马云领导学论文英文版

第一篇：马云领导学论文英文版

LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 1

Abstract

This paper is about the leadership analysis of Ma Yun.At the beginning of the paper,it talks about the background of Ma Yun, his pioneering work, the growth of Alibaba and Ma Yun’s latest situation.Then, it would introduce his leadership behaviors.There are two main behaviors which are obvious on him.It contains supportive leadership behavior and charismatic leadership behavior.According to his leadership traits and behaviors, I evaluate the effectiveness if his leadership applies to the hospitality industry.The conclusion about what I learned during the process of researching will be presented at the ending of the paper.Key words: Ma Yun,Alibaba, leadership, hospitality industry

LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 2

Contents I.Abstract..................................................................................................................1 II.A Brief Introduction of Ma Yun’s Life Experience................................................1 From teacher to businessmen.............................................................................1 Development of his career..................................................................................2 Founder of Alibaba.............................................................................................3 The resignation of CEO........................................................................................4 III.The Leadership Traits of Ma Yun.......................................................................4 Self-confidence...................................................................................................4 Persistence............................................................................................................5 Fluency of speech...............................................................................................6 Integrity..............................................................................................................7 IV.The Leadership Behaviors of Ma Yun................................................................7 Supportive Leadership Behaviors.......................................................................7 Charismatic Leadership Behaviors.....................................................................8 V.Apply Ma Yun’s Leadership Style into Hospitality Industry.............................9 Put employee in the first place.........................................................................9 Innovation.........................................................................................................10 Conclusion.................................................................................................................11 Reference...................................................................................................................12 LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 3

Leadership Analysis of Ma Yun The reason why I choose Ma Yun as my leader is simple.I read an article talking about him on a magazine in high school.At that time I was interested in commerce.Until now I still have a strong interest in electronic commerce, and open the Taobao shop and micro shop when I was a sophomore.During this process, I also realized the importance of business opportunities, supply channels and innovation.I am deeply impressed by his business acumen and personal charisma.Ma Yun is a Chinese entrepreneur and philanthropist and also is the founder and Chief Executive Officer of Alibaba Group.He is the first Chinese entrepreneur that has ever appeared on the cover of Forbes from mainland.In America financial magazine “Fortune” published in 2014 March, he was honored by one of the “50 greatest leaders around the world”.In addition, Ma also serves as Chairman of the Board of Directors of Yahoo China.On May 10 in 2013, Ma retired from Alibaba Group as CEO.On September 23,2014, Ma Yun became the richest one in China by the fortune with $ 150 million, whose wealth had been increased by 5 times compared with that in 2013.Ma was ranked first in 2014 Forbes China Rich List and Hurun Philanthropy List.(Bai,2014)From the teacher to the businessmen In 1964, Ma Yun was born in an ordinary family in Hangzhou.When he was a child, he does not like study, and also is a skip class student in the eyes of the teacher.His transformation is started when he entering Hangzhou Normal University with English major.From that time on, he desperately learned English.Because he wants to know what things he doesn't know in the other side of the ocean.In 1988, Ma Yun graduated from the University, he came to Hangzhou to teach foreign languages in Electronic Industry College which is his first job.His monthly salary is about 110 Yuan.At the same time, he used his spare time to do much part-time jobs, such the guide LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 4 for the foreign tourists.The first English corner in West Lake side is initiated by Ma Yun.In 1992, Ma Yun and his friends established the earliest professional translation named Haibo translation agency in Hangzhou.Each month's revenue is only 200 Yuan, But the leasing fee has been pay off 700 Yuan.In the first year, the Translation agency was unable to maintain the operation.Ma Yun began to do the business;he sold the gift package, flowers, books, clothes and flashlight.And then he used the money to maintain translation agency.Ma Yun said: “The person who really wants to make money cannot take it much too seriously, if your mind is always thinking of money, you would not get much wealth.In 1995, the translation agency gradually became famous, and an American cooperation Company commissioned him to seek a debt in American.Then everything happened just like in Hollywood movies.The American businessmen wanted to default and pulled out a gun to make Ma Yun locked in the house for two days.Ma Yun was released in panic and anxiety, he lost the luggage and had to earn $600 back home on the casino in Las Vegas.(Liu,2009)Development of career The nightmare of trip was over;Ma Yun went back to Hangzhou sadly.Although he had no cent in his pocket, the trip let him found a ”treasure house“ in Seattle.It is the first time he used the Internet without any knowledge, and he also makes advertisement for his translation agency on the internet.He sent out the advertisement at 10 a.m., only 2 hours later, he received six emails respectively from the United States, Germany and Japan.These businessmen said this is the first Chinese Website that they have seen.”There is big business!“ At that time, he was aware that the Internet is a gold mine.Ma Yun immediately found a partner, there only has three people add his wife.They had twenty thousand Yuan as the start-up capital.His first Internet Company set up called the Hai Bo network and the product called ”China yellow pages“.This is the first the commercial information website appeared on the Internet in China.LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 5 At that time, many people still do not know what the Internet is;they thought Ma Yun is a liar.In 1995, he went to the CCTV, a director told reporters: ”this man does not look like a nice guy!“ Actually, Ma Yun was called ”liar “in lot of cities which did not have the Internet.But he is still like a madman to introduce the Internet to people and convince the customers.He reminded himself every day: “The Internet is the long running with 3000 meters, which will affect the future of humanity living in 30 years;you have to run fast like a rabbit, also like a turtle with the spirit of perseverance.”In 1996, his company’s revenue is incredibly reached 7 million Yuan(Wang, 2010)Founder of Alibaba

In ancient mythology, the Alibaba can open the door which will lead to the wealth with a spell “sesame, open the door!”

