夜日本军队进攻威克岛。
今晨日本军队进攻了中途岛。
演讲全文：pearl Harbor Address to the Nation
Mr.Vice president, Mr.Speaker, Members of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives:
Yesterday, December 7th, 1941--a date which will live in infamy--the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the pacific.Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in the American island of Oahu, the Japanese ambassador to the United States and his colleague delivered to our Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message.And while this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or of armed attack.It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago.During the intervening time, the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces.I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost.In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.
Yesterday, the Japanese government also launched an attack against Malaya.Last night, Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.Last night, Japanese forces attacked Guam.Last night, Japanese forces attacked the philippine Islands.Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island.And this morning, the Japanese attacked Midway Island.Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the pacific area.The facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves.The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.As commander in chief of the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense.But always will our whole nation remember the character of the onslaught against us.No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory.I believe that I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make it very certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us.Hostilities exist.There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory, and our interests are in grave danger.With confidence in our armed forces, with the unbounding determination of our people, we will gain the inevitable triumph--so help us God.I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, December 7th, 1941, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese empire.
第三篇：名人演讲：国会珍珠港演说
美国第32任总统富兰克林·d·罗斯福(franklin
d.roosevelt)(1933—1945)，一直被视为美国历史上最伟大的总统之一，是20世纪美国最孚众望和受爱戴的总统，也是美国历史上惟一连任4届总统的人，从1933年3月起，直到1945年4月去世时为止，任职长达12年。曾赢得美国民众长达7周的高支持率，创下历史记录。
yesterday,december
7th,1941
--
a
date
which
will
live
in
infamy
--
the
united
states
of
america
was
suddenly
and
deliberately
attacked
by
naval
and
air
forces
of
the
empire
of
japan.yesterday,the
japanese
government
also
launched
an
attack
against
malaya.last
night,japanese
forces
attacked
hong
kong.last
night,japanese
forces
attacked
guam.last
night,japanese
forces
attacked
the
philippine
islands.last
night,the
japanese
attacked
wake
island.and
this
morning,the
japanese
attacked
midway
island.昨天日本政府也发动了对马来地区的进攻。
昨夜日本军队进攻了香港。
昨夜日本军队进攻关岛。
昨夜日本军队进攻菲律宾群岛。
昨夜日本军队进攻威克岛。
今晨日本军队进攻了中途岛。
演讲全文：pearl
harbor
address
to
the
nation
mr.vice
president,mr.speaker,members
of
the
senate,and
of
the
house
of
representatives:
yesterday,december
7th,1941
--
a
date
which
will
live
in
infamy
--
the
united
states
of
america
was
suddenly
and
deliberately
attacked
by
naval
and
air
forces
of
the
empire
of
japan.the
united
states
was
at
peace
with
that
nation
and,at
the
solicitation
of
japan,was
still
in
conversation
with
its
government
and
its
emperor
looking
toward
the
maintenance
of
peace
in
the
pacific.indeed,one
hour
after
japanese
air
squadrons
had
commenced
bombing
in
the
american
island
of
oahu,the
japanese
ambassador
to
the
united
states
and
his
colleague
delivered
to
our
secretary
of
state
a
formal
reply
to
a
recent
american
message.and
while
this
reply
stated
that
it
seemed
useless
to
continue
the
existing
diplomatic
negotiations,it
contained
no
threat
or
hint
of
war
or
of
armed
attack.it
will
be
recorded
that
the
distance
of
hawaii
from
japan
makes
it
obvious
that
the
attack
was
deliberately
planned
many
days
or
even
weeks
ago.during
the
intervening
time,the
japanese
government
has
deliberately
sought
to
deceive
the
united
states
by
false
statements
and
expressions
of
hope
for
continued
peace.the
attack
yesterday
on
the
hawaiian
islands
has
caused
severe
damage
to
american
naval
and
military
forces.i
regret
to
tell
you
that
very
many
american
lives
have
been
lost.in
addition,american
ships
have
been
reported
torpedoed
on
the
high
seas
between
san
francisco
and
honolulu.yesterday,the
japanese
government
also
launched
an
attack
against
malaya.last
night,japanese
forces
attacked
hong
kong.last
night,japanese
forces
attacked
guam.last
night,japanese
forces
attacked
the
philippine
islands.last
night,the
japanese
attacked
wake
island.and
this
morning,the
japanese
attacked
midway
island.japan
has,therefore,undertaken
a
surprise
offensive
extending
throughout
the
pacific
area.the
facts
of
yesterday
and
today
speak
for
themselves.the
people
of
the
united
states
have
already
formed
their
opinions
and
well
understand
the
implications
to
the
very
life
and
safety
of
our
nation.as
commander
in
chief
of
the
army
and
navy,i
have
directed
that
all
measures
be
taken
for
our
defense.but
always
will
our
whole
nation
remember
the
character
of
the
onslaught
against
us.no
matter
how
long
it
may
take
us
to
overcome
this
premeditated
invasion,the
american
people
in
their
righteous
might
will
win
through
to
absolute
victory.i
believe
that
i
interpret
the
will
of
the
congress
and
of
the
people
when
i
assert
that
we
will
not
only
defend
ourselves
to
the
uttermost,but
will
make
it
very
certain
that
this
form
of
treachery
shall
never
again
endanger
us.hostilities
exist.there
is
no
blinking
at
the
fact
that
our
people,our
territory,and
our
interests
are
in
grave
danger.with
confidence
in
our
armed
forces,with
the
unbounding
determination
of
our
people,we
will
gain
the
inevitable
triumph
--
so
help
us
god.i
ask
that
the
congress
declare
that
since
the
unprovoked
and
dastardly
attack
by
japan
on
sunday,december
7th,1941,a
state
of
war
has
existed
between
the
united
states
and
the
japanese
empire.
