第一篇：校内统考应用写作
应用写作试题3 应用写作复习题
（一）一、单项选择题(每题1分，共25分)1．迄今所知我国最早的应用文文集是(c)A．甲骨刻辞 B．钟鼎铭文 C．《尚书》 D．《周易》
2．我国第一部文体学专论是(B)A．《文赋}》 B．《文章流别论》 C．《文心雕龙)》 D．《典论．论文》 3．“公文”的称谓出现的时期是(A)A．两汉 B．南北朝 C．唐宋 D．元明清
4．应用文对主旨的要求主要有正确、鲜明、(B)A．丰富 B．集中 C．庄重 D．形象
5．应用文使用叙述的方法以(D)为主 A．补叙 B．倒叙 C．插叙 D．顺叙
6．下列文种中，属于行政公文的是(D)A．决议 B．公报 C．指示 D．通告
7．公文的作者是指(A)A．制发者 B．审稿者 C．撰稿者 D．印文者
8．对重大行动作出安排，应选用(B)行文 A．通报 B．决定 C．通知 D．意见
9．山城大学向市国土局请求批准使用校内土地。应用（A）A．请示 B．报告 C．函 D．通知
10．批转性通知是指批转(C)的公文 A．上级机关 B．本机关 C．下级机关 D．平级机关
11.可用于任免人员的文种是(A)A.通知 B.通报 C.会议纪要 D.报告
12．写作总结多采用(A)A．第一人称 B.第二人称 C．第三人称 D.可无人称 13．报告的主要特点是(C)A．期复性 B．制约性 C．陈述性 D．呈请性
14．最具典型性与教育性特点的是(D)A．公报 B．公告 C．决定 D．通报
15．特别讲究针对性且属于被动行文的是(B)A．通知 B．批复 C．简报 D．询问函
16．市林业局向市财政局请求增加绿化经费，应用(B)A．报告 B．函
C．请示 D．申请书
17．调查报告是在实际工作中使用频率较高的(C)A．通用公文 B．专用公文 C．事务文书 D．经济文书
18．简报与新闻消息的主要区别是简报具有(A)A．简短性 B．及时性 C．新颖性 D．保密性
19．某个体户对税务所王××强行扣货款抵罚金的作法不服．提起诉讼，应用()A．民事起诉状 B．刑事自诉状 C．行政起诉状 D．起诉书
20．写作自荐信应着重展示自己的(C)A．简历 B．性格 C．能力 D．理想
21．提出“凡处理公事之文曰公文”这一概念的是()A．北洋政府 13．南京临时政府 C．国民政府 D．陕甘宁边区政府
22．既可上行、平行，也可下行的公文文种是(D)A．通知 B．议案 C．通报 D．意见
23．文摘与提要一般归属于（）A．法定公文 B．事务文书 C．专用文书 D．法规文书
24．意向书不具有的特点是（）A．预约性 B．灵活性
C．协商性 D．有法律效力
25．规则既是一种工作制度，又是一种（）规范 A．文明 B．行为 C．法律 D．道德
二、多项选择题（每题有2至5个正确项，未选全、错选均不给分。每小题2分，共10分）1．应用文的主要表达方式有（B D E）A.描写 B.叙述 C.抒情 D.说明 E.议论
2.行政公文特有而党的公文没有的文种是（）A.公告 B.通告 C.决定 D.决议 E.议案 3.公文的成文日期，应以（ACD）为准 A.领导人签发日期 B.送审日期
C.联合行文以最后签发机关领导签发日期 D.联合行文以主办机关领导签发日期 E.会议通过日期
4.订立合同的主要原则有（ADB）A.自愿协商 B.平等公平C.诚实信用 D.遵纪守法 E.内容概括
5.简报报头的构成项目有（AB期数、印发日期）A.简报名称 B.编发单位 C.编发日期 D.主送机关 E.期数
三、判断题（每题1分，共15分）
1.甲骨卜辞可算是迄今所见我国最早的应用文（√）2.应用文的本质属性（根本特点）是模（程）式性。（）3.应用文的主旨不能含有作者的主观意图。（）4.“书面辅助语”包括有声的人工语言。（）5.所有公文都必须标注签发人姓名。（）
6.行政公文的成文日期必须用小写汉字标注。（）7.引用公文应先引发文字号，后引标题。（）
8.事务文书的作者可以是法定作者，也可以是个人作者。（）9.报告中可带一些请示事项。（）
10.事项性通知的内容不具有强制性和惩处作用。（）11.写作提要，可适当作分析评价。（）
12.起诉状当事人基本情况应按被告、原告的顺序写出。（）13.“函”是党政公文均有的文种。（）
14.写请示，应当注明联系人的姓名和电话。（）15.“声明”也可写为“申明”。（X）
四、改错题与指错题（共20分）
（一）改错题（每题3分，共12分）
1.标题：山城大学请求增加招生指标的报告（请示）
2.标题：嘉陵县府关于发布嘉陵县暂住人口管理办法（通知）3.发文字号：金山县教育局发〔1998〕06号
4.结尾：专门写这封信告诉你们，请来信答复一下（致此，盼回复！）（按：改为规范的惯用结尾语）
（二）指错题（分条指出下文存在的问题。共8分）
启示（通知）
我公司〖原办公楼修建于七十年代，早已十分陈旧，已成危房。〗现新办公楼已竣工，旧楼已拆除。因此，我公司已（将）于2017年6月1日迁往市中区江山路28号新楼办公。有联系业务者，必须一律前往（请务必到）新址洽谈（带来的不便请谅解）。
临江市商贸公司
（20）06．（年）6．（月）16（日）
五、写作题（共30分）
（一）红光厂工会打算举办一次职工文艺调演活动,因需要20套演出服装，打算向市歌舞团租借，愿意付租金。请代该工会草拟一份商洽函。（10分）
（二）山城大学校园内有人随地吐痰，有的乱扔垃圾，践踏草坪，采摘花木，有的乱贴广告、宣传品，一些小商贩未经允许也跑到校园内乱摆摊点，甚至占道经营，影响了校容校貌，污染了环境。在建设文明校园的工作中，学校决定对这些不良习惯和违规行为进行整治。为此，请代该校拟写一份规定性通告。（20分）
（说明：以上两文标题用完全式。成文日期自定，但不能用“XX”代替。须标注眉首、版记等项目。）
应用写作复习题
（二）一、单项选择题（每题1分，共25分）1.被称为我国应用文理论巨著的是（A）A.尚书 B.论语
C.古文观止 D.文心雕龙
2.迄今所知提出“应用文”这一称谓的是（）A.司马迁 B.杜甫 C.韩愈 D.苏轼
3.我国古代应用写作的萌生时期为（D）A.原始氏族公社前期 B.原始氏族公社后期 C.商周时期 D.秦汉时期
4.应用文的本质属性（根本特点）是（D）A.程式性 B.时效性 C.工具性 D.实用性
5.应用文中常用来代替第三人称的是（B）A.吾 B.贵 C.本 D.该
6.应用文写作中较少使用的表达方式是（B）A.叙述 B.抒情 C.议论 D.说明
7.应用文结构最主要的特点是条理性和（C）A.工具性 B.实用性 C.规范性 D.典型性
8.行政机关公文具有法定效力和（C）A.文学体式 B.论文体式 C.规范体式 D.自由体式 9.国务院《公文处理办法》（新办法）发布的时间是（）A.1993年 B.1996年 C.2000年 D.2005年
10.公文标题中绝对不能省略的一项是（A）A.发文机关 B.关于 C.文种 D.事由
11.《办法》规定可不加盖印章的文种是（）
二、多项选择题（每题有2至5个正确项，未选全、错选均不给分。每小题2分，共10分）1.应用文语言运用的基本要求是（ABD）A.简洁 B.朴实 C.形象 D.准确 E.得体
2.属于公文格式“版记”部分要素项目的是（BE）A.主送机关 B.抄送机关 C.主题词 D.附件名称 E.印发机关和印发日期 3.下列文种中属于规章文书的是（）A.规划 B.办法 C.章程 D.公示 E.公报
4.总结（四部式）正文的核心内容为（）A.写作目的 B.基本情况 C.问题及原因 D.成绩与经验 E.今后打算 5.报告的适用范围是（BDC）
A.汇报工作 B.请求批准 C.反映情况 D.商洽问题 E.答复上级询问
三、判断题（每题1分，共15分）
1.先秦时期是我国应用写作理论建立的时期。（√）2.应用文由古体到新体的变革始于南京临时政府时期。（）3.秦汉时期是应用文文书制度建立的时期。（）4.事务文书主要用于公务，也有用于私务的。（√）5.“发文机关标识”是公文“眉首”部分的项目。（）6.法定公文都必须标识份号。（）
7.函是用于不相隶属机关之间的平行文。（）8.行政公文的成文时间应用阿拉伯数字标识。（）9.通知可以上行、平行、下行。（）10.公告、通告一般不标注主送机关。（√）11.指示是党政机关公文都有的文种。（）12.公示属于事务文书。（X）
13.自述性是述职报告的一个主要特点。（）14.“启事”可以写为“启示”。（）
15.规章文书应经法定公文发布后才有法定效力。（√）
四、改错题（1-6小题每题3分，第7小题2分，共30分）1.发文字号：渝府发（2010）〔2010〕第06号
2.公文标题：南原乡政府请求拨给救灾款的报告（请示）
3.公文标题：宏达总公司通知（关于）下属单位做好销售工作（的通知）4.公文标题：河海中学对开展素质教育情况给上级的汇报
5.正文：他们那个公司企图搞一个便民服务部（该公司准备设立一个便民服务部）。（提炼文句，改错）
6.正文：您们公司来的信函收到了，情况已知道了。（已悉，请耐心等待答复）（改为规范语）7.公文结尾语：以上请示妥当不？请批准（如无不妥，请批准！）
五、写作题（共30分）
（一）请根据自己的情况，拟写一份自荐信（10分）
（二）请自选内容写一份会议通知或转发通知或发布通知（10分）
（三）请根据以下材料（可略加补充）代该中学拟写一份请示（10分）大关县新宇中学要向县教育局写一份请示，请求县教育局拨给救灾款来修缮房屋和操场。原因是今年6月上旬，当地连续下了几天特大暴雨，引发了洪涝灾害。在这场灾害中，新宇中学因为处在河谷地带，遭受的损失不小。学校两栋教室，2008年新修那栋倒没问题，可是1991年修的那栋成了危房，有8个班的学生只好在临时搭建的棚房中上课。学校操场也被洪水冲得坑坑洼洼的，体育课都没法上。县里的新宇建筑公司派专业人员进行了实地查勘和设计，搞了个预算方案。教学楼危房改造600平方米，要20万元；修复操场要3万元。另外学校食堂因为是砖柱泥土墙，遭洪水浸泡，墙垮了，只剩个房架子，维修也需要2万元。但是学校是没钱的，这事只有靠上级了。他们知道县政府是给教育局安排了救灾款的，因此就希望县教育局从救灾款中解决这笔钱，用这笔钱来搞修缮。这样就可以保证学校的正常教学和生活秩序。
（说明：须标注眉首版记。标题用完全式。成文日期自定，但不能用“XX”代替。）
第二篇：英语统考翻译及写作
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。The Book I Like Best”
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。My Favourite Food”
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。The Job I Like”
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。My Favorite Sport”
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。My English Study”
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。My Hometown”
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
选择一个你想旅游的地点，并安排旅行计划。你应包括下列内容：
1.说明你想旅游的地点；
2.说明你为什么选择这个地点；
3.描述你的旅行计划。”无
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。How to Keep Healthy”
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。How to Overcome Difficulties in My English Studies”
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。My Dream”
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。The One I Love Most”无
”写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。My Hobby”无
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。About Health & Wealth”无
”写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
My Favorite Means of Getting Information
1．现代社会获取信息的方式很多
2．我最喜欢的获取信息的方式” 无
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。My Favorite Hobby”无
”写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。Difficulties in Studying English”无
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。My Ideal Job”无
”写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。My Activities in Leisure Time”无
“写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80
词的短文。About Doing Physical Exercise”无
”写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。About TV Ads”无
Who would say like this?“谁会这样说呢？ “
What time shall we leave?”我们何时出发？”
We are going to play golf this Sunday.“我们这个星期天要去打高尔夫球。” 89 Do you want to go out or stay at home?” 你想出去还是留在家里？”
The TV set cost me $200.“这台电视机花了我200美元。”
I am glad to hear the good news.”听到这个好消息我很高兴。”
He sits there listening to music.“他坐在那儿听音乐。”
He didn't understand what the teacher said.”他不懂老师所说的话。”
The couple enjoyed their holiday very much.“这对夫妇假期过得很快活。”
The store opens from 7 am.to 8 pm.”这个商店从上午7点到下午8点开门营业。” 89 If you have time, you can come to my office.“如果有时间，你可以来我的办公室。” 89 The teacher told the students to sit down quietly.”老师叫学生们安静入座。” 89 I am not satisfied with his answer.“ 我对他的回答不满意。”
I can't finish the task within 1 hour.” 1小时内我不能完成这个任务。” 89 We are going to have an English party today.“ 今天我们将有一个英语聚会。” 89 Please tell me what to do next.”请告诉我接下来做什么。”
Please get off the bus at the next stop.“请在下一站下车。”
You should arrive at the airport at 10 am.”你该在上午10点到机场。”
Do you have anything to say?“你有什么要说的吗？”
What can I do for you?”我能为您做点什么？”
I am very much interested in sports.“我对运动很感兴趣。”
Could you show me the way to the train station?”你可以告诉我去火车站的路吗？” 89 Do you know where the post office is?“你知道邮局在哪儿吗？”
Could you tell me how to get to the bank?”你可以告诉我如何去银行吗？”
Could you tell me how to go to your university? “请你告诉我如何去你的大学，可以吗？” 89 When I was young, I liked singing and dancing.”年轻时，我喜欢唱歌跳舞。” 89 The question is too difficult to answer.“这个问题太难回答。”
I haven't enough money for the coat.”我的钱不够买这件上衣。”
David will get a birthday gift from his sister.“戴维将从他的姐姐那里得到一份生日礼物。” 89 Please give me your homework before leaving.”请在离开前将你的作业交给我。” 89 What is the color of your new computer?“你的新电脑是什么颜色？”
What did you do last week?”上星期你干什么了？”
What a beautiful T-shirt you have!“你的T恤衫真漂亮！”
My watch is five minutes fast.”我的表快了五分钟。”
We must arrive there on time.“我们必须准时到那儿。”
Can you finish your work in time?”你能及时完成工作吗？”
I lost my keys on my way to work.“在去上班的路上，我的钥匙丢了。”
When did you get up yesterday morning? ”你昨天早上几点起的床？”