At the beginning of 1999, he raised 500 thousand yuan, the Alibaba was born in his house.At the start-up stage, Ma Yun commanded that each employee must rent the house within five minutes’ distance from his home.At that time, the 18 employees kept working day and night.The things make employees happiest is that MaYun cooked the dinner himself and made a table of good dishes for everybody.In the next 6 years, Ma Yun used 6 minutes to persuade Softbank investment Fund Company and got the venture capital investment.Then, many investors joined the Alibaba Company.In 2003, Alibaba launch website taobao.com for consumer services.Ma yun set up an online payments system,alipay in 2004.Today, even Ma Yun is in his sleeping, Alibaba also could earned 1 million Yuan each day.The Alibaba opens the treasure's door with the spell “sesame, open the door.” in myth.But what is Ma Yun's spell? We could know when we have a look at Ma Yun's spending habits.Although Alibaba has tens of millions of funds, but never make the big advertising promotion, never open the domestic press conference.In company, each page is used by LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 6 double-sided printing.Until the end of 2007, Alibaba spent the first round of investment;the second round of investment is still not moving.“I have strain every nerve to spend money.” Ma Yun said, “I has been accustomed to poverty and left over more money to spend on other important things.(Li, 2009)The resignation of CEO On May 10th2013, Ma Yun as Alibaba Group chief executive announced that he would step down, although he still remains as chairman.It is also a piece of shocking news in China.This year, Ma is 49 years old, but he has been planning for retirement.Ma Yun said that the younger employees are better placed to run the company and he will name the successor by May 10th.Ma said stepping down as a founder CEO is a difficult decision.The shift is a significant one for Alibaba and follows moves announced last week to chop the group into 25 smaller divisions to give managers more flexibility.In September 20, 2014, Alibaba was listed successfully in America with $23833.2billion.So far, Alibaba executive chairman Ma Yun’ worth reaches $2121.20 billion more than Wang Jianlin and Ma Huateng.As the new richest man in China, he donated 14.5 billion refreshing the charity record and became the new “China most generous philanthropist”.(Bai,2013)

Leadership Traits of Ma Yun Self confidence There is no doubt that Ma Yun is self-confident.At the first meeting in Alibaba, Ma Yun have predicted the company’s bright future, he required the employee to record the entire process with video which is a historical witness.In 2002, the short message service and gaming unit business appears the tremendous profit space, but Ma Yun still did not change his mind, he insisted on his way in the field of electronic commerce.By the end of 2004, Alibaba won the favor of investors after experienced the setbacks.When all the people think that LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 7 Alibaba will expand deeply in the field, he suddenly decided to create taobao.com.Alibaba would challenge the strongest global company eBay.The annual revenue of eBay has reached the 7 billion dollar, however Alibaba’ annual revenue only has billion RMB at that time.Alibaba would fight against eBay, which looks like a myth.“When Ma Yun made this decision, almost all of the people are against it.Alibaba fighting with eBay is crazy, “Jin Jianhang said.”But Ma Yun insisted his decision and believed in himself.” The confrontation is cruel.In the face of the challenge, many mainstream portal website become a “conspiracy” to block all publicity channels.In the desperation Taobao only made advertising in buses, elevators, subways and sports events.At this time, Alibaba's good luck was coming.When Taobao was attacked seriously, eBay required membership to charge a fee.This gave Taobao the opportunity for counterattack.Ma Yun immediately announced that the “Taobao will be free for anyone in the next 3 years.” This news immediately makes the eBay company crumble.Finally eBay was sold to the Tom Online and quit China market.Ma Yun is crazy and self-confidence, but all this successful results are based on his rational analysis.A person that makes once success is accidental, but Ma Yun is successful from Alibaba institution to the today’s development.We cannot say that Ma Yun only has boldness and self-confidence;the success must also include intelligence and reason.(Hu, 2011)Persistence Persistence is the necessary quality for most leaders and Ma Yun is not an exception.He is persistent for his business to achieve the success.Ma Yun he clearly knows what he would do.Because of his clear goal, he can stick to the last one when encountered any setbacks.A lot of people are difficult to understand the success of Alibaba, Ma Yun said: ”Many people are smarter than us, many people work harder than us, why do we succeed? Do we have wealth, but others not have? Of course not.LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 8 One of the important reasons is that we have the persistence.“When Alababa founded in March 1999, Ma Yun said: ”Even Tyson break me down, if I die, I would jump up and continue to fight!“ Ma Yun graduated from the Hangzhou Normal University, which sounds like a “unknown” the school, his study experience is also bumpy.However, he created the world's largest e-commerce website.Why? For the failures and setbacks, Ma Yun said: “Doing business is very tired;and the business failure rate is very high.Among100 people, 95 people do not know how to die, even did not hear voices when fell to the cliff.There are 4 people that hear a scream when he fell.The remaining one may not know why he is still alive, but also he do not know whether he still live on tomorrow.So failure is common problem that most entrepreneurs have encountered.”So Ma claim that young entrepreneurs must never, never give up.This is the only way to win the final victory.(Hu, 2011)