第四篇：2016英国女王国会演讲文本
Queen's Speech 2016
My Lords and Members of the House of Commons.My government will use the opportunity of a strengthening economy to deliver security for working people, to increase life chances for the most disadvantaged and to strengthen national defences.My ministers will continue to bring the public finances under control so that Britain lives within its means, and to move to a higher wage and lower welfare economy where work is rewarded.To support the economic recovery, and to create jobs and more apprenticeships, legislation will be introduced to ensure Britain has the infrastructure that businesses need to grow.Measures will be brought forward to create the right for every household to access high speed broadband.Legislation will be introduced to improve Britain’s competitiveness and make the United Kingdom a world leader in the digital economy.My ministers will ensure the United Kingdom is at the forefront of technology for new forms of transport, including autonomous and electric vehicles.To spread economic prosperity, my government will continue to support the development of a Northern Powerhouse.In England, further powers will be devolved to directly elected mayors, including powers governing local bus services.Legislation will also allow local authorities to retain business rates, giving them more freedom to invest in local communities.My government will support aspiration and promote home ownership through its commitment to build a million new homes.Following last week’s Anti-Corruption Summit in London, legislation will be introduced to tackle corruption, money laundering and tax evasion.My government will continue work to deliver NHS services over 7 days of the week in England.Legislation will be introduced to ensure that overseas visitors pay for the health treatment they receive at public expense.New legislation will be introduced to tackle some of the deepest social problems in society, and improve life chances.A Bill will be introduced to ensure that children can be adopted by new families without delay, improve the standard of social work and opportunities for young people in care in England.To tackle poverty and the causes of deprivation, including family instability, addiction and debt, my government will introduce new indicators for measuring life chances.Legislation will be introduced to establish a soft drinks industry levy to help tackle childhood obesity.Measures will be introduced to help the lowest-income families save, through a new Help to Save scheme, and to create a Lifetime ISA to help young people save for the long-term.My government will continue to reform public services so they help the hardest-to-reach.A Bill will be brought forward to lay foundations for educational excellence in all schools, giving every child the best start in life.There will also be a fairer balance between schools, through the National Funding Formula.To ensure that more people have the opportunity to further their education, legislation will be introduced to support the establishment of new universities and to promote choice and competition across the higher education sector.My government will legislate to reform prisons and courts to give individuals a second chance.Prison Governors will be given unprecedented freedom and they will be able to ensure prisoners receive better education.Old and inefficient prisons will be closed and new institutions built where prisoners can be put more effectively to work.Action will also be taken to ensure better mental health provision for individuals in the criminal justice system.My government will continue to work to bring communities together and strengthen society.Legislation will be introduced to prevent radicalisation, tackle extremism in all its forms, and promote community integration.National Citizen Service will be placed on a permanent statutory footing.My government will continue to safeguard national security.My ministers will invest in Britain’s armed forces, honouring the military covenant and meeting the NATO commitment to spend 2% of national income on defence.They will also act to secure the long-term future of Britain’s nuclear deterrent.My government will continue to play a leading role in world affairs, using its global presence to tackle climate change and address major international security, economic and humanitarian challenges.My government will continue to work to resolve the conflict in Ukraine.It will play a leading role in the campaign against Daesh and to support international efforts to bring peace to Syria through a lasting political settlement.Britain’s commitment on international development spending will also be honoured, helping to deliver global stability, support the Sustainable Development Goals and prevent new threats to national security.Prince Philip and I look forward to welcoming His Excellency the President of Colombia on a State Visit in November.My government will continue with legislation to modernise the law governing the use and oversight of investigatory powers by law enforcement, security and intelligence agencies.Legislation will strengthen the capability and accountability of the police service in England and Wales.My government will hold a referendum on membership of the European Union.Proposals will be brought forward for a British Bill of Rights.My ministers will uphold the sovereignty of Parliament and the primacy of the House of Commons.My government will continue to work in cooperation with the devolved administrations to implement the extensive new powers in the Scotland Act and establish a strong and lasting devolution settlement in Wales.My government will work in Northern Ireland to secure further progress in implementing the Stormont House and Fresh Start Agreements.Members of the House of Commons:
Estimates for the public services will be laid before you.My Lords and Members of the House of Commons:
Other measures will be laid before you.I pray that the blessing of Almighty God may rest upon your counsels.