I had lunch with a friend of mine.“我和我的一个朋友一块吃了午饭。” I finished my work at 6 pm.”下午6点我干完了活。” I didn't sleep well.“我没睡好。“ I'm sorry to hear that.”听到这消息我很遗憾。“ I heard she got married last week.“我听说她上星期结婚了。” I take a walk in the early morning every day.”我每天一大早出去散步。“ We have known each other for 6 years.“我们认识有六年了。“ I watched TV all night yesterday.”我昨天看了一夜电视。” The movie began when we got there.“我们一到那儿电影就开演了。” When I arrived at the station, the train had already left.”我到车站时，火车已经开了。“ He knew the time of the meeting.“他知道开会时间。” How long has she lived there?”她在那儿住多久了？ “ Where did you go for dinner yesterday?“你们昨天去哪儿吃饭了？ “ When will he come to see you?”他什么时候会来看你？ “ Our teacher always encourages us to speak English bravely.我们的老师总是鼓励我们大胆讲英语。You must always remember not to cheat in exams.你们必须记住永远都不要在考试时作弊。This pair of shoes cost me 260 yuan.这双鞋花了我260元钱。How long will it take us to get there?我们到那儿要用多长时间？ I'm now a distance education student.我现在是一名远程教育学员。The little boy wanted to exchange his toy car for my cake.这个小男孩想用他的玩具小汽车换我的蛋糕。These five boys failed in their English exam last term.这五个男同学上学期的英语考试没过。One can never succeed without enough confidence in himself.一个人如果对自己没有足够的信心就不可能成功。The price of gasoline will come down in Chinese market.中国市场上的汽油价将会下降。Don't you think smoking is harmful to your health? 你不认为抽烟对你的身体有害吗？ I have no interest in what they say about me.我对别人怎么说我不感兴趣。I don't know who broke the window.我不知道谁打破了窗户。It is known to all that exercises are good for health.众所周知，锻炼有益于健康。Not all Americans are interested in sports, of course.当然，并非所有美国人都对运动赶兴趣。I think the picture shows us how fruit is necessary to life.我想这幅图是告诉我们水果对生活是不可缺的。Does the computer have instructions on it?电脑上面有使用说明吗？ You can buy water inside.你可以在里面买水喝。I think everyone knows how to swim.我想每个人都知道如何游泳。I'll have to try using the search engines.我得试着用这个搜索引擎。Did you get that E-mail from me?你收到我发的那封电子邮件了吗? Wang Li's father has taught English here since he has graduated from Peking University.王丽的父亲从北京大学毕业后就一直在这里教英语。Please give this book to whoever comes first.请把这本书给最先来的人。
Though it was late, they kept on working.尽管已经很晚了，他们还在继续工作。89 Bill hit his car into a wall last night.昨晚比尔开车时车撞到了墙上。
Would you please help me with this heavy box?你能帮我抬一下这个很沉的箱子吗？
Apples here like water and sunshine.这里的苹果喜欢水和阳光。
Fred was such a hardworking student that he soon came out first in the class.弗瑞德是一个学习十分用功的学生，以至于不久他就成了班里学习最好的学生。
Ted and William have lived under the same roof for five years.泰德和威廉已经在同一个屋檐下生活了五年了。
You needn't go there anymore.He already knows about it.你不必去了，他已经知道那件事了。
As is known to all, China is a developing country.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。91 她对英语很感兴趣。She is very interested in English.91 他个子比我高。He is taller than I.91 昨天下雨了。It rained yesterday.91 请把门打开。Please open the door.91 你经常看书吗？Do you often read books?
桌上有一支笔。There is a pen on the desk.91 学生们现在正在唱歌。The students are singing now.91 我们总是乘公共汽车上学。We always go to school by bus.91 火车终于到达北京了。The train finally got to Beijing.91 他们打算明天去公园。They are going to the park tomorrow.91 我是中国人。I am Chinese.91 欢迎到北京来。Welcome to Beijing.91 能给我些水吗？May I have some water?
能帮我叫辆出租车吗？Could you call a taxi for me?
图书馆在哪里？Where is the library?
我爱我的祖国。I love my country.91 去银行我该坐哪辆公交车？Which bus should I take to the bank?
您能慢一点儿说吗？Would you speak more slowly?
这个多少钱？How much is this?
我吃饱了。I am full.
第三篇：英语统考作文写作
一、Instructions:根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。The Sports Activities I Like Best 1.你最喜欢的体育运动；2.喜欢这项体育运动的理由。
二、Instructions:根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。1.你业余时间的娱乐活动有哪些；
2.描述其中一项活动。In my spare time, I can do many things, such as playing computer games, reading comics, going shopping.I also like playing pingpong very much.I have a friend.His name is Nick.He is crazy about playing pingpong, too.If we have free time, we often play pingpong together.One summer holiday, he took me to a sports centre.Then we played pingpong together, but he always lost.He was very angry.He said to me, “I will beat you in a month.”“OK.We will have a match at that time.”After a month, when I talked to him about it, he answered,“I forgot the thing!I don't want to have a match with you.” I was very surprised and angry and said,“Oh, you're a forgetful boy!” My Activities in Leisure Time
三、Instructions:根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。Why I Like Learning English 1.学习英语的主要原因；
2.学习英语的主要方法。Now，with the development of science and technology，it's a trend that the world is becoming smaller and smaller.The international trade has become an important part in the business field,so it's vital for us to learn English well.To learn English well,you need a lot of patience and stamina.well，I do come across some difficulties.It's all right for me to write in English.However,the spoken English isn's so easy for me.There's few opportunity for me to listen and speak to native speakers,so I have problem in speaking.But it doesn't matter.Since then ,I always listen to the BBC learning English as well as VOA ,I learn their voice by heart and try to imitate it.Before long ,my spoken English get improved.Hence,there's no difficulty as long as you have a willing heart.To learning English well,you must believe in yourself and try your best every time you meet an obstacle.One day ,you'll succeed.四、Instructions:根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。The One I Love Most 1.介绍你最喜欢的一个人；
2.说明喜欢他（她）的理由。My favorite book is Hamlet, the most famous play by Shakespeare.Others may say that it is hard to read, even to native speakers.It is true that English has changed a lot since Shakespeare’s time, but human nature, which Shakespeare’s play tries to explore, remains the same.To read it carefully is to deepen our understanding of life and death, of love and hate, even of the entire world.And always remember the play was originally written for performance, in other words, for fun.Once you overcome the language barrier, you will feel the beauty of those poetic lines, which you have never experienced before.五、Instructions:根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。Which is more important, Health or Wealth? 1.介绍你对健康与财富之间关系的看法；
2.简述你持有以上看法的理由。Which is more important,wealth or health? This is a difficult question which is often argued by people.Everybody has his own answer.In my view,I prefer the former than the latter.Why? The following points can well suport my statement.Firstly, wealth include not only money but also knowledge, experience, intelligence, etc.one who has no money would has neither food for eating nor clothes for dressing, how can he do anything else.Secondly, if one only has health and he has no knowledge, we think he is a ignorant man.He can eat, sleep, walk, but he can't make any contribution to the society.Finally, if you have wealth, you can do anything you want to do, such as travel, buying anything you eager for a long time, you can also do something good for the poor and for anyone who wants help.In short, wealth can bring you anything which involve health.I think this is a practical answer
六、Instructions:根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。An Unforgettable Experience 1.介绍你的一次经历；Yesterday our class had an exciting excursion in Xishan.We set out from the gate of school at 9:00.After half an hour, we arrived the destination.Some students had a great picnic, and others went fishing by the river.We left there at 5:00pm, and we were all very happy for this excursion.2.为什么那次经历令你难忘。an unforgettable experiene when i am at home ,i'd like to listen to the radio alone, waiting for my favorite songs.i am a quiet girl（boy）,i don not like to go out.or play with friends.but last summer ,I went to Yantai Shandong for a visit with my friends,there I saw the beautiful sea ,.It was extremely amazing.The sea water was as bule as the sky , and it was very clean as well.Also ,the beach in Yantai was very nice.I built a small sand palace.When I was swimming in the sea, as if I was a little fish , I like that feeling very much.we all enjoy ourselves very much.That's my trip to Yantai ,it's really unforgettable experience.But now the new term is in the way,I have to put my heart in the study.Anyway next year I hope to go there again.you know i am a shy girl(boy),i never get out without my parents,but this time,i change a lot, i try my best to do myself.i have learned a lot,i have to get rid of my parents.i have to make a first step live alone。at last ,i feel i am growing up.七、Instructions:根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。My Favorite Means of Getting Information 1．现代社会获取信息的方式很多；
2．我最喜欢的获取信息的方式。My favourite way to gain information We all live in a modern society, where there are many ways to know about what’s happening in the world.For example, you can watch TV to know what’s new about the world.You can buy a piece of paper to know what’s happening around you.My favourite way to gain information is to surf the Internet.Surfing the Internet can not only save you a lot of time but aslo tell you a lot more about what’s going on with the world.It’s very convenient if you look for news online.There are many different websites online, you can choose your favourite part, one click of mouse can get you there.What’s more, news from online websites is also movable, you can no only read it, but also watch it.It’s very updated.I think surfing the Internet is lots of fun, how about you?