Fluency of speech Ma Yun is active in the public, he always make the wouderful speech for his personal image.Ma Yun's eloquence is very good.His speech reveals the humor and wisdom.He can express himself with simple words.His words are very encouraging, which let the people to think and to be inspired.“Ma internal speech” is representative of his speech.In this book, he not only points out that the company's problems, but also makes the development direction of the company.When Ma Yun achieved success, many universities and TV station invited him to make a speech.Every time for his speech the house is full of audience, and the applause is long and loud.Many his inspirational quotes inspired the young people who want to start a business.As a leader, his speech skills enhance the leadership greatly.When Alibaba was listed in USA, his fluent English in advertising video also impress all the world people.(Liu, 2009)LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 9 Integrity “For the entrepreneur, the most important and greatest wealth is your integrity.An entrepreneur must have a group of friends;these friends are accumulated by sincerity for you in so many years.“Ma Yun warned the young entrepreneurs must be honest.On the TV shows winning in the China, he said, small business success depends on shrewd, meddle level of business success depends on management, but the big business success depends on the integrity.I have always believed, honesty is valuable, it can be turned into money, and honesty is the biggest fortune.(Liu,2013)

Leadership Behaviors of Ma Yun Supportive Leadership Behaviors From Ma Yun’s personality, he is really supportive to his employees.Talent is his capital.If a company gets talents, and it means the company wins market and its future.Ma Yun helped followers develop abilities and careers very much.In the management level, there was a very important work.Ma Yun think, one of the biggest wealth in a business is employees.Alibaba also put the employee at the first place in the company.So he proposed a concept, ”Invest the money in the employees“.He said, ”We think invest money on employees that instead of putting money in the bank, we believe if employees do not grow, the enterprise is not growing.” Alibaba attached great importance to training people, let the employee more outstanding, let old employees don't fall behind.In order to train employees’ business ability, Alibaba has created the first enterprise business school—the Ali Institute.Ali Institute mainly aims to train staff in continuous exploration and practice.The teaching mode of online training, on-site instruction and training certification has been has been gradually formed.The concept that “No business is difficult in the world” is extended by Alibaba to the education level.(Liu, 2013)LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 10 He also showed his concern and respected his followers.The most obvious example is happened in the acquisition of the Yahoo.At the beginning, Yahoo’s Employees did not trust Ma Yun, Ma still treat employees sincerely.He made the N+1 plan for Employees, and used the equity genuinely to retain staff.The results is only 4% of employees chose to leave;most workers are moved by Ma Yun and chose to stay.When Yahoo’s Staff arrived at Hangzhou, Ma invited them with a sincere heart, even for the employees’ breakfast staff, he made discussion and adequate preparation.Considering employees living habits, Ma prepare the special breakfast for them.When the train loaded with employees arrived at Hangzhou, each person received a small bag which is filled with two hot steamed stuffed buns, a bottle of milk and napkin.Considering these people travel with long distance, washing is not convenient, small paper bags even has a pack of gum.The breakfast let YAHOO employees feel warm in their heart.Ma Yun really made employees moved, so the employees would be loyal to him.Ma Yun believes that management is not restriction but the truth;he brings employee motivation to develop their potential.For example, the equity incentive as everyone knows, many staff hold the stock of the listing Corporation;the administrative incentives, as long as employee work time is achieved a year and who pass the examination, he are eligible to participate in the internal competition;mail incentive, Ma is good at email, he write to employees and give them various spiritual motivation.For example, the “poor happy” strategy is in the early starting.One of them has good performance;he would be added up his life.All of them work hard for life longer.(Liu, 2009)Charismatic Leadership Behavior

Ma Yun is charismatic, he did something that was great in people’s mind.He advocated moral mission and vision.He always uses simple words to build a development perspective for employees.Ma Yun has a strong sense of mission.He said: LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 11 “Why would an enterprise survive? It’s because of mission.For this point I am confident “;he thought that employee should have it in mind.A person must have great mind, and the mind must contain the sense of mission.Now, Alibaba is the world's largest B2B e-commerce site, also is the largest C2C electronic commerce website in Chinese.However, Ma Yun's ideal is far more than this.In the next ten years, Alibaba’s goal is to rank among the top 3 in Global Internet Company.Ma Yun wanted to build the world's greatest company created by Chinese.Ma Yun attracts talent by his personal leading charm.Cai Chongxin, who helped Alibaba find investment with his own financial contact when Alibaba was in the most difficult situation.Cai Chongxin’ joining to Alibaba is very dramatic.Because of the work relationship, he came to Alibaba to see about.The purpose is obvious, to find an ideal investment object.Ma Yun talked about his idea of electronic commerce with Cai Chongxin, described his own plan of the largest B2B website “open sesame” in the world, and invited Cai Chongxin to “the location of company” which is also his home in Lake Garden.Soon after, Cai Chongxin came to Hangzhou for Ma Yun, this time he almost didn’t talk to Ma Yun about investment matters, but is very interested in Ma Yun’s story of “Eighteen Arhats”.It can be seen that Ma Yun and his “Eighteen Arhats” story touched him.Such stories are numerous in Alibaba.Ma Yun was invited to make the speech at Harvard University, Ma Yun’s wise and humorous speech touched the MBA students in Harvard.After the ”brainwashing“ of Ma Yun, Harvard elites respected Ma Yun to a great extent.(Liu, 2013)