第五篇：名人演讲
Chapter1 就任与离职
巴拉克·奥巴马：就职演讲
巴拉克·奥巴马：胜选演讲
乔治·W·布什：就职演讲
乔治·W·布什：告别演讲
威廉·克林顿：就职演讲
罗纳德·里根：就职演讲
约翰·F·肯尼迪：就职演讲
富兰克林·罗斯福：就职演讲
托尼·布莱尔：辞职演讲
温斯顿·丘吉尔：就职演讲
Chapter2 战争与和平
乔治·W·布什：发动伊拉克战争时的讲话 理查德·尼克松：沉默的大多数
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦：原子能时代的和平哈里·杜鲁门：日本二战投降时的讲话
富兰克林·罗斯福：珍珠港事件后要求对日宣战
Chapter3 政治与外交
乔治·W·布什：9·11全国电视讲话
科菲·安南：千年致辞
查尔斯王子：在香港主权交接仪式上的演讲 罗纳德·里根：在中国人民大会堂的讲话 托马斯·杰斐逊：独立宣言
Chapter4 社会与民主
迈克尔·杰克逊：拯救儿童
希拉里·克林顿：妇女的权利也是人权
纳尔逊·曼德拉：出狱演说
马丁·路德·金：我有一个梦想
帕特里克·亨利：不自由，毋宁死
Chapter5 文化与教育
比尔·盖茨：在哈佛大学毕业典礼上的演讲
史蒂夫·乔布斯：在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲
乔治·W·布什：在清华大学的演讲
沃伦·巴菲特：在佛罗里达大学商学院的演讲
威廉·克林顿：在北京大学的演讲
Chapter6 影视与体育
凯特·温斯莱特、西恩·潘：奥斯卡最佳女主角、男主角获奖感言 雅克·罗格：北京29届奥运会开幕式和闭幕式上的讲话
安妮公主、托尼·布莱尔首相：伦敦申办2012年奥运会陈述报告 杨澜：北京申办2008年奥运会陈述报告
迈克尔·乔丹：退役演说
Chapter7 褒奖与荣誉
保罗·克鲁格曼：获诺贝尔经济学奖受奖演说
多丽丝·莱辛：未获诺贝尔文学奖演说
科菲·安南：获诺贝尔和平奖受奖演说
欧内斯特·海明威：获诺贝尔文学奖受奖演说
威廉·福克纳：获诺贝尔文学奖受奖演说
Chapter8 科技与经济
比尔·盖茨：达沃斯世界经济论坛讲话
比尔·盖茨：亚洲博鳌论坛讲话
路易斯·郭士纳（IBM前董事长兼CEO）：CeBIT’98开幕式讲话 小约翰·洛克菲勒：家族的信条
安德鲁·卡耐基：成功之道
Chapter9 奋斗与激励
道格拉斯·麦克阿瑟：责任、荣誉、国家 德怀特·艾森豪威尔：反攻动员令
巴顿上将：对第三集团军的演说
亚伯拉罕·林肯：葛底斯堡演说
Chapter10 缅怀与纪念
查尔斯·斯宾塞伯爵：在戴安娜王妃葬礼上的悼词 罗纳德·里根：“挑战者号”惨剧致辞
弗里德里希·恩格斯：在马克思墓前的讲话 罗伯特·F·肯尼迪：纪念马丁·路德·金之死 乔治·格雷厄姆·维斯特：狗的赞歌
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