八、Instructions:根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。Happy Things in My Childhood 1.介绍主要童年趣事；
2.描述一件主要趣事。In my childhood, filled with a lot of interesting young Fun, will not help laughing sometimes question that all of us should ask.One thing that made me worry a new memory.I remember that during the last one year when Sunday morning, I was sitting comfortably on the sofa and watch television with relish.Inadvertently, I saw on television a chicken farm in the chicken, all kinds, colors, yellow, white, a very lovely.Small brain, the eyes turn round Liuliu stop, coupled with the hairy body, especially elicit people like.I felt I needed to have an idea of buying a handful of chick-let.Mom in the kitchen cooking, I went to my mother around grinning, and said : ”Mother, father to father, I have bought a few chicks!Overtime, it will give you time to buy, ah? “I have a lot of pouting and said :” I really hate!“You know they collapsed on the sofa again, a second time to have passed.Suddenly, I scare up, the refrigerator is not the egg? I think about while talking to himself on, do it!Won two eggs through the refrigerator.”Hen hatching chicks depending on the temperature of the eggs were hatched to, if I were to the hatching, eggs are being squeezed easily broken.Of the usually like my mother always said that his father's body stove, the father's quilt is definitely hot.“I think that the father was an egg carefully into the yard, and patiently wait for the birth of her chicks.Dad back, the storm will soon have to open their eyes, into a bedroom, opened quilts, sleeping only heard the father was not named soon, I immediately went past, and my father was out of paper shining his pants.I Wuzhuozui secretly smiled, and her mother came running over and down the back of the skull.Dad angry and said : ”Dzodzo, is not a good thing you do? “I will detail in the dark to tell the parents.We all laughed, and her mother rubbed my small brain : ”dumb children, no eggs were hatched chicks!"My eyes what we sway.How interesting to me!It made me understand a profound truth : that people should not blindly do, but after careful thought, and action.15、写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。1.介绍你的主要爱好； 2.喜欢其中一项爱好的理由。My Hobbies
16、写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。1.介绍你的一位老师； 2.喜欢这位老师的理由。My Teacher
17、写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。1.简单介绍中国新年即春节； 2.你最喜欢的新年庆祝活动。The Chinese New Year
18、写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。1.电视的优点； 2.电视的缺点。Television
19、写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。The Sports Activities I Like Best 1.你最喜欢的体育运动； 2.喜欢这项体育运动的理由。20、写作 Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。The One I Love Most 1.介绍你最喜欢的一个人； 2.说明喜欢他（她）的理由。
15.My Hobby There are a great many hobbies to choose from.Some people enjoy collecting coins or stamps, others choose to spend their time on sports or music.I have many hobbies, but raising flowers and cycling are my favourite.I benefit from them.raising flowers can edification my sentiment and make a cultivated for me.cycling maintain a mental and physical balance.In my spare time.I often cycling to play.It is especially good for health.It is good exercise.If you go to work by riding a bicycle instead of driving or taking a bus, you can have a better chance of getting enough exercise you need everyday.Bicycling is also good for our environment.I like raising flowers and cycling and I will remain.16.My English teacher Mr.濮 is our English teacher.He is 30 years old.He looks very young.He is fond of playing basketball.He is not only my teacher but also my best friend.He is strict with me in my English.He often tells us jokes.He asks us to play basketball with him.And he also encourages us to work hard.When we make rapid progress.He is pleased with us.He teaches us how to solve the problems and he makes his lessons active and interesting.We are all interested in English.We likes him very much.英语老师 Mr.濮是我们的英语老师。他是30岁。他看非常年轻。他喜欢打篮球。他是不仅我的老师，而且我的最好的朋友。他是严格的要求在我的英语上。他经常讲我们笑话。他要求我们打与他的篮球。并且他也鼓励我们努力工作。当我们使迅速进步。他对我们满意。他教我们如何解决问题和他使他的课活跃和有趣。我们都对英语感兴趣，我们喜欢他非常。17.The Chinese New Year The Chinese New Year is an important festival for Chinese people all over the word.It is also called The Spring Festival or The Lunar New Year.The exat date of the festival on the western calender changes from year to year.However The Chinese New Year take place from Janurary 1st to Febrary 19th.On the Chinese calender every year has an animal's name.These animals are rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, ram, monkey, rooster, dog and pig.A Chinese legend says these twelve anmials had a race, the first year was named after the rat, the winner.The other eleven years were named according to the order the animals arrived in the race.The clever rat jumped on the ox's back, and then ate the end jumped over the ox's head to arrive first.The Chinese believe that the people born on the particular year has some of the anmial's characteristics of that anmial.18.Television plays an important part in our daily life.on the one hand, it provides us news both at home and abroad.we can get to know many things happening around the world.it can also bring us much pleasure.programs of television make us relaxed and forget unhappy things.on the other hand, television can have bad effects on us.it does great to our eyesight and study.so we should spend less time on television.besides, we students should not watch programs that are not suitable for students.otherwise, we will be badly affected by television.in a word, we should make good use of television and use it properly.19.Of all the sports,I like table-tennis best.I think it is not only a sport but also an art, because it is a game that needs strength and skill.Some people think that playing table-tennis needs little strength, but I don't think so.In playing table-tennis, we should judge the direction of the ball, and hit it back with great strength so that we can win the game.At the same time we need to pick up the ball which falls to the ground.So after one game you will be very tired if you have tried your best.Though I can't play it very well, I still show great interest in it.I think playing table-tennis can build our bodies, keep us healthy and train our brains.What's more, it an help us to learn to co-operate with each other.So I like it very much.20.The one I love most My father is the one I love most, which is a definite answer for me.I have thought he is the best man in the world since I was a little girl.I am proud of him.He loves me all the time whatever is happening.When I grew up and even now I have a boyfriend, his love is never changed.I enjoy my boy friend's love as well, but if somebody asks me who is the one I love most, I will still answer him straight out: it's my father.1.Instructions.建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文? 内容提示.假如你叫张琳,你昨天(4月7日)在放学回家的路上发生了交通事故,你从自行车上摔了下来,被好心人及时送到了医院,医生叫你卧床休息三天,特此请假(ask for a sick leave)要求： 1.请根据以上内容,向班主任张老师写一张请假条;2.以第一人称写,不能逐字翻译;3.词数80左右? 2.Instructions.建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的英文通知? 明天(星期五)全班同学将去参观科学博物馆(the Science Museum),由你(班长)通知全体同学?(通知的开头和结尾已给出)?具体内容如下.1.早上8点钟在校门口集合,步行前往;2.参观时要认真听,仔细看,并记下有趣的东西;3.不可在博物馆内大声喧哗及拍照;4.携带钢笔和笔记本;5.下星期一交一份有关参观的报告? 要求.1.不要逐句翻译;2.词数80个左右? Fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thank you!3.Instructions.建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文? My Last Sunday 上星期天你打电话叫Jack和你去公园?在公园你们看见……,你们玩得很高兴? get up late;call;get to;many people;do exercise;read;lake;fly ? 4.City Life and Suburban Life 5.About TV Ads 6.About Doing Physical Exercise 7.My Activities in Leisure Time 8.My Ideal Job 9.Difficulties in Studying English 10.My Favorite Hobby 11.My Favorite Means of Getting Information 1)现代社会获取信息的方式很多 2)我最喜欢的获取信息的方式 12.About Health & Wealth 13.My Hobby 14.The One I Love Most 15.My Dream 16.How to Overcome Difficulties in My English Studies 17.How to Keep Healthy 18.My Travel Plan 选择一个你想旅游的地点，并安排旅行计划。你应包括下列内容： 1.说明你想旅游的地点； 2.说明你为什么选择这个地点； 3.描述你的旅行计划。19.My Hometown 20.My English Study 21.My Favorite Sport 22.The Job I Like 23.My Favourite Food 24.The Book I Like Best 25.Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
1.手机的好处； 2.手机带来的问题。
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Mobile Phone 26.Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
1.介绍你的春节计划； 2.说明其中一项活动。
My Plan for the Spring Festival 27.Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
1.介绍你最喜欢的电视节目； 2.为什么喜欢这个电视节目。My Favorite TV program 28.Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
The Sports Activities I Like Best 1.你最喜欢的体育运动； 2.喜欢这项体育运动的理由。
29.Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
1.你学习英语的主要理由； 2.说明学习英语给你带来的益处。
30.Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
Where to Live 1.有人喜欢住在城市； 2.有人喜欢住在农村； 3.你的看法。