Application of Ma Yun’ Leadership in Hospitality Industry Put employee in the first place Ma Yun said that the employee is first, customer is second.Without emplyees, there will not have this website.Only they are happy, our customers will be happy.He encourage LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 12 the staff to work crazy and make employees smile to go home, the smile is an important culture in Alibaba.He said, “The biggest challenge and breakthrough is the person, and the biggest breakthrough of employing is to trust people”.He pays attention to communication with employees, even holding the collective wedding for company staff.Therefore, employees can have happy work and go all out to work.Only the satisfying the employees will have the satisfaction of customers.In the service industry, the staff directly contact with the customer.Employees' work attitudes and emotion will directly affect the service quality.Hotel provide reliable, quality service for customers, it must place the staff at the first place, and take consideration the needs of staff.High staff turnover has been a headache in China's hospitality industry.Employee turnover will bring a series of negative effect to the hotel management, such as service quality, customer losing, and the training cost increasing.The hotel must attach great importance to the needs of staff and put staff in the first place, it can reduce staff turnover rate and improve employees’ satisfaction.So, the hospitality will make greater success.(Liu, 2009)Innovation One of the biggest factors for the success of Alibaba is innovation.Ma Yun made a lot of innovation behaviors in the development of Alibaba.At the beginning of the business, he take the strategy from first overseas to the domestic.This behavior helps export enterprises pull more overseas buyers.Then,Alibaba use the free strategy for three years.It is a huge attraction for business people.When Taobao battle with eBay, it makes the promotion in outdoor advertising signs, plane, radio, television, subway, bus.The innovation of guest rooms, catering and service can let the customer directly to experience.Creative promotion competition and realization of creativity is the soul of hotel industry.The hotel needs to upgrade hardware every three to five years.The hotel food needs to be updated, tastes is ever-changing, dishes needs to be developed.New food source LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 13 reflects the deepening customer eating desire.The hotel needs to update the service with the increase of customer demand growing.The standardization, reutilization and standardization of service have become the shade.To anticipate and meet the personalized service is the key in modern hotel service.(Wang,2013)

Conclusion Through studying the traits and leadership of Ma Yun, it is easy to find his self confidence, integrity;persistence is worth for young people to learn.He put employee in the first place and make investment for developing employee, which is worth applying in hospitality industry to optimize and improve productivity and public image.Ma Yun knows his goals what he need do.He focuses on his goal when working, and strive to complete the mission, leaving all behind including himself.He achieved a miracle in Chinese entrepreneurship, and his innate wisdom of management is also like an important reference book for Chinese enterprise development.In continuous economy development today, Alibaba group will continue to show the world a new look.Ma Yun’s wisdom management may become a beacon, which is sufficient for leading Chinese e-commerce enterprises towards the light of the world.Alibaba team will still hold on together in an extremely harsh environment, to solve the enterprise crisis and make the Alibaba team more cohesive, more passionate, more courageous for change, and more confident for higher peak!

LEADERSHIP ANALYSIS OF MA YUN 14

Reference

Bo,S.(2011,December11).Ma Yun's ambitions and dreams.China Academic Journal,pp 38-42.Fu, G.(2004, 5).Ma Yun's pioneering story.China Academic Journal , pp.23-25.Lan,L.(2011,October 05).Analysis of Ma Yun's leadership.Time Magazine, pp 23-25.Li, W.(2005, September 2).Ma Yun's challenge.China Academic Journal , pp.40-45.Shi,L.(2007).The True Story of Ma Yun.Southern publish house.Wei, C.(2011).Ma Yun Management Journal.May: 01.Wei, C.(2011).This is Ma Yun.Zhe Jiang : Zhejiang people's Publishing House.Wei, F.(2009, December 5).Ma and Alibaba group.Times Magazine , pp.32-40.Xin,L.(2004).Ma Yun talk about entrepreneurship.Zhe Jiang: Zhejiang people's Publishing House.Zhang, L.(2013, December 11).Alibaba founder jack ma.China Academic Journal , pp.1-7.

第二篇：马云英文

Name Sungaolin

Number2010045302

JACK MA Introduction The aim of the report is Jack ma’s struggling experience and achievement.The information was gathered by searching the internet.Jack ma is a successful businessman, His childhood is not very good,But he like to learn English.Once a decadent.Then began to struggle.With their own unique perspective find business opportunities create alibaba group.And then to operate Make him a successful people.Jack ma's childhood was not very happy.He was born in1964 on October 15, childhood always fight, and study not well, His father always kick him.But he English is very good, Because he can criticize his father in English, but his father did not understand , so he strove to learn English.Jack ma's school wasn’t very good, elementary and junior high schools were poor.Junior high school test exam twice, and then drop out of school.Then picked up a book, changed his mind, study hard, Hangzhou Normal University, was admitted to the Department of Foreign Languages1.Jack ma struggle for success.Jack ma in 1999 founded the alibaba group, And then after struggle, Alibaba B2B ecommerce to become a famous brand2，This makes jack Ma's reputation in international business gradually up.The Ma’s company established taobao enterprise and any other enterprises.taobao in the Asian market develop rapidly.Then to the world development.As the world famous online trading platform.The enterprise development and success,made him won the applause and cheers on the word stage.He became a successful businessman

Taobao's success is jack ma’s achievement.Taobao was established in 2003.Then rapid development.Taobao's main business is to merchants and buyers to provide a payment platform.Taobao to make people more quick and convenient shopping.By the end of 2009, Taobao has 170 million registered members.Registered users are still growing!According to statistics, Taobao transactions in 2009 amounted to 208.3 billion RMB.Reise to 400 billion RMB in 2010.Is the Asian largest retail network 12 http://baike.baidu.com/view/16360.htm http://page.china.alibaba.com/shtml/about/ali_group1.shtml

business circle3.And Taobao is also the product coverage has been increasing.Conclusion Jack ma is a challenge, and the courage to fight.Don't give up, no matter how difficult the dreams.As long as to overcome difficulties, You will succeed.Like Mr Ma as, He used his own practical action to tell people.Success is keep fighting, Through his efforts to process and successful experience.Through his efforts to process and successful experience,we can learn more about the way to deal with things and difficult is how to face.To be success is not a random , the successful one knows how to seize an opportunity.I think jack ma is a successful businessman.He is my study example.He let me know the importance of the innovation.His excellent eloquence and unique business vision is others cannot compare, And he's not only look at presentm, he has a long-term goal.At the same time, He can take talents are left.He is my study example