31.Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。Plant More Trees 1.树是一种重要的自然资源； 2.树有利于环境的改善； 3.让我们多种树。
32.Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
My Favorite Form of Entertainment 1.现代人越来越重视娱乐；
2.娱乐方式丰富多彩，而我最喜欢的是…… 3.我选择的原因。
33.Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
1.简述你的家乡； 2.你对家乡的印象。
34.Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
Which is more important, Health or Wealth? 1.介绍你对健康与财富之间关系的看法； 2.简述你持有以上看法的理由。
35.Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。My Favorite Means of Getting Information 1．现代社会获取信息的方式很多； 2．我最喜欢的获取信息的方式。
36.Instructions: 建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
Why I Like Learning English 1.学习英语的主要原因； 2.学习英语的主要方法。
37.Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
Happy Things in My Childhood 1.介绍主要童年趣事； 2.描述一件主要趣事。1．范文：
1、Leave of Absence April 8th Dear Mr.Zhang: I am sorry to tell you that I cannot go to school today because I had an accident yesterday.Yesterday afternoon, a motorcycle crashed into my bicycle when I was on my way home.It happened when I was going to make a turn and the motorist didn’t expect my turning.Fortunately, I jumped down from the bike before it ran into me.ButIgothurtinmylegaftera；Yoursrespectfully,；ZhangLin；2．范文：；Dearclassmates,；I’mverygladtoannouncetha；Intheprocessofparticipat；Ihopeeachparticipantcoul；PleasebeontimeandI’mlook；Monit
But I got hurt in my leg after all.People on the spot sent me to the hospital immediately.The doctor told me that I should stay in bed for three days.Now I am writing to you to ask for three days’ sick leave.Thank you very much.Yours respectfully, Zhang Lin 2．范文： Dear classmates, I’m very glad to announce that tomorrow we will pay a visit to the Science Museum.Let’s get together at the gate of school at 8 o’clock and head for the destination on feet.In the process of participating, please remember to listen carefully, watch seriously and write down something interesting.Because noise and photos can bring great threat to the environment, they are forbidden in the Science Museum.We are expected to adhere to the rules and be polite and qualified visitors.I hope each participant could hand in their visiting report next Monday.Please be on time and I’m looking forward to seeing you then.At last, wish you have a good time!Monitor 3．范文：
I burned the mid-night oil last Saturday evening, so I got up very late Sunday morning.Jack and I had arranged to go to the park today and I called him the moment I rose up from the bed.We would meet at the gate of the entrance to the park.When we got there, there were so many people that we elbowed our way to the park entrance.There was a spacious square where some people were doing exercise.Some were playing shadow-boxing while some were dancing.Also there were some people reading books in front of a lake.We had brought kite with us and we flew it for a while.After having lunch there, we went home at noon.We really enjoyed this splendid Sunday.4．范文：
Where do you like to live? That is an interesting question.Usually people like to live in big city.But recently, more and more people chose to live outside the city, to live in suburb.It is true that living in big city is convenient and entertaining.Your work place is not far away, and after work, it is easy for you to call your friends to go to a bar or cinema.There are supermarkets, shopping malls.You can easily buy any stuff you need.Want to have a dinner? No problem, there are plenty kinds of restaurants for you to choose.In contract, living in suburb is quite different.It serves fresh air and beautiful scenery and, for someone that is the most important thing, quiet.Though living in suburb has some inconvenient aspects, some people seem to prefer to sacrifice some convenience to live in quiet places.And as cars and internet are becoming more and more common, living in suburb is not so boring like before.5．范文：
Nowadays, ads plays an important role in our modern society.More and more advertisements are seen on our TV screen, especially the commercial ads.It’s difficult to find a program without insertion of ads on TV.Food, clothes, cars, everything you can think of, are presented on TV.Of course, TV ads have positive aspects.For one thing, they can provide viewers with valuable information.For another, the wide spread of TV ads can also stimulate the economy.However, TV ads have negative aspects, too.For example, these ads often interrupt interesting programs we are watching.So I think the government should control and manage the TV ads well to give us a clean and beautiful TV screen.6．范文：
Doing physical exercises helps everyone to keep health.A person who take exercises spends more energy.The more energy he spends, the more blood he uses, so physical exercise can increase the flow of the blood ,Which does good to our health, Sports can also make our minds sound.While playing we take our minds off work or study.As a result, our minds are relaxed.Since sports can result in good health, we should take part in for a while every day no matter how busy we are.7．范文：
During my leisure time, I have quite a lot of activities to do.The two activities I love most are reading and shopping.I usually spend the whole morning of Sunday reading novels or magazines at home and then go shopping with my friends in the afternoon.I feel very relaxed when I am walking around with them because we can enjoy the beautiful goods displaced in the shop widows and we can talk about whatever we like.When I see a bookstore, I will ask my friends to go inside with me, too, because I want to buy the latest best-sellers.I do enjoy these activities in my leisure time because they make me feel happy.8．范文：
My ideal job is to be a teacher.I choose to do so mainly for three reasons.First, I want to teach because I like the pace of academic calendar.Two long vacations offer me an opportunity for reflection, research and writing.Secondly, I want to teach because I like the freedom to make my own mistakes, to learn my own lesson, to stimulate myself and my students.And I can have the opportunity to keep on learning.Finally, I want to teach because, being around the students who are beginning to grow and change in front of me, I will grow and change with them too.But teaching is not an easy job at all.I must study cleverly to obtain more knowledge.And, at the same time, I will make every effort to purify my soul so that I can become an architect of man's soul.9．范文：
Ever since I have learned English, I feel that English is not that easy.For most Chinese people, grammar is one of the most difficult parts in English learning.If people do not have a good grasp of grammar, it is difficult for them to speak well.As for vocabulary, there are so many words that it is often an arduous work to memorize them.Although many people memorize a lot of English words and know well about English grammar, they still cannot speak English very fluently.Many Chinese learners still speak awkward English, even though they may be proficient at other skills.One reason for this is their lack of practice.Just as the saying goes, “Practice makes perfect”.So if people want to handle these difficulties in English learning, they should grasp every opportunity to practice.10．范文：
My favorite hobby is swimming.Many people like to swim in summer.So do I.Just imagine!What fun it is to jump into the water in hot summer!In hot weather, I often go to swim in the swimming pool with my family.Swimming can not only make us strong and healthy, but also helps us to keep in good shape.But few people like to swim in winter because it is too cold.Swimming in winter needs much courage.I hope one day I can be strong enough to swim in winter.11．范文：
Nowadays we have a great number of means of getting information.Libraries provide us with books, while Internet offers us information resources.My favorite means of getting information is surfing the Internet.It enables me to search what I want within just a few seconds.We can also visit foreign website without paying.In addition, when we confront some problems, we can go to Baidu Knowledge or Yahoo Clever to ask for help, and we can often become satisfying answers.Internet helps me really a lot.I enjoy searching information through Internet.12．范文：
Both health and wealth are the two things that everybody wants.However, it is difficult for most of us to own both at the same time.So which one would you choose first? For me, I will put health in the first place.There are two main reasons for it.On the one hand, we need to have a strong body so as to make a living.If we are weak or sick, we will not be able to work hard.What’s more, we have to pay for the expensive treatment and medicine in the hospital.On the other hand, even if we are rich enough, there are so many diseases that are not possible to be cured.Money is nothing when we are hopelessly ill.In a word, health is always more important than wealth.13．范文：
My hobby is watching movies at home.I have developed this interest ever since I was a high school student.I love this hobby for mainly two reasons.First, movies are very attractive and interesting.I can learn a lot of stories and knowledge by watching them.Second, I can kill time when I am too bored.A movie usually lasts for about two hours.So if I feel bored, I can spend the time watching movies and enjoy myself at the same time.Watching movies is indeed a very interesting hobby for me.14．范文：
The one I love most is my mother, who gave me my life and all her love.My mother is in her fifties and she has retired.She is a very kind-hearted women and everybody likes making friends with her.Before she retired, she had to keep working hard to make money and take good care of me.She never complains about life although life is tough for her.And when I have any difficulties in my life, she always encourages me to overcome those problems.I love my mother most!15．范文：
Everybody has his own dream.My dream is to travel all over the world.I have had this dream ever since my childhood.I love traveling and I wish to see different parts of the world.I wish to make friends with people from different countries.If my dream comes true, I will go traveling by myself.I won’t join any package tour.I know there is a man who travels the whole world with 3000 thousand dollars.He made money by doing part-time jobs while traveling.I think I can learn from him.How I wish my dream to come true!16．范文：
I am interested in learning English and I have been learning English for more than ten years.Unfortunately, I am not very good at it.I find speaking and listening the most difficult in my English study.Because I have no partners to talk with in my spare time, I don’t have the chance to speak much.Listening is hard because there are so many different accents and the speakers usually speak very fast.I can’t follow them.There are many new words to learn everyday.I am not good at remembering them well.Writing and reading are not easy for me, either.I think it is also because of the words.I know English is very important.I will try my best to overcome all the difficulties in my study.17．范文：
Health is very important for everyone.People use every possible method to keep healthy.How to stay in good health state? I have three pieces of advice.First, we should have a healthy diet.By this I mean we should eat regularly, and we should avoid the junk food such as the fried food and the food with too much sugar.Second, we should keep doing sports.It is said that the easiest way to keep fit is to walk fast for at least half an hour a day.Third, be relaxed.We are under a lot of stress from work and family, and we should release the stress by doing something we enjoy.For example, we can do shopping, watch movies and listen to music.It is not difficult to keep healthy if we know the methods and follow them.18．范文：
I am planning to travel to Beijing in the winter holiday.I choose this city because it is one of the most popular places of interest in our country.As it is the capital, there are many famous spots in Beijing, such as the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace and so on.Besides, there are many well-known universities like Peking University and Qinghua University.I will go to Beijing with my best friend Lily.We will go by air.We plan to spend a week there, visiting all the famous spots and universities.19．范文：
My hometown Guangzhou is a very beautiful and modern city in the south of China.It is the capital of Guangdong Province with a long history of more than 2,000 years.Guangzhou is the center of economy, politics and education of the province.Everybody can have a good time here.You can visit a lot of museums, parks and universities here.You can do shopping like crazy in this city.People here are very friendly.For example, they are always ready to offer their seats to others who need them in buses and subway.I hope my hometown Guangzhou will attract more and more visitors each year.20．范文：
I am interested in learning English and I have been learning English for more than ten years.Unfortunately, I am not very good at it.I find speaking and listening the most difficult in my English study.Because I have no partners to talk with in my spare time, I don’t have the chance to speak much.Listening is hard because there are so many different accents and the speakers usually speak very fast.I can’t follow them.There are many new words to learn everyday.I am not good at memorizing them well.Writing and reading are not easy for me, either.I think it is also because of the words.I know English is very important.I will try my best to overcome all the difficulties in mystudy.；21．范文：；Justaslotsofteenagerstak；Ilovethissportbecauseitb；22．范文：；Therearesomanydifferentj；TobeateacherisadreamIhav；Teachingismeaningfulandr；23．范文：；Myfavoritefoodischocolat；
my study.21．范文：
Just as lots of teenagers take to pop music, I love basketball.It's part of my life.I began to play basketball in my childhood.I still remember the good old days when I played with my classmates after school.Later on, as I grew up, almost everything changed, but this sport—playing basketball remained and my love of it grew even stronger.I love this sport because it brings joys and health to my life.When I got tired from office work, I went to the sports ground and felt refreshed.If there were worries and cares from daily life, I went to the sports ground.There everything went away except basketball.It is basketball that keeps me in good shape and mood.22．范文：
There are so many different jobs in the job market, and the job I like most is teaching.To be a teacher is a dream I have had ever since my childhood.As a teacher in a school, he can pass knowledge down to many children.As a result, people respect teachers very much.What’s more, teaching has become a better-paid job than ever before.The government has made it a policy that teachers should be as well paid as the civil servants.Teaching is meaningful and rewarding.That is why I like the job.23．范文：
My favorite food is chocolate.It is a very popular food all over the world.I love chocolate for two reasons.On the one hand, it is the most tasty snack I have ever tasted.There are several flavors, and I like the black chocolate most.On the other hand, it is well-known that chocolate can refresh us when we feel hungry or sleepy.That’s why I always keep a box of chocolate in my office.When I feel tired, a piece of chocolate is the best thing in the world.I love chocolate!24．范文：
My favorite book is titled Three Hundred Poems of Tang Dynasty.My grandfather bought it to me when I was a little girl.I still keep this book in my bookshelf now.I love this book most among all because it is one of the best collections of the literatures throughout the history of China.I can learn the poets by the most famous poets during the Tang Dynasty, such as Li Bai, Bai Juyi and Du Fu.Their well-known works have been passed down from generation to generation.I will show the book to my children in the future.Three Hundred Poems of Tang Dynasty is the best book I have had.25.范文一
We can see around us that more and more students are going to own a mobile phone.From NOKIA to SIEMENS, from national to imported, from low price to high price…… As a communication device, the mobile phone benefits us a lot.We can use it to keep in touch with our families, our friends and our classmates wherever we are.In festivals, we can send short messages to wish good luck to other people we known.It brings us a lot of convenience.As a coin has two sides, the mobile phone also has disadvantages.We spend too much time on spelling our words and sending short messages that we can't focus on our studies.Also, you will always be annoyed by strangers' calls one after another.In my opinion, we can use it.But we shouldn't spend too much time on it and don't let it disturb us from our studies.And we should not easily tell people our phone numbers who we don't recognize.范文二
With the rapid economic development, the mobile phone has found its way into campuses and a host of students take advantage of this wonderful gadget to communicate with each other.This phenomenon gives rise to this question: What are the advantages and disadvantages of the mobile phone? It is widely believed that it greatly facilitates students' campus life.Many instances could be found to support this type of opinion.A graduating student in our university bought a mobile phone in the course of hunting for his job.He told me that through the mobile phone he could easily keep in touch with the employer of the company he intends to work with and would not miss any opportunities.However, everything has both positive and negative facets.The mobile phone also has many disadvantages.For instance, the ringing of the mobile phone often disturbs the teacher's teaching and other students' learning.Personally, the advantages of the mobile phone outweigh the disadvantages of it as long as we don't interfere with others while using it.范文三