http://baike.baidu.com/view/3629.html?wtp=tt

第三篇：马云英文作文

As a Chinese, I think there is almost no one that doesn't know Alibaba.Alibaba's success in New York leads almost all people to joke to be the one behind Ma Yun.People from all over the world begin to recognize such a “grassroots” entrepreneurs who doesn't have an outstanding appearance and even family background.However,what difficulties did he experience behind his success? Not the same as the other Internet elites, Ma Yun was not living in the top of that part of the people.He lived among the ordinary people.Ma Yun said he was stupid.His homework was never good.He only did well in English but his math once was one point.Not only did he not have the first-rate university, but his primary school, middle school were also three or four-rate.So, Ma Yun has been talking to the staff that if according to IQ, 70% of people in the world can be successful!It is said that he is a man who makes people crazy.Every year, he will deliver speeches in the world's 10 universities.He had a strong debate with the president of NOKIA on Harvard platform, and ultimately won the long applause of more than 1000 audiences.As a successful businessman, he promotes positive energy.He decides to let Alibaba Group make an annual investment of 5 million yuan to 10 million yuan,in order to excavate, spread and develop the positive energy around people in the community.A teacher for a day is a father for a lifetime.In April 2014, Ma Yun donated 1 billion yuan to his alma mater, Hangzhou Normal University, and established the “Ma Yun Education Foundation of Hangzhou normal university”.In 2000, “Forbes” evaluated Ma Yun: He is with the same figure as Napoleon, and he is with the same ambition.People never forget your dreams on the first day,because your dream is the greatest thing in the world.

第四篇：马云,英文演讲稿

篇一：最新马云在斯坦福大学演讲中英文对照 以下为马云在斯坦福大学演讲全文：

马云：大家好。我今天感到非常荣幸能来到这里和大家见面。大约几个月前，斯坦福邀请我来演讲。我没有意料到。很多人说因为所有关于雅虎，阿里巴巴，和许多其他的新闻，这个时间点来这里演讲是非常的敏感。但是既然我做了一个承诺，我还是来了。今天如果你有任何问题要问我，我都会一一回答。

the following is the ma at stanford university speech: ma : hello everyone.today i feel very honored to be here to meet you.about a few months ago , stanford invited me to lecture.i did not expect.many people say that because of all about yahoo , alibaba, and many other news, this time to speak here is very sensitive.but since i made a promise that i came.today, if you have any questions to ask me, i will be to answer every qestions.今天是我来美国的第15天，而且我打算在这里待上一年。这个计划没有人知道。甚至我的公司也不知道。大家问我为什么要来这里。要打算作收购雅虎的准备吗？不，大家都太敏感了。我来这里是因为我累了。过去16年来太累了。我在1994年开创我的事业，发现了互联网，并为之疯狂，然后放弃了我的教师工作。那时候我觉得自己就像是蒙了眼睛骑在盲虎背上似的，一路摔摔打打，但依然奋斗着、生存着。在政府机关工作了16个月之后，1999年建立了阿里巴巴。i came to the united states today is the first 15 days , and i was too tired.in 1994 i created my career, discovered the internet, and crazy, and then gave up my teaching job.at that time i felt like a mongolian eyes like riding on the back of the tiger blind , all the way to throw beat fight, but still struggle, survive.work for the government for 16 months after the 1999 establishment of ali baba.我们还幸运地拥有着淘宝网，支付宝，阿里云和集团下其他的公司。所以，建立阿里巴巴12年后的今天，我决定需要休息一段时间。尤其今年的挑战实在是太艰辛了，这也是我没有意料到的。中国人说每12年是一个本命年。阿里巴巴今年在中国刚好是第12年，也遇上了许多棘手的问题，好比今年初因为供应商欺诈事件导致首席执行官辞职，还有vie的问题，虽然我到现在仍然不知道什么是vie，以及把淘宝分成四个公司的决策。所以，忙完所有这些事情之后我累了。我告诉自己，为什么不花个一年好好休息。尤其明年是我个人的本命年，肯定会比今年更辛苦。我想要花多一点时间好好准备，迎接明年更艰苦更困难的挑战。我需要好好休息才能为3到4年后的挑战做好准备。这三年如果事情出了错，大家可以批评淘宝，阿里巴巴或阿里云的首席执行官。但是三年后，如果事情出了错，那就是我的错。所以我准备在美国花上一段时间好好思考和放松。前两天，我开始再次练习起高尔夫球，好好放松。所以，来美国的目的真的不像是大家揣测的这么复杂。

particular, this years challenge is too difficult , and this is what i did not expect to.chinese people say that every 12 years is an animal year.alibaba in china this year happens to be the first 12 years, have encountered many difficult issues , such as suppliers of fraud earlier this year because of events leading to the resignation of wealthy father , nor very powerful uncles , do not want to have thechance of success.i remember in 1999 came to silicon valley looking for funding , with many venture capitalists approached , growth will occur in china.then i founded alibaba, 12 years have passed , and today made a lot of achievements.but before that , no one believes b2b able development in china.at that time the 马云ipo上市英语演讲稿

hello!everyone, i’m ma yun.the virgo who change the world.today is september 19th.this evening alibaba wlii land the new york stock exchange after the delisting.we’ve got the integration of listed for $68 per share total $218 billion.what a sign of that? we are the third global financing scale.dear,$1748 billion.how much time we need to spend that money ? when i was in trouble i went to usa and eager finance 2 million dollars.however,i was rejected by 300 vc.that day, i felt i’m really a short poor ugly guy.but today what i want is 2 hurndred billion.as a result, the participants of the investors lined upon the same floor where i live in the 90th floor like thousands of people waiting for ipone 6 in front of an apple store.behind my valiant record there is also a time when i make a mistake.that was yahoo!only spent 10 billion bought our 40% shares.bartz later refused to cooperate wihe me.i really want marry her and dumped her.so our equity situation is 34.4% share hold by softbank.22.6% share hold by yahoo.as chairman of board.i only hold 8.9%.luzhaoxi holds 1%.others hold 29.6% share.bright spot is the other, as this roadshow process.i repeated the ecological energy of aligroup.now we have a very awesome alipay, taobao, tmall business group and those about to enter the ktv, the pharmacy and usury industry.the next step, we will bet on logistics and intelligent hardware field.last year we set up food logistics.translation 大家好，我是马云，改变世界的处女座。今天是9月19日，今天晚上阿里巴巴在退市之后将在纽交所上市交易。我们整合上市每股￥68美元，总额为$218亿。这代表什么？我们的融资规模是全球第三大的。亲爱的，1748亿，这些钱我们要花多久啊？

我知道，也许你很崇拜我。但是十年之前人们经常会说我是个骗子。当我想为国家体育总局制作黄页时，他们对我不理睬，他们说“你必须先预约”约你妹啊！感谢电视摄影师为我记录下这个场景。现在我想说今天你对我爱答不理，明天我让你高攀不起。当我处于困境，我去美国融资2百万美金，然而被300位风投拒绝。那时，我真的觉得自己是一个矮、穷、丑的人。但是今天我要的是200亿。结果投资者在我住的酒店90楼排起长队，就像上千人在苹果专卖店门前等iphone6.在我英雄记录的背后也犯过一些错误.那就是雅虎只花了10亿就买下了我们40%的股权。之后贝茨拒绝跟我合作。我真想先娶了她然后再甩了她。我们现在的股权情况是软银掌握34.4%的股权，雅虎掌握22.6%，作为懂事局主席我只掌握8.9%，陆兆禧掌握1%，其他人掌握29.6%，两点是其他。我真的不知道再说些什么，我知道今晚过后阿里巴巴将被外国人看做是一家大公司。但是没人知道“阿里巴巴”的商标以前不是我们的。感谢党和国家帮我们打赢官司，否则今天“阿里巴巴”将成为香油的品牌。

在这次路演中我反复强调阿里巴巴的生态力量。现在我们有非常伟大的支付宝，淘宝，天猫等商业集团他们将涉足ktv，药房和高利贷等行业。下一步，我们将投入到物流和智能硬件领域。去年我们建立了食品物流，今年我们将进入国产手机行业。当zte-华为-酷派-联想这些公司在垂死挣扎的时候，我认为魅族和oppo很有b格。老罗和乐视甚至也开始做smart phone.我还能做什么？所以阿里巴巴马上收购了魅族形成了下一个增长点。中国有一句老话，富不过三代。我们的愿景是让阿里巴巴变成一家可持续发展超过3代的企业。我相信阿里巴巴退市再上市的时候，我们将成为一家万亿的企业。最后，我决定给每一位支付宝用户919元人民币来几年这次上市，谢谢！

第五篇：领导学论文（本站推荐）

南京财经大学通识选修课课程论文考试（封面）

2010 ——2011第 二 学期

课程名称： 领导学 任课教师： 朱广忠

学生姓名： 刘丽

班 级： 会计08G

学 号： 2023208A1

4论文题目：领导是一门艺术

内容摘要：领导学是一门研究领导活动各个

因素之间的相互联系、相互作用的客观规律其有效运用的综合性科学。本文将从认识领导学、领导学的发展到了解其内涵及魅力。

关 键 词：现代领导学 ；领导学的发展；

领导艺术；领导能力

领导是一门艺术

【内容摘要】领导学是一门研究领导活动各个因素之间的相互联系、相互作用的客观规律其有效运用的综合性科学。本文将从认识领导学、领导学的发展到了解其内涵及魅力。

【关 键 词】现代领导学 ；领导学的发展；领导艺术；领导能力 一，领导学的初步认识

领导学是一门研究领导活动各个因素之间的相互联系、相互作用的客观规律其有效运用的综合性科学。

现代领导学既是现代社会发展的产物，也是现代科学发展的结果。一方面，现代社会的发展，因素越来越复杂，变化越来越迅速，整个社会越来越走向综合化，任何一个方面要想求得发展，都必须同时顾及各个方面的协调发展，而且也只有在多方面的协调发展中，才能真正获得自力的发展。“牵一发而动全身”，领导工作中的成功或失败，都可能通过各个方面的联系，引起一连串连锁反应。任何一个领导者单靠个人的经验和智慧已难以驾驶这台“社会机器”，无法作出完善、正确的决策。现代社会的发展对领导提出了越来越高的要求，即必须把领导方法、领导艺术上升为科学。另一方面，现代科学技术的发展又为领导科学的产生创造了条件。科学技术革命正在深刻地改变着自然科学与社会科学的传统关系，两大科学门类之间长期存在的堡垒正在被打破。控制论、信息论和系统论这样一些模断学科迅速发展，自然科学中一些重要方法正在向社会科学迅速移植，技术科学的革命使数学在各门科学、尤其在社会科学的许多领域中得到了广泛应用，这都给领导科学的建立提供了宽广的基础理论和严密的数学工具。政治学、经济学、科学学、社会学、管理学、人才学、未来学、情报学、预测学、决策学以及行为科学等都为领导学理论体系的建立提供了科学依据。领导学正是在这样的条件下应运而生的。