Wherever you are, you can see many people use mobile phones.It seems that the world becomes smaller nowadays.You can be reached wherever you are if you take a mobile phone with you.Some people think that the mobile phone is necessary and useful to them.With a mobile phone at hand, it is convenient for them to keep in touch with others.The young like to send text messages, surf on the Internet, listen to music and even take photos with the mobile phone.In some dangerous moments, it even can save people’s lives.However, many people don’t like the mobile phone.Some hate receiving harassing messages and telephones.Some think the cost of the mobile phone is high for them.Others think that its radiation is harmful to people and it brings some diseases to people.Whether we like the mobile phone or not, it affects our life and plays an important role in our daily life.What is more important is that we should use it in a proper way.26.范文一
Spring festival is coming.It's a traditional day for the Chinese people to get together besides the Mid-Autumn Day.For this reason, many people rush home wherever they are.However far they are and however busy they are, they try to go home.I am one of those who hate it because after one festival, I become one year older.Another reason is that there are many more ceremonies before or after the festival.However, this spring festive is a bit special for me.I had a wonderful time.We didn't stay at home but had a travel and order a rich feast /dinner in a restaurant.Though it was very much expensive, we could spare much effort preparing the dinner which we couldn't have eaten and also we could have a lot of time to enjoy ourselves.You see, nowadays, the living standard has been greatly improved and eating is not so much a problem as before, so we have to find other kind of ways to enjoy ourselves.Traveling is a good way of spending the traditional festivals.We went to Xishuangbaina, Dali, and the Stone Forest.My family, especial my children are all excited, learning a lot about the Minorities' tradition.I wish one day I could go abroad to spend the festival if we could make enough money!范文二
Spring festival is a Chinese traditional festival and it’s very important for Chinese people.During the spring festival period, workers will have a 7 days vacation.Everybody has his/her plan for the vacation.As far as I am concerned, I’d like to do such things as learning, relaxing myself and staying with my family.The vacation will usually last a long time, more than 20 days for the students.So, it’s a good time for me to adapt myself to learn something new and review the knowledge I’ve learned.Meanwhile, after the past intense learning period, I think it’s a nice relaxation time for me.Finally, I think the spring festival is the time during which I should accompany my families and cherish the warm and fragrant time with them.I think it’s a good time for me.范文三
Spring Festival is the most important festival in China.It is to celebrate the New Year in Chinese lunar calendar.In the evening before the Spring Festival, families get together and have a big meal.In many places, people like to set off firecrackers.Dumplings are the most traditional food.Children like the festival very much, because they can have delicious food and wear new clothes.They can also get some money from their parents.This money is given to children for good luck.People put New Year scrolls on the wall for good fortune.The Spring Festival lasts about 15 days.People visit relatives and friends with the words “Have all your wishes”.People enjoy the Spring Festival and during this time they can have a good rest.27.范文： My favorite TV program is Animal World.It is a program about animals.I watch it at 7:00 every evening.It tells us a lot about animals' life and it also tells something about their living habits, eating habits and living environment.I think it is the most interesting TV program in China, because I love animals so much.It can help me increase my knowledge and I can learn a lot of knowledge that I can't learn from books.It also helps me broden my horizon and know the natural surroundings.Animal World is a good TV program and I hope that everybody likes it.28.范文：
My favorite hobby is swimming.Many people like to swim in summer.So do I.Just imagine!What fun it is to jump into the water in hot summer!In hot weather, I often go to swim in the swimming pool with my family.Swimming can not only make us strong and healthy, but also help us to keep in good shape.But few people like to swim in winter because it is too cold.Swimming in winter needs much courage.I hope one day I can be strong enough to swim in winter.29.范文：
I am interested in learning English and I have been learning English for more than ten years.Unfortunately, I am not very good at it.I find speaking and listening the most difficult in my English study.Because I have no partners to talk with in my spare time, I don’t have the chance to speak much.Listening is hard because there are so many different accents and the speakers usually speak very fast.I can’t follow them.There are many new words to learn everyday.I am not good at memorizing them well.Writing and reading are not easy for me, either.I think it is also because of the words.I know English is very important.I will try my best to overcome all the difficulties in my study.30.范文：
Where do you like to live? That is an interesting question.Usually people like to live in a big city.But recently, more and more people choose to live outside the city, to live in suburb.It is true that living in big city is convenient and entertaining.Your work place is not far away, and after work, it is easy for you to call your friends to go to a bar or cinema.There are supermarkets and shopping malls.You can easily buy any stuff you need.Do you want to have a dinner? No problem.Tthere are plenty kinds of restaurants for you to choose.In contract, living in suburb is quite different.It serves fresh air and beautiful scenery and for someone quietness is the most important thing.Though living in suburb has some inconvenient aspects, some people seem to prefer to sacrifice some convenience to live in quiet places.And as cars and internet are becoming more and more common, living in suburb is not so boring as before.31.范文： Nowadays, environment problem is becoming a common concern to people all over the world.Frequent natural disasters which caused by environment problems such as earthquakes and sandstorms, make people think about the solution.Many people come to the idea of planting more trees.In my opinion, planting more trees is a wonderful choice.Since trees are deeply rooted under the earth and can protect water and soil.This helps to lessen the loss when disasters come.Take a sandstorm for example, the forest which is made of thousand of trees may slow down the speed of the wind to some extent.When it blows up the sand, the sand can not form a big storm.Obviously, this is one aspect of the advantages of planting trees.All in all, let us plant more trees to protect our living environment 32.范文：
In modem society, pelple pay more and more attention to entertainment than before.There are many forms of entertainment, but my favorite form of entertainment is watching TV in my spare time.After a day of hard work, I look forward to a good relaxation and watching TV is a good means of relaxation.The pleasant music on TV can keep me away from tension and fatigue.The exciting movies and TV series can make me enjoy different kinds of life as if I were the actor in them and the Education TV service offers teaching programs on all subjects to me.In a word, watching TV really entertains me a lot.33.范文： My hometown Guangzhou is a very beautiful and modern city in the south of China.It is the capital of Guangdong Province with a long history of more than 2,000 years.Guangzhou is the center of economy, politics and education of the province.Everybody can have a good time here.You can visit a lot of museums, parks and universities here.You can do shopping like crazy in this city.People here are very friendly.For example, they are always ready to offer their seats to others who need them in buses and subway.I hope my hometown Guangzhou will attract more and more visitors each year.34.范文一