领导学的研究对象，是作为整体的领导系统以及这个系统本身运动的一般规律。它要从领导系统的整体上研究领导的产生和发展、领导观念特别是现代领导观念，以及领导的基本原理和一般原则；它要研究一般领导的模式、过程及其活动规律；它要研究作为领导系统诸要素的领导、被领导、作用对象和客观环境之间的关系，以及组织机构的合理设置和领导者个人的素质与修养等；它还要研究影响领导效用的各种因素，诸如决策、用人、激励下级、信息沟通、领导方法和领导艺术等对领导系统的整体特征、领导系统本身的功能及其规律及影响领导效能的各种因素这三个方面的研究，构成了领导学的完整体系。这个对象的客观性和研究这个对象的必要性，是领导科学产生和得以发展的依据，它决定了领导学研究的专门领域。二，领导学的产生与发展

领导是随着人类社会的产生而产似的，并与人类社会的发展和演进相伴始终。领导学的产生和发展是人类实践水平和认识能力不断发展的必然结果，同时也是领导活动发展的客观要求。1． 社会化大生产是领导科学产生的客观要求2． 现代社会纵向分工的发展直接推动了领导学的产生3． 领导学是对丰富的领导实践与朴素的领导思想的集成化、系统化和理论化

伴随着经济、社会与领导实践的发展，以及人文社会科学的发展，可以预期，中国领导学研究在未来至少会呈现出以下几方面的发展趋向。1． 走向丰富的领导实践

领导是一门实践性学问，领导学是一门应用性学科。实际的领导工作需要领导学理论的指导，而领导学要想有效地指导领导实践必须对实践有深刻的把握。领导学在我国创建之初，一些学者就敏锐地注意到了这一点，并且使自己的研究深深扎根于实践，在对实践的观照中提高领导学研究的实用性和有效性。在后续的研究中，领导学需要进一步强化自身的实践特性，不单纯做书斋里的学问，不 3

单纯就学术谈学术，而是在实践中彰显自己的学科品质。2． 走向中西会通

在经济全球化、信息网络化、文化多元化的世界发展的格局和背景下，学术发展需要更多的国际交流与对话。中国领导学的发展同样要走与世界交流对话、中西会通之路。这是时代发展的要求，也是国际交流对话的需要，更是领导学自身更快更好地发展的需要。只有在国际的大舞台上，在全球化对话中，才能使中国领导学具有更大的发展空间，不断吸收国外领导学理论的养料，发展壮大自己。也只有在国际的舞台上才能够显现中国领导学的中国特色。领导学发展走中西会通之路，对中国领导学学者素质提出了更高的要求：中国领导学学者要不断提高国际交流与对话的能力，不断在国际领导学界发出自己的声音。3． 走向多学科视野

领导学研究目前已大体形成了多学科研究的视野。领导是一项非常复杂的人类活动，从不同角度看领导，得出的认识会有很大差别，从不同学科立场看领导，也会折射出不同的光束，所有这些认识和光束，是理解和研究领导实践所必需的。从这个意义上说，领导学研究的多学科视野还将进一步多样化。领导学放开视野，就会更加关注到领导这种在自己学科中需要分析的对象，也许正是在这一对象的分析中学科也就找到了新的生长点。4． 走向学科整合

科学分化是现代科学发展的一个总趋势，也是领导学发展的趋势之一，领导学的研究将逐步由综合性、整体性研究走向分支研究、专题研究。从目前来看，领导学不仅与社会科学领域的学科进行交叉，而且可能会更多地与自然科学领域的有关学科进行交叉，而形成新的领导学分支学科。现在，领导学分支学科林立，为领导学研究的整合提供了丰富的素材，未来的领导学研究应对这些素材进行加工提炼，将各学科的概念、范畴、命题加以梳理，将那些在各学科中反复出现的 4

概念、范畴、命题等固化为领导学学科的基本要素，转变领导学“千人一面”的学科形态。5． 走向元研究

元研究是对已有研究的研究。元研究的实质是通过认知结构的调整来改善研究本身，优化研究的品质。真正意义上的元研究，如果从希尔波特创建元数学算起，至今已有了70余年的历史。领导学发展至今，迫切需要增强自身的反思意识，将元研究作为学科生长的基本动力和手段。

综观20多年来，中国领导学的发展，我们发现它的进步与发展是十分迅速的，它取得成绩是显著的。在发展中它还存在一些自主性不强、理念转化不够等方面的不足，但它的发展趋势表明它所蕴含的发展潜力是巨大的。我们相信，中国领导学将会在今后的发展中在学科建设、理论建设等方面取得更大的成绩，将会对中国的领导实践起到更大的指导、推动作用，将会对中国政治、经济、文化、社会等方面的发展做出更大的贡献。

三，领导中的艺术

领导艺术是很有讲究又极富艺术的一门学问。领导艺术具有突破性和创造性、非模式化和非规范性、随机性和灵活性的特点。领导艺术又分为：1.履行职能的艺术（主要包括沟通、激励和指导的艺术，以及决策艺术、用权艺术、授权艺术用人艺术等）。2.提高领导工作有效性的艺术。3.人际关系的协调艺术。1．用人和用权艺术。

（1）用人艺术。用人的方法和艺术在领导工作中占有特别重要的位置。1938 年毛泽东把领导者的职责归为：“出主意，用干部”，将领导的决策与用人放在同等重要的位置。领导者用人的艺术主要有：合理选择，知人善任；扬长避短、宽容待人；合理使用，积极培养；用人要正激励人才。（2）用权艺术。规范化 5