Which is more important, health or wealth? When given this question, different people have varied answers.Some insist that health plays a more important role in our life, while others see more advantages arising from wealth.The first group of people argues that, on the one hand, a strong person can do almost anything as long as he/she tries hard.On the other hand, however, rich people will not be able to enjoy the wealth if their days are numbered.In contrast, the wealth has such arguments as follows.For one thing, wealthy people will be able to buy more healthy foods.For another, they can enjoy better facilities to improve their health.AsfarasIamconcern；范文二；Somepeopleinthisworldbel；Asforme,Iwouldchooseheal；Sothetruevalueoflifedoes；35.范文：；Nowadayswehaveagreatnumb；Myfavoritemeansofgetting；Internetreallyhelps
health.As far as I am concerned, both health and wealth are important to our life.We should try to strike a balance between them and gain wealth with a healthy body.范文二
Some people in this world believe that wealth weighs much more important that health.In their points of view, they take wealth as their vital pursuit.While others think that health is a fundamental part of man's life.As for me, I would choose health rather than wealth as an aim for which I would like to put my whole life to chase.The reasons why I am leaning health are that firstly, a healthy body is invaluable and nothing in this world could purchase it even you have stocked tons of golden bars in your yard;secondly, you can create a better life by working hard with your body to live in a bigger house, drive an expensive car or go to many other places, but what if your body is in very serious condition? Will you still have that strength and mood to enjoy all of those? So the true value of life doesn't rely on the amount of wealth you have, but the healthy body, with which you are holding a ticket to the promising future.35.范文：
Nowadays we have a great number of means of getting information.Libraries provide us with books, while Internet offers us information resources.My favorite means of getting information is surfing the Internet.It enables me to search what I want within just a few seconds.We can also visit foreign website without paying.In addition, when we confront some problems, we can go to Baiduknowledge or Yahooclever to ask for help, and we can often get satisfying answers.Internet really helps me a lot.I enjoy searching information throgh Internet.36.范文一：
Whether we like to learn a new object or not largely depends on whether we could find out the interest of it.English, one of the most charming languages in the world , attract me deeply all the time.If you ask me why I like to learn English, three reasons will be referred to in a response.First, I enjoy English songs and movies as well as English tragedy.In my childhood, English songs became my best partner.With their beautiful and smoothing music I could sleep sound every night.Then I grow up, I find another charm of this language, Hollywood movies, which, full of fantasy and humor, brings me to another world of joy and happiness.Furthermore, when I began to read English stories, the tragedies written by Shakespeare expose the human nature and help me gain an insight into human being and the world.Second, as a freshman of GDUT, I could hardly fail to notice the significance of technology.However, most of valuable academic books of technology are written in English.Driven by my ambitions in my field, I was ,am ,and will be determined to learn English with a concentrated effort.Finally, I am eager to understand the culture of the U.S.,for instance, to experience the way how an ordinary American boy achieves his American Dream and attain successful accomplishment.In spite of all the efforts we have made, we cannot shake the status of the United States, the only superpower in the world.I want to hunt for the answer why and how this power rises, which also serves as another motivation for my interest in English.As we all known, language is an aspect of culture which could help me find the answer.In all, I like to learn English, and I believe my interest could motivate me to learn more and attain more.范文二：
When it comes to which subject I like more, there’s no doubt that it’s English.Some people assumed surely that it’s hard for us to speak English.To some extent, they hate it.For my part, I will make greater achievement, if I can conquer it.As time goes by, the more I practiced it, the more I get.It was the great achievement that let me like it.Because it’s necessary for us to learn foreign language, especially English, with the world becoming a country.And then we can cope with the problems when talking to foreigners.Furthermore, having a good command with English provides us with an advantage over others to get a highly-paid job.It also can bring a lot of friends.All in all, you will lose yourself in it and like it, as soon as you concentrate yourselfves to learning it.For English is such interesting that will increase our career opportunities, broaden our horizons and enrich our life.37.范文一：
Childhood is some time that everyone will keep as the most valube thing in his life.All of us want to go back to childhood to enjoy it once more.When it comes to childhood , we always can’t control our emotions.I was growing up in a small village.Aroud my hometown are many green hills and trees.Though it is not beautiful enough to attract visitors, it gives me a lot of joy.The most interesting thing I think, is wandering on hills, looking for wild fruit.The fruit made my childhood sweety.Acctually, I grew up with the wild fruit.Another pleasure is catching fish in pool or river in my spare time.To be honest, I am not good at fishing.What I liked is catching fish just by hands.It was very exciting when fingers touched the fish under the water.Though at that time, lacking of money made it little chance for me to have toys;I got big entertainment from nature.There were many other interesting things in my childhood that I can’t get all out here.When thinking of them, I always can’t help feeling deeply moved.范文二： I am already 18 years old, but the memory of my childhood is still like an unforgettable sweet dream.One day, all my family went to climb a mountain.There father told my elder sister and me that the first one to get to the top of the mountain would be given a toy.Hearing this, we began to run up.At first I kept ahead, but a few minutes later my sister was ahead of me.However, I didn't give up.That toy attracted me to run forward.In the end, I reached the top first.On the top we enjoyed the beautiful scenery and had a picnic.At dusk, we went down the mountain happily.I was the happiest one, because I not only got a toy train but also knew that one shouldn't give up readily.1.你业余时间的娱乐活动有哪些； 2.描述其中一项活动。
第四篇：应用写作
文秘管理与应用写作
分 章 辅 导
第一编 行政文体
第一章 行政机关公文
这是全书的重点章之一。
一、要了解法定公文的广义和狭义概念：
广义的公文是指机关中所有的可称为“文件”的东西，包括计划、总结等。
狭义的公文指的是法定公文，凡行政机关公文，指按《国务院办公厅关于国家行政机关公文处理办法》（本复习中简称为“办法”）列出的公文文种；凡党的机关公文，又指按《中国共产党党的各级领导机关文件处理条例》中规定的文件。
教材中提到的是2000年修订的《国家行政机关公文处理办法》，共有十三种公文，现在使用的是国务院修订的新《办法》，又增加了新文种“意见”，同时废止了“指示”。
二、*要牢牢掌握公文的特点：
法定性、政策性、实用性、时效性、规范性
三、公文的基本功用： 颁布法规、传达指示，反映情况、请示工作，联系工作、商洽公务，宣传教育，依据凭证。
四、*公文的分类：
1.按行文方向和行文关系划分：上行文、平行文和下行文；
2.按有无紧急程度分：紧急公文和普通公文。
3.其中紧急公文：特急件和急件。
4.按有无保密要求分为：普通文件和保密文件。
其中保密文件可分为：绝密、机密、秘密三种。
五、*公文的格式：
要求会画出正式文件的规范格式，包括每种公文的格式项目及位置都要准确（如有无签发人，如有，位置在哪里等）。
（一）文头部分有：
版头、文号、签发人、秘密等级、紧急程度等；
行政下行文不应有签发人；
文号的组成包括机关代字、年份和文件顺序号。
（二）行文部分（也叫中间部分）：
包括标题、主送机关、正文、习惯用语、发文机关、年月日、印章、主题词、附件等。
标题示例：
北京市人民政府
关于撤销大兴县设立大兴区的通知
北京市人民政府办公厅
关于《北京市加快城市危旧房改造实施办法（试行）》 执行中有关问题的通知
不同的公文有不同的习惯用语，熟知常用公文的习惯用语，可以帮助我们正确地判断文种。
发文机关要写全称，一般不能简称为“厂部办公室”。
年月日要用汉字书写，并且用全称。
正式公文的主题词设计，要查国务院的《主题词手册》。一般地说，主题词是能够概括文件内容的几个词（或词组），最后一个词一定是文种，如“绿化、美化、通知”或“加强、思想政治工作、通知”等。
（三）文尾部分：
有抄报、抄送、抄发和发文机关的办文机构、印文年月日等。国家质量技术监督局1999年发布《国家机关公文格式》，在实际工作中办理 3 文件的同志请注意新要求。
本次考试以教材为准。
六 *公文写作的基本要求：
熟悉党和国家的方针政策及有关法规和规定，要了解实际情况，要遵循行文的各项规则。
七、公文写作示例：
对下述重点文种说明不同的要求：
1.命令（令）：
主要掌握行政令、发布令的区别。
发布令是用以发布各种法规范和规章的。
行政令是用于采取重大强制性行政措施时使用的。
2*议案：
关键是掌握概念：它适用于各级人民政府按照法律程序向同级人民代表大会或人大常委会提请审议事项。
3.*公告与通告：
要掌握两个文种在认识和使用上的区别，主要表现为：公告是“向国内外”宣布重要事项和法定事项的，而通告则是用在“在一定范围”。
* 4.通知：
这是本章中最重要的文种。除掌握相关知识和写作技巧外，主要是要求会起草正式文件通知。
“因锅炉坏了，洗澡堂停用二天”不在此列。
（1）、要研究通知的类别：
第一种类型的通知________关于颁布法规和规章的：
如《北京广播电视大学大学生守则》，通知是以学校的名义发给“各区、县电大分校，各工作站”的，将《守则》随文下发，《守则》成为附件。
例文：
北京市人民政府
关于发布《北京市实施“国家行政机关公文处理办法”细则》 的 通 知
各区、县人民政府，市政府各委、办、局，各市属机构：
现发布《北京市实施“国家行政机关公文处理办法”细则》，自2001年5月1日起施行。1994年9月28日市政府办公厅发布，1994年10月1日起施行的《北京市实施“国家行政机关公文处理办法”细则》同时废止。
北京市人民政府
二OO一年三月二十七日
第二类通知_________批转下级耒文的：
“批转”中的“批”字可见是上对下，并且是先有下级对上报文。
例：
北京广播电视大学贯彻“改革人才培养模式”，以学生学习为中心的经验很好，学校就有关问题的创新和实践工作，给市教委的有关部门写了一份报告。
市教委认为很有创意，很具典型性，于是拟定一份通知，将北京电大的报告随文下发，这就是批转下级来文的通知。
北京电大的报告在这里成为“附件”。
第三种通知_______转发上级来文的。
按照我国的行政管理层级，最高的是国务院，下边是各级政府及同级机构。
每一份上级政府的下发文如“通知”，都要逐级转发，这也叫“上边一根针，底下千条线。”
“上边”一级的通知总是被做为附件下发的，因为这是工作的根本依据。
例：
《海南省人民政府办公厅转发“国务院办公厅关于严格控制新闻发布会和周年纪念活动的通知”的通知》
第四种类型通知________是不带附件的：
相对带有附件的通知而言，它更带有一定的“主动”色彩。
（2）、通知的内容：
A、带有附件的通知：
一是不加按语，即“照批照转”。只明确要求下级执行。
写法上多为“现将《„„》发给你们，希遵照执行。”
二是加按语的。
所谓“按语”，是发文机关对所发附件的相关说明，如结合本地区、本行业、本部门的实际情况，做一些补充说明或提出其他要求，有的还可对附件尤其是上级来文做出评价。注意三个问题：
在什么情况下加按语？
加什么按语？
按语写作要注意什么？
·吃透“附件”精神
·强调的是针对性
·“附件”内容和要求，让下级理解得更充分和准确
按语的类别：评价、要求、说明等，一般要具体情况具体分析。
如教材中，“海南省政府办公厅的通知”按语部分分为：
第一个自然段：强调海南的特殊现状
第二自然段：结合海南本地区的情况制定了更为具体的规定。
* 加什么做为按语？
不是重复附件内容而是必须要写出特色
检验的是发文机关办文人员的政策、业务素质和写作水平。
有责任心、有水平的干部要研究问题，写出有针对性、有特色的“按语”，说到底还是干部素质问题。
B没有附件的通知：
在正文中要写好缘由和事项两部分
a 缘由：目的、意义、现状等（为什么通知）
b事项：工作原则、组织安排、活动布置、检查评比等（通知什么）
教材中“没有附件”的通知：
《关于开展国家公务员普通话培训的通知》、《国务院关于成立国务院三峡工程建设委员会的通知》、《关于召开全国高新技术产业开发区工作会议的通知》
根据当前的形势、任务，我们确定以下内容为思考重点：
a关于加强社会主义精神文明建设工作的；
b关于贯彻落实“科教兴国”战略，加强思想政治工作的； c关于全面提高北京电大学生素质，改革人才培养模式的； d以北京电大名义发文抗击“非典”的。
5、通报：
通报是适用于表彰先进、批评错误、传达重要精神或者情况的常用公文。
无论是表彰性的还是批评性的通报，都要明确表扬或批评的对象，不论是单位还是个人，都要首先明确指出。其次是说明事由，这也是表彰或批评的直接理由。
* 写表彰通报：
A说明对象、光荣事迹、精神品质、号召学习和表彰办法等。
B写好这种时代精神非常强的文件，关键是我们要站在时代的高度，用发展的眼光来审视人或组织的行为。
*
6报告：《国家行政机关公文处理办法》规定：报告适用于向上级机关汇报工作，反映情况，提出意见或者建议，答复上级机关的询问。
A 按其性质不同，可将其分为综合报告和专题报告；
B 按其具体内容和用途，又可分为情况报告、建议报告等。
C 一般地说，一份报告都会同时分别隶属于至少两种类型，如一份“北京电大关于加强对大学生进行思想政治工作的报告”，既可能是专题报告，又可能同时隶属于建议报告。
7请示：
掌握请示的写法和注意事项；
特别要注意请示与报告的区别，因为现在工作中仍有一些单位在写
“关于„„的请示报告”。
对办文人员来说，如果我们的请求理由不符合实际政策允许的范围，例如，现实政策还未发展到某种程度，那么上级就会“驳回”我们的请示。
“编织” 请示文件框架：
“关于积极探索人才培养模式”的请示 内容提示：
A、为什么要在当前提出改革和探索人才培养模式？
“科教兴国”战略的提出，要求我们对“人才”应有哪些新认识
教育将因“人才战略””而受到前所未有的挑战
北京电大在复校二十多年的实践中，认识到了探索和改革人才培养模式的极其重 要性
北京电大在人才培养模式的探索上，已具备二十几年的实践经验
北京电大这项工作得到了市教委有关方面的一贯支持
北京电大具有开拓创新、与时俱进的条件（软、硬件）分析
B、具体请示的事项
北京电大目前人才培养新模式的基本内涵
目前学校准备在哪些方面进行这项工作的改革与探索：
教师队伍的提高
教学和教务管理方面
建立新的管理体制和机制
建立“以学习为中心”和“以学生需要为中心”的新模式
请求市教委的支持项目
函：
函的概念
来函与复函的不同写法 函的写作注意事项。
尤其要注意：
*其他公文一般只有一个行文方向，而函却除去平行文，在同级和不相隶属的机关之间行文外，还可以在上、下级机关之间使用，但要注意它与请示的区别。
9会议纪要：掌握概念及一般写法，注意与会议记录的区别。
*10意见：
适用于对重要问题提出见解和处理方法；明确要求下级机关贯彻执行；报请上级机关予以批转或者转发。
第五篇：应用写作[范文]
网络学院复习提纲
一、简答题
1、应用文为什么经常使用序数？序数的层次？
序数的使用，既使应用文各部分内容的连接、转折显得简单、明确，又使应用文的层次、段落的划分安排变得更加清楚和有条理。这有利于受文者理解和把握应用文的内容。
依照《国家行政机关应用文处理办法》第五章第二十五条的规定，序数的层次顺序如下：
第一层：用汉字一、二、三、四……每个序数后用顿号，顿号一般要占一格。有时也不用顿号，特别是序号作为小标题时，在序号与小标题之间空一格即可；
第二层：用半圆括号的汉字
（一）（二）
（三）（四）……括号外不加标点符号； 第三层：用阿拉伯数字1、2、3、4……用法同第一层；
第四层：用半圆括号阿拉伯数字（1）（2）（3）（4）……用法同第二层。四层序号顺序不能颠倒，在同一层里不同层次的数字不能混用。
2、什么是请示？简述请示与报告的区别。
请示是下级机关向上级机关请求对某项工作、问题作出指示，对某项政策界限给予明确，对某事予以审核批准时使用的一种请求性公文，是应用写作实践中的一种常用文体。
请示用于向上级机关请求指导、批准，上级接文后一定要给予批复；报告则用于向上级机关汇报工作，反映情况、提出建议，供上级了解情况。为上级提供信息和经验，上级机关接文后，不一定给予批复。
3、什么是经济合同？简述经济合同的主要条款？
经济合同是指平等民事主体的法人、其他经济组织，个体工商户、农村承包经营户相互之间，为实现一定的经济目的，明确相互权利义务关系而订立的合同。主要条款有：标的（指货物、劳务、工程项目等）；数量和质量；价款或酬金；
经济合同
履行的期限、地点和方式；违约责任；根据法律规定的或按经济合同性质必须具备的条款以及当事人一方要求必须规定的条款。
4、什么是主旨？为什么撰写公文前要先确立主旨？
主旨是主要的旨意;中心意思。公文的主旨，是社会生活的客观反映和作者主观思想结合的产物，即文章中通过个部材料所表达的中心思想（或主要内容）和作者写作意图的统一。
5、什么是通告？简述公告与通告的区别。
通行是公开地通知发出全民通告。《国家行政公文处理办法》明确规定，“公告”适用于向国内外宣布重要事项或者法定事项，“通告”适用于在一定范围内公布应当遵守或者周知的事项。从上述定义和实际运用的情况来看，公告和通告有两个共同的特点：一是它们都属于公开性文件，在有效的范围，了解其内容的人愈多愈好。二是在写法上要求篇幅简短，语言通俗易懂、质朴庄重。
当然，这两个文种的区别也是比较明显的：
第一，内容属性不同。公告用于“向国内外宣布重要事项或者法定事项”，兼有消息性和知照性的特点；与公告相比，通告的内容是“在一定范围内应当遵守或周知的事项”，具有鲜明的执行性、知照性。
第二，告启的范围不同。公告面向国内外的广大读者、听众，告启面广；通告的告启面则相对较窄，只是面向“一定范围内的”的有关单位和人员。
第三，使用权限不同。公告通常是党和国家高级领导机关宣布某些重大事项时才用，新华社、司法机关以及其他一些政府部门也可以根据授权使用公告。而通告则适用于各级行政机关和企事业单位。目前，公告和通告这两个文种在实际运用中存在着比较严重的混乱现象。在报纸杂志中，在公共场所的招贴栏上，常常可以看到某某企业开业的《鸣谢公告》，宣传产品质量的《公告》，补交电话费的《公告》，《桥牌大赛通告》，老干部体检的《通告》，等等。无论从哪个角度来看，这些作法都是不规范、不妥当的，“鱼目混珠”的后果，使得这样两种具有法定效力的文件失去了其对公众应有权威性和约束力。这种现象应该引起各级政府和企事业单位的注意。
6、什么是经济合同？经济合同的合法性表现在那几个方面？
7、应用文的语言要求？如何达到这些要求？
应用文是一种处理公私事务的工具，是用来说明事实、解决实际问题的，侧重于“以事告人”。所以语言要求朴实无华、开门见山。例如在述职报告中就写“该干什么、干了什么、干得怎么样”，直陈直述，不展开论述，不夸张、不掩饰、更不能虚构。
8、什么是批复？简述批复与指示的区别。
批复是上级机关答复下级机关请示事项的答复性公文，具有权威性、针对性和指示性等特点。而指示则是喝批复相反的。
9、什么是总结？简述总结与报告的区别？
总结是对前一阶段工作或学习进行回顾、检查和分析研究，从中找出经验和教训，获得规律性的认识，以便指导今后实践的一种事务文书，是应用写作实践中的一种常用文体。报告是机关向上级机关或业务主管部门反映情况、汇报工作、报送文件、报告查询事宜时所写的汇报性文件。
10、什么是材料？材料的作用？
应用文的材料是指撰写者为表现应用文主旨时所搜集、摄取或写入文之中的一系列事实、数据或论据。材料是应用文写作的基础。如果说主旨是应用文写作的灵魂，那么材料就是应用文的血肉。没有材料，主旨就不能确定。应用文的材料主要分为理论材料和事实材料两大部分。理论材料主要有方针、政策、各种法律法规及科学原理、定律、学说等；事实材料主要有事件与情况、实物与现象等。材料与写作休戚相关，应用文从搜集材料到文章定稿，实质上是一个搜集、分析、综合、选择、排列、组合材料的过程。
11、应用文的安排原则？
应用文结构安排的原则与文学作品类似。1.服从表现主题的需要。2.要适应不同文体的特点。
12、什么是行政公文？国务院重新颁布的13种行政公文是何年何月何日颁布的？何时实施？简述公文的特点。
行政公文，是公务文书的简称，是人类在治理社会、管理国家的公务实践中使用的具有法定权威和规范格式的应用文。国务院重新分布的第13种行政公文于2000年8月4日分布，于2001年1月1日起施行。行政公文的特点有：
一、有法定作者制发。法定作者指依法成立并能以自己名义享有权利承担义务的社会组织及其领导人。
二、具有法定的权威性和现行效用。法定权威性是指公文在法定时间和空间范围内能够对受文者的行为产生一定程度的强制性影响。现行校用指公文在其内容所针对的现行公务活动中直接发挥实际效力具有依据和凭证功能。
三、公文具有规范的体式和特定的处理程序。公文的规范体式是指公文的文体和格式必须符合国家的统一规定。收文和发文均有一定的处理程序各环节皆有顺序性和规范性不得自行其是。
13、命令的概念、特点。命令的发文字号与其他公文有什么不同？
适用于依据法律、行政法规，并经中国人民银行授权，发布部门规章；宣布施行重大强制性行政措施；嘉奖有关单位及人员。
14、通告的概念、特点、种类、与公告相比较，通告有什么特点？通告与公告的区别。通行的发布者通常是国家机关中的业务（职能）部门，也可以是基层单位、群众团体。
通告主要有三个特点。1.内容的业务性。通告发布的内容多是局部性的、业务性的，针对性强。2.行文对象的有限性。通行千知事项的范围是辖区内的单位和人们。3.发文单位的广泛性。通告的内容属一般事项，所以发文单位比较广泛。党政机关、企事业单位、人民团体都可以发布通告。种类有1.知照性通告。2.办理性通告。3.禁止性通告。
15、调查报告的特点、种类？调查报告与工作总结的区别？
调查报告是反映实际、探索真理的有力武器，是体现唯物主义的主要手段。其特点有：1.针对性。2.典型性。3.真实性。4.时效性。调查报告的总类有：1.社会现状调查报告。2.典型经验调查报告。3.揭露问题调查报告。4.新生事物调查报告。调查报告与工作总结的区别：1.它们的写作人称不同。2.它们的写作目的不同。3.它们的写作对象不同。4，它们的写作手法不同。
二、选择题
1、国家机关、社会团体、企事业单位使用最广泛的公文是（C）。Ａ、请示 Ｂ、报告 Ｃ、通知
Ｄ、通报
2、公文的标题一般是不能省略文种的，只有（B）通知可以省略 A、会议通知 B、批转性通知 C、任免通知 D、事项性通知
3、应用文的根本性特征是（A）。
A.实用性 B.简约性 C.规范性 D.时效性
4、下行文可有多个主送机关，下面只有一个主送机关的下行文是（）。A.通知 B.通报 C.指示 D.批复
5、下面哪一种函的发文字号写法正确（）。
A.粤府函〔2004〕1号 B.粤府 [2004]1号 C.粤府函（2004）1号 D.粤府函（04）1号
6、负责处理和执行公文的机关是（）。
A.发文机关 B.主送机关 C.抄送机关 D.上级机关
7、某大学要把教育部“关于加强大学生思想政治工作意见”发给下面，用（）方式行文。A.、批转 B、转发 C、印发
8、下列各项，不属于主体部分的是（）。A.主送机关 B.附件
C.主题词 D、标题
Ｂ、二号宋体字
Ｄ、三号黑体字
9、公文的发文机关标识必须使用（）字。Ａ、红色大号宋体字
Ｃ、三号宋体字
D、翻印
10、省政府对全省的发展，从宏观角度展示出发展蓝图用（）行文。Ａ、计划 Ｂ、设想 Ｃ、方案 Ｄ、规划。
1、公文眉首部分必须具备的项目是（）。A、发文机关的标识和发文字号
B、文件名称和标题
C、发文机关的标识和签发人 D、发文字号和序数
2、现行的《国家行政机关公文处理办法》是何时颁布的？（）A、2001年8月24日 B、2000年1月1日 C、2001年1月1日 D、2000年8月24日
3、地方人民政府撤消下级机关不适当的决定事项用（）行文。A、命令 B、决定 C、通告 D、通知
4、受双重领导的机关向上级机关行文，应当写明（）。
Ａ、上级机关
Ｂ、发文机关 Ｃ、抄送机关
Ｄ、主送机关和抄送机关 ５、广东省人民政府2009年发的第一号文，发文字号正确的写法是（）。Ａ、粤[2009]1号 Ｂ、粤字[2009]第1号 Ｃ、粤府〔2009〕1号 Ｄ、粤府（09年）1号
６、ХХ大学对学校的发展作了粗线条的、大体的安排，用（）行文。Ａ、计划 Ｂ、设想 Ｃ、方案
Ｄ、打算 ７、某省政府把某市政府文件加通知发给下属单位，这种形式叫（）。Ａ、批转
Ｂ、转发
Ｃ、翻印
Ｄ、印发 ８、省财政厅答复市财政局部请求拨款的来文时应用（）。Ａ、指示
Ｂ、通知
Ｃ、批复
Ｄ、复函 ９、公文标题，必须使用（）字。Ａ、红色大号宋体字
Ｃ、三号宋体字
Ｂ、二号宋体字
Ｄ、三号黑体字
10、下列各项，不属于主文部分的是（）。
A、标题 B、主送机关 C、附件 D、主题词
1、下列文种中党的机关一般不用（）。
A.报告 B.请示 C.议案 D.通报
2、标列主题词的顺序，应该是（）。
A.先标类别词，再标类属词 B.先标类属词，再标类别词 C.先标反映文件内容的词 D.先标反映文件形式的词
3、ХХ大学对学校的发展作了粗线条的、大体的安排，用（）行文。Ａ、计划 Ｂ、设想 Ｃ、方案
Ｄ、打算
4、嘉奖有突出成就和重大贡献的单位和个人用（）行文。A.命令 B.决定 C.通报 D.通知
5、联合行文需盖两个印章时，应将成文时间拉开，左右各空（）个字。A、2 B 4 C、5 D、7
6、下列各项，不属于主文部分的是（）。A.主送机关 B.附件
C.主题词 D、标题
7、以下是一份函的发文字号，哪一个写法是正确()。A．穗府函〔2004〕6号 B．穗府(2004)16号 C．穗府函(2004)16号 D．穗府[2004]16号
8、某省人民政府对耕地保护目标责任制执行情况进行了全面考核验收，为传达情况、沟通信息，拟以书面形式下发，应选用的文种是（）
Ａ、总结
Ｂ、报告
Ｃ、通告
Ｄ、通报
9、某市政府把省政府文件加通知印发给下属单位，这种情况叫（）A.批转 B.转发
C.印发 D.翻印
10、通常从内容上要回答“做了什么”；“怎么样做的”和“为什么这样做”三个问题应用（）行文？ Ａ、报告
Ｂ、计划
Ｃ、总结
Ｄ、通报
三、判断题
1、应用文的根本特征是“实用性”。
2、某地发生一起突发性重要事故，要将此事故的发生过程、结果和处理情况反映给上级，用报告行文。
3、公文用纸必须采用A4型纸，天头要留出28mm，左边要留出37 mm。
4、某省教育厅请求省财政厅增拨教育经费5000万、用请示行文。
5、下级机关对一些重大问题提出自己的建议和解决办法，这个意见一经领导批转就具有指导性。
6、为了启发读者思考，应用文可使用一些朦胧含蓄、模凌两可的语言。
7、为使下级机关及时了解向上级请示的问题，请示应同时抄送下级机关。
8、计划正文部分必须写明“做什么”、“怎么做”、“先做什么后做什么”。
9、某市人事局向其市属各单位下发年终考核工作通知，同时抄报市人民政府。
10、为打击“黄、赌、毒”，某省人民政府决定与省公安厅联合扫黄。报。
12、主旨是构成文章诸要素中最具决定意义的要素。没有主旨，其他要素就难以甚至不可能发挥作用。
13、为避免文件满天飞的现象，下级机关可一份公文向上级机关请示几件事。
14、为使文章思路清晰、结构严谨，应用文中常使用序数过渡。
15、撰写工作总结，要把感性认识上升到理性认识上来，总结出具有典型意义的经验教训来。
16、中共××省委与××市委就学习贯彻中共第十七次代表大会精神，联合向下发出通知。
17、公文用纸必须采用16开型纸，天头要留出30mm，左边的要留出25mm装订线。
18、简报是党政机关、群众团体简要报道工作情况的文书，所以简报是一种行政公文。
19、计划正文部分必须写明目标、措施、步骤这三要素：
20、商品说明书与商品广告都是为了推销商品，写法上虽有不同，但其目的和作用是相同的。
21、正文部分的结束语，在其他文种里可以省略，但在请示中不能省略。
22、某地发生一起突发性重要事故，要将此事故的发生过程、结果和处理情况反映给上级，用报告行文。
23、印章是公文生效的标识，所有的公文都应加盖章。
24、某大学向省教育厅写例行报告，一汇报2005年工作，二请求增拨教育经费5000万。
25、市教育局请求市财政局增拨希望工程资金用“函”行文。
26、调查报告是“报告”的一种，所以调查报告也属行政公文。
27、撰写会议纪要可以根据工作需要，进行各种调查研究，广泛选取材料。
28、下级机关对一些重大问题提出自己的建议和解决办法，这个意见一经领导批转就具有指导性。
29、根据国家保密法规定，国家秘密的标志为“★”。“★”前标保密期限，“★”后标密级。
30、合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。所以，经济合同就是协议书。
四、改错题
关于县政府购买冷冻机的请示报告
县财政局：
县政府机关职工食堂现有两千多人就餐。因无制冷设备，春、夏、秋季副食品不易保管。特别是到了夏季，副食品经常腐烂变质，不但造成浪费，影响食堂卫生，而且也直接影响职工的身体健康，广大职工意见纷纷。为了解决这一问题，经县政府办公会议研究，决定购买两台GH-2型冷冻机，所需资金伍万元，以上资金必须于今年夏天前到位，勿误。
特此请示，请审批。
××县政府办公室（公章）
一九九九年9月9日
11、在机关工作中，有“事前请示，事后报告”之说，所以，所有报告一定是工作做完之后才能向上级汇
××市电信局（文件）×局字（08）第5号
关于建造职工宿舍的请示
市财政局、土地局：
我局下属单位多，职工多、老职工更多。过去因无资金从未建过一间职工宿舍。职工住房非常非常困难，再不解决就会影响职工的工作积极性。为改善我局职工住房条件，经研究，决定建造职工宿舍3000余平方米，须拨款500万左右，征地四亩许。特此报告。
关于提请有关部门解决我单位粮油供应的请示报告
市商业局领导：
我单位是新建的大厂。近几年来发展很快，最近又新盖了15栋职工宿舍，搬进职工近千户。由于工厂离市区很远很远，附近又没有粮店，干部职工吃粮困难，直接影响了生产与工作，为此，群众意见很大。为解决我单位粮油短缺的困难，经厂领导研究决定：撤消我厂的小百货商店，腾出房子建大型超市，望商业局领导明大体，识大局，给予明示和支持。以上请示报告，请批复。
××厂敬上
五、作文题
根据下面提供的材料，请代省政府草拟一份公文。
郝爱民是广州东方出租汽车公司司机，参加工作十年，日常营运，主动为乘客着想，坚持“先请上车，后问去向”。多次被评为“最佳司机”和市公用系统先进生产者。
2003年12月12日凌晨1时30分，郝爱民驾车途径滨江路时，正遇歹徒拦路抢劫。他奋不顾身冲上前去与歹徒进行殊死搏斗，终将歹徒扭送公安机关。最近又被省政府授于优秀共产党员称号，奖励奖金5000元。
要求：
1、格式规范，写出眉首部分和版记部分必备的项目；
2、写出完整的内文，可做合理想象。
请根据下列材料，代高教厅起草一份条项清晰的公文。
广东省高教厅决定在广州市某高校召开学习、传达、贯彻十七大精神工作会议。会期3天，11月20日到××大学招待所报到。会议主要是传达十七大精神、研究贯彻措施、交流学习经验，要求各校准备经验材料，各校一名主管有关这方面工作的负责人出席。需要订购回程车、机票的同志，请报到时一并告知
2005.1.20
2008年5月30日
市电信局 会务组。
要求：（1）格式规范，写出眉首部分和版记部分必备的项目；（2）写出`完整的内文，可做合理想象；
根据下面提供的材料，请代××大学给上级写份公文。
因教学工作需要，××大学要筹建印刷厂，办厂条件基本具备。（1）、有技术力量：有三名教师的家属是印刷厂的退休工人；
（2）、产品有销路：不仅本校有98个班，5000多学生，周边还有四五所高校，（3）、办厂经费经核算需150万元，学校已自筹100万元，尚缺50万元。不足部分恳请领导核拨。
要求：
1、格式规范，写出眉首部分和版记部分必备的项目；
2、写出完整的内文，可做合理想象。
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