用权；实效化用权；体制外用权。（3）授权艺术。包括合理选择授权方式；授权留责；视能授权；明确责权；适度授权；监督控制；逐级授权；防止反向授权。

2．决策艺术。（1）决策艺术的特点：科学与经验的结合；综合性知识与创造性发挥。（2）决策艺术：①运筹艺术—统筹兼顾，把握关键。②决断艺术—指令明确、决断及时；判断力、想象力、洞察力、应变力。③善于调动他人的积极性。④借用外脑。

3．人际关系艺术。（1）人际关系艺术。（2）人际沟通艺术：态度和蔼、平等待人；尊重别人、注意方法；简化语言；积极倾听；抑制情绪；把主动；创造互信环境。（3）处理人际纠纷艺术：宽以待人；分寸得当、审时度势；讲究策略；把握主动。四，领导能力的提升

在一个组织中，领导者起着极其重要的作用。基尔伯特•菲尔赫姆认为：领导者是员工发展的推动者，是激发组织潜力的战略远景的制定者，是文化价值的创造者和变革的倡导者，是与下属进行密切合作的协商者，是下属的教育者是领导绩效和员工自我发展的双重推动者。

一个组织是需要领导的。一个优秀的高机动性、高目标完成率的精英团队更是需要一个卓越的领导。那我们到底需要怎样卓越的领导者呢？这样的领导者怎么样养成呢？从开放性定义上看，领导是能让人创造理想和有能力把想变成现实并使之持续下去的过程。所以，领导主要表现为一种影响力。我们姑且称之为“领导力”。由此可知，要培养卓越的领导主要是培养卓越的领导力。领导力并不是一种与生俱来的能力，它是那些有志成为领导者的人认识自己和管理自己的能力，往往是通过后天实践逐渐习得的一种能力。领导力并不代表某种特殊的地位或战略，它只是领导者真实生活方式的一种反映。卓越领导者应有的品质和特点大多数人认为，卓越领导者一般都具有以下品质:注意时刻在下属面前树立良好 6

形象;不时为自己打造威信的光环;充分发挥作为管理者的影响力;善于运用情感技巧说服下属;把正确的理念融人细微的管理中;做到既充分授权又不失控制;学会“恩威并用”的批评策略;在妥善处理难题中展示魅力;注意不断提高自身的能力和素养等等。

（1）领导者应有优秀的品德。

从领导哲学上看，领导是展示崇高品德的行为。优秀的品德是做人应具备的最基本的素质和立业的根本，能使人产生一种敬重感，吸引人们自觉或不自觉地学习模仿，从而产生巨大的驾驭激励力量。所以，作为领导者首先应该注重自身的行为修养。

首先，要克己。领导者须强化自身修养，则必须从克己做起。第二，要有服务精神。服务是领导价值的最重要的体现，是领导的基本属性。第三，要尊重他人。每一位领导者应谨记正视人性，满足合理的人性需求这个道理。（2）领导者要扮演好自己的角色

从领导哲学的角度看，领导是富于挑战的，穿越时空和组织边界的，引发变革的提供希望的行为。所以，对组织而言，领导者要扮演好两大类即四种不同的角色：一是变革型角色，包括宣传鼓动家与谋略家；二是务实型角色，包括分析家与实干家。作为宣传鼓动家，领导者要关注人们的奉献精神，强调组织的价值，以新的目标和抱负激励员工，创造振奋人心的氛围;作为谋略家，领导者要关注未来，了解最新的发展趋势，强调目的与方向，描绘组织发展的远景及蓝图等等;作为分析家，领导者应关注组织的运作效率，评估进行中的项目与计划，协调相互抵触的看法与需求;作为实干家，领导者应关注业绩，强调结果，解决问题，做出影响下级的决策等等。（3）领导者要不断学习

从领导哲学上看，领导是包含智慧和价值的创造性活动。在这样的知识经济 7

时代，在这样一个信息爆炸的时代，领导者只有通过不同的形式,加强理论知识、文化科学知识、管理知识学习,不断探索进取,那么在作决策时,就能站得高、看得远,考虑周全,思维活跃,有研究、有创新、为下属所折服,从而增强自己的人格力量。否则，就跟不上知识经济时代对领导者的要求。（4）领导者要形成良好的心理素质。

首先，领导要有强烈的使命感。领导者的核心任务是要看清组织存在的意义以及未来发展前景，并以这种使命感激发自身以及与员工的潜力，使命不应空洞，而应具有实际意义。第二，要有良好的意志品质。在任何情况下都能镇定自若，不灰心丧气，处变不惊，防止由于自己的消极情绪对下属带来不良的影响。邓小平同志在他的政治生涯中曾大起大落三次，但他仍不屈不挠地为自己的政治事业奋斗。

（5）领导者要培养自己的领导风格

首先，领导者应结合自身的生活、工作实际,发挥气质中优势的一面,养成刚毅果断、有胆有识;乐观开朗、宽厚待人;沉着冷静、实事求是;热情活泼、勇于开拓等方面的良好的性格特征。其次,领导者要具备一定的语言素养。领导者应掌握谈活的技巧、真诚的赞美、批评的方式、幽默风趣的表达、谈话的生动形象、表达的得体等都展示着自己的风采,展现着自己的才能,使之具有独特的吸引力、影响力。

领导学是一门极具魅力的学问，它与我们的生活紧密相关，我们更应该去深入的去了解。

参考文献：1.《中国领导学：进展、问题与趋向》，郑金洲，李冲锋 2.《浅谈我国领导学及其发展》

3.《领导科学与艺术》，林